贵州省瓮安中学2021届高三下学期6月关门考试英语试题 含解析

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瓮安中学2021届高三关门考试试卷英语本试卷分第一卷(选择题)和第二卷(非选择题)两部分,共120分。考试时间100分钟。注意事项:1.答第一卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、科目用铅笔涂写在答题卡上。2.每小题选出答案后,用铅

笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其它答案标号。不能答在试卷上。3.考试结束,考生将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。

(A)THEBESTFILMSOF2020WolfwalkersWolfwalkersisTommMoore’smostdelightfulanimation.ItsbraveheroineisRobyn,thedaughterofanEnglishhun

tsmanstationedinIrelandinthemid-1600s.HehasthejobofclearingthewolvesfromaforestnearKilkenny,butwhenRobyngoesexploring,shef

indsthatoneofthosewolvescantransformintoahumangirl.Thegirls'battlesagainstdestructiveadultsareexcitingandfun,

andeveryframeisaworkofart.AmmoniteMaryAnning,whose19th-Centurydiscoveriesoffossilstransformedpalaeontology,althoughthecreditwenttomen.Wr

iteranddirectorFrancisLee'sromancefindsMaryinmiddleage,scrapingtogetheralivingintheseasidetownofLymeReg

is.ThePersonalHistoryofDavidCopperfieldThisjoyousandendlesslyinventivefilmbyArmandoIannucciisabrilliantachievementthatraisestheexpectati

onforCharlesDickensadaptations.AndwhileIannuccirootsitfirmlyinthepovertyandclasssystemofVictorianEngland.BBCCulture’sreviewcal

ledit“awarmandlivelyDavidCopperfieldfortoday”.TheAssistantStructuredasadayinthelife,TheAssistantstarsJuliaGarnerasthelo

wlynewemployeewhotoilsfrombeforedawnuntilafterdusk,answeringphones,printingoutscripts,unpackingbottlesofwater:imagineamoreauthenti

c,low-keycompanionpiecetoTheDevilWearsPrada.Thefilmlooksbeyondonemantofocusonawidercorporateculture.1.WhoisthedirectorofWolfwalkers?A.Ju

liaGarnerB.FrancisLeeC.ArmandoIannucciD.TommMoore2.WhichofthefollowingfilmswasadaptedfromCharlesDickens’works?A.WolfwalkersB.Ammonite

C.ThePersonalHistoryofDavidCopperfieldD.TheAssistant3.Whereisthetextmostlikelyfrom?A.AguidebookB.AmagazineC.AnovelD.Are

port【答案】1.D2.C3.B【解析】【分析】本文是应用文。文章介绍了2020年最好的四部电影。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段的“WolfwalkersisTommMoore’smostdeli

ghtfulanimation.(狼行者是汤姆·摩尔最令人愉快的动画片)”可知,狼行者的导演是汤姆摩尔。故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据ThePersonalHistoryofDavidCopperfield部分“Thisjoyousandendles

slyinventivefilmbyArmandoIannucciisabrilliantachievementthatraisestheexpectationforCharlesDickensadaptations.(这部由阿曼多·伊安努奇创作的欢乐并有无限创造性的电影是一个辉煌的

成就,提高了人们对查尔斯·狄更斯改编的期望。)”可知,ThePersonalHistoryofDavidCopperfield是由狄更斯的作品改编的。故选C。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据标题THEBESTFILMSOF2020可知,文章介绍了四部2020年最好的电影,因此推断文章最有可能选自杂志。

故选B。(B)Inthesearchforclean,renewableenergytomeetourever-increasingneeds,windpowermightseemtobetheperfectoption.Sinceanci

enttimes,windpowerhasbeenusedtomoveships,pumpwaterandgrindgrain.Aroundtheendofthe19thcentury,theinventionofthewindturbine(涡

轮机)madeitpossibletousewindtogenerateelectricity.Nowlarge-scaleinstallationsofwindturbines,calledwindfarms,createanddevelopcleanelectricityforpeo

plearoundtheworld.Yetdespitetheadvantagesthatwindenergyoffers,challengestousingthisrenewableresourcecanbefound.Thefirstadvantageofwindpowe

risthatittrulyisarenewableresource.Nomatterhowmuchwindweusetogenerateelectricity,wewillneverdepletethesupply.Thisisitsgreatestadvantageovernon-renewa

bleresourceslikecoaloroil.However,winddoesnotprovideaconstantsupplyofenergy.EventhewindiestplacesonEarthhavep

eriodsofcalm.Withoutastrongwind,windturbinesarenotabletoproduceelectricity.Thatmeansthatwindpowerisn’tfeasibleasasinglesourceofelectri

city.Itcanonlyworkwithothersourcesthatsupplypower.Windpowerisacleansourceofenergy,meaningitproduceselectricitywithoutenvironmentallyh

armfulmissions.Thisisincontrasttoconventionalpowerplantsthatburnfueltogeneratepower,therebyproducingpollution.Butthatisn’ttosaythatwindpowerdoe

sn’thaveanenvironmentimpact.Thelargespinningbladesofawindturbinecanbefataltobirdsandbats.Theturbines

alsocreatenoisepollution.Thesoundproducedthroughnormaloperationcanbeannoyingordisturbingtopeoplethatlivenear.Fortun

ately,windturbinesareparticularlywellsuitedforareasfarfromhomesandcities.Thelargetowersthatprovidethebaseforthewindtu

rbinesalsohaveasmallfootprint,whichmeansthattheydon’ttakeupalotofspace.Withallofthechallengesofwindpower,itobviouslycannotbethesolesolutionforcleane

nergyproduction.Buttheadvantagesofwindpowergenerationshouldn’tbeforgotteninthesearchforclean,renewableenergy.4.Whatdoweknowabout

windenergyfromthetext?A.Creatingelectricitywiththewindisanon-renewablemethodofpowergeneration.B.Windpo

werhasmanyadvantagesbecauseitcanbetheonlymethodweusetocreateelectricity.C.Althoughwindenergyisacleansourceo

fenergy,ithasanimpactontheenvironment.D.Thewindturbinesareidealforareasnearbyhomesandcities.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“feasible”inparagraph2refert

o?A.importantB.accessibleC.necessaryD.reasonable6.Whichwordbestdescribestheauthor’sattitudetowindenergy?A.SkepticalB.Ob

jectiveC.AmbiguousD.Disapproving7.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TheAdvantagesandChallengesofWindEnergy.B.Win

dEnergy:ACleanandRenewableSource.C.TheDevelopmentandUtilizationofWindEnergy.D.TheProspectofWindEnergy

