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2025届第五期英语周练一第一节（共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AParticipatinginartcompetitionsisessentialforstudentsto

gainformalrecognitionandimpresscollegeadmissionofficers.Today,wehavealistofartcompetitionsonregional,national,andinternatio

nalscales.EarthXEco-ArtCompetitionItinvitesyoungartistsaged5-22tocreate2-Dor3-Dartthatillustratesthetheme:Pr

otectorsforthePlanet.Thethemecanbeinterpretedinvariousways,includingindividualstakingactiontowardsamoresustainableplanet,orhighlightingtheeffortso

fenvironmentalleadersworkingtosustainecosystems.Deadline:March8,2024TheChildren’sDrawingContestSponsoredbyInternation

alCertificationOrganizationNetwork,thecontest,whosethemethisyearis“PassingonOurPreciousEarthtoTheFuture”,inviteschildrenage

d7-15worldwidetodrawthekindofnaturalenvironmenttheywouldliketolivein.48winnerswillreceivespecialmemorabilia.Allentrant

swillreceiveaparticipationprize.Medium:Drawingswithanytypeofpaint,pastel,etc.Deadline:May31,2024SciencewithoutBordersChallenge

Thecompetitionisopentochildrenandyoungpeopleundertheageof16.Wewelcomeentriesfrombothgroupsandindividualstocreatearttopromotepublicawarenessofthene

edtopreserve,protect,andrestorenature.Thethemeis“TheSixthExtinction”andyoucanfocusontheprotectionofendangeredspecies.Acceptablemediaincludepaint,

pencil,marker,crayon,ink,felt,andoilpastel.Deadline:March4,2024TheScholasticArtandWritingAwardsTheScholasticArtandWrit

ingAwards,thelongest-runningliteraryandartcompetitionintheUS,providesopportunitiesandacademicawardsforcreativeyoungpeopletoexpresstheirtalen

t.Thethemethisyearis“TellYourClimateStory”.Studentsinthe9thto12thgradescansubmitpoetry,fictionandnonfictiontoshowtheirunderstandingo

fenvironmentalissues.Deadline:June10,20241.OnwhichdatecanparticipantssendtheirentriestoEarthXEco-ArtC

ompetition?A.May6,2024.B.March15,2024.C.April28,2024.D.February9,2024.2.Whichcompetitionbestsuitsteenagersgoodatwritingpoems?A.EarthXEco-ArtCom

petition.B.TheChildren’sDrawingContest.C.SciencewithoutBordersChallenge.D.TheScholasticArtandWritingAwards.3.Whatdot

hefourcompetitionshaveincommon?A.Theytargetstudentsundertheageof20.B.Theyareaboutenvironmentalprotection.C.Theyrequireparticipantstowriteastory.

D.Theyonlyacceptentriesfromindividuals.BMs.McIntyre,38,workedasapublisher.Shesufferedbraincancerandherhealthgotworsedespitesomemedicaltreatment

.Butsherealizedthatinaway,shewasluckierthansomeotherpeople.Shehadinsurancetohelppayforhermedicalcare.ButMs.McIntyreandherhusband,Mr.Gregory,

knewthatmanypeoplewithcancerfacetoughdecisionsbecauseofthecostsofmedicalcareandwindupowingfarmorethantheycanpay.Thoughherhealt

hwasfailing,Ms.McIntyredecidedtohelppayoffthemedicaldebtsofasmanypeopleasshepossiblycould.Thecouplebegandonatingmoneytoag

roupcalledRIPMedicalDebt,whichiscommittedtoworkingtopayofftheunpaidmedicaldebtsofothers.Thegroupcanpayoffme

dicalbillsforabout100timeslessmoneythantheycost.Inotherwords,forevery100donated,thegroupcanpayoff10,000inunpaidmedicalbills.Unfortunately,Ms.Mc

