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郸城一高高三2月份空中考试英语试卷第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）略第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑．AItmayseemhardtoleaveSy

dney’sattractionsandsights,butwhentheurgearisestoexplorebeyondthecity,manyexceptionaldaytripsawaittravelers.ScenicWorldOnavisittotheWorldherit

age-listedBlueMountains,enjoycleanfreshairandbreath-takinglandscapesofancientrainforests.ScenicWorldinKatoombaisthebestwaytoaccesstheb

eautyofthisregion.Besidesclimbing,youcanchoosecablecars,elevatedboardwalksortheScenicRailway—theworld’ssteepesttraintravellingthro

ugharocktunnel,toreachthemountaintop.RoyalNationalParkEstablishedin1879,theRoyalistheworld’ssecond-oldestnationalpark.Locatedanhour’sdrivesout

hofSydney,thebeachesareunspoilt,crowd-freeandgreatforsurfingorswimming.There’sdramaticsceneryalongthewaywitharangeofuniqueheritageattractions.Bushwal

king,boating,canoeingandfishingarealsopopularactivities.FeatherdaleWildlifeParkLocated45minuteswestofSydney,Featherdalehastheworld’sl

argestcollectionofAustraliannativebirds,mammals(哺乳动物)andreptiles(爬行动物).Situatedinabushlandenvironment,Feather

daleprovidesauniqueopportunityforup-closeanimalinteractions(交往).Hand-feedakangaroo,havebreakfastwithakoalaandcheckoutahugevar

ietyofspeciesincludingdingos,emus,penguinsandmore.TheHawkesburyRiverAnhournorth-westofSydney,theHawkesbur

yisoneofNewSouthWales’best-keptsecrets.Experiencewhatthispicturesqueregionofwaterways,farmlandandnationalparkshastooffer—fromwaterskiingand

bushwalkingtohorseriding,rivercruisesandretailtherapy.1.WhatcanyoudowhenvisitingScenicWorld?A.Ridehorses.B.Hand-feedakan

garoo.C.Gosurfing.D.Climbmountains.2.Ifyouareananimallover,youcangoto________.A.ScenicWorldB.RoyalNationalParkC.TheHawkesburyRiverD.FeatherdaleWildl

ifePark3.WhatdoRoyalNationalParkandTheHawkesburyRiverhaveincommon?A.Bothcanbereachedbycablecars.B.Visitorscangoswimmingandfish

ing.C.Bushwalkingisavailableonthetwotrips.D.Visitorscanenjoybeautifulmountainscenery.【答案】1.D2.D3.C【解析】【分析】本文为应用文。文章介绍了澳大利亚远离

城市的四处旅游胜地。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段第一句OnavisittotheWorldheritage-listedBlueMountains可知，在这里可以登山，再根据第三句Besidesclimbing,yo

ucanchoosecablecars,elevatedboardwalksortheScenicRailway—theworld’ssteepesttraintravellingthrougharocktunnel,toreachthemountaintop.也可

知是可以登山。故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四段Located45minuteswestofSydney,Featherdalehastheworld’slargestcollectionofAustraliannativebirds,mammals(哺乳动物)andre

ptiles(爬行动物).可知，在FeatherdaleWildlifePark可以看到很多澳大利亚本土的鸟，哺乳动物和爬行动物等，所以如果是动物爱好者应该来这里，故选D。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段Bushwalking,boating,canoeingandfishinga

realsopopularactivities.以及最后一段Experiencewhatthispicturesqueregionofwaterways,farmlandandnationalparkshastooffer—fromwaterskii

ngandbushwalkingtohorseriding,rivercruisesandretailtherapy.可知，这两处的共同之处是都可以bushwalking，故选C。【点睛】本篇文章脉络清晰，层次分明，学生很容

易根据题干中的关键词定位到文章中的相应段落，所以难度很小。但是第三小题需要仔细阅读。根据题干中的关键词RoyalNationalParkandTheHawkesburyRiverhaveincommon可以快读定位到文章的第二和第四个景点介绍：Bushwalking,boating,canoei

ngandfishingarealsopopularactivities.和fromwaterskiingandbushwalkingtohorseriding,rivercruisesandretailtherapy.也很容易发现相同的

活动有bushwalking。BIt’s3o’clockandyou’vebeenhardatwork.Asyousitatyourdesk,astrongdesireforchocolateovercomesyou.Youtrytobusyyourselftomake

itgoaway.Butitdoesn’t.Hereisanothersituation.Perhapsyouarenotfeelingwell.Theonlythingyouwanttoeatisabigbowlofchick

ensoup,likeyourmumusedtomakewhenyouweresickasachild.Foodcravingsareastrongdesireforaspecifictypeoffood.Andtheyarenormal.Scientists

atthewebsiteHowStuffWorkscomparehungerandcravingsthisway.Hungerisafairlysimpleconnectionbetweenthestomachandthebrain.Theyevencallit

simply“stomachhunger”.Whenourstomachsburnupallofthefoodwehaveeaten,ahormone(激素)sendsamessagetoonepartofthebrainformorefood,whichregulat

esourmostbasicbodyfunctionssuchasthirst,hungerandsleep.Thebrainthenproducesachemicaltostarttheappetiteandyoueat.Hungeris

afunctionofsurvival.Acravingismorecomplex.Itactivatesbrainareasrelatedtoemotion,memoryandreward.Thesearethesameareasofthebrain

activatedduringdrug-cravingstudies.Becauseofthis,somescientistscallfoodcravings“mindhunger”.Peopleoftencravefoodsthatarehighinfatandsugar

