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深圳科学高中2020届高三第九次轮考英语试题第Ⅰ卷第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AKinderCam
pThisisaweek-longcamp,MondaythroughFriday,forchildrenfromthreeyearsoldtothoseenteringfirstgradeinthefall.Early
childhoodeducatorsguideyourchildthroughactivitiesincludingsongs,games,storiesandwalksinthewoods.Dailythemesincludedirt,furryanimals
,insectsandmore!Parentssignuptobringasnack(小吃).Choosefromeithermorningorafternoonsessions,fromJune9toJuly1,2020.Kids
CampChildrenexplorealldayinthenaturalworld.Art,music,cooperativegamesandhikesthroughthewoodsaresomeoftheactivit
iesinthisfun-filledweek.Eachgradelevelhasitsowncampprogramespeciallydesignedwiththecampers’interestsinmind.Camp
takesplaceMondaythroughFriday,9amto3pm.Level1(completed1stgrade):July28toAugust1,2020.Level2(completed2ndgrade):August4to8,2020.Level3(complete
d3rdgrade):August11to15,2020.Pleasenote:childrenmustbringtheirownlunches.OutdoorExpeditionsSendyourchildonatravelingadventure.Teenagerswillinvestiga
tethenatural,culturalandhistoricalfactsthatmaketheirhometownagreatcity.Activitieswillincludeuniquefieldtripsandtours.OutdoorExpedition:from9
amto3pm,August11to15,2020.Pleasenote:childrenmustbringtheirownlunches.RainbowCampCampersenjoyallkind
sofactivitiesincludingartsandcrafts,musicandsinging,drama,activegames,cookingandahostofspecialeventsthatgowithourthemeweeks
!Specialguestsareinvitedtothecampeveryweektoentertainourcampersandmayincludestorytellers,musiciansandmagicians.Week-longcamp,June
14to18.Campersmustbeatleast4yearsoldtotakepart.Formoreinformation,callFrickEnvironmentalCenterat(412)422—6538.1.Accordingtothepassage,wecaninfe
rthatKinderCampisprobablyorganizedto____.A.helpchildrenlearnaboutnaturewhileplayingB.getchildrenpreparedforprimaryschoolC.offerparen
tsachancetoplaywiththeirchildrenD.developchildren’slanguageskills2.Jack,aged13,interestedinnatureand
isfreeinAugust,wouldprobablytake____.A.RainbowCampB.KidsCampC.KinderCampD.OutdoorExpeditions3.Ofthefou
rcamps,thecommonthingisthat____.A.theyareallwhole-daycampsforchildrenB.theyalllastfivedaysforeachgroupC.theyallrequirec
amperstobringtheirownlunchesD.theyareallforchildrenoverfiveyearsold【答案】1.A2.D3.B【解析】本文是应用文，介绍了四个夏令营的情况，包括营期、举办时间、适合孩子的年龄、活动主题等。【1题详解
】推理判断题。根据KinderCamp部分的介绍中“Earlychildhoodeducatorsguideyourchildthroughactivitiesincludingsongs,games,stori
esandwalksinthewoods.Dailythemesincludedirt,furryanimals,insectsandmore”，KinderCamp中孩子可以通过唱歌、游戏、听故事和在树林中散步等活动来了解大自然，包括玩泥巴、看毛茸茸的
动物、昆虫等等。因此可以推测KinderCamp可以帮助孩子了解大自然。故选A项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据OutdoorExpeditions部分的介绍，“Teenagerswillinvestigatethenatural,culturalandhistoricalfacts”
和“August11to15,2020”可知，Jack可以参加户外探险营。故选D项。【3题详解】细节理解题。比较文章中四个营的每一期的营期时间，KinderCamp是aweek-longcamp，MondaythroughFriday；KidsCamp是MondaythroughFr
iday；OutdoorExpeditions是August11to15；RainbowCamp是Week-longcamp,June14to18。可以看出，四个营每一期的营期都是5天。故选B项。BA
cloudlessSouthernCaliforniaskyloomsovertheProParkCoursefortheProSkateParkSeries.Heretocompetearesomeof
thetopfemaleskatersintheworld.Thewomenskatersrangeinagefromearlyadolescencetoearly30s,butinasportthatembracesyouth,th
ereisonewhostandsout.At8yearsold,SkyBrown,wouldbetheyoungestskater,maleorfemale,evertocompeteatthisseries.Sheisknowntosome—aminorstarofthevir
alage.WhenherfirstvideowaspostedtoYouTube,Skyinitiallygainedalittleinternetfameasaprematureandlevel-headed4-year-old—highlyintelligent,well-sp
okenbeyondheryears,hugelytalented,andyetgrounded.Fouryearslater,itwasannouncedthatshewouldbecompetingatHuntington
Beach.Still,thequestionremains:Isshetrulyready,orwillthisbeanothercasewhererealitycomescrashingdownhardonallthehype?Andthen,
itturnsouttobeanythingbut.Skygoesoutandpresentsonesurpriseafteranother.CommentatorsNealHendrixandChrisPastrasareleftinawe,“Halfoftheprosc
an'tdo.”Theonlythingthatmakestheprodigylooklikeakidishersize.Ineveryotherregard,sheholdsherownwithskaters10and20yearshersenior.Bef
orethecompetitionatHuntington,Skywasacuriosity.After,sheisacompetitor.Sky'sfirstmemoryofaskateboardis
seeingherfather,Stuart,doingafewtricksinfrontofthefamilyhome.“Italwayslookedreallyfun,”saysSky.“Ijustkeptbeggingtotryit.”Skypr
ogressedquickly,althoughsheneverhadaformalcoach.Somehowshejusthadtheknack.Everymovement,everyshiftinweig
ht,everypushandpullofbodyonboard,sheabsorbed.Then,shediditherself.“Yougetsoclosetomakingit,”shesaysofherprocess,“andthin