Intyrepassedawaybeforelong.Mr.GregorypostedamessageforMs.McIntyreonhersocialmediaaccounts.“Ifyou’rereadingthis,Ihavepassedaway,”thepostbegan.T

henthepostexplained,“Tocelebratemylife,I’vearrangedtobuyupothers’medicaldebtsandthendestroythedebts.”Thec

ouplehadsetupapageonawebsitetoraisemoneyforthispurpose.Theyhadhopedtoraiseabout$20,000.Nevertheless,Ms.McIntyre’slastpostat

tractedalotofattention.Thedonationsonherwebpagequicklypassedthetotalgoal.Inlessthanaweek,thesitehadraised10timesmorethanexpecteda

ndthedonationsarestillcomingin.ByNovember22,2023,Ms.McIntyre’swebpagehadraisedover$627,000,orenoughmoneytopayoffabout$60million

inmedicaldebts.Mr.GregoryplannedaspecialeventinDecembertocelebrateMs.McIntyre’slifeandtoannouncehowmanymillionsofdollars

ofmedicaldebtshereffortshadpaidfor.4.WhydidMs.McIntyrefeelluckierthansomeotherpeople?A.Thedoctorseventuallycuredher.B.Herdiseasedidn’tbecomeworse

.C.Shehadadecentjobbeforebeingill.D.Shehadsecurityaboutmedicalcare.5.HowdidMs.McIntyreandherhusbandhelpothers?A.Bypayingfortheirda

ilydebts.B.Bygivingawaymoneytothem.C.Byriddingthemofdebtsfromtreatments.D.Bypurchasingmedicalinsuranc

eforthem.6.Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?A.Thepublicinvolvement.B.Thecouple’scommitment.C.Theoperationofawebsite.D.Theincreaseofmedicaldebts.7.Whicho

fthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeMs.McIntyre?A.Humorousandelegant.B.Influentialandunderstanding.C.Cautiousandpromising.D.Enthusiastica

ndadaptable.COnebyone,prejudicesaredisappearingintheWest.Peoplemayholdprivatesuspicionsthatotherpeople’sraceorsexmakesthemin

ferior—buttosaysoopenlyistotallytaboo(禁忌).Oneoldprejudiceremainsundisturbed,though.Justaskachildlessperson.Theyarenotchargedtospecialta

xes,astheywereinSovietRussia;noraretheydrivenfromtheirhomes,astheystillareinsomepoorcountries.Thechildlessnonethelesscomeinforalotofc

riticism.Somepointoutthatnon-parentsarefailingtoproducethefutureworkerswhowillpayfortheirpensions.Childlesspoliticiansa

rechargedwithnothavingaproperstakeinsociety.“Hetalkstousaboutthefuture,buthedoesn’thavechildren!”complaine

dJean-MarieLePen,co-founderoftheNationalFrontparty,ofEmmanuelMacron,whowentontowintheFrenchpresidency.SimilarattacksonTher

esaMayandAngelaMerkelalsofailedbutresearchersfindthatmanyvotersquietlyagree.Ifnon-breedersareselfish,theyhaveastrangewayofshowingit.Theyaremorelike

lytosetupcharitablefoundationsthanpeoplewithchildren,andmuchmorelikelytodonatemoneytogoodcauses.AccordingtooneAmericanes

timate,themerefactofnothavingchildrenraisestheamountapersonleavestocharitybyalittleover$10,000.Thechildless

arethusasmallbutusefulcounterweighttotheworld’sparents,whostopsocialstabilitybypassingontheirsocialand

economicadvantagestotheirchildren.Thechargethatchildlesspeoplefailtopulltheirweightinpopulationiscorrect,butisles

sseriousthanitappears.Thosewhodonothavechildrendoputpressureonpublicpensionsystems.Governmentshavetodounpopularthingslikemakingpensio

nslessgenerous,asJapanhasdone,oracceptingmoreimmigrants,assomeWesterncountrieshavedone.Buttosustainpublicpensions

inthelongterm,countriesdonotactuallyneedmoreparents.Whattheyneedinsteadismorebabies.Itispossibletocombineahighrateofchildlessnesswitha

highbirthrate,providedpeoplewhobecomeparentshavemorethanoneortwochildren.ThatwasthepatterninmanyWesterncountriesacenturyago.I

