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昆明第一中学2021届高中新课标高三第一次摸底测试英语试卷本试卷共四个部分。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。满分150分，考试用时120分钟。注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必用黑色碳素笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号、座位号在答题卡上填写清楚，并认真核

准条形码上的准考证号、姓名、考场号、座位号及科目，在规定的位置上贴好条形码。2.每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。答在试卷上的答案无效。第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题：每小

题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Who

madethebottlefall?A.Lucy.B.Mark.C.Nancy.2.What'stheweatherliketoday?A.Sunny.B.Cloudy.C.Rainy.3.Whywillthewomancomehomelatet

oday?A.She'llworkovertime.B.She'llpurchasefoodatasupermarket.C.She'lldiscussherresearchpaperatschool。4.W

hatwillthewomandonext?A.Dressup.B.Driveacar.C.Haveadance。.5.Wherearethespeakers?A.Attheman'shome.B.Ataclinic.C.Atarepairsto

re.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟

；听完后，各个小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6,7题。6.HowmanyvolunteersshoweduplastSunday?A.Five.B.Fifteen.C.Fifty.7.Whatwillthespeakersmakefirst?A.Tab

les.B.Chairs.C.Toolbelts.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman?A.Sheplaystheguitar.B.Sheknowsalotaboutmusic.C.Shestudiesm

usicincollege.9.What'stheman'solderbrother?A.Astudent.B.Aprofessor.C.Abandmember.10.Howlongmighttheconcertlast?A.Onehour.B.T

wohours.C.Threehours.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthefirstcar?A.It'stoougly.B.It'stoosmall.C.It'stooexpe

nsive.12.Whichcarhasfiveseats?A.Theblackone.B.Theredone.C.Theblueone.13.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Takeatest

drive.B.Talktohisfamily.C.Buythecar.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14.Howfardidtheywalkeveryday?A.About10kilometers.B.About1

3kilometers.C.About30kilometers.15.Whatproblemdidtheyhave?A.Theycouldn'tsitinthesun.B.Theycouldn'twalkfreelyinthemountains.C.Theycould

n'tbreatheeasilyinthethinairsometimes.16.Whatdidthewomanenjoythemostaboutthetrip?A.Theexercise.B.Thefood.C.Theweather.听第10

段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whendidthenewzooopen?A.LastFriday.B.LastSaturday.C.LastSunday.18.What'sthenewzoolike?A.Smallbutspeci

al.B.Hugeandamazing.C.Largeandconfusing,19.Wherearethemonkeys?A.Inthewaterarea.B.Inthejunglearea.C.Inthelandarea.20.Howmuc

hdoesoneticketcost?A.$10.B.$20.C.$30.第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AOuropen-toptoursena

bleyoutofullyappreciatevibrant（充满生机的）Brightonanditsrenownedseafront,itsbestshoppingareas,andthetop-classrestaurantsa

tBrighton.Discoverthecityacross15stopslocatedtogetyoutovisititall!PlacesofinterestBrightonCitySightseeingTourtakesyoutovisitoneofthesouth-coast'

smostpopularresorts.Thiscityoffersmanythingstodoandplacestogo,fromthestrikingRoyalPavilion,Regencyarchitecture,andVictorianaquariums,tothefamou

sBrightonPier,SeaLifeCentre,andpebblebeach.ToursBuyyour24hticketonlineandhoponandoffourcomfortabledouble-deckersasmuchasyoulike,togettok

nowthecityatyourownpace.YoucanalsobuyaTourPlusticketwhichincludesalldaytravelonthelocalBrighton&Hovebuses.Thehop-onandhop-offtoursstartjustwest

ofBrightonPier.Furtherinformationincludingalulltimetableandmapoftherouteisavailableatwww.city-sightseeing,com.AccommodationIfyouneedtostay,Brigh

ton&Hovehasawidevarietyofoptionstosuitalltastesandbudgets.ThereareguesthousesandbedandbreakfastsinBrighton&Hove.Thisisabustling（热闹的）areaofthecity

withindependentrestaurants,antiqueshopsandalivelyvillageatmosphereandjustastone'sthrowfromthebeach.PubEntertainmentIfyou

arelookingforsomeentertainmenttogowithyourdrinksthenthereareplentyofoptionsatpubsinBrighton.Mrs.Fitzherbert'sregularlyha

slivebandsplayingandtheLadies'Milehostswing&jazznights.AbovetheGrandCentralyou'llfindtheNightingaleRoom

witharegularprogramofeventsincludingtheatreandcomedy.1.Wherewillyouchoosetovisitifyouareinterestedinoceananimal?A.RoyalPavilion.B.Brighto

nPier.C.Regencyarchitecture.D.SeaLifeCentre.2.WhatisspecialaboutBrighton&Hove?A.Itusedtobeavillage.B.Ithasmanyoldshops.C.Itisverypeac

efularea.D.Itisnotfarfromthebeach.3.WhatcanvisitorsdoinbothMrs.Fitzherbert'sandtheLadies'Mile?A.Havingdrinks.B.

