【文档说明】2021-2022学年牛津译林版八年级英语上册Unit 1 语法讲义(形容词的比较级和最高 +巩固练习）.doc，共(7)页，98.500 KB，由管理员店铺上传

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18AUnit1语法----形容词的比较等级一、形容词介绍：我们常常用形容词来说明人或事物的性质或特征。形容词最常见的用法是：①用来修饰名词，常放在名词前面。Shehasshorthair.Heisacleverboy.②放在系动词（含be动词）后,构成

系表结构。Herhairisshort.Hefeelshappy.二、在英语中，形容词和副词具有比较等级（包括：原级、比较级和最高级），我们这单元主要学习形容词的比较等级，副词的比较等级与形容词类似。三、形容词比较级和最高级的构成（见教材P11）Adject

ive（形容词）Comparative（比较级）Superlative（最高级）①大多数短形容词(少于或等于两个音节）+er+esttallsmall→taller→smaller→(the)tallest→(the)smallest②以E结尾的短形容词

+r+stnicefine→nicer→finer→(the)nicest→(the)finest③以辅音字母+y结尾的短形容词-y+ier-y+iestprettyeasy→prettier→easier→(the)prettiest→(the)easiest④以元音字母+辅

音字母结尾的短形容词doubletheconsonant+er（双写辅音字母再+er）doubletheconsonant+est（双写辅音字母再+est）slimbigfat→slimmer→bigger→fatter

→(the)slimmest→(the)biggest→(the)fattest⑤长形容词，一般超过2个音节+more/less+most/leastbeautifulinterestingimportant→more/le

ssbeautiful→more/lessinteresting→more/lessimportant→(the)most/leastbeautiful→(the)most/leastinteresting→(the)most/leastimportant⑥特殊的形容词替换这个词替换这

个词good/wellbad/ill/badlyoldfarmuch/manylittle→better→worse→older/elder→farther/further→more→less→(the)best→(the)worst→(the)oldest/eldes

t→(the)farthest/furthest→(the)most→(the)least四、形容词比较级和最高级的用法（见教材P11）1、我们用比较级来比较两个人或物，在比较级后面我们一般加上一个than.Sandy’shairislongerthanM

illie’shair.Mybookismoreinterestingthanhis.2、我们用最高级来比较三个或更多的人或物，在最高级前面通常加一个the(如有形容词性物主代词或名词所有格时不需要加the).Heisthetallestboyinmyclass.This

isthemostexpensiveprinterintheshop.五、形容词比较级与最高级的基本用法与特殊用法举例：①Hisbikeisnewerthanhers.(见到than必须用比较级)②Jimisthetallestinourclass.

(在班集等集体内用介词in来表示比较的范围)2③Jimisthetallestofall(thestudents).(见到ofall要用最高级)=Ofallthestudents,Jimisthetallest.④Jimisthetall

estofthethree.(见到ofthethree要用最高级)⑤Whichisbigger,atigeroramonkey?(两者比用比较级)⑥Whichisthebiggest,atiger,adogoramonkey?（三者或三者以上比用最高级）⑦This

rulerisshort,Pleasegivemealongerone.★⑧I’dlikethebigger(one)ofthetwocakes.（见到ofthetwo时比较级前加the,表示特指）★⑨Themorem

oneyyougiveme,thehappierIwillbe.=Ifyougivememoremoney,Iwillbehappier.Themore,thebetter.越多越好。（The+比较级…,the+比较级…）是一种倒装结构，意为：越。。。

，越。。。。★⑩TomistwoyearsolderthanI.汤姆比我大两岁。TomistwiceasoldasI.汤姆的年龄是我的两倍。★⑾Thenumberofthestudentsinourschoolisbigger/larger/smallerthanyours.

我们学校的学生数目比你们学校大/小。（两个数量/目只能比较大小，不能比较多少）(价格price只能比较高低，不能比较贵或便宜)★(12)Chinaisbecomingmoreandmorebeautiful.(比较级+and+比较级表示越来越

…)Chinaisbecomingstrongerandstronger.★(13)TheYellowRiverisoneofthelongestriversinChina.（oneof+the形容词最高级+名词复数）TheYellowRi

veristhesecondlongestriverinChina.（注意序数词的用法）六、比较级与最高级的互换1．Jimistallerthananyotherboyinourclass.(吉姆比我们班上任何一个别的男孩都高)=J

imistallerthantheotherboysinourclass.(在我们班上吉姆其它的男孩高)=Jimistallerthananyoftheotherboysinourclass.(吉姆比

我们班上男孩中的任何一个都高)=Jimisthetallestboyinourclass.（吉姆是我们班最高的）2.Jimistallerthananyotherboyinourclass.(吉姆比我们班上任何一个别的男孩都高)Jimi

stallerthananygirlinourclass.（吉姆比我们班的任何一个女孩都高）NanjingisbiggerthananyothercityinJiangsu.（南京比江苏的任何一个别的城市大）ShanghaiisbiggerthananycityinJiangsu.（上海比江苏