reland,yetanothercountrywithachildlessleader,stillmanagesittoday.Thechildlessalsodoeveryoneelseafavorbycreatingwonderfulworksofart.B

ritishnovelistshavebeenespeciallylikelytohavenooffspring:thinkofHilaryMantel,P.GWodehouseandtheBrontesisters.InSeptemberlas

tyearBritainputJaneAustenonitsten-poundnote.Thatdecisionwascontroversial,thoughitwashardtoseewhy.Fewpeo

plehavewrittenasshrewdlyaboutmoneyoraboutfamilieseventhoughAustendidnotmarry,andhadnochildren.8.WhatisthemainideaofParagraph2?A.Thechildlessoft

encomeundersharpcriticism.B.Childlessnessistofutureworkers’disadvantage.C.ManyhighlysuccessfulpeoplehavenochildrenD.Thechildless

politiciansgetattackedinsociety.9.Thechildlessareprejudicedbecausepeoplethinkthechildless______.A.haveastrangewaytoshowselfishnessB.setaba

dexampleforyoungpeopleC.arenotasgenerousasthosewithchildrenD.arethegovernment’sfinancialburden10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it

”inParagraph4referto?A.Acceptingmoreimmigrants.B.Reducingthepensionsfortheaged.C.Encouragingparentstohav

emorechildren.D.Supportingthepoliticalleaderswithnochildren.11.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.Indefenseofthechildless.B

.Prejudiceagainstnon-breeders.C.Whydon’ttheyhavechildren?D.Measurestoaddresschildlessness.DMinimizingtheenvironmentaldamagethatnewroadscauseisgen

erallyregardedasagoodthing.Buttodothat,ithelpstounderstandjusthownewroadscausethedamageofwhichtheyareaccused.Recently,agroupofresearchersledb

yDr.Gonzalezconductedanexperimentandprovedthatimmigrationisgoodforthehealthofanimalpopulations.Aroaddestroysonlyasmallpartofthehabitat,thusdestroying

justafewlocalpopulationsofcreatures.Sotheargumentthatroad-buildingitselfisbadforbiodiversityisnotself-evidentlycorrect.Tho

sewhoneverthelessholdthisviewsaythatapparentlyseparatelocalpopulationsofanimalsare,infact,partsofmuchlargerpopulationsconn

ectedviamigration.Accordingtothistheory,whenalocalpopulationstrugglestomoveabout—becauseofanepidemic,forexample—indi

vidualsfromneighboringcommunitiescanfillthegaps.Theimplicationsofthetheoryarestraightforward.Cutlocalpopulation

sofffromeachotherandeachismorelikelytodisappear.Androadsaregoodatdoingjustthat.Testingthetheorywithexperimentalroad

s,however,wouldbeexpensive.Dr.Gonzalez’sbrainwavewastodothewholethingonamuchsmallerscale.Theteamstudiedmoss-coveredrocks.Onsomerocksth

eresearchersleftthemossuntouched;onotherstheymade“roadways”acrosstoleavethemossisolated.Afterwaitingsixmonths,theyfoundthatinthedisturbedhabitats

nearlyallthebugpopulationhaddeclinedcomparedwithundisturbedmoss,and40%ofthespecieshadbecomeextinct.Therealtestcameinthesecondpartoftheexpe

riment.Inthis,theresearchersremovedmossmuchasbefore,buttheyleftnarrowmosspathstobridgetheno-bug’s-landbetweenislands.Theislandswithbridgesdidfa

rbetterthanisolatedislands—aresultthatsupportsthenotionthatpopulationexchangeisnecessarytokeepanecosystemhealth

y.Whethertheseresultscanbetranslatedtolarge-scaleecosystemsremainsuncertain.Butiftheycan,theywouldcausemore,notless,concer

nabouttheecologicaleffectsofroad-building.Ontheotherhand,theyalsosuggestawayout.InBritain,tunnelsareoftenbuiltunderroadsforanimalsofregu

larhabits,suchasbadgers(獾),tobeabletotraveltheirtraditionalrouteswithouthavingtofightwithtraffic.Extendingthatprinc

iple,perhapsspecialbridgesmightbeacheapwayoflettingmanandnaturerubalongabitbetter.12What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A.Callingonustostopbuildingr

oadsforahealthyecosystem.B.Warningusofpotentialdangersofanimalimmigration.C.Informingusoftheenvironmentaldamagecausedbynewroads.D

