【文档说明】北京市房山区2021届高三下学期一模英语试题 含解析.docx，共(19)页，174.294 KB，由小赞的店铺上传

转载请保留链接：https://www.doc5u.com/view-99857985abc2dabecab8a1e4239203ef.html

以下为本文档部分文字说明：

房山区2021年高考第一次模拟测试试卷英语本试卷共15页，100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握

其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。WhenIlookbackatthefirsthalfoftheyear.IamamazedbyhowmanychallengesIhavebeenthrough.Thebiggestonewasde

finitelymyhighschoolgraduation____1____.WhenIfirstarrivedinthisCzechRepublicfouryearsago，Iwasjustanormalexchan

ge____2____whospokeonlyEnglish，thenattheendoftheyear-Longexchangeprogram，Icameupwiththeideaof____3____myhighschoolstudiesthere.Atthattime,I

wasonlysixteenanddelightedbymynewfuture.WhatIunderestimatedwasthe____4____ofcompletingschoolintheCzechla

nguage,whichisconsideredtobeoneofthemost____5____languagesintheworld.AsI____6____knowledgeofcertainsubjectsIreceivetheworstmarksandpeoplearoundthewo

rlddoubtedwhetherIcouldgraduate.However,Ipracticedallthetime.Gradually,Icouldcommunicatewithothersfluentlyandmy____7____grew.Thefin

alexamdaycame.Thinkingabouteveryonewhohadhelpedandsupportedmealongmyjourney,Ifelt____8____andconfident.InMay,IreceivednoticethatIhad____9_

___theexam.Atmygraduationceremony,myCzechteachersaidveryproudlyinfrontofeveryone,“Onestudent,sheisfro

mChinawithmerelythreeyearsoflearningCzech,she_____10_____.Shedeservesagoldenfolderforthecertification.”Myjourneythroughhighschoolwa

sfinallyfinished，thoughthejourneyofUniversityisjustabouttobegin，IthinkIamready。1.A.speechB.examC.checkD.ceremony2.A.teacherB.expertC.engi

neerD.student3.A.finishingB.quittingC.investigatingD.assessing.4.A.valueB.abilityC.challengeD.benefit5.A.beautifulB.difficultC.commonD.

Popular6.A.lackedB.gainedC.increasedD.pursued.7.A.desireB.fearC.confidenceD.burden.8.A.botheredB.puzzledC.embracedD.encoura

ged9.A.passedB.ignoredC.avoidedD.missed10.A.gotawayB.brokedownC.madeitD.countdown【答案】1.B2.D3.A4.C5.B6.A7.C8.D9.

A10.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了作者在捷克努力学习，通过考试的故事。【1题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：最大的一次肯定是我的高中毕业考试。A.speech演讲；B.exam考试；C.check检查；D.ceremony典礼。根据前文“Ia

mamazedbyhowmanychallengesIhavebeenthrough.”以及后文“InMay,IreceivednoticethatIhad____9____theexam.”可知，作者最大的挑战是毕业考试。故选B项。【2题详

解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我四年前第一次来到捷克共和国时，我只是一个只会说英语的普通交换生，然后在为期一年的交换项目结束时，我萌生了在那里完成高中学业的想法。A.teacher教师；B.expert专家；C.engineer工程师；D.studen

t学生。根据后文“Icameupwiththeideaof____3____myhighschoolstudiesthere.”可知，作者是个学生。故选D项。【3题详解】考查动名词词义辨析。句意：当我四年前第一次来到捷克共和国时，我只是一个只会说英语的普通交换生

，然后在为期一年的交换项目结束时，我萌生了在那里完成高中学业的想法。A.finishing结束，完成；B.quitting退出，离校；C.investigating调查；D.assessing评估。根据后文“WhatIunderestimatedwasthe

____4____ofcompletingschoolintheCzechlanguage”可知，作者要在那里完成高中学业。故选A项。【4题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：那时，我低估了用捷克语完成学业的挑战，捷克语被认为是世界上最难

的语言之一。A.value价值；B.ability能力；C.challenge挑战；D.benefit利益。根据前文“WhatIunderestimated”和后文“AsI____6____knowledgeofcertainsubjectsIreceivetheworstmarksandpe

oplearoundtheworlddoubtedwhetherIcouldgraduate.”可以推测，对于作者来说，用捷克语完成学业是个挑战。故选C项。【5题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我低估了用捷克语完成学业的挑战，捷克语被认为是世界

上最难的语言之一。A.beautiful美丽的；B.difficult困难的；C.common普通的；D.popular流行的。根据语境和前文的分析以及后文“AsI____6____knowledgeofcertainsubjectsIreceivetheworstmarksandpeo

plearoundtheworlddoubtedwhetherIcouldgraduate.”可以推知，捷克语是世界上最难学的语言之一。故选B项。【6题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于我缺乏某些学科的知识，

