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2023北京房山高二(下)期中英语第一节完形填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Formostpeople,havingth

ingsstolenfeelslikeanoffence.RobbiePruittadmittedthathegotmadwhenhediscoveredthetheftofhismountainbikelastSeptembe

r.Butsoonenough,his___1___tookaturn.Afterlettinggoofhisangerandfrustration,hefoundhimselfonaroadtosympathyinstead

.ForRobbie,akeenbicyclist,thefirstthingtodowas___2___hisstolenbike.Butwhenhewentshopping,hefoundfewavailable,whichgothimthin

king:WhatifthelackofbikeswasCovid-19related,andwhatifthepersonwho’dtakenhisbikereallyneeded___3___togettowork?Withth

atthoughtinmind,Robbiecameupwithaplanandposteditonthecommunitywebsite.He___4___tofixbikesfreeofchargeforanyonewhoneededit.Healsoaskedforunwan

tedbikes,whichhewouldrepair—againforfree.Andthenhewoulddonatethemtofolkswhocouldtrulyusethembutdidn’thavethe___5___tobuyone.

Thedaythepostwentlive,Robbiereceivedthirtyusedbicycles.Thencamemorethan500enquiriesfordetailedinformation.Bytheen

dof2020,Robbiehadrepairedmorethan140fordonationortobe___6___totheirowners.Robbietriestogivehisdonationstofamiliesthataretruly

___7___.Uponsimplysatisfyingamaterialneed,hehasprovidedanopportunityforkidsinhisneighborhoodtolearnhowtofixthe

irownbikes.Inadditiontopracticalskills,Robbie’slessonsteachteamwork,encourageself-worth,andpromotefeelingsofcommunit

y.___8___,thekidshavegainedasenseofaccomplishment.“It’sareallygreatexperienceforkids,”saidaneighborinaninterviewwiththelocalnewspaper.“Robbieisce

rtainlyprovidinga___9___,butit’snotjustthebikes.It’stherelationshipsinthecommunity.It’sthe____10____thathecanmakeo

npeople.”1.A.emotionsB.careerC.opinionsD.route2.A.rideB.lockC.repairD.replace3.A.instructionB.qualificationC.transportat

ionD.permission4.A.offeredB.refusedC.hesitatedD.remembered5.A.profitB.budgetC.courageD.excuse6A.exportedB.soldC.lentD.returned7.A.dema

ndingB.strugglingC.fightingD.requesting8.A.OtherwiseB.HoweverC.SomehowD.Meanwhile9.A.serviceB.competitionC.ceremonyD.suggestion10.A.compromis

eB.impressionC.impactD.progress第二节语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)A阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的

空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Ilastedtwodays.Thedetoxwas___11___(difficult)totoleratethanIhadexpected.IfeltlikeIhadlostanarm!Noteating

fortwodayswouldhavebeeneasier!Butonreflection,Icanseehowmuchofmytimehadbeenoccupiedwith___12___(check)myphon

e.NowI___13___(try)tospendlesstimeonlineandmoretimepickingupmyhobbies.B阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给

出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Whatiscultureshock?WhenhefirstvisitedtheUSMrLiwasconfusedonabus.Heofferedhisseattoanelderlyma

n,butthemanseemed___14___(annoy)andrefusedtotaketheseat.LaterMr.Li’sAmericanfriendsexplainedtohimthatintheUSi

tisnotadvisable,andevenoffensive,toofferyourseattoelderlypeople.ThisisverydifferentfromChina,wherepeople_

__15___(encourage)todoso.Fromtheexamplewecanseethatcultureshockisthefeelingofconfusionandanxietywhenyouencounter___16___(

situation)wheretheculturalnorms(标准)inyourculturenolongerapply.C阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给

出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。TheQinmingFestival,originatingfromtheHanshiDay,isanopportunityforpeople___17___(remember)and

honortheirancestorsattombs.Anditbecameafestivalin732.Thenobservance(纪念)ofQingmingfoundafirmplace___18___Chinesecultureandcontinuedforove

r2500years.TheQingmingFestivalisatime___19___thesunshinesbrightly,treesandgrassbecomegreenandnatureisagai

nlively.Sinceancienttimes,people___20___(follow)thecustomofSpringOutings..,第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分38分)第一节(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最

佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ABeingstranded(困住)inthewildernessisaterrifyingprospectforanyone,soforthosewhowanttobeprepa

red,thensurvivaltrainingcoursescouldbeagreatidea.Youcanlearnhowtosurviveinsomeofthemostextremeandunstableconditions.Herearesomeofthebestsurvival

trainingcoursesyoucanfindacrosstheUSA.●BearGryllsSurvival—Availableinmanydifferentcountriesisthiswell-

knownTVpersonality’scourseonsurvival.Thisinvolvesafive-dayadventure,withtwodaysofintensesurvivaltrainingfromBear.Youwillthenbedroppedontoanisland

for30hourstoputtheskillsyoujustlearnedtothetest.●BOSS28-DayFieldSurvival—Openingbackin1968,thisisthemostrenownedsurvivalschoolintheworld.Particip

antsspend28daysoutintheUtahwildernesswithlimitedsuppliesandequipment.Therearealsoshorterversionsofthecou

rsefor7to14dayperiodsaswellascoursesforkidsaswell.●AncientPathways—Themilitaryusesthissurvivalschoolfortheirdesertsurvivaltraining,soyouknowit’st

herealdeal.There’salotofdifferentclassesonoffer,frombushcrafttoextremewildernesssurvival.Youcangoonthesecou

rsesfrom4to14dayperiods,andthere’sevenaknifeonlysurvivalcoursetoo.Thentheyhaveamoreintensivecourseavailableafterwardsthattakessurvivaltoawholenewlev

elwithnofoodandwater.●MountainScoutSurvivalSchool—Foratrainingcoursethatisquicker(andcheaperaswell),t

heMountainScoutSchooloffersupone-daytrainingexperiencesjustoutsideofNewYork.Thesearegreatclassesforkidswhowantto

learnmoreabouturbansurvival.Therearealsocoursesontracking,trapping,firebuildingandothernecessarysurvivalskills

thatcouldendupsavingyourlife.21.WhatcanyoudoinAncientPathways?A.Takeacoursetojointhearmy.B.Experiencethewi

ldernessofUtah.C.Learnhowtosurviveonlywithaknife.D.Examinewhatyou’velearnedonanisland.22.Whatcoursesaresuitabl

efora12-year-oldboywhohasasenseofadventure?A.BearGryllsSurvival&AncientPathways.B.BearGryllsSurvival&

BOSS28-DayFieldSurvival.C.AncientPathways&MountainScoutSurvivalSchool.D.BOSS28-DayFieldSurvival&MountainScoutSurvivalSchool.23

.Thispassageisintendedfor___.A.militaryenthusiastsB.outdoorenthusiastsC.survivalexpertsD.educationexpertsBDearYear6atSnowdonValeCou

ntySecondarySchool,Doyourememberweagreedtocirculateourideasforourschoolprojectthisyear?Well,hereisoursu

ggestionandwehopeyouwilljoinustodevelopit.Theideacametousintheautumnof2004whenourheadteachermadeanannouncementofanewstudentcomingfromacircus.Immedia

telytherewaswhispering,“Thosearedirtypeople!”;“Theyeatrawmeat!”;“Theywearrags!”...Theteacherstoppedthetalkings

eriously.Thenextmorningafterbeingintroducedtotheclass,Jakesatintheonlyspareseatnexttome.Hewassmallerthanmeand

haddirtyfingernails.Hisshirtwascleanbuthadbeenrepairedonmanyplaces.Asheseemedtohavenohandkerchiefandwassniffi

ngloudly,Ipassedhimoneofmine.Immediatelytheboysbehindmebegantowhisper,“He’llgiveyoutheplaguewhenhereturnsit!”Jakem

usthaveheardtheremarkstoo.Heseemedtobehavinggreatdifficultywithhismathematicstask.SoIleanedoverandexplainedtheproblemstohim.Ashelistened,hismouthsp

litintoadazzlingsmile.Hiseyeslitupasifalighthadbeenturnedonandhereturnedtotheexerciseswithenthusiasm.Hefinishedthemqui

cklyandproudlypresentedthemtotheteacher.“Welldone,Jake,”sheapproved.“Nowyoucangoandworkonournewdatabase.”Jakebeamedandwassoonbusysorting

outinformationandaddingmoreofhisown.IthoughtabouthowJake’slifewouldbe.Irememberedseeingthecampsiteandthinkinghowpoorthefacilitieswer

e:onlyonetapforwater,noparticularplacetoputrubbishandasmalldirtywashingandtoiletarea.Iwonderedthatiftheywereimproved,t

henperhapspeoplewouldnolongerberudetohim.Idecidedtohelp.Thisyear,weinourschoolplantoimprovethecampsite.Hopeyouwilljoinus.Bestwishes.FredSams