Watchingcomedies.C.Performingwithactors.D.Enjoyingaliveplay.【答案】1.D2.D3.A【解析】本文属于应用文。主要讲述了充满活力和生机的英国城市布莱顿吸引来自全世界的游客，本文介绍在布莱顿旅游的几条

小贴士。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段第二句“Thiscityoffersmanythingstodoandplacestogo,fromthestrikingRoyalPavilion,Regencyarchite

cture,andVictorianaquariums,tothefamousBrightonPier,SeaLifeCentre,andpebblebeach.”可知喜欢海洋动物的游客会选择去海洋生物中心。故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第五段末句“Thisisabustli

ng(热闹的)areaofthecitywithindependentrestaurants,antiqueshopsandalivelyvillageatmosphereandjustastone’sthrowfromthebeach.”可知,这个地区离

海滩一箭之遥。故选D。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据文章末段一、二句“IfyouarelookingforsomeentertaintogowithyourdrinksthenthereareplentyofoptionsatpubsinBrighton.Mrs.Fitzherbert’sregu

larlyhaslivebandsplayingandtheLadies’Milehostswing&jazznights.”可知游客在Mrs.Fitzherbert’s和theLadies’Mile两家店都可以饮酒。故选A。BAsIwalkeddownthestreetonthefirstda

yinDubailastyear,thehotairmixedwithmyexcitement,remindingmethatIwasnowinamysterioushabitat.WiththecuriosityofwantingtotrysomeAra

bianfood,Iexcitedlywenttoalocalrestaurant.Unexpectedly,anincidenthappened.Theguardstandingoutsidetherestaurantsaidtome

,"NowisthespecialfestivalforMuslimscalledEid,duringwhichMuslimsgoonfasting.Eatingisbannedbeforesunset.""ButIamonlyatourist,notaM

uslim.Youcouldnotrestrictmylibertytohavedinner,"Iargued.Hefirmlyanswered"ThetraditionofIslamisthesameforeveryoneinDubai.Onceyousteponthegrou

ndofAbuDhabi,youshould,andyoumust,obeytherule."Listeningtohisresponse,mydisappointmentturnedintoannoy

ance.AsapersonwhoknewnothingaboutIslam,Ifeltthattheircustomsseemedquiteunusual.Backtothehotel,IbegantosearchfortheinformationofEida

ndcametoknowthateveryyearthereisaperiodoftimethatMuslimsgoonfastinguntilsunset.ForMuslims,thefastingistopurifythemselvesbothphy

sicallyandmentally.GlancingovertheinformationaboutEid,Ifeltguiltyaboutgettingannoyedwiththeguard.IrealizedthatIshou

ldconstantlyunderstandandrespectothers'customsandbeliefs.Althoughsometimesthebeliefsofpeoplefromvariousbackgroundsarequitehar

dtoaccept,understandingthesituationbetterbeforesolvingconflictsismuchmoreeffective.Onlybytrulyacceptingothers'customscouldIlearnfromthevalue

oftheirbeliefs.Iunderstoodtheimportanceofbeingdeterminedtoone'sbelief,whileatthesametimelearningtopossessapassion

ateattitudetowardsothers.4.WhatdidtheauthordoonthefirstdayinDubai?A.HeenjoyedadeliciousArabianmeal.B.Hemadeanappointmentwiththeg

uard.C.Hearguedwithaguardoutsidealocalrestaurant.D.Hestayedinthehotelbecauseofthehotweather.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"goonfasting"

inparagraph2mean?A.Cleanthewholeroom.B.Stopeatinginaperiod.C.Refusetoeatinaday.D.Enjoysomeentertainments.6.Howdidtheguardintheresta

uranttalktotheauthor?A.Enthusiastically.B.Rudely.C.Seriously.D.Impolitely.7.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraphabouttheauthor?A.Heapologizedt

otheguard.B.HebelievedinIslamafterthetrip.C.Heregrettedarguingwiththeguard.D.HechangedMuslimcustomsandbeliefs.【答案】4.C5.B6.C7.C【解析】本文属于记叙文。文章讲述了我在迪拜旅

游时碰到一件事：因为当地穆斯林的开斋节，餐馆的门卫不允许他进餐馆就餐。【4题详解】细节理解题。结合文章第二段Theguardstandingoutsidetherestaurantsaidtome,"NowisthespecialfestivalforMuslimscalledEid,d

uringwhichMuslimsgoonfasting.Eatingisbannedbeforesunset.""ButIamonlyatourist,notaMuslim.Youcouldnotrestrictmylibertytoha

vedinner,"Iargued.Hefirmlyanswered"ThetraditionofIslamisthesameforeveryoneinDubai.OnceyousteponthegroundofAbuDhabi,youshould,andyoumust,obeytheru

le."站在餐馆外面的守卫对我说：“现在是穆斯林的特殊节日，开斋节，穆斯林在这个节日里禁食。日落前禁止进食。”“但我只是个游客，不是穆斯林。你不能限制我吃饭的自由。”我争辩道。他坚定地回答：“伊斯兰教的传统对于迪拜的每个人都是一样的。一旦踏上阿布扎比的土地，你就应该，也必须，遵守规则。”据此可

知，在作者踏入迪拜的第一天，和当地一名餐馆门卫发生了争执。故选C。【5题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线部分可以定位到文章的第二段。结合划线短语后的句子“Eatingisbannedbeforesunset.”饮食在日落前是禁止的。可以推断

