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1第1讲阅读理解专题KnowledgeisPower!细节理解题推理判断题阅读理解主旨大意题词义猜测题细节理解题一、设问方式(1)Whichofthefollowingistrue/false/mentioned?(2)Choo

setherightorderoftheeventsgiveninthepassage.(3)Allofthefollowingstatementsmaybetrue/falseexcept________.(4)What/Why/Howmany/Howmuch...?(5)Which

ofthefollowingisNOTincludedinthepassage?…二、考查内容1.考查对具体事实的认定、数字计算能力和顺序排列等。三、技巧点拨正确项的特点：(1)同义替换，对原文句子中的关键词替换。(2)词性或者

语态的变化。(3)语言简化。把原文中的复杂语言现象进行简化，成为正确答案。(4)正话反说。把原文中的意思反过来表达而成为正确选项(适用于寻找错误选项的题目)。12干扰项的特点：(1)将原文内容扩大或缩小。把原

文中的限定词去掉或替换，使该选项看似正确。(2)把未然当已然。改变文中某句话的时态，如把将来时变成现在时，把未发生的事情当成已发生的事情。(3)无中生有。即选项内容是根据主观想象或推测得出的结论，而文中并未涉及。(4)偷换概念。把原来做该事的“张三”换

成“李四”。(5)部分正确，部分错误。那么，我们该如何解答阅读理解的细节理解试题呢？1.掌握适当的解题技巧(1)同义替换：考查细节理解的试题不会将相关信息直接复现在选项中，正确的选项都是在原文的基础上进行改动，即同义替换，将原文中的个别几个词进行同义替换。比如原文用名词表示动作，

选项则用动词直接转述，或原文用的是比较生僻的词汇，选项用考生更熟悉的词汇进行转述等。【典例1】Theall-newSeaLifeMelbourneAquarium,situatedintheheartofMelbourne’sCBD,isoneofVicto

ria’sleadingvisitorattractionsandanunforgettableoutingforthewholefamily.Having12amazingzonesofdiscovery,SeaLifeMelbo

urneAquariumistheveryplacethatyoucannotmisswhenyouvisitthecity.()SeaLifeMelbourneAquarium_________.A.islocatedatthecenterofthe

CBDinthecityB.has12mostattractiveplacesinMelbourneC.admitsvisitorsfrom9:30amuntil6:00pmD.isbesideCrownE

ntertainmentComplex答案：A细节理解题。本段第一句说这个水族馆situatedintheheartofMelbourne’sCBD，这与A项转述为atthecenterof，与文章的描述一致，因此

选A。(2)意思相反，二选一：如果选项中有意思相反的两个选项，那么其中一个就是对的；用文章里举例的句子作为选项时，这个选项往往会成为命题人以假乱真的好题眼；(3)原文定位：每个细节理解的试题在原文中都要有一个定位，然后精读，找出这

个中心句或关键词。(4)拼凑信息一定不对：如果某一选项中的几个单词是该段中不同句子的单词拼凑的，或者从不同的段落里的词拼凑在一起的，有时看上去很舒服，很有道理，但是要注意，这一定是干扰项。(5)注意主

谓不一致：注意问题的主语是谁，它与原文题眼的主语原则上是一致的，主语不一致，那么我们就要提防了。(6)对于文章中however后面的句子一定要重视，因为这里往往就是文章要凸现的主题，也是细节理解试题的常用

题眼。23注意：为提高答题的准确率，我们在阅读中需要特别注意标志类、指示类的信息，并做记号：a.表示并列关系：and;also等b.表示转折关系：but;yet;however;bycontrast等c.表示因果关系：therefore;consequently;asaresult

等d.表示递进关系：inadditionto;even;what’smore;furthermore等e.表示重要性的词：prime;aboveall;first等以上关键词有助于我们对文章逻辑结构的把握。2.学会分析长难句阅读理解文章由于信息量大，篇幅长，里面含有很多结构复杂的句子，而这样

的句子很多就直接成为命题的“题眼”，因此准确理解长难句的含义是做好阅读理解的关键。如何分析长难句：(1)寻找句子主干，即找出整句的主语、谓语、宾语（表语）；(2)找出句中所有的谓语结构、非谓语动词、介词短语等；(3)找出各个从句的引导词；(4)分