.Suggestinganewwaytoavoidthedamagecausedbynewroads.13.Dr.Gonzalez’sexperimentfoundthat__________.A.buildingroadsis

expensiveB.immigrationisgoodforanimalsC.roadscutoffanimalimmigrationD.tunnelsshouldbebuiltunderroads14.Howdoestheauthorpresenthispoint?A.

Byanalyzingfacts.B.Bygivingexamples.C.Byprovidingscientificfindings.D.Bycomparingpossibleeffects.15.Ac

cordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementswillthewriteragreewith?ATheimpactofroad-buildingisnotasseriousaswethought.B.Road-buildingisb

eneficialtoanimalimmigration.C.Environmentaldamagecausedbyroad-buildingisstilluncertain.D.Environmentaldamagecausedbyroad-buildingm

ightbelessened.第二节语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。ChineseFoodCultureChinahasafoodculturethathasbeenevolvingfor

thousandsofyears,____36____eachdishcarryingitsownuniquestory.Chinesegastronomy(烹饪学)isanartformthatgoesbeyondjust____37____(satisfy)your

tastebuds(味蕾).It’saboutindulgingallyoursenses,a____38____(harmonious)ofcolor,aromas,tastes,andshapesineverydish.____39____(historical),C

hineseculturesintertwinedagriculturalpreferenceswithpatternsinthestars,guidingfoodconsumption____40____(base)onthe24SolarTerms.Do

youpreferthesubtlesavoryeleganceofBeijinghotpot____41____thefieryintensityofSichuan’sversion?Withitsvastterr

itory,eachareain____42____totalofthirty-fourChineseprovincesanddistrictshasitsownculinaryhistory,cust

omsanddishes.FromthefieryflavorsofSichuantothedelicatedimsumofGuangdong,eachregionhassomethingunique____43____(offer).Butit’snot

justabouttheflavors.It’salsoaboutthefavors.Forexample,regionalbreakfasts____44____(shape)bygeography,climateandculturalpractices,_____45_____other

disheshavebecomebelovedstaples(主食)acrossthecountry,blurringregionallinesfromnorthtosouth,easttowest.【答案】1.D2.D3.B【解析】..【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个艺术比赛的情况

。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据EarthXEco-ArtCompetition部分中“Deadline:March8,2024(截止日期：2024年3月8日)”并结合选项可知，参赛者可于2024年2月9日递交参赛作品予EarthX生态艺术比赛。故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据TheSch

olasticArtandWritingAwards部分中“Studentsinthe9thto12thgradescansubmitpoetry,fictionandnonfictiontoshowtheiru

nderstandingofenvironmentalissues.(9至12年级的学生可以提交诗歌、小说和非小说类作品，以展示他们对环境问题的理解)”可知，TheScholasticArtandWritingAwards最适合擅长写诗的青少年。故选D。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段部分“

Thethemecanbeinterpretedinvariousways,includingindividualstakingactiontowardsamoresustainableplanet,orhighlightingtheeffortsofenvironmentallea

dersworkingtosustainecosystems.(这一主题可以有多种解释，包括个人为实现更可持续的地球而采取的行动，或强调致力于维持生态系统的环境领导者的努力)”；第二部分“SponsoredbyInternationalCertificationOrganizationNet

work,thecontest,whosethemethisyearis“PassingonOurPreciousEarthtoTheFuture”,inviteschildrenaged7-15worldwidetodrawth

ekindofnaturalenvironmenttheywouldliketolivein.(该比赛由国际认证组织网络主办，今年的主题是“把我们珍贵的地球留给未来”，邀请世界各地7-15岁的儿童画出他们想要生活的自然环境)”；第三部分“Wewelcomeentriesfro

mbothgroupsandindividualstocreatearttopromotepublicawarenessoftheneedtopreserve,protect,andrestorenature.(我们欢迎团体或个人参赛，创作艺术作品，