出，在这个节日期间，是不允许饮食的。"goonfasting"意思是一段时间内停止进食。故选B。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段最后两句Hefirmlyanswered“ThetraditionofIslamisthesameforevery

oneinDubai.OnceyousteponthegroundofAbuDhabi,youshould,andyoumust,obeytherule.”他坚定地回答：“伊斯兰教的传统对于迪拜的每个人都是一样的。一旦踏上阿布扎比的土地，你就应该，也必须，遵守规

则”。可知,餐馆的门卫对作者的态度是严肃的。故选C。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据文章末段首句“Ifeltguiltyaboutgettingannoyedwiththeguard.”我对惹恼了警卫感到内疚。可知，作者对他和餐馆守卫发生争执的事情感到很后悔。故选C。

CDoyoustillrememberJurassicPark,anamazingmoviewheresciencebringsdinosaursbackfromextinction?Nowsomeverysmartscientistsareworki

ngonawaytorevive,notdinosaurs,butotherextinctspecieslikethewoollymammoth（长毛象）usingthegeneeditingtechnologyknownasCRISPR.Asanevoluti

onarybiologist,obviously,itwouldbeamazingtobringbackextinctcreatures.Butevenifwecanbringthemback,weare

notgoingtobeabletocontrolhowtheyevolveinthefuture.Nomanisanislandandneitherisanyothercreature.Weneedaneco

systeminordertosurvive.Sowecanthinkalotabouttheexamplesofreintroducingspeciesintotheenvironment,likethegrayw

olvesintoYellowstone.Ecologyisverycomplicatedanditcertainlywasn'timportantwhenwefirstintroducerabbitsintoAu

stralia,whichwasatotaldisastereventually.Allanimalslikebirdsandmammalshavetolearnfromtheirparents.Ifwebringthembacktolife,whoaregoingtobearoundtotea

chthem?WehaveexampleswhereinCaliforniawe'vehadthereproductionofthecondors（秃鹰）.Whatscientiststriedtodoistofeedthebabi

esusingamothercondorpuppet.Whenthesepoorcreatureswerereleasedintothewild,theyhadanunnaturallikingforhumans.Theydid

n'tbehavethewaytheyshouldhave,forcondors.AccordingtoPerformingAnimalWelfareSociety,ahealthyelephantcostsabout$70,000peryea

rtocareforandanelderlyelephantcostsagooddealmore.Ofcourse,wearenottalkingaboutone.We'retalkingaboutmanycreatures.Idon'tth

inkthesecreatureswillhaveafuture.8.Whydoestheauthormentionthefilminthefirstparagraph?A.Torecallanamazingmovie.B.Topro

motesomeextinctspecies.C.Tointroducethetopictobediscussed.D.Togettoknowsomeintelligentscientists.9.Whatdoestheauthorwanttotellusbythee

xamplesinparagraph2?A.Humansneedabalancedecosystemtosurvive.B.Tobringbackextinctcreatureswasanunwiseidea.C.Help

ingendangeredspeciesprovestobebeneficialforhumans.D.Therewereallsortsofpositiveeffectsaboutreintroducingspecies.10.Whichani

maldidn'tactinitsownway?ACondor.B.Graywolf.C.Rabbit.D.Elephant.11.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.IsJurassicParkanAmazingMov

ie?B.WhatdoCreaturesNeedtoSurvive?C.ShouldWeBringExtinctAnimalsBacktoLife?D.HowdoesanEvolutionaryBiologistProtectAnimals?【答案】8.

C9.B10.A11.C【解析】这是一篇议论文。本文作者以话题“是否应该让灭绝的动物复活？”展开讨论，详细地陈述不支持让灭绝动物复活的几点原因。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据文中第一段末句“Nowsomeverys

martscientistsareworkingonawaytorevive,notdinosaurs,butotherextinctspecieslikethewoollymammoth(长毛象)usingthegeneeditingtechnologyknownasCRISPR.”可知现在

，一些非常聪明的科学家正在研究一种复活的方法，不是恐龙，而是其他灭绝的物种，比如长毛猛犸象，使用的是被称为CRISPR的基因编辑技术。及下文的讨论内容，由此判断出，作者提到侏罗纪公园这部电影的目的是为引出是否该复活灭绝物种的话题。故选C。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第

二段Butevenifwecanbringthemback,wearenotgoingtobeabletocontrolhowtheyevolveinthefuture.Nomanisanislandandneitherisanyother

creature.Weneedanecosysteminordertosurvive.Sowecanthinkalotabouttheexamplesofreintroducingspeciesintotheenvironment,likethe

graywolvesintoYellowstone.Ecologyisverycomplicatedanditcertainlywasn'timportantwhenwefirstintroducerabbit

sintoAustralia,whichwasatotaldisastereventually.可知，但即使我们能把它们带回来，我们也无法控制它们在未来如何进化。人类不是孤立存在的，其他生物也不是。为了生存，我们需要一个生态系统。因此，我们可以考虑很多重新引入物种到环境中的例子，就像灰

狼进入黄石公园一样。生态学是非常复杂的，当我们第一次把兔子引入澳大利亚的时候，这并不重要，但这是一场灾难。由此判断出，作者想通过第2段的例子告诉我们使灭绝的生物复活是个不明智的主意。故选B项。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据文中第三段“W

henthesepoorcreatureswerereleasedintothewild,theyhadanunnaturallikingforhumans.Theydidn'tbehavethewaytheyshouldhave,forcondors.”可知，当这些可怜的动物被放生到野外时，它们

