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郸城一高高三2月份空中考试英语试卷第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）略第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。并在答题卡上将该选项涂

黑．AItmayseemhardtoleaveSydney’sattractionsandsights,butwhentheurgearisestoexplorebeyondthecity,manyexcep

tionaldaytripsawaittravelers.ScenicWorldOnavisittotheWorldheritage-listedBlueMountains,enjoycleanfreshairandb

reath-takinglandscapesofancientrainforests.ScenicWorldinKatoombaisthebestwaytoaccessthebeautyofthisregion.Besidesclimbing,you

canchoosecablecars,elevatedboardwalksortheScenicRailway—theworld’ssteepesttraintravellingthrougharocktunnel,toreachthemoun

taintop.RoyalNationalParkEstablishedin1879,theRoyalistheworld’ssecond-oldestnationalpark.Locatedanhour’sdrivesouthofSydney,thebeachesareuns

poilt,crowd-freeandgreatforsurfingorswimming.There’sdramaticsceneryalongthewaywitharangeofuniqueherit

ageattractions.Bushwalking,boating,canoeingandfishingarealsopopularactivities.FeatherdaleWildlifeParkLocated45minuteswestofSydney,Featherdalehasthew

orld’slargestcollectionofAustraliannativebirds,mammals(哺乳动物)andreptiles(爬行动物).Situatedinabushlandenvironment,Featherdaleprovidesauniqueoppo

rtunityforup-closeanimalinteractions(交往).Hand-feedakangaroo,havebreakfastwithakoalaandcheckoutahugevarietyofspeciesinclud

ingdingos,emus,penguinsandmore.TheHawkesburyRiverAnhournorth-westofSydney,theHawkesburyisoneofNewSouthWales’best-ke

ptsecrets.Experiencewhatthispicturesqueregionofwaterways,farmlandandnationalparkshastooffer—fromwaterskiingandbushwalking

tohorseriding,rivercruisesandretailtherapy.1.WhatcanyoudowhenvisitingScenicWorld?A.Ridehorses.B.Hand-feedakangaroo.C.Gosurfi

ng.D.Climbmountains.2.Ifyouareananimallover,youcangoto________.A.ScenicWorldB.RoyalNationalParkC.TheHawkesburyRiverD.FeatherdaleWildlifePar

k3.WhatdoRoyalNationalParkandTheHawkesburyRiverhaveincommon?A.Bothcanbereachedbycablecars.B.Visitorscango

swimmingandfishing.C.Bushwalkingisavailableonthetwotrips.D.Visitorscanenjoybeautifulmountainscenery.【答案】1.D2.D3.C【解

析】【分析】本文为应用文。文章介绍了澳大利亚远离城市的四处旅游胜地。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段第一句OnavisittotheWorldheritage-listedBlueMountains可知

，在这里可以登山，再根据第三句Besidesclimbing,youcanchoosecablecars,elevatedboardwalksortheScenicRailway—theworld’ssteepesttraintravelling

througharocktunnel,toreachthemountaintop.也可知是可以登山。故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四段Located45minuteswestofSydney,Featherdalehastheworld’sl

argestcollectionofAustraliannativebirds,mammals(哺乳动物)andreptiles(爬行动物).可知，在FeatherdaleWildlifePark可以看

到很多澳大利亚本土的鸟，哺乳动物和爬行动物等，所以如果是动物爱好者应该来这里，故选D。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段Bushwalking,boating,canoeingandfishingarealsopopularactivities.以及

最后一段Experiencewhatthispicturesqueregionofwaterways,farmlandandnationalparkshastooffer—fromwaterskiingandbushwalkingtohorseriding,river

cruisesandretailtherapy.可知，这两处的共同之处是都可以bushwalking，故选C。【点睛】本篇文章脉络清晰，层次分明，学生很容易根据题干中的关键词定位到文章中的相应段落，所以难度很小。但是第三小题需要仔细阅读。根

据题干中的关键词RoyalNationalParkandTheHawkesburyRiverhaveincommon可以快读定位到文章的第二和第四个景点介绍：Bushwalking,boating,canoeingandfishingarealsopopularacti

vities.和fromwaterskiingandbushwalkingtohorseriding,rivercruisesandretailtherapy.也很容易发现相同的活动有bushwalking。BIt’s3o’clockandyou’vebeenhardatwork.Asyousit

atyourdesk,astrongdesireforchocolateovercomesyou.Youtrytobusyyourselftomakeitgoaway.Butitdoesn’t.Hereisanothersituation.Pe

rhapsyouarenotfeelingwell.Theonlythingyouwanttoeatisabigbowlofchickensoup,likeyourmumusedtomakewhenyouwere

sickasachild.Foodcravingsareastrongdesireforaspecifictypeoffood.Andtheyarenormal.ScientistsatthewebsiteHowStuffWorkscomparehungerandcrav

ingsthisway.Hungerisafairlysimpleconnectionbetweenthestomachandthebrain.Theyevencallitsimply“stomachhunger”.Whenourstomachsburnupallofthefo

odwehaveeaten,ahormone(激素)sendsamessagetoonepartofthebrainformorefood,whichregulatesourmostbasicbodyfunctionssuchasthirst,h

ungerandsleep.Thebrainthenproducesachemicaltostarttheappetiteandyoueat.Hungerisafunctionofsurvival.Acravingismorecomplex.Itact

