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新余四中2020届高考年级上学期第一次段考英语试卷第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）1.Whatdoesthewomanadvisethemantodo?A.Buyanewcamera.B.Learntos

hootpictures.C.Keepthecameraclean.2.Whatistheman’smajor?A.Engineering.B.Philosophy.C.Physics.3.What’sMary’suniversi

tylifelike?A.Exciting.B.Terrible.C.Ordinary.4.Whyisthewomanangry?A.Herwatchis10minutesfast.B.Thenoodlestastesalty.C.Herorderhasn’tcomeyet.5.Wh

atdoesthewomanimply?A.There’sagoodreasontogoonthetrip.B.Shetotallyagreeswiththeman.C.Therainforestcan’tbefun.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.

5分，满分22.5分）听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。6.Howdidthemangetinterestedinbaseball?A.Fromhiscollegeteachers.B.Fromhishighschoolfri

ends.C.Fromthegrown-upsaroundhim.7.Whendidthemanplaybaseballmuch?A.Afterbecomingaprofessionalbaseballplayer.B.Duringtheschoolyears.C.Sincet

heretirement.听下面一段对话，回答第8至第10三个小题。8.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Atapolicestation.B.Ataposto

ffice.C.Ataschool.9.Whatdidn’tthewomantakewithher?A.Anotice.B.HerIDcard.C.Herhusband’sIDcard.10.Howmuchshouldthewomanpaytomo

rrow?A.$2.B.$4.C.$6.听下面一段对话，回答第11至第13三个小题。11.Whendoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inthemorning.B.Intheafternoon.C.Intheevening.12.Howwill

thespeakersgototheconcert?A.Bybus.B.Bytaxi.C.Bysubway.13.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodonow?A.Havesomefood.B.Goshopp

ing.C.Takearest.听下面一段对话，回答第14至第17三个小题。14.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Sports.B.Schoollife.C.Hobbies.15.Howmanyclassesarether

eintheman’sschool?A.20.B.30.C.40.16.Whenisthecookinggroupopentostudents?A.OnTuesday.B.OnWednesday.C.OnFriday.17.Whatwillthemand

onext?A.Playcomputergames.B.Getsportstraining.C.Attendaclass.听下面一段独白，回答第18至第20三个小题。18.Howlonghasthespeakerworkedhere?A.Morethanoneye

ar.B.Morethantwoyears.C.Morethanfouryears.19.Whomisthespeakerprobablyspeakingto?A.Teachers.B.Historians.C.Students.20.Whencanpeoplecont

actthespeakerforhelp?A.Anytimeoftheday.B.Onlyduringdaytime.C.Duringfixedofficehours.第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短

文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AForgetCyclists,PedestriansareRealDangerWearehavingadebateaboutthis

topic.Herearesomelettersfromourreaders.■Yes,manycyclistsbehavedangerously.Manydriversaredisrespectfulofcyclists

Butpedestriansareprobablytheworseoffenders.Peopleofallageshappilywalkalongthepavementwitheyesandhandsgluedtothemobile

phone,quiteunawareofwhatisgoingonaroundthem.Theymayevendothesamethingwhilecrossingaroadatapedestriancrossingorel

sewhere.Therestofushavetoevade(避让)themorjuststandstilltowaitfortheunavoidablecollision.Therealproblemisthatsomepedestriansseemtobe,atle

astforthemoment,inworldsoftheirownthatare,tothem,muchmoreimportantthanthewelfareofothers.——MichaelHoran■IlovedtheletterfromBobBrooksabou

tcyclists(Viewpoints,May29).Iamafraidtheyseemtothinktheyowntheroads.IwaswalkingacrossAltrincharnRoadonemorningwhenacyclistwentroundmeandonbeingaske

dwhathewasdoingheshoutedatme.Thegovernmentbuiltacyclelaneontheroadbutitishardlyused.Thepolicedonothing.Whatalaughtheyare!Thecyc

listsshouldallhavetobemadetousethecyclelanesandwearhelmets,fluorescent(发荧光的)jacketandtightsatnightandinthemorning.Theyshouldpaysomesorto

ftaxandbefinedfornotwearingthem.——CarolHarvey■Cyclistsjumponandoffpavements(whicharemeantforpedestrians),rideatspeedal

ongthepavements,andthinktheyhaveaspecialrighttogothroughtrafficlightswhentheyareonred.Iwasalmostknockeddownrecentlybyac

yclistridingonthepavementwhentherewasacyclelanerightnexttohim.Otherroadusers,includinghorseriders,managetoobeytherulessowhynotcyclists?It

’sabouttimetheyhadtoberegisteredandinsured,sowhentheydohitapedestrianoravehicle,orcauseanaccident,atleasttheycanbetracedandtheremightbeanopportuni

tytoclaim.——JMLWritetoViewpointsofthenewspaper.1.MichaelHoranwrotethelettermainlytoshowthat________.A.driversshouldbepolitetocyclis

tsB.roadaccidentscanactuallybeavoidedC.somepedestriansareathreattoroadsafetyD.walkingwhileusingphoneshumone’seyes2.CarolHarveysuggeststhatcyc

listsshould________.A.beprovidedwithenoughroadsB.beaskedtorideontheirownlanesC.bemadetopaylesstaxforcyclingD.befinedforlaughingatpo

licemen3.Theunderlineword“they”inthethirdletterrefersto________.A.accidentsB.vehiclesC.pedestriansD.cyclists4.Thethree

letterspresentviewpointson________.A.realsourcesofroaddangerB.waystoimproveroadfacilitiesC.measurestopunishroadoffencesD.increaseda

warenessofroadrules【答案】1.C2.B3.D4.A【解析】这是一篇社会生活类文章。文章列出了三封信来探讨一个问题：谁才是马路安全的威胁？【1题详解】细节理解题。由MichaelHoran所写信的内容，尤其是“manycyclistsbeha

vedangerously.Manydriversaredisrespectfulofcyclists.Butpedestriansareprobablytheworseoffenders”可知，MichaelHoran认为骑自行车的人