析各成分之间的关系；(5)注意插入语等其它成分；(6)分析固定词组或固定搭配。【典例2】Theseareamongsome40collectionsthatarebeingshownat“TheMuseumOf”—thefirstofsev

eralnewmuseumswhich,overthenexttwoyears,willexhibittheobjectsaccumulatedbyunknowncollectors.句子成分分析：首

先找出这个句子的主干部分：本句使用了“主系表”结构，本句用介词短语作表语，介词宾语collections接了that引导的定语从句，这个定语从句的介词宾语TheMuseumOf后面接了同位语，这个同位语的介词宾语部分又出现一个用which引导的定语从句。句意：这

些都是在“主题博物馆”正在展出的大约40件藏品之列，在将来的两年里，该博物馆和其他几个新的博物馆都将展出由不出名的收藏者积累的各种物品。【解题技巧】先通读全文，重点读首段、各段的段首段尾句，然后其他部分可以略读，再审题定位，重叠选项，

选出答案。要有把握文章宏观结构、中心句的能力。3.需要上下求证的广告信息细节题广告信息类阅读文章内容丰富，信息量大，而且没有连贯的故事情节，而试题所涉及的信息具有位置分散，覆盖面广的特点，在解答广告类文章的细节理解题时，我们可以先

浏览一下文章的黑体部分，然后看试题，带着问题到文中寻找相关信息，再通过分析、比较、归纳、推理等手段确定正确答案。【典例3】HOLIDAYFUNATTHEPOWERHOUSE34500HARRISSTREETULTIMO

•TELEPHONE(02)9270111Joinintheholidayfunaythepowerhousethismonthlinkedtoournewexhibition,Evolution&Revolutio

n:Chinesedress1700stonow.DON’TFORGETourotherspecialevent,theClubMedCircusSchoolwhichispartoftheCircus(马戏团)!150yearsofcir

cusinAustraliaexhibitionexperience!•ChineseFolkDancing:ColorfulChinesedanceandmusicalperformancesbyT

heChineseFolkDancingSchoolofSydney.Dancesinclude:theGoldenandtheChinesedrumdance.AfeaturewillbetheQindynastyEmperor’scountdance.Alsoincludedi

sashowoffacepaintingforBeijingoperaperformances.Sunday29JuneandWednesday2JulyintheTurbineHall,at11.30am&1.30pm.()WhencanyouwatchtheChines

edrumdance?A.OnJuly2.B.OnJuly3.C.OnJuly6.D.OnJuly8.答案：A细节理解题。在ChineseFolkDancing栏目中找到的关键词theChinesedrumdance，

再寻找相关的时间：在七月二日可观看中国的大鼓表演。由此确定正确答案是A。推理判断题一、设问方式(1)Wecaninfer/learnfromthe(last)paragraphthat________.(2)Itcanbeconcludedfromthep

assagethat________.(3)Thepassageimplies/suggeststhat________.(4)Theauthor’spurposeofwritingthepassageis_

_______.(5)Fromthepassagewecandrawtheconclusionthat________.(6)Theauthorbelievesthat________.(7)Itismostlikelytobeinferredfromthepassag

ethat________.(8)Whichofthefollowingstatementscanbeinferredfromthepassage?(9)Theauthormostprobablyimpliesin

thissectionthat________....二、考查内容考查对细节的推断、对因果关系的推断、对文章来源或读者对象的推断、写作意图的推断、态度倾向的推断和评述性的推断三、技巧点拨干扰选项特点：(1)颠倒是非：选项的结果与推断出来的正确结果相反；(2)照搬原文：原文里有

相关的直接信息，不需要经过推断；(3)推理过度：把文章中的一些个案绝对化、扩大化；(4)无中生有：捏造原文中并不存在的信息，并以此作为依据进行推断。45【解题技巧】解题时应注意以下几点：(1)直接陈述文章内容