ivatesbrainareasrelatedtoemotion,memoryandreward.Thesearethesameareasofthebrainactivatedduringdrug-cra

vingstudies.Becauseofthis,somescientistscallfoodcravings“mindhunger”.Peopleoftencravefoodsthatarehighinfatandsugar.Foodsthat

arehighinfatorhighinsugarproducechemicalsinthebrain.Thesechemicalsgiveusfeelingsofpleasure.Ina2007study,researchersatCambridgeUniversityfoundthatdi

etingorrestrictedeatinggenerallyincreasesthepossibilityoffoodcravings.So,themoreyoudenyyourselfafoodthatyouwant,themoreyo

umaycraveit.However,fasting(禁食)isabitdifferent.Theyfoundthateatingnofoodatallforashortperiodoftimelessened

foodcravings.So,thenexttimeyoucravesomethingveryspecific,knowthatyourbrainmaybemoretoblamethanyourstomach.4.Whatisthefunctionofthefirstpar

agraph?A.Todeepentheunderstandingofhunger.B.Toleadtothetopicofthewholepassage.C.Toreportthediscoveryofcravingstudy

.D.Toremindreadersoftheirownspecialfood.5.Whatdowelearnaboutfoodcravings?A.Itmeansthestomachfunctionswell.B.Itensu

resapersonsurviveshunger.C.Itshowsfoodislinkedtofeelings.D.Itprovesthebraindecidesyourappetite.6.Wha

t’sthelikelyresultofdieting?A.Theincreaseoffooddesire.B.Thedecreaseofchemicals.C.Therefusaloffatandsugar.D.Thedisappearanc

eofappetite.7.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?A.Thefindingsoffoodcravings.B.Whathungerisallabout.C.T

hefunctionsofbrainareas.D.Whatdietingmaybringus.【答案】4.B5.C6.A7.A【解析】本文主要谈论饮食冲动的研究结果。食物与感觉是有关系的，节食的结果会导致食欲的增加。【4题详解】B目的意图题。根据第一段最后一句

Foodcravingsareastrongdesireforaspecifictypeoffood.Andtheyarenormal.可知，第一段是为了引出整篇文章的话题。故选B。【5题详解】C推理判断题

。根据第三段最后一句Foodcravingsareastrongdesireforaspecifictypeoffood.Andtheyarenormal.可知，食物与感觉是有关系的。故选C。【6题详解】A推理判断题。根据倒数第二段第一句Ina2007study,researc

hersatCambridgeUniversityfoundthat“dietingorrestrictedeatinggenerallyincreasesthepossibilityoffoodcra

ving.可知，节食的结果会导致食欲的增加。故选A。【7题详解】A主旨大意题。根据最后一段So,thenexttimeyoucravesomethingveryspecific,knowthatyou

rbrainmaybemoretoblamethanyourstomach.可知，本文主要谈论饮食冲动的研究结果。CWhatwoulditbeliketobeabletorememberanythingyoueverlearned?Woulditbeablessingoracurse?S

incetheearly20thcentury,psychologistshaveidentifiedcountlesscasesofpeoplewithsupermemoriesthatallowthemtolearnandretain(保持)newinformation

withtotalaccuracy.ThemostfamouswasSolomonSherashevski,thesubjectofAlexanderLuria’sclassicbook,TheMindofaMnemo

nist(记忆大师).Sherashevskicouldrecallanamazingnumberoffactsduetohistalentforeideticimagery(照相式记忆),whichallowed

himtorecallsights,sounds,smellsetc.Sadlyenough,heseemedtohavesignificantdifficultylivinganormallifeduetohisinabilitytoforg

etanythinghelearnedandthecontinualdaydreamingcausedbyhisconstantrecall.Therearecertainlyothermnemonists,whosememoryfeats(功绩)a

realsosurprisinglyimpressive.Strangelyenoughthough,researchsuggeststheseprofessionalmnemonistsarenobetterthanaveragepeople’speakingofremember

ingeventsoutoftheirownlives.Buttherearealsopeoplewhosememoriesseemtoworkdifferently.Theyareabletorecallalmosteverymomento

ftheirliveseventheearlychildhood,aconditioncommonlycalledhyperthymesia(超忆症).Unlikemnemonists,peoplewithhyperthymesiadon’trelyonanyt

echniquestomemorize,itseemstohappenautomatically.Whilenoformerstudieshavefoundthereasons,arecentlaboratorytestshowstheyaren’

tanybetterthanaveragepeopleintermsoflearningnewinformation.RecentlyNeuropsychologypresentsastudyofa63-ye

ar-oldmanidentifiedas“MM”.Hedidn’trealizehismemoryskillsuntil29whenhefoundhecouldrecalleventsfromAmer

icanhistorywithamazingaccuracy.Despitehissuperiormemory,hislifeseemedcompletelyunaffected.Hedidpoorlyinschool,nofriendsatall.Besides,thoughhisr

ecallresembledthatofpeoplewithhyperthymesia,hismemoriesweren’tquiteasvivid.Sofarthereisn’tenoughinformationtomakeanyrealconclusionsaboutthesu

permemory.However,asnewstudiesbecomeavailable,wearesuretolearnaboutwhatmakesthesebrainssounusual.8.WhatmadeitdifficultforSheras