.Foodsthatarehighinfatorhighinsugarproducechemicalsinthebrain.Thesechemicalsgiveusfeelingsofpleasure.Ina2007study,researchersatCam

bridgeUniversityfoundthatdietingorrestrictedeatinggenerallyincreasesthepossibilityoffoodcravings.So,themoreyoudenyyourselfafo

odthatyouwant,themoreyoumaycraveit.However,fasting(禁食)isabitdifferent.Theyfoundthateatingnofoodatallforashortperiod

oftimelessenedfoodcravings.So,thenexttimeyoucravesomethingveryspecific,knowthatyourbrainmaybemoretoblamethanyourstomach.4.Whatisthefunctionofthef

irstparagraph?A.Todeepentheunderstandingofhunger.B.Toleadtothetopicofthewholepassage.C.Toreportthediscoveryofcravingstudy.D.Torem

indreadersoftheirownspecialfood.5.Whatdowelearnaboutfoodcravings?A.Itmeansthestomachfunctionswell.B.Itensuresapersonsurviveshunge

r.C.Itshowsfoodislinkedtofeelings.D.Itprovesthebraindecidesyourappetite.6.What’sthelikelyresultofdieting?A.Theinc

reaseoffooddesire.B.Thedecreaseofchemicals.C.Therefusaloffatandsugar.D.Thedisappearanceofappetite.7.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydis

cuss?A.Thefindingsoffoodcravings.B.Whathungerisallabout.C.Thefunctionsofbrainareas.D.Whatdietingmaybringus.【答案】4.B5.C6.A7.A【解析】本文主要谈论饮

食冲动的研究结果。食物与感觉是有关系的，节食的结果会导致食欲的增加。【4题详解】B目的意图题。根据第一段最后一句Foodcravingsareastrongdesireforaspecifictypeoffood.Andtheyarenormal.

可知，第一段是为了引出整篇文章的话题。故选B。【5题详解】C推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句Foodcravingsareastrongdesireforaspecifictypeoffood.Andtheyarenormal.可知，食物与感觉是有关系的。

故选C。【6题详解】A推理判断题。根据倒数第二段第一句Ina2007study,researchersatCambridgeUniversityfoundthat“dietingorrestrictedeatinggenerallyincreasesthepossib

ilityoffoodcraving.可知，节食的结果会导致食欲的增加。故选A。【7题详解】A主旨大意题。根据最后一段So,thenexttimeyoucravesomethingveryspecific,knowthatyourbrainmaybemoretoblameth

anyourstomach.可知，本文主要谈论饮食冲动的研究结果。CWhatwoulditbeliketobeabletorememberanythingyoueverlearned?Woulditbeablessing

oracurse?Sincetheearly20thcentury,psychologistshaveidentifiedcountlesscasesofpeoplewithsupermemoriesthatallowthemtolearnandretain(保持)newinform

ationwithtotalaccuracy.ThemostfamouswasSolomonSherashevski,thesubjectofAlexanderLuria’sclassicbook,TheMindofaMnemonist(记

忆大师).Sherashevskicouldrecallanamazingnumberoffactsduetohistalentforeideticimagery(照相式记忆),whichallowedhimtorecallsights,sou

nds,smellsetc.Sadlyenough,heseemedtohavesignificantdifficultylivinganormallifeduetohisinabilitytoforgetanythinghelearnedandthecontinualdaydrea

mingcausedbyhisconstantrecall.Therearecertainlyothermnemonists,whosememoryfeats(功绩)arealsosurprisinglyimpressive.Strangelyenoughthough,researchsu

ggeststheseprofessionalmnemonistsarenobetterthanaveragepeople’speakingofrememberingeventsoutoftheirownlives.Butthe

rearealsopeoplewhosememoriesseemtoworkdifferently.Theyareabletorecallalmosteverymomentoftheirliveseventheearlychildhood,aconditio

ncommonlycalledhyperthymesia(超忆症).Unlikemnemonists,peoplewithhyperthymesiadon’trelyonanytechniquestomemo

rize,itseemstohappenautomatically.Whilenoformerstudieshavefoundthereasons,arecentlaboratorytestshowstheyaren’tanybetterthanaveragepeopleintermsof

learningnewinformation.RecentlyNeuropsychologypresentsastudyofa63-year-oldmanidentifiedas“MM”.Hedidn’trealizehismemoryskill

suntil29whenhefoundhecouldrecalleventsfromAmericanhistorywithamazingaccuracy.Despitehissuperiormemory,hislifese

emedcompletelyunaffected.Hedidpoorlyinschool,nofriendsatall.Besides,thoughhisrecallresembledthatofpeoplewithhy

perthymesia,hismemoriesweren’tquiteasvivid.Sofarthereisn’tenoughinformationtomakeanyrealconclusionsaboutthesupermemory.However,asnewstudiesbec

omeavailable,wearesuretolearnaboutwhatmakesthesebrainssounusual.8.WhatmadeitdifficultforSherashevskitoliveanormallife?A.Hispoorsocial

skills.B.Hisgreatinterestinhistory.C.Hisinabilitytoforgetthings.D.Hisearlychildhoodexperience.9.Peoplewithhype

rthymesiadifferfrommnemonistsinthat________.A.theyrememberthingswithoutintentionB.theycountontechniquestomemorizeC.th

eyarebetteratlearningnewinformationD.theycan’trecallasvividlyasmnemonists10.Whatcanbelearnedfromthepa

ssage?A.Formerstudieshavefoundtherootsforunusualmemory.B.It’shardtotellwhethersupermemoryisgoodornot.C.MM’slifehasbeengreatlyimprove

dbyhismemory.D.Supermemorycontributestobetteracademicperformance.11.Whereisthepassageprobablytakenfrom?A.Abookreview.B.Apublicspeech.C.Apopular

sciencemagazine.D.Areportonmentalhealth.【答案】8.C9.A10.B11.C【解析】本文为说明文。文章主要介绍了什么是超忆症，超忆症与记忆超群的区别等。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三