MeadowsideCountySecondarySchool24.WhydidtheotherstudentshaveunfriendlyremarksonJake?A.BecauseJakewasseeneati

ngrawmeat.B.BecauseJakelivedonacircuscampsite.C.BecauseJakewasnotgoodatmathematics.D.BecauseJakewasst

ruckbyaterribleplague.25.WhatcanbelearnedfromParagraph3?A.Jake’sclothingwasexactlywhattheotherstudentsexpected.B.Fred

SamsstoppedhelpingJakewhenotherboysheldhimback.C.Jakebrokeintoasmilebecausehefoundconfidenceinmathematics.D.Jakedidn’treplytothenegativeremarksbecaus

ehedidn’thearthem.26.WhatcanbestdescribeJakeaccordingtothepassage?A.Friendlyandpolite.BImpoliteandco

ld.C.Dullandreserved.D.Smartandenthusiastic.27.WhatisFred’spurposeinwritingthisletter?A.TonarratethestoryabouthisfriendshipwithJake.B.To

callforotherstudents’helpwithaschoolproject.C.Tocriticisethediscriminationagainstcertainstudents.D.Todrawattentiontothepoorfacilitiesofthecampsite.C

SearchengineshavechangedthewayweusetheInternet,puttingvastsourcesofinformationjustafewclicksaway.ButHarvardprofessorofpsychologyLi

neDanielWegner’srecentresearchprovesthatwebsitesandtheInternetarechangingthewayourmemoriesfunction.H

islateststudyshowsthatwhenpeoplehaveaccesstosearchengines,theyrememberfewerfactsandlessinformationbecausetheyknowtheycanrelyon“search”

asareadilyavailableshortcut.WegnerbelievesthenewfindingsshowthattheInternethasbecomepartofatransactivememory(交互记忆)source,amethodb

ywhichourbrainsdivideinformation.Transactivememoryexistsinmanyforms,aswhenahusbandreliesonhiswifetorememberarelative’sbirthday.Youdon’thavet

oremembereverythingintheworldyourself.Youjusthavetorememberwhoknowsit.Nowcomputersandtechnologyarebecomingvirtualextensionsofourmemory.Wegnercond

uctedseveralexperimentstodemonstratethephenomenon,usingvariousformsofmemoryrecalltotestrelianceoncomputers.Inoneexpe

riment,participantsdemonstratedthattheyweremorelikelytothinkofcomputertermslike“Yahoo”or“Google”afterbeingaskedasetofdifficulttriviaquestions

.Inanother.experiment,participantstypedsomestatementsintoacomputerandtheyweretoldthestatementswouldbesavedinspecificfolders.Next,theywer

easkedtorecallthestatements.Finally,theyweregivencuestothewordingandaskedtonamethefolderswherethestatementswerestored.

Theparticipantsprovedbetterabletorecallthefolderlocationsthanthestatementsthemselves.Wegneradmitsthatquestionsremainaboutwhetherdependenceoncomp

uterswillaffectmemoriesnegatively:“Nobodyknowsnowwhattheeffectsofthesetoolsareonlogicalthinking.”Studentswhohavetroublerememberingdistinctfacts,fore

xample,maystruggletoemploythosefactsincriticalthinking.Buthebelievesthatthesituationoverallisbeneficial,comparingdependenceoncomputerstodependenceona

mechanicalhand(机械手).Andeventhoughwemaynotbeusingourmemoriestorecalldistinctfacts,wearestillusingthemtoconsiderwherethefactsarelocat

edandhowtoaccessthem.“Westillhavetorememberthings,”Wegnerexplains.“We’rejustrememberingadifferentrangeofthings.”28.Whydoes

thewritermention“ahusbandreliesonhiswifetorememberarelative’sbirthday”inParagraph2?A.Toshowthatpeoplewh

oarecloselyrelatedtendtohavesharedmemories.B.Todemonstratehowpeopleinitiallydevelopedexternalsourcesofmemory.C.Toemphasizetheeffectivene

ssandaccuracyoftransactivememorysources.D.Toillustratetheconceptofatransactivememorysourceusingafamiliarsituation.29.Whatdo

peopletendtodointheexperimentwhenaskedtoprovideunfamiliarfacts?A.Thinkofspecificinformationsources.B.Recallthemfromtheirdeepmemor

ies.C.Typeintocomputerandrememberthem.D.Linktheunfamiliarfactstotheirexperiences.30.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Relianceon

computersdoesnotnecessarilyreducehumanmemory.B.Computershavehelpedpeopletounderstandthememorysystembetter.C.Compu

terdependenceaffectsourthinkingcapacitiesinotherdistinctfields.D.Researchesshouldbedonetorevealthesideeffectofco

