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仙桃一中2020年高二年级下学期期中考试英语试题（考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分）第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题。从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都

有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatmadethemanmostexcitedattheparty?A.Thetastyfood.B.Thewonderfulmusic.C.Thechancetomeethisfriends.2.Howwillthe

womanprobablygotoFrazier’sDepartmentStore?A.Bybus.B.Bytaxi.C.Onfoot.3.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Atheater.B.Amovie.C.Amusician.4.How

doesthewomanfeelabouttheman?A.Confident.B.Worried.C.Disappointed.5.Wherearethespeakers?A.Onaplane.B.Onabus.C.Inacar.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下

面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题。从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whydoesn’tthemanbuythelig

htbluejeans?A.Theyaretoolarge.B.Theyareexpensive.C.Theydon’tmatchhisT-shirt.7.Howmuchwillthemanpay?A.＄39.B.＄59.C.＄69.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.W

hathasthemanbeendoingthesedays?A.Writingabiologypaper.B.Preparingforthefinalexams.C.Readingsomemagaz

ines.9.Wheredoesthewomansaythebiologybooksarekept?A.Intheoldlibrary.B.Inthenewlibrary.C.Inthebiologydepartmentbuilding.听第8段材料，回答第10至12

题。10.WhatdoweknowaboutShawn?A.Shehasaprivatecoach.B.Sheisthehardest-workingathlete.C.ShewonagoldmedalattheOlympics.11.HowlongdoesShawntrainaw

eek?A.About6hours.B.About25hours.C.About45hours.12.WhatdoesShawnliketodoinherfreetime?A.Ridehorses.B.Gotothegym.C.Cooksomefo

ods.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whatdoesthebandneedsomeonetoplay?A.Thekeyboard.B.Theguitar.C.Thedrum.14.Whenisthebandgoingto

practisethisweek?A.OnMonday.B.OnWednesday.C.OnThursday.15.Wheredoesthebandpracticenow?A.Atschool.B.Inagarage.C.AtLaura’sapartment.16.

WhatwillthebanddoinOctober?A.Giveaconcert.B.Enjoyaholiday.C.Writenewsongs.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whatwer

eCharlie’sfriendsexpectedtodo?A.KeepthepartysecretfromCharlie.B.Invitesomeotherfriendstotheparty.C.Makeanimmediatereplytotheinvitation

.18.Wherewerethepartyheld?A.Atamusicalhall.B.Atadisco.C.Atarestaurant.19.Whatideadidthespeakerlikebest?A.Playingseventiesmusic.B.Takingp

hotosofallguests.C.Placingcamerasoneachtable.20.WheredidthespeakersgettoknowCharlie?A.Ataconcert.B.Inabasketballmatch.C.Ataparty.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40

分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ADuetotheoutbreakofthenovelcoronaviruspneumonia(NCP),peopleallovertheworldarewearingm

askstoreducetheriskofinfection.Infact,maskshavebeenhelpingmankindforcenturies.Let’stakealookatsomemask-relate

dhistory.1stcenturyInthatcentury,manypeopleinRomanEmpireworkedundergroundinminestosupporttheirfamilies

.Butmostofthemsufferedfromandeveneventuallydiedofrespiratory(呼吸的)illnesses.Toaddressthisproblem,PlinytheElder(23-79AD),recommendedtheuse

ofanimalbladder(膀胱)skinstostopdustfrombeingbreathedin.Althoughsimple,hisideawasconsideredtheveryfirstre

cordedmaskinvention.19thcenturyThedesignofthemasktookabigstepforwardinthe19thcentury.In1848,AmericanLewisHassle

ybecamethefirstpersontopatent(注册专利)aprotectivemaskforminers,whichwasamilestoneinfacemaskhistory.Masksatthisstageweresimilartogasmasks.Later,in1897,

Polish-AustriandoctorJohanndesignedasimplemaskcomposedofonelayerofgauze(纱布).20thcenturyIn1910,anepidemicbrokeoutinNortheastChina.ChinesedoctorWuLiand

edesignedacheapfacemaskcalled“Wu’smask”.Madeoftwolayersofsurgicalgauze,itcouldbewrappedaroundthebackoftheheadandtiedinaknot.Thismaskwasp

raisedbyexpertsaroundtheworld,asitwassimpletomanufactureandhadalowproductioncost.ModernexplorationWithseveraloutbreaksofinfectiousdiseas

esandtheflu,andtheriseofpollutioncausedbyindustrialwaste,thematerialsinmaskshavecontinuedtoevolvetobetterprotectit

swearer.Inthefuture,maskswillcontinuetoimprove,hopefullysowillthehabitsofhumans.1.Accordingtothetext,whyweremasksinventedinthefirstcent

ury?A.Toreducetheriskofinfection.B.Toprotectminersfromdust.C.Toindicatepatientswithrespiratoryillnesses.D.Toprot

ectdoctorsfromharmfulchemicals.2.Whatwasconsideredamilestoneinfacemaskhistory?A.Gettingapatentonprotectivemasksforminers.B.U

singclothinsteadofanimalskins.C.Theinventionofgasmasksin1897.D.Usingmorethanonelayerofgauze.3.“Wu’smask”grewpopulararoundtheworldbecause

_____.A.itcouldbeusedmultipletimesB.itwascheapandeasytomanufactureC.itwassimpleforpeopletowearD.itcouldbe

tterprotectpeoplefromsmog4.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Acomparisonofdifferentmasks.B.Thebenefitsofusingmasks.C.Theevol

utionofmasks.D.Therolesmasksplayedatdifferenttimes.【答案】1.B2.A3.B4.C【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍讲述了口罩的发展史。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据1stcentury