段Sadlyenough,heseemedtohavesignificantdifficultylivinganormallifeduetohisinabilitytoforgetanythinghelearnedandthecontinualdaydr

eamingcausedbyhisconstantrecall.可知，使Sherashevski很难过正常生活的是他不能忘记自己所学的任何东西。故选C。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第五段Unlikemnemonists,peoplewit

hhyperthymesiadon’trelyonanytechniquestomemorize,itseemstohappenautomatically.可知，hyperthymesia的人不是是用某种技巧记忆的，他们是自动记忆的，是没有意图的

，所以A正确，B错误。而根据第五段Whilenoformerstudieshavefoundthereasons,arecentlaboratorytestshowstheyaren’tanybett

erthanaveragepeopleintermsoflearningnewinformation.可知，C错误。根据第六段Besides,thoughhisrecallresembledthatofpeoplewithhyperthym

esia,hismemoriesweren’tquiteasvivid.可知，D项错误。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第七段Sofarthereisn’tenoughinformationtomakeanyrealconclusionsaboutthesupermemory.可知，目

前对于这种超忆症还不能评判好坏，因此B正确。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段Sincetheearly20thcentury,psychologistshaveidentifiedcountlesscasesofpeoplewithsupermemoriesthatallowthemtol

earnandretain(保持)newinformationwithtotalaccuracy.陈述心理学家的发现以及最后一段However,asnewstudiesbecomeavailable,w

earesuretolearnaboutwhatmakesthesebrainssounusual.可以判断出本文与科学研究有关，出自科学杂志。容易误选D项，本文并不是一篇有关大脑健康的报告，只是讲述超忆症、超忆症的表现和记忆超群的区别。D

MarkTwainhasbeencalledtheinventoroftheAmericannovel.Andhesurelydeservesadditionalpraise:themanwhopopularizedthecl

everliteraryattackonracism.Isaycleverbecauseanti-slaveryfictionhadbeentheimportantpartoftheliteratureintheyearsbeforethe

CivilWar.H.B.Stowe’sUncleTom’sCabinisonlythemostfamousexample.Theseearlystoriesdealtdirectlywithslav

ery.Withminorexceptions,Twainplantedhisattacksonslaveryandprejudiceintotalesthatwereonthesurfaceaboutsomethi

ngelseentirely.Hedrewhisreadersintotheargumentbydrawingthemintothestory.Againandagain,inthepostwaryears,Twainseemedforcedtodealwiththechallengeofrac

e.OnlyafewbookshavebeenkickedofftheshelvesasoftenasHuckleberryFinn,Twain’smostwidelyreadtale.Onceuponatime,peoplehatedthebookbecauseitstruckthe

masrude.MorerecentlythebookhasbeenattackedbecauseofthecharacterJim,theescapedslave,andmanyoccurrencesofthewordnigger.Buttheattackswereandaresill

y—andmissthepoint.Thenovelisstronglyanti-slavery.Jim’ssearchthroughtheslavestatesforthefamilyfromwhomhehasbeenforciblypartedisheroic.AsJ.Chadwickhas

pointedout,thecharacterofJimwasafirstinAmericanfiction—arecognitionthattheslavehadtwopersonalities,“thevoiceofsurvivalwithi

nawhiteslavecultureandthevoiceoftheindividual:Jim,thefatherandtheman.”Thereismuchmore.Twain’smysterynovelPudd’n-headW

ilsonstoodasachallengetotheracialbeliefsofevenmanyoftheliberalsofhisday.WrittenatatimewhentheacceptedwisdomheldNegroestobei

nferior(低等的)towhites,especiallyinintelligence,Twain’stalecenteredinpartaroundtwobabiesswitchedatbirth.Aslavegavebirth

tohermaster’sbabyand,forfearthatthechildshouldbesoldSouth,switchedhimforthemaster’sbabybyhiswife.Theslave’slight-skinnedchi

ldwastakentobewhiteandgrewupwithboththeattitudesandtheeducationoftheslave-holdingclass.Themaster’swife’sbabywastakenforblackandgrewupwiththeatt

itudesandintonationsoftheslave.Thepointwasdifficulttomiss:nurture(养育),notnature,wasthekeytosocialstatus.Thefeaturesoftheblackmantha

tprovidedthestuffofprejudice—mannerofspeech,forexample—were,toTwain,indicativeofnothingotherthantheconditio

ningthatslaveryforcedonitsvictims.12.HowdoTwain’snovelsonslaverydifferfromStowe’s?A.Twainwasmorewillingtodealwithracism.B.Twain’sattackonracism

wasmuchlessopen.C.Twain’sthemesseemedtoagreewithplots.D.Twainwasopenlyconcernedwithracism.13.RecentcriticismofAdven

turesofHuckleberryFinnarosepartlyfromits________.A.targetreadersatthebottomB.antislaveryattitudeC.rat

herimpolitelanguageD.frequentuseof“nigger”14.WhatbestprovesTwain’santislaverystandaccordingtotheauthor?A.Jim’ssearchforhisfa

milywasdescribedindetail.B.Theslave’svoicewasfirstheardinAmericannovels.C.Jimgrewupintoamanandafatherinthewhiteculture.D.Twainsuspec

tedthattheslaveswerelessintelligent.15.Thestoryoftwobabiesswitchedmainlyindicatesthat________.A.slaveswereforcedtogiveuptheirbabiestotheirmasters