和司机都很危险。但是，行人可能是更严重的罪犯，他们对道路安全存在威胁。结合选项可知，C选项正确。【2题详解】细节理解题。由CarolHarvey所写的信中的“Thecyclistsshouldallhavetobemadetousethecy

clelanesandwearhelmets”可知，CarolHarvey认为骑自行车的人应该使用自行车道去骑车，而且要戴着头盔。故B选项正确。【3题详解】词义猜测题。由JML所写的信中的“Otherroadusers,inc

ludinghorseriders,managetoobeytherulessowhynotcyclists?It'sabouttimetheyhadtoberegisteredandinsured,sowhentheydohitapede

strianoravehicle,orcauseanaccident,atleasttheycanbetreatedandtheremightbeanopportunitytoclaim”可知，JML认为，骑自行车

的人也应该遵守规定。他们应该进行登记。当他们撞到行人或者车辆，引发车祸的时候，他们很快就能被查到。故they指的是骑自行车的人。D选项正确。【4题详解】主旨大意题。由文章开头“ForgetCyclists,P

edestriansareRealDanger.Wearehavingadebateaboutthistopic.Herearesomelettersfromourreaders.”以及三封信的具体内容可知，这篇文章主要探

讨了谁是道路安全的隐患，是骑自行车的人，还是行人？故A选项正确。【名师点睛】代词指代题要求同学们根据语境的逻辑关系、判断画线的人称代词或指示代词在文章中指代的对象，包括考查it（指动物，无生命的事物、特定的事件或人），they/them(指

代人、物、事件的复数名词)，he/she等人称代词的指代意义，以及指示代词this，that，these，those等在文章中的指代意义，考查同学们对文章中叙述特定的人，物，事件的认知能力。解答这类题时，同学们要认真阅读画线词所在句和前后临近句的

内容，分析人称转换和动作变换的详细过程，理清来龙去脉和前后的因果关系，从而准确推断其指代的对象。例如，在第3小题中，同学们要将最后两段都读完，才能理清they指代的对象。仅凭they所在句是无法推理出其指代意义的。BAccording

totheInternationalEcotourismSociety,eco-travelis“responsibletraveltonaturalareasthatprotectstheenvironment,maintainsthewell-bein

gsandinvolveseducation”.Eco-travelisontherise,asmoreandmorepeoplebecomeconsciousabouttheircarbonfootpri

nt.ExpertfromBoundlessJourneys,MattHolmes,whoworks-ontravelexperiencestowardsconservingareassaid,“Asscientistsandnon-scientists

learnmoreabouthowwehumanbeingsareimpactingtheplanet,Ithink.morepeoplewanttodowhattheycanwhilestillexploringtheworld.Ourgue

stsaredefinitelyinterestedinthataspectofourjourneys.TravelerscanfarmtheirownfoodinItaly,managingtheiruseofwaterandusingsolarorwindpower.The

ycanalsovisitnfamily-runcampthatcaresforretiredloggingelephantsinMyanmar,knowaparkentryfeegoestoaconservationorganizationinCostaRica,employ

andtrainmembersofthelocalcommunityorpartnerwithaprotectiongroup.Therearelotsofoptionsforseekingoutgreenerholiday.”Mostpeoplebeli

evethateco-travelisexpensiveanditistrue.Mattexplained“Anti-poachingpatrols(巡逻)needtobepaid,solarenergyequipmentco

stsalottoinstall,buildingwithenvironmentallyfriendly,materialsismoreexpensiveandsoon.Theextracostisnecessary,asyourepayingtomin

imizeyourfootprintandprotecttheplacesyouvisit,whichisexactlywhateco-travelisabout.Thefinancialsuccessandsustainability(可持续性)o

faneco-focusedoperationdoesn’tcomefromthinair.”Theindustryistryingtomakeeco-travelaffordableandmakeitaccessibletothecommonpeo

ple.5.Whatisthepositiveinfluenceofeco-friendlytravel?A.ItenablestravelerstoprotecttheenvironmentwhiletravelingB.Itkeepshumanbeingshealthya

ndhappyinafriendlyatmosphere.C.Itteachesustoberesponsibleforthedevelopmentofeconomy.D.Itofferssomevaluableeducationabouttheknowledgeo

fgardening.6.AccordingtoMattHolmes,travelerswillbeinterestedin________.A.eatingdeliciousfoodinItalyB.visitingelephantsint

hezooC.workingtogetherwithaprotectiongroupD.raisingparkentryfeeinCostaRica7.Whatwillprobablybetalkedaboutinthenextparagrap

hofthepassage?A.Whyeco-travelisexpensive.B.Howwecanmakeeco-travellessexpensive.C.Whatmaterialareusedineco-travel.D.Wherewecangoforeco-travel

.【答案】5.A6.C7.B【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章主要讲了生态旅游的意义、影响以及未来的发展方向。【5题详解】细节理解题。答案定位在第一段AccordingtotheInternational

EcotourismSociety,eco-travelis“responsibletraveltonaturalareasthatprotectstheenvironment,maintainsthewell-beingsandinvolvese

ducation”.（根据国际生态旅游协会的说法，生态旅游是“对保护环境、维护福祉、涉及教育的自然区域负责任的旅游”。）可知环保旅游的积极影响是它使旅行者在旅行时保护环境，故选A。【6题详解】细节理解题。答