以提高公众对保存、保护和恢复自然的意识)”以及第四部分“Studentsinthe9thto12thgradescansubmitpoetry,fictionandnonfictiontoshowtheirunderst

andingofenvironmentalissues.(9至12年级的学生可以提交诗歌、小说和非小说类作品，以展示他们对环境问题的理解)”可知，这四项比赛的共同之处在于都是关于环境保护的。故选B。【答案】4.D5.

C6.A7.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了38岁的麦金太尔和丈夫建立了名为RIP医疗债务的组织，来帮助那些无力支付医疗债务的人。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Butsherealizedthatinaway,shewasluckierthansomeotherpeo

ple.Shehadinsurancetohelppayforhermedicalcare.(但她意识到，在某种程度上，她比其他一些人幸运。她有保险来支付医疗费用)”可知，麦金太尔觉得自己比其他人幸运因为她有医疗保障。故选D。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“

Thoughherhealthwasfailing,Ms.McIntyredecidedtohelppayoffthemedicaldebtsofasmanypeopleasshepossiblycould.Thecouplebegandonating

moneytoagroupcalledRIPMedicalDebt,whichiscommittedtoworkingtopayofftheunpaidmedicaldebtsofothers.(尽管她的健康状况每况愈下，麦金太尔还是决定帮助尽可能多的人还清医疗债务。这对夫妇

开始向一个名为RIP医疗债务的组织捐款，该组织致力于为他人偿还未付的医疗债务)”可知，麦金太尔女士和她的丈夫通过偿还他人的治疗债务帮助别人。故选C。【6题详解】主旨大意题。根据第四段“Thecouplehadsetupapageonawebsitetora

isemoneyforthispurpose.Theyhadhopedtoraiseabout$20,000.Nevertheless,Ms.McIntyre’slastpostattractedalotofattention.Thedo

nationsonherwebpagequicklypassedthetotalgoal.Inlessthanaweek,thesitehadraised10timesmorethanexpectedandthedonationsarestillcomingin.ByNovem

ber22,2023,Ms.McIntyre’swebpagehadraisedover$627,000,orenoughmoneytopayoffabout$60millioninmedicalde

bts.(这对夫妇在一个网站上建立了一个页面，为这个目的筹集资金。他们原本希望筹集到大约2万美元。尽管如此，麦金太尔的最后一条帖子还是引起了很多关注。她的网页上的捐款很快就超过了总目标。在不到一周的时间里，该网站筹集的资金是预期的1

0倍，捐款仍在不断增加。到2023年11月22日，麦金太尔的网页已经筹集了超过62.7万美元，足以偿还约6000万美元的医疗债务)”可知，第四段的主要内容是公众参与。故选A。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“ButMs.McIntyreandherhusband,Mr.Gregory

,knewthatmanypeoplewithcancerfacetoughdecisionsbecauseofthecostsofmedicalcareandwindupowingfarmorethantheycanpay.(但麦金太尔和她的丈夫格雷戈里知道，许多癌症

患者因为医疗费用而面临艰难的决定，最终欠下的钱远远超过了他们的支付能力)”可知，麦金太尔女士能够理解他人的处境，结合第四段“Nevertheless,Ms.McIntyre’slastpostattractedalotofattention.Thedonationsonherwebpagequi

cklypassedthetotalgoal.Inlessthanaweek,thesitehadraised10timesmorethanexpectedandthedonationsarestillcomingin.By

November22,2023,Ms.McIntyre’swebpagehadraisedover$627,000,orenoughmoneytopayoffabout$60millioninmedicaldebts.(尽

管如此，麦金太尔的最后一条帖子还是引起了很多关注。她的网页上的捐款很快就超过了总目标。在不到一周的时间里，该网站筹集的资金是预期的10倍，捐款仍在不断增加。到2023年11月22日，麦金太尔的网页已经筹集了超过62.7万美元，足以偿还约6000

