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四月份测试题（B卷）高三年级英语试卷(考试时间120分钟满分150分)本试卷共11页。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45分）第一节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）A阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适

当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。TimBeckerandhisneighborsaredoingsomething___1___(make)theirneighborhoodatrouble-freearea.Tim___2___(belong)toanei

ghborhoodwatchgroupinStoneville,Indiana,USA.TheneighborhoodwatchgroupmeetsonthethirdWednesdayofeverymonth

.That’swhenTimgetstogetherwithabouttenofhisneighborstodiscusscommunitysafety.Membersoftheneighborhoodwatchgroupwanttohelpthepolicekeeptheirhomes,

streets,and___3___(family)safe.【答案】1.tomake2.belongs3.families【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要内容是TimBecker是一个社区观察组织的成员，他和他的邻居们组成的监督小组帮助警察确保自己所在片区的安全。【1题详解】考查

非谓语动词。句意：TimBecker和他的邻居们正在做一些事情，使他们的社区成为一个没有麻烦的地方。分析句子结构可知，空处填非谓语动词，再结合句意可知，此处用不定式表示目的，故填tomake。【2题详解】考查时态。句意：Ti

m是美国印第安纳州斯通维尔一个社区观察组织的成员。分析句子结构可知，空处填谓语动词，再根据语境可知，上下文使用的是一般现在时，主语为Tim，故填belongs。【3题详解】考查名词的数。句意：邻里监督组织的成员希望帮助警察保护他们的家、街道和家庭的安全。根据句意可知，空处填名词的复数形式

，families意为“多个家庭”和空前的homes,streets是并列关系，故填families。B阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形

式填空。Theanimals___4___(keep)togetherinsmallspaces,withnoprivacyandlittleopportunity___5___mentalandphysicalexerc

ise.Thisresultsinunusualandself-destructivebehavior___6___(call)zoochosis.Aworldwidestudyofzoosfoundthatzoochosisiscommonamong

animalskeptinsmallspacesorcages.Anotherstudyshowedthatelephantsspend22percentoftheirtimemakingrepeatedheadmovementsorbitingcagebars,

andbearsspend30percentoftheirtime___7___(walk)backandforth,asignofunhappinessandpain.【答案】4.arekept5.for6.called7.walking【解析】本文是一篇说明文。研究表明在狭小空间里

的动物们出现了动物精神病，这种病会导致不寻常的自毁行为。【4题详解】考查时态和语态。句意：动物们被关在狭小的空间里，没有隐私，也没有机会进行心理和身体锻炼。分析句子结构可知，空处填时态，再根据语境，此处说明的是客观事实，故用一般现在时，又因为animals和keep之间

是被动关系，故填arekept。【5题详解】考查介词。句意：这些动物被关在狭小的空间里，没有私人空间，几乎没有机会进行智力和体育锻炼。分析句子结构可知，空处填介词，再结合句意可知，此处表示目的，意为“去……、为了……”，故填for。【6题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这导致了不寻常的和

自我毁灭的行为，称为动物精神病。分析句子结构可知，空处填非谓语动词，再根据句意可知，此处意为“叫做……、称作……”，call在句中做定语修饰behavior，且是被动关系，故填called。【7题详解】考查固定搭配。句意：另一项研究表明，大象有22%的时间在

重复头部运动或咬笼子栏杆，而熊有30%的时间在来回走动，这是不快乐和痛苦的标志。分析句子结构可知，空处填非谓语动词，再根据句意可知，spend+时间/金钱+(in)doing是固定搭配，意为“花费时间/金钱做……”，故填w

alking。C阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。“Poorbuthonest.”“Thedeservingpoor.”Thesewordsalwayscometomymind___8__

_Ithinkof“thepoor”.ButIalsothinkofpeople___9___,perhapsthroughalcoholordrugs，haveruinednotonlytheirownlivesbutalsotheli

vesofothersinordertogivewaytotheirownpleasure.Perhapsalcoholismanddrugaddictionreallyare“diseases”,asmanypeo

plesay,butmyownfeeling-based,ofcourse,notonanyseriousstudy,isthatmostalcoholicsanddrugaddictsbelongtothe“undeservingpoor”.Andthatislargely_

___10____Idon’tgivesparechangetobeggars.【答案】8.when9.who/that10.why【解析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。主要内容是简述了作者不给乞丐多余零钱的原因。【8题详解】考查状语从

句。句意：“贫穷但诚实。”“应该得到救济的穷人。当我想到“穷人”时，这些话总是浮现在我的脑海中。分析句子结构可知，空处填从属连词引导状语从句，再结合句意可知，空处填when引导时间状语从句，意为“当……时”，故填when。【9题详解】考查定语从句。句意：但我也

想到那些人，为了让他们快乐，他们喝酒酒精或吸食毒品，这不仅毁了自己的生活，也毁了别人的生活。分析句子结构可知，空处填关系代词引导定语从句，其中perhapsthroughalcoholordrugs是插入语，people是先行词，在从句中做主语，故用关系代词wh

o/that在从句中做主语引导定语从句，故填who/that。【10题详解】考查表语从句。句意：这也是我不给乞丐零钱的主要原因。分析句子结构可知，空处填连接副词引导表语从句，再根据句意可知，从句用why