hevskitoliveanormallife?A.Hispoorsocialskills.B.Hisgreatinterestinhistory.C.Hisinabilitytoforgetthings.D.H

isearlychildhoodexperience.9.Peoplewithhyperthymesiadifferfrommnemonistsinthat________.A.theyrememberthingswithoutintentionB.theycountontechn

iquestomemorizeC.theyarebetteratlearningnewinformationD.theycan’trecallasvividlyasmnemonists10.Whatcanbelearnedfromthepassage?A.Formerstudiesh

avefoundtherootsforunusualmemory.B.It’shardtotellwhethersupermemoryisgoodornot.C.MM’slifehasbeengreatlyimprovedbyhismemory.D.Supermemorycontribu

testobetteracademicperformance.11.Whereisthepassageprobablytakenfrom?A.Abookreview.B.Apublicspeech.C.Apopularsciencemagazine.D.Areportonmentalhealth.

【答案】8.C9.A10.B11.C【解析】本文为说明文。文章主要介绍了什么是超忆症，超忆症与记忆超群的区别等。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段Sadlyenough,heseemedtohavesignificantdifficultyliv

inganormallifeduetohisinabilitytoforgetanythinghelearnedandthecontinualdaydreamingcausedbyhisconstantrecall.可知，使Sherashevski很难过正常生活的是他不能忘记自己所学的任

何东西。故选C。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第五段Unlikemnemonists,peoplewithhyperthymesiadon’trelyonanytechniquestomemorize,itseemstohappenauto

matically.可知，hyperthymesia的人不是是用某种技巧记忆的，他们是自动记忆的，是没有意图的，所以A正确，B错误。而根据第五段Whilenoformerstudieshavefoundthereasons,arecentlabor

atorytestshowstheyaren’tanybetterthanaveragepeopleintermsoflearningnewinformation.可知，C错误。根据第六段Besides,thoughhisrecallresemb

ledthatofpeoplewithhyperthymesia,hismemoriesweren’tquiteasvivid.可知，D项错误。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第七段Sofarthereisn’

tenoughinformationtomakeanyrealconclusionsaboutthesupermemory.可知，目前对于这种超忆症还不能评判好坏，因此B正确。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段Sincetheearly20thcentury,psychologist

shaveidentifiedcountlesscasesofpeoplewithsupermemoriesthatallowthemtolearnandretain(保持)newinformationwithtotalaccuracy.陈述心理学家的

发现以及最后一段However,asnewstudiesbecomeavailable,wearesuretolearnaboutwhatmakesthesebrainssounusual.可以判断出本文与科学研究有关，出自科学杂志。容易误选D项，本

文并不是一篇有关大脑健康的报告，只是讲述超忆症、超忆症的表现和记忆超群的区别。DMarkTwainhasbeencalledtheinventoroftheAmericannovel.Andhesur

elydeservesadditionalpraise:themanwhopopularizedthecleverliteraryattackonracism.Isaycleverbecauseanti-slaveryfictionhadbeentheimportantpartof

theliteratureintheyearsbeforetheCivilWar.H.B.Stowe’sUncleTom’sCabinisonlythemostfamousexample.Theseearlystoriesdealtdirectlywithsl

avery.Withminorexceptions,Twainplantedhisattacksonslaveryandprejudiceintotalesthatwereonthesurfaceaboutsomethingelseentirely.Hedrewhisrea

dersintotheargumentbydrawingthemintothestory.Againandagain,inthepostwaryears,Twainseemedforcedtodealwiththechallengeofrace.Only

afewbookshavebeenkickedofftheshelvesasoftenasHuckleberryFinn,Twain’smostwidelyreadtale.Onceuponatime,peoplehatedthebookbecauseitstruck

themasrude.MorerecentlythebookhasbeenattackedbecauseofthecharacterJim,theescapedslave,andmanyoccurre

ncesofthewordnigger.Buttheattackswereandaresilly—andmissthepoint.Thenovelisstronglyanti-slavery.Jim’ssearchthr

oughtheslavestatesforthefamilyfromwhomhehasbeenforciblypartedisheroic.AsJ.Chadwickhaspointedout,thechar

acterofJimwasafirstinAmericanfiction—arecognitionthattheslavehadtwopersonalities,“thevoiceofsurvivalwithinawhiteslavecultureandthevoi

ceoftheindividual:Jim,thefatherandtheman.”Thereismuchmore.Twain’smysterynovelPudd’n-headWilsonstoodasachallengetotheracialbeliefsofevenmanyofthel

iberalsofhisday.WrittenatatimewhentheacceptedwisdomheldNegroestobeinferior(低等的)towhites,especiallyinintelligence,Twain’stalecenteredinpartaroundtwob

abiesswitchedatbirth.Aslavegavebirthtohermaster’sbabyand,forfearthatthechildshouldbesoldSouth,switchedhimforthe

master’sbabybyhiswife.Theslave’slight-skinnedchildwastakentobewhiteandgrewupwithboththeattitudesandtheeducationoftheslave

-holdingclass.Themaster’swife’sbabywastakenforblackandgrewupwiththeattitudesandintonationsoftheslave.Thepointwasdifficulttomiss:nurture(

养育),notnature,wasthekeytosocialstatus.Thefeaturesoftheblackmanthatprovidedthestuffofprejudice—mannerofspeech

,forexample—were,toTwain,indicativeofnothingotherthantheconditioningthatslaveryforcedonitsvictims.12.HowdoTwain’snovelsonslave

rydifferfromStowe’s?A.Twainwasmorewillingtodealwithracism.B.Twain’sattackonracismwasmuchlessopen.C.Twain’sthemesseemedtoagreewithplots.D.