所以我的成绩最差，全世界的人都怀疑我能否毕业。A.lacked缺乏；B.gained获得；C.increased增加；D.pursued追求。根据后文“IreceivetheworstmarksandpeoplearoundtheworlddoubtedwhetherIcouldgradua

te.”可知，作者缺乏某些学科的知识，导致成绩差，不知能否毕业。故选A项。【7题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：渐渐地，我可以和别人流利地交流，我的信心也增强了。A.desire欲望；B.fear恐惧；C.confidence信心；D.burden负担。根据前文“Howe

ver,Ipracticedallthetime.”以及“Gradually,Icouldcommunicatewithothersfluently”可知，作者信心增强了，后文“Ifelt____8____andconfident.”也可验证答案。故选C项。【8题详

解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：期末考试的日子到了。想到在我的旅途中帮助和支持我的每一个人，我感受到鼓舞和自信。A.bothered被打扰的；B.puzzled困惑的；C.embraced被拥抱的，被采纳的；D.encouraged受到鼓舞的。根据前文“Thinkingaboutever

yonewhohadhelpedandsupportedmealongmyjourney”可知，作者受到许多支持者、帮助者的鼓舞。故选D项。【9题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：五月份，我收到通知说我通过了考试。A.passed通过(考试等)；B.ignored忽视；C.avoided避免

；D.missed错过。根据后文“Atmygraduationceremony,myCzechteachersaidveryproudlyinfrontofeveryone…”可知，作者收到考试通过的通知。故选A项。【10题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：一

个学生，她来自中国，只学了三年捷克语，就成功了。A.gotaway走开；B.brokedown崩溃；C.madeit成功；D.countdown倒数。根据后文“Shedeservesagoldenfolderforthece

rtification.”可知，作者成功了。故选C项。第二节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。A阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。PandashavebecomeoneofthesymbolsofChina.The

yliveonlyonafewhighanddampmountainsinSouthwestChina,____11____theyfeedmainlyonbambooleavesandshoots.

Everyoneintheworld____12____(agree)thattheyareadorablycute.Theirblackandwhitecolour____13____(see)astheph

ysicalrepresentationofYinandYangandhowthebalancebetweenthetwobringharmonyandpeace.【答案】11.where12.agrees13.isse

en【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。介绍了熊猫已成为中国的象征之一。它们只生活在中国西南部一些高而潮湿的山上，主要以竹叶和竹笋为食。世界上每个人都认为他们是可爱的。它们的黑色和白色被视为阴阳的物理代表，以及阴阳之间的平衡如何带来和谐与和平。【11题详解】考查定语从句。句意：它们只生活在中国西

南部一些高而潮湿的山上，主要以竹叶和竹笋为食。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词afewhighanddampmountains，先行词在从句中作地点状语，故应用关系副词where引导。故填where。【12题详解】考查动词时态。句意：世界上每个人都认为他们是可爱和讨

喜的。根据后文“theyareadorablycute”可知应用一般现在时，主语为不定代词everyone，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填agrees。【13题详解】考查被动语态。句意：它们的黑色和白色被视为阴阳的代表，以及

阴阳之间的平衡如何带来和谐与和平。结合句意表示“被视为……”可知短语为beseenas，陈述客观事实用一般现在时，主语为Theirblackandwhitecolour，谓语动词用单数。故填isseen。B阅读下

面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。CaiZhengjunlosthishearingwhenhewasjustineighteenmonthsold,asaresultofahighfever.____14____(fortunat

e),hisparentslovedhimandsupportedhimasmuchaspossible.Theyweredeterminedtoseetheirsonequippedwiththenecessarylife____

15____(skill)neededtoleadanormallife.Cai,however,didn'tunderstandthesupporttheyprovided.itwasaftermanyyearsthatherealizedwhattheyweretryingtodo.Tod

ay.Cai’srolehaschangedfromasilentobserverinlife____16____asourceofempowermentforhisfellowhearingimpairedpeers.【答案】14.Fortunately15.skil

ls16.into【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。蔡正军18个月大的时候就因为发高烧失去了听力。幸运的是，他的父母爱他，尽可能地支持他。他们决心要让儿子具备过上正常生活所必需的生活技能。然而，蔡并不理解他们提供的支持。多年以后，他才意识到他们想干什么。

今天。蔡的角色已经从生活中的一个沉默的观察者，转变为与他一样听力受损的同龄人的力量源泉。【14题详解】考查副词。句意：幸运的是，他的父母爱他，尽可能地支持他。修饰后文整个句子，作状语，应用副词fortu

nately，句首单词首字母要大写。故填Fortunately。【15题详解】考查名词的数。句意：他们决心要让儿子具备过上正常生活所必需的生活技能。skill为可数名词，结合语境可知此处数量大于一应用复数形式。故填skills。【16题详解】考查介词。句意：蔡的角色已经从生活中的一