引导表语从句，意为“……的原因”，故填why。第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Myjobwa

stomakeclassroomobservationsandencourageatrainingprogramthatwouldenablestudentstofeelgoodaboutthemselvesandtakechargeoftheirlives.Donnawasoneofthevo

lunteerteacherswhoparticipatedinthis____11____.Oneday,IenteredDonna’sclassroom,tookaseatinthebackoftheroomand____12____.Allthestudents

wereworkingona____13____.Thestudentnexttomewasfillingherpagewith“ICan’ts.”“Ican’tkickthesoccerball.”“Ican’tgetDebbietolikeme.”Herpagewash

alffullandsheshowedno____14____ofstopping.Iwalkeddowntherowandfoundeveryonewaswritingsentences,____15____thingstheycouldn’tdo.Bythistimetheactivitya

rousedmy____16____,soIdecidedtocheckwiththeteachertoseewhatwasgoingonbutInoticedshetoowas____17____inwriting.“Ican’tgetJohn’smothertocomeforapare

nts’meeting.”……Ifeltitbestnotto____18____.Afteranothertenminutes,thestudentswere____19____tofoldthepapersinhalfandbringthemtothefront.Theyplacedtheir

“ICan’t”statementsintoanemptyshoebox.ThenDonna___20___hers.Sheputthelidonthebox,tucked(塞进)itunderherarmandheaded

outthedoor.Studentsfollowedtheteacher.Ifollowedthestudents.HalfwaydownthehallwayDonnagotashovel(铁铲)fromthetoolhouse,a

ndthenmarchedthestudentstothefarthestcorneroftheplayground.Theretheybeganto____21____.Theboxof“ICan’ts”wasplacedatthe____22____oftheholeandthenq

uicklycoveredwithdirt.AtthispointDonnaannounced,“Boysandgirls,pleasejoinhandsand____23____yourheads.”Theyqui

cklyformedacirclearoundthegrave(墓地).Donnadeliveredtheeulogy(悼词).“Friends,wegatheredheretodayto____24____thememoryof‘ICan’t.’H

eis____25____byhisbrothersandsisters‘ICan’and‘IWill’.May‘ICan’t’restin____26____.”Sheturnedthestudents____27____andmarchedthembackintoth

eclassroom.Theycelebratedthe____28____of“ICan’t”.Donnacutalargetombstone(墓碑)frompaper.Shewrotethewords“ICan’t”atthetopandthedate

atthebottom,thenhungitintheclassroom.Onthoserareoccasionswhenastudent____29____andsaid,“ICan’t,”Donna____30____pointedtothepapertombstone.Thestud

entthenrememberedthat“ICan’t”wasdeadandchoseotherstatement.11.A.jobB.projectC.observationD.course12.A.checkedB.watchedC.noticed

D.waited13.A.taskB.computerC.problemD.farm14.A.scenesB.sensesC.marksD.signs15.A.discussingB.doingC.describingD.drawi

ng16.A.curiosityB.suspectC.sympathyD.worry17.A.trappedB.strictC.busyD.successful18.A.insertB.interruptC

.talkD.request19.A.taughtB.shownC.forcedD.instructed20.A.addedB.wroteC.madeD.folded21.A.cryB.prayC.digD.play2

2.A.backB.bottomC.topD.edge23.A.dropB.raiseC.fallD.lift24.A.keepB.thankC.forgiveD.honor25.A.remembere

dB.punishedC.removedD.replaced26.A.silenceB.heartC.peaceD.memory27.A.downB.upC.offD.around28A.birthB

.passingC.lossD.starting29.A.awokeB.remindedC.forgotD.apologized30.A.simplyB.hardlyC.seriouslyD.angrily【

答案】11.B12.B13.A14.D15.C16.A17.C18.B19.D20.A21.C22.B23.A24.D25.D26.C27.D28.B29.C30.A【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。作者的工作是做课堂观察以及负责和学生有关的培训项目

，一次在观察项目参加者Donna的课堂给作者留下了深刻的印象。【11题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Donna是参与这个项目的志愿者老师之一。A.job工作；B.project项目；C.observation观察；D.course课程。根据上文的encou

rageatrainingprogram可知，Donna是参与这个项目（project）的志愿者老师之一，此处的project相当于前文的program，故选B。【12题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一天，我走进Don

na的教室，坐在教室后面观察。A.checked检查；B.watched观察；C.noticed注意到；D.waited等待。根据第一段的Myjobwastomakeclassroomobservations可知，作者的工作就是进

行课堂观察，所以此处说作者走进了教室，坐在教室后面观察（watched），故选B。【13题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：所有的学生都在做一项任务。A.task任务；B.computer电脑；C.problem问题；D

.farm农场。根据Thestudentnexttomewasfillingherpagewith“ICan’ts.”“Ican’tkickthesoccerball.”“Ican’tgetDebbietolikeme.”可知，作者发现学生们都在做一项叫做“我不

能”的任务（task），故选A。【14题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的页面写满了一半，而且没有停顿的迹象。A.scenes场景；B.senses感觉；C.marks标志；D.signs迹象。根据空所在

的句子可知，这个学生写了满满半页纸却没有停下来的迹象（signs），故选D。【15题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我顺着这排位子走，发现每个人都在写句子，描述他们不会做的事情。A.discussing讨论；B.doing做；C.describing描写；D.drawing画。根据writin

gsentences可知，每个人都在写一些描述（describing）自己不会做的事情，故选C。【16题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个活动引起了我的好奇心，所以我决定和老师核实一下到底发生了什么事，但我注

意到她也在忙着写东西。A.curiosity好奇；B.suspect怀疑；C.sympathy同情心；D.worry担忧。根据下文的soIdecidedtocheckwiththeteacher可知，作者想