kyou'reabouttolandit,andthenittakesyou100moretimes.I'malwayssayingtomyparents,'Justonelasttry.'”Ifanyonewaspushing,strivingtogetbetter,i
twasSkyherself,learningnewtricksthesamewayeveryoneelsedoes—bytrying,failing,falling,andgettingbackupagain.4.Whatdoestheauthor
intendtodoinParagraph2?A.ToshowSky’searlyexperience.B.ToshowSky’stalentsfromvariedaspects.C.Toshowthepublic’sdoubtaboutSky’scompetence.D.Tos
howthepublic’srecognitionofSky’sperformances.5.WhatdoweknowaboutSky?A.Sheequalstheseniorskatersinthecompet
ition.B.Shelookslikeaprofessionalskaterintermsofherfigure.C.Sheparticipatesinacompetitioninappropriatefor
theyoung.D.Shehasalreadybecomeahouseholdnamebeforethecompetition.6.WhatisthemainreasonforSky’sachievements?A.H
erparentspushhertoohard.B.Shepracticeshardandneverquits.C.Hercoachisverystrictwithher.D.Herfatherexertsastronginfluenceonher.7
.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.ARockyRoadLeadstoInternetFameB.AStrongCompetitorStandsoutfromCrowdC.An8-year-oldSkaterAmazestheWorldD.AWo
nderShowsattheProSkateParkSeries【答案】4.C5.A6.B7.C【解析】这是一篇人物传记。文章讲述了8岁的小女孩SkyBrown，在与青少年及成年人的滑板比赛中脱颖而出，四年后她决定参加亨廷顿海滩的比赛，在人们的怀疑声中，她展现出
一个又一个惊喜。她回忆了自己的成长之路，是反复的练习和尝试造就了她的成功。【4题详解】推理判断题。由第二段中的“Still,thequestionremains:Isshetrulyready,orwillthisbeanothercasewhererealitycomes
crashingdownhardonallthehype?（不过，问题依然存在：她真的准备好了吗？还是说这又是一个现实在大肆宣传下崩溃的例子？）”，可知，人们对SkyBrown的能力还持有怀疑态度。故选C项。【5题详解】推理判断题。由第三段中的“heonlyt
hingthatmakestheprodigylooklikeakidishersize.（唯一让神童看起来像个孩子的就是她的身材。）”可知B选项“Shelookslikeaprofessionalskaterintermsof
herfigure.（根据她的身材可以看出来她像一个职业选手）”是错误的。由第一段中的“Thewomenskatersrangeinagefromearlyadolescencetoearly30s,（女子滑板运动员的年龄从青春期早期到30岁出
头不等）”可知C选项“Sheparticipatesinacompetitioninappropriatefortheyoung.（她参加了一个不适合年轻人参加的比赛。）”是错误的。由第三段中的“Bef
orethecompetitionatHuntington,Skywasacuriosity.（在比赛前，她是令人好奇的）”可知D选项中的“ahouseholdname家喻户晓的名字”表达有误。第三段的“Ineveryotherregard,sheholdsherownwit
hskaters10and20yearshersenior.（在其他方面，她都能和比她大10到20岁的滑板运动员打成平手）”和A选项意思相符。故选A项。【6题详解】细节理解题。由第三段中的“Ijustkeptbeggingto
tryit.（我只是不断乞求尝试。）”和文章最后一句话中的“…learningnewtricksthesamewayeveryoneelsedoes—bytrying,failing,falling（……学习新的技巧，就像其他人一样——尝试，失败，跌倒）”可知SkyBrown获得成就
的原因是刻苦的训练和永远不放弃的精神。故选B项。【7题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章讲述了一个小女孩在滑板比赛中脱颖而出，震惊了世界。A选项的“InternetFame”偏离主题。D选项的中心词是“shows”,因为本文是一篇人物传记，故D项错误。本文重点是突出女
孩小小年纪就可以与比她大10到20岁的滑板运动员相抗衡。故选C项。CASwissairplanepoweredonlybyenergyfromthesunleftfromAbuDhabiearlyonMarch9.Itscreatorshopetheplanewillm
akethefirstaround-the-worldjourneywithoutanyfuel.TheplaneiscalledSolarImpulse2.Ithasoneseatandismadefromcarbonfiber.Theplanew
eighsonlyasmuchasacarbutitswingsarewiderthanaBoeing747.Theplane’swingsstretch72metersacross.Thosewingsinclude17,000solaru
nits,orcells,whichcapturethesun’senergy.Theenergyallowstheplanetoflydayandnight.TwoSwissscientistsbuilttheplane.BertrandPiccard
isalsoanexplorerwhomadethefirstnon-stopflightaroundtheworldinaballoon.AndreBorschbergisanengineerandtrainedfighter
pilot.Thescientistssaytheyarenottryingtoaltertheairplaneindustry.Instead,theywanttoshowthatnewenergysourcesandtechnolog
iescanachievewhatsomesayisimpossible.“Wewanttoshowwecanflydayandnightinanaircraftwithoutadropoffuel.”Mr.Piccardsaid.Som
epartsofthetripwillrequirethepilotstobeinthetinyplaneforfivetosixdaysandnightsinarow.Soitisgoodthatthepilot’s
seatisalsoatoilet.Theplane’sroutebeginsintheUnitedArabEmirates.ThepilotsalsoplanstopsinOman,India,andChina.TheywillcrossthePacificOcean,sto
pintheUnitedStates,andcontinueoversouthernEuropeorNorthAfrica.TheyplantoarrivebackintheUnitedArabEmiratesinlateJulyorearlyAugust.Int
ernetviewerscangototheSolarImpulsewebsitetoseetheplane’slocationandlistentobroadcastsfromthepilots.8.Whydoestheplanehavewiderwings?A.Itcanf
lyfasterandlandsafely.B.Itcangetthesun’senergyeasily.C.ItmaylooklikeaBoeing747.D.Itwillmaketheplaneappea
rlarger.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“alter”inPara2probablymean?A.Improve.B.Change.C.Rebuild.D.Destroy.10.Whatdoweknowaboutth
etripmadeintheplane?A.Itwilltakefivetosixdaysandnights.B.Itisanon-stopflightaroundtheworld.C.ItisbroadcastliveontheInternet.D.Itdoesn’tinc
ludeNorthAmerica.11.Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?A.Asolar-poweredplanewilltraveltheglobe.B.Agoodwaytosaveenergyhasbeen
found.C.Anewly-builtplaneconsumesnoenergy.D.Solarenergywaitstobefullyexplored.【答案】8.B9.B10.C11.A【解析】本文属于说明文阅读，作者通过这篇文章主要向我们