.【答案】4.C5.B6.B7.A【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。主要介绍了风能的优势和不足。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段第一句“Thefirstadvantageofwindpoweristhatittrulyisarenewable

resource.”(风能最大的优势是它是一种可再生能源。)A.Creatingelectricitywiththewindisanon-renewablemethodofpowergeneration.(风力发电是一种不可再生的发电方法)由此可知,A错误。B.Windpowerhasmanya

dvantagesbecauseitcanbetheonlymethodweusetocreateelectricity.(风能有许多优点,因为它是我们发电的唯一方法。)根据常识,可以用水,煤,潮汐,核发电,因此风能不

是唯一的方法,所以B错误。根据第三段最后两句“Theturbinesalsocreatenoisepollution.Thesoundproducedthroughnormaloperationcanbeannoyingordisturbingtopeoplethatlivenear.”(涡轮

机有噪音污染。正常运行产生的声音会干扰住在附近的人。)D.Thewindturbinesareidealforareasnearbyhomesandcities.(风力涡轮机对附近的人家和城市是最合适的。)由此可知D错误。根据第三段第三句“Butt

hatisn’ttosaythatwindpowerdoesn’thaveanenvironmentimpact.”(但那并不等于说风能就对环境没有影响。)C.Althoughwindenergyisacleansourc

eofenergy,ithasanimpactontheenvironment.(尽管风能是清洁能源,但是它对环境还是有影响。)由此可知C符合语境,故选C。【5题详解】词义猜测题。根据上文“Withoutastrongwind,windtu

rbinesarenotabletoproduceelectricity.”(没有强风,风力涡轮机就不能发电。)由此可知,风力发电不能作为单一的发电方式使用,还要与其它发电方式结合。A.important重要的;

B.accessible可使用的;C.necessary必要的;D.reasonable合理的。由此可知B符合语境。故选B。【6题详解】推理判断题。文章既讲风力发电的优势,又指出存在的不足。特别是文章结尾一句“Buttheadvan

tagesofwindpowergenerationshouldn’tbeforgotteninthesearchforclean,renewableenergy.”(但是在寻找清洁,可持续能源的过程中,风力发电的优势不应该被忘记。)由

此可知,作者对风力发电的态度是客观的。A.Skeptical怀疑的;B.Objective客观的;C.Ambiguous模糊不清的;D.Disapproving不赞成。由此可知B符合语境。故选B。【7题详解】主旨大意题。全文既讲风力发电的优势,又指出存在的不足。A.T

heAdvantagesandChallengesofWindEnergy.(风能的优势和挑战)由此可知A符合语境。故选A。(C)Nextfall,whenyouseegeeseheadingsouthforthewinter,flyingalonginaV-formation(阵式),

youmightconsiderwhatsciencehasdiscoveredastowhytheyflythatway.Aseachbirdmovesitswings,itcreatesupliftforthebirdimmediatelyfollowing.ByflyinginaV-f

ormationthewholegroupaddsatleast71%greaterflyingrangethanifeachbirdflewonitsown.Peoplewhoshareacommondirectionandsenseofcommunitycan

getwheretheyaregoingmorequicklyandeasilybecausetheyaretravelingonthethrust(用力推)ofoneanother.Whenagoosefallsoutofitsformation,itsuddenlyfeelst

hedragandresistanceoftryingtogoitaloneandquicklygetsbackintoformationtotakeadvantageoftheliftingpowerofthebirdin

front.Ifwehavethesamesenseasagoose,wewillalsostayintheformationwiththosewhoareheadedthesamewayweare.Whentheheadgoosegetstireditrotates

(旋转)backinthewingandanothergoosefliestothepoint.Itisreasonabletotaketurnsdoingdemandingjobs—withpeopleorwithgees

eflyingsouth.Geesehonk(雁鸣)frombehindtoencouragethosetokeepuptheirspeed.Whatdowesaywhenwehonkfrombehind?Finally,andthisisimportant—whenag

oosegetssickoriswoundedbygunshots,andfallsoutofitsformation,twoothergeesefalloutwiththatgooseandfollowitdowntolendhelpandprotection.Theystaywiththe

fallengooseuntilitisabletoflyoruntilitdies,andonlythendotheyflyoutontheirown,orwithanotherformationtocatchu

pwiththeirgroup.Ifwehavethesenseofagoose,wewillstandbyeachotherlikethat.8.EverygoosewantstostayintheVformationinorderto___

_____.A.getanupliftfromeachotherB.makeabeautifulsignintheskyC.escapefromthisgroupD.justmakefun9.Afterfinishingthistext,wecanfindthat________.A.geese’

sbehaviorsseemverymeaningfulbutfoolishB.whatthegeesedoshouldbeadoptedbyourhumanbeingsC.ourhumanbeingalwayshatethiswayD.geeseareou

rpeople’sgoodfriends10.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentence“Whatdowesaywhenwehonkfrombehind?”reallyreferto?A

.Wearecryingwhenwefallbehind.B.Weareashamedofourhuman’sbehaviorandreallydidworseatthisaspect.C.Manypeopleenvythisv

ictory.D.Wehavenowordswhenwearebehind.11.Ifyouareaskedtowriteatitleforthetext,________wouldbebetter.A.V-formationIsCreativeB.TheLifeofGeeseC.