和老师核实一下到底发生了什么事，可见作者对此事非常感兴趣，故选A。【17题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个活动引起了我的好奇心，所以我决定和老师核实一下到底发生了什么事，但我注意到她也在忙着写东西。A.t

rapped陷入困境的；B.strict严格的；C.busy忙碌额；D.successful成功的。根据下文的“Ican’tgetJohn’smothertocomeforaparents’meeting.”可知，作者发现老师也在忙着写东西，bebusyindoing是固定搭配，意为“忙于做……”

，故选C。【18题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我没能让约翰的妈妈来参加家长会。”……我觉得最好别打断老师。A.insert嵌入；B.interrupt打断；C.talk谈话；D.request要求。根据上文可知，作者发现老师在写东西，觉得最好不要打断（

interrupt）老师，故选B。【19题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：又过了十分钟，学生们被要求把纸对折，拿到前面来。A.taught教授；B.shown展示；C.forced强迫；D.instructed通知

。根据oldthepapersinhalfandbringthemtothefront，教师让学生们把纸对折交上去，instructsb.todosth.意为“告知某人做”，在此句中用作被动语态，sth.beinstructedtodo，故选D。【20题详解】考查

动词词义辨析。句意：然后Donna也放入了自己的纸条。她把盒子盖上，夹在腋下，然后出门。A.added添加；B.wrote写；C.made制作；D.folded折叠。根据前文可知，Donna也写了纸条，她把自己的也放进（added）了盒子里面，故

选A。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们在那里开始挖掘。A.cry哭泣；B.pray祈祷；C.dig挖；D.play玩。根据前文的Donnagotashovel(铁铲)和下文的ofthehole可知，Donna带着铁铲准备挖（dig）洞，故选C。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我

不能”的盒子被放在洞的底部，然后很快被泥土覆盖。A.back后背；B.bottom底部；C.top顶部；D.edge边缘。根据常识可知，装满“我不能”的盒子放在洞底（bottom）以便更好地埋起来，故选B。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这时，Donna宣布:“孩子们，

请手牵手，低下你们的头。他们很快在坟墓周围围成一圈。A.drop下降；B.raise举起；C.fall落下；D.lift举起。根据语境可知，Donna带着孩子们祭奠死去的“我不能”，孩子们牵起了手，低下了头，dro

pone’shead意为“低下头”，故选A。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Donna发表了悼词。“朋友们，我们今天聚集在这里纪念‘我不能’。A.keep保持；B.thank感谢；C.forgive原谅；D.honor纪念。根据Donnadeliveredt

heeulogy(悼词).可知，Donna念起了悼词纪念（honor）“我不能”的逝去，故选D。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他被他的兄弟姐妹们‘我能’和‘我愿意’所代替。A.remembered记住；B.punished惩罚；C.removed

移动；D.replaced代替。根据语境可知，“我不能”被“我能”和“我愿意”代替，bereplacedby意为“被……所取代”，故选D。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：愿‘我不能’安息。A.silence寂静；B.hea

rt心；C.peace和平；D.memory记忆。根据上文内容可知，这是在参加追悼会，所以愿“我不能”安息，符合语境。inpeace意为“平静地、平和地”，故选C。【27题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：她把学生

们调转过来，让他们列队走进教室。A.down向下；B.up向上；C.off脱离；D.around在周围。根据marchedthembackintotheclassroom可知，悼词宣读完毕之后，Donna让学生们转过来。turnsb.around意为“把……转过来”，而Turn…do

wn把……调小、Turn…up把……调大、Turn…off把……关掉，与题意不符，故选D。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们庆祝“我不能”的逝去。A.birth生日；B.passing逝世；C

.loss损失；D.starting开始。根据前文可知，Donna和学生们埋葬了“我不能”，说明“我不能”已经逝去（passing）了，故选B。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当一个学生偶尔忘了而说了“我不能”时，Donna只是指着那张纸墓碑。A.awoke醒着；B.reminded提

醒；C.forgot忘记；D.apologized道歉。根据said,“ICan’t,”可知，当学生忘了（forgot）“我不能”已经逝去而脱口而出，故选C。【30题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：当一个学生偶尔忘了而说了“我不能”时，Donna只是

指着那张纸墓碑。A.simply仅仅；B.hardly几乎不；C.seriously严肃地；D.angrily生气地。当学生们说“我不能”时，Donna只是（simply）指着纸墓碑来提醒学生们，故选A。第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2

分，共30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ADoyouwanttogoouttoeatwithyourkids?Herearesomeres

taurantsthataregoodforkidsindowntownLosAngeles.GrandCaféTel:(213)356-4155Doyouneedaplacethatopensasearlyasyourkidswake

up?ThengotoGrandCafé.Familiescanorderbreakfastoffthemenuorenjoythebuffet.Becauseofthevariety,buffetsseemtobeaneasyoptio

nforfamilieswithpickyeaters.Therearemanyoptionsforthedifferentmoodsofallfamilymembers.Tel:(213)623-8301NickelDinerwaslistedinLosAngelesMagazine

sasoneof“LA’sBestNewRestaurants”.Thespaceissmall,butthemenuiswonderfullylarge.Theatmosphereisquietandrelaxed,whichmake

siteasytobringthekids.OneofthemostattractivethingsaboutNickelDinerisitsuniquemenuofbreakfastfoods.LuckyStrikeBowlTel:(213)542-4880The