Twainwasopenlyconcernedwithracism.13.RecentcriticismofAdventuresofHuckleberryFinnarosepartlyfromits_____

___.A.targetreadersatthebottomB.antislaveryattitudeC.ratherimpolitelanguageD.frequentuseof“nigger”14.WhatbestprovesTwain’santislaverystandaccordin

gtotheauthor?A.Jim’ssearchforhisfamilywasdescribedindetail.B.Theslave’svoicewasfirstheardinAmericannovels.C.Jimgrewupintoamanandafatherinth

ewhiteculture.D.Twainsuspectedthattheslaveswerelessintelligent.15.Thestoryoftwobabiesswitchedmainlyindicatesthat_

_______.A.slaveswereforcedtogiveuptheirbabiestotheirmastersB.slavesbabiescouldpickupslaveholderswayofspeakingC.blacksso

cialpositionwasshapedbyhowtheywerebroughtupD.blackswerebornwithcertainfeaturesofprejudice【答案】12.B13.D14.C15.C【解析】【分析】本篇为议论文。文章对马克·吐温的小说

没有对奴隶制和(种族)偏见进行抨击这种说法进行了驳斥，并通过马克·吐温最著名的小说《哈克贝利费恩历险记》说明他是反对奴隶制的。【12题详解】推理判断题。由第二段的Twainplantedhisattacksonslaveryandprejudiceintotalesthatwereonthesu

rfaceaboutsomethingelseentirely.可知，马克·吐温的小说表面上完全是谈其他事情，而实际上故事中植入了对奴隶制和(种族)偏见的抨击。其他早期小说用的是直接抨击方式(dealtdirectlywithslavery)。

因此B项说他的小说对种族歧视的抨击非常不明显是恰当的，由此排除C、D两项；由第三段第一句中的“forced”可知A项不对。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据关键词AdventuresofHuckleberryFinn可定位到第三段，由Morerecentlythebookhasbeen

attackedbecauseofmanyoccurrencesofthewordnigger.可知，答案为D项。A、C项都是以前人们对该书的评价；B项无依据。【14题详解】细节理解题。由第四段的末句thec

haracterofJimwasafirstinAmericanfiction—arecognitionthattheslavehadtwopersonalities可知，答案为C项，养育的环境是决定人的社会地位的关键，为

此，马克吐温将小说中的一个人物Jim设定为成长在白人文化中的一个人，A、D项叙述与原文不符；B项未提及。【15题详解】推理判断题。第五段讲到Twain’smysterynovelasachallengetothera

cialbeliefs，而下一段的Thepointwasdifficulttomiss：nurture(养育),notnature,wasthekeytosocialstatus.是对achallengetotherac

ialbeliefs的进一步解释。故只有C项符合要求。其他各项都是对第五段的字面意思的理解。【点睛】细节事实理解题主要考查考生对文章中某一些特定细节或文章的重要事实的理解能力。它一般包括直接理解题和语义理解题两种。直接理解题的答案与原文直接挂钩，从阅读材料中可以找到。此外，在阅读

中可以使用定位法与跳读法解决细节理解题。定位法即根据题干和选项所提供的信息直接从原文中找到相应的句子(即定位)，然后进行比较和分析(尤其要注意一些同义转换)，从而找出正确答案。跳读法即根据题干和选项所提供的信

息跳读原文，并找到相关的句子(有时可能是几个句子)或段落，然后进行分析和推理等，从而找出正确答案。以本文为例，本题第二小题运用定位法：我们根据题干中“RecentcriticismofAdventuresofHuckleberryFinn…从而直接定位到第

三段，再由Morerecentlythebookhasbeenattackedbecauseofmanyoccurrencesofthewordnigger.可以推知occurrencesofthewordnigger与f

requentuseofnigger对应。第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。StageFrightImagin

ethatyouareanactorperforminginaplayforthefirsttime.Youhavelearnedallyourlinesandyouknowwheretowalkonstage.Waitingbehindtheclosed

curtain,youcanheartheaudiencewhisperingandtakingtheirseats.Thenyourbigmomentarrives!Thecurtaingoesup,an

dthecrowdfallssilent.Allyoucanseeisthespotlightshiningdownonyou.____16____Theinsideofyourmouthisdry,andyourhandsarewet.Ifyouhaveexperi

encedamomentlikethis,youknowalltoowellwhatitmeanstohavestagefright.Itisoneofthemostcommontypesoffearandtendstostrikepeoplewhentheyfindth

emselvesatthecenterofattention._____17_____Peopleexperiencethisfearwhenplayingsports,givingapresentation,orevenspeakinginclass.Ap

ersonwhosuffersfromstagefrightmaygetsweatyhands,adrymouth,atightthroat,orshakyknees.Stagefrightisactuallyaformofpanic,andthesefeelingsar

everyreal.___18___Theexperiencediffersfrompersontoperson,butthesamechemicalprocessoccursineachofus.Inreactiontoanxiety,ourb

odiesproduceachemicalthatpreparesustoeitherfightorrunawayquickly.Scientistsrefertothisasourbodies’“fightorflight