B.slavesbabiescouldpickupslaveholderswayofspeakingC.blackssocialpositionwasshapedbyhowtheywerebroughtupD.bla

ckswerebornwithcertainfeaturesofprejudice【答案】12.B13.D14.C15.C【解析】【分析】本篇为议论文。文章对马克·吐温的小说没有对奴隶制和(种族)偏见进行抨击这种说法进行了驳斥，并通过马克·吐温最著名的小说《哈克贝利费恩历险记

》说明他是反对奴隶制的。【12题详解】推理判断题。由第二段的Twainplantedhisattacksonslaveryandprejudiceintotalesthatwereonthesurfaceaboutsomethingelseentirely.可知，马克·吐温的

小说表面上完全是谈其他事情，而实际上故事中植入了对奴隶制和(种族)偏见的抨击。其他早期小说用的是直接抨击方式(dealtdirectlywithslavery)。因此B项说他的小说对种族歧视的抨击非常不明显是恰当的，由此排除C、D两项；由第三段第一句中的“fo

rced”可知A项不对。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据关键词AdventuresofHuckleberryFinn可定位到第三段，由Morerecentlythebookhasbeenattacked

becauseofmanyoccurrencesofthewordnigger.可知，答案为D项。A、C项都是以前人们对该书的评价；B项无依据。【14题详解】细节理解题。由第四段的末句thecharacterofJimwasafirst

inAmericanfiction—arecognitionthattheslavehadtwopersonalities可知，答案为C项，养育的环境是决定人的社会地位的关键，为此，马克吐温将小说中的一个人物Jim设定为成长在白人文化中的一个人，

A、D项叙述与原文不符；B项未提及。【15题详解】推理判断题。第五段讲到Twain’smysterynovelasachallengetotheracialbeliefs，而下一段的Thepointwasdifficu

lttomiss：nurture(养育),notnature,wasthekeytosocialstatus.是对achallengetotheracialbeliefs的进一步解释。故只有C项符合要求。其他各项都是对第五

段的字面意思的理解。【点睛】细节事实理解题主要考查考生对文章中某一些特定细节或文章的重要事实的理解能力。它一般包括直接理解题和语义理解题两种。直接理解题的答案与原文直接挂钩，从阅读材料中可以找到。此外，在阅读中可以使用定位法与跳读法

解决细节理解题。定位法即根据题干和选项所提供的信息直接从原文中找到相应的句子(即定位)，然后进行比较和分析(尤其要注意一些同义转换)，从而找出正确答案。跳读法即根据题干和选项所提供的信息跳读原文，并找到相关的句子(有时可能是几个句子)或段落，然后进行分析和推

理等，从而找出正确答案。以本文为例，本题第二小题运用定位法：我们根据题干中“RecentcriticismofAdventuresofHuckleberryFinn…从而直接定位到第三段，再由Morerecentlythebo

okhasbeenattackedbecauseofmanyoccurrencesofthewordnigger.可以推知occurrencesofthewordnigger与frequentuseofnigger对应。第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出

能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。StageFrightImaginethatyouareanactorperforminginaplayforthefirsttime.Youhavelearnedallyourlinesandy

ouknowwheretowalkonstage.Waitingbehindtheclosedcurtain,youcanheartheaudiencewhisperingandtakingtheirseats.Thenyourbigmomentarrives!Thecurtai

ngoesup,andthecrowdfallssilent.Allyoucanseeisthespotlightshiningdownonyou.____16____Theinsideofyourm

outhisdry,andyourhandsarewet.Ifyouhaveexperiencedamomentlikethis,youknowalltoowellwhatitmeanstohavestagefright.Itisoneofthemostcommontypesoffearandt

endstostrikepeoplewhentheyfindthemselvesatthecenterofattention._____17_____Peopleexperiencethisfearwhenplay

ingsports,givingapresentation,orevenspeakinginclass.Apersonwhosuffersfromstagefrightmaygetsweatyhands,adrymouth,atightthroat,orshak

yknees.Stagefrightisactuallyaformofpanic,andthesefeelingsareveryreal.___18___Theexperiencediffersfrompe

rsontoperson,butthesamechemicalprocessoccursineachofus.Inreactiontoanxiety,ourbodiesproduceachemicalth

atpreparesustoeitherfightorrunawayquickly.Scientistsrefertothisasourbodies’“fightorflight”reaction.Asaresult,wefeelgr

eatenergythatmakesourhandssweat,ourheartsrace,andourkneesshake.___19___Practicingyourperformanceandfollowi

ngsomesimpletipscanhelpcalmnervesandmanagethefeelingscausedbyanxiety.First,dresscomfortablyandappropriately.Second,beforetheperformance,takedeepbreat