的任何一个城市大）3.Tomisn’tas/sotallasMike.=TomisshorterthanMike.=MikeistallerthanTom.=TomislesstallthanMike.4.Thisbookisn’tas

/sointerestingasthatbook.=Thisbookislessinterestingthanthatbook.=Thatbookismoreinterestingthanthisbook.七、比较级前常用的修饰语比较级前常用abit/alittle（一点），muc

h/alot（非常）,even/far(更加),some,any,still，等词语表示程度。例如：①SheisalittletallerthanI(me).②RoseismuchmorecarefulthanTom.八、使用形

容词和副词比较级和最高级应注意事项1.than必须放在形容词比较级的后面。2.形容词的最高级前必须有the,而副词的最高级前the可以省略。3.在进行比较时，必须是同类事物相比较。①Hisrulerislongerthan

I.(错)②Hisrulerislongerthanmine.(对)4.以–ful/-less/-ed/-ing/-ous/-tive等后缀结尾的形容词，由形容词加ly构成的副词，无论是长还是短，一律比较级加more,最高级加themo

st。如：famous—morefamous—themostfamousactive--moreactive–themostactiveuseful-–moreuseful--themostusefulbored—morebor

ed–themostbored3boring---moreboring---themostboringcareless--morecareless---themostcarelessexcited—moreexci

ted–themostexcitedslowly—moreslowly--(the)mostslowly48ＡUnit1形容词比较等级专项练习(一）一、用所给词的正确形式填空1.Johnis_________

__(tall)inhisgroup.2.Sandyisn’t________(young)thanherclassmates.Butshewas_________(smart)attoday’sshow.3.LiDeminglooks_________

(fat)thanbefore.4.Whichis___________(heavy),theboxorthebag?5.Whohas___________(many)friendsofyouthre

e?Jimdoes.Buthehas______(little)money.6.Hishomeworkis____________(bad)inhisclass.Hedoes___________(badly)ofall.7.Jackgotup___

___________(early)inhisfamily.8.Hermotheris_____________(slim)thanbefore.9.Ithinkit'stooexpensive.I'dlikea_____________

(cheap)one.10.Hermotherisgetting_____________(fat)and______________(fat).二、单选()1.ThoughJackisaboy,hewrites_______Ido.A.ascarefulasB.mo

recarefulthanC.ascarefullyasD.carefulerthan()2._______isthebiggest,thesun,theearthorthemoon?A.WhoB.WhatC.WhichD.Where()3.My_______siste

ristenyears_______thanI.A.older;olderB.elder;elderC.older;elderD.elder;older()4.Weshoulddo_______exerciseandw

atch_______TV.A.many;muchB.more,lessC.more;fewerD.fewest;least()5.Bobskates_______thanI,buthedoesn'tskate_______mybrother.A.

better;sowellasB.better;asgoodasC.muchwell;aswellasD.well;asgoodas()6.Thiscoatis_______all.A.morebeautifulinB.themorstbeautifu

lC.themorebeautifulofD.themostbeautifulof()7.Nothing_______is_______thanthisjoke.A.other;funnierB.other;morefunnyC.else,funnierD

.else,morefunny()8.TheChangjiangRiverisoneof_______intheworld.A.thelongriverB.thelongestriverC.thelongestriversD.

longestrivers()9.—IsEnglishmoredifficultthanMaths?—No,Englishisn’tas________asMaths.A.easyB.difficultC.easierD.moredifficult()10

._______childrenthereareinafamily,_________theirlifewillbe.A.Theless,thebetterB.Thefewer,thebetterC.Fewer,richerD.More,p

oorer()11.Thesunis_______thantheearth.A.bigB.verybigC.biggerD.thebiggest()12.‘MyHeartWillGoOn’wasoneof________songs

of1998.A.mostpopularB.morepopularC.popularD.themostpopular()13.Thisfilmis________interestingthanthatone.A.moreB.m

uchC.veryD.themost()14.Whichdoyoulike________,teaorcoffee?A.wellB.betterC.bestD.most()15.Davidistallerthan_______inhisclass.A.anyotherstudentB.thest

udentsC.anystudentsD.themoststudents()16.NowHelenis______thanbefore.A.morecarefullyB.morecarefulC.muchcarefulD.muchcare

fully()17.Ann’shouseistenmilesawayfromtheschoolandnobodyelseinherclasslives___.A.farB.fartherC.farthestD.thefurthest()18.－Whowould

youchoosetobeyourassistant,JackorDavid?—Davidwouldbe_______.A.goodB.betterC.thebetterD.thebest()19.Nowmobilephonesare

much__________thanbefore.A.cheaperB.cheapestC.cheapD.thecheaper()20.Ididn’tknowwhichT-shirtwas__________,soItookthemboth.5A.nicerB.w

ellC.bestD.good()21.Ididn’tknowwhichT-shirtwas__________,soItookthemall.A.nicerB.wellC.bestD.thebest()22.Ourclassroomis_