对人类产生了一种反常的喜爱。对于秃鹰来说，它们的行为不像它们应该做的那样。故选A。【11题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文作者以话题“是否应该让灭绝的动物复活？”展开讨论，详细地陈述不支持让灭绝动物复活的几点原因。所以

短文的最佳标题为“我们应该让灭绝的动物复活吗”。故选C项。DWhenwelookatEarthfromspace,weseeablue,wateryworld.Itisnocoincidencethatthreequartersofthesurfaceiscoveredbyo

ceans.Waterisverycommonintheuniverseandisessentialforlives.Butlifeneedswaterintheformofliquid,notice,andnotvaporandthatisalittlebitless

common.Foraplanettohaveliquidwateratitssurface,threethingsareimportant.First,theplanetneedstobelargeenoughthattheforceofgravitykeepsthewater

molecules（分子）fromflyingoffintospace.Forexample,MarsissmallerthanEarth,soithaslessgravity,andthatisoneimportantreaso

nthatMarshasaverythinatmosphere.Second,theplanetneedstohaveanatmosphere.Withoutanatmosphere,theplanetisinavacuum（真空）,andli

quidwaterisn'tstableinavacuum.Forexample,ourmoonhasnoatmosphere,soifyouspillsomewateronthemoon,itwilleitherboilawayasvapor,orfreezesolidtomakeice.

Third,theplanetneedstobeattherightdistancefromitsstar.Ifyouwereanalienastronomer,you'dthinkVenusisaprettygoodbetforlife.Itistherights

ize.Ithasanatmosphereanditisinthehabitablezoneofoursun.ButVenusisnothabitable,atleastnotatitssurface.Itistooho

t,becauseVenus'atmosphereisfullofcarbondioxide,animportantgreenhousegas.Infact,itsatmosphereisalmost

entirelycarbondioxide,andalmost100timesthickerthanourown.Asaresult,thetemperatureonVenusishotenoughtomeltlead,andtheplanetisdryasabone.So

findingasuitableplanetforhumanstoliveonisonlyabeginning.Don'texpectmuch.12.Whatdoweknowaboutwaterfromthetext?A.Waterhastwoforms.B.Waterisanecessityfo

rhumans.C.Itiscommontoseeliquidwateronthemoon.D.Waterfliesintospaceeasilywiththehelpofgravity.13.Venusisnotsuitableforhumanstoliv

eonbecause.A.ItisveryhotB.IthasnoatmosphereC.ItisfarfromtheSunD.ItissmallerthanEarth14.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetofindingap

lanetforhumanstoliveon?A.Positive.B.Passive.C.Hopeful.D.Desperate.15.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Waterchangesitsforms.B.Alivi

ngproblemonVenus.C.Theresearchofanalienastronomer.D.Conditionsforahabitableglobeforhumans.【答案】12.B13.A1

4.B15.D【解析】本文属于说明文。介绍了水是地球成为符合人类居住的基本条件的三个要素，并分析为什么火星、月球和金星不适合人类居住。【12题详解】细节理解题。结合第一段第三句“Waterisverycommonintheuniverseandisess

entialforlives.”水在宇宙中是普遍的,并且是生命的必需品。据此可知，人类的生存离不开水。故选B。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据文中第三段第五句中内容“Itistoohot,becauseV

enus'atmosphereisfullofcarbondioxide,animportantgreenhousegas.”天气太热了，因为金星的大气层充满了二氧化碳，这是一种重要的温室气体。由此可知，火星上温度太热，不适合

人居住。故选A。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据文章末段内容Sofindingasuitableplanetforhumanstoliveonisonlyabeginning.Don'texpectmuch.

所以找到一个适合人类居住的星球只是个开始，别抱太大希望。可以推断，作者对寻找适合人类居住的星球持消极态度。故选B。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据通读全文可知，根据第二段Foraplanettohaveliquidwateratitssurface,threet

hingsareimportant.介绍了水是地球成为符合人类居住的基本条件的三个要素，并分析为什么火星、月球和金星不适合人类居住。选项D“适合人类居住的地球的条件”能概括主旨大意。故选D。第二节（共5小题：每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项

中有两项为多余选项。Whenyouarelookingforjobs,onethingthatcannotbeignoredishowmuchyoucouldearn.___16___whichcaree

rpathshouldyoutake?AnewlistreleasedbyCareercast,com,aleadingUScareerswebsite,hasgiventheimportantinformationfortheUS.___17___.Beingasurgeo

n,forinstance,requiresmorethantenyearsofpreparation,fromundergraduatestudiesthroughmedicalschoolandaresidencyprogr

am（住院医生项目）intheUS.Beingalawyeralsorequiresapostgraduatedegreeandthepassingofstatebarexams（州律师考试）intheUS,reportedCareercast.Thesejobsaren

oteasytogetinChina,either.Tobeadoctor,youhavetofinishfiveyears'collegestudyandcompleteayearlonginternship.Tobequalifiedasalawyer,thefirststepistopas

stheNationalJudicialExamination,oneofthehardestexamsinthecountrywithapassrateofabout10percent,accordingtotheMinistry

ofJustice.___18___Highpayalsomeanshighpressure.Tobeanairtrafficcontrollerearnsalot.Youdon'tneedagraduatedegree.___19___Airtrafficcontrollershavet

opayalotofattentiontodetailunderthehighestofpressure.___20___Whatyouconsideragreatjobmaybeasuniqueasyourpersonality.Yourfuturejobisproba

blydifferentfromyourfriendsandyouwillgetagoodpayment.A.TryasyoumightB.IfyouwanttobepaidwellC.Ahighsalarymigh

tmeaneverythingD.Mostofthebest-payingjobsarehardtogetE.ButyoudohavetoexperiencealotofstressF.However,

don'tbedisappointedifyourdreamjobisn'tonthelistG.AfterthatyouhavetotaketheLawyers'QualificationExamination【答案】16.B17.D18.G19.E2