hsandstretchtohelprelaxyourbody.Third,stayawayfromdrinksthatcontaincaffeine._____20_____Instead,tryabanana!Somedoctorsbelievethateatingab

ananacanhelpcalmyourheartandtherestofyourbody.Finally,whenyoulookintoacrowd,trytofocusonparticularpeopleinsteadofthewho

legroup.Thesetipshavehelpedmanypeoplelearntodealwiththeirfears.A.Thesemightmakeyourheartraceevenfaster.B.Youdon’thavetobeons

tagetogetstagefright.C.Stagefrightispartofthebody’sreactiontostress.D.Youtrytospeakyourlines,butnothingseemstocomeout.E.Withpractice,wecanlearnho

wtorelaxwhileplayingsports.F.Thegoodnewsaboutstagefrightisthatherearewaystodealwithit.G.However,thereisatimewhenstagefrightpreventsyoufromstepp

ingonstage.【答案】16.D17.B18.C19.F20.A【解析】【分析】本文为说明文。介绍了怯场是人的常见恐惧之一，不一定在舞台上，其他场合也可能会怯场，本文对此提供了一些解决怯场的小建议。【16题

详解】根据前文：你上场了，聚光灯照在你身上，因此，你要开始表演了。再根据后文Theinsideofyourmouthisdry,andyourhandsarewet.（你的嘴里是干的，你的手是湿的。）可知，你很紧张，故前面肯定是说什么都说不出来，故选

D。【17题详解】根据后文Youcanexperiencethiskindoffearwhenplayingsports,givingatalk,orevenspeakinginclass.可知，不一定是在舞台上才会体会到怯场，在打比赛时，演讲时甚至是在班级讲话时，都会感受到这一恐

惧，故选B。【18题详解】本空是属于主题句。本段频繁出现关键词reaction，怯场只是身体对压力做出的反应，故选C。【19题详解】本空属于主题句。根据后一句Practicingyourperformanceandfollowingsomesimpletipscanhelpyoucalmdow

nandmanagethefeelingscausedbyanxiety.可知，作者提出了有办法来让你镇静下来，解决你的怯场问题，故选F。【20题详解】根据前一句stayawayfromdrinksthatcontaincaf

feine(咖啡因).可知，咖啡因会让人更加兴奋，心跳更快，肯定不会镇静下来，故答案为A。【点睛】七选五解题技巧通读文章，首要关注文章的首段与末段，尤其是文章的这两段的末尾句，因为“开门见山”与“末尾点题”的写作方式是最为常见的，首段的末句一般是全文的

主题所在，说明本文将探讨哪些内容，并简要指出文章的写作思路，有时甚至会以提纲的形式进行呈现。首段的末句对于快速掌握文章的主题具有重要意义，如果它是文章的主题句，就可以使读者迅速明确文章情节将如何展开，并对文章的写作主题有了整体的了解

。如果末句不是主题句，则需要继续寻找。这时，可以考虑文章的写作方式是否为“结尾总结”式，如两者均可排除，则需在文章中其他段落寻找主题句，但要注意首段与末段的提示作用。解题策略1）从意思上判断在做题时最重要的是要读懂空白前后的句子，正确理解了这些句子后，根据意思的连贯性、逻辑性或

者线索词从选项中选取正确答案。在读懂意思的基础上，再利用线索特征词等进一步确认答案。2）从词汇上锁定线索保持对一些线索词的敏感是非常重要的，要好好关注空白前后的名词和动词，然后在选项中查找它们的近义词、反义词、同义词、同类词等。其次是一些专有名词，比如说数词、代词、时间、年代、

地点/名称等。尤其是在读不懂句子的情况下，利用这样的线索词寻找答案是很有效的方法。3）从关联词作为切入点通常，英语的句段之间经常会运用关联词表示过渡和衔接，让文章的思路更清楚、逻辑更连贯，因此文章中和选项中表示各种逻辑关系的路标性信号词在选择答案时都是很重要的线索。在做题时可将这三

个层面的线索很好地结合起来。如此题的第3，4题都属于主题句，这两题的解题方法基本一样，即抓中心词，从词汇上锁定主题。如第3题本段频繁出现关键词reaction，怯场只是身体对压力做出的反应，第4题根据后一句Practicingyourperformanceandfollowingsom

esimpletipscanhelpyoucalmdownandmanagethefeelingscausedbyanxiety.可知，作者提出了可以帮你镇静下来的几种办法，故前面一句是先提出有方法可以解决你的怯场问题，选F。第三部分英

语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节完形填空（共20小题；每题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A,B,C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。WhenIwasateenager,mydaddidevery

thinghecouldtodiscouragemefrombecomingabrewer(酿酒师).He’dspenthislifeinlocalbreweries,___21___makingal

iving,ashadhisfatherandgrandfatherbeforehim.SoIdidasheasked.Iwenttobusinessschoolandgotahighlypaidjobatabusiness-consultingfirm.___

22___,afterworkingtherefiveyears,Iwashauntedby___23___.IsthiswhatIwanttobedoingwhenI’m50?Irememberedt

hatsometimebefore,mydadhadbeencleaningouttheatticand___24___someoldbeer___25___.“Today’sbeeris___26___waterthatcanholdahead,”he