mputerdependence.DThereisaphotoinmycollectionthatIpulloutfromtimetotimetoremindmyselfofanoldvacation.I

t’sapictureofmefromthelate1970sonabenchinLondon’sVictoriaStation,myheadrestingagainstawall,eyesclosedwithtire

dness,clothesmessedup.Iusedtolovethatshot.Itwasevidenceofmyleisuretime,oftravel,ofinterruptionfromtheo

ffice:milescovered,sightsseen,trainstationsracedthrough,goalsachieved.However,asIleaveworktohitthevacationtrai

lthissummer,Itakealongsomethingextra.Thistravelingcompanionhasahabitofruiningtripswithfeelingsofguilt—theguiltthatcomesfromattemptingtovac

ationwhilethinkingofthejob.Theconflictbetweenthetimewewantoffandtheguiltwefeelwhenweactuallygiveintol

eisureisalong-runningbattlethathasgonetoofar,drivenbyanover-schedulingcraze.Ithasmademanyfeelasiftheirfreemomentsareaformoftruancy(玩忽职

守).It’shardtotakeiteasywhenyou’vebeenprogrammednotto.Wehavebeentaughtforgenerationsthatworkistheonlygoal.Timethatisunfilledisevil,weareledtobe

lieve,andunplannedenjoymentshouldbeavoided.Thisisreinforcedtodaybyaworkplaceculturethatwantsyoutobelievethatad

vancementdependsonyourstayingonthejob.Researchnowshows,however,thatleisuretimecandosomethingjobadvancementandmoneycan’t.Leisureactivitiesin

creaseyourdesiretoworkleadershipskills,yoursenseofawarenessandyourabilitytochange.Freetimealsopromotesapositivemoodandse

nseofwell-being,becauseitdevelopsself-worth.Deepdown,everyoneknowsweneedtimeofftomakeourlivesbetter.Onholidayusingyourproductiv

eoutputasameasureofyourselfdoesn’twork.Thisisbecauseavacationisn’taboutoutput;it’saboutinput—exploring,le

arning,reflecting.Themagicofaholidayisintheexperienceitself.Thisisthesameaslifesatisfaction;itcan’tbemeasured,onlyfelt.Thebestpartofavacatio

nisn’tgoingsomewhereelse;it’sbeingwhereyouare,fullyinvolvedintheexperience.31.Theauthormentionsthephotoatthebeginningbecause____.A

.itshowshowexhaustingleisuretravelcanbeB.itbringsbackgoodmemoriesofaleisurelytourC.itshowsthewriteronceconsider

edleisuretravelasagoalinitselfD.itprovesinterruptionsfromtheofficedonotspoiltheenjoymentoftravel32.Whatdoestheunderlinedphr

ase“thistravelingcompanion”inParagraph3referto?A.Enjoyingleisuretime.B.Thinkingofone’sgoals.,C.Interruptionsfromtheoffice.D.Thefeelingofguiltfornotwo

rking.33.Whatisoneofthemainbenefitsofleisuretimeaccordingtothearticle?A.Itimprovesyourproductivity.B.Itisgoodforpersonaldevelopment.C.Itleadsdirectl

ytojobadvancement.D.Ithelpsyouseeyourgoalsinlifemoreclearly.34.Accordingtotheauthor,whatshouldwedowhileonvacation?A.Avoidmuchunplannedenjoyment.B.I

gnorejobadvancementandmoney.C.Judgethevacationbyproductiveoutput.D.Enjoytheexperienceofbeingonvacation.第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10

分)根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowtoDoaProperSocialMediaDetoxDespitetheinvolvementofdopamine(多巴胺),so

cialmediaaddictionisapsychologicaladdiction.Youneedtostoprewardingyourcurrentdopaminetriggerssothatyourbraincanreturntonormal.___35___Plus,you’r

emorelikelytocontinuouslygobackintoaddictionwithlittlehits.Herearethesimplestepstoatruesocialmediadetox:●Deactivateyour

accounts.___36___Anditwillalsosignaltoyourfriendsthatyou’reonadetox.ItiseasytofindouthowtodeactivateFacebook,Instag

ram,andLinkedIn.●Uninstallallsocialmediaapps.Thiswilleliminateallofthosenotificationsandalertsthatplaysuchacrucialroleins

ocialmediaaddiction.Andyouwon’tbeaslikelytopoponeofthoseappsopeninmomentsofboredomorstillness.●Blockallsocialmediasites.T

hisisforyourcomputerslaptops,andtablets.Useoneofthesewebfilteringtoolstorestrictaccesstosocialmediasites.___37___Ialsoh

aveOpenDNSonmyrouter,whichblockssitesforalldevicesconnectedtoit.●___38___It’snotenoughtoremovesocialmediafromyourday