的选项不能选，要选择根据文章推理出来的选项。(2)推理不是凭空猜测，而是立足已知推断未知，因此正确选项一定能在文中找到依据或理由。(3)不能以自己的观点代替作者的想法，因此脱离原文的主观臆断都是错误的。【典例4】...Perh

apsthatexplainswhyanewbookbyBjornLomborgreceivedsomuchpublicity....Indeed,Mr.Lomborg’sviewsaresimilartothoseofsomeindustry-fundedorganizatio

ns,whichstarthugeactivitiesthroughthemediatoconfusethepublicaboutissueslikeglobalwarming.SoitwasstrangetoseeMr.Lomborg’sbookgolargelyunchallengedinth

emediathoughhisbeliefswerecontrarytomostscientificopinions....Suchone-sidedviewsshouldhaveimmediatelybeenchallenged.B

utonlyadifferentreviewappearedinNature,...Acritical(批判的)eyeisvaluable,andthemediashouldpresentinformationinsuchawaythatc

ouldallowpeopletomakeinformeddecisions.Unfortunately,thatisofteninaccessibleasblockedbythedesiretobeshockingortodefendso

mespecialinterests.Peoplemightbecomehalf-blindbeforeaworldpartiallyexhibitedbythemedia.That'sashame,bec

ausemattersconcerningthehealthoftheplanetarefartooimportanttobetreatedlightly.()Whatistheauthor'smainpurposeinwritingthepassage?A.Toencourag

etheskepticstohaveacriticaleye.B.Towarnthepublicofthedangerofhalf-blindnesswithreviews.C.Toblamethemedia'slackofrespo

nsibilityinpresentinginformation.D.Toshowtheimportanceofpresentingoverallinformationbythemedia.答案：D考查作者的写作目的。文章从怀疑论者的质疑引出了本文的话题

(第一段)，接着剖析了一本书无比流行的深层原因(第二、三、四段)，最后作者则发表了自己的见解(最后一段)。由此可知，作者的主要目的是呼吁媒体全面地呈现信息。A项意为“鼓励怀疑论者有批判的眼光”，B项意为“警告大众对观点半信半疑的危

害”，C项意为“责备媒体在呈现信息时缺乏责任心”，D项意为“表明媒体全面呈现信息的重要性”。A、B、C三项都不是作者的写作目的。故选D。主旨大意题一、设问方式(1)Whatisthemainidea/topicofthepassage

?(2)Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?(3)Whichofthefollowingbeststatesthemainideaofthepassage?(4)Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?(5)Whichofthefollowi

ngisasuitabletitleforthetext?...56二、考查内容1.考查对标题的精确归纳（醒目性、概括性和针对性）、对文章大意的概括（浏览法）和对文章大意的概括（主题句）。三、技巧点拨错误项特点：(1)无中生有或断章取义。即在短文中没有提到或有的选项中的某些词

语取自文章中，但经过推敲之后你会发现这类选项的内容与文章的内容不相符合。(2)以偏概全。有些选项只阐述了文章的部分内容，这往往会让学生在选择答案时举棋不定。(3)概括不够或概括过度。即错误选项归纳的主题以部分代整体，或超出了文章实际所涉及的内容，缺乏针对性。

【解题技巧】可以用三个字概括文章标题的特点，即：精，准，全。精——用精练的语言概括文章的中心思想。准——要注意文章的内涵和外延，把作者的观点准确地表达出来。全——要排除掉那些片面的观点，选取包含文章主要内容及作者观点的选项，范围不宜过大或过小。【典例5】

Irelandhashadaverydifficulthistory.Theproblemsstartedinthe16thcenturywhenEnglishrulerstriedtoconquer(征服)Ireland....No

rthernIreland,inthenorth,ispartoftheUnitedKingdom.TheRepublicofIreland,inthesouth,isanindependentcountry.Inthe1840sthemain

crop,potatoes,wasaffectedbydiseaseandabout750,000peoplediedofhunger....Asaresultoftheseproblems,thepopulationfellfrom8.2mi

llionin1841to6.6millionin1851.Formanyyears,themajorityofIrishpeopleearnedtheirlivingasfarmers.Today,...Th

eIrisharefamousforbeingwarm-heartedandfriendly....Sinceindependence,Irelandhasrevived(复兴)itsowncultureofmusic,language,

literatureandsinging....()Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.LifeinIrelandB.AVeryDifficultHistoryC.Ireland,PastandPresentD.TheIndepen

denceofIreland答案：C考查文章标题的选择。本题要求概括文章标题，属于主旨大意题。文章回顾了爱尔兰艰辛的独立过程(第一段)以及曾经的艰难岁月(第二段)，接着叙述了爱尔兰如今的风貌(第三段和第四段