0.F【解析】这是一篇说明文。每个人就业前都会仔细考虑选择什么样的职业。美国的一家网站Careercast.com分享一份重要的信息帮助人们选择高薪的职业。【16题详解】根据上一句Whenyouarelookingforjobs,onethingthat

cannotbeignoredishowmuchyoucouldearn.当你找工作时，赚多少薪水是不可忽略的一件事。可知此处内容与薪水和工作有关，选项B“假如想得到满意的薪水，你会选择什么职业呢？”最符合题意。故选B。【17题详解】此处是本段主旨句

。根据下文Tobeadoctor,youhavetofinishfiveyears’collegestudyandcompleteayearlonginternship.Tobequalifiedasalawyer,thefirstst

epistopasstheNationalJudicialExamination要成为一名医生，你必须完成五年的大学学习和一年的实习。要想成为一名合格的律师，第一步是要通过国家司法考试。可知此处内容与高薪职业的学业很难有关，选项D“大多数高薪职业都很难完

成学业。”最符合题意。故选D。【18题详解】根据上文Tobequalifiedasalawyer,thefirststepistopasstheNationalJudicialExamination,oneofth

ehardestexamsinthecountrywithapassrateofabout10percent,accordingtotheMinistryofJustice.要想成为一名合格的律师，第一步就是要通过国家司法考试，据司法部介绍

，这是中国最难的考试之一，通过率约为10%。可知此处与要成为一名合格的律师下一步做什么有关，选项G“之后你还得考律师资格证”最符合题意。故选G。【19题详解】根据上文Highpayalsomeanshighpress

ure.高薪也意味着压力大。以及Youdon’tneedagraduatedegree.你不需要研究生学位。可知此处内容与要经受高压力有关，选项E“但是你得经历高压。”最符合题意。故选E。【20题详解】此处是本段主旨句。根据下文Whatyouconsideragreatjobmaybeasuni

queasyourpersonality.Yourfuturejobisprobablydifferentfromyourfriendsandyouwillgetagoodpayment.你认为好的工作可能和你的个性一样独特。你未来的工作可能与你的朋友不同，你会得到很好的报酬。可知此处

内容与没有理想工作也不要感到失望有关，选项F“然而，如果你的理想工作不在名单上，也不要失望。”故选F。第三部分：语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题：每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下

面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Washingtonishometolotsoftrees.ItistheEvergreenS

tate,andlotsoffireplacesandwood-burningstovestheretoo.Butwhatifyoulivedthereandcouldn'tcutwoodorcouldn'taffordtopaysomeo

netodoit?___21___ShaneMcDanielandhistwinsonsare___22___tolendahand.Thethreemen___23___truckloadsofwood,andthendonateittothose_

__24___.Theywanttohelppeoplewhoareburningcardboardbecausethey'vegotnothingorsomeone75withnomoneywhohasa___25___shoulderandcan'tcutwo

od.Theideastartedasafather-sonbonding___26___."Ihadtocutwoodwithmydad.Hejust____27____doingit,"saysoneoftheson.Theyspentthesum

merof2018cuttingwooddayafterday.The___28___wasagreatwallofwood___29___aroundtheirhouse.Technically,to___30___thatmuchwouldco

stabout$10,000.Itwastoo___31___fortheMcDanielstousethemselves,andwhentheweatherturned___32___thatNovember,Shanestartedthinkingofothers.

HepostedonFacebook:"Ifyouwantsomefirewoodandcan't___33___it,pleasePM(personalmessage)ME!Ifyouknowsomeonewhobumswood,andthey'relivinginacoldhouset

hisholidayseason,pleasehelpus___34___them.Pleasehelpmeandmy____35____makesurenoonegoescoldinourneigh

borhood."The___36___wasimmediate・Oneman___37___todonateawood-burningstove.OthersracedovertoNorm's,theshopShaneown

s,withmore___38___forthepile.SinglemomKatelynTicerandherdaughterrelyonawood-burningstoveastheironlysourceof___39___.soi

twasa___40___toreceiveatruckloadoffirewoodfromtheMcDanielsbeforetheholidays."Togetthatmuchwoodbroughtmetotears,"shetoldmsn.com,"Somuchstressand

anxietyisoffmyshoulders.Icouldn'tbemorethankful.”21.A.SuddenlyB.LuckilyC.SlowlyD.Actually22.A.happyB.excitedC.braveD.surprised23.A

.buyB.borrowC.cutD.desert24.A.insightB.indoubtC.indangerD.inneed25.A.strongB.brokenC.broadD.narrow26.A.projectB.partyC.ceremonyD.challenge2