的“Inthatcentury,manypeopleinRomanEmpireworkedundergroundinminestosupporttheirfamilies.Butmostofthemsufferedf

romandeveneventuallydiedofrespiratory(呼吸的)illnesses.Toaddressthisproblem,PlinytheElder(23-79AD),recommendedtheuseo

fanimalbladder(膀胱)skinstostopdustfrombeingbreathedin.Althoughsimple,hisideawasconsideredtheveryfirstrecordedmaskinvention.(在那个世纪，罗马帝国的许多人在地下矿

井工作以养家糊口。但他们中的大多数人都患有呼吸系统疾病，甚至最终死于呼吸系统疾病。为了解决这个问题，老普林尼(公元23-79年)建议使用动物膀胱皮来阻止灰尘被吸入。虽然简单，他的想法被认为是第一个有记录的面具发明。)”由此可知，为了保

护矿工不受灰尘污染，面具在一世纪发明。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据19thcentury中“Thedesignofthemasktookabigstepforwardinthe19thcentury.In1848,AmericanLewisHassleybeca

methefirstpersontopatent(注册专利)aprotectivemaskforminers,whichwasamilestoneinfacemaskhistory.(面具的设计在19世纪向前迈进了一大步。18

48年，美国人刘易斯·哈斯利(LewisHassley)成为第一个为矿工申请保护面罩专利的人，这是面罩历史上的一个里程碑。)”由此可知，矿工防护口罩获得专利被认为是口罩历史上的一个里程碑。故选A。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据20thcentury中的“In1910,anepidemicb

rokeoutinNortheastChina.ChinesedoctorWuLiandedesignedacheapfacemaskcalled“Wu’smask”.(1910年，一场流行病在中国东北爆发。中国医生吴连德设计了一款廉价的面膜，叫做“吴氏面膜”。

)和Thismaskwaspraisedbyexpertsaroundtheworld,asitwassimpletomanufactureandhadalowproductioncost.(这种口罩因其制作简单、生产成本低而受到世界各地专家的好评。)”

由此可知，“吴的面具”在世界各地流行起来，因为它既便宜又容易制造。故选B。【4题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段中“Infact,maskshavebeenhelpingmankindforcenturies.Let’stakealo

okatsomemask-relatedhistory.(事实上，几个世纪以来，面具一直在帮助人类。让我们来看看一些与口罩相关的历史。)”由此可知，这篇文章讲述的是口罩的进化。故选C。BOurhousewasacrossthestreetfromabighospital,sowerented

ourspareupstairsroomtooutpatients(门诊病人).Oneevening,therewasaknockatthedoor.Iopenedittoseeatrulysick-lookingman.Hisfacelookedterrible–it

wasswollenandred.Yethisvoicewaspleasant.Hetoldmethathecamefortreatmentandthathe’dbeenhuntingforaspareroomsincenoon

,butnoonewouldgivehimone.“Iguessit’smyface”Foramoment,Ihesitated,buthisnextwordsconvincedme:“I’llsleepinthisrockingchairontheporch(门廊).Mybusleave

searlyinthemorning.”Theoldmanhadahugeheartinsidehistinybody.Hetoldmethathefishedforalivingtosupporthisdaughter,hisdaughter’sfivechildrenandh

erdisabledhusband.Hedidn’tcomplainwhiletellingmehisstory.Hewasgratefulthatnopainaccompaniedhisdisease,whichwasseeminglyaformofskincancer.Thenext

morning,hesaid,“CanIcomebackandstaythenexttimeIneedtreatment?”Itoldhimhewaswelcometocomeagain.Onhisnexttrip,asagift,heb

roughtabigfishandsomelargeoysters(牡蛎).Intheyearsthathestayedwithus,therewasneveratimethathedidnotbringusgiftslik

ethese.MyneighborwarnedmethatIcouldlosepotentialrentersbyputtinguptheoldmanafterheleftthefirstmorning

.Maybewedidloserentersonceortwice.Butiftheyhadknownhim,perhapstheirillnesseswouldhavebeeneasiertobear.Iknowourfamilywillalwa

ysbegratefultohaveknownhim;Fromhim,welearnedwhatitwastoacceptthebadwithoutcomplaintandthegoodwithgratitude.5.Theauthorhesitatedtoansweratfirst,whic

hsuggeststhat_____.A.therewasnospaceforthemantostayB.thereweredifficultneighborstoconsiderC.hewonderedhowthem

anfoundhimD.hewasfrightenedbywhatthemanlookedlike6.Whichofthefollowingshowsthattheoldmanhadabigheart?A.Hesupportedala

rgefamily.B.Hecouldsleepontheporch.C.Hefeltskincancerwasn’tpainful.D.Hecomplainedabouthowotherstreatedhim.7.Whatcanwele

arnfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Theauthortrulyappreciatedtheoldman.B.Theauthorlookeddownonhisneighbor.C.Theau

thorwasgratefulfortheneighbor’swarning.D.Theauthorwasdisappointedtolosepotentialrenters.8.Whichoptionbestdescribe

sthemainmessageofthisarticle?A.Akindwordislikeaspringday.B.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.C.Complainingnevermakesanyt

hingbetter.D.Don’tjudgeapersonbyhisappearance.【答案】5.D6.A7.A8.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章通过作者为一个脸看上去很可怕——又红又肿的病人治病的故事，告诉我们“不要以貌取人”。【5题详解】推理判断题。根

据第二段第一句“Hisfacelookedterrible–itwasswollenandred.(他的脸看上去很可怕——又红又肿。)”由此可知，作者起初不愿回答，这表明他被这个人的长相吓到了。故选D。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“Theoldmanhadahugehea

rtinsidehistinybody.Hetoldmethathefishedforalivingtosupporthisdaughter,hisdaughter’sfivechildrenandherdisabledhusband.(老人小小的

身体里有一颗巨大的心脏。他告诉我，为了养活女儿、女儿的五个孩子和她残疾的丈夫，他以捕鱼为生。)”由此可知，这位老人供养着一个大家庭表明这位老人有一颗宽大的心。故选A。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Intheyearsthathestayedwithus,therewas

neveratimethathedidnotbringusgiftslikethese.(在他和我们住在一起的那些年里，他从来没有一次不给我们带来这样的礼物。)”和最后一段中“Iknowourfamilywillalwaysbe

gratefultohaveknownhim;Fromhim,welearnedwhatitwastoacceptthebadwithoutcomplaintandthegoodwithgratitude.(我知道我们的家人

会永远感激认识他：从他身上，我们懂得了什么是毫无怨言地接受坏的，什么是心存感激地接受好的。)”由此可知，作者非常感激这位老人。故选A。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段第一句“Hisfacelookedterrible–itwasswollenandred.

