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选择性必修第四册作业进阶(三十二)UNIT1SCIENCEFICTIONⅠ.阅读理解A[2024·河北省部分学校高三联考]Inspiredbytheeffortlesswayhumanshandleobjectswithoutseeing

them，ateamledbyengineersattheUniversityofCaliforniaSanDiegohasdevelopedanewapproachthatenablesarobotichandtor

otate(旋转)objectsalonethroughtouch，withoutrelyingonvision.Usingtheirtechnique，theresearchersbuiltarobotichandthatcansmoothl

yrotateawidevarietyofobjects，suchassmalltoys，cans，andevenfruitsandvegetables，withoutdamagingthem.Therobotichandperformedtheseta

sksusingonlyinformationbasedontouch.Theworkcouldaidinthedevelopmentofrobotsthatcanmanipulateobjectsinthedark.Tobu

ildtheirsystem，theresearchersattached16touchsensorstothepalm(掌心)andfingersofafour­fingeredrobotichand.

Eachsensorcostsabout$12andservesasimplefunction：detectwhetheranobjectistouchingitornot.Whatmakesthisappr

oachuniqueisthatitreliesonmanylow­costtouchsensorsthatusesimple，binary(二进制的)signals—touchornotouch—toper

formroboticin­handrotation.Thesesensorsarespreadoveralargeareaoftherobotichand.Thiscontrastswithavarietyofotherapproachesthatrelyonafewhigh­cost

touchsensorsattachedtoasmallareaoftherobotichand，primarilyatthefingertips.Theresearchersthentestedtheirsystemonthereal­liferobotichandwit

hobjectsthatthesystemhasnotyetencountered.Therobotichandwasabletorotateavarietyofobjectswithoutlosingitshold.Theobjectsincludedatomato，pepper，acanof

peanutbutterandatoyrubberduck，whichwasthemostchallengingobjectduetoitsshape.Wangandhisteamarenowworkingone

xtendingtheirapproachtomorecomplexoperationtasks.Theyarecurrentlydevelopingtechniquestoenableroboticha

ndstothrowandcatch，forexample.“Ifwecangiverobotsthisskill，thatwillopenthedoortothekindsoftaskstheycanperform，”saidWan

g.1.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“manipulate”probablymeaninParagraph2？A．Remove.B．Control.C．Recognize.D．Distribute.2.Whatdoweknowabout

thetouchsensorsoftherobotichand？A．Theyarequiteexpensive.B．Theyaremainlyinthefingertips.C．Theyperformcomplextasks.D．Theycovermostofitsarea.3.W

hatdotheresearchers'testsontherobotichandfocuson？A．Howwelltheycanfunction.B．Howfasttheycanperformtasks.C．Howaccuratetheywillbe.D．Howintelligentthey

become.4.WhatdoesWangthinkoftheircurrentworkontherobotichand？A．Challenging.B．Promising.C．Efficient.D．Eventful.B[2024·湖北省十一校高三第一次联考]Man

yrobotstrackobjectsby“sight”astheyworkwiththem，butoptical(光学的)sensorscan'ttakeinanitem'sentireshapewhenit'sinthedarkorpartiallyblockedfromview.Nowane

wlow­costtechniqueletsarobotichand“feel”anunfamiliarobject'sformandskillfullyhandleitbasedonthisinformationalone.Univers

ityofCalifornia，SanDiego，roboticistXiaolongWangandhisteamwantedtofindoutwhethercomplexactionscouldbeac

hievedinroboticsusingonlysimpletouchdata.Theresearchersattached16contactsensors，eachcostingabout$12，toth

epalmandfingersofafour­fingeredrobothand.Thesesensorssimplyindicateifanobjectistouchingthehandornot.“Whileonesensordoesn'tcatchmuch，alot

ofthemcanhelpyoucapturedifferentaspectsoftheobject，”Wangsays.Inthiscase，therobot'staskwastorotate(旋转)itemsplacedinitspalm.Theyfirst

ransimulations(模拟)tocollectenoughtouchdataasavirtualrobothandpracticedrotatingobjects，includingballsandotherirregularobjects.Using

informationfromeachsensor，theteambuiltacomputermodelthatdeterminesanobject'spositionateverystepofthehandlingprocessandmovesthefingersto

rotateitsmoothlyandstably.Nexttheytransferredthiscapabilitytooperatearealrobothand，whichsuccessfullycontrolpreviously

unfamiliarobjectssuchasapples，tomatoes，soupcansandrubberducks.Transferringthecomputermodeltotherealworldw

asrelativelyeasybecausethesensordataweresosimple.However，NewYorkUniversity'sLerrelPinto，whostudiesrobots'interactions，wond

erswhetherthesystemwouldfailatmorecomplicatedtasks.Soinfuturework，Wang'sgroupaimstotacklemorecomplexmovementsaswellastoaddsensorsinp

lacessuchasthesidesofthefingers.“Thismeansthattherewillbemoreaccurateinformationfromtouchingthatallowsreconstructingt

heobjectshape，”Wangsays.Theresearcherswillalsotryaddingvisiontocomplementtouchdataforhandlingcomplicatedshape.5.Whatwastheintentiono

ftheresearchconductedbyXiaolongWang'sgroup？A．Todeveloparobotwithadvancedopticalsensors.B．Tocreatearobotichandtograspfamiliarobjects.C．To

exploretheuseoftouchdataincomplexroboticactions.D．Toinvestigatetheimpactoflightingonroboticrecognition．6.WhatisParagraph