万美元的医疗债务)”可知，麦金太尔女士很有影响力。故可推知，麦金太尔女士有影响力和理解他人。故选B。【答案】8.A9.D10.C11.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要讲述了当今社会对不生孩子的偏见，并认为对无子女者的指控应当驳回，他们的存在为社会产生很多好处。【8题详解】主

旨大意题。根据第二段第二句“Thechildlessnonethelesscomeinforalotofcriticism.(尽管如此，没有孩子的人还是受到了很多批评。)”并结合下文可知，本段主要讲述了无子女者常常

遭受尖锐批判。故选A。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Somepointoutthatnon-parentsarefailingtoproducethefutureworkerswhowillpayforthei

rpensions.(一些人指出，非父母者无法培养出未来的工人来支付养老金。)”和倒数第二段中的“Thosewhodonothavechildrendoputpressureonpublicpensionsystems.Governmentshavetodounpopularthing

slikemakingpensionslessgenerous,asJapanhasdone,oracceptingmoreimmigrants,assomeWesterncountrieshavedone.(那些没有孩子的人确实给公共养老金系统带来了压力。

政府不得不做一些不受欢迎的事情，比如像日本那样降低养老金的慷慨程度，或者像一些西方国家那样接受更多的移民。)”可知，由于无子女者没有生孩子来为养老金系统作贡献，这会给公共养老金系统带来压力，政府不得不做一些不受欢迎的事情。由此

可推测出，无子女者遭受人们的偏见是因为人们认为他们成为政府的经济负担。故选D。【10题详解】词句猜测题。根据画线词it所在句的前文“Itispossibletocombineahighrateofchildlessnesswithahighbirthrate,providedpeo

plewhobecomeparentshavemorethanoneortwochildren.ThatwasthepatterninmanyWesterncountriesacenturyago.(如果成为父母的人有一个或两个以上的孩子，就有可能把高无子女率和高出生率结合起来。这是一个世纪前许

多西方国家的模式。)”可知，画线词it指代前文的内容，即一个世纪前许多国家采取的模式是鼓励成为父母的人生孩子，从而兼顾高无子女率与高出生率。故选C。【11题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，第一段最后一句“Oneoldprejudiceremains

undisturbed,though.Justaskachildlessperson.(然而，一种古老偏见仍然受人尊敬。问问一个没有孩子的人就知道了。)”引出话题：无子女者遭受偏见；第二段具体讲述了无子女者面对的批判；接下来几段作者分别从慈善、政治能力、人口增长、艺术文学贡

献等方面讲述无子女者的贡献。由此可推测出，本文主要指出人们对无子女者的偏见，并为无子女者辩护，由此可推测出，A项“为无子女者辩护”最适合作本文标题。故选A。【答案】12.C13.B14.C15.D【解析】【导语】这是一

篇说明文，主要讲述了新建道路对环境的破坏以及如何通过实验找到避免这种破坏的新方法。【12题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Minimizingtheenvironmentaldamagethatnewroadscauseisgenerallyrega

rdedasagoodthing.Buttodothat,ithelpstounderstandjusthownewroadscausethedamageofwhichtheyareaccused.”（把新

建道路对环境造成的破坏降到最低通常被认为是一件好事。但要做到这一点，它有助于理解新道路是如何造成被指责的破坏的。）可知，短文主要告诉我们新路对环境造成的破坏。故选C项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Recen

tly,agroupofresearchersledbyDr.Gonzalezconductedanexperimentandprovedthatimmigrationisgoodforthehealthofanimalpopulations.”（最近，冈萨雷斯

博士领导的一组研究人员进行了一项实验，证明了移民对动物种群的健康有益。）可知，移民对动物有益。故选B项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Recently,agroupofresearchersledb

yDr.Gonzalezconductedanexperimentandprovedthatimmigrationisgoodforthehealthofanimalpopulations.”（最近，冈萨雷斯博士领导的一组研究人员进行了一项实验，证明了移民对