FlyingSouthD.Geese’sCooperationandFriendship【答案】8.A9.B10.B11.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了大雁之间的的合作精神与友谊,这也同样是值得我们人类学习的。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段关键句“A

seachbirdmovesitswings,itcreatesupliftforthebirdimmediatelyfollowing.ByflyinginaV-formationthewholegroupaddsatleast71%greaterflyingrangethanifeachbi

rdflewonitsown.”(当每只鸟移动翅膀时,它会为紧随其后的鸟创造升力。通过V型队形飞行,整个团队的飞行距离比每只鸟单独飞行时增加至少71%。)和第三段关键句“Whenagoosefallsoutofitsfor

mation,itsuddenlyfeelsthedragandresistanceoftryingtogoitaloneandquicklygetsbackintoformationtotakeadvantageoftheliftingpowe

rofthebirdinfront.”(当一只大雁从它的队形上掉出来时,它会突然感觉到试图独自飞行的阻力,然后迅速回到队形上,去利用前面那只鸟的升力。)可知,在V型队形的飞行模式中,后面的鸟会得到前面的鸟为她创造

的升力,这样飞行起来会更快、更省力,由此可知,每只大雁都想留在V形队形中,以便从对方那里得到升力。故选A项。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段关键句“Peoplewhoshareacommondirectionand

senseofcommunitycangetwheretheyaregoingmorequicklyandeasilybecausetheyaretravelingonthethrust(用力推)ofoneanother.”(拥有共同方向和社会意识的人可以更快、更容易地到达他们要去的地方,因为

他们在彼此的推动下前行。)和最后一段关键句“Ifwehavethesenseofagoose,wewillstandbyeachotherlikethat.”(如果我们有大雁的意识,我们也会像那样互相支持。)可知,在整篇文章中,作者将大雁的行为和人的行为进

行比较,认为我们人也应该有这种合作精神,互相帮助,由此可知,看完这篇文章后,我们可以发现大雁的行为应该被我们人类所采用。故选B项。【10题详解】词义猜测题。通读文章可知,在整篇文章中,作者将大雁的行为和人的行为进行比较,认为我们人也应该有这种合作精神,互相帮助,由此可推断出,事实上,人类在这些

方面做得并不好。画线句子前句“Geesehonk(雁鸣)frombehindtoencouragethosetokeepuptheirspeed.”(大雁从后面鸣叫,鼓励它们保持速度。)说明了大雁之间的互助精神,结合作者观点可推断出,接下来要把人类和大雁进行对比,人类在

这方面做的并不好,“Weareashamedofourhuman’sbehaviorandreallydidworseatthisaspect.”意为“我们为人类的行为感到羞耻,而且在这方面做得更糟。”符合作者想要表达的观点。故选B项。【11题详解】主旨大意题。通读文章,结

合第二段关键句“Aseachbirdmovesitswings,itcreatesupliftforthebirdimmediatelyfollowing.ByflyinginaV-formationthewholegroupaddsatleast71%gre

aterflyingrangethanifeachbirdflewonitsown.”(当每只鸟移动翅膀时,它会为紧随其后的鸟创造升力。通过V型队形飞行,整个团队的飞行距离比每只鸟单独飞行时增加至少71%。)和最后一段关键句

“Theystaywiththefallengooseuntilitisabletoflyoruntilitdies,andonlythendotheyflyoutontheirown,orwithanotherformationtocatchupwiththeirgroup.”(

它们和落雁待在一起,直到它能飞或死去,然后它们才自己飞走,或者加入另一个雁阵去追赶它们的队伍。)可知,本篇文章主要介绍了大雁之间的合作精神和互相帮助的友情,“Geese’sCooperationandFriendship”意为“大雁的合作与友谊”

,能够概括文章主要内容。故选D项。(D)Althoughwe'resurroundedbymillionsofbrickseveryday,mostofusdon'tthinkaboutthemtoooften.Forthousandsofyears,thehumble

clay-firedbrickshaven'tchanged.They'remadefromnaturalmaterials,butthereareproblemswithbricksateverystepoftheirproduction.Bricksaremadefrom

clay—atypeofsoilfoundallovertheworld.Clayminingisharmfultoplantgrowth.Inconventionalbrickproduction,theclayisshapedan

dbakedinkilns(窑)mostlyheatedbyfossilfuels,whichcontributestoclimatechange.Oncemade,bricksmustbetransportedtoconstructionsites,generatingmorecarbon

emissions.Withsomanybricksproducedglobally,theirimpactaddsup.GabrielaMedero,aprofessoratScotland'sHeri

ot-WattUniversity,decidedtofindsolutionstothat.Withheruniversity'ssupport,MederosetupKenoteqin2009.Thecompany'ssignat

ureproductistheK-Briq.Madefrommorethan90%constructionwaste,MederosaystheK-Briq—whichdoesnotneedtobefiredinakiln—produceslessthanatenthofthec

arbonemissionsofconventionalbricks.Withthecompanytestingnewmachinerytostartscalingupproduction,Mederohopesherbrickswillhelptobuildamor

esustainableworld.TheK-Briqwillbecomparablypricedtoconventionalbricks.Additionally,asanewproduct,theK-Briqhasbee

nsubjectedtostrictassessmentandauthoritativecertification.Reusingoldbricksisanexpensiveprocessandthereisnostandardizedwaytocheckthestrength,

safetyordurability(耐久性)ofrecycledbricks.MederosaysthatK-Briqcouldsolveboththeseproblems.SheclaimsthatK-Briqisstrongerand

moredurablethanfiredclaybricks.Overthenext18months,MederoplanstogetK-Briqmachineson-siteatrecyclingplants."Thiswillreducetr

ansport-relatedemissionsbecausetruckscancollectK-Briqwhentheydropoffconstructionwaste,"saysMedero.12.WhatinspiredMederotoinventtheK-Briq?A