re’snothinglikeagoodgameofbowlingtoaddsomehappinesstothefamilyouting.Whynottakethefamilytoaplacewhereyoucanbowlwhileeating?Trytheirhomema

deBelgiumfries,theminiburgers,flatbreadpizza,orcrispytacos.DowntownLA’sLuckyStrikeBowlwillnevermakeyouandyourkidsdisappoin

ted.KulaTel:(213)290-9631Kulaisanexcitingsushibarandisabighitforlittlesushieaters.Kula’sconceptincludesproviding“ahighstandardofnaturalorganicfoo

ds”andtheyuse100%organicrice.Ifyourchildisnotasushieater,therearealsomanyotheroptions.31.WhowouldmostprobablygotoeatatGrandCafé?A.People

wholoveorganicfoods.B.Peoplewhowanttoplaywhileeating.C.Peoplewholoveaquieteatingenvironment.D.Peoplewhowanttoservethemsel

vesinarestaurant.32.WhichofthefollowingaspectsofKulamostattractivetoeaters?AIthasmanyotheroptions.B.Itoffersveryhealthyfoods.C.Itallowskidstorunaroun

d.D.Itoffersdifferentkindsofrice.33.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A.ToencouragepeopletogotoLosAngeles.B.Tocomparesomekid-friendlyres

taurants.C.Torecommendsomenicefoodsinthecity.D.Torecommendsomekid-friendlyrestaurants.【答案】31.D32.B33.D【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要内容是介绍了几家适合儿童的餐馆。【31

题详解】细节理解题。根据GrandCafé部分的Becauseofthevariety,buffetsseemtobeaneasyoptionforfamilieswithpickyeaters.（由于种类繁多，自助餐对于那

些挑食的家庭来说似乎是一个简单的选择）可知，想在餐馆里自己用餐的人最有可能去GrandCafé吃饭。故选D。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据Kula部分的Kula’sconceptincludesproviding“ahighstandardofnaturalorganicfoods”an

dtheyuse100%organicrice.（Kula的理念包括提供“高标准的天然有机食品”，他们使用100%的有机大米。）可知，Kula在提供非常健康的食物这个方面最吸引食客。故选B。【33题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段的Herearesomer

estaurantsthataregoodforkidsindowntownLosAngeles.（这里有一些在洛杉矶市区适合孩子们的餐馆）可知，这篇文章的目的是推荐一些适合儿童的餐馆。故选D。BWhen19-year-

oldSophiaGiorgisaidshewasthinkingofvolunteeringtohelptheMake-A-WishFoundation(基金会)，nobodyunderstoodwhatshewastalkinga

bout.ButSophiaknewjusthowimportantMake–A–Wishcouldbebecausethisspecialorganizationhadhelpedtomakeadreamcometrueforoneher

bestfriends.WewereinterestedinfindingoutmoresowewentalongtomeetSophialistentowhatshehadtosay.Sophiatoldustha

tMake–A–WishisaworldwideorganizationthatstartedintheUnitedStatesin1980.”It’sacharity(慈善机构)thathelpschildrenw

hohavegotveryseriousillnesses.Make–A–Wishhelpchildrenfeelhappyeventhoughtheyaresick,bymakingtheirwishesanddrea

mscometrue,”Sophiaexplained.WeaskedSophiahowMake–A–Wishhadfirststarted.ShesaidithadallbegunwithaverysickyoungboycalledChris,whohadbeendreamingf

oralongtimeofbecomingapoliceman.SophiasaidlotsofpeoplehadwantedtofindawaytomakeChris’sdreamcometrue----so,witheverybody’shelp,Chris,on

lysevenyearsoldatthetime,hadbeena“policeman”foraday.”whenpeoplesawhowdelightedChriswaswhenhisdreamcametrue,theydecidedtotryandhelpother

sickchildrentoo,andthatwasthebeginningofMake–A–Wish,”explainedSophiaSophiaalsotoldustheFoundationtriestogivechildrenandtheirfamilies

aspecial,happytime.AMake-A-Wishvolunteervisitsthefamiliesandasksthechildrenwhattheywouldwishforiftheycouldhaveanythingintheworl

d.Sophiasaidthevolunteerswereimportantbecausetheyweretheoneswhohelpedtomakethewishescometrue.Theydothiseitherbyprovidingthingsthataren

ecessary,orbyraisingmoneyorhelpingoutinwhateverwaytheycan.34.SophiafoundoutaboutMake-A-Wishbecauseherbest

friendhad.A.volunteeredtohelpitB.benefitedfromitC.dreamedaboutitD.toldtheauthoraboutit35.AccordingtoSophia,Make-A-Wish.A.isaninternationa

lcharityB.wasunderstoodbynobodyatfirstC.raisesmoneyforverypoorfamiliesD.startedbydrawingtheinterestofthepublic36.Whatissaidabout

ChrisinParagraph3?A.Hehasbeenapolicemansincehewasseven.B.HegavepeopletheideaofstartingMake-A-WishC.Hewantedpeopletohelpmakehisdreamcometrue.D.Hewasth

efirstchildMake-A-Wishhelpedafterithadbeensetup.37.WhichofthefollowingistrueaboutMake-A-Wishvolunteers?A.Theyareimportantformakingwishescometrue.B.Th

eytrytohelpchildrengetovertheirillnesses.C.Theyvisitsickchildrentomakethemfeelspecial.D.TheyprovidewhatisnecessarytomakeMake-A-Wishpopular.【答案】34.B3