(他的脸看上去很可怕——又红又肿。)”和最后一段中“Fromhim,welearnedwhatitwastoacceptthebadwithoutcomplaintandthegoodwithgratitude.(从他

身上，我们懂得了什么是毫无怨言地接受坏的，什么是心存感激地接受好的。)”从文中我们可知，“不要以貌取人”。故选D。【点睛】推理判断题要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，做出一定的推理判断，从而得到文章的隐含意义和深层意义

。推理判断题所涉及的内容可能是文中的某一句话，也可能是某几句话，所以，推理题的答案只能是根据原文表面文字信息一步推出的答案：即对原文某一句话或某几句话所作的同义改写或综合。推理判断题的题干中通常含infer,suggest,imply,concl

udeindicate等标志性词语。本题第2小题，根据第四段“Theoldmanhadahugeheartinsidehistinybody.Hetoldmethathefishedforalivingtosupporthisdaughter,hisdaughter

’sfivechildrenandherdisabledhusband.(老人小小的身体里有一颗巨大的心脏。他告诉我，为了养活女儿、女儿的五个孩子和她残疾的丈夫，他以捕鱼为生。)”由此可知，这位老人供养着一个大家庭表明这位老人有一颗宽大的心。故选A。CWiththeinte

rnetandsmartphones,peoplehaveimmediateaccesstonewsfromallovertheworld.Itsoundslikeagoodthing,butcanthereeverbetoomuchofit?Whileaccesstonewsisimportan

t,thenewsitselfisusuallybad.Thismakessomesense.Notmanypeoplewouldbuyanewspaperwithheadlineslike,“Everythingisgreat!”or,“Th

eskyismorebluetodaythanyesterday.”Yetthereisaproblemthatcomesfromtheamountofnewswe’retakingin.Peoplefeelincreasedanxietybecausetheygets

omuchnegativeinformation.Whyisthishappening?Associalanimals,humansareempathetic(感同身受的)towardeachother.

Thisisgreatforourcommunities,butwhenwereadaboutpeoplesufferinginafarawayplace,wefeelheartbroken.Thiswonderfulthingabouthumansinsteadbeco

mespartoftheproblem.“There’sactually,formanypeople,physicalpaininwantingtohelp–--ourheartgoesouttothem,”USProfessorCharlesFigley,amentalhealthsp

ecialist,toldNationalPublicRadio.Hecallsit“bad-newsburnout(倦怠).”Otherscallit“thehopegap”,whichreferstothephenomenonthatwefeelsurroundedb

yproblems.Beforethisnewsstressesyouout,takeadeepbreath,becauseyoucantakecontrolofthesituationrightnow.Thefir

ststepistotakeFigley’sadviceandturnoffthenews.“Wecan’tobviouslyrunawayandhideforever,butyes,wedoneedtotakebreaks,”hesaid.N

ext,changethescenery.Leavetheroomwhereyougetnewsandnegativeinformation.Betteryet,goforawalk.Don’tletnews

intothepartsofyourlifethataremeantforsocializingorrelaxing.“Lightenup,justenjoylife,smilemore,laughmore,anddon’tgetsoworkedupaboutthings,”Irishactor

KennethCharlesBranaghtoldUS-basedInterviewMagazine.Lifeisshortandyourtimeisvaluable.Makemoretimeforfri

ends,familyandhobbies.Youdon’tneedtospenditworryingaboutthingsyoucan’tcontrol.Instead,directyourenergytowardthethingsyoucanchang

e.9.Whatdoestheword“problem”inParagraph3referto?A.Peoplearefacedwithtoomuchinformation.B.Thereistoolittlegoodnewsin

newspapers.C.Fakenewsishavinganimpactonpeople’slives.D.Peoplegetanxiouswithsomuchnegativenews.10.TheauthorquotesFigley’swordsinParagra

ph5mainlyto______.A.explainthebenefitsofhumancompassionB.showthatit’simpossibletosolveallproblemsC.expla

inhowpeopleareaffectedbybadnewsD.provethatbadnewscancauseillnesses11.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestpeopledowi

ththestresscausedbynegativeinformation?A.Avoidreadinganybadnews.B.Talktoaclosefriend.C.Findarelaxingenvironment.D.Findsomegoodne

wstoread.12.Theunderlinedphrase“workedup”inthesecondtolastparagraphprobablymeans______.A.confusedB.upsetC.optimisticD.surprised【答

案】9.D10.C11.C12.B【解析】这是一篇说明文。有了互联网和智能手机，人们可以立即获得来自世界各地的新闻。同时人们听到这么多负面新闻就会焦虑。文章介绍了一些合理的建议来处理由负面信息引起的压力。【9题详

解】词义猜测题。根据第三段中“thatcomesfromtheamountofnewswe’retakingin.Peoplefeelincreasedanxietybecausetheygetsomuchnegativeinformation.(这来自于我们接收的信息量。人们