7.A.resistedB.allowedC.lovedD.risked28.A.problemB.factC.advantageD.result29.A.putupB.castoffC.piledupD.cutoff30.A.makeB.purchaseC.advertiseD.dona

te31.A.terribleB.wonderfulC.littleD.much32.A.coldB.warmC.windyD.pleasant33.A.takeB.affordC.carryD.sharpen34.A.findB.accompan

yC.hugD.kiss35.A.neighborsB.friendsC.colleaguesD.boys36.A.actionB.responseC.campaignD.conflict37A.preten

dedB.refusedC.offeredD.dared38.A.cardboardB.moneyC.stovesD.wood39.A.pleasureB.warmthC.calmnessD.strength40.A.reli

efB.successC.shockD.burden【答案】21.B22.A23.C24.D25.B26.A27.C28.D29.C30.B31.D32.A33.B34.A35.D36.B37.C38.D39.B40.A【解析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了有爱的McDa

niel一家为寒冷中的人们“雪中送炭”，送去温暖的故事。【21题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，ShaneMcDaniel和他的双胞胎儿子很乐意帮忙。A.Suddenly突然地；B.Luckily幸运地；C.Slowly缓慢地；

D.Actually事实上。根据ShaneMcDanielandhistwinsonsare2tolendahand可知此处表示幸运。故选B。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，ShaneMcDaniel和他的双胞胎儿子很乐意帮忙。

A.happy乐意的，快乐的；B.excited兴奋的；C.brave勇敢的；D.surprised感到惊讶的。根据下文Theywanttohelppeoplewhoareburningcardboard可知表示乐意帮忙。故选A。【23题详解】考查动

词词义辨析。句意：这三个人砍下了一卡车的木头，然后捐赠给有需要的人。A.buy买；B.borrow借；C.cut切下；D.desert遗弃。根据上文Butwhatifyoulivedthereandcouldn'tcutwoodorcouldn't

affordtopaysomeonetodoit?可知此处表示砍木头。故选C。【24题详解】考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：这三个人砍下了一卡车的木头，然后捐赠给有需要的人。A.insight在即，在望；B.indoubt可怀疑；C.indanger在

危险中；D.inneed有需要，在困难中。根据下文Theywanttohelppeoplewhoareburningcardboardbecausethey'vegotnothingorsomeone7

5withnomoney可知此处表示有需要木头的人。故选D。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们想帮助那些因为身无分文而烧纸板的人，或者那些因为肩膀受伤而不能伐木的75岁却没有钱的人。A.strong强

壮的；B.broken受伤的，破碎的；C.broad宽的；D.narrow狭窄的。根据andcan'tcutwood可知此处表示肩膀受伤的人。故选B。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个想法始于一个父亲与儿子联合起来做的项目。A.pr

oject计划，项目；B.party聚会；C.ceremony典礼，仪式；D.challenge挑战。根据“Ihadtocutwoodwithmydad.Hejust7doingit,”saysoneoftheson.可知此处表示是作为父子联合做的一个项目

。故选A。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我需要和父亲一同伐木，他就是爱做这个事。”其中一个儿子说。A.resisted反抗；B.allowed允许；C.loved喜爱；D.risked冒…的风险。

根据heyspentthesummerof2018cuttingwooddayafterday.可知此处表示爱做砍木头这件事。故选C。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：其结果就是得到了高高的一堆木头堆在房子周围。A.problem问题；B.fact事实；C.advantage优势；D.resu

lt结果，成绩。根据agreatwallofwood可知此处表示结果。故选D。【29题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：其结果就是得到了高高的一堆木头堆在房子周围。A.putup提供，建造；B.castoff抛弃，摆脱；C.piledup堆积；D.cutof

f切断，中断。根据aroundtheirhouse可知此处表示堆了一堆木头。故选C。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：从技术上讲，购买这么多木头将花费大约1万美元。A.make使得，进行，准备；B.purchase购买，获得；C.advertise通知，做广告；D.donate捐赠。

根据wouldcostabout$10,000可知此处表示购买这些木头。故选B。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：McDaniels一家自己用起来确实太多了，当那个11月天气转冷时，谢恩开始为别人

着想。A.terrible可怕的；B.wonderful极好的，精彩的；C.little小的，很少的；D.much大量的。根据Ifyouwantsomefirewoodandcan't13it,pleasePM(personalme

ssage)ME!可知此处表示自己家用这些木头太多了。故选D。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：McDaniels一家自己用起来确实太多了，当11月的时候天气变冷，Shane开始为他人着想了。A.cold冷的；B.war

m温暖的，热情的；C.windy多风的；D.pleasant令人愉快的。根据thatNovember可知此处表示转冷。故选A。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你需要一些木头做燃料却买不起的话，可以私信我。A.take拿，取；B.afford买得起，给予；C.carry拿，携

带；D.sharpen削尖。根据pleasePM(personalmessage)ME可知此处表示买不起木头的时候。故选B。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你认识住在寒冷的屋子里，需要木头燃