描述了科学家们将新能源科技运用到飞机上制造太阳能飞机的实验。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段最后两句Thosewingsinclude17,000solarunits,orcells,whichcapturethes
un’senergy.Theenergyallowstheplanetoflydayandnight.可知，飞机有更宽的机翼是因为它可以很容易地获得太阳能。故选B。【9题详解】词义猜测题。根据第二段中Instead,theywanttoshowthatne
wenergysourcesandtechnologiescanachievewhatsomesayisimpossible.（相反，他们想要证明，新能源和新技术可以实现一些人所说的不可能实现的目标。）可知“科学
家们并没有试图改变航空业。”所以推知划线词的意思是“改变”。故选B。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段InternetviewerscangototheSolarImpulsewebsitetoseet
heplane’slocationandlistentobroadcastsfromthepilots.（互联网观众可以访问太阳能动力公司的网站，查看飞机的位置，并收听飞行员的广播。）可知，关于这次飞行，将在互联网上直播。故选C。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根
据第一段中ASwissairplanepoweredonlybyenergyfromthesunleftfromAbuDhabiearlyonMarch9.Itscreatorshopetheplanewillmakethefirstaround-the-worldjourneywitho
utanyfuel.TheplaneiscalledSolarImpulse2.（3月9日，一架仅靠太阳能供电的瑞士飞机从阿布扎比起飞。它的创造者希望这架飞机能进行第一次无燃料环球飞行。这架飞机被称为太阳动力2
号。）可知，本文讲述的是一架太阳能飞机将环游世界。故选A。DDon'tgetmadthenexttimeyoucatchyourteenagertextingwhenhepromisedtobestudying.Hesimplymaynotbeabl
etoresist.AUniversityoflowa(UI)studyfoundteenagersarefarmoresensitivethanadultstotheimmediateeffectorrewardoftheirbehavior
s.Thefindingsmayhelpexplainwhytheinitialrushoftextingmaybemoreattractiveforadolescentsthanthelong-termpayoffofstudying."Forthet
eenager,'therewardsareattractive."saysProfessorJatinVaidya，anauthorofthestudy."Theydrawadolescent.Sometimes,therewardsareakind
ofmotivationforthem.Evenwhenabehaviorisnolongerinateenager'sbestinteresttocontinue,theywill,becausetheeffectoftherewardisstillthereandlastsmuchl
ongerinadolescentsthaninadults."Forparents,thatmeanslimitingdistraction(分心的事情）soteenagerscanmakebetterchoices.T
akethehomeworkandsocialmediadilemma:At9p.m.,shutoffeverythingexceptacomputerthathasnoaccesstoFacehookorTwitter,theresearchersadvise
."I'mnotsayingtheyshouldn'tbeallowedaccesstotechnology,"Vaidyasays.Butsomehelpinnettingtheirconcentrationisnecessaryforthemsotheycand
evelopthoseimpulse-controlskills.”Intheirstudy,Vaidyaandco-authorShaunVeceranoteresearchersgenerallybelievet
eenagersareimpulsive（冲动的)，makebaddecisions，andengageinriskybehaviorbecausethefrontallobes（额叶）oftheirtrainsarenotfullydeveloped.ButtheUIresearcherswo
ndered.whethersomethingmorefundamentalwasgoingonwithadolescentstocausebehaviorsindependentofhigher-levelreasoning."Wewantedtotrytounderst
andthebrain'srewardsystemhowitchangefromchillhoodtoadulthood,"SaysVaidya,whoaddstherewardcharacterinthehuman
brainiseasierthandecision-making.“We'vebeentryingtounderstandtherewardprocessinadolescenceandwhetherthereismoretoadolescencebehaviort
hananunder-developedfrontallobe,”headds.Fortheirstudy,theresearcherspersuaded40adolescents,aged13and16,and40adults,aged20and35topartic
ipate.Inthefuture,researchershopetolookintothepsychologicalandneurological（神经学上的）aspectsoftheirresults.12.Whatdoesthepassagemai
nlytellus?A.Theinitialrushoftextingislessattractiveforadolescentsthanthelong-termpayoffofstudying.B.Always,rewardsareattractivetoteenagers.C.Resista
ncecanbecontrolledwellbyadolescents.D.Gettingrewardsisthegreatestmotivationforadolescentstostudy.13.W
hichstatementagreeswithVaidya'sidea?A.Theinfluenceoftherewardisweakinadolescents.B.Parentsshouldhelpchil
dreninmakingdecisions.C.ChildrenshouldhaveaccesstotheInternet.D.Childrenneedhelpinrefocusingtheirattention.14.Whatresultdoesteena
gers'brainunderdevelopmentleadto?A.Doingthingsaftersomethought.B.Makinggooddecisions.C.Joiningindangerous
actions.D.Escapingriskybehavior.15.Howdidtheresearcherscarryouttheirstudy?A.Bymakingacomparisonofbrainexaminations.B
.Byexaminingadults’brain.C.Byexaminingteenagebrain.D.Bybuildingthetrain’srewardsystem.【答案】12.B13.D14.C15.A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了青少年对即时效应和奖励比成人更敏感，所以奖励对青少年总是很有吸引力。【12题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“teenagersarefarmoresensitivethanadultstotheimmediateef
fectorrewardoftheirbehaviors.Thefindingsmayhelpexplainwhytheinitialrushoftextingmaybemoreattractiveforadolescentsthanthelong-termpayoffofstudying.”可
知，本文介绍了青少年对即时效应和奖励比成人更敏感，所以奖励对青少年总是很有吸引力，故B项正确。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Butsomehelpinnettingtheirconcentrationi
snecessaryforthemsotheycandevelopthoseimpulse-controlskills”可知，Vaidya认为帮助孩子们集中注意力是必要的，这样他们就能发展出控制冲动的技能，故D项正确
。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Intheirstudy,Vaidyaandco-authorShaunVeceranoteresearchersgenerallybelieveteenagersareimpul