感到越来越焦虑，因为他们得到了太多的负面信息。)”由此推知划线词problem的意思是“人们听到这么多负面新闻就会焦虑。”故选D。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段中“There’sactually,formanyp

eople,physicalpaininwantingtohelp–--ourheartgoesouttothem,(事实上，对很多人来说，想要帮助别人会有身体上的痛苦——我们的心会同情他们，)”和“Otherscallit“thehopegap”,whic

hreferstothephenomenonthatwefeelsurroundedbyproblems.(另一些人称之为“希望鸿沟”，指的是我们感到被问题包围的现象。)”由此可知，作者在第5段引用了Fig

ley的话，主要是为了解释人们如何受到坏消息的影响。故选C。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“changethescenery.Leavetheroomwhereyougetnewsandnegativeinformation.Bette

ryet,goforawalk.Don’tletnewsintothepartsofyourlifethataremeantforsocializingorrelaxing.(改变风景。离开你获得新闻和负面信息的房间。最好是去散散步。不要让新闻进入你生活中

原本应该用来社交或放松的部分。)”由此可知，作者建议人们通过找一个放松的环境来处理由负面信息引起的压力。故选C。【12题详解】词义猜测题。根据倒数第二段中“Lightenup,justenjoylife,smilemore,laughmore(放轻松，享受生活，多笑，多

笑。)”也就是“不要烦恼。”由此推知划线词workedup的意思是“烦恼”。故选B。DYouknowtheoldphrase,“Practicemakesperfect.”Thatmaynotalwaysbetrue.AccordingtoarecentstudypublishedinR

oyalSocietyOpenScience,thereareotherfactorsforreachingelite(最优秀的)levelsofability.Theresearcherssetouttoreplicate(复制)thepr

ocessofanow-famous1993studyoftop-levelviolinistsandpianists.Onaverage,theearlierstudyfoundthattop-rankedmusicianshadclockedover10,000hou

rsofpracticebytheageof20.Itbelievedtheirsuccesswasduetothehoursspentpracticing,notbecauseofnaturaltalent,learningskillsandotherfact

ors.AuthorMalcolmGladwellcalled10,000hours“themagicnumberofgreatness”.Questioningthisconclusion,BrookeMacnam

araandMeghaMaitra,fromCaseWesternReserveUniversityinOhio,US,soughtvolunteerstoputthe10,000-hourruletothetest.Thepairorganizedviolini

stsintothreegroups,basedonwhethertheirtutorsratedthemasthebestplayers,goodplayers,oraverageplayers.Theywerethentoldtorecordhowlongtheypracticedevery

week.Theyfoundthatthe“average”playershadaround6,000hoursofpractice.However,therewaslittleseparatingthegoodfromthebestmusicians.Bothgroupshadappro

ximately11,000hoursofpracticebytheageof20.“Onceyougettothehighlyskilledgroups,practicestopsaccountingforthedifference,”MacnamaratoldtheGua

rdian.“Smallerfactorsthendeterminewhogoesontothatsuper-elitelevel.”“Thefactorsdependontheskillbeinglearned:inchessitcouldbeintelligenceorworkingmemo

ry,insportitmaybehowefficientlyapersonusesoxygen,”shesaid.Shealsopointedoutthefactorofmotivationandtheinteractionsofdiff

erentfactors.Itshouldbesaidthatneithersidediscountsthevalueofmakinganeffort.Evenifyouaren’tdestined(命中注定的)tobetheworld’sgreatestviol

inist,practicewillmakeyoualittlebitbetterthanyouwereyesterday.13.Whatcanwelearnfromthe1993study?A.The10,000-hourruleappliestoeve

rything.B.Practiceisthekeytomasteringaskill.C.Naturaltalentisparticularlyimportantformusicians.D.It’sbettertolearnaninstrumentatayoungage.14.Whatd

idthestudybyMacnamaraandMaitrafind?A.Thethreegroupsofviolinistsvariedalotintheirpracticetimes.B.Themasteringofdifferentskillsrequireddifferent

hoursofpractice.C.Motivationandtalentdeterminedwhetheronecouldbecomeaneliteviolinist.D.Practicetimedidn’tmakemuchdifferencebetween“th

ebest”and“good”violinists.15.Theunderlinedword“discounts”probablymeans______.A.ignoresB.provesC.recognizesD.considers【答案】13.B14.D15.A【解析】这是一

篇议论文。老话说，“熟能生巧”。这可能并不总是对的。根据最近发表在《英国皇家学会开放科学》(RoyalSocietyOpenScience)杂志上的一项研究，还有其他因素会影响学生达到更高的能力水平。文章对此进行了论述。但无论如何双方都没有低估努力的价值。【13题详解】推理判

断题。根据第二段中“Onaverage,theearlierstudyfoundthattop-rankedmusicianshadclockedover10,000hoursofpracticebytheageof20.Itbelievedtheirsucces

swasduetothehoursspentpracticing,notbecauseofnaturaltalent,learningskillsandotherfactors.(早期的研究发现，顶级音乐

家在20岁时平均练习时间超过1万小时。它认为，他们的成功是由于花了几个小时的练习，而不是由于自然天赋，学习技能和其他因素。)”由此可知，从1993年的研究发现“实践是掌握一项技能的关键。”故选B。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第六段“Theyfoundthatthe“a

verage”playershadaround6,000hoursofpractice.However,therewaslittleseparatingthegoodfromthebestmusicians.Bothgr

oupshadapproximately11,000hoursofpracticebytheageof20.(他们发现，“平均”玩家有大约6000小时的练习时间。然而，优秀的音乐家和最优秀的音乐家之间并没有什么区别。到20岁时，两组都有大约11000小时的练习时