)，所以”爱尔兰的今昔”作为文章标题最合适。故选C。A项(爱尔兰的生活)范围过大；B项(一段很艰难的历史)是文章前两段的主要内容；D项(爱尔兰的独立)只是文中的细节内容。67词义猜测题一、设问方式(1

)Theword“...”inthecontextmeans________.(2)Theword“...”couldbebestreplacedby________.(3)Whichofthefollowingisnearestinme

aningto________?(4)Fromthecontext,wecaninferthattheword“...”means________.(5)Bysaying“...”,theauthormeans___

_____.(6)Thepassageusedtheword“...”toreferto________....二、考查内容考查“不明身份”的代词指代、“熟词生义”的词汇理解、“深奥难懂”的生词词义猜测。三、技巧点拨干扰选项特点：(1)对原相应表达方式的不正确改写。(2)故意丢

三落四，释意不完整。(3)半对半错。(4)曲解原意。2.解题思路(1)利用构词法猜词英语中有大量的单词是通过合成或加前后缀构成的，运用构词法判断生词的意义是一种快速有效的解题方法。(2)利用语境及逻辑关系猜词利用上下文语境和前后句之间的并列、因果、转折、对比、解释、定义和举例

等关系来猜测词义。同时要特.别留心某些词语，如or，thatis，inotherwords，including，although，but，evenif，ontheotherhand，onthecontrary，otherthan，rathe

rthan，morethan，insteadof等。(3)利用同义解释猜词同义解释形式多样，有的利用下定义，有的利用or，thatis(tosay)，inotherwords，namely等引出后面的解释，有的利用破折号、同位语(从句)、定语从句或同义词、近义词等引出后面的解释

。(4)利用常识及生活经验猜词考生要运用非语言知识提示来提高分析能力，力图理解阅读中的生词，以明确把握作者的意图。【典例6】...TheCRF’sproduceis“green”,madewithintheco

untryanddividedinto10lines,withtheAlcoholSeriesbeingthemostpopular.TheExoticSeries—withSichuanpepper,redbeancheeseandotherflavor

s—alsodoeswellandis78funtotaste.Andforchocolatesnobs,whothinkthattheyhaveabetterknowledgeofchocolatethanothers,theConn

oisseurSeriesusescocoabeansfromTogo,Cuba,Venezuela,andGhana,amongothers.()Thewords“chocolatesnobs”inParagraph3probablyrefertopeoplewho________

.A.areparticularaboutchocolateC.lookdownuponothersB.knowlittleaboutcocoabeansD.liketotrynewflavors答案：AReadin

gComprehension（一）PeoplearoundtheworldarerememberingNelsonMandela,SouthAfrica'sfirstblackpresident.HediedThursdayattheageof95.Sou

thAfricanPresidentJacobZumasaid,“Thenationhaslostitsgreatestson,andourpeoplehavelostafather.”Mandelahadbeeninpoorhealthfors

everalyears.Hewasrepeatedlytreatedinhospital,mostrecentlyforalunginfection.Hebecameinfectedwithtuberculosis(结核)manyyearsagowhileinpriso

n.NelsonMandelawasthemainleaderineffortstoendwhiteminorityruleinSouthAfrica.Hespent27yearsinprisonforhispartinfightingapartheid(种族隔离)thenation'spo

licyofdiscrimination(歧视)againstblacks.Manyworldleaders,pastandpresent,arerememberingNelsonMandela.FrederickW.