”reaction.Asaresult,wefeelgreatenergythatmakesourhandssweat,ourheartsrace,andourkneesshake.___19___Practicingy

ourperformanceandfollowingsomesimpletipscanhelpcalmnervesandmanagethefeelingscausedbyanxiety.First,dre

sscomfortablyandappropriately.Second,beforetheperformance,takedeepbreathsandstretchtohelprelaxyourbody.Third,stayawayfrom

drinksthatcontaincaffeine._____20_____Instead,tryabanana!Somedoctorsbelievethateatingabananacanhelpca

lmyourheartandtherestofyourbody.Finally,whenyoulookintoacrowd,trytofocusonparticularpeopleinsteadofthewhol

egroup.Thesetipshavehelpedmanypeoplelearntodealwiththeirfears.A.Thesemightmakeyourheartraceevenfaster.B

.Youdon’thavetobeonstagetogetstagefright.C.Stagefrightispartofthebody’sreactiontostress.D.Youtrytospeakyourlines,butnothin

gseemstocomeout.E.Withpractice,wecanlearnhowtorelaxwhileplayingsports.F.Thegoodnewsaboutstagefrightisthat

herearewaystodealwithit.G.However,thereisatimewhenstagefrightpreventsyoufromsteppingonstage.【答案】16.D17.B18.C19.F20.A【解析】【分析】本文为说明文。介绍了怯场是人的

常见恐惧之一，不一定在舞台上，其他场合也可能会怯场，本文对此提供了一些解决怯场的小建议。【16题详解】根据前文：你上场了，聚光灯照在你身上，因此，你要开始表演了。再根据后文Theinsideofyourmouthisdry,

andyourhandsarewet.（你的嘴里是干的，你的手是湿的。）可知，你很紧张，故前面肯定是说什么都说不出来，故选D。【17题详解】根据后文Youcanexperiencethiskindoffea

rwhenplayingsports,givingatalk,orevenspeakinginclass.可知，不一定是在舞台上才会体会到怯场，在打比赛时，演讲时甚至是在班级讲话时，都会感受到这一恐惧，故选B。【18题详解】本空是属于主题句。本段频繁出现关键词react

ion，怯场只是身体对压力做出的反应，故选C。【19题详解】本空属于主题句。根据后一句Practicingyourperformanceandfollowingsomesimpletipscanhelpyoucalmdownandmanagethefeelingscause

dbyanxiety.可知，作者提出了有办法来让你镇静下来，解决你的怯场问题，故选F。【20题详解】根据前一句stayawayfromdrinksthatcontaincaffeine(咖啡因).可知，咖啡因

会让人更加兴奋，心跳更快，肯定不会镇静下来，故答案为A。【点睛】七选五解题技巧通读文章，首要关注文章的首段与末段，尤其是文章的这两段的末尾句，因为“开门见山”与“末尾点题”的写作方式是最为常见的，首段的末句一般是全文的主题所在，说明本文将探讨哪些内容，并简要

指出文章的写作思路，有时甚至会以提纲的形式进行呈现。首段的末句对于快速掌握文章的主题具有重要意义，如果它是文章的主题句，就可以使读者迅速明确文章情节将如何展开，并对文章的写作主题有了整体的了解。如果末句不是主题句，则需要继续寻找。这时，可以考虑文章的

写作方式是否为“结尾总结”式，如两者均可排除，则需在文章中其他段落寻找主题句，但要注意首段与末段的提示作用。解题策略1）从意思上判断在做题时最重要的是要读懂空白前后的句子，正确理解了这些句子后，根据意思的连贯性、逻辑性或

者线索词从选项中选取正确答案。在读懂意思的基础上，再利用线索特征词等进一步确认答案。2）从词汇上锁定线索保持对一些线索词的敏感是非常重要的，要好好关注空白前后的名词和动词，然后在选项中查找它们的近义词、反义词、同义词、同类词等。其次是一些专有名词，比如说数词、代词、时间、年代、地点/名称等。尤其

是在读不懂句子的情况下，利用这样的线索词寻找答案是很有效的方法。3）从关联词作为切入点通常，英语的句段之间经常会运用关联词表示过渡和衔接，让文章的思路更清楚、逻辑更连贯，因此文章中和选项中表示各种逻辑关系的路标性信号词在选择答案时都是很重要

的线索。在做题时可将这三个层面的线索很好地结合起来。如此题的第3，4题都属于主题句，这两题的解题方法基本一样，即抓中心词，从词汇上锁定主题。如第3题本段频繁出现关键词reaction，怯场只是身体对压力做出的反应，第4题根据后一句Practicingyourperformancea

ndfollowingsomesimpletipscanhelpyoucalmdownandmanagethefeelingscausedbyanxiety.可知，作者提出了可以帮你镇静下来的几种办法，故前面一句是先提出有方法可

以解决你的怯场问题，选F。第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节完形填空（共20小题；每题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A,B,C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

WhenIwasateenager,mydaddideverythinghecouldtodiscouragemefrombecomingabrewer(酿酒师).He’dspenthislifeinlocalbreweries,___21___makingaliving,ashadhisf

atherandgrandfatherbeforehim.SoIdidasheasked.Iwenttobusinessschoolandgotahighlypaidjobatabusiness-consultingfirm._