间。)”由此可知，练习时间对“最好的”和“好的”小提琴手没有太大区别。故选D。【15题详解】词义猜测题。根据最后一段中“Evenifyouaren’tdestined(命中注定的)tobetheworld’sgreatestviolinist,practicewi

llmakeyoualittlebitbetterthanyouwereyesterday.(即使你不是注定要成为世界上最伟大的小提琴家，练习也会让你比昨天好一点点。)”也就是说“双方都没有低估努力的价值。”由此可知，划线词的意思是“忽视”。故选A。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10

分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Fromredapplesandyellowlemonstoblueberriesandgreenmelons,f

ruitcomesinmanydifferentcolors.___16___Accordingtoscientists,fruitcolorsactuallycomefromtheirdifferentpigments(色素),suchasredoryellowcaro

tenoid(类胡萝卜素)andblueorpurpleanthocyanin(花青素).Thesepigmentsappearindifferentamounts,dependingonthefruit’se

nvironment.Thiscausesthefruittoturnacertaincolor.___17___Theyfoundthatredfruittendstogrowincoolerplaces.Insteadofjustgrowinginonepl

ace,youcanfindthemgrowinginmanyplacesaroundtheworld.Blueandpurplefruitmostlygrowsinwarmplaces.___18___Thescientistsalsofoundthatthecloserthefruit

istotheequator,thedarkeritscolorwillbe.___19___Animalseatfruitanddroptheseedsinotherplaceslater.Thishelpsthefruitspreadandgrowindifferentplaces.H

owever,animalsseecolorsinadifferentway.Therefore,inordertoattractanimals,somefruitdevelopcolorsthatareeasyforanimalstosee.Forexample,bi

rdscanseeredmoreeasilythanhumanscan.___20___Thelemurs(狐猴)ofMadagascararered-greencolorblind.Manyyellowfruitcanbef

oundintheirhabitats,astheycaneasilyseethiscolor.A.Howdoestemperatureinfluencefruitcolors?B.Thesefruitstendtogrowalotinjustonespec

ificarea.C.Whydodifferentkindsoffruithavesomanycolors?D.However,adarkercolordoesn’tmeanabetterkindoffruit.E.Sotheretendstobemoreredf

ruitinareaswherebirdslive.F.Animalshavealsohadaninfluenceontheevolutionoffruitcolors.G.Scientistsstudiedmorethan280differentfruitcolorstofindouthow

environmentaffectsfruitcolors.【答案】16.C17.G18.B19.F20.E【解析】这是一篇说明文。水果有很多不同的颜色，文章介绍了不同种类的水果为什么有这么多颜色。【16题详解】根据

上文提示“从红色的苹果和黄色的柠檬到蓝莓和绿色的瓜，水果有很多不同的颜色。”承接上文，C项Whydodifferentkindsoffruithavesomanycolors?（为什么不同种类的水果有这么多颜色?）切题。故选C。【17题详解】根据下文提示“他们发现红色的水果往往生长在较冷

的地方。”承接下文，G项Scientistsstudiedmorethan280differentfruitcolorstofindouthowenvironmentaffectsfruitcolors.（科学家们研究了超过280种不同的

水果颜色，以找出环境是如何影响水果颜色的。）切题。故选G。【18题详解】根据上文提示“蓝色和紫色的水果大多生长在温暖的地方。”再根据下文提示“科学家们还发现，越靠近赤道的果实颜色越深。”承接上下文，B项Thesefruitstendtogrowalotinjustonespecifi

carea.（这些水果往往只在一个特定的地区大量生长。）切题。故选B。【19题详解】根据下文提示“动物吃水果，然后把种子撒到其他地方。”承接下文，F项Animalshavealsohadaninfluenceontheevoluti

onoffruitcolors.（动物对水果颜色的进化也有影响。）切题。故选F。【20题详解】根据上文提示“例如，鸟类比人类更容易看到红色。”承接上文，E项Sotheretendstobemoreredfruitinareaswherebirdslive.（因此

，鸟类生活的地区往往有更多的红色水果。）切题。故选E。第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。LastMayIwen

ttoalakewithmyfamily.Ithoughtitwouldbeanormalfundayofswimming,butIwas___21___.Mybrothersandmyunclewerewithmeinashal

lowswimmingareawithanetanda___22___.Therestofmyfamilyatelunchonanearbybench.Ifeltvery____23____.Iwassittingintheshallowwaterwithmyfeetfacingth

edeeperend,whensomethinghitmy___24___.Iknewitwasanalligator(短吻鳄)assoonasitbitme.Itsteethwereso___25___!Istartedcryingoutloudfor___26___,butmyfa

milydidn’thearme.Istartedto___27___thenine-foot-longalligatorandthenI____28____somethingIlearnedatana

lligatoreducationpark:The___29___istheweakestpartofanalligator!Istuckmyfingersupitsnose,andit___30___

ofme.Itriedtogetoutofthewater,butIcouldn’tgetupbecausemylegwas___31___.Myuncleheldmeand____32____meoutofthewater.Itwastheli

feguard’sfirstdayof___33___,andhewasshakingwhilehelookedatmyleg.Wewerealso___34___!Iwassentto____35____andgotfourteenstitches(缝针)inmyl

eftleg.Ihaveabigscar(伤疤)thatmakesmethinkabouthow____36____Iwasthatday.ButIalsorememberhowbraveIwasinthatmoment.I____37____sof

ast–Ihadto!It’snotlikethealligatorwasgoingtogivemetwominutesto____38____likeinachessmatch.Ihadtobea(n)____39____thinker.Sometimesyou’rein

asituationwhere____40____elsecanhelpyouandyouhavetothinkfastandhelpyourself.That’swhatIdid.21.A.foolishB.wrongC.confuse

dD.surprised22.A.lifeguardB.trainerC.doctorD.volunteer23.A.amazedB.uncomfortableC.safeD.nervous24.A.legB.headC.shoulde

rD.arm25.A.straightB.bigC.whiteD.sharp26.A.actionB.solutionC.changeD.help27.A.pushB.dragC.hitD.touch28.A.noticedB