动物种群的健康有益），第三段“Accordingtothistheory,whenalocalpopulationstrugglestomoveabout—becauseofanepidemic,forexample—individualsfromneigh

boringcommunitiescanfillthegaps.”（根据这一理论，当当地人口难以移动时，例如由于流行病，来自邻近社区的个人可以填补空白。）和第五段“Afterwaitingsixmonths,theyfoundthatinthedisturbedha

bitatsnearlyallthebugpopulationhaddeclinedcomparedwithundisturbedmoss,and40%ofthespecieshadbecomeextinct.”（等了六

个月后，他们发现，与未受干扰的苔藓相比，在受干扰的栖息地，几乎所有的虫子数量都减少了，40%的物种已经灭绝。）可知，短文是通过提供科学发现来呈现观点的。故选C。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“InBritain,tunnelsareoftenbuiltunderroadsf

oranimalsofregularhabits,suchasbadgers(獾),tobeabletotraveltheirtraditionalrouteswithouthavingtofightwithtra

ffic.Extendingthatprinciple,perhapsspecialbridgesmightbeacheapwayoflettingmanandnaturerubalongabitbetter.”（在英国，人们经常在道路下方建造隧道，让像獾这样的有规律习性的动物能够沿着它们的传统

路线行走，而不必与交通争抢。扩展这一的原则，也许特殊的桥梁可能是让人类和自然更好地相处的一种便宜的方式。）可推知，通过合理建设道路，作者认为道路造成的环境破坏可能会被减轻，故选D。【答案】36.with37.satisfying3

8.harmony39.Historically40.based41.or42.a43.tooffer44.areshaped&havebeenshaped45.while【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国的

饮食文化。【36题详解】考查介词。句意：中国的饮食文化已经发展了数千年，每一道菜都有自己独特的故事。根据空后的句子结构可知，此处为“with+名词+现在分词”，即with的复合结构。故填with。【37题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：中餐烹饪是

一门艺术，不仅仅是满足你的味蕾。介词beyond后面接动名词satisfying，作宾语。故填satisfying。【38题详解】考查名词。句意：而是让你的感官尽享愉悦，每一道菜都是颜色、气味、味道和形状的和谐统一。不定冠词

a修饰单数可数名词，空处需填名词harmony。故填harmony。【39题详解】考查副词。句意：历史上，中国文化将农业偏好与星象模式交织在一起，根据二十四节气指导食物消费。修饰后面整个句子，需用副词historically，作状语，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Historically。【40

题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意同上。空处需填非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰foodconsumption，base和foodconsumption为逻辑动宾关系，需用过去分词形式。故填based。【41题详解】考查连词。句意：你更喜欢北京火锅的微妙醇厚，还是四川火锅的麻辣刺激？空格前后是

两个完整的句子，结合句意“你喜欢北京火锅的微妙醇厚，还是四川火锅的麻辣刺激？”可知，此处表达的是选择关系，需用连词or连接。故填or。【42题详解】考查冠词。句意：中国地域辽阔，总共三十四个省市自治区，每个地方都有自己的烹

饪历史、习俗和菜肴。atotalof为固定搭配，意为“总共，总计”。故填a。43题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：从浓烈的四川风味到精致的广东点心，每个地区都有其独特之处。修饰不定代词something，需用动词不

定式tooffer，作后置定语。故填tooffer。【44题详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：例如，地区性早餐受地理、气候和文化习俗的影响，而其他的菜肴则成为全国人民喜爱的主食，模糊了从南到北、从东到西的地域界限。此处陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，主语regionalbreakfast

s和shape为被动关系，主语为复数名词，be动词用are，也可以表示过去发生的事情对现在产生影响，使用现在完成时的被动语态，助动词用have。故填areshaped/havebeenshaped。【45题详解】考查连词。句意同上。空格前后是两个完整的句子，结合句

意“而其他菜肴已成为全国喜爱的主食，模糊了从北到南、从东到西的地域界限”可知，此处表达的是对比关系，需用连词while连接。故填while。【