案定位在第二段Ourguestsaredefinitelyinterestedinthataspectofourjourneys.以及employandtrainmembersofthelocalcommunityorpartnerwithaprotect

iongroup.可知据MattHolmes说，旅行者将有兴趣与一个保护组织合作，故选C。【7题详解】推理判断题。答案定位在最后一段Theindustryistryingtomakeeco-travelaffordableandmakeitaccessible

tothecommonpeople.（该行业正在努力使生态旅游变得负担得起，让普通民众也能享受到。）由此推断出接下来一个自然段，会谈论如何降低生态旅游的成本，故选B。CThetraditionaltentcitiesatfestivalssuchasGlastonbury

mayneverbethesameagain.Inavictoryofgreenbusinessthatiscertaintoappealtoenvironmentally-awaremusic-lovers,adesignst

udentistoreceivefinancialsupporttoproduceeco-friendlytentsmadeofcardboardthatcanberecycledafterthebandsandthecrow

dshavegonehome.MajorfestivalssuchasGlastonburythrowawaysome10,000abandonedtentsattheendofeventseachyear.ForhisfinalyearprojectattheUnive

rsityoftheWestofEngland,JamesDunlopcameupwithamaterialthatcanberecycled.AndtocopewiththeBritishsumme

r,thecardboardhasbeenmadewaterproof.TakinginspirationfromaJapanesearchitect,whohasusedcardboardtomakebigbuildingsincludin

gchurches,Mr.Dunlopusedcardboardmaterialforhistents,whichhecalledMyhabs.ThedesignwonanawardattheannualNewDesignersExhibitionaft

erMr.Dunlopgraduatedfromhisproductdesigndegreeandhedecidedtotrytoturnitintoabusiness.Toraisemoneyforthei

dea,hetouredtheCity’sprivatecompanieswhichfundnewbusinessesandfoundasupporterinthefinancegroupMint.HeintroducedhisideatofourofMint’sdi

rectorsandwontheirsupport.Minthascommittedaround￡500,000toMyHabandtakenashareof30percentinMr.Dunlop’sbusiness.ThefirstMyhabsshouldbetestedatfes

tivalsthissummer,beforebeingmarketedfullynextyear.Mr.Dunlopsaidthatthedesign,whichaccommodatestwopeo

ple,couldhaveotheruses,suchasfordisasterreliefandhousingfortheLondonOlympics.Formusicevents,thecardb

oardhouseswillbeorderedonlineandputupatthesitesbytheMyhabteambeforethefestival-goersarriveandremovedbythecompanyafterwards.Theycanbepersonalizeda

ndthecompanywillofferreductionsontheexpenseifpeopleagreetosellexterior(外部的)advertisingspace.Thebiggestfestivalsat

tracttensofthousandsofparticipants,withGlastonhuryhavingsome150,000eachyear.Altogethertherearearound100annualmusicfest

ivalswherepeoplecampintheUK.Theeventsarebecomingincreasinglyenvironmentallyconscious.8.“Eco-friendlytents”inparagra

ph1refertotents.A.economicallydesirableB.favorabletotheenvironmentC.forholdingmusicperformancesD.designedfordisasterrelief9.Mr.Dunlopesta

blishedhisbusiness.A.independentlywithaninterest-freeloanfromMintB.withtheapprovaloftheCity’sadministrationC.inpartnershipwith

afinancegroupD.withthehelpofaJapanesearchitect10.Itisimpliedinthepassagethat.A.theweatherintheUK.ischangeableins

ummerB.mostperformancesatBritishfestivalsaregivenintheopenairC.thecardboardtentsproducedbyMr.Dunlopc

anbeuser-tailoredD.cardboardtentscanbeeasilyputupandremovedbyusers11.Thepassageismainlyconcernedwith.A.anattemptatdevelopingrecyc

labletentsB.someeffortsatmakingfulluseofcardboardsC.anunusualsuccessofagraduationprojectD.theeffectsofusingcardboardtentsonmusicfestivals【答案】8.

B9.C10.C11.A【解析】这是一篇说明文。为了让大型节日庆典更环保，JamesDunlop获得灵感研发了一种可循环利用的帐篷，目前他的想法已经得到一家公司的支持。这种新型环保帐篷有望在明年上市。【8题详解】

词义猜测题。根据第一段最后一句eco-friendlytentsmadeofcardboardthatcanberecycledafterthebandsandthecrowdshavegonehome.（eco-

friendly帐篷用纸板做，在乐队和人群离开回家后，可以重复使用）可知，这种帐篷是对环境有利的。另外，根据eco-friendly的构成也可猜出其含义为“对环境有利的”。B.favorabletotheenvironment.(对环境有力的)符合

eco-friendly的意思。故选B项。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段Toraisemoneyfortheidea,hetouredtheCity’sprivatecompanieswhichfundnewbusines

sesandfoundasupporterinthefinancegroupMint.（为了筹钱，他去了本地为新业务提供资金的公司，其中财团Mint成为他的支持者）可知，Mr.Dunlop与Mint为合作关系。故选C项。【10题详解】

推理判断题。倒数第二段最后一句“Theycanbepersonalized"（它们可以个性化定制）暗示可以根据用户的要求来制作，选项CthecardboardtentsproducedbyMr.Dunlopcanbeuser-tailored（他生产的帐篷可以为使用者专门定做）符合意思。故选C项

。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段中的Inavictoryofgreenbusinessthatiscertaintoappealtoenvironmentally-awaremusic-lovers,adesig

nstudentistoreceivefinancialsupporttoproduceeco-friendlytentsmadeofcardboardthatcanberecycledafterthebandsandthecrowdshav

egonehome.（绿色商业的胜利一定会吸引有环保意识的音乐爱好者，一名设计专业的学生将获得财政支持，用纸板制作环保帐篷，这些帐篷在乐队和人群回家后可以回收）可知本篇主要讲，设计专业学生尝试使用纸板制作可回收的环保帐篷。A.ana

ttemptatdevelopingrecyclabletents（开发可回收帐篷的尝试）可以概括本篇大意。故选A项。DSportsaccountsforagrowingamountofincomemadeonthesalesofcommercialtimebytele

visioncompanies.Manytelevisioncompanieshaveusedsportstoattractviewsfromparticularsectionsofthegeneralpublic,andthent

heyhavesoldaudiencestoadvertisers.AnattractionofsportsprogramsforthemajorU.S.mediacompanyisthateventsareoftenheldonSaturdayandSundayafterno