3mainlyabout？A．TheworkingprincipleofrobothandsinWang'sresearch.B．Thetypeofcontactsensorsattachedtotherobothand.C．T

hewaythatrobothandscapturedifferentobjects.D．ThefunctionofrobothandsinWang'sresearch．7.Howdidtheresearchersgathertouchdataforthero

botichand'straining？A．Theyusedreal­worldobjects.B．Theyusedcomplexopticalsensors.C．Theyreliedonvision­ba

sedtechnology.D．Theyconductedsimulationswiththerobothand.8.WhatisXiaoLongWang'sattitudetowardsPinto'sconcernoverthesystem？A．Doubtful.B．P

ositive.C．Unclear.D．Dismissive.Ⅱ.七选五[2024·山东省济宁市三模]Growingplantsisoftenseenasavery“green”thingtodo，butlikemanyproducts，theytakeahugeamountofenergytop

roduce.__1__Forexample，theyusegeothermal(地热的)energytoheatgreenhousesandsolarpowertosupplyelectricityandlighting.Whiledomes

ticgrowingdoesn'tinvolvethesamecarbonfootprintascommercialgrowing，it'simportanttoconsiderwhatwecanalldotominimizeourownimpactwhilestillenjoyinggro

wingplants.Over­consumptionofplantsisabigissue.It'ssoeasytogetoverexcitedwhenyouseealltheseincredibleplant

s，andyoucanendupcarryinghomehugenumbersofthem.__2__Themoreplantsyouhave，themorelimitedyourtimeandresourcesbecome，andpl

antscansuffer.Thisleadstoanotherissue—manypeoplemayendupthrowingawaytheirplantswhichdon'tlookperfectorstopflowering，inasimil

arwaytotheworldoffastfashion.__3__.Ifyouarereadyandabletoincreaseyourcollection，propagate(繁殖)fromyourownplantsratherthanbuyingmore，andsharep

lantswithothers.__4__Meanwhile，wecanbuildacommunityoflike­minded，passionateplantpeople.Recyclingtakesahugeamountofinpu

t，whichcanendupmoredamagingtotheenvironment，soinsteadofbuyingsomethingoflowerqualitythatneedsreplacingeveryyear，buyfewerthingsofa

higherquality.__5__Andtheycanbepasseddownthegenerations.A．Butlargecollectionscallforanenormousamountofwork.B．Man

ycommercialgrowerscontinuetomarkettheirproduce.C．Thisremovestheneedtobuyplantsandencouragesasharingculture.D．Thesewilllastmanyyearsandbemorecost­e

ffectiveinthelongterm.E．Soit'simportanttoassessyourcollectionandbuyplantsyouhavetimetolookafter.F．Throwingthemawaywillgreatl

yreduceyourgardeningfootprintontheenvironment.G．Manylarge­scalegrowershaveusedtechnologytominimizetheirimpactontheenvironme

nt．[答题区]1.____________2.____________3.____________4.____________5.____________Ⅲ.语法填空[2024·湖北省名校联考高三期

中]Plantloversbelievethattalkingtoplantshelpsthemgrow.Scientistshavediscoveredthatplantsmakesoundswhentheyare1._

_______stress.Thenoisesaresimilarto2.________humancryorscream.Thescientistsbelievethesoundsarespecificenoughforustobeabletounderstand

themandtocarefortheir3.________(need).Unfortunately，plantsoundsareattoohighafrequency(频率)forthehumanear4.___

_____(pick)up.Humanscanonlyhearfrequenciesofupto16kilohertz.ThescientistsusedspecialAItodetectthesesounds5.________(produce)byplantsthatwereupto

250kilohertz.TheAIalsodifferedbetweendifferenttypesofplantsounds.TheresearchwasconductedinalabatIsrael'sTelAvivUniversity.Scientists6.______

__(discover)thatvibrations(振动)fromstressedtobaccoandtomatoplantsturnedintosoundwaves.LeadresearcherP

rofessorHadanysaid：“Eachplantandeachtypeofstress7.________(link)toaspecialsound.”Shesuggestedthatfieldsofcropscouldbequite8

.________(noise)，saying：“Whileunableforthehumaneartohear，thesoundscanbeheardbybats，miceandinsects.”Understandingthesesoundscouldhelpusknow

9.________cropsareinneedofwater，soastowaterthemintime.Therefore，farmerscouldwatertheircrops10.________(effici

ent)，andthussavemorewater.[答题区]1.____________2.____________3.____________4.____________5.____________6.__

__________7.____________8.____________9.____________10.____________