’dtoldme.Iagreed.Americanspaygoodmoneyfor___27___beer,Ithought.WhynotmakegoodbeerforAmericansusingmyfamil

yway?Idecidedtoquitmyjobtobecomeabrewer.WhenItoldDad,Iwashopinghe’dputhisarmaroundmeandget___28___aboutcontinuingtradition.Insteadhesaid,“Jim,thati

sthe___29___thingI’veeverheard!”____30____Dadobjected,intheendhebecamemynewcompany’sfirst____31____,coughingup(支付)$40,000whenIopenedth

eBostonBeerCompanyin1984.Goingfrommyfancyofficetobeingabrewerwaslikemountainclimbing:exciting,liberatingand____32____.Allmysafetynetswerego

ne.Oncethebeerwasmade,Ifacedmybiggest____33____yet:noonehadeverheardofit.Ineededanamethatwas____34____andelegant,soIcalledmybeerSamuelAdams,____35__

__thebrewerandpatriot(爱国者)whohelpedtofoundtheBostonTeaParty.Theonlywaytogetthewordout,Irealized,wastoselldirect.

Ifilledmybriefcasewithbeerand____36____everybarinBoston.Sixweekslater,attheGreatAmericanBeerFestival,SamAdamsBostonLagerwontheto

pprizeforAmericanbeer.Therestishistory.Itwasn’tsupposedto____37____thisway—whateverdoes?—butintheendIwas____38____tobeabrewer.Myadv

icetoallyoungentrepreneursissimple:lifeisverylong,sodon’t____39____tomakedecisions.Lifedoesn’tletyou____40____.21.A.barelyB.easilyC

.sufficientlyD.adequately22.A.ThoughB.OtherwiseC.StillD.Anyhow23.A.fearB.doubtC.regretD.desire24.A.cameacrossB.pickedoutC.putdownD.broughta

bout25.A.receiptsB.cansC.recipesD.labels26.A.exactlyB.particularlyC.roughlyD.basically27.A.inferiorB.superbC.fakeD

.sour28.A.miserableB.amusedC.excitedD.concerned29.A.dumbestB.smartestC.toughestD.rudest30.A.AssoonasB.AsmuchasC.AsfarasD

.Aslongas31.A.employerB.customerC.investorD.salesman32.A.inspiringB.relaxingC.pushingD.frightening33.A.opportunityB.decisionC.obstacleD.

defeat34.A.respectableB.honorableC.recognizableD.understandable35.A.afterB.byC.asD.for36.A.hitB.gotC.calledD.promoted37.A.makeoutB.reac

houtC.setoutD.workout38.A.appointedB.destinedC.consideredD.intended39.A.hesitateB.needC.waitD.rush40.A.dela

yB.dreamC.planD.prepare【答案】21.A22.C23.B24.A25.C26.D27.A28.C29.A30.B31.C32.D33.C34.C35.A36.A37.D38.B39.D40.C【解析】本文为记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者转行做酿酒师的人生感悟。【21题详解

】考查副词词意。根据前文mydaddideverythinghecouldtodiscouragemefrombecomingabrewer(酿酒师)可知，父亲不喜欢酿酒师这个职业，不希望作者当酿酒师，

由此可以推断他几乎不能养家糊口。A.barely几乎不；B.easily容易地；C.sufficiently足够地；D.adequately足够地；适当地，故选A。【22题详解】考查副词。根据语境IsthiswhatIwanttobedoingwhenI’m50?可知，作者在怀疑自己是否

50岁了还可以继续自己现在的事业？由此可知，工作五年后作者仍然对自己的工作充满怀疑。A.Though虽然，尽管；B.Otherwise否则，不然；C.Still仍然；D.Anyhow无论如何，故选C。【23题详解】考查名词。根据下文的问题可知，作者是对自己的工作持怀

疑态度。A.fear害怕；B.doubt怀疑；C.regret后悔；D.desire渴望，故选B。【24题详解】考查动词短语。根据语境可知，在清扫阁楼时偶然找到了一份啤酒的配方。A.cameacross偶然遇

到；B.pickedout挑出；C.putdown放下；D.broughtabout发生，故选A。【25题详解】考查名词。根据下文作者父亲的评论以及WhynotmakegoodbeerforAmericansusingmyfamilyway?可知，这里找到的是家

族的有关啤酒的配方。A.receipts收据；收条；B.cans罐子；C.recipes配方；D.labels标签。故选C。【26题详解】考察副词。根据下文Iagreed.Americanspaygoodmoneyfor___7___beer,Ithought.Why

notmakegoodbeerforAmericansusingmyfamilyway?可知，现在的啤酒基本上都是水，只是面上有一些泡沫。A.exactly准确地；B.particularly特别地；C.roughly粗略地

；D.basically主要地。从根本上说，故选D。【27题详解】考查形容词。根据上文Today’sbeeris___6___waterthatcanholdahead,”可知，啤酒的质量差。A.inferior（质量等）低劣的；下级的，下等的；B.superb极好的；华

丽的；丰盛的；C.fake赝品，假的；D.sour酸的。故选A。【28题详解】考查形容词。根据语境可知，Insteadhesaid,“Jim,thatisthe___9___thingI’veeverheard!”以

及Dadobjected可知，作者是期望父亲为自己的决定感到高兴，然而事实却不是这样。A.miserable令人痛苦的，卑鄙的；B.amused愉快的；C.excited兴奋的；D.concerned担心的。故选C。【29题详解】考查形容词。根据后文

Dadobjected可知，父亲认为这是我做的最愚蠢的决定。A.dumbest愚蠢的；B.smartest明智的；C.toughest艰难的；D.rudest粗鲁的。故选A。【30题详解】考查连词。根据语境可知，虽然父亲尽全力反对我，但最终还是支持我了。A.Assoonas一…