ons—theslowesttimeperiodsoftheweekforgeneraltelevisionviewing.Sporteventsarethemostpopularweekendprograms,especiall

yamongmaleviewerswhomaynotwatchmuchtelevisionatothertimesduringtheweek.Thismeansthetelevisionnetworksareablet

oselladvertisingtimeatrelativelyhighpricesduringwhatnormallywouldbedeadtimeforprogramming.Mediacorporatio

nsalsousesportstoattractcommercialsponsorsthatmighttaketheiradvertisingdollarselsewhereiftelevisionstationsdidno

treportcertainsports.Thepeopleintheadvertisingdepartmentsofmajorcorporationsrealizethatsportsattractmaleviewers.Theyalsorealizethatmos

tbusinesstravelersaremenandthatmanymenmakefamilydecisionsonthepurchasesofcomputers,carsandlifeinsurance.Golfandtennisarespecialcasesfort

elevisionprogramming.Thesesportsattractfewviewers,andtheratings(收视率)areunusuallylow.However,theaudienceforthe

sesportsisattractivetocertainadvertisers.ItismadeupofpeoplefromthehighestincomegroupsintheUnitedStates,includingmanyla

wyersandbusinessmanagers.Thisiswhytelevisionreportingofgolfandtennisissponsoredbycompaniessellinghigh-pricedcars,businessandpersonalcomputer

s,andholidaytrips.Thisisalsowhythenetworkscontinuetocarrytheseprogramsregardlessoflowratings.Advertisersarewillingtopayhighf

eestoreachhigh-incomeconsumersandthosemanagerswhomakedecisionstobuythousandsof“companycars”andcomputers.Withsuchviewers,t

heseprogramsdon’tneedhighratingstostayontheair.12.Whywouldweekendafternoonsbecomedeadtimewithoutspor

tprograms?A.BecausetherewouldbefewviewersB.Becausetheadvertiserswouldbeoffwork.C.Becausetelevisionprogramswouldgoslowly.D.Becauseviewerswo

uldpaylessforwatchingtelevision.13.Inmanyfamilies,menmakedecisionson_________.A.holidaytripsB.sportsviewingC.televisionshoppingD.expensivepurc

hases14.Whyaretheratingsnotimportantforgolfandtennisprograms?A.theiradvertisersarecarmakersB.theirviewersareattractedbysportsC.theirad

vertiserstargetatrichpeople.D.theirviewerscanaffordexpensivecars15.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Televisionratingsaredeterminedbymalevie

wers.B.Richviewerscontributemosttotelevisioncompanies.C.Sportsaregainingimportanceinadvertisingontelevi

sion.D.Commercialadvertisersarethemajorsponsorsofsportevents.【答案】12.A13.D14.C15.C【解析】这是一篇议论文。电视公司通过销售广告时间获得的收入中，体育运动所占份额呈增长之势。各个电视公司推出体育运动节目吸引

男性观看，从而让他们购买广告商的产品，例如汽车，电脑，保险等昂贵商品。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段中的Sporteventsarethemostpopularweekendprograms,especiallyamongmaleviewerswhomaynotwa

tchmuchtelevisionatothertimesduringtheweek.（运动节目是周末最受欢迎的节目，尤其是男性观众，他们一般不会在其它时间看电视）可推测出，如果没有运动节目，男性可能就不会看电视，那看的人就少了。综上

所述，A.Becausetherewouldbefewviewers（因为观众会更少）符合题意。故选A项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段最后一句manymenmakefamilydecisionsonthepurchasesofcomputers,car

sandlifeinsurance.（许多男性决定家庭里关于电脑，车和保险的购买）可知，家里的大件都是由男性决定购买的，这些东西花销一般较高。故选D项。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段的“Itismadeupofpeoplefromthe

highestincomegroupsintheUnitedStates,includingmanylawyersandbusinessmanagers.”和“Thisisalsowhythenetworkscontin

uetocarrytheseprogramsregardlessoflowratings.”可知，虽然高尔夫和网球的收视率都比较低，但是因为这两个节目的目标人群是收入最高的人，所以收视率并不重要。C.theiradvertiserstargetatrichpeople.（他们的广告客户

针对的是有钱人）符合题意。故选C项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段Sportsaccountsforagrowingamountofincomemadeonthesalesofcommercialtimebytelevisioncompan

ies.Manytelevisioncompanieshaveusedsportstoattractviewsfromparticularsectionsofthegeneralpublic,andthentheyhavesoldaudiencestoadvertisers.（电视公司通过销售广

告时间获得的收入中，体育运动所占份额呈增长之势。许多电视公司利用体育来吸引特定的人群观看，然后把观众卖给广告商）可知，运动类在电视广告中变得越来越重要。C.Sportsaregainingimportancein

advertisingontelevision.（运动在电视广告中获得重要性）可以概括本篇主题。故选C项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowtheElderlyAreTreatedAr

oundtheWorldHowculturesviewandtreattheirelderlyiscloselylinkedtotheirmostprizedvaluesandqualities.____16____IntheU

SandUK,Protestantism(新教)isatplay.Westernculturestendtobeyouth-centric,stressingqualitieslikeindependence.____17____Ittiesaperson’svaluetohisorherabil

itytowork–somethingthatbecomesweakerinoldage.Astheirhealthbecomesworse,theelderlyintheseculturesoftenmovetooldpeople’shomesandnursinghomes.InFranc

e,parentsareprotectedbylaw.ItisdifficulttoimagineanElderlyRightsLawbeingafocusinthelawsofmanyWesterncultures