个沉默的观察者，转变为与他一样听力受损的同龄人的力量源泉。结合句意表示“转变成……”可知短语为changeinto。故填into。C阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Thangkaisascrollpa

intingwithimages.It’smadeofclothorpaperandcanberolledintoabundleonascroll,____17____(make)iteasytotransport.Thangka____18____(know)as

the“EncyclopediaofTibetanculture”,coversawiderangeoftopics.____19____thecontentandthemesofThangkaarer

ichandvaried,themaincontentistheimageofTibetanfolkcultureandoptday.Undoubtedlythangkaisthe____20____(good)oneofmeansofensuringcivilianeducat

ionfornomadicpeople.【答案】17.making18.known19.Although/though20.best【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了唐卡是由布或纸做成的，还介绍了唐卡的内容和题材。【17题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意

：它是用布或纸做成的，可以卷成一捆放在卷轴上，便于运输。句子已经由谓语动词ismadeof和canberolled，所以动词make要以非谓语的形式出现。非谓语动词make和其逻辑主语bundle是主动关系，应用现在分词作状语。故填making。【18题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：

被誉为“西藏文化百科全书”的唐卡，涉及的话题非常广泛。句子谓语动词为covers，所以动词know要以非谓语形式出现。非谓语动词know和起逻辑主语Thangka是被动关系，应用过去分词作后置定语。故填known。【19题详解】考查状语从句。句意：虽然唐卡的内容和主

题丰富多样，但主要内容是藏族民间文化的形象和选择的日子。根据下文“themaincontentistheimageofTibetanfolkcultureandoptday”可知，虽然唐卡内容主题多样，但是更多还是以藏族民间文化为

主，所以用although/though引导让步状语从句。故填Although/Though。【20题详解】考查最高级。句意：毫无疑问，唐卡是保证游牧民族平民教育的最佳手段之一。根据句意可知，此处表达“唐卡是最佳手段之一”，所以要用最高级。故填best。第二部分：阅读理解

（共两节，38分）第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AExploreNiceinFrance-howcartravelmakesforamemo

rableholiday.AclassicoptiontoexplorethecelebratedcityofFrance,suchasNiceisthroughhardtravel.CruisingthroughtheSouthofFrance,there

aremuseumsandrestaurantstoexperience.Visitingtheseattractionsismostconvenientwithacar.AshiringacarinNicefromtheairportissimple.Onecans

itbackanddrivethroughthewonderfulcountrylandswithoutacareintheworld.ThewestsidehassmallhillswhiletheeastextendstotheMediterraneanSea.Peacefulvineya

rds,quietvillagesatarichlifeawaitsyouifyoudrivethroughthecountryside.RestaurantsThekitchendelightsthatNiceoffersarethecitieschiefattraction.TheCou

rsSaleyamarket,offersfinedelicacieswhilesippingtheProvencalwineisanothersoothingexperience.Overall,Coted’Azurcanbeputasthegastronomiccapi

talofFrance.BeachesBeingalongthecoastline，Niceofferssomereallywarmandrelaxingbeachestoitstouristslinedwithcosyseasideapartmentsa

ndhotels.TipsforHiringaCarChooseacarwhichcaneasilyaccommodateyouandyourfamilywithoutbeingtoobig--Trafficcanbeamajorissueinsomecities.AGPSnavigat

ionsystemaidsintravelingwithoutgettinglostandalsohelpsinsavingtime.Checkwithvariousnumberofcarhirecompaniesforthedifferentpricessothatyoud

onotendupwithanexpensivepackage.TravelingtoFrancehasperhapsbeenonthewishlistsofeverytravel-hungryperson.And

youcanmakeyourtripevenmorememorablebytravelingthroughthecountryinthecar.21.WhatcanbelearnedaboutNicefromthepassage?A.Itislocatedfarfro

mthesea.B.IthasquietvillagesandvineyardsC.ItisnoeasywaytohireacarinNice.D.Itoffersthewarmestbeachtotourists.22.Whenhiringac

arinFrance,youareadvisedto________A.Chooseoneasbigaspossible.B.IgnoretheGPSnavigationsystem.C.Payforyouraccommodationinadvance.D.Checkwith

companiesforreasonableprices.23.Thispassageisintendedfor________A.driversB.travelersC.passengersD.tourguides【答案】21.B22.D23.B【解析】【分析】本文

是应用文，介绍了在法国城市Nice旅游的相关信息和攻略。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据第一自然段“Peacefulvineyards,quietvillagesatarichlifeawaitsyouifyoudrivethroughthecountryside.”

（如果你驾车穿过乡村，宁静的葡萄园、宁静的村庄，丰富的生活正等着你）可知Nice拥有宁静的葡萄园和村庄。故选B项。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据末段“Checkwithvariousnumberofcarhirecompaniesforthedifferen

tpricessothatyoudonotendupwithanexpensivepackage.”（向不同的汽车租赁公司询问租车的价格，这样你可以避免租到高价车。）可知提前问价，货比三家，就能以更合理的价格租到车