.Thepoorqualityoftheconventionalbricks.B.Theoutdatedstyleoftheconventionalbricks.C.Thehighcostofmanuf

acturingconventionalbricks.D.Theproblemswiththeconventionalbrickproduction.13.WhyistheK-Briqproduction

sustainable?A.Itwon'tproducewaste.B.Itbringsnopollutiontotheair.C.Theplantsoccupymuchlesslandthanbefore.D.The

K-Briqismainlymadefromconstructionwaste.14.Whatisthefourthparagraphmainlyabout?A.ThepopularityoftheK-Briq.B.Thea

dvantagesofK-Briqovertraditionalbricks.C.ThespecialmaterialsusedinK-Briq.D.TheadvancedtechnologyusedforK-Briq.15.WhydoesMederodecidetoputK-B

riqmachinesatrecyclingfactories?A.Toensurefeweremissions.B.Tospeeduptheproduction.C.Tolowertheproductioncost.D.Tocollectmoreconstructionwaste.【

答案】12.D13.D14.B15.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了一种新型环保砖块。与传统烧制粘土砖相比,环保砖块更坚固、耐用且环保。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“They'rem

adefromnaturalmaterials,butthereareproblemswithbricksateverystepoftheirproduction.Bricksaremadefromclay-atypeofsoilfoundallovertheworld.Clayminingh

armsplantgrowth.Inconventionalbrickproduction,theclayisshapedandbakedinkilns(窑)heatedbyfossilfuels,whichcontr

ibutestoclimatechange.Oncemade,bricksmustbetransportedtoconstructionsites,generatingmorecarbonemissions.Withsomanybricks

producedglobally,theirimpactaddsup.”(它们是由天然材料制成的,但在生产的每一步砖块都存在问题。砖是由粘土制成的,粘土是世界各地都有的一种土壤。粘土开采危害植物生长。在传统砖生产、粘士的形状和烤窑加热化石燃料

,导致气候变化。砖一旦制成,就必须运到建筑工地,从而产生更多的碳排放。由于全球生产了如此多的砖块,它们的影响不断增加。)及第三段开头“GabrielaMedero,aprofessoratScotland'sHeriot-WattUniversity,d

ecidedtofindsolutionstothat.”(苏格兰赫瑞瓦特大学教授GabrielaMedero决定寻找解决方案。)可知,传统砖块生产的问题激发了GabrielaMedero发明K-Briq,故D项。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Thecompan

y'ssignatureproductistheK-Briq.Madefrommorethan90%constructionwaste,MederosaystheK-Briq—whichdoesnotneedtobefiredinakiln—produceslessthanat

enthofthecarbonemissionsofconventionalbricks.Withthecompanytestingnewmachinerytostartscalingupproduction,Mederohopes

herbrickswillhelptobuildamoresustainableworld.”(该公司的标志性产品是K-Briq。Medero说K-Briq砖由90%以上的建筑废料制成,不需要在窑炉中燃烧,产生的碳排放量不到传统砖的十分之一。随着公司测试新机器开始生产,

Medero希望她的砖能帮助建立一个更可持续的世界。)可知,K-Briq的生产是可持续的是因为这些产品主要由建筑废料制成,故选D项。【14题详解】主旨大意题。根据第四段“TheK-Briqwillbecomparablypricedtoconventionalbricks.Addi

tionally,asanewproduct,theK-Briqhasbeensubjectedtostrictassessmentandauthoritativecertification.Reusingol

dbricksisanexpensiveprocessandthereisnostandardizedwaytocheckthestrength,safetyordurability(耐久性)ofrecycledbricks.MederosaysthatK-Briqc

ouldsolveboththeseproblems.SheclaimsthatK-Briqisstrongerandmoredurablethanfiredclaybricks.”(K-Briq的价格将与旧砖相当。此外,作为新产

品,K-Briq已经过严格的评估和权威认证。重用旧砖是一个昂贵的过程,且没有标准化的方法检查再生砖的强度、安全或耐用性。Medero说KBriq可以解决这两个问题。她声称K-Briq比烧制的粘土砖更坚固耐用。)可知,本段K-Briqs和传统砖

块在价格、坚固程度进行比较,K-Briqs更具优势。所以第四段主要是关于K-Briqs砖块相对于传统砖块的优势。故选B项。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“"Thiswillreducetrans

port-relatedemissionsbecausetruckscancollectKBriqwhentheydropoffconstructionwaste,"saysMedero.”(“这将减少与运输相关的排放,因为卡车在丢弃建筑垃圾时可以收集K-Bri

q,”Medero说。)可知,Medero决定把K-Briq机器放在回收工厂的目的是保证更少的排放,故选A项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Ridingabicycleatnightismuc

hmoredangerousthanduringtheday.Atnight,motoristscanonlyseewhat'silluminated(照亮)bytheirheadlights.BobMionske,authorofBicycling&theLaw

sayscyclingaccidentshappeningatnightaccountformorethan70%ofallcyclingaccidentsinthepasttenyears._____16_____Ifyoustillplantori

deabicycleatnight,properpreparationcanhelpkeepyousafe.Inmanystatesbicyclesriddenatnightarerequiredtohavearedlightonthebackandawh

iteheadlight._____17_____Thebicycle'sheadlightshouldbestrongenoughtoilluminatetheroadforseveralfeet.Forexample,whenyou'recy

clingat15mph,theheadlightshouldallowyoutoseeatleast35to50feetinfrontofyou._____18_____Cyclingclothingw

ithbuilt-inreflectivematerialcanbefoundongloves,shirtsandshorts.Manyvestandjacketdesignshavelargeareasofreflectivematerialalongthearms,che

st,backandshoulders._____19_____Ifyou'reshortofmoney,youcanbuyreflectivetape,cutitintostripsandattachittoyourclothes.Remaininwell-litandf

amiliarstreets.Don'ttakeunfamiliarroutesifit'snotnecessary._____20_____.Bydoingso,youcanavoidbecominglostinunfamiliardarks

treets.A.Choosestreetsthatarewell-lit.B.Besides,they'llkeepyouwarmtoo.C.Ridingabicycleisagoodsportforteenagers.D.Soridingabicycleatnightisreall

ydangerous.E.Reflectors(反射镜)areusuallyfixedonabicycle'swheels.F.Theselightsletmotoristsknowwhichdirectionyou'reheading.G.Whilelig

htscankeepcyclistssafetosomelevel,nightcyclistsstillneedtodressinbrightcolors.【答案】16.D17.F18.G19.B20.A【解析】【分析】这是一