.Francedid,however,passasimilarlawin2004._____18_____OnewasagroupofofficialstatisticsshowingFrancehadthehighestra

teofpensionersuicidesinEurope,andtheotherwastheaftermathofaheatwavethatkilled15,000people,mostofwhomwereelderlya

ndhadbeendeadforweeksbeforetheywerefound._____19_____NativeAmericanculturestraditionallyacceptdeathasafactoflife.I

nmanyNativeAmericanareas,eldersarerespectedfortheirwisdomandlifeexperiences.WithinNativeAmericanfamilies,it’scommonfortheel

derstobeexpectedtopassdowntheirlearningtoyoungermembersofthefamily.ThewaytocareforChineseeldersischanging.Chinesefamilies

traditionallyviewrespectforone’seldersasthehighestvirtue,accordingtotheConfuciantradition.Adultchildrenaregenerallyexpectedtocareforthei

rparentsintheiroldage._____20_____Nursinghomesarebeginningtobecomeamoresociallyacceptableoptionforelderlycare.A.However,this

traditionisbeginningtobreakdownduetorisinglifetimeandanagingpopulation.B.IntheAfrican-Americanarea,deathisseenasanopportunitytocele

bratelife.C.Here’swhatwecanlearnfromotherculturesabouttreatingtheelderly.D.ButChinafacestheuniqueproblemoftendingtoanincreasing

lyelderlypopulation.E.NativeAmericanelderspassdowntheirknowledge.F.Itwasonlypassedfollowingtwodisturbingevents,though.G.Thisr

elatesbacktotheProtestantworkrules.【答案】16.C17.G18.F19.E20.A【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了各种文化下对待老人的方式和老人在该文化中所处的地位。【16题详

解】全文围绕HowtheElderlyAreTreatedAroundtheWorld，此处需要一个承上启下的过渡句，既要对应全文主旨，又要引出下文，因此C项（以下是我们可以从其他文化中学习到的对待老人的方法）符合语境。【17

题详解】本段主旨是讲英美两国对待老人受到新教影响，所以西方文化往往以年轻人为中心，强调个人主义和独立自主等特质，故G项（这一点与新教工作伦理有关）符合语境。【18题详解】本空前提及法国在2004年通过了一项保护老人的法令，本空后又提到了两个事件，分别由one…theo

ther…引导，正好与F项中的twodisgustingevents相对应，故F项（然而，它还是在两件令人不安的事后通过的）符合语境。【19题详解】本段主要讲的是尽管当代美国文化中，大部分人谈死色变，但传统上，美洲原住居民却认为死亡是一件自然而然的事，美洲原住居民部落里，老人因其智慧和生活经历

受到尊重，通常由长者把知识传给家里的年轻人，故E项（美洲原住居民的长者将他们的知识传承下来）符合语境。【20题详解】本段围绕中国对老人照顾的方式正在发生改变，本空前提及按照中国儒家传统，中国家庭将孝顺和尊敬老师视为做人的最高美德，成年子女通常需要照看

年迈的父母，本空后又提及养老院成为更被人接受的养老选择，故A项（但由于寿命的增加和人口老龄化，这种传统在中国开始瓦解）符合语境。第三部分完形填空（共20小题；第小题1.5分，满分30分）第一节：阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A.B.C和D）中选出可以填入空白处的最佳

选项。Manuelagotupearlierandboughttwobagsofcatfood.Shebegangoingtothe_____21_____barbershoponthecorner,makingherweeklyvisittoseeHussein,th

eoldbarber.Husseinwasboth_____22_____anddelightedtoseeManuelaandthebagsoffood.Thetwohurriedovertothetinyfooddish

eslinedupinthealley.Several_____23_____appearedsoon.Asthetwo____24____andmadetheirwaybackinsidetheshop,Huss

ein’ssmile_____25_____andheexplainedhewasaboutto____26____thebarbershop.Hehadbeentoldtoleavewithin7days.His__

___27_____barbershopsimplycouldn’tpayenoughrentandthelandlordhadinvitedanotherroomer,onewhowouldn'tbe_____28_____animalsoutside.Ma

nuela’seyesbeganto_____29_____asHusseinexpressedhis_____30_____aboutthehomelesscatshecaredfor.Butasfa

te(命运)wouldhaveit,therewassomethingbetter_____31_____forthebarberandhiscats.AsManuela’sblogsupportersreadher_____32_____aboutHussein,they

,oneafteranother,_____33_____donatingtohimandhiscats.Everydayforthenextweek,ManuelawenttoHusseinwiththe_____34_____.Andonthefo

urthday,somethingunbelievablehappenedwhenHusseinwasableto______35______astorefrontinanoldbuildingnearhisshop.Noelectr

icity,_____36_____therewaspotential.Manuelaandotherpeople_____37_____tohelppaintandclearrubbishwhileelectrician

smadeallthenecessary_____38_____.Inlessthantwoweeks,thebarberwasbackin_____39_____again.Throughthekindnessofstrangers,__

__40____,hisandhiscats'wholeworldwasbroughtback.21.A.independentB.familiarC.expensiveD.ancient22.A.gratefulB.patientC.

carefulD.attractive23.A.neighborsB.barbersC.catsD.customers24.A.spokeoutB.backedoffC.setoffD.finishedoff25.A.fadedB.frozeC.reap

pearedD.accumulated26.A.rebuildB.sellC.loseD.decorate27.A.dullB.classicC.remoteD.wide28.A.purchasingB.feedin

gC.shelteringD.collecting29.A.glareB.openC.shineD.flood30.A.promisesB.adorationC.anxietyD.comments31.A.instoreB.bychanceC.onpurposeD.atpresent32.A.re

viewB.letterC.postD.invitation33.A.suggestedB.rememberedC.reportedD.began34.A.congratulationsB.decisionsC.announc

ementsD.contributions35.A.returnB.obtainC.protectD.spot36.A.whenB.andC.butD.so37.A.camebyB.cheeredupC.brokeaw

ayD.droppedout38.A.appointmentsB.connectionsC.assumptionsD.budgets39.A.comparisonB.advanceC.companyD.business4

0.A.normallyB.thankfullyC.naturallyD.directly【答案】21.B22.A23.C24.D25.A26.C27.A28.B29.D30.C31.A32.C33.D34.D35.B36.C37.A38.B