sive，makebaddecisions，andengageinriskybehaviorbecausethefrontallobesoftheirtrainsarenotfullydeveloped.”可知，大脑前庭发育不良会
导致青少年冲动、做错误的决定和参与危险的行为，故C项正确。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“Whetherthereismoretoadolescencehehaviorthananunder-developedfrontallobe,”headds.Fortheirstud
y,theresearcherspersuaded40adolescents,aged13and16,and40adults,aged20and35toparticipate.”可知，研究人员是通过对比40名青少年和40名成人的检查结果而展开研究的，故A项正确。【点睛
】科普类说明文的主旨大意题难度较大，这类文章的特点是一般在开头就会介绍研究结果。然后再详细介绍研究过程，因此抓住表示研究结果的句子是理解文章主题的关键，如本篇第1题，文章第一段中的“teenagersarefarmo
resensitivethanadultstotheimmediateeffectorrewardoftheirbehaviors.Thefindingsmayhelpexplainwhytheinitialru
shoftextingmaybemoreattractiveforadolescentsthanthelong-termpayoffofstudying.”就介绍了研究结果——研究发现青少年对即时效应和奖励比成
人更敏感，所以奖励对青少年总是很有吸引力，所以文章介绍的是奖励对青少年总是很有吸引力。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项
。Birthorderplaysavitalroleindecidingthecharacteristicsofachild.Andwhenitcomestothemiddlechild,itcertainlyplaysahugerole.Themiddlech
ildrengothroughsomethingsonlytheycanunderstand.___16___Mostly,middlechildrenhavetosharearoom.___17___Theyneedtosharearoomwithan
elderonebecausethey'retooyoungtosleepalone.Andjustwhentheythinkthey'llfinallyhavearoomoftheirown,avoiceisheardsaying,
“Dear,pleasesharetheroomwithyouryoungerone,ashe'stoosmalltosleepalone.”Middlechildrentendtoshareclotheswiththeirsiblings(兄弟姐妹).Theircupboardisfullo
fhandmedownsfromtheiroldersibling,andtheyneedtowearhisclothes.___18___Theycanalwaysshowofftheireldersibling'scloth
esandthingsatschool.Also,theygettopasstheirownclothestotheiryoungersibling.___19___They'relikedbyboth,becausetheycanrelatewelltobothgenerations.On
onehandtheycanrecallhowmuchfunitwaswatchingGarfieldandFriends,andontheotherhandtheycantalkaboutthelatestvideogamereleasedinthemarket.Siblings'tal
kingisoneinterestingthingaboutamiddlechild.Theyarenotasboringastheyappear.___20___Also,thankstothedividedattentionath
ome,middlechildrenareindependentandneednotrelyonanyone.A.Instead,theyareveryartisticandcreative.B.Butthiscomeswith
itsownadvantagetoo.C.Herearesomethingsamiddlechildcanrelateto.D.Theyrarelyenjoytheexperienceofhavingtheirownroom.E.A
ndthedreamofhavingtheirownroomiscompletelydestroyed.F.They'retheproblemsolversbetweentheirolderandyoungersiblings.G.Asamiddlekid,th
eyarethebridgebetweentheiryoungerandoldersiblings.【答案】16.C17.D18.B19.G20.A【解析】试题分析：这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了出生在中间的孩子在生活中不同于其他孩子的一些特点。【16题详解】考查上下文理解和推理判断。由上
文“Themiddlechildrengothroughsomethingsonlytheycanunderstand.”（中间的孩子经历一些仅有他们可以理解的事情），结合空格下文讲述只有中间的孩子才能体会的事可推断，此处起
承上启下的作用，故选项C“以下是一些与中间的孩子相关的事情。”故选C。【17题详解】考查上下文理解和推理判断。上文“Mostly,middlechildrenhavetosharearoom.”提到了“room”下文“Theyneedtosharearoomwithanelde
ronebecausethey'retooyoungtosleepalone.”也提到了“room”，选项D中提到了“room”，结合语境“大部分中间的孩子必须共享房间”可推断，他们很少能享受拥有他们自
己的房间的乐趣。空格处对上一句解释说明。故选D。【18题详解】考查上下文理解和推理判断。由下文“Theycanalwaysshowofftheireldersibling'sclothesandthin
gsatschool.Also,theygettopasstheirownclothestotheiryoungersibling.”可知，他们总是可以在学校里炫耀他们哥哥姐姐的衣服，并且他们必须把他们自己的衣服传给他们的弟弟妹妹。因此推断此处讲述穿哥哥姐姐的衣服的优势，故B项“这
也是有优势的”，this指代上文的“Theircupboardisfullofhandmedownsfromtheiroldersibling,andtheyneedtowearhisclothes.”(他们的衣橱里满是哥哥姐姐的衣服，他们必
须穿他的衣服)。故选B。【19题详解】考查段落大意。由下文“They'relikedbyboth,becausetheycanrelatewelltobothgenerations.”可知，中间的孩子是兄弟姐妹之间的桥梁。故选G。【20题详解】考查上下文
理解和推理判断。A项的“artisticandcreative”与上文的“notasboringastheyappear”是呼应的，他们不想他们看起来那么无趣，他们是有艺术天赋的并有创意的。故选A。【点睛】七选五文章多是说明文，考查考生对
文章整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。解答这类试题时要注意运用一定的解题技巧：也就是利用上下文所重复的关键词，即词的复现原则进行判断，其中包括同义词、原词和反义词的复现，要注意空前空后的名词、代词和动词，寻找答案
时注意在选项中查找同义词、近义词、反义词或者表示同一类事物的词语等。例如小题2，上文“Mostly,middlechildrenhavetosharearoom.”提到了“room”下文“Theyneedtosharearoomwithanelderonebecausethey'retoo
youngtosleepalone.”也提到了“room”，选项D中提到了“room”，结合语境大部分中间的孩子必须共享房间可推断，他们很少能享受拥有他们自己的房间的乐趣。空格处对上一句的进一步说明。故选D。第二部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第
一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Bobbythemountainclimberwasfamousforhisattemptstoclimbth
ebigsnowymountain.Hehadtrieditatleastthirtytimes,buthadalwaysfailedhalfway.Forthesakeof____21____Bobbytotryaga
in,OldPeeper,thetownoptician,whoborewitnesstohis____22____,presentedhimwithapairof____23____sunglasses."Ifitstartscl
oudingoverorifyourfeetstarthurting,putontheseglasses.They'llhelpyou.”Bobbyacceptedthe____24____withoutgivingitmuchmind,butwhenhisfeetstarted____25__