…就；B.Asmuchas和……一样，虽然；C.Asfaras和……一样远；D.Aslongas只要，所以选B。【31题详解】考查名词。根据下文coughingup(支付)$40,000whenIopenedthe

BostonBeerCompanyin1984.可知，父亲成了我的第一位投资者。A.employer雇主；B.customer顾客；C.investor投资者；D.salesman销售员。故选C。【32题详解】考查形容词。根据后文Allmysafetynetsweregone.可知，从

条件舒适的办公室出来，去做一名酿酒人，就像爬山一样：令人振奋，感到自由，但又觉得有些害怕。因为我所有的安全保护网都撤掉了。A.inspiring鼓舞人心的；B.relaxing令人放松的；C.pushing莽撞的；D

.frightening令人害怕的。故选D。【33题详解】考查名词。根据语境可知，一旦啤酒酿造出来后，我面临的最大问题就是：如何将它送到消费者手中。A.opportunity机会；B.decision决定；C.obstacle障碍；D.defeat打败。故选C。【34题

详解】考查形容词。根据后文作者为他的啤酒起了响亮的名字可知，他需要为它的啤酒取一个响亮而又高雅的名字。A.respectable可敬的；B.honorable光荣的，可敬的；C.recognizable可识别的，可承认的；D.understandable可理解的

。故选C。【35题详解】考查短语搭配。“根据什么命名”用nameafter，故选A。【36题详解】考查动词词义。根据语境可知，作者公文包里装满啤酒，转遍了波士顿的各个酒吧，所以用hit。A.hit击打，到达，去某地；B.got得到；C.called打电话；D.promoted促进，提升。故

选A。【37题详解】考查动词短语。此处表示结果本不应该是这样子的，因为一开始作者的父亲是不想让作者当酿酒师的。A.makeout理解，辨认出；B.reachout伸出；C.setout动身，着手；D.workou

t解决，产生结果，故选D。【38题详解】考查动词。根据原文内容，作者最终还是当了酿酒师，由此可以断定，自己命中注定会当酿酒师。A.appointed任命；B.destined命中注定的；C.considered被认为是；

D.intended打算。故选B。【39题详解】考查动词。根据原文作者的经历可知，作者的建议是“不要急于做决定”。A.hesitate犹豫；B.need需要；C.wait等待；D.rush冲，故选D。【40题详解】考查名词。根据前文内容“不要急于做决定”，可知作者是想表

达“人的一生很长久，生活不一定按你的计划进行”。A.delay拖延；B.dream梦想；C.plan计划；D.prepare准备，故选C。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1

个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。ThenationalcollegeentranceexaminRussia，UnifiedStateExam，willincludeChineseas___41___electiveforeignla

nguagestartingfrom2019．ChinesewillbecomethefifthelectivetestitemfortheUnifiedStateExam___42___(follow)English，Germa

n，FrenchandSpanish．ThenumberofChineselearnersinRussia___43___(grow)quicklyinthepastdecade，accordingtoasurvey___

44___(conduct)byalinguisticresearchcenterinRussia．ApproachestolearningChinesevaryfrompersontoperson，___45___moreandmorepeoplechoosi

nguniversitycoursesinRussia．Thethree-hour-longChinesetestwillquizstudentson___46___(they)listening，reading，andwritingabili

tiesandafourthsectionwillexaminestudentsongrammar，vocabularyandChinese___47___(character)．Somepartsintheexamareevenalittlebitdifficultfornative

Chinesespeakers．AccordingtotheOfficeofChineseLanguageCouncilInternational(Hanban)7asof2017，some100million

people，excludingnativespeakers，useChinese___48___(global)．TheUnitedNations(UN)in2010suggestedaChineseLanguageDay___49___fallsonApril20eachyear____50

____(celebrate)culturaldiversityaswellastopromotetheequaluseofa11officiallanguages．【答案】41.an42.following43.

hasgrown44.conducted45.with46.their47.characters48.globally49.which/that50.tocelebrate【解析】本文是一篇说明文，2019年俄罗斯高考中将新增加汉语作为外语考试科目

之一，这充分体现了汉语在全球的地位不断上升。【41题详解】考查冠词。这里表示“一门或一种选修语言”，表泛指，由于elective以元音音素开头。故填an。【42题详解】考查现在分词。本句已经存在谓语动词且句中没有连词，故follow

做非谓语与逻辑主语构成主谓关系，故用现在分词形式following。故填following。【43题详解】考查时态及主谓一致。根据时间状语inthepastdecade可知，本句需要用现在完成时；由于本句主语为number，因此谓语动词用单数形式。故填入ha

sgrown。【44题详解】考查非谓语动词。conduct本句中做非谓语与逻辑主语构成被动，表示该调查“被进行”，因此填入过去分词形式conducted。故填conducted。【45题详解】考查介词。句意：学习方法因人而异,有越来

越多的人选择俄罗斯的大学课程。分析句子可知，本句为with的复合结构作状语，因此填入介词with。故填with。【46题详解】考查代词。形容词性物主代词修饰名词listening。故填their。【47题详解】考查名词复