39.D40.B【解析】这是一篇记叙文。理发师Hussein的理发店生意不好，他面临不得不搬离的困境，他很忧郁，因为他再也不能照顾那些流浪猫了。Manuela在社交媒体上发了一条有关Hussein事情的帖子，结果得到了很多网友的捐款。于是，在这些好心人的帮助

下，Hussein得以找到新的门面，继续理发和照顾流浪猫。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她准备去角落里那个熟悉的理发店，去看望理发师Hussein，这是她每周都做的事情。A.independent独立的；B.

familiar熟悉的；C.expensive昂贵的；D.ancient古代的。根据句中的weekly可知，她经常去理发店，所以很熟悉。故选B项。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：看见Manuela和猫粮，理发师既高兴又感激。A.grateful感

激的；B.patient耐心的；C.careful小心的；D.attractive有吸引力的。联系上下文可知，流浪猫是理发师照顾的，所以对别人买的猫粮他心存感激，符合语境。故选A项。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：很快，几只猫出现了。A.neighbors邻居；B.barbers理发师

；C.cats猫；D.customers顾客。根据上文提到的Thetwohurriedovertothetinyfooddisheslinedupinthealley可知他们去了放餐盘的地方，目的是喂猫，所以猫出现了，符合逻辑。故选C项。【24题详解】考查动词短语辨析。

句意：他们喂完了猫，就回到店里，Hussein脸上的笑容消失了，他说他不能待在理发店了。A.spokeout大声说；B.backedoff退后；C.setoff出发；D.finishedoff结束。根据句中的“madetheirwayback

insidetheshop”可知他们已经喂猫结束，所以才回去。故选D项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们喂完了猫，就回到店里，Hussein脸上的笑容消失了，他说他开不了理发店了。A.faded逐渐消失；

B.froze呆住；C.reappeared复现；D.accumulated积累。根据下文内容可知，理发师要对Manuela讲伤心的事情，此处笑容消失，符合语境。故选A项。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们喂完了猫，就回到店里，Hussein脸上的笑容消失了，他说他开不了理

发店了。A.rebuild重建；B.sell卖；C.lose失去；D.decorate装饰。根据下文提到的Hehadbeentoldtoleavewithin7days.（他被告知必须7天之内离开）可知，Hussein

不能再继续开理发店，选项中和此意义接近的是“lose”。故选C项。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他的理发店生意惨淡几乎付不了房租，房东已经邀请了另外一个租客，他不会喂养流浪动物。A.dull无聊的，惨淡的；B.classic经典的；C.remote遥远的；D

.wide宽的。根据句中的couldn’tpayenoughrent（付不了房租）可知生意不好。故选A项。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的理发店生意惨淡几乎付不了房租，房东已经邀请了另外一个租客，他不会喂养流浪动物。A.p

urchasing购买；B.feeding喂；C.sheltering掩护；D.collecting收集。联系上下文我们知道Hussein在外喂流浪猫，那么此处用新租客不会喂流浪动物，符合语境。故选B项。【29

题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当Hussein说起他对那些流浪猫的担心时，Manuela忍不住泪流满面。A.glare瞪；B.open睁开；C.shine闪耀；D.flood灌满，淹没。根据句意可知，听到Hussein必须搬走和他对流浪猫的照顾，M

anuela既感动又惋惜，所以忍不住哭了。用flood能非常贴切地表达Manuela当时的情感。故选D项。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当Hussein说起他对那些流浪猫的担心时，Manuela忍不住泪流满面。A.pro

mises承诺；B.adoration喜爱；C.anxiety担心；D.comments评价。根据上文提到新的租客不会喂流浪猫可知，Hussein对流浪猫很担心，担心它们没有食物。故选C项。【31题详解】考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：但事有巧合，有些对于Hussein和猫

好的事情即将发生。A.instore准备着；B.bychance偶然；C.onpurpose故意；D.atpresent目前。根据下文内容可知，有人会伸出援助之手帮助理发师和流浪猫，那就意为着有好事即将发生。选项里只有instore能表达即将发生之意。故选A

项。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当Manuela的博友们看到她写的帖子后，都一个接一个给他和猫捐献。A.review评论；B.letter信；C.post帖子；D.invitation邀请。根据本句中的bl

og可知，Manuela把事情写成帖子发在了网上。故选C项。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当Manuela的网友们看到她博客上写的帖子后，都一个接一个给他和猫捐献。A.suggested建议；B.remembered记得；C.repor

ted报道；D.began开始。下文谈，到在接下去的一周，Manuela每天都要带捐款给Hussein，由此可知，此处网友们一个接一个地开始给他捐款，符合逻辑。故选D项。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在接下去的一周，Manuela每天都要带捐款给Hussein。A.congratulat

ions祝贺；B.decisions决定；C.announcements宣布；D.contributions贡献。前文提到了donate，此处用contribution照应它，符合文意。故选D项。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在第四天，不可思议的事

发生了，Hussein得到了离他店不远的一个小门面，它在一栋旧房子里。A.return返回，归还；B.obtain获得；C.protect保护；D.spot看见。根据下文提到的Throughthekindnessofstrangers,____20____,hisandhiscats'wholew

orldwasbroughtback.（由于大家的好心，他和他的猫得以再次拥有他们自己的天地）可知，Hussein有了一个可以做生意和喂猫的地方，所以此处用“获得门面”符合文意。故选B项。【36题详解】考查连词辨析。句意：虽然没有电，但

一切皆有可能。A.when当；B.and表顺承；C.but但是；D.so因此。根据noelectricity和therewaspotential判断出前后两句是转折意义，所以用but连接。故选C项。【37题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：Manuela和其他人都顺道过来帮着刷漆，

清理垃圾；电工把所有接头处弄好。A.cameby顺道拜访；B.cheeredup使高兴；C.brokeaway挣脱；D.droppedout推出。根据下文内容可知，是大家的帮忙让Hussein的状况变好，所以此处用“其他人都顺道过来帮忙”符合语境。故选A项。【38题详解】考查名词词义