__22___,afterworkingtherefiveyears,Iwashauntedby___23___.IsthiswhatIwanttobedoingwhenI’m50?Irememberedthatsometimebefore,mydad

hadbeencleaningouttheatticand___24___someoldbeer___25___.“Today’sbeeris___26___waterthatcanholdahead,”he’dtoldme.Iagreed.Americanspaygoodmon

eyfor___27___beer,Ithought.WhynotmakegoodbeerforAmericansusingmyfamilyway?Idecidedtoquitmyjobtobecomeabrewer.WhenItoldDad,Iwasho

pinghe’dputhisarmaroundmeandget___28___aboutcontinuingtradition.Insteadhesaid,“Jim,thatisthe___29___thingI’veeverheard!”____30____Dado

bjected,intheendhebecamemynewcompany’sfirst____31____,coughingup(支付)$40,000whenIopenedtheBostonBeerCompanyin1984.Goingfrommyfancyofficetobeingabrew

erwaslikemountainclimbing:exciting,liberatingand____32____.Allmysafetynetsweregone.Oncethebeerwasmade,Ifacedmybiggest____33____yet:noonehadev

erheardofit.Ineededanamethatwas____34____andelegant,soIcalledmybeerSamuelAdams,____35____thebrewerandpatriot(爱国者)whohe

lpedtofoundtheBostonTeaParty.Theonlywaytogetthewordout,Irealized,wastoselldirect.Ifilledmybriefcasewithbeerand____36____everybarinBosto

n.Sixweekslater,attheGreatAmericanBeerFestival,SamAdamsBostonLagerwonthetopprizeforAmericanbeer.Therestishistory.Itwasn’tsupposedto____37____

thisway—whateverdoes?—butintheendIwas____38____tobeabrewer.Myadvicetoallyoungentrepreneursissimple:lifeisverylong,sodon’t____39____tomakedec

isions.Lifedoesn’tletyou____40____.21.A.barelyB.easilyC.sufficientlyD.adequately22.A.ThoughB.OtherwiseC.StillD.Anyhow23

.A.fearB.doubtC.regretD.desire24.A.cameacrossB.pickedoutC.putdownD.broughtabout25.A.receiptsB.cansC.recipesD.labels26.A.exactlyB.part

icularlyC.roughlyD.basically27.A.inferiorB.superbC.fakeD.sour28.A.miserableB.amusedC.excitedD.concerned29.A.dumbestB.

smartestC.toughestD.rudest30.A.AssoonasB.AsmuchasC.AsfarasD.Aslongas31.A.employerB.customerC.investorD.salesman32.A.inspiringB.rel

axingC.pushingD.frightening33.A.opportunityB.decisionC.obstacleD.defeat34.A.respectableB.honorableC.recognizableD.understandable35.A

.afterB.byC.asD.for36.A.hitB.gotC.calledD.promoted37.A.makeoutB.reachoutC.setoutD.workout38.A.appointedB.destinedC.con

sideredD.intended39.A.hesitateB.needC.waitD.rush40.A.delayB.dreamC.planD.prepare【答案】21.A22.C23.B24.A25.C26.D27.A28.C29.A30.B31.C32.D33.C34.C35.A36.

A37.D38.B39.D40.C【解析】本文为记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者转行做酿酒师的人生感悟。【21题详解】考查副词词意。根据前文mydaddideverythinghecouldtodiscouragemefrombecomi

ngabrewer(酿酒师)可知，父亲不喜欢酿酒师这个职业，不希望作者当酿酒师，由此可以推断他几乎不能养家糊口。A.barely几乎不；B.easily容易地；C.sufficiently足够地；D.adequately

足够地；适当地，故选A。【22题详解】考查副词。根据语境IsthiswhatIwanttobedoingwhenI’m50?可知，作者在怀疑自己是否50岁了还可以继续自己现在的事业？由此可知，工作五年后作者仍

然对自己的工作充满怀疑。A.Though虽然，尽管；B.Otherwise否则，不然；C.Still仍然；D.Anyhow无论如何，故选C。【23题详解】考查名词。根据下文的问题可知，作者是对自己的工作持怀疑态度。A.fe

ar害怕；B.doubt怀疑；C.regret后悔；D.desire渴望，故选B。【24题详解】考查动词短语。根据语境可知，在清扫阁楼时偶然找到了一份啤酒的配方。A.cameacross偶然遇到；B.pic

kedout挑出；C.putdown放下；D.broughtabout发生，故选A。【25题详解】考查名词。根据下文作者父亲的评论以及WhynotmakegoodbeerforAmericansusingmyfamilyway?可知，这里找到的是家族的有关啤酒的配方。A.recei

pts收据；收条；B.cans罐子；C.recipes配方；D.labels标签。故选C。【26题详解】考察副词。根据下文Iagreed.Americanspaygoodmoneyfor___7___beer,

Ithought.WhynotmakegoodbeerforAmericansusingmyfamilyway?可知，现在的啤酒基本上都是水，只是面上有一些泡沫。A.exactly准确地；B.partic

ularly特别地；C.roughly粗略地；D.basically主要地。从根本上说，故选D。【27题详解】考查形容词。根据上文Today’sbeeris___6___waterthatcanholdahead,”可知，啤酒的质量差。A.inferior（