5.A36.B37.A【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，通过十九岁的SophiaGiorgi的讲述介绍了Make-A-WishFoundation世界基金会的一些信息。Make—A—Wish是1980年开始于美国的一家世界慈善机

构。帮助那些患有疾病的儿童实现一个愿望。【34题详解】细节理解题。根据文章首段becausethisspecialorganizationhadhelpedtomakeadreamcometrueforoneherbestfriends可知这个组织帮助了她的一个好朋友，所以索菲亚发现了“Mak

e-A-Wish”是因为她最好的朋友。故选B。【35题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段SophiatoldusthatMake–A–Wishisaworldwideorganization…….”It’sacharity

(慈善机构)thathelpschildren……可知，Make–A–Wish是一个国际慈善机构，故选A。【36题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段中ShesaidithadallbegunwithaverysickyoungboycalledChr

is,可知，她说这一切都始于一个名叫克里斯的重病男孩。所以创办Make-A-Wish的想法是Chris提出的，故选B。【37题详解】细节理解题。从文章末段Sophiasaidthevolunteers

wereimportantbecausetheyweretheoneswhohelpedtomakethewishescometrue.可知，索菲亚说，志愿者很重要，因为他们是帮助实现愿望的人。所以这些志愿者在帮助人们实现梦想方面是非常重要的，故选A。

CEssentially,everyonehastwoages:achronological(按时间计算的)age,howoldthecalendarsaysyouare,andabiologicalage,basica

llytheageatwhichyourbodyfunctionsasitcomparestoaveragefitnessorhealthlevels.“Chronologicalageisn’thowoldwereallyare.It’smerelyanumber,”saidProfesso

rDavidSinclairatHarvardUniversity.“Itisbiologicalagethatdeterminesourhealthandultimatelyourlifespan(寿命).Weallagebiologicallyatdiffer

entratesaccordingtoourgenes,whatweeat,howmuchweexercise,andwhatenvironmentwelivein.Biologicalageisthenumberofcandleswere

allyshouldbeblowingout.Inthefuture,withadvancesinourabilitytocontrolbiologicalage,wemayhaveevenfewercandlesonourbirthdaycaketh

anthepreviousone.”Tocalculatebiologicalage,ProfessorLevineatYaleUniversityidentifiedninebio-markersthatseemedtobethe

mostinfluentialonlifespanbyasimplebloodtest.Thenumbersofthosemarkers,suchasbloodsugarandimmunemeasures,canbeputintothecomputer,andthealgorithm(算法)d

oestherest.Perhapswhat’smostimportanthereisthatthesemeasurescanbechanged.Doctorscantakethisinformationandhelppatientsma

kechangestolifestyle,andhopefullytakestepstoimprovetheirbiologicalconditions.“Ithinkthemostexcitingthin

gaboutthisresearchisthatthesethingsaren’tsetinstone,”Levinesaid.“Peoplecanbegiventheinformationearlierandtakestepstoimp

rovetheirhealthbeforeit’stoolate.”Levineevenenteredherownnumbersintothealgorithm.Shewassurprisedbytheresults.“Ialwaysconside

redmyselfaveryhealthyperson.I’mphysicallyactive;IeatwhatIconsiderafairlyhealthydiet.ButIdidnotfindmyresultstobeasgoodasI

hadhopedtheywouldbe.Itwasawake-upcall,”shesaid.Levineisworkingwithagrouptoprovideaccesstothealgorithmonlinesothatanyonecan

calculatetheirbiologicalage,identifypotentialrisksandtakestepstoimprovetheirownhealthinthelongrun.“Noone

wantstoliveanextremelylonglifewithalotofchronicdiseases,”Levinesaid.“Bydelayingthedevelopmentofmentalandphysicalfuncti

oningproblems,peoplecanstillbeengagedinsocietyintheirsenioryears.Thatistheidealweshouldbepursuing.”38.Biologicalagedependson_

_________.A.whatthecalendarsaysaboutourageB.whenwestarttotakeoutdoorexerciseC.whetherwecanadaptourselvestotheenvironmentD.howwellourbodyworkscompa

redwithourpeers’39.WhatdoestheauthormeanbysayingtheunderlinedpartinParagraph2?A.Wearechronologicallyolderth

anlastyear.B.Wemightbelesshappythanthepreviousyear.C.Wedon’thavetocelebrateourbirthdayeveryyear.D.Wemay

bebiologicallyyoungerthantheyearbefore.40.WhatdoestheauthorwanttotellusbyLevine’sexampleinParagraph5?A.Itisnecessa

rytochangeourdietregularly.B.Thetestresultsmaygiveuswronginformation.C.Wakingupearlyinthemorningisgoodforourfitness.D.Thealgorithmcanre

vealourpotentialhealthproblems.41.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.Bio-markersCanMakeUsYoungerB.