料的人，请帮助我们找到他们。A.find发现，寻找；B.accompany陪伴；C.hug拥抱；D.kiss接吻。根据Ifyouknowsomeonewhobumswood可知此处表示帮忙寻找。故选A。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：请帮帮我和我的男孩们，确保我们的社区没有人会冻死。A.ne

ighbors邻居；B.friends朋友；C.colleagues同事；D.boys男孩们。根据上文saysoneoftheson可知此处表示男孩们。故选D。【36题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：立即有回应了。A.

action行动；B.response响应，回应；C.campaign运动；D.conflict冲突，矛盾。根据wasimmediate可知此处表示回应。故选B。【37题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一个人主动捐赠了一个烧木柴的火炉。A.pretended假装；B.ref

used拒绝；C.offered主动提供，提议；D.dared敢于。根据todonateawood-burningstove可知此处表示主动提供一个烧木柴的火炉。故选C。【38题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：其他

人带着木头跑到Shane拥有的商店里，给那一大堆木头再做添加。A.cardboard纸板；B.money钱；C.stoves火炉；D.wood木头。根据forthepile可知此处表示木头。故选D。【39题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：单身妈妈KatelynTicer和她的女儿依靠燃烧木材的

火炉作为他们唯一的取暖来源。A.pleasure快乐，希望；B.warmth温暖，热情；C.calmness冷静；D.strength力量，长处。根据relyonawood-burningstove可知此处表示温暖的来源。故选B。【40题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以，在假

期前能从McDaniels家得到一卡车柴火，真是一种安慰。A.relief减轻，安慰；B.success成功；C.shock震惊；D.burden负担，责任。根据下文Somuchstressandanxietyisoffmys

houlders.Icouldn'tbemorethankful.可知收到一卡车的木头燃料是一件令人感到安慰的事。故选A。第二节(共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内的正确形式。People'slivesarestronglya

ffectedbythesun.IfyouliveintheItaliancountryside,you___41___(probable)liketospendalotoftime___42___(play)outofthehouse.Youfeeltheeffectsofthesuneve

ninabigcity,likeShanghaiwithitsforestsoftallbuildings.Evenduringthenight,youaresurethesunwillcomebackbymorning.Butwhatifyouliveinaplace

___43___Longyearbyen,Norway?Itistheworld'smost___44___(north)town.Aboutonethousandandeighthundredpeoplelivethereandtheyhave___45___differentview

ofthesun.Infact,foraboutfourmonthsoftheyear,thesunneversets.Andforanotherfourmonths,itnever___46___(rise).InNorwegian,"L

ongyearbyen"means"TheLongyearTown”.Itwasnamedafteraperson___47___lastnamehappened_____48_____(be)Longyear.Butthep

eopleinthetownmustallhaveareallydifficulttimeduringthelongyear.Itisverycoldanddarkupthere,especiallyduringthe____49____(sun)part!I

couldn'tmake_____50_____formorethanonedayinaplacelikethat!【答案】41.probably42.playing43.like44.northern45.a

46.rises47.whose48.tobe49.sunless50.it【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍世界上离北极最近的城市——朗伊尔城，大约有一千八百人住在那里，一年中大约有四个月太阳从不落

下。在接下来的四个月里便再也没有阳光。那里非常寒冷和黑暗，尤其是在没有阳光的时候。【41题详解】考查副词。修饰后文动词like，应用副词probably，作状语。故填probably。【42题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：如果你住在意

大利乡村，你可能喜欢花很多时间在户外玩耍。结合句意表示“花时间做某事”短语为spendtimedoingsth.。故填playing。【43题详解】考查介词。句意：但如果你住在像朗伊尔城这样的地方呢？根据句意表示“像Longyearbyen这样的地方”应用介词lik

e。故填like。【44题详解】考查形容词。修饰后文名词town，应用形容词northern，作定语，意为“北边的城镇”。故填northern。【45题详解】考查冠词。view此处为泛指，应用不定冠词，且different为辅音音素开头的单词，应用a。故填a。【4

6题详解】考查动词时态。此处陈述客观事实应用一般现在时，且主语为it，故谓语动词用第三人称单数。故填rises。【47题详解】考查定语从句。此处为定语从句修饰先行词person，且先行词在从句中作定语，故应用关系代词whose。故填whose。【48题详解】考查固定短语。句意：它是以一个碰

巧姓朗伊尔的人的名字命名的。结合句意表示“碰巧做某事”短语为happentodo。故填tobe。【49题详解】考查形容词。句意：那里非常寒冷和黑暗，尤其是在没有阳光的地方。修饰后文名词part，应用形容词作定语，且表示“没有阳光的

”形容词为sunless。故填sunless。【50题详解】考查代词。句意：我在那样的地方呆一天都不行！结合句意表示“成功、顺利做完某事”短语为makeit。故填it。第四部分：写作(共两节，满分35分)第一节：短文改错(共10小