。故选D项。【23题详解】推理判断题。全文介绍了在法国城市Nice旅游的攻略，所以是针对游客的一份旅游指南。故选B项。BTheteenageSnowboarder.IwasborninDenver,USA.andstartedsnowboardi

ngagedeightwhenmydadtookmetoaresortinthemountains.AbouttwohoursfromDenver.Thehilllookedunbelievablyst

eepandscary.SoMydadhadtodoalotofpersuadingtogetmeonaboard.BecauseIwassoyoung.Ihadn'teventhoughtofaskinghimifIcould

startsnowboarding?Buthewasalreadyintoitandwantedmetoloveit,too----Hemadeitlooksosimple,andintheendImanagedjustfine.Afterthisexp

erience,itwasn'tlongbeforeI’ddevelopedaloveofsportandhadimprovedmyabilitytoo.Istartedcompetingagedten.Somepeopleentere

dloadsofcompetitionsandendedupgettingboredofsnowboarding.ButmyloveoftakingpartandwinninggotstrongerasIgotolder,whichalwayshelpmetopushmy

selfharder.Ienjoyednothavingafixedplanandsometimesthiswentwell,likewhenIbecamethefirstfemaleevertogetaperfect100atalocalcompetition.Iwasn'tsureI'

devenattemptedthejumpsthatgotmethescoreuntilIactuallysetoff.Thatachievementincreasedmytrustinmyownabilities.DuringthesummerIfocusedontrainingandm

ystudieswhilethere'snosnow.AlthoughItraineddaily,it'snicenothavingtosticktoquiteastrictdietlikeIdidinthewinter.Ialsogottospendlotsoftimewit

hmyfriendsthen.It'sthebestwayofdealingwithnotbeingabletodowhatIlovedsomuchandwhatIwasreallygoodat.Now.Iha

vetothinkcarefullyaboutmyfuture.Snowboardingissuchahugepartofmylifenow.ButIalsofeelit'simportanttohavesomethingelseI

cando.justincaseIdon'tsucceedasaprofessionalsnowboarderorIgetinjured.I'mwonderingwhetherbecomingadoctorisapossibili

ty.ifmyactivelifeallowstimefordoingacollegedegree,it'simpossibletoimaginemyselfgrowingtiredofthesport.ButIcan'tgoonsnowboardingmywholelife.2

4.Howdidtheauthorfeelbeforeherfirstsnowboardingdownahill?A.pleasedB.inspired.C.annoyedD.frightened25.Whathappenedtotheauthoraftertaking

partincompetitions?A.Shelostconfidenceinherownabilities.B.Shedevelopedaninterestinsnowboarding.C.Sheplannedforeverycompetitioncarefull

y.D.Sheendedupgettingboredofsnowboarding.26.Whatcanbeinferredabouttheauthorfromthepassage?A.Shegotinjuredinthelastcompetition..B.Shehadtobeona

strictdietinsummer.C.shemightworkasadoctorinthefuture.D.shewillbealife-longprofessionalSnowboarder.【答案

】24.D25.B26.C【解析】【分析】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了作者的滑雪生涯，从爱上滑雪讲到参加滑雪比赛以及对未来职业的设想。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段的“Thehilllookedunbelievablysteepandscary.SoMydadhadtodoalotofpe

rsuadingtogetmeonaboard.(那座山看上去陡峭得令人难以置信，而且令人害怕。我爸爸费了好大劲才让我上冲浪板。)”可知，作者在第一次滑雪下山之前感觉很害怕。故选D。【25题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段的“Butmyloveoftak

ingpartandwinninggotstrongerasIgotolder,whichalwayshelpmetopushmyselfharder.Ienjoyednothavingafixedplanandsometimesthiswentwell,

likewhenIbecamethefirstfemaleevertogetaperfect100atalocalcompetition.Iwasn'tsureI'devenattemptedthejumpsthatgotmethescoreun

tilIactuallysetoff.Thatachievementincreasedmytrustinmyownabilities.(但随着年龄的增长，我对参与和获胜的热爱越来越强烈，这总是帮助我更努力地推动自己。我喜欢没有一个固定的计划，有时这很顺利，比如当我成为第一个在当地比赛

中获得完美100分的女性。我甚至不确定自己是否尝试过那些让我得分的跳跃，直到我真正开始。这一成就增加了我对自己能力的信任)”可推断，作者参加比赛后，养成了对滑雪的兴趣。故选B。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段的“I'mwonderi

ngwhetherbecomingadoctorisapossibility.(我想知道是否有可能成为一名医生。)”可知，未来作者有可能做医生。故选C。CVideocallsareacommonoccurrence,buthave

youimaginedbeingabletotouchthepersonontheotherendoftheline?Scientistsaremakingthisareality.ResearchersattheUniversityofnewSouthWales,Australiahav

einventedasoftskinstretchdevice(SSD).Ahapticdevicethatcanrecreatethesenseoftouch.Haptictechnologymimicstheexperi

enceoftouchbystimulatinglocalizedareasoftheskininwaysthataresimilartowhatisfeltintherealworld,throughforce,vibrat

ionormotion.Vibrationisthemostcommonhaptictechnologytodayandhasbeenbuiltintomanyelectronicdevicessuchasoneattachedtothebacko

fthetrackpad(触摸板)inlaptops,whichsimulatesabuttonclicking.However,hapticfeedbackwithvibrationbecomeslesssensitivewh