.rememberedC.imaginedD.understood29.A.noseB.mouthC.headD.back30.A.tooknoticeB.madefunC.letgoD.gothold31.A.weakB.tiredC.hurtD.short32.A.

carriedB.ledC.droveD.kept33.A.competitionB.classC.trainingD.work34.A.sighingB.cryingC.shoutingD.shaking35

.A.prisonB.hospitalC.schoolD.police36.A.carelessB.scaredC.angryD.stupid37.A.swamB.reactedC.returnedD.escaped38.A.worryB.studyC.he

sitateD.think39.A.originalB.independentC.quickD.free40.A.anybodyB.nobodyC.somebodyD.everybody【答案】21.B22.A23.C24.A2

5.D26.D27.C28.B29.A30.C31.C32.A33.D34.D35.B36.B37.B38.D39.C40.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者在浅水区游泳遇到短吻鳄并与其勇敢搏斗的故事。这个故事告诉我们“有时在危急时刻只有自己才能救自己”。【21

题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我以为这将是一个正常的游泳乐趣的一天，但我错了。A.foolish愚蠢的；B.wrong错误的；C.confused困惑的；D.surprised感到惊讶的。根据第1空前的“Ithough

titwouldbeanormalfundayofswimming,”和转折连词but可知，作者想错了。故选B。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的兄弟和叔叔和我一起在一个浅游泳区，带着一张网和一名救生员。A.lifeguar

d救生员，警卫；B.trainer训练员；C.doctor医生；D.volunteer志愿者。根据第2空前的“inashallowswimmingarea”可知，带着一名救生员去游泳。故选A。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。

句意：我的家人在附近的长椅上吃午饭。我感到很安全。A.amazed感到惊讶的；B.uncomfortable不舒服的；C.safe安全的；D.nervous紧张不安的。根据上文提到的有救生员陪着和“Therestofmyfamilyatelunchonanearbybench.”可知，

作者感到安全。故选C。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我坐在浅水区，双脚面向较深的一端，突然有什么东西撞到了我的腿。A.leg腿；B.head头；C.shoulder肩膀；D.arm胳膊。根据第4空前的“sittingintheshallo

wwaterwithmyfeetfacingthedeeperend”和下文的“Iknewitwasanalligator(短吻鳄)assoonasitbitme.”可知，有东西在水里撞作者的腿。故选A。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它的牙

齿真锋利!A.straight笔直的；B.big大的；C.white白的；D.sharp锋利的。根据第15空后的“gotfourteenstitches(缝针)inmyleftleg.”可知，短吻鳄的牙齿

是锋利的。故选D。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我开始大声呼救，但是我的家人没有听到。A.action行动；B.solution解决方法；C.change改变；D.help帮助。根据第6空后的“butmyfamilydidn

’thearme.”可知，作者大声呼救。故选D。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我开始击打9英尺长的短吻鳄，然后我想起了我在短吻鳄教育公园学到的东西:鼻子是短吻鳄最脆弱的部分!我用手指堵住它的鼻子，它放开了我。A.push推动；B.drag拖拉；C.hit

击打；D.touch打动。感动。根据第10空前的“Istuckmyfingersupitsnose,”可知，作者击打它的鼻子。故选C。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我开始击打9英尺长的短吻鳄，然后我想起了我在短吻鳄教育公园学到的东西:鼻子是短吻

鳄最脆弱的部分!我用手指堵住它的鼻子，它放开了我。A.noticed注意到；B.remembered记得；C.imagined想象；D.understood明白，理解。根据第8空后的“somethingIlearnedatanalligatoreducationpa

rk”可知，作者记起所学关于短吻鳄的知识。故选B。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我开始击打9英尺长的短吻鳄，然后我想起了我在短吻鳄教育公园学到的东西:鼻子是短吻鳄最脆弱的部分!我用手指堵住它的鼻子，它放开了我。A.nose鼻子；

B.mouth嘴；C.head头；D.back背部。根据第10空前的“Istuckmyfingersupitsnose,”可知，鼻子是短吻鳄最脆弱的部分。故选A。【30题详解】考查动词词组。句意：我开始击打9英尺长的短吻鳄，然后我想起了我在短吻鳄教育公园学到的东西:鼻子是短吻鳄最脆弱的部分!我用

手指堵住它的鼻子，它放开了我。A.tooknotice注意；B.madefun取笑；C.letgo放开，松手；D.gothold得到。根据第10空前的“Istuckmyfingersupitsnose,”可知

，短吻鳄放开了我。固定短语：letgoof松手放开。故选C。【31题详解】考查形容词词词义辨析。句意：我试图离开水，但我不能站起来，因为我的腿受伤了。A.weak弱的；B.tired劳累的；C.hurt受伤的；D.short短的。根据第11空前“Itriedtogetout

ofthewater,butIcouldn’tgetup”可知，作者的腿受伤。故选C。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我叔叔抱着我，把我从水里拉了出来。A.carried携带，搬运；B.led引领；C.drove驾驶，驱使；D.

kept保持。根据第12空前的“Myuncleheldme”可知，作者的叔叔把作者从水里抱出来。故选A。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是救生员第一天上班，他边看我的腿边发抖。A.competiti

on竞争，比赛；B.class班级；C.training训练；D.work工作。根据第13空前后“Itwasthelifeguard’sfirstday和hewasshakingwhilehelookedatmyleg.”可知这是救生员第一天上班。故选D。【34

题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们也在发抖!A.sighing叹息；B.crying哭；C.shouting大喊；D.shaking摇动。根据第14空前的“hewasshakingwhilehelookedatmyleg.We

werealso”可知，作者和叔叔也发抖。故选D。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我被送进医院，左腿缝了14针。A.prison监狱；B.hospital医院；C.school学校；D.police警察。根据第15空后的“gotfourteenstitches(缝