篇说明文。在夜间骑自行车要比在白天骑自行车危险系数要大。我们可以通过采取一些措施来保障自己的行车安全。【16题详解】设空句前一句“BobMionske,authorofBicycling&theLawsayscyclingaccid

entshappeningatnightaccountformorethan70%ofallcyclingaccidentsinthepasttenyears.(BobMionske在他的书Bicycling&theLaw中提到,十年间,70%以上的自行车事故都是发生在夜间骑自行车的时候)

”说明夜间骑车很危险。选项D“Soridingabicycleatnightisreallydangerous.(因此夜间骑自行车是相当危险的)”承接上文,故选D。【17题详解】设空句前一句“Inmanystates,bicyclesriddenatnightarerequiredtohav

earedlightonthebackandawhiteheadlight.(按照许多州的要求,夜间骑自行车需要装上红色的后灯和白色的头灯)”,而设空句的后一句“Thebicycle'sheadlightshouldbestrongenoughtoilluminatetheroadforsever

alfeet.(头灯要足够照亮几英尺的路)”,这两句都是描写自行车安装的灯。由此可推出,设空句应该是对灯的功能的描述,选项F“Theselightsletmotoristsknowwhichdirectionyou'rehead

ing.(这些灯让开车的人知道你朝哪个方向行驶)”,符合上下文的语境,故选F。【18题详解】设空句在这一段的句首,是这段的主旨句。下文“Cyclingclothingwithbuilt-inreflectivemat

erialcanbefoundongloves,shirtsandshorts.(手套、衬衫和短裤这样的自行车服装都有内置反光材料)”以及本段最后一句“Ifyou'reshortofmoney,youc

anbuyreflectivetape,cutitintostripsandattachittoyourclothes.(如果你缺钱,你可以买反光胶带,把它切成条状,贴在衣服上)”都点出了跟“clothes”有关的信息,选项G“Whilelightscankeepcycli

stssafetosomelevel,nightcyclistsstillneedtodressinbrightcolors.(灯光可以使骑车者在一定程度上安全,但夜间骑车者仍然需要穿鲜艳的颜色)”既承接上一

段所说的车灯问题,又引出本段内容,故选G。【19题详解】结合上题分析可知,设空句所在的段落都是介绍关于夜间骑自行车的着装问题的。设空上一句“Manyvestandjacketdesignshavelargeareasofreflectivematerialal

ongthearms,chest,backandshoulders.(许多背心和夹克都在手臂、胸部、背部和肩部设计有大面积的反光材料)”说明这些衣能通过反光材料给其他人警示。那么设空处应该也是介绍自行车服装特点的。选项B“Besides,they'llkeepyouwarmtoo.(

此外,他们可以保暖)”,符合上下文语境,故选B。【20题详解】设空句所在段落提出“Remaininwell-litandfamiliarstreets.(夜间骑自行车要选择采光良好而且是自己熟悉的街道)”,最后一句“Byd

oingso,youcanavoidbecominglostinunfamiliardarkstreets.(你这样做的话,你就能有效避免在一些黑暗、不熟悉的街道中迷路)”,综合这两句可知,选项A“Choosest

reetsthatarewell-lit.(选择采光良好的街道)”切题,故选A。第二部分语言知识运用(共两节,满分45分)第一节(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。In2014,Ann

aRosegraduatedfromhighschoolwiththesamegoallikemanyotherstudents:togetherbachelor’sdegree.Whileherjourneyhasbeen___

__21_____becauseshehasDownSyndrome,shewas_____22_____topursueherdream!Firstshe_____23_____herassociate’sdegreefromRowanCollegein2017.Thenshetransfer

redtoRowanUniversity’smain_____24_____,whereshejustbecamethefirststudentwithDownsto_____25_____fromtheschool!“Shethinksforherselfa

nddoesherownthing.”hermomLinsaid.“Whenshedecidestodosomething,shegoes____26____”.AnnaRosestudiedradio,tel

evision,andfilmandworked_____27_____tomaintainhergreatgrades.“Duringtheschoolterm,thereisn’tplentyoftimefor_____28_____activity,”Linsaid.

“Sheissittingatthekitchentable,workingdevotedly.Becausewhat_____29_____youorme20minutestoreadcouldmeanseveral_____30_____forAnnaRosedepending

onthecontextandthevocabulary.”Onsomedays,shefeltso_____31_____thathermomremindedheritwasOKtochangeher____

_32_____,butAnnaRoserefusedto_____33_____!Notonlythat,butshealsogot_____34_____advocacyprogramstofightforherselfandotherpeoplewith_____35_____.S

hehasaddressedaUnitedNationspanel(专家小组),andevenrequestedfordisability_____36_____tolawmakersinWashington,D.C..Thisisonlythebeginningforthis____

_37_____womanbecauseshehasanewdreamnow!Shewantstocontinue_____38_____forcommunitieswithdisabilitiesbycreatingpo

dcasts(播/博客),documentaries,andmore.She’salready_____39_____shecandoanythingshesetshermindto,andwe're_____4

0_____there'snostoppingher!We’resoproudofyou,AnnaRose!21.A.toughB.smoothC.rewardingD.adventurous22.A.delightedB.determinedC.relaxedD.relie

ved23.A.recognizedB.ignoredC.arrangedD.earned24.A.courseB.libraryC.campusD.attraction25.A.sufferB.studyC.graduateD.recover26.A.allthewayB.ou

tofsightC.allofasuddenD.upanddown27.A.separatelyB.secretlyC.continuouslyD.casually28.A.naturalB.commercialC.temporaryD.fre

e29.A.takesB.bothersC.ruinsD.saves30.A.secondsB.hoursC.minutesD.days31.A.misunderstoodB.discouragedC.inspiredD.overjoyed32.A.plansB.skil

lsC.characterD.mood33.A.repeatB.admitC.tolerateD.quit34.A.anxiousaboutB.involvedinC.particularaboutD.stuckin35.A.diseasesB.dreamsC.di

sabilitiesD.achievements36.A.rightsB.reportsC.programsD.experiments37.A.generousB.selflessC.cautiousD.ambitious38.A.advertisingB