enusedcontinuously.Theexistingtechnologyalsohasgreatdifficultyrecreatingthesenseoftouchwithobjectsinvirtualenvironmentsorlocatedr

emotely.AccordingtoMaiThanhThai,leadauthorofthestudy.Thenewtechnologyovercomesissueswithexistinghapticdevices.Theresearchteamintroducedanovelme

thodtorecreatethesenseoftouchthroughasoftartificial“muscles”.“Ourthree-waydirectionalskinstretchdevice,builtintothefingert

ipsofthewearableglovewealsocreatedislikewearingasecondskin--itssoftstretchableandmimicsthesenseoftouch--andwillenablenewformsofhapticcommun

icationtoenhanceeverydayactivities”saidThanhNhoDo,seniorauthorofthestudy.ImagineyouareathomeandyoucallyourfriendwhoisinAustralia

.YouwearahapticglovewiththeSSDsandyourfriendsalsowearsaglovewithintegrated3Dforcesensors.Ifyourfriendpicksupanobject,itwil

lphysicallypressagainstyourfriend’sfingers.Andtheirglovewith3Dforcesensorswillmeasurewithinteractions.Theforcesignalscanbesenttoyourglovesoyourd

evicewillgeneratethesame3Dforces.Makingyouexperiencethesamesenseoftouchasyourfriend.Thehapticdevicescouldbeappliedinvario

ussituations,allowinguserstofeelobjectsinsideavirtualworldoratadistance.Itcouldalsobeusedinmedicalpractices.Doctorscanfeelapatient'sor

gantissues.Withsurgicaltoolswithouttouchingthem.27.Whatdoesthepassageimply?A.SSDsbecomelesssensitive

whenusedcontinuously.B.SSDscanrecreatethesenseoftouchwithoutvibration.C.SSDshavegreatadvantagesoverexistinghapticdevices.D.SSDscanhelpuserstouch

thepersonthroughvideocalls.28.Paragraph6mainlytellsusabout.________A.Howthedeviceworks.B.Whythedeviceisus

edC.WhatthedevicecreatesD.Howthedeviceisinvented29.HowdoestheauthorthinkoftheprospectofSSDs?A.hopelessB.uncert

ain.C.worrying.D.cheerful.30.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A.Aglovethatcanmeasuresomeinteractions.B.Asensorthatc

animitatetouchatadistance.C.Adevicethatcanrecreatethesenseoftouch.D.Atoolcouldbeappliedinmedicalpractices.【答案】27.B2

8.A29.D30.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍一种可以重现触觉的设备。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Haptictechnologymimicstheexperienceoftouchbystimulatinglocali

zedareasoftheskininwaysthataresimilartowhatisfeltintherealworld,throughforce,vibrationormotion.”（触觉技术通过刺激局部皮肤的方式来模拟触摸的体验，这种

方式类似于在现实世界中通过力量、振动或运动所感受到的感觉。）和第四段的“Thenewtechnologyovercomesissueswithexistinghapticdevices.Theresearchteamintroduce

danovelmethodtorecreatethesenseoftouchthroughasoftartificial“muscles”.”（这种新的技术克服了现有触觉设备存在的问题。小酒小组引进了一个新的方法，通过柔软的人造“肌肉”来重建

触觉）可推知，这篇文章暗示SSDs可以在不振动的情况下重现触觉。故选B。【28题详解】主旨大意题。根据第六段，尤其是“Ifyourfriendpicksupanobject,itwillphysicallypressagainstyourfriend’sfingers.Andtheirg

lovewith3Dforcesensorswillmeasurewithinteractions.Theforcesignalscanbesenttoyourglovesoyourdevicewillgeneratethesame3Dforces.Makin

gyouexperiencethesamesenseoftouchasyourfriend.”（如果你的朋友拿起一个物体，它就会挤压你朋友的手指。他们的手套带有3D力传感器，可以测量相互作用。力信号可以发送到你的手套上，这样你的设备就会产生同样的3D力。让你体验到和你朋友一样的触觉。）可知，

第六段主要告诉我们这个装置是如何工作的。故选A。【29题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Thehapticdevicescouldbeappliedinvarioussituations.allowinguserstofeelobjectsinsideavirtualworldoratadist

ance.Itcouldalsobeusedinmedicalpractices.Doctorscanfeelapatient'sorgantissues.Withsurgicaltoolswithout

touchingthem.”（触觉装置可以应用于各种场合。允许用户在虚拟世界中或在远处感受物体。它也可以用于医疗实践。医生可以感觉到病人的器官组织。用手术工具而不接触它们。）由此可知，作者对SSDs的前景非常乐观。故选D。【30题详解】主旨大意题。纵观全文，尤其根据第二段中