针)inmyleftleg.”可知，作者被送到了医院。故选B。【36题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我有个大伤疤，让我想起那天我有多害怕。A.careless粗心的；B.scared害怕的；C.angry生气的；D.stupid愚蠢

的。根据第16空前的“Ihaveabigscar(伤疤)thatmakesmethinkabout”可知，作者回忆起那天的事感到害怕。故选B。【37题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的反应太快了——我必须这么做

!A.swam游泳；B.reacted反应；C.returned返回，归还；D.escaped逃脱。根据第17空前的“IalsorememberhowbraveIwasinthatmoment.”和空后的“sofast–Ihadto!”可知，作者那天反应很快。故选B。【3

8题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：鳄鱼又不会给我两分钟思考时间，就像下棋一样。A.worry担忧；B.study学习；C.hesitate犹豫不决；D.think想，认为。根据第18空后的“likeinachessmatch.”可知，鳄鱼不会给作者思考的时间。故选D。

【39题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我必须是一个思维敏捷的人。A.original原创的，新颖的；B.independent独立自主的；C.quick迅速的；D.free空闲的，免费的。根据第20空后的“youhavetothinkf

astandhelpyourself.”可知，作者反应敏捷。故选C。【40题详解】考查不定代词。句意：有时你会陷入没人能帮助你的境地，你必须快速思考并帮助自己。A.anybody任何人；B.nobody没有人；C.somebody某人；D.everybody

每个人。根据第20空前后“Sometimesyou’reinasituation”和“elsecanhelpyouandyouhavetothinkfastandhelpyourself.”可知，没有人能救你，救你的只有自己。故选B。【点睛】解完形填空题时，单独看一句话是

找不到正确答案的，需要阅读下句或者若干句才能明白。所谓上下对照，即在上文和下文中找到与正确答案相同的关键词。因此，在做题时要边读边在大脑中储存上下文信息的能力，捕捉关键词。本题第5小题，句意：它的牙齿真锋利!A.straight笔直的；B.big大的；C.white白的；D.sh

arp锋利的。根据第15空后的“gotfourteenstitches(缝针)inmyleftleg.”可知，短吻鳄的牙齿是锋利的。故选D。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当

的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。EveryyearinearlyApril,tensofthousandsofpeopleinChinavisitthetombsoftheirparents,grandparentsandancestor

s.ItisTomb-SweepingDay,atraditionalChineseholiday____41____(remember)thedead.Onthisday,Chinesefamilieswillsweeptheirrelatives

’tombsandcleanthegroundaroundthem.Then,they____42____(burn)papermoneyandputflowersandfruitinfrontofthetombs.

Theyhopethedeadcanenjoy____43____itemsandbringthefamilygoodluck.However,itisnotonlyinChina____44____peoplerememberthedead.Peopleinothercountrie

salsohaveholidaystohonorthedead.InJapan,Obonisoneofthecountry’s____45____(important)holidays.It____46____(hold)fromAug13to16.Itisatim

e____47____familymembersreunite.DuringObon,Japanesepeoplereturntotheirhometownsandvisittheirancestors’tombs.InRussia,peoplerememb

ertheirancestorsontheDayofRejoicing,_____48_____usuallyfallsinlateAprilorearlyMay.Thenameofthisholidayreferstobirthand____49

____(happy).Russiansbelievethatpeopleshouldn’tfeelsadforthedead_____50_____deathmeansrebirthinanotherworld.【答案】41.to

remember42.willburn43.these/the44.that45.mostimportant46.isheld47.when48.which49.happiness50.because【解析】这是一篇说明

文。文章介绍中国的清明节以及日本和俄罗斯为纪念先人所设立的节日。【41题详解】考查动词不定式作目的状语。句意：清明节是一个中国传统的节日，它是用来纪念死者的。此处是动词不定式作目的状语，故填toremember。【42题详解】考查

一般将来时态。句意：然后，他们会烧纸钱，把鲜花和水果放在坟墓前。结合句意句子应该用一般将来时态。故填willburn。【43题详解】考查名词前面的限定词。句意：他们希望死者能享受这些物品，给家人带来好运。此处用these或定冠词the来指代前面提到的papermoneyandputf

lowersandfruit.故填these/the。【44题详解】考查主语从句。句意：然而，并不是只有在中国，人们才会记住死者。此处it是形式主语，that引导的主语从句才是真正的主语。故填that。【4

5题详解】考查形容词最高级。句意：在日本，Obon是该国最重要的节日之一。根据定冠词the可知此处用形容词的最高级。故填mostimportant。【46题详解】考查一般现在时态的被动语态。句意：它在8月13日至

16日举行。此处it指的是Obon，和谓语动词hold之间是一种被动关系，且这里在讲述一个客观事实，所以句子用一般现在时态的被动语态。故填isheld。【47题详解】考查定语从句。句意：这是家庭成员团聚的时刻。句中time作先行词，横线后面的句子不缺主谓宾，分析句子结构，把先行词放在后

面的句子中作时间状语，所以这里是when引导的定语从句。故填when。【48题详解】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：在俄罗斯，人们在庆祝日纪念他们的祖先，通常是在四月底或五月初。此处theDayofRejoic

ing是先行词，指物，在后面的非限制性定语从句中作主语，故填which。【49题详解】考查名词。句意：这个节日的名字指的是出生和幸福。谓语动词refersto后面用名词作宾语，所给词happy是形容词，其名词形式是happiness。故填ha

ppiness。【50题详解】考查原因状语从句。句意：俄罗斯人认为，人们不应该为死者感到悲伤，因为死亡意味着另一个世界的重生。结合句意此处是原因状语从句。故填because。第四部分写作（共两节，满分3