__________thantheirs.A.morebrighterB.morebrightC.muchbrighterD.themostbrightest()23.Itwas______easierthanwehadthought.A.moreB

.muchmoreC.muchD.moremuch()24.Theweakgirlsaidshefelteven________.A.badB.wellC.worseD.worst()25.—Doyouthinkthefish

tastes________?—Shecookedit________,Ithink.A.good,goodB.well,goodC.well,wellD.good,well三、用所给词的正确形式填空1.Ithinkit'stooexpens

ive.I'dlikea_______________(cheap)one.2.Whocamehere__________________(early),MaryorJane?3.Thisbookisnotas___________

____(interesting)asthatone.4.Practiseas____________(much)asyoucan..The___________(much),the____________(good).5.____________

_(ski)isoneof____________(exciting)outdoor____________(activity),Ithink.6.Thisis____________(light)andthinnestofallthee-boo

ksintheworld.7.Max’sdrawingisbetterthananybody___________(else)inhisclass.8.ThetunnelundertheChangjiangRivermakesitmuch____(easy)togettoPutouDistric

tthanbefore.9.Thescientistsaregettingreadyforthe___________(far)studyontheproject.10.Thisriveristhreetimes________________(wide

)thanthatone.11.Thisfilmisoneof_____________(exciting)filmsthisyear.12.Thejeansontheshelfareas__________________(exp

ensive)asthoseinthewindow.13.Ourcountryisbecoming___________and_____________(strong)14.Ofthetwostudents,Tomis_______________(careful).15.T

hesickboydoesn'tfeelany_____________(well).Hefeelseven____________(ill).16.Myuncleisl.86metresin_____________(high).17.

Whois______________(funny),theboyorthegirl?18.It'salot_______________(wind)todaythanyesterday.19.____________(many)friendsyoumake,_____________(happy

)you'llfeel.20.Tomisthesecond_______________(fat)inourclass.四、根据中、英文提示及句意完成下列句子。1.---Doyouknowthe_________

__(高度)ofthatman?---Yes,morethan2metres.2.Everyyearourschoolholdsasinging_____________(比赛).3.---Areyoubetterto

day?---No,I’mafraidI’meven_____________(糟糕的)thanyesterday.4.Thesingerismuch_______________(瘦的).Ican’tbelievemyeyeswhenIseeher.5.Lucygotful

lmarksinthelastEnglish____________(测试).Shewassoexcited.6.Ofallthegirlsinourclass,Helenis_______________(slim).7.Whichbook

is(important),thisoneorthatone?8.Theirclassroomisbiggerthan_________________(we).9.The__________(weigh)ofmypetdogisabou

t5kilos.10.Jimisoneofthefastest_________(swim)inhisclass.五、同义句转换：1.Swimmingislessdangerousthanclimbing.=

Climbingis________________________swimming.2.Heisthemostcarefulstudentinhisclass.=Heis________________

_____anyoneelseinhisclass.3.ChinaislargerthananyothercountryinAsia.=Chinais_________________countryinAsia.4.Mary’shairisthel

ongestofthethreegirls.=Ofthethreegirls,Mary____________________hair.5.Winteristhecoldestseasoninayear.=Winte

riscolderthan____________________________________inayear.=Winteriscolderthan____________________________________inayear.6.Nobodyels

eistallerthanLinTaoinhisclass.6=LinTaois____________________inhisclass.8ＡUnit1形容词比较等级专项练习(二）一、单选题1．Itwas

veryhotyesterday,butitis________today.A．evenhotterB．morehotterC．muchmorehotD．muchhot2．Ibelievetheharderyouwork,_______gradesyou'llgetinexams.A．bett

erB．thebetterC．thegoodD．thebest3．The________weexerciseeveryday,the________wewillbe.A．much;healthierB．more;lesshealth

yC．more;healthier4．—Ourcountry______alotsofar.—Yes.Ihopeitwillbeeven______.A.haschanged;wellB．changed;goo

dC．haschanged;betterD．changed;better5．Whenspringcomes,itgets________.A．warmandwarmB．colderandcolderC．warmerandwarme

rD．shorterandshorter6．Hisfatheris________thanhismother.A．olderfouryearsB．asfouryearsolderC．fouryearsolder