“ResearchersattheUniversityofnewSouthWales,Australiahaveinventedasoftskinstretchdevice(SSD).Ahapticdevicethatcanr

ecreatethesenseoftouch.”（澳大利亚新南威尔士大学的研究人员发明了一种柔软皮肤拉伸设备(SSD)。一种可以重现触觉的触觉设备。）由此可知，本文主要介绍一种可以重现触觉的设备。故选C。DTher

ollingoutof5Gserviceshastriggeredawaveofcompetitionacrosstheworld.Moreimportantly,ithasstartedaracetodevelop6Gasthetele

communicationssectorhasalwaysbeenahotspotforcompetition.Comparedwith5Gtechnology,6Gwillhavelowerlatency,higherspeedandmore

bandwidth.Andthisadvancedtechnologywillhelpconnecttherealworldwithvirtualdigitalworld.Itwillalsomakepro

ductdesignR&D(Researchanddevelopment)andexperimentssignificantlymoreefficientandgreatlyreducetheircostswhilemakingitpossibletoproducedigitalprodu

cts.Inthephysicalworldthroughhigh-tech,including3Dprinting.Theseamlessandintelligentconnectionofthephysicalanddigitalworldswillleadtoathor

oughreconstructionofthedivisionoflaborandsocietalcooperation.Intermsofeconomicdevelopment,3Gfosterede-commercewhile4Gboostede-commerceandmob

ilepayment.5Ginfrastructurebuildingandapplicationmarkedthebeginningofintelligentmanufacturing.Similar

ly,wirelesscognitiontechnologyassociatedwith6Gtechnology,onceitmatures,willfurtherboostthedevelopmentofthedigitaleconomy.Indigital

economy,intelligencebasedonbigdatawillbecometherealforceforinnovationand6Gnetworksnotonlywillbehighw

aysfortransmittingdata,butwillalsomuchmoreseamlesslyintegrateedgeandcorecomputingaspartofacombinedcommunications.Thiswillprovidemanypoten

tialadvantagesas6Gtechnologybecomesoperational,includingaccesstoAIcapabilities.Digitaleconomybasedon6Gwillbecomethedete

rminingfactorofthecountry’scompetitivenessinthefuture,and6Gtechnologywithwirelesscognitionasitsmajorchar

acteristicwillbecomecoretechnologyandmaindriverofthedigitaleconomy.Startingwith5Gourtelecomindustry,thankstoitsextensiveR&Din

put,hastakentheleadinstandardizingandmanufacturing5Gtelecomequipment，thecompetitionin6Gwillstartwiththesettingofstandards,whi

chwilldeterminethelevelofR&Dneededforthelaunchofthetechnologyandthusdecidethemarketshareoftheemergingindustry.AsfarasR&Din5Gtechnolo

gyisconcerned.Wehavealreadyenjoyedtwoadvantages.first,itisagloballeaderinthetelecomsectorandhasasolidreser

veoftalents.Andsecond,ithasarelativelycompleteindustrialchainthatcoversR&Danddesign,manufacturingandapplication.andishometoleading5Gequipmentmaker.R

ecenthistoryshowswhoeverleadsthetelecomtechnologysectorsetsthestandardsfortelecomproductsandservices.andp

laysabiggerroleintheindustry’sfuturedevelopment.Anofficialresearchteamon6Gincludingthegovernment.enterprisesandresearchorganizationshasbeenest

ablishedtoobtaintheadvantageof6Gdevelopmentcompetition.31Whatdoestheunderlinedword“triggered”inparagraph1probab

lymean?A.Putoff.B.Keptoff.C.Calledoff.D.Setoff.32.Whatwilltheconnectionofthephysicalanddigitalworldsresultin?A.Completechangesintheway

ofworkandsocialcooperation.B.Significantreductioninproductdesigncostandworkefficiency.C.Perfectreplacementofthevirtualdigitalworldtotherea

lworld.D.Completedisappearanceofworkandcooperationintherealworld.33.Inthedigitaleconomicdevelopment,6Gtechnologywill________A.Becomecoret

echnologyandmaindriver.B.Markthebeginningofintelligentmanufacturing.C.Promotethegrowthofe-commerceinrealworld.D.Assis

ttheprogressofe-commerceandmobilepayment.34.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A.Shouldwedevelop6Ginthefuture?B.If5Gishere,can6Gbefarbehi

nd?C.Does6Greallyhaveadvantagesover5G?D.Ifdeveloping6Gcanwegetinano-winrace?【答案】31.D32.A33.A34.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，5G服务的推出引发了

全球范围内的一波竞争，它还引发了一场发展6G的竞赛。同时介绍了6G的重要性和必要性以此告诉我们研发6G势在必行。【31题详解】词句猜测题。根据所猜词后的句子“Moreimportantly,ithasstartedaracetodevelop6Gasthetelecommuni

cationssectorhasalwaysbeenahotspotforcompetition.(更重要的是，由于电信行业一直是竞争的热点，它已经开始了一场发展6G的竞赛)”可知，由于5G的竞争从而推动了6G的竞争。由此推知，5G在全球引