.accountingC.answeringD.advocating39.A.swornB.witnessedC.provenD.explained40.A.gratefulB.certainC.curiousD.patient【答案

】21.A22.B23.D24.C25.C26.A27.C28.D29.A30.B31.B32.A33.D34.B35.C36.A37.D38.D39.C40.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了患有唐氏综合征的A

nnaRose是一个很坚强且很有主见的人,她努力实现了自己的梦想并一直坚持为残疾人争取权益而奋斗。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:虽然她的旅程很艰难,因为她有唐氏综合症,但她决心追求她的梦想!A.tough艰难的;B.smooth顺利的;

C.rewarding值得做的;D.adventurous冒险的。根据句中“becauseshehasDownSyndrome”可知,她患有唐氏综合症,这是一种疾病,由此可知,她追寻梦想的旅程是艰难的。故选A项。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:

同上。A.delighted高兴的;B.determined坚决的;C.relaxed放松的;D.relieved放心的。根据后文“shejustbecamethefirststudentwithDownsto...fromtheschool”可知,她作

为一个有唐氏综合症的学生从学校毕业了,由此可知,她并没有放弃,而是决心追求她的梦想,“bedeterminedtodosth.”意为“决心做某事”。故选B项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:首先,她在2017年获得了Rowan学院的副学士学位。A.recogn

ized承认;B.ignored忽视;C.arranged安排;D.earned获得。根据后文“ThenshetransferredtoRowanUniversity’smain__4___,whereshejustbecameth

efirststudentwithDownsto...fromtheschool!”可知,然后她去Rowan大学的主校区学习并在那里毕业,由此可知,她是先获得了罗文学院的副学士学位,才有机会去主校区学习并毕业。故选D项。【24题详解】考查名词词义

辨析。句意:然后她转学到罗文大学的主校区,在那里她成为第一个从学校毕业的有唐氏综合症的学生!A.course课程;B.library图书馆;C.campus校园,校区;D.attraction有吸引力的(事物)。句子为非限制性定语从句,根据句中“wh

ereshejustbecamethefirststudentwithDownstograduatefromtheschool!”可知,先行词指代的是她毕业的地方,她应该是在大学校园里毕业的,由此可知,她转学到罗文大学的主校区,campus意为“校园,校区”。故选C项。【2

5题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:同上。A.suffer遭受;B.study学习;C.graduate毕业;D.recover恢复。根据句中“becamethefirststudentwithDowns....”可知,她成为第一个从学校毕业的有唐氏综合症的学生,“graduatef

rom”意为“从……毕业”。故选C项。【26题详解】考查固定短语词义辨析。句意:她的妈妈林说:“她独立思考,做自己的事。”“当她决定做某件事时,她会全力以赴”。A.alltheway一直,自始至终;B.outofsight在视野之外;C.innotime立刻

,马上;D.upanddown上上下下,来来回回。结合上文内容可知,她经过努力,成功地从Rowan大学毕业,由此可知,她是一个决定做某件事后,会全力以赴的人,“goalltheway”意为“全力以赴”

。故选A项。【27题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意:AnnaRose学习广播、电视和电影,并不断努力保持优异的成绩。A.separately分别地;B.secretly秘密地;C.continuously连续不断地;D.casually偶然

地。根据句中“maintainhergreatgrades”可知,她要想保持好成绩,需要不断努力。故选C项。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:“在校期间,没有足够的时间进行自由活动,”林说。A.nat

ural自然的;B.commercial商业的;C.temporary暂时的;D.free自由的。根据下文“Becausewhat__9___youorme20minutestoreadcouldmean...”可知,因为患有唐氏综合症,对于普通人花20分钟阅读的内容,对于她来说,可能要花

几个小时,由此可知,她把时间都用在学习上了,没有足够的时间进行自由的活动。故选D项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:因为取决于上下文和词汇量的不同,你或我花20分钟阅读的内容对AnnaRose来说可能

意味着花费几个小时完成。A.takes花费(时间等);B.bothers打扰;C.ruins毁坏;D.saves拯救。根据句中“youorme20minutestoread”可知,这里指“花费你或我20分钟阅读”,take

s意为“花费(时间等)”,符合句意。故选A项。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:同上。A.seconds秒;B.hours小时;C.minutes分钟;D.days。根据句中根据句中“youorme20minutestore

ad”可知,因为有唐氏综合症,正常人需要20分钟时间的阅读,AnnaRose要花好几个小时。故选B项。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:有几天,她感到非常气馁,她的妈妈提醒她可以改变她的计划,但Anna

Rose拒绝放弃!A.misunderstood被误解的;B.discouraged气馁的,灰心的;C.inspired有雄心壮志的;D.overjoyed欣喜若狂的。根据句中“hermomremindedheritwasOKtochangeher_____”可知

,她妈妈提醒她可以改变她的计划,由此可知,应该是当她感到气馁的时候,她妈妈提醒她可以改变她的计划。故选B项。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:有几天,她感到非常气馁,她的妈妈提醒她可以改变她的计划,但AnnaRose拒绝放弃!A.plans计划;B.skills技术;C.chara

cter性格;D.mood情绪。根据句中“butAnnaRoserefusedto_____”可知,AnnaRose拒绝了妈妈的提议,再结合上文可知,她是一个为了梦想坚持不懈的人,由此可知,妈妈是提醒她可以改变她已经为自己制定的计划,但她拒绝了。故选A项。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析