__againherememberedhiswordsandputontheglasses.Then____26____cameasusualintheformofcloudcover,butseemingly
notsothickthistime.SoBobby____27____climbing,leavingthecloudsbehind,forgettinghis____28____,andfinallyarrivingatthesummit.Itwas_
____29_____worthit.Hisfeelingoftriumphwas____30____,almostasmagnificentasthatwonderful____31____.Resplendentinitssilence,themou
ntainbelowwassurroundedbyadenseseaofclouds.Bobbydidn'trememberthecloudsbeingas____32____asthat,sohelo
okedmorecloselyatthesunglasses,and____33____everything.Peeperhadcarvedalight____34____onthelenses(镜片),intheformof
thesnow-coveredsummit.Itwasmadeinsuchawaythatyoucouldonly____35____itifyoulookedupwards.Peeperhadund
erstoodthatwheneverBobbylostsightofhis____36____,hewouldsimilarlylosesightofhisdream,andhis____37____tocontinuewouldweaken.Bo
bbyrealisedthattheonlyobstacletoreachingthesummithadbeenhisown___38___.Whenhecouldnolongerseethetopofthe
mountain,theproblems____39____.HethankedPeeperforusingthatlittle____40____tohelphimseethathisaimswerenotimpossible,andthattheywerestill
there,wheretheyhadalwaysbeen.21.A.convincingB.encouragingC.educatingD.entertaining22.A.practiceB.disadvantageC.growthD.failure23.A.specialB.bea
utifulC.fancyD.expensive24.A.giftB.challengeC.awardD.request25.A.breakingB.damagingC.achingD.swelling26.A.dangerB.adventureC.pressure
D.misfortune27.A.quittedB.keptC.accomplishedD.abandoned28.A.problemB.painC.injuryD.anxiety29.A.normallyB.practicallyC.certainlyD.exactly30.A
.incomparableB.invisibleC.undesirableD.unmeasurable31.A.experienceB.attemptC.viewD.present32.A.whiteB.thinC.darkD.thick33.A.r
ecognizedB.graspedC.believedD.acknowledged34.A.imageB.spotC.photoD.message35.A.moveB.feelC.changeD.see36.A.objectiveB.powerC.successD.journey37.
A.preferenceB.willC.competenceD.concentration38.A.mistakeB.prejudiceC.ignoranceD.discouragement39.A.setoffB.cutinC.setinD.sho
wedoff40.A.technologyB.toolC.trickD.mark【答案】21.B22.D23.A24.A25.C26.D27.B28.B29.C30.A31.C32.D33.B34.A35.D36
.A37.B38.D39.C40.C【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Bobby作为一个登山者屡次失败，镇上的老眼镜商Peeper为了鼓励他又一次登山，送给他一副特殊的太阳镜，Bobby戴上它终于登上山
顶。在山顶上，Bobby发现了眼镜的奥秘之处，原来Peeper在太阳镜片上刻上了山顶的图像，以便于Bobby能时刻看到自己的目标，最终取得了成功。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了鼓励Bobby再尝试一次，镇上的老眼镜商Peeper……A.conv
incing说服，使相信；B.encouraging鼓励；C.educating教育；D.entertaining款待。从后文Peeper对Bobby的帮助中可以看到，是鼓励Bobby再一次尝试。故选B项。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：镇上的老眼镜商Pee
per见证了他的失败……A.practice实践，练习；B.disadvantage不足之处；C.growth成长；D.failure失败。根据第一段我们可知Bobby登山屡次失败，所以Peeper见证了他的失败
。故选D项。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：……赠送了他一副特殊的太阳镜。A.special特殊的；B.beautiful漂亮的；C.fancy精致的；D.expensive昂贵的。通过浏览后文我们可知：Peeper在太阳镜片上刻上了山顶的影像，是特
殊的太阳镜。故选A项。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Bobby没多想就收下了礼物……A.gift礼物；B.challenge挑战；C.award奖品；D.request要求，前面说Peeper送给Bobby一副太阳镜，所以应该是Bobby接受了这个礼物。故选A项。【25题
详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他的脚再一次开始疼时，他想到了Peeper的话，并戴上了那副眼镜。A.breaking打破，折断，弄坏；B.damaging损害，毁坏；C.aching疼痛；D.swelling肿胀。前文中Pee
per说道“Ifitstartscloudingoverorifyourfeetstarthurting,putontheseglasses.They'llhelpyou.（如果开始乌云密布或你的脚开始疼，带上这副
眼镜，它会帮助你）”。故选C项。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当厄运像往常一样以乌云密布的方式到来了……A.danger危险；B.adventure冒险；C.pressure压力；D.misfortune厄运，不幸的事。结合前文说
Bobby屡次登山失败，此处应该填“厄运，不幸的事”。故选D项。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当厄运像往常一样以乌云密布的方式到来了，但不像平时那么浓厚，所以Bobby继续登山，把乌云置于身后……A.quitted放弃；B.kept继续，持续；C.accomplished完成；D.ab
andoned放弃，故选B项。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：以Bobby继续登山，把乌云置于身后，忘掉了他的疼痛，并最终到达了山顶。A.problem问题；B.pain痛苦C.injury伤D.anxiety焦虑。因为前文说过他的脚又开始疼时他想到了Peeper的话。故选B项。【29
题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：这当然是值得的。A.normally通常地，一般地；B.practically实际上，几乎；C.certainly无疑当然；D.exactly精确地，确切地。因为Bobby终于登上了山顶，无疑是很
值得的。故选C项。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他的成功感是无法比拟的，几乎和山顶绝妙的风景一样壮观。A.incomparable无可比拟的，无与伦比的；B.invisible看不见的；C.unde
sirable不受欢迎的；D.unmeasurable无法计量的。与山顶的风景相媲美，足见Bobby此刻的高兴之情是不可比的。故选A项。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的成功感是无法比拟的，几乎和山顶绝妙的风景
一样壮观。A.experience经验，经历；B.attempt尝试；C.view风景；D.present礼物，现在。因为Bobby登上了山顶，以及后文中出现的“themountainbelowwassurroundedbyadenseseaofclouds.（脚下的山浓密的云海
包围）”所以此处应该似乎美妙的风景。故选C项。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在Bobby的记忆中，云没有这么浓厚，所以……A.white白色的；B.thin薄的，稀少的；C.dark黑暗的，乌黑的；D.