deKlerkwasSouthAfrica'slastapartheidleader.HefreedMandelafromprisonin1990.Later,thetwomenwontheNobelPeacePrize.Mr.deKlerksaidpeoplew

illrememberMandelafortheimportanceheplacedonreconciliation(和解)—beingabletoreachasettlementbetweenconflictingsides.Hesaidtheirrelationsh

ipwas,inhiswords,“oftenstormy”,buthesaidtheywere“alwaysabletocometogetheratcritical(关键的)moments.”IntheUnitedStates,PresidentBarac

kObamacalledMandelaaninfluential,braveandprofoundlygoodhumanbeing.Mr.ObamasaidMandelawillberememberedforleavingafreeSouthAfricaatpeace.“Iamon

eofthecountlessmillionswhodrewinspirationfromNelsonMandela'slife.Myveryfirstpoliticalaction—thefirstthingIeverdidthatinv

olvedanissue,orapolicy,orpolitics—wasaprotestagainstapartheid.Iwouldstudyhiswordsandhiswritings.”InLondon,BritishPrimeMinisterDavidCameroncall

edMandelaatrueglobalhero.Inhiswords,agreatlighthasgoneoutintheworld.89()1.WhichisTRUEaboutMandela?A.Heseldomreceivedtreatmentinhospital.B.Hedi

edinprison.C.AlunginfectioncausedMandela'sdeath.D.Hediedwhenhewasstillpresident.)2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword

“stormy”inPara.6mean?((A.rainy)3.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.FrederickW.deKlerkisstillanenemyofMandela.B.fierceC.peac

efulD.challengingB.PresidentBarackObamalearnedalotfromNelsonMandela'slife.C.NelsonMandelafoughtfortheindepe

ndenceofSouthAfrica.D.JacobZumacalledMandelaatrueglobalhero.答案：文章大意：本文主要介绍了南非前总统曼德拉的去世及世界各国主要领导人对曼德拉的缅怀。1.C细节理解题。根据第三段Hewasrepeatedlytreatedinhospita

l,mostrecentlyforalunginfection.一句可知曼德拉因肺部感染去世。故选C。2.B词义猜测题。根据后句Mr.deKlerk说在关键时刻双方能够联合可知双方的关系有时很激烈。3.B推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Iamoneofthecountlessmi

llionswhodrewinspirationfromNelsonMandela'slife...”部分可知美国总统奥巴马从曼德拉身上学到了许多。（二）ItwasThanksgivingmorning.IwasbusypreparingthetraditionalThanksgi

vingturkeywhenthedoorbellrang.Iopenedthefrontdoorandsawtwosmallchildreninragshuddlingtogetheronthetopstep.“Anyoldpapers

,lady?”askedoneofthem.Iwasbusy.Iwantedtosay“no”untilIlookeddownattheirfeet.Theywerewearingthinlittlesandals(凉鞋),wetwithhea

vysnow.“ComeinandI'llmakeyouacupofhotcocoa.”Theywalkedoverandsatdownatthetable.Theirwetsandalsleftmarksuponthefloor.

Iservedthemcocoaandbreadtofightagainstthecoldoutside.ThenIwentbacktothekitchenandstartedcooking.Thesilenceinthefrontroomstruckme.Ilooked

in.Thegirlheldtheemptycupinherhands,lookingatit.Theboyaskedinaflatvoice,“Lady,areyourich?”“AmIrich?Pity,no!”Ilookedatmyworn-outslipc

overs(椅套).Thegirlputhercupbackinitssaucer(茶碟)carefullyandsaid,“Yourcupsmatchyoursaucers.”Theyleftafterthat,holdingtheirpapersagains

tthewind.TheyhadremindedmethatIhadsomuchforwhichtobegrateful.Plainbluechinacupsandsaucerswereonlyworthfivepence.Butt

heymatched.Itastedthepotatoesandstirred(搅动)themeatsoup.Potatoesandbrownmeatsoup,aroofoverourheads,mymanwitharegularjob,thesematched,too.Imo

vedthechairsbackfromthefireandcleanedthelivingroom.Themuddymarksoflittlesandalswerestillwetuponmyfloor.Letthembeforawhile,Ithought,justincaseIsh

ouldbegintoforgethowrichIam.910(()1.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Lady,areyourich?B.Asto