题：每小题1分，满分10分)51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。Alicereallylikedherlittlebrother,Donald.Theyusuallyh

avefuntogether.Theirfavoritetoywereblocks.Thechildrenusedtoplaywiththemforthreehours!Alicewaslittleaggressivesometimes,soDon

alddidn'tseemtomind.Hewassuchacheerfullittleboy.Astheygrewold,though,Donaldstartedgettingangrilywithhisbigsister.Thatw

asbecausesheoftentookhistoysfromher.Shewouldn'tevenaskhimfirst.Overtime,DonaldstoppedwanttoplaywithAlice.He

wouldhidehistoysfromherandcriedwhenshecameneartohim.Alicebecameverysad.TheirmotherMarynoticedthatwashappeningandsaid,"Alice,ifyou'give'instea

dof‘take',Donaldwillwanttoplaywithyouagain.”【答案】1.havehad2.toytoys3.was后加a4.sobut5.oldolder6.angrilyangry7.herhi

m8.wantwanting9.删除to10thatwhat【解析】【分析】本文属于记叙文，叙述了姐弟俩之间的日常生活和亲情。【详解】1.考查时态。短文在叙述过去发生的事情，所以应把have改为had。故have改为had。2.考查名词。toy为可数名词，因为be动词

为were，所以主语是复数形式，因此把toy改为toys。故toy改为toys。3.考查冠词。little表达否定含义，而该句应该意为“Alice有时候有一点儿霸道，但是Donald似乎并不介意。”，所以要在little前加a，alittle意为“

一点儿”。故was后加a。4.考查连词。根据句意，“Alice有时候有一点儿霸道，但是Donald似乎并不介意。”因此把so改为but，前后构成转折关系。故so改为but。5.考查形容词比较级。根据下文可知，此处应指“当他们长大了一点儿的时候”。所以应该用old的比较级形式older，与之前更小时

候作对比。故old改为older。6.考查形容词。因为get在这里是系动词，所以后面要加形容词构成系表结构，所以改angrily为angry。故angrily改为angry。7.考查人称代词。结合上文内容可知，“Donald

开始对姐姐生气，这是因为姐姐经常从他那里把玩具抢走。”所以改her为him，因为是从弟弟那里抢走的。故her改为him。8.考查动名词。根据句意“Donald不和Alice玩了”，stopdoing意为“停止做某事”，符合句意。故want改为wanting

。9.考查固定短语。comenearsb.意为“走近某人”，固定短语，后面不能加to，所以删去to。故删去to。10.考查连接代词。notice后面是一个宾语从句，该从句中缺主语且指事，所以应该用what来充当从句的主语。故that改为what。第二节：书面表达

(满分25分)52.假定你是李华，你校外教史密斯先生想学习中国书法(calligraphy),请你给些建议。请根据所给提示，给他回一封电子邮件。内容包括：1.练习书法的技巧；2.学习书法的意义；3.给他鼓励和信心。注意：1.词数100左右;2.可以适当增加细节，以使

行文连贯。DearMr.Smith,________________________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_____________Yours,LiHua【答案】Onepossibleversion:DearMr.Smith,I’mdelightedtolearnthatyouareinterestedinlearningChinesecalligraphy.Ifeelhonoredtoof

feryousomepracticalsuggestions.Actually,youmayfeelithardtowritewithawritingbrushinthebeginning,soit’sagoodideatolearnsomebasicwritingskillseitherf

romaChineseteacherorfromteachingvideosontheInternet.Besides,payingattentiontotheuseofexcellentcalligraphymodelsalwayscounts.Lastbutnotleast,ju

stasthesayinggoes,“Practicemakesperfect”.Practicewithpatienceandyou’llmakeprogressintime.Meanwhile,you’llgainabetterunderstandingofChines

ecultureandhistorybylearningChinesecalligraphy.Ihopemyadvicewillbeofsomehelptoyou.Yours,LiHua【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文，要求写一封信。【详解】第一步：审题。审题的

目的是获取重要信息。通过审题我们可以确定几个方面的信息。第一，假定你是李华，你校外教史密斯先生想学习中国书法(calligraphy),请你给些建议。请根据所给提示，给他回一封电子邮件。内容包括：1.练习书法的技巧；2.学习书法的意

义；3.给他鼓励和信心第二，人称为第一人称、第二人称和第三人称。第三，时态为一般现在时和一般将来时。第二步：布局段落，确定主要段落，次要段落，段落数量。这篇写作段落数量为三段。第一段，很高兴得知史密斯先生对学习中国书法感兴趣。很荣幸能给史密斯先生一些切实可行的

建议。第二段，1.练习书法的技巧；2.学习书法的意义；3.给他鼓励和信心。第三段，表达期望。第三步：确定关键词汇和短语:beinterestedin,payingattentionto，makeprogress，gainabetter

understandingof.第四步：确定较为高级的句子:第五步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连接词进行过渡衔接:it做形式主语和形式宾语Actually,youmayfeelithardtowritewit

hawritingbrushinthebeginning,soit’sagoodideatolearnsomebasicwritingskillseitherfromaChineseteacherorfromteachingvideo

sontheInternet.that引导的宾语从句I’mdelightedtolearnthatyouareinterestedinlearningChinesecalligraphy.第六步：注意书写，保持卷面整洁，避免划线，乱擦。【点睛】文章思路清晰，语言规范，段落整齐，语篇连贯，层次清晰。

使用了较为高级的句式:it做形式主语和形式宾语Actually,youmayfeelithardtowritewithawritingbrushinthebeginning,soit’sagoodideatolearnsomebasicwritingskillseitherfromaChin

eseteacherorfromteachingvideosontheInternet.that引导的宾语从句I’mdelightedtolearnthatyouareinterestedinlearningChinesecalli

graphy.高级句式的应用提升了写作的档次，整个短文显示出了作者高水平的英语表达能力