thick浓密的，厚的。因为他登山时戴的太阳镜上被刻上了山顶的图像，所以并不像真实中的那么浓，因此引入下文Bobby发现太阳镜的奥秘。故选D项。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Bobby在仔细看过太阳镜后，了解了一
切。A.recognized承认；B.grasped了解，抓住；C.believed相信；D.acknowledged承认，鸣谢。故选B项。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Peeper在镜片上刻了一个浅色图像，以白雪覆盖的山顶的形式。A.image
影像，肖像，图像；B.spot地点；C.photo照片，相片；D.message信息;消息。根据下一句话中的“……intheformofthesnow-coveredsummit.（……以白雪覆盖的山顶的形式出现）”所以应是一个画面，又因为是刻在眼镜上的，C选项不符。故选A
项。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这样一来当你向上看的时候你就只能看到镜片里山顶的图像。A.move移动；B.feel感觉；C.change改变；D.see看到。故选D项。【36题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Peeper已经了解到了，当Bobby失去
他的目标时，他差不多就失去了他的梦想。A.objective目标，任务；B.power力量；C.success成功；D.journey旅行，历程。结合前文可知Peeper送给Bobby太阳镜的目的就是希望他能时刻看
到自己的目标。故选A选。【37题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当Bobby失去他的目标时，他差不多就失去了他的梦想，他继续下去的意志力就会减弱。A.preference偏爱；B.will意志力；C.competence能力；D.concent
ration集中，专心。在爬山过程中，如果是失去梦想，意志力就会减弱。故选B项。【38题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Bobby意识到过去他爬到山顶唯一的障碍就是他自己的沮丧。A.mistake错误；B.prejudice偏见；C.ignorance忽视；D.discouragem
ent沮丧。结合上文，Bobby在看不到目标是，就失去了梦想，从而降低了意志力，故沮丧是他唯一的障碍。故选D项。【39题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：当他看不到山顶时，问题就来了。A.setoff出发;（使）开始；B.cutin插嘴;C.setin开始;到来;D.showedof
f炫耀，卖弄。根据前文，当Bobby看不到目标时，就会导致一系列问题的到来。故选C项。【40题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他感谢Peeper用这个小把戏来帮助他认识到他的目标不是不可能的A.technology科技，技术；B
.tool工具；C.trick戏法，诀窍；D.mark记号。通读全文，我们可以知道Peeper为了使Bobby登山时不失去信心，在送给他的太阳镜上刻上山顶的图像，可知这是Peeper的一个小把戏。故选C项。第Ⅱ卷第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分
15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。InlateApril2014,a___41___(violence)stormsweptthroughthesouthernUnitedStates,destroyingmorethan$1billioninpro
pertyandkilling35people.Butagroupofmigratory(迁徙的)birdsineasternTennesseesensedtheoncomingmessandleftlongbeforethefirstcl
oudsarrived.Ayear___42___(early),theteamhadtaggedgolden-wingedwarblers(莺)withlegtrackers___43___(study)theirannualmigrationst
oSouthAmerica.Twodaysbeforethestorms___44___(strike)，fivegolden-wingedwarblersslippedaway,travelingnearly700kilometerssouthtotheFloridacoas
t.It'sthefirsttimethatthebirdswhichnormallymigratewiththeseasons___45___(observe)toslipawaywhenabigstormhits.Theresearcherssuspectth
is___46___(behave)occursonlywhenthethreatofinjuryoutweighstheenergycostsofalongtrip.Butnobodyknows___47___thebirdsguessed
thestorm'sseverityandleftsosoon.Puzzledbyit,thescientistsinitiallyreasonedthatdelicatechangesinweath
er—atmosphericpressure,temperature,windspeed,cloudcover,orrainfallsignaled___48___upcomingdisaster.Yetwhentheycheckedweatherrecords,noneofthese
factorswavedsignificantly___49___thestorm.Instead,theteamassumesthatthe___50___(approach)stormscreatedadisorderofinfrasounds—low-frequencysoundwav
esthatbirdscanhear,buthumanscan't.【答案】41.violent42.earlier43.tostudy44.struck45.havebeenobserved46.behavior47.ho
w48.the49.before50.approaching【解析】本文是说明文。2014年4月下旬在一场暴风雨席卷美国南部的时候，科学家之前在腿上戴了跟踪器的5只金翅鹰飞走了。科学家们对鸟儿是如何猜到暴风雨的严重程度这一问题感
到疑惑不解。他们认为是即将来临的风暴产生的一种紊乱的低频声波，鸟儿可以听到，而人类却不能。【41题详解】考查形容词。句意：2014年4月下旬，一场猛烈的暴风雨席卷了美国南部。修饰名词storm，应该用形容词；violence是名
词,形容词为violent。故填violent。【42题详解】考查形容词比较等级。句意：一年前，研究小组给金翅莺戴上了腿部追踪器。根据句意，此处是指“与现在相比更早的时间”，因此用形容词比较级；early的比较级为earlier。