质量等）低劣的；下级的，下等的；B.superb极好的；华丽的；丰盛的；C.fake赝品，假的；D.sour酸的。故选A。【28题详解】考查形容词。根据语境可知，Insteadhesaid,“Jim,thatisthe___9___thingI’veeverheard!”以及Da

dobjected可知，作者是期望父亲为自己的决定感到高兴，然而事实却不是这样。A.miserable令人痛苦的，卑鄙的；B.amused愉快的；C.excited兴奋的；D.concerned担心的。故选C。【29题详解】考查形容词。根据后文Dadobjected可知，

父亲认为这是我做的最愚蠢的决定。A.dumbest愚蠢的；B.smartest明智的；C.toughest艰难的；D.rudest粗鲁的。故选A。【30题详解】考查连词。根据语境可知，虽然父亲尽全力反对我，但最终还是支持我了。A.Assoonas一……就；B

.Asmuchas和……一样，虽然；C.Asfaras和……一样远；D.Aslongas只要，所以选B。【31题详解】考查名词。根据下文coughingup(支付)$40,000whenIopenedtheBostonBeerCompanyin1984.可知，父亲成了我的第一位投资者。A.

employer雇主；B.customer顾客；C.investor投资者；D.salesman销售员。故选C。【32题详解】考查形容词。根据后文Allmysafetynetsweregone.可知，从条件舒适的办公室出来，去做一名酿酒人，就像爬山一样：令人振奋

，感到自由，但又觉得有些害怕。因为我所有的安全保护网都撤掉了。A.inspiring鼓舞人心的；B.relaxing令人放松的；C.pushing莽撞的；D.frightening令人害怕的。故选D。【33题详解】考查名词。根据语境可知，一旦啤酒酿造出来后，我面临的最大

问题就是：如何将它送到消费者手中。A.opportunity机会；B.decision决定；C.obstacle障碍；D.defeat打败。故选C。【34题详解】考查形容词。根据后文作者为他的啤酒起了响亮的

名字可知，他需要为它的啤酒取一个响亮而又高雅的名字。A.respectable可敬的；B.honorable光荣的，可敬的；C.recognizable可识别的，可承认的；D.understandable可理解的。故选C。【35题详解】

考查短语搭配。“根据什么命名”用nameafter，故选A。【36题详解】考查动词词义。根据语境可知，作者公文包里装满啤酒，转遍了波士顿的各个酒吧，所以用hit。A.hit击打，到达，去某地；B.got得到；C.ca

lled打电话；D.promoted促进，提升。故选A。【37题详解】考查动词短语。此处表示结果本不应该是这样子的，因为一开始作者的父亲是不想让作者当酿酒师的。A.makeout理解，辨认出；B.reachout伸出；C.setout动身，着手；D.workout

解决，产生结果，故选D。【38题详解】考查动词。根据原文内容，作者最终还是当了酿酒师，由此可以断定，自己命中注定会当酿酒师。A.appointed任命；B.destined命中注定的；C.considered被认为是；D.intended打算。故选B。【3

9题详解】考查动词。根据原文作者的经历可知，作者的建议是“不要急于做决定”。A.hesitate犹豫；B.need需要；C.wait等待；D.rush冲，故选D。【40题详解】考查名词。根据前文内容“不要急于做决定”，可知作者是想表达“人的一生很长久，生活

不一定按你的计划进行”。A.delay拖延；B.dream梦想；C.plan计划；D.prepare准备，故选C。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。ThenationalcollegeentranceexaminRus

sia，UnifiedStateExam，willincludeChineseas___41___electiveforeignlanguagestartingfrom2019．Chinesewillbecomethefift

helectivetestitemfortheUnifiedStateExam___42___(follow)English，German，FrenchandSpanish．ThenumberofChineselearnersinRussia__

_43___(grow)quicklyinthepastdecade，accordingtoasurvey___44___(conduct)byalinguisticresearchcenterinRussia．Approach

estolearningChinesevaryfrompersontoperson，___45___moreandmorepeoplechoosinguniversitycoursesinRussia．Thet

hree-hour-longChinesetestwillquizstudentson___46___(they)listening，reading，andwritingabilitiesandafourthsectionwillexamines

tudentsongrammar，vocabularyandChinese___47___(character)．SomepartsintheexamareevenalittlebitdifficultfornativeChinesespeakers．AccordingtotheOffice

ofChineseLanguageCouncilInternational(Hanban)7asof2017，some100millionpeople，excludingnativespeakers，useChinese___48___(global)．TheUnitedNations(UN)

in2010suggestedaChineseLanguageDay___49___fallsonApril20eachyear____50____(celebrate)culturaldiversityaswellastopromotetheequal

useofa11officiallanguages．【答案】41.an42.following43.hasgrown44.conducted45.with46.their47.characters48.globall

y49.which/that50.tocelebrate【解析】本文是一篇说明文，2019年俄罗斯高考中将新增加汉语作为外语考试科目之一，这充分体现了汉语在全球的地位不断上升。【41题详解】考查冠词。这里表示“一门或一种选修语言”，表泛指，由于elective以元音