ChronologicalAgeandBiologicalAgeC.OldPeoplecanStillbeEngagedinSocietyD.BiologicalAgecanLagbehindorExceedChronologicalAge【答案

】38.D39.D40.D41.D【解析】本文是一篇说明文。我们的生理年龄可能会因为我们的基因、饮食、运动量以及所处的环境不同，生理年龄有可能落后于或者超过实际年龄。【38题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段的abi

ologicalage,basicallytheageatwhichyourbodyfunctionsasitcomparestoaveragefitnessorhealthlevels.（生物年龄，基本上就是你的身体机能与平均健康水平相比的年龄）可知，生物年龄取决于我们的

身体与同龄人相比有多好。故选D。【39题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段的Inthefuture,withadvancesinourabilitytocontrolbiologicalage,wemayhaveevenfewercandlesonourbirthdayc

akethanthepreviousone.（在未来，随着我们控制生物年龄的能力的提高，我们生日蛋糕上的蜡烛可能会比以前更少）和常识可知，过生日插生日蜡烛指的是生理年龄的增长，由此判断出，第二段划线部分是

指我们的生理年龄可能比前一年年轻。故选D。【40题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段的Shewassurprisedbytheresults.（她对结果感到惊讶）和ButIdidnotfindmyresultstobea

sgoodasIhadhopedtheywouldbe.（但是我发现我的成绩没有我希望的那么好。）可推知，作者通过Levine的例子告诉我们这个算法可以揭示我们潜在的健康问题。故选D。【41题详解】主旨大意题。通读全

文以及“Chronologicalageisn’thowoldwereallyare.It’smerelyanumber,”（实际年龄并不是我们真正的年龄。这只是一个数字）和Weallagebiologicallyatdifferentratesaccordingtoourgenes,wh

atweeat,howmuchweexercise,andwhatenvironmentwelivein.（根据我们的基因、饮食、运动量以及所处的环境，我们的生理衰老速度各不相同）可知，我们的生理年龄可能会因为我们的基因、饮食、运动量以及所处的

环境不同，生理年龄有可能落后于或者超过实际年龄，故D选项“生物年龄可能落后于或超过实际年龄”可以作为本文最好的标题，故选D。DDon’tBlameRobotsforLowWagesTheotherdayIfound

myselfataconferencediscussingdecliningwagesandincreasinginequality.Onethingthatstruckmewashowmanyoftheparticipantsjus

tassumedthatrobotsareabigpartoftheproblem.Butautomationjustisn’tabigpartofthestorywhathappenedtoAmericanworkersoverthepast40years.Wedoha

veabigproblem,butithasverylittletodowithtechnology,andalottodowithpoliticsandpower.Economicallyspeaking,arobotisanythingthatusestechnologytodoworkfor

merlydonebyhumanbeings.Androbotsinthatsensehavebeentransformingoureconomyforcenturies.DavidRicardo,afoundingfatherof

economics,wroteaboutthedestructiveeffectsofmachineryin1821.Thesedays,whenpeopletalkabouttherobotdestr

uction,theydon’tusuallythinkofthingslikestripmining(露天采矿)andmountaintopremoval(削山开采).Yetthesetechnologiescompletelytra

nsformedcoalmining:Coalproductionalmostdoubledbetween1950and2000,yetthenumberofcoalminersfellfrom470,000tofewer

than80,000.Sothedestructionbroughtbytechnologicalchangeisanoldstory.What’snewisthefailureofworkerstoshareinthefruitsofthattechnol

ogicalchange.I’mnotsayingthatcopingwithchangewasevereasy.Butwhiletherehavealwaysbeensomevictimsoftechnologicalprogress,untilthe197

0srisingproductivitytranslatedintorisingwagesforagreatmajorityofworkers.Thentheconnectionwasbroken.Andit

wasn’ttherobotsthatdidit.Whatdid?Thereisagrowingagreementamongeconomiststhatakeyfactorinwagedecreasinghasbeenworker’sdecliningbargain

ingpower—adeclinewhoserootsareultimatelypolitical.Mostobviously,thefederalminimumwagehasfallenbyathirdoverthepasthalfcentury,evenasworkerpro

ductivityhasrisen150percent,whichrootedinpolitics,pureandsimple.Thedeclineofunions,whichcoveredaquarterofprivate-sectorworker

sin1973butonly6percentnow,maynotbeasobviouslypolitical.Butothercountrieshaven’tseenthesamekindofdecline.WhatmadeAmericaexce

ptionalwasapoliticalenvironmentdeeplyunfriendlytolabororganizingandfriendlytowardunion-destroyingemployers.Andthedeclineofunionsh

asmadeahugedifference.Considertrucking,whichusedtobeagoodjobbutnowpaysathirdlessthanitdidinthe1970s,withterribleworkingconditions.Whatmadethe

difference?Deunionizationwasabigpartofthestory.Americanworkerscanandshouldbegettingamuchbetterdealthantheyare.Andtotheextentt

hattheyaren’t,thefaultliesnotinourrobots,butinourpoliticalleader.42.Thepeoplepresentattheconferenceaboutlower

wagesandincreasinginequality_________.A.believedthatrobotshavecontributedtowagedeclineB.agreedthatrobotsshouldbeus

edtohelpincreasewagesC.predictedthatlowerwagesandincreasinginequalitywouldrelatetorobotsD.assumedthatlo

werwagesandincreasinginequalityrootedinpoliticsandpower43.Theauthormentionsthecaseofthecoalminingtosh

ow_________.A.therobotdestructionstartedfromcoalminingB.theinfluenceofthetechnologyonjobsisnotanewpheno

menonC.thenumberofjobsincreasesasaresultoftechnologicaladvancementD.stripminingandmountaintopremovalcompletelychangedthecoalminingindu

stry44.Accordingtothepassage,weknowthat_________.A.thedestructiveeffectsofmachinerystartedin1821B.25%ofprivate