起了激烈的竞争。所猜词triggered的意思就是“引起”。A.Putoff.推迟；B.Keptoff.远离；C.Calledoff.取消；D.Setoff.引发。故选D。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Theseamlessa

ndintelligentconnectionofthephysicalanddigitalworldswillleadtoathoroughreconstructionofthedivisionoflaborandsocietalcooperation.(物理世

界和数字世界的无缝和智能连接将导致劳动分工和社会合作的彻底重建)”可知，这种连接会导致劳动分工和社会合作的彻底重建。即工作方式和社会合作方式的彻底改变。故选A。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Digitaleconomybasedon6Gwillbecomethede

terminingfactorofthecountry’scompetitivenessinthefuture,and6Gtechnologywithwirelesscognitionasitsmajorcharacteristicwillbecomecoretechnologya

ndmaindriverofthedigitaleconomy.(基于6G的数字经济将成为未来国家竞争力的决定因素，以无线认知为主要特征的6G技术将成为数字经济的核心技术和主要驱动力)”可知，6G技术将成为数字经济的核心技术和主要驱动力。故选A。【34题详解】主旨大意题。

根据文章第一段最后一句“Moreimportantly,ithasstartedaracetodevelop6Gasthetelecommunicationssectorhasalwaysbeenahotspotforcom

petition.(更重要的是，由于电信行业一直是竞争的热点，它已经开始了一场发展6G的竞赛)”可知，在5G激烈竞争的推动下，6G的竞争也已经开始了。全文讲述了研发6G的重要性和必要性，所以6G研发越快越好。B项If5Gishere,can6Gbefarbehind?(如果5G

已经来了，6G还会远吗？)符合全文大意。故选B。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Craftsmanshiprequiresagreatdealoftime,patiencean

deffort.____35____Traditionallycraftsmendeveloptheirskillsthroughapprenticeshiptothosemastersofthecraftwhocamebefo

rethem.Althoughwedon'toftenworkthatwayinthisdayandage.Therearefewthingsthatwecandotoemulatetheprocess.Practiceeverydaydesignsomethingnew,walkthrough

atutorialworkonapersonalproject.Whateverittakestogettingyouworkingwiththetoolsofyourtradeeachday,themoreyoudosomething,thebetter(andfaster)youbeco

meatdoingit.____36____Learntoacceptcriticismandreactappropriately.Peoplehaveahardtimetakingcriticismoftheirwo

rk.Youputsomucheffortintoapiece.itcanbedifficulttohearthatwhatyouhavedoneisnotgoodenough.____37____criticismisn'tpersonal,youandyourcriticshave

thesamegoal,aqualityproduct.____38____.AsImentionedearlier,thisiswhereallofthedifferenceismade.Atrueartisaniscarefulaboutthedetails.Takethetime

toaddpolishandstyletothesmallthings.Thatcaneasilygooverlooked.Attentivenesstothesedetailsraisesthequalityofour

work.Designforthefuture.Itemsthatexhibitthequalityofcraftsmanshiparetimeless,Theyarebuiltwell,andbuilttolast.____39____Therearealwaysnewfeaturesi

nthesoftwareweuse.Peopledevelopnewtoolsthatgiveusmorepossibilities.Butdespitetheever-changingfaceofthisindustry,itispossi

bletodoworkthathaslongevity.A.Payattentiontothedetails.B.Participateinqualitydiscussion.C.Trendsandcost

umeschangerapidly.D.Buildingqualityreputationsisthekeytobuildingcraftsmanship.E.However,nothingwillhelpyouimprovesomuchasacritic.F.Practiceisthemo

stimportantpartofdevelopingthequalityofcraftsmanship.G.Sobecomingarealartisanrequiresyourcontinuousdevelopmentofyourcraft.【答案】35.G36.F37.E38.A39.

C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了做哪些事情可以帮助工匠提高技能。【35题详解】根据上文“Craftsmanshiprequiresagreatdealoftime,patienceandeffort

.”可知，制作工艺需要大量的时间、耐心和努力。说明工匠要不断的提高自己的技能。G选项“所以成为一个真正的工匠需要你不断的提高你的手艺”切题，与上文为因果关系，agreatdealoftime,patienceandeffort.呼应

continuousdevelopmentofyourcraft.选项也引出下文传统上提高技能的方式。故选G项。【36题详解】根据上文“Whateverittakestogettingyouworkingwit

hthetoolsofyourtradeeachday,themoreyoudosomething,thebetter(andfaster)youbecomeatdoingit.”可知，无论你每天如何使用这些工具，你做的越多，你就会做得越好。F选项“实践是

提高工艺质量的最重要部分”切题。dosomething呼应practice，总结上文说明实践的重要作用。故选F项。【37题详解】上文“Peoplehaveahardtimetakingcriticismoftheirwork.Youputsomuc

heffortintoapiece.itcanbedifficulttohearthatwhatyouhavedoneisnotgoodenough”讲述人们很难接受对他们工作的批评。你花了那么多精力在一件事上。很不

想听到你所做的不好够的评论。下文“criticismisn'tpersonal,youandyourcriticshavethesamegoal,aqualityproduct.”讲述批评不是针对你个人的，你

和你的批评者有相同的目标，一个高质量的产品。所以选项与上文为转折关系且承接下文来说明批评者对于工匠的帮助。故E选项“然而，没有什么比批评家更能帮你进步了”切题。critic是关键词。故选E项。【38题详解】根据下文“Atrueartisaniscarefula

boutthedetails.Takethetimetoaddpolishandstyletothesmallthings.Thatcaneasilygooverlooked.Attentivenesstothesedetailsraisesthequalityofourwork.”