音素开头。故填an。【42题详解】考查现在分词。本句已经存在谓语动词且句中没有连词，故follow做非谓语与逻辑主语构成主谓关系，故用现在分词形式following。故填following。【43题详解】考查时态及主谓一致。根据时间状语inthepastdecade可知，本句需要用现在完成时；由于

本句主语为number，因此谓语动词用单数形式。故填入hasgrown。【44题详解】考查非谓语动词。conduct本句中做非谓语与逻辑主语构成被动，表示该调查“被进行”，因此填入过去分词形式conducted。故填conducted。【

45题详解】考查介词。句意：学习方法因人而异,有越来越多的人选择俄罗斯的大学课程。分析句子可知，本句为with的复合结构作状语，因此填入介词with。故填with。【46题详解】考查代词。形容词性物主代词修饰名词li

stening。故填their。【47题详解】考查名词复数。这里表示考查汉字（Chinesecharacters），character为可数名词，应该用复数形式表示多个汉字。故填characters。【48题详解】考查副词。这里需要一个副词来修饰前面

的动词use。故填globally。【49题详解】考查定语从句。本空格前面的ChineseLanguageDay为先行词，后面是一个限制性定语从句，先行词在后面的限制性定语从句作主语。故填which/that。【50题详解】考查动词不定式。此处aswellas连接两个并列的成分，故填入动词不定式形

式tocelebrate，在句中作目的状语。故填tocelebrate。第四部分：写作(共两节，满分35分)第一节短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作

文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(Λ)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。修改：在错的词下划一

横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。Everymorningandevening,manypeoplegathertodanceinourcom

munitysquare,whereisdesignedtoimprovelivingquality.Althoughdancingcoulddogoodtotheirhealth,butthelong-timedancingandloudnoi

secausingbytheloudspeakerreallybroughttheneighborsinconvenience.Icouldn’trestorsleepwell,whichmademeterribleupset.Ifeltsuchsleepyinclassth

atIperformedbadlyinstudy.Tosolveaproblem,Icommunicatedwiththeorganizersandsuggestedthattheyshouldshortenthedancetimeandreducedthemusicnoise.Onlydoing

socantheyhavefunandletothersenjoylife.Totheirdelight,theyadoptedmyadvices.【答案】1.where→which2.去掉but3.causin

g→caused4.terrible→terribly5.such→so6.a→the7.reduced→reduce8.doingso前加by9.their→my10.advices→advice【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述广场舞影响了作者的生活，导致上课犯困学习不好，作者与

组织者交流建议他们缩短跳舞的时间并降低音乐声，作者的建议被采纳。【详解】1、考查定语从句。句意：每天早晚，许多人聚集在我们的社区广场跳舞，广场被设计是为了提高生活质量。分析句子可知，此处是非限制性定语从句，先行词是o

urcommunitysquare，从句中缺少主语，引导非限制性定语从句，用关系代词which。故将where改为which。2、考查连词。英语句子中although与but不能同时使用，故去掉but。3、考查过去分词。句意：虽然跳舞对他们的健康有好处，但长时间的跳舞

和扬声器引起的巨响确实给邻居带来了不便。分析句子可知，causedbytheloudspeaker作定语，用非谓语动词形式，修饰loudnoise，cause与逻辑主语noise是被动关系，用过去分词作定语，故将causing改为caused。4

、考查副词。修饰形容词upset用副词作状语，故将terrible改为terribly。5、考查sothat句型。such是形容词，修饰名词作定语；so是副词，修饰形容词sleepy作状语，故将such改为so。6、考查冠词。根据语境可知，此处特指上文提到的事情，广场舞的噪音影响

我的生活这件事，故将a改为the。7、考查虚拟语气。suggest表示“建议”，其后的宾语从句用虚拟语气，谓语动词用should+动词原形，should可以省略，and连接谓语动词shorten和reduce，故

将reduced改为reduce。8、考查介词。bydoingsth.“通过做某事”是固定短语，故doingso前加by。9、考查代词。句意：让我高兴的是，他们采纳了我的建议。由下文myadvice可知，此处指“让我高兴的是”，故将t

heir改为my。10、考查名词。advice是不可数名词，故将advices改为advice。第二节书面表达(25分)52.假定你是李华，你的美国朋友Peter想提高中文水平，进一步了解中国文化。请给他写一封信，推荐学习资源(resourc

e)。内容包括：1．学习资源：报纸、杂志及其他途径；2．推荐理由；3．表达祝愿。注意：1．词数100左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。DearPeter，_______________________

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_________Yours,LiHua【答案】DearPeter,IamgladtohearthatyouareeagertoimproveyourChineseandknowmoreaboutChineseculture.It'smypleasureto

recommendsomeresourcestoyou.①Readingsomepopularnewspapersandmagazines,suchasSouthernWeekly,isthefirstchoice,fromwhichyoucangetlotsofinf

ormationaboutChinesecustoms.Besides,thereareotherwaystoexperiencetheChineselanguageandcultureontheInternet,onTVorwithsomeapps.Theinterestingnewsan

dstoriesintheseresourcesaresoamazingthatyouwillneverfeelbored.Iamsureyoucanbenefitalotfromthem.②Isincerelyhope

thatyoucanmakegreatprogressinlearningChineseandhaveabetterunderstandingofChineseculture.Yours,LiHua【解析】【分析】本文书面表达属于应用文，要

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