D．biggerfouryears7．Whichis________inyourshop,thechocolateicecreamorthevanillaicecream?A．themostpopularB．m

orepopularC．mostpopularD．popular8．—Mum,couldyoubuymeadresslikethis,please?—Ofcourse.Wecanbuyone______

__thanthis,but________it.A.abetter;betterthanB．aworse;asgoodasC．acheaper;asgoodasD．amoreimportant;asgoodas9．MissBrowntellsustorememberthat_____c

arefulweare,_____mistakes(错误)wewillmake.A．themore;thefewerB．thefewer;themoreC．themore;thelessD．theless;thel

ess10．—Howwasyourjobinterview(面试)lastweek?—Oh,Icouldn'tfeel_________.Iwastoonervous(紧张)tosayaword.A．worseB．easierC．happierD．better11．—Everybodykno

wsCanadaisthesecondlargestcountryintheworld.—Itislargerthan________countryinAsia（亚洲）.A．anyotherB．anyC．oth

erD．another12．—It'scoldtoday.Ican'tstand（忍受）it.Ihopetomorrowwon'tbeso________.—Ican't,either.Buttheradiosaysitwillbeeven________tomorrow.A．cold;c

oldB．cold;colderC．colder;colderD．colder;coldest13．—Thecakelooks________.—Yes,ittasteseven________.A．well;goodB．nice;betterC．good;worseD．better;

best14．Tomis________thananyotherstudentinourclass.A．tallB．tallerC．tallestD．thetallest15．—Ithinkcoffeeispopularinwesterncountr

ies.—Maybe,butIthinkteais_____morepopular.A．veryB．soC．evenD．too16．—Whydoyoulikesomanybooks?—Becausethemor

eIread,______Iwillbe.A．cleverB．theclevererC．worseD．theworse17．—Frankhaschangedalot,hasn’the?—Yes.Heismuch________thanbeforebecauseh

eexerciseseveryday.A．strongB．strongerC．strongestD．thestronger18．Tomis170cmtallandhisbrotherBillis175cmtall.Tomis_______thanBill.A．ta

llerB．tallestC．shorterD．shortest19.HespeaksFrenchwell,butofcoursenot________apersonborninFrance.【2012年镇江中考

】A.asclearasB,clearerthanC.asclearlyasD.themoreclearly20．Aftertalkingabouthissonwiththeteacher,Mr.Smithfeltpleasedandmuch_______

_.A．excitedB．moreexcitedC．mostexcitedD．lessexcited21．________youtravel,________yourlifeexperiencewillbe

.A．Themore;richerB．More;richer7C．Themore;thericherD．More;thericher22．Beijingisbecoming________and________.A．morebeautiful,moreB．beaut

iful,beautifulC．more,morebeautifulD．morebeautiful,morebeautiful二、用适当形式填空：1.Bobis_________(young)thanFredbut___________(tall)thanFred.2.Yingtianis

notas___________(tall)asYongxian.3.Almostallthestudents'facesarethesamebutLiDeminglooks_______(fat)thanbeforeafterthesummerholidays.4.Whichis___

______(heavy),ahenorachicken?5.--How_________(tall)isSally?--She's1.55metres________(tall).WhataboutXiaoling?--She

'sonly1.40metres________(tall).Sheismuch_______(short)thanSally.Sheisalsothe_______(short)girlintheclass.6.Heis___

___(bad)atlearningmaths.Heismuch_______(bad)atChineseandheisthe_________(bad)atEnglish.7.AnniesaysSallyisth

e________(kind)personintheworld.8.Heisoneofthe_________(friendly)peopleintheclass,Ithink.9.Adictionaryismuch____

_____(expensive)thanastory-book.10.Anorangeisalittle______(big)thananapple,butmuch________(small)thanawaterm

elon.11.TheChangjiangRiveristhe_______(long)riverinChina.12.Sueisalittle___________(beautiful)thanhersister.13.Myroomisnotas_________(big)asmybr

other's.14.--Howdifficultisphysics?--I'mnotsure.--Isit________(difficult)thanmaths?--Idon'tthinkso.15.-

-Annieplaysthepianovery___________(well).--Sueplaysit_____(well)thanAnnie.AndSallyplaysitthe__________(well).16.Saturdayismy_________(busy)

dayinaweek.17.Hermotherisgetting____________(fat)and________(fat).18.Ithinkit'stooexpensive.I'dlikea_________

____(cheap)one.19.Hecomestoschoolmuch____________(early)thanI.20.Thisbookisnotas_____________(interesting)asthatone.21.Yourclassroomis______

____(wide)and___________(bright)thanours.22.Practiseas__________(much)asyoucan.23.The________(much),the____________

(good).24.Nowadays(现在)Englishis__________(important)thananyothersubject,1think.25.Mostofthestudentsthinkalionismuch_______

_(dangerous)thanabearanditisthe__________(dangerous)animalintheworld.