。句意:有几天,她感到非常气馁,她的妈妈提醒她可以改变她的计划,但AnnaRose拒绝放弃!A.repeat重复;B.admit承认;C.tolerate忍受;D.quit停止,放弃。根据上文“Whenshedecidestodosomethin

g,shegoes__6___.”可知,当AnnaRose决定做某件事时,她会全力以赴,由此可知当母亲提醒她可以改变她的计划时,她拒绝放弃计划。故选D项。【34题详解】考查固定短语词义辨析。句意:不仅如此,她还参与了为自己和其他残疾人而战的宣传

项目。A.anxiousabout为……担心;B.involvedin参与……;C.particularabout对于……特别讲究;D.stuckin被困在……。根据句中“advocacyprogramstofi

ghtforherselfandotherpeoplewith...”可知,这个宣传项目是为残疾人而战的,由此可知,她是参与了这个宣传项目,“getinvolvedin”意为“参与……”。故选B项。【35题

详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:同上。A.diseases疾病;B.dreams梦想;C.disabilities残疾;D.achievements成就。根据上文可知,AnnaRose本身也是一个唐氏综合症的患者,再结合上文“advocacyprograms”可知,她参加的是一

个为残疾人而战的宣传项目;后文disability也是提示。故选C项。【36题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:她曾向联合国的一个专家小组发表演讲,甚至向华盛顿特区的立法者要求残疾人权利。A.rights权力;B.re

ports报告;C.programs程序,节目;D.experiments实验。根据句中关键词“lawmakers”可知,她是向华盛顿特区的立法者要求残疾人“权利”。故选A项。【37题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:这只是这个有雄心的女人的

开始,因为她现在有了一个新的梦想!A.generous慷慨的;B.selfless无私的;C.cautious谨慎的;D.ambitious有雄心的。根据上文可知,她参与了为残疾人而战的宣传项目,再结合句中“becauseshehasanewdr

eamnow”可知,她现在有了一个新的梦想,由此可推断出,她是一个有雄心的女人。故选D项。【38题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:她希望通过制作播客、纪录片等,继续支持残疾人团体。A.advertising(为……)做广告;B.accounting把……视为

;C.answering回答;D.advocating支持,拥护。根据上文“advocacyprograms”可知,她参与了为残疾人而战的宣传项目,由此可推断出,她是想通过制作播客、纪录片等,继续支持残疾人团体。故选D项。【3

9题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:她已经证明了她能做任何她想做的事,我们确信没有什么能阻止她!A.sworn发誓;B.witnessed目击,见证;C.proven证明;D.explained解释。根据

上文可知,她凭借自己的努力,大学毕业,参加为残疾人而战的宣传项目等,由此可知,这一切都“证明了”她能做任何她想做的事。故选C项。【40题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:同上。A.grateful感激的;B.certain确

信的;C.curious好奇的;D.patient有耐心的。根据上文可知,她凭借自己的努力,大学毕业,参加为残疾人而战的宣传项目等,由此可知,这一切都让我们“确信”没有什么能阻止她想做的事情。故选B项。第二节(共10小题,每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面材料,在空白处填入

适当的内容或括号内单词(不多于3个单词)的正确形式。Inancienttimes,theChinesekitewasknownas“Zhiyuan”,andwasconsideredtohaveuniqueartisticvalues.Itfir

st___41___(appear)inthewarsoftheSpring&AutumnPeriod(770BC-476BC).Accordingtohistoricalrecords,MoZispentth

reeyearsconstructinga___42___(wood)kite,whichfailedafteroneday’sflight.___43___booknotedthatthemastercarpenterLuBanalsomadeseveralkiteswhichwere

flownhightospy___44___theenemy.ThetechnologydevelopedfurtherduringthefamousChu-HanWar.ThegeneraloftheHantroopsZhangLiangonceorderedhissoldiers___4

5___(fly)kitesintheheavyfogaroundtheChutroops___46___(lead)byXiangYu.Childrensittinginthelargekitesplayedtunes(曲调)ofChuo

nflutes.Themakingprocedurecan___47___(divide)intothreeparts,whilethebasiconeremains___48___same.However,stylesofkite-making___49___(vario

us)indifferentregions.Theseinthe“WorldKiteCapital”ofWeifanginShandongProvinceare____50____(good)knownfortheir

nicecraftsmanship,materials,painting,sculptureandflexibleflyingmovement.【答案】41.appeared42.wooden43.A/One44.on45.tofly46.led47.bedivided48.t

he49.vary50.well【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。在中国古代,风筝被称为“纸鸢”,被认为是一种技术,它也在许多艺术收藏品中出现,并被认为具有独特的艺术价值,同时介绍了风筝的历史,本文就古代和现在的风筝做了比较。【41题详解】考查动词时态。句意:它在春秋时

期(公元前770年至公元前476年)首次出现的。根据时间状语“inthewarsoftheSpring&AutumnPeriod(770BC-476BC)”可知,春秋时期已是过去,用一般过去时,故填appeared。【42题详解】考查形容

词。句意:根据历史记录,墨子花了三年时间制作了一只木制的风筝,但在飞行一天后就失败了。修饰名词用形容词,wooden“木制的”,故填wooden。【43题详解】考查冠词和数词。句意:一本书指出,大师鲁班也制

作了几个风筝,飞在高空监视敌人。book“可数名词”,此处泛指“一本书”,故用不定冠词a或者one,故填A/One。【44题详解】考查介词和固定短语。句意同上。spyon“监视”是固定短语,根据句意,故填on。【45题详解】考查非谓语动

词。句意:韩军将军张梁曾命令他的士兵在被项羽带领的楚军周围的大雾中放飞风筝。分析句子可知,句子的谓语动词是ordered,“(fly)kites”作目的状语,用不定式形式,故填tofly。【46题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意同上。分析句子可知,lead作定语修饰troops,lead与逻辑