数。这里表示考查汉字（Chinesecharacters），character为可数名词，应该用复数形式表示多个汉字。故填characters。【48题详解】考查副词。这里需要一个副词来修饰前面的动词use。故填globally。【49题详解】考查定语从句。本空格前面的Chines

eLanguageDay为先行词，后面是一个限制性定语从句，先行词在后面的限制性定语从句作主语。故填which/that。【50题详解】考查动词不定式。此处aswellas连接两个并列的成分，故填入动词不定式形式tocelebrate，在句中作目的状语。故填tocelebrate。第四

部分：写作(共两节，满分35分)第一节短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一

个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(Λ)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2．只允许修改10处，多者

(从第11处起)不计分。Everymorningandevening,manypeoplegathertodanceinourcommunitysquare,whereisdesignedtoimprovelivingqua

lity.Althoughdancingcoulddogoodtotheirhealth,butthelong-timedancingandloudnoisecausingbytheloudspeaker

reallybroughttheneighborsinconvenience.Icouldn’trestorsleepwell,whichmademeterribleupset.IfeltsuchsleepyinclassthatIperformedbadlyins

tudy.Tosolveaproblem,Icommunicatedwiththeorganizersandsuggestedthattheyshouldshortenthedancetimeandreducedthemusicnoise.Onlydoingsocantheyhavef

unandletothersenjoylife.Totheirdelight,theyadoptedmyadvices.【答案】1.where→which2.去掉but3.causing→caused4

.terrible→terribly5.such→so6.a→the7.reduced→reduce8.doingso前加by9.their→my10.advices→advice【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述广场舞影响了作者

的生活，导致上课犯困学习不好，作者与组织者交流建议他们缩短跳舞的时间并降低音乐声，作者的建议被采纳。【详解】1、考查定语从句。句意：每天早晚，许多人聚集在我们的社区广场跳舞，广场被设计是为了提高生活质量。分析句子可知，此处是非限制性定

语从句，先行词是ourcommunitysquare，从句中缺少主语，引导非限制性定语从句，用关系代词which。故将where改为which。2、考查连词。英语句子中although与but不能同时使用，故去掉but。3、考查过去分词。句意：虽然跳舞对他们的健康有好处

，但长时间的跳舞和扬声器引起的巨响确实给邻居带来了不便。分析句子可知，causedbytheloudspeaker作定语，用非谓语动词形式，修饰loudnoise，cause与逻辑主语noise是被动关系，用过去分词作定语，故将causing改为caused。4、考查副词。修饰形容词upse

t用副词作状语，故将terrible改为terribly。5、考查sothat句型。such是形容词，修饰名词作定语；so是副词，修饰形容词sleepy作状语，故将such改为so。6、考查冠词。根据语境可

知，此处特指上文提到的事情，广场舞的噪音影响我的生活这件事，故将a改为the。7、考查虚拟语气。suggest表示“建议”，其后的宾语从句用虚拟语气，谓语动词用should+动词原形，should可以省略，and连接谓语动词shorten和reduce，故将reduced改为re

duce。8、考查介词。bydoingsth.“通过做某事”是固定短语，故doingso前加by。9、考查代词。句意：让我高兴的是，他们采纳了我的建议。由下文myadvice可知，此处指“让我高兴的是”，

故将their改为my。10、考查名词。advice是不可数名词，故将advices改为advice。第二节书面表达(25分)52.假定你是李华，你的美国朋友Peter想提高中文水平，进一步了解中国文化。请给他写一封信，推荐学习资源(re

source)。内容包括：1．学习资源：报纸、杂志及其他途径；2．推荐理由；3．表达祝愿。注意：1．词数100左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。DearPeter，__________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________

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__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua【答案】DearP

eter,IamgladtohearthatyouareeagertoimproveyourChineseandknowmoreaboutChineseculture.It'smypleasuretorecommendsome

resourcestoyou.①Readingsomepopularnewspapersandmagazines,suchasSouthernWeekly,isthefirstchoice,fromwhichyoucangetlotsofinformationaboutChinesec

ustoms.Besides,thereareotherwaystoexperiencetheChineselanguageandcultureontheInternet,onTVorwithsomeapps.Theintere

stingnewsandstoriesintheseresourcesaresoamazingthatyouwillneverfeelbored.Iamsureyoucanbenefitalotfromthem.②Isincerelyhopeth

atyoucanmakegreatprogressinlearningChineseandhaveabetterunderstandingofChineseculture.Yours,LiHua【解析

】【分析】本文书面表达属于应用文，要求写一封书信。【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，本文是一封书信：假定你是李华，你的美国朋友Peter想提高中文水平，进一步了解中国文化。请给他写一封信，推荐学习资源(resource)。内容包括：1．学习资源

：报纸、杂志及其他途径；2．推荐理由；3．表达祝愿。第2步：根据写作要求确定关键词，如：eagertoimproveyourChinese（渴望提高你的汉语）；SouthernWeekly（南方周末）

；getlotsofinformationaboutChinesecustoms（得到许多关于中国风俗的信息）等。第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态语态问题。第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接

与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。【点睛】本文是一封书信，内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。另外全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。同时文中使用高级句子。Iamgladtohearthatyouareeagertoimp

roveyourChineseandknowmoreaboutChineseculture.此处that引导宾语从句；Readingsomepopularnewspapersandmagazines,suchasSouth

ernWeekly,isthefirstchoice,fromwhichyoucangetlotsofinformationaboutChinesecustoms.句中使用非限制性定语从句；Theinterestingnewsandst

oriesintheseresourcesaresoamazingthatyouwillneverfeelbored.句中so---that引导结果状语从句。