辨析。句意：句意：Manuela和其他人都顺道过来帮着刷漆，清理垃圾；电工把所有接头处弄好。A.appointments约会；B.connections接头；C.assumptions假设；D.budgets预算。根据常识可知，电工的主要工作是联通电路，接好线路接头。故选B项。【3

9题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：不到两周，理发师就又可以营业了。A.comparison比较；B.advance提前；C.company公司；D.business生意。根据上文可知，理发师有了新的门面，所以可以再次做生意了。故选D项。【40题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：

经过好心人的帮助，他和流浪猫的天地又回来了。A.normally正常地；B.thankfully感谢地；C.naturally自然地；D.directly直接地。联系上下文可知，Hussein照顾流浪猫，那么他应该是善良的人，对于Manuel

a和其他人的帮助是心存感激的。故选B项。第二节语法填空Thebestwaytogetaroundacitymaybedrivingacar.Indeed,itcouldbeoflittle___41___(con

venient)foryoutotravelfromonepointtoanotherifyoudon’townacar.Whileyoucanalwaysusepublictransport,itcanbequiteunreliableso

metimes.Butdon’tworry.Therearecarrentalcompaniesthatcanhelpyouwithyourtravelingneedsatanytime.Ifyouareplanningonavacationduringamajor

holidaylikeChristmas,___42___(consider)hiringacarforyouandyourfamily’suse.Theobvious____43____(benefit)ofdoingsoareasfollows:Somerentalcom

paniesevenincludeadriverwitheverycarrented.Imagineyourselfwithadrivertakingyoutoyourdestination____44____waitingtodriveyouback

home.Inthisway,evenparking____45____(become)theleastofyourconcerns.Evenifyouhavetodrivethecarbyyourself,youcanbenefitfro

mhiringacarbecauseyoucantaketheshortestroute____46____(enjoyable)toyourdestination.Ifyouhaveplannedyourholidayin____47____hurry,youmight____48____(m

iss)checkingonyourcar’scondition.Ifthisisthecase,itiswisetorentacarbecauseitwillnotbreakdown____49____yourwayatall.Travelinginyo

urowncarisalot____50____(comfortable),tobefrank,thanridingthetrainorbus.Youcanstopatanytimeifyouneedtograbsomething.【答案

】41.convenience42.consider43.benefits44.and45.becomes46.enjoyably47.a48.havemissed49.on50.morecomfortable【解析】【分

析】这是一篇说明文。文章指出外出旅行，租用车很很方便。有的租车行甚至配有司机，省去了驾车的疲劳。即使自己开车，也可以不用担心车况。【41题详解】考查名词。句意：的确，如果没有车，从一个地方到另一个地方对于你来说是不方便的。根据b

e+adj=beof+n(表示事物特征)这个原则可知，空格处应该填名词，convenient的名词形式是convenience。故填convenience。【42题详解】考查谓语动词。句意：如果你计划在大假期间出去旅行，那么考虑为你和家人租

一辆车。分析句子结构可知，此处应该是谓语动词；根据句意，判断此处是祈使句，所以用动词原形。故填consider。【43题详解】考查可数名词的数。句意：这样做的明显好处如下。分析句子结构可知空格处句子主语，故用名词形式，benefit本身可作名词；根据are判断主语是复数形式。故填bene

fits。【44题详解】考查并列连词。句意：想象一下有司机把你载到目的地，还等着把你载回家。根据句意可知“takingyoutoyourdestination”和“waitingtodriveyouhome”是想象中司机的两个动作，它们是并列关系，故用and连接。故

填and。【45题详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：这样一来，甚至泊车你都不需要操心了。分析句子结构可知，此处应该用谓语动词，主语parking是第三人称单数，时态为一般现在时。故填becomes。【46题详解】

考查副词。句意：即使你不得不自己开车，你也可以从租车中受益，因为你可以愉快地选择最短路线去目的地。根据句意，所给词要修饰动词“take”，所以用副词形式。故填enjoyably。【47题详解】考查固定短语。句意：如果你匆忙地计划旅行，你或许

忘了检查车况。根据固定短语inahurry（匆忙地）可知此处应用不定冠词a。故填a。【48题详解】考查情态动词+havedone结构。句意：如果你匆忙地计划旅行，你或许忘了检查车况。由Ifyouhaveplannedyourholiday

可推测前面的动作已经发生，所以主句用mighthavedone结构表达对过去情况的推测（语气很弱）。故填havemissed。【49题详解】考查固定短语。句意：如果真是这样，那么租车是明智的，因为车根本不会在路上抛锚。根据短语onone

’sway（在路上）可知，此处应填介词on。故填on。【50题详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：老实说，比起坐火车或公交车来，自己开车旅行要舒服的多。根据后文中的than判断是比较级，is后一般接形容词作表语，故用comfortable的比较形

式，morecomfortable。故填morecomfortable。【点睛】固定搭配是语法填空的常考知识点，一般以冠词，介词搭配居多。冠词和介词属于虚词，很容易弄混淆或遗漏，这也增加了考试难度。例如本篇中的第7题inahurry和第9题onone’sway。因此平时一定要注

意积累固定搭配。第四部分写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节51.短文改错Recentlycampussafetyhasbecomepublicconcernsinceaseriesofviolentattacksh

appened,whichcausesseriousdamage.Itmakesusawareofthefactthatsafetyshouldalwayscomefirstlyinourdailylife.Inthiscase,weshouldtakeeffectivem

easurewhichcansolvethisproblem.Firstly,Westudentsshouldrealizewemustfollowourschoolortrafficrules,andpayattentiontofoodsa

fety,manyincidentshappenjustbecauseofwearetoocareless.Secondly,youshouldtaketrainingofsecuritysothatwecankeepca

lmiffacedwithconflicts.Thirdly,ourgovernmentandschoolsshouldprovidesurroundingsthatourstudentscanbeburiedinstudying.Asfar

asIamconcerned,improvecampussafetyisveryimportantthatweallshouldtryourbesttomakeeveryoneoncampussafeandsound.【答案】1.become后加a2.causes→caused3.firstly→

first4.measure→measures5.or→and6.Because后of去掉7.you→we8.that→where9.improve→improving10.very→so【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。最近校园安全成了大家关注