5分）第一节短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修

改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。WhenIwasyoung,on

eofmybiggestdreamsweretoliveinahousemadeoutofcandy.Aftersomanyyears,IfinallygotachancerealizemychildhooddreamatSugarRepublic,apopularlycandymu

seuminMelbourne.Walkingthroughthedoor,Ienteredinawholenewworld.Thefirstthingwhichcaughtmyeyewasabiggumbal

l(口香糖球)machine.However,youcouldnotgetgumballsfromthem.Instead,youcouldbecomeagumballyourselfbyclimbinsideit!Interestedintakingpicture,youwouldnot

beabletoputdownyourcamerahere.ApinkswingandahugecakewerejustafewoftheamazedthingsIsaw.Howa“delicious”experience!【答案】1.were→was2.reali

ze前∧to3.popularly→popular4.去掉entered后的in5.which→that6.them→it7.climb→climbing8.picture→pictures9.amazed→amazing10.How→What【解析】【

分析】这是一篇记叙文。作者年轻的时候，最大的梦想之一就是住在糖果做的房子里。文章介绍了作者的“美味”体验。【详解】1.考查主谓一致。句意：当我年轻的时候，我最大的梦想之一就是住在糖果做的房子里。此处oneof是主句的主语，单数形式，故把were改成was。2.考查动词

不定式作后置定语。句意：经过这么多年，我终于有机会在SugarRepublic实现了我儿时的梦想，这是墨尔本一家非常受欢迎的糖果博物馆。固定用法：achancetodosth.“做某事的机会”。此处是动词不定

式作后置定语，故在realize前加to。3.考查形容词。句意：经过这么多年，我终于有机会在SugarRepublic实现了我儿时的梦想，这是墨尔本一家非常受欢迎的糖果博物馆。此处candymuseum是名词，由形容

词修饰，故把popularly改成popular。4.考查介词用法。句意：走进门，我进入了一个全新的世界。此处enter进入，是及物动词，后面直接跟宾语，本身就含有in/into的意思，故把后面的in去掉。5.考查定语从句。句意：首先映入我眼帘的是一个巨大的口香

糖机。此处thing是先行词，后面是定语从句，但由于先行词被序数词first修饰，所以用that引导。故把which改成that。6.考查人称代词宾格。句意：然而，你不能从中得到任何好处。此处用人称代词宾格it指代上句提到的machine。故把them改成it。7.考查动名词作宾语。句意：

相反，你可以爬进去，自己变成一个口香糖球!固定搭配：bydoingsth.通过做某事。此处是动名词作宾语，故把climb改成climbing。8.考查名词复数。句意：如果你对拍照感兴趣，你就不能在这里放下相机。固定词组：takingpictures“拍照”。此处名词用复数形

式，故把picture改成pictures。9.考查情感形容词-ing和-ed的用法。句意：一个粉红色的秋千和一个巨大的蛋糕只是我看到的一些令人惊叹的东西。此处things是名词，指物，由amazing“令

人惊讶的”修饰，而amazed的意思是“感到惊讶的”。故把amazed改成amazing。10.考查感叹句。句意：多么“美味”的体验啊!此处中心词是名词experience所以感叹句有what引导。故把How改成What。【点睛】众所周知what和how引导感叹句What修饰名

词1.What+a/an+形容词+单数可数名词+主语+谓语！Whatanhonestboy!2.What+形容词+可数名词复数+主语+谓语！Whatimportantmeetingstheyare!3.Wha

t+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语!Whatbadweather!How修饰形容词或副词Howpatientlytheyarewaitingforhim!温馨提示：Whatacleverboyheis!多

么聪明的男孩！Howclevertheboyis!多么聪明的男孩！第二节书面表达（满分25分）52.假设你是李华，你校英文报正在举行“垃圾分类与我”主题英语征文活动。请你根据以下要点提示进行投稿：1.你所在小区的垃圾分类情况；2.垃圾分类的好处；3.你的感受。注意：1.词数100左右；

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。参考词汇：垃圾分类garbageclassification_______________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________【答案】Garbageclassification,whetheryouareaccustomedtoitornot,ismakingachangeto

thewaywelive.Takingourcommunityasanexample,dustbinsindifferentcolorshavebeenputintouseandmostresidentsareclear

abouttherulesofclassificationandwillingtofollowtheinstructions.Eventhoughittakesalittlemoretimeforindividualstosortouttheirowngarbage,

itsavesthegovernmentaconsiderableamountoftimeandallowsmorethingstoberecycled.Inthisway,weareshoulderingourshareofresponsibilityascitizens.Itpaystopu

tgarbageintodifferentcategories,forourownsakeandthesakeofnature.【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求写一篇征文稿。【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，本文为一篇征文稿：假设你是李华

，你校英文报正在举行“垃圾分类与我”主题英语征文活动。请你根据以下要点提示进行投稿：1.你所在小区的垃圾分类情况；2.垃圾分类的好处；3.你的感受。第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如：whetheryouareaccustomedtoitornot（不管你

是否习惯）；makingachangetothewaywelive（改变我们的生活方式）；indifferentcolors（不同的颜色）；followtheinstructions（按照说明）等。第3

步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。【点睛】本文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。

另外全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。同时文中使用高级句子。Garbageclassification,whetheryouareaccustomedtoitornot,ismakingacha

ngetothewaywelive.句中使用让步状语从句和定语从句；Takingourcommunityasanexample,dustbinsindifferentcolorshavebeenputintouseandmostresidentsareclea

rabouttherulesofclassificationandwillingtofollowtheinstructions.现在分词作状语，且句中使用现在完成时态的被动语态；Eventhoughittakesalittlemoretimeforindiv

idualstosortouttheirowngarbage,itsavesthegovernmentaconsiderableamountoftimeandallowsmorethingstoberecycled.句中Even

though引导让步状语从句。