-sectorworkerswerecoveredbyunionsin1973C.risingproductivitydidn’tbringaboutrisingwagesuntilthe1970sD.theminimumwag

ehasdecreasedwiththedroppingofworkerproductivity45.What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A.Technologicalchangeshaveresultedinlowerwages.B.P

oliticalleadershaveintendedtoshiftpeople’sattentionfromrobots.C.Thedeclineinwageshasresultedfrombadpolicies

ratherthantheapplicationofrobots.D.Technologicalchangeshavecontributedtorisingwagesinsteadofcausingunemployment.【答案】42.A43.B44.B45

.C【解析】本文是一篇议论文。本文主要就工资的下降问题造成的原因展开了讨论，作者认为工资的下降是政策原因导致的，而非科技的应用。【42题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段的aconferencediscussingdecliningwagesandincreasingine

quality.…howmanyoftheparticipantsjustassumedthatrobotsareabigpartoftheproblem.（讨论工资下降和不平等加剧的问题……许多参与者只是认为机器人是问

题的主要原因）可知，出席会议的人认为，认为机器人导致了工资的下降。故选A。【43题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段的Androbotsinthatsensehavebeentransformingoureconomyforcenturies.（几个世纪以来，机

器人一直在改变着我们的经济）和下文的Yetthesetechnologiescompletelytransformedcoalmining（这些技术彻底改变了煤炭开采）由此判断出，作者以煤矿开采为例说明技术对就业的

影响并不是一个新现象。故选B。【44题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段的Thedeclineofunions,whichcoveredaquarterofprivate-sectorworkersin1973butonly6percentnow,m

aynotbeasobviouslypolitical.（在1973年，工会使私营部门四分之一的工人获得保障）可知，1973年有25%的私营部门工人得到了工会的保障。故选B。【45题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文以及文章的第一段的Wedohaveabigproblem,but

ithasverylittletodowithtechnology,andalottodowithpoliticsandpower.（我们确实有一个大问题，但它与技术关系不大，而与政治和权力关系很大）和最后一段内Americanworkerscanandshould

begettingamuchbetterdealthantheyare.Andtotheextentthattheyaren’t,thefaultliesnotinourrobots,butinourpoliticalleader.可知，美国工人可以而且应该得到比现在更好

的待遇。在某种程度上，他们没得到，错不在我们的机器人，而是在我们的政治领袖。所以本文主要就工资的下降问题造成的原因展开了讨论，作者认为政策原因导致的，而非科技的应用。由此可知，C选项（工资的下降是由于糟糕的政策，而不是机器人的应用）可以概括本文内容，故选C。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共1

0分）Procrastination(拖延症)TechSupportChoosingbetweenimmediatesatisfactionandfuturebenefitcaneasilyleadtoshortsighteddec

isions:WatchingTVinsteadofgoingtothegym,forexample,orgoingthroughsocialmediaratherthanworkingonachallengingproject.___46___Toguideind

ividualstowardgreatestchoices,FalkLieder,acognitive(认知)scientist,andhiscolleaguesdesignedadigitaltoolcalleda

“cognitiveprosthesis.”Itusesartificialintelligencetomatchadecision’simmediaterewardwithitslong-termworthaftermakingato-dol

ist.Theresearchersdevelopedasetofmodelsandalgorithms(算法)thatconsidervariouselementssuchasalistoftasks,anindividual’s

unwillingnesstoeachandtheamountoftimeavailable.____47____Ithelpstoencouragethatpersontocompletethemall.Theideawastoturnthechallengingprojectst

hatpeoplepursueintherealworldintoagamelikeenvironment.“Thepointsystemgivespeopleachievablegoalsthatsignalthatthey’remakingprogress.”Liedersays._

__48___Theresults,publishedonlineinAugustinNatureHumanBehavior,revealedthattheAIsupportsystemhelpedpeoplemakebetter,fasterdecisionsandprocrastinatele

ss—anditmadethemmorelikelytocompletealltheassignedtasks.Inoneexperiment,inwhichtheresearcherspresented120par

ticipantswithalistofseveralwritingassignments.____49____However,theratewasonly56percentforthosenotusingit.Liedersaysone

ofthecurrenttool’slimitationsisthatitcanhandleonlyshortto-dolists.___50___Atthesametime,theyareworkingwithacompanycalledComplicetointegratethe

toolintoanexistingto-dolistapp.Theresearchersalsoplantorunfieldexperimentstoseehowwelltheircognitiveprosthesissucceedintherealworld.A.Peopleoftens

truggletodowhat’sbestfortheminthelongrun.B.Theteamtestedthistoolinaseriesofexperimentswithhumansubjects.C.Thesystemthenassignsrewardp

ointstoeachtaskinawaythatiscustomized.D.Andnow,heandhisteamaretryingtodevelopitupforalargernumberoftask

s.E.Theyfoundthat85percentofindividualswhousedthetoolcompletedalltheirtasks.F.Astudywasconductedtofinda

waytohelppeopleincreasetheirdecision-makingability.G.Thistoolisaconvincingdemonstrationthatprocrastinationissomethingthatthisstrategycanhelpwith

quitealot.【答案】46.A47.C48.B49.E50.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章中介绍了一种人工智能支持系统能帮助人们做出更好、更快的决策，减少拖延，使得他们更有可能完成任务。【46题详解】根据上文WatchingTV

insteadofgoingtothegym,forexample,orgoingthroughsocialmediaratherthanworkingonachallengingproject.（看电视而不是去健身房，或者通过社交媒体而