ryofThanksgivingDayC.Don'tforgethowrichyouareD.Doescupsandsaucersmatchwell?)2.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtr

ueaccordingtothepassage?A.Thegirlthoughtthewriterwasrichjustbecauseshewantedtomakethewriterhappy.B.Thewriterhadthoughtshewasn'trichbecausehers

upplieswerenotexpensive.C.Ifcupsandsaucersmatchwell,theyareabestpaireventhoughcheap.D.Afterhearingwha

ttheysaid,thewriterseemedtounderstandwhatarichlifewas.)3.Thewriterleftthemuddymarksoflittlesandalsonthefloo

rforawhileto________.A.showthatshewasakindheartedlady((B.remindherthatsheshouldn'tforgethowrichshewasC.leaveroomforreaderstothi

nkaboutwhatbeingrichisD.provethatshehadunderstoodwhatmeantbeingrich)4.Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthatwhetheryouarerichdependson________.A.howmuchmo

neyyouhavemadeB.whatattitudeyouhavehadtowardslifeC.thewayyouhelpothersD.yoursocialrelationship答案：文章大意：本文介绍了在感恩

节之夜，一对来要旧报纸的男孩和女孩给我带来的人生思考。1.A主旨大意题。文章最后一句点明主题。标题需要出现这里的关键词howrichIam。2.A细节理解题。文中没有提到女孩说这位作家富有只是为了取悦她。3.B推理判断题。根据最后一段Imovedthechairsbackfromt

hefireandcleanedthelivingroom.Themuddyprintsofsmallsandalswerestillwetuponmyfloor.Letthembeforawhile,Ithought,justincaseIshouldb

egintoforgethowrichIam.说明我想让这样的脚印提醒我。4.B推理判断题。根据文章中女孩子的那句话“Yourcupsmatchyoursaucers.”让我们思考着幸福还是不幸福取决于我们对生活的态度。Hom

ework（一）Nexttimeyouhearafunnyjokeyou'dbetternotlaughtoohard.AccordingtoapaperpublishedbytheBritishMedicalJournal,laughterisn'talwaysthebes

tmedicine.Sometimesitcanevenbeharmful.ProfessorRobinFernerfromtheUniversityofBirmingham,oneoftheauthorsofthestudy,f

oundthatbadthingscouldhappentopeoplewholaughedtoomuch.Hesays:“Wefoundpeoplewithheartbeatproblemswhichhadstoppedtheirheart,wefoundpeoplewhohadfain

ted(昏倒),andwefoundpeoplewho'ddislocatedtheirjawsorbursttheirlungs.”Itseemsthatlaughingcanbenolaughingmatter.Butit'snotal

ldoomandgloom.ProfessorFernersaystherearebenefitstolaughingwhenyouwanttoloseweight,forexample.Yes,that's

right:laughandbeslimmer!Professor1011Fernerexplainsthat:“Youuseenergywhenyoulaugh,youmoveyourdiaphragm(

横膈膜),youexpandyourlungs,andboththosethingscanbehelpful.”Accordingtotheresearch,laughingforaquarterofanhourcanburnu

pto40calories,andifyoulaughedalldayyou'duseupabout2,000calories,whichiswhatmostpeopleconsumeinaday.Butdon'

tdothatoryoumightendupwithapainfuljaw.Ouch!Oryoumightfindpeoplelookingatyouinafunnyway.ButIdon'twanttofinishthisarticleleavingyoufeeli

ngdesperate.Laughtercomesnaturallyformostofus.Babiesbegintolaughataround3—6months.Sogiveintoyoursenseofhumourandke

epsmiling.Lifeisshortanyway.(((()1.LaughingtoomuchmaycausethefollowingharmfulresultsEXCEPT________.A.heartstopB.

diaphragmmovementC.lungburstD.jawdislocation)2.Theunderlinedphrase“doomandgloom”inParagraph2probablymeans________.A.hopeless)3.Howmanyc

aloriescanyouuseifyoulaughforhalfaday?A.About40.B.About1,000.C.About2,000.)4.Whatistheauthor'sattitudet

owardslaughinginthelastparagraph?A.Uninterested.B.Disapproving.C.Worried.B.funnyC.painfulD.nervousD.About2,040.D.Favorable.答案