主语troops是被动关系,用过去分词作定语,故填led。【47题详解】考查动词时态语态。句意:制作过程可以分成三部分,然而基本部分仍旧是一样的。分析句子可知,divide是谓语动词,与主语procedure是被动关系,空前有情态动词can,用含情态动词的被

动语态,故填bedivided。【48题详解】考查冠词。句意:制作过程可以分成三部分,然而基本部分仍旧是一样的。same“一样”前常加定冠词the,remainthesame“保持一样”。故填the。【49题详解】考查动词。句意:然而,制

作风筝的样式在不同的地区是不同的。分析句子可知,空格处是谓语动词,根据语境可知,讲述事实用一般现在时,主语styles是复数,vary“不同”,是动词,故填vary。【50题详解】考查副词。句意:山东省潍坊市,“世界风筝之都”的风筝以其精

湛的工艺、材料、绘画、雕塑和灵活的飞行运动而闻名。修饰形容词用副词,wellknown“著名的”,根据句意,故填well。第三部分写作(共两节,满分35分)第一节短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)51.假

定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。删除:把多

余的词用斜线(\)划掉。修改:在错的词下画一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。Inrecentyears,withthepo

pularityofdigitaldevices,studentspaylittleattentiontotheirhandwriting.Astheresult,theirhandwritingisnotsogoodasi

tisinthepast.InordertoprotectingourChinesecharactersandwritebothnicelybutneatly,we’dliketooffersomeadvices

.Firstly,spendlittletimeonlinesothatwecanhavemoretimereadandtakenotes.Moreover,we’dbetterformthehabitofpracticinghandwritingandkeepingdiarie

soneveryday.However,itisbettertowritetoourrelativesandfriendsratherthansende-mails.Whichthesayinggoes,”Thestyleistheman.

”Beautifulandneathandwritingisbeneficialtousstudents.Sopleaseattachgreatimportancetoourhandwritinginfuture.Let’stakeact

ionnow!【答案】1.As后the→a2.is→was3.protecting→protect4.but→and5.advices→advice6.time后添加to7.去掉on8.However→Besides9.Which→As10.in后添加the【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文

。文章主要就如何保护汉字,写出又好又整齐的字提出了一些建议。【详解】1.考查冠词。句意:因此,他们的书法不如过去那么好。结合句意表示“因此”可知短语为asaresult。故As后the改为a。2.考查时

态。句意:因此,他们的书法不如过去那么好。此处为从句谓语动词,根据后文inthepast可知应用一般过去时。故is改为was。3.考查非谓语动词。句意:为了保护我们的汉字,写得又好又整齐,我们想提供一些建议。表示“为了做某事”可知短语为inordertodosth.,用不定式表目

的。故protecting改为protect。4.考查固定短语。句意:为了保护我们的汉字,写得又好又整齐,我们想提供一些建议。结合句意表示“两者都……”短语为both…and…。故but改为and。5.考查名词的数。句意:为了保护我们的汉字,写得又好又整齐,我们想提供一些建议。advice为不可数

名词,没有复数形式。故advices改为advice。6.考查固定短语。句意:首先,少花时间上网,这样我们可以有更多的时间阅读和做笔记。结合句意表示“有更多时间做某事”短语为havemoretimetodosth.。故time后添加to。7.考查

固定短语。句意:此外,我们最好养成每天练习写字和写日记的习惯。表示“每天”短语为everyday,前面不需要介词。故去掉on。8.考查副词。句意:此外,写信给我们的亲戚和朋友比发送电子邮件更好。结合上下文语境可知,此处表示补充递进关系,而不是转折关系,应用副词besides。故However改为

Besides。9.考查固定句型。句意:俗话说,“文如其人”。结合句意表示俗话说”可知句型为asthesayinggoes。故Which改为As。10.考查固定短语。句意:因此,未来请重视我们的书写。结合句意表示“在未来”

短语为inthefuture。故in后添加the。第二节书面表达(满分25分)52.假定你是李华。你的美国朋友Jack发来邮件,想了解中国茶文化。现在请你给他回封邮件,内容包括:1.中国茶文化简介;2.

饮茶的好处;3.邀请他来中国体验茶文化。注意:1.词数100左右;2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。DearJack,__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_______________Yours,LiHua【答案】Onepossibleversion:DearJack,I’mgladtohearfromyou.AndnowI’mveryhappytosharesomethingaboutChinesetea

cultureinreplytoyourlaste-mail.Chineseteaculturestartedabout4,000yearsagoanddrinkingteagraduallybecam

eanamazingtradition.InChina,peopledrinkteaalmosteverywhereandinmostoftheirsparetime.SomeChinesebelievethatteabenefitspeople’shealthalot.Drinkin

gacupofteamakespeoplerelaxedandrefreshed.Otherstreatguestsorfriendstoteadrinkinginsocialcommunication.Probably,you’vegotageneralpictureoftea

cultureaftermyintroduction.Then,howaboutcomingtoChinatoexperienceityourself?Maybe,youwillfallinlovewithit.Yours,LiHua【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文,属于邮件回复类。【详解】本文是

一篇电子邮件的回复,认真阅读提示,明确内容要点,确定文章的主题、文体、人称和时态。根据所给提纲,运用自己相关茶文化的知识,以此为基础,增加文章细节,使内容充实灵活。运用英语知识,采用不同的表达方式将各要点完整地表述出来。写作时注意时态、语态的合理运用,主次分明,详略得当

,语言力求准确、简洁。行文中选用合适的连接词或过渡词,以使行文连贯。本文主要是介绍说明茶文化的相关内容,时态用一般现在时。【点睛】本文是一篇电子邮件,内容符合要求,语句结构严谨,文中使用高级句子。SomeChinesebelievethatt

eabenefitspeople’shealthalot.宾语从句;Drinkingacupofteamakespeoplerelaxedandrefreshed.动名词作主语,并运用makesb.ad

j.的用法,两个并列形容词relaxed与refreshed更加添色。文章还运用高级词汇与短语等:inreplyto,答复;generalpicture概貌;experienceityourself,亲身体验;fallinlovewith,爱上…。

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