故填earlier。【43题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：一年前，研究小组给金翅莺戴上了腿部追踪器，以研究他们每年向南美的迁徙情况。分析句子结构，此处用不定式作目的状语，意思为“为了…”。故填tostudy。【44题详解】考查时态。句意：风暴袭击前两天，五只金翅莺溜走了。分析句子结构，所
填词是谓语动词；全文叙述的是过去的事情，用一般过去时；strike是不规则变化动词，过去式为struck。故填struck。【45题详解】考查时态和语态。句意：这是第一次观察到通常随季节迁徙的鸟类在大风暴来袭时会飞走。句型Itisth
efirsttimethat…“这是第一次….”，that后的从句用现在完成时；主语thebirds和observe之间是逻辑上的被动关系，因此用现在完成时的被动语态。故填havebeenobserved。【46题详解】考查名词。句
意：研究人员怀疑，这种行为只有在伤害的威胁大于长途旅行的能量消耗时才会发生。分析句子结构，所填词在句子中做主语，应该用名词；behave是动词，名词形式为behavior。故填behavior。【47题详解】考查从属连词。句意：但没人知道鸟儿是怎么猜到
风暴的严重程度，那么快就离开了。分析句子结构，空后是knows宾语从句，所填词是宾语从句的连接词；根据句意，应该为“鸟儿怎样猜测到暴风雨的严重程度”，因此用how引导宾语从句。故填how。【48题详解】考查冠词。句意：科学家们对此感到困惑，他们最初认为是天气的微妙变化——气压、温度
、风速、云量或降雨——预示着这场即将到来的灾难。此处用定冠词the表示特指，指上文提到的灾难。故填the。【49题详解】考查介词。句意：然而，当他们检查天气记录时，这些因素中没有一个在风暴之前发生了明显的波动。上文提到“upcomingd
isaster（即将到来的灾难）”，根据常理，应该是“在暴风雨前”没有迹象。故填before。【50题详解】考查形容词。句意：相反，该小组认为，即将来临的风暴产生一种不规则的次声低频声波，鸟类可以听到，但人类不能。修饰名词storms，前面应该是定语；approach是动词，用形容词
approaching做定语，意思为“即将来临的”。故填approaching。第三部分写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的
以下作文。文中共有10处错误，每句最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧）,并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1．每处错误及其
修改均仅限一词；2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Myseniorhighschoollifestartedwithmilitarytraining(军训).Itconsistedintwop
arts:thetheoryexamandthephysicaltraining,whichwaslastedabouttwoweeks.Thelatterwasmuchtoughthantheformer.Dressedingreenuniformsandexpos
ingtothesun,wehadtofollowthesoldierdailyroutineandgothroughhardtraining.Eachmorning,wehadtogetupandfoldquiltsrapid.Weshouldfinishourmealsinlimit
edtime,too.ThenIthinkitunbearable.Besides,nowlookingback,Ifinditnecessary.Itisthemilitarytrainingwhichteach
esmehowtobearhardshipandleadbetterlife.【答案】1.in→of2.去掉which后的was3.tough→tougher4.exposing→exposed5.soldi
er→soldiers’或soldier’s6.rapid→rapidly7.think→thought8.Besides→However9.which→that10.lead后加a【解析】【分析】本文是记叙文，讲述了作者在高中时期的第
一次军训的经历。【详解】1.考查固定短语。句意：它包括两个部分。短语consistof“由…组成”。故in改为of。2.考查语态。句意：它包括两个部分：理论考试和体能训练，持续了大约两周。which引导的定语从句先行词是it,指mil
itarytraining，和last之间逻辑上为主动关系，不用被动。故去掉which后的was。3.考查形容词比较等级。than常和比较级连用；“much+比较级”意思为“…得多”。故.tough改为tougher。4.考查非谓语动
词。句意：穿着绿色制服，暴露在阳光下，我们不得不遵循士兵的日常生活，经历艰苦的训练。短语beexposedto“暴露在…中”；expose和主句主语we之间的逻辑关系可理解为wewereexposedto…
，因此用过去分词作状语。故exposing改为exposed。5.考查名词所有格。句意：穿着绿色制服，暴露在阳光下，我们不得不遵循士兵的日常生活，经历艰苦的训练。根据句意，此处应该为“士兵的日常生活”，应该用名词的所有格形式，表示所属关系，意为“…的”；可以用soldier的单数，表
达为soldier’s；也可以用soldier的复数，表达为soldiers’。故soldier改为soldier’s或soldiers’。6.考查副词。修饰动词foldquilts，应用副词形式。故
rapid改为rapidly。7.考查时态。文章叙述的是过去的事情,用一般过去时；think是不规则变化动词，过去式为thought。故think改为thought。8.考查连词。前一句说“我觉得难以忍受”，后一句说“现在我觉得是有必
要的”，两个句子之间是转折的关系；besides意思为“而且”，表示递进关系；应用however表示转折关系，意思为“然而”。故Besides改为However。9.考查强调句型。句意：正是这次军训教会了我如何吃
苦，过上更好的生活。强调句型结构为“Itis+被强调部分+who/that…”；此句中强调主语themilitarytraining，指物，用that。故which改为that。10.考查固定短语。短语leada…
life“过着…的生活”，故lead后加a。【点睛】形容词化的过去分词做状语有些过去分词已经形容词化，这些过去分词既不表示被动也不表示完成，而是表示一种状态。这样的过去分词及过去分词短语常见的有：seated（坐），hidden（躲），bel
ostin(沉浸在…中)，beabsorbedin(专心于)，bebornin(出生于)，bedressedin(穿着),betiredof(感到厌倦)等。如：Lostinthemountainforaweek,wewerefinallysavedby
thelocalpolice.在大山里迷路了一个星期，我们终于被当地警察救了。Tiredofthespeech,heleftwithoutsayingaword.厌倦了这个演讲，他一句话没说就离开了。Absorbedinhisbook,hedidnotnoticemeentertheroom.