：文章大意：本文提到最后一项研究表明，笑并不是最好的良药，有时可能是有害的。但笑可以消耗很多热量，不管如何不要放弃微笑，毕竟生活是短暂的。1.B细节理解题。根据第一段提到Hesays:“Wefoundpeoplew

ithheartbeatproblemswhichhadstoppedtheirheart,wefoundpeoplewhohadfainted(昏倒),andwefoundpeoplewho'ddi

slocatedtheirjawsorbursttheirlungs可知危害性有心脏骤停，昏倒，脱臼，伤到肺”，故B项没有提到。2.A猜测词义题。根据第二段提到Itseemsthatlaughingcanbenolaughingmatter.Butit'sno

talldoomandgloom.ProfessorFernersaystherearebenefitstolaughingwhenyouwanttoloseweight,forexample.好像笑并不是玩笑的事情，但他也不是无用，教授说

，当你想减肥时，笑是非常有效的，故选A项。3.B推断题。根据第三段提到．..ifyoulaughedalldayyou'duseupabout2,000calories,whichiswhatmostpeopleconsumeinaday.可知一天消耗2000卡，那么半天就选B项。4

.D推理判断题。根据最后一段提到Sogiveintoyoursenseofhumourandkeepsmiling.Lifeisshortanyway.可知不要放弃幽默，保持微笑，毕竟生命是短暂的，故选D项

。（二）Whileitisimpossibletolivecompletelyfreeofstress,itispossibletopreventstressaswellasreduceitseffectwhe

nitcan'tbeavoided.__1__Tryphysicalactivity.__2__Running,walking,playingtennis,andworkinginyourgardena

rejustsomeoftheactivitiesyoumighttry.Maketimeforyourself.Scheduletimeforbothworkandentertainment.Don'tforget,playcanbej

ustasimportanttoyouroverallwell－beingaswork.__3__Gowindow－shoppingorworkonahobby.Allowyourselfatleastahalfhoureachdaytodosome

thingyouenjoy.Takecareofyourself.__4__Ifyoueasilygetangryandcan'tsleepwellenough,orifyouarenoteatingproperly,itwillbemorelike

ly1112thatyouwillfallintostressfulsituations.Ifstressrepeatedlykeepsyoufromsleeping,youshouldconsultadoctor.__5__Stresscanresultfromd

isorganizationandafeelingthat“there'ssomuchtodo,andnotenoughtime”.Tryingtotakecareofeverythingatoncecanbetoomuchforyouandasaresult,youma

ynotachieveanything.Instead,makealistofeverythingyouhavetodo,thendoonethingatatime,checkingoffeachta

skasitiscompleted.Setouttodothemostimportanttaskfirst.A.Youshouldmakeeveryefforttoeatwellandgetenoughrest.B.Do

whateveryoulikeandwanttodo.C.Thefollowingaresuggestionsforwaystodealwithstress.D.Youneedabreakfromyourdail

yroutinetojustrelaxandhavefun.E.Whenyouarenervous,angryorupset,tryreleasingthepressurethroughexerciseorphysicalact

ivity.F.Youcouldsmiletoyourselfinfrontofamirroreveryday.G.Makealistofthingstodo.答案：本文是一篇说明文，告诉了我们一些日常生活

减压的技巧。1.C考查考生对上下文顺承关系的理解能力。本文是总分结构，后文是各种减压法，所以选C项。2.E考查考生对上下句顺承关系的理解能力。本句是对主题句的补充说明，故选E项。3.D考查考生对段落大意的概括能力。本段围绕的话题是留给自己一些时间，所以休息是

最符合这一主题的，故选D项。4.A考查考生对段落大意的概括能力。本段的中心话题是照顾好自己，所以吃好睡好是照顾好自己的表现，故选A项。5.G考查考生对段落大意的概括能力。这里的“there'ssomuchtodo,andnotenoughtime”及“make

alistofeverythingyouhavetodo”暗示了选G项。12