.Youneedtofillthatemptyspacewithsomethingelse.Otherwise,you’rejustgoingtoclawyourwayback.Irecommendlearningnewskills,wheth

er,creativehobbies,geekyDIYhobbies,orevenhobbyprogramming.●Stickwiththedetoxlongenough.Whilestudiesarestilllimitedonthis,mostexpertsagreethatittakes

approximatelythreemonths(or100days)fordopaminelevelstoreturntonormal.Itmaytakelongerdependingonhowlongandhowintenselyyou’vebeenaddicted.___39__

_Onelastwordofadvice:Don’tpanic.Adetoxdoesn’thavetobepermanent—itjusthastobelongenoughtorewireyourbrainandbreakyououtoftheendlessd

opaminecycle.Youcanalwayscomebacklater.A.Takeamomentandsearchyourheart.B.MypreferredtoolisK9WebProte

ction.C.Replacesocialmediawithanotheractivity.D.Thiswillserveasafenceagainstyoursuddenwishtocheckin.E.Youc

an’tdoadetoxifyou’refeedingyourappetitehereandthere.F.Sodon’tbesurprisedifittakesupwardsofsixmonthsorevenayear.G

.Likemostaddictions,ittakesholdofyoulongbeforeyourealizeitevenexists.第三部分书面表达(共两节，满分32分)第一节:(共4小题;第40、41题各2分,

:第42题3分,:第43题5分,:共12分)阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。Computers,smartphones,andaudioplayersareanessentialpartofstudents’everydaylives.Thatmeanst

hatwheneverstudentsaredoinghomework,theyaregoingtobefacedwiththeproblemofusingtheirdevicesforpurposesotherthanlearning.Instea

dofconcentratingononetask,theyareperformingmultipletasks.AccordingtotheresearchbyLarryRosen,publishedinthejournalCompute

rsinHumanScience,studentsspendupto45%oftheirhomeworktimeonvarioustasksunrelatedtotheirstudies.Studentsoftengetdistractedbythe

irphonesorusetheirlaptopsforunauthorized(未经许可的)activities.Often,studentsthinkthattheyareabletomultitaskeffectively,wi

thoutsacrificingtheirstudies.However,theresearchshowsthatitistrueinonly5%ofallcases.Butwhydoteenagersmultitask?Theanswerissimple:multitaskingmakesus

feelgood.Astheresearchindicates,theentertainmentgainedfromsecondaryactivitiesduringstudiesmakeslearnersfeelbetteremotionally.Wa

tchingTVortalkingtoyourfriendsbyemailispleasantandhelpsstudentsfightboredomwhiledoinghomeworkorlisteningtoalecturetheyfindboring.A

notherreasonwhystudentsmultitaskisthattheysimplydonotseethenegativeimpactithasontheircoursework.Teenagersoftenoverratetheirabilities.Thes

eeminglytinydistractions,however,resultinaconstantneedtoswitchfocusandsortoutinformation,injuringthebrainbyo

veruseandmakingtheprocessinefficient.However,theeffectsofmultitaskingarenotentirelynegative.TheresearchconductedbyHKUindicatesthatpeo

plewhoroutinelymultitaskareabletousetheirsensesinconjunction(结合)moreeasily.Otherresearchalsoshowsthat

multitaskinghasapositiveeffectontheabilitytopassjudgmentandsolveproblemsquicklyandefficiently.40.WhatdoestheresearchbyLa

rryRosentellus?_________________________________________________________________________41.Accordingtothetext,whydoteenagersmultitask?_________

________________________________________________________________42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitand

explainwhy.Multitasking,whichinjuresthebrainbyoveruseandmakesthelearningprocessinefficient,hasnopositiveeffect

sonstudents._________________________________________________________________________43.Willyouchoosetomu

ltitaskwhendoinghomework?Whyorwhynot?(Inabout40words)_________________________________________________________________________第二节作文(20分)44.假设你是

红星中学高二学生李华。你的英国好友Jim在给你的邮件中提到他对中华优秀传统文化感兴趣，并请你给他推荐一本中国名著。请你用英文给Jim回一封电子邮件，内容包括：1.该名著的基本信息（书名、作者）；2.该名著的主要内容；3.推荐该名著的理由。注意：1.词数100词左右；2.开头和结尾已给出，不

计入总词数。DearJim,_________________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

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