不是从事一个有挑战性的项目）可知，A选项能承接上文内容，从长远来看，人们更愿意选择对自己最好的事情去做，故选A。【47题详解】根据上文的Theresearchersdevelopedasetofmodelsandalgorithms(算法)th

atconsidervariouselementssuchasalistoftasks,anindividual’sunwillingnesstoeachandtheamountoftimeavailable.（研究人员开发了一套模型和算法，这些模型和算法考虑了各种因素，比如任务列表、个人

不愿做的事情以及可用的时间）可知，C选项（然后系统以自定义的方式为每个任务分配奖励点）承接上文内容，then说明了时间顺序，选项中的task和前文的tasks相呼应，rewardpoints（奖励点）

有助于鼓励人们完成任务。故选C。【48题详解】根据下文的Theresults,publishedonlineinAugustinNatureHumanBehavior,revealedthattheAIsupportsystemhelpedpe

oplemakebetter,fasterdecisionsandprocrastinateless—anditmadethemmorelikelytocompletealltheassignedtasks.（今年

8月发表在《自然-人类行为》(NatureHumanBehavior)杂志网络版上的研究结果显示，人工智能支持系统帮助人们做出更好、更快的决策，减少了拖延，而且还让他们更有可能完成所有分配的任务）句中的theresults的结果是特指的，可推知B选项（这个团队在一

系列的人体实验中测试了这个工具并得出结果）中可承接下文内容，故选B。【49题详解】根据上下文可知，E选项中的they指代前文的researchers，且选项中tasks和前文assignments相呼应，选项中whoused

thetool和下文的thosenotusingit相呼应，且语义（他们发现85%使用该工具的人完成了所有的任务）承接上下文，故选E。【50题详解】根据上下文可知，D选项中的he指代前文的Lieder，且选项中alargernumberoftasks和shortto

-dolists相呼应，且语义（现在，他和他的团队正在努力开发更多的任务）承接上下文，故选D。【点睛】单词复现法是七选五常用的大题技巧之一，单词复现有两种形式：一种选项和原文中的某些词相同或互为词根词缀的形式，一种是选项和原文中

的某些词或词组以同义词或词组的形式。比如第2题，选项中和前文中是原词复现，属于第一种形式；第4题，选项中tasks和前文assignments相呼应，选项中whousedthetool和下文的thosenotusingit相呼应，属于第二种形式。第三部分：书面表达（共

两节，35分）第一节（15分）51.假设你是红星中学的学生会主席李华。近日，学校将为在你校学习的交换生召开一次视频会议。请你代表学生会给交换生们在微信中发一个“群公告”，内容包括：1.告知会议时间、内容及目

的；2.提示做好会前准备。注意：词数不少于50。________________________________________________________________________________________

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___________________【答案】Hello,everyone!Pleasekindlyknowthatanonlinevideoconferencewillbeheldat14:00thisWednesday!Alltheexchangestudentsmu

sttakepartinitsothattheinformationofindividualprotectionfrombeingattackedbyviruscanbewidelyknownduringthespe

cialperiod.Makesuretomakeroomfortheconferenceandtakenotesifnecessary.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文。在微信群中发布一个“群公告”，告知交换生关于视频会议的信息。【详解】第一步：根据提示可知，在微信群中发布一个

“群公告”，告知交换生关于视频会议的信息。第二步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如：onlinevideoconference,exchangestudents,takepartin,protection,attackedby等。第三步：确定文章

结构，本文可以采取一段，题干限50词，建议采用长句完成，3-4句即可。第四步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。此处文章主要用一般现在时或将来时。第五步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间

的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。【点睛】范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，布局工整。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式。that引导的宾语从句：Pleasekindlyknowthatanonlinevideoco

nferencewillbeheldat14:00thisWednesday!sothat引导的目的状语从句：Alltheexchangestudentsmusttakepartinitsothattheinformationof

individualprotectionfrombeingattackedbyviruscanbewidelyknownduringthespecialperiod.第二节（20分）52.假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。下面四幅图描述了你在家做饭时发生的小意外。请根据以

下四幅图的先后顺序，用英语写一篇日记，记述你处理意外的全过程。注意：词数不少于60。提示词：煤气炉gasstove；锅铲cookingshovel______________________________________________________

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__________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Ihavebeenfascinatedbycookingrecently.On

eday,thephonerangwhenIwascookingwitharecipeinmylefthandandacookingshovelinotherhandscramblingthedish.Ipickedupthephonemakingitbeonlineforseveralminu

tes.Tomyastonishment,thegasstovesuddenlycaughtfire.Withouthesitation,Iimmediatelyputthelidontothefrypantoseparatethefirefromtheair.

Mymotherpraisedmebecauseofmyaction.Itookincaseofemergency,andthedishesIcooked.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文（日记）。根据题干中的4张图片的内容，写一篇日

记。【详解】第一步：根据提示可知，根据题干中的4张图片的内容，描述在家做饭时发生的小意外，写一篇日记。第二步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如：gasstove,cookingshovel,befascinatedby,recipe,s

cramble,catchfire,separate…from…等。第三步：确定文章结构，本文写一段即可，因为是描述故事的发展，切记只采用短小的句子，多用从句和复合结构将句子串联起来。第四步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。此处文章主

要用一般过去时。第五步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。【点睛】范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，布局工整。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式。with的复合结构：Oneday,thephone

rangwhenIwascookingwitharecipeinmylefthandandacookingshovelinotherhandscramblingthedish.动词ing做状语：Ipickedupt

hephonemakingitbeonlineforseveralminutes.省略了关系代词that的定语从句：…becauseofmyactionItookincaseofemergency.