因为专心看书，他没注意到我进入房间。Thoughdisappointedattheresult，shestillaccepteditwithoutcomplaint.尽管对结果失望，但她仍是毫无怨言地接受了它。如本题第4处错误，短语beexposedto“暴露在…中”；expose和主
句主语we之间的逻辑关系为wewereexposedto…，此处用过去分词exposed作状语，表示状态。第二节书面表达（满分25分）52.假定你是高三学生李华，你的美国朋友David寒假去武汉探亲，但是因新冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19）疫情，目前暂时滞留武汉，无法返深。请你给此时处于焦
虑和郁闷中的他写一封英文慰问信，内容包括：1.对其表示关心和安慰。2.鼓励他积极应对现状。3.表达愿望和祝福。注意：1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。参考词汇:epidemicn.流行病______________
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_【答案】DearDavid,KnowingthatyouaredelayedinWuhanandfeelasenseofanxietyanddepression,I’mreallygettingupsetaboutitandwritingtocon
veymyconcerntoyou.Undoubtedly,thenovelvirushasagreatimpactonourstudyandlife.However,dearfriend,there'snosenseworryingaboutitt
oomuch.Facedwiththepresentsituation,youshouldrespondactivelytoit.Firstly,youaresupposedtostayoptimis
tic.It’sourattitudethatcounts.Believethatwewilldefinitelydefeattheepidemicinthenearfuture.Additionally,it’sessentialfo
ryoutotakeadvantageoftimetostudy.Sopreciousistimethatwecan'taffordtowasteit.Wecanhaveaccesstotheonlinecourses.Finally,youcandosom
ephysicalexerciseindoorstorelaxyourselfandkeepfit.I'mfirmlyconvincedthatwecangetthroughthehardtime.Let'sworkhandinhandtoovercomeanxietyanddosomebits
.Lookingforwardtoseeingyouassoonaspossible.Yoursfaithfully,LiHua【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文,要求写一封慰问信。【详解】第一步
：审题:慰问信人称：第义一，二，三人称时态：一般现在时结构：总分法，分三部分，第一部分对David的现状表示关心和安慰，第二部分鼓励他积极应对现状，提出自己的看法和建议，第三部分表达愿望和祝福。要点：1.对David的现状表示关心和安慰2．鼓励他积极应对现状，提出自己的看法和建议①没必要过于担
心②保持乐观的态度③利用时间学习和锻炼3．表达愿望和祝福：相信能度过艰难时期，共同努力克服焦虑，渴望尽快见面第二步：列提纲（重点词汇、短语）delay；asenseofanxietyanddepression；getupsetabout；conveymyconcern；haveagr
eatimpacton；worryabout；befacedwith；respondto；stayoptimistic；defeat；takeadvantageof；precious；haveaccessto；dosome
physicalexercise；relaxoneself；keepfit；getthroughthehardtime；overcomeanxiety.第三步：连词成句(1)Youaredelayed
inWuhanandfeelasenseofanxietyanddepression.(2)I’mreallygettingupsetaboutitandwritingtoconveymyconcerntoyou.(3)Thenovelvirushasagreatimpactonours
tudyandlife.(4)Youdon’thavetoworryaboutittoomuch.(5)Whenyouarefacedwiththepresentsituation,youshouldrespondactivelytoit.(6)Youaresuppos
edtostayoptimistic.(7)Ourattitudereallycounts.(8)Youhavetotakeadvantageoftimetostudy.(9)Timeissoprecio
usthatwecan'taffordtowasteit.(10)Youcandosomephysicalexerciseindoorstorelaxyourselfandkeepfit.(11)Wecangetthro
ughthehardtime.(12)Let'sworkhandinhandtoovercomeanxietyanddosomebits.根据提示和关键词进行遣词造句,适当地运用句型，注意时态和主谓一致问题。第四步：连句成篇亮点词汇、复杂句式
)用分词作状语表达下面的句子(5)Whenyouarefacedwiththepresentsituation,youshouldrespondactivelytoit.F→Facedwiththepresentsituation,youshouldrespondactivelytoit
.用强调句型表达下面的句子(7)Ourattitudereallycounts.→It’sourattitudethatreallycounts.用it作形式主语的句型表达下面的句子(8)Youhavetotakeadvantageoftimetostud
y.→Itisessentialforyoutotakeadvantageoftimetostudy.→Itisessentialthatyoushouldtakeadvantageoftimetostudy.用so…that…的倒装句式表达下面的句子（9）Timeissopreci
ousthatwecan'taffordtowasteit.→Sopreciousistimethatwecan'taffordtowasteit.适当地运用高级词汇、复杂句式提升文章的档次，增加文章的可读性。【点睛】范文要
点全面，结构清晰，层次分明，上下文连贯，在表达时用到了很多高级词汇，如delay耽误；asenseofanxietyanddepression焦虑感和郁闷感；getupsetabout对…感到难过；conveyone’sconcern表达某人的关心；haveagreati
mpacton对…有很大的影响；worryabout担心；befacedwith面对；respondto对…作出反应；stayoptimistic保持乐观；defeat打败；takeadvantageof利用
；precious宝贵的；haveaccessto有接近/利用…的机会；dosomephysicalexercise进行体育锻炼；relax放松；keepfit保持健康；getthroughthehardtime度过艰难时期；overcome克服等；复杂句式的运用
提升了文章层次，如therebe固定句型的运用there'snosenseworryingaboutittoomuch；过去分词作状语的运用Facedwiththepresentsituation…；强调句型It’sourattitudethatcounts；
it作形式主语句型的运用it’sessentialforyoutotakeadvantageoftimetostudy；倒装句的运用Sopreciousistimethatwecan'taffordtowasteit等。