的焦点，作者就如何采取措施给出了三条建议：学生遵守规章制度,注意食品安全；加强安全意识培训；政府和学校共同出面营造良好的学习环境。【详解】1.考查冠词。句意：自一系列的校园暴力袭击发生以来，最近校园安全已经成为了

一个公众关注的问题。句中concern（担心，忧虑）是可数名词，且public首字母的发音为辅音音素，故添加不定冠词a表泛指。故在become后加a。2.考查时态。分析句子可知，which引导定语从句，它代替先行词violentattacks，根据h

appened可知暴力袭击发生的在过去，那么造成的破坏也发生在过去，故用一般过去时。故将causes改为caused。3.考查副词。句意：它让我们明白了一个事实，那就是在日常生活中安全第一。修饰动词come要用副词。first作为副词意思是“

最先，首先”；firstly也是副词，但一般用来列举条目或论点时才用，此处不是列举，因此不用它。故将firstly改为first。4.考查固定搭配。根据短语takemeasures（采取措施）可知，此处要用measure的复

数形式。故将measure改为measures。5.考查并列连词。句意：首先，我们学生应该意识到我们必须遵守学校和交通规则，注意食品安全，很多事故的发生都是因为我们太粗心了。根据句意可知，学生应该学校和交通规则都要遵守，两者是并列关系，而不是选择关系

。故将or改为and。6.考查固定短语。根据because+句子，becauseof+词，可知，因为wearetoocareless是句子，应该用because。故删除because后的of。7.考查人称代词。句意：其次，我们应该

参加安全培训，因此，在面临冲突时我们就可以保持冷静。联系上下文可知，本文是以学生的身份写的，所以本句的主语应该用第一人称。故将you改为we.8.考查定语从句连词。分析句子结构可知，本句是定语从句，从句缺状语，先行词是surroundings，在后面的定语从句中作地点状语，所以应该用

关系副词where引导。故将that改为where。9.考查非谓语动词。句意：在我看来，改善校园安全是如此重要，以至于我们都应该尽全力确保每一个人在校园都是安然无恙的。分析句子结构可知，is的主语是前面的整个动词短语

，动词不能直接作主语，应该用动名词形式。故将provide改为providing。10.考查固定搭配。句意：在我看来，改善校园安全是如此重要，以至于我们都应该尽全力确保每一个人在校园都是安然无恙的。根据句子结构和句意可知，“如此…以至于…”的英语表达是so…that…。故将very改为so

。第二节：书面表达(满分25分)52.某英文报社正在开展“环保”大讨论，向你约稿。请你以垃圾分类为主题，按照以下要点发表你的观点。1.意义；2.现状；3.建议。注意：1.词数100左右；2.文章标题已拟

好，不计入总词数。参考词汇：垃圾分类garbageclassificationDeareditor,________________________________________________________________________________________

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___________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Deareditor,Iamsogladtohavethechancetojoint

hedebate.NowIwanttosaysomethingaboutgarbageclassification.Asweallknow,somepeoplewouldthrowallwastelikeplastic,paperandglassintothesamepublicdustbin

,withoutthinkingwhethertheyarerecyclableornot.Butgarbageclassificationisveryimportant.Ontheonehand,withoutclassifying,somew

astewillremainwheretheywereplacedforalongtime.Asaresult,itwillpollutetheearth.Ontheotherhand,wasteisjustthemisplacedresources.Wecanrecyclewaste

byclassifyingitandmakingfulluseofsomeleftovers.Thus,garbageclassificationismeaningfultous.Wecandoitjustnow.Forex

ample,wecancollectplasticbottlesandsellthemtothewasteshopandthrowusedbatteriesintothecorrectdustbin.Yours,LiHua

【解析】【分析】本篇要求考生写一篇稿件来陈述垃圾分类的意义，现状，并且就现状给出自己的建议。【详解】第一步：审题体裁：应用文时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时结构：总分法要求：1.表明主题2.1）现状（垃圾到处扔，垃圾分类做得不好）2）垃圾分类的

意义（减少污染，有效利用可循环利用垃圾）3.建议（加强垃圾分类学习，提高全民垃圾分类意识）第二步：列提纲（重点词组）begladtodo/whether…or…/ontheonehand，ontheotherhand/makefulluseof第三步：连词成句1.I

amsogladtohavethechancetojointhedebate.NowIwanttosaysomethingaboutgarbageclassification.2.Asweallknow,somepeoplewouldthrowallw

astelikeplastic,paperandglassregardlessofwhethertheyarerecyclableornot.3.Garbageclassificationisofgreatimport

ance.4.Ontheonehand,ifwekeepclassifyinggarbage,ourenvironmentwillbecomebetter.Forthelongrunitcanbenefitgenerations.5.Ontheothe

rhand,somegarbagesuchasleft-overs,canberecycled.6.Wecandosomethingtomaketherecyclinggarbagetoitsfulluse.7.AsfarasIamconcerned,governmentsh

ouldletcitizensknowtheimportanceofgarbageclassification,andpromotetheirawarenessofgreenconcept.第四步：连句成篇（加入衔接词）1.表文章结构顺序：firstofall;tostartwith;firs

tly；intheend,；atlast…2.表并列补充关系：what’smore,；besides;inaddition;aswellas；lastbutnottheleast…3.表因果关系：becaus

e;as;so…第五步：修改润色【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了复合句，例如：Asweallknow,somepeoplewouldthrowallwastelikep

lastic,paperandglassintothesamepublicdustbin,withoutthinkingwhethertheyarerecyclableornot.句中as引导非限制性定语从句，whether引导宾语从句；Ontheonehand,w

ithoutclassifying,somewastewillremainwheretheywereplacedforalongtime.句中where引导地点状语从句。