可知，一个真正的工匠对细节很注意。花点时间给这些小东西润色一下并且增加风格。那很容易被忽视。对这些细节的关注提高了我们工作的质量。所以本段主要在说注重细节。故A选项“注重细节”为本段的标题。故选A项。【39题详解】上文“Itemsthatexhibitthequalityofcraftsma

nshiparetimeless,Theyarebuiltwell,andbuilttolast.”讲述展示出工艺质量的物品是永恒的，它们建造得很好，建造得持久。下文“Therearealwaysnewfe

aturesinthesoftwareweuse.”讲述我们使用的软件总是有新的功能。所以选项在说与展示工艺质量的物品相比，很多东西都是在快速变化的。且承接下文。故C选项“潮流和服装变化迅速”正是体现了变化迅速的两个方面。故选C项。第三部分：书面表达（共两节，32分）第一节阅读表达（共4

小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）。阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。Today,technologicaladvancesarerapidlymakingitpossi

bletoautomatemuchoftheworkcurrentlycarriedoutbyhumans.Thisappliestobothblue-collarjobsthroughroboticsandtheInternetofthin

gs,andwhite-collarworkthroughartificialintelligence，thewideapplicabilityofthesetechnologieshasledtobroadconcernaboutthedestructionofjobs.Indeed,acco

rdingtoa2014Oxfordstudy,47%ofjobsintheUScouldbereplaced.Byautomatedprocessesinthenexttwodecades.Ofcourse.Asmanyha

venoted,whiletechnologyhasalwaysremovedtheneedforsometypesofjobs,italsocreatesnewones.Technologyisasetoftoolsthatweuseindi

fferentwaystoincreaseefficiency.TheIndustrialRevolutiondestroyedsomejobsbutcreatedmanymore.Italsoincreasedthetotalwealthofsoc

ietyandbegantocreateamiddleclasswhocouldenjoyhealth,educationandotherbenefitsthatpreviouslyhadbeenav

ailableonlytothewealthiest.Itcanbechallengingtopredictthekindsofjobsthatthisnewrevolutionwillcreateandinwhatquantities,whichmakesthesitu

ationseemworsethanitactuallyis.Butnineofthetoptenmostin-demandjobsof2012didn'texistin2003,suggestingthatthislatestrevolutioniscreatingnewemploymento

pportunities.Formany,thispictureisoverlyoptimistic.Thenewjobsrequireacompletelydifferentskillsset—youc

an'tturnanassemblyplantworkerintoadatascientistovernight.Othersareconcernedthatwearefacingapermanentreductionintheneedforhumanlabor.Sciencefictionh

aslongimaginedafuturewherewenolongerhavetoworkandcanspendourtimeonmorenoblepursuits.Coulditbethatwearereac

hingthatinflectionpointinhumanhistory,ifweare?Neitheroursocialnormsnoroureconomicsystemsarereadyforit.Today,self-worthisinher

entlytiedupwithjobs，professions，careersandtrades.40.Howiswhite-collarworkautomatedbytechnology?41.Whatistechnologyaccordingtothepassage?42.Pleasedec

idewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.Itisobviouslyoptimistictopredictthetypesandquantitiesofjobsthatthi

snewrevolutionwillcreate..43.Pleasebrieflypresentthebenefitsthattechnologicaladvancesbringtoyou.(about40words)【答

案】40.Throughartificialintelligence.41.Technologyisasetoftoolsthatweuseindifferentwaystoincreaseefficiency.42.Itisobvious

lyoptimistictopredictthetypesandquantitiesofjobsthatthisnewrevolutionwillcreate.Accordingtothepassage,itcanbechalle

ngingtopredictthekindsofjobsthatthisnewrevolutionwillcreateandinwhatquantities,whichmakesthesituationseemworsethanitactuallyis.43.Withthedevelo

pmentofInternet,plentyofdigitalresourcesareavailabletome.Everythingisatthetouchofafingertip,soIcaneasilyandqui

cklyaccesswhateverIaminterestedinandexpandmymindsbyimmersingmyselfinhighqualityresources.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍技术的进步使实现自动化成为可能。技术的进步消除了对某些类型

工作的需求，同时也创造了新的工作。【40题详解】考查细节理解。根据文章第一段中“...makingitpossibletoautomatemuchoftheworkcurrentlycarriedoutbyhumans.Thisapplie

stobothblue-collarjobsthroughroboticsandtheInternetofthings,andwhite-collarworkthroughartificialintelligence.（这使由人类完成的

工作实现自动化成为可能。这既适用于通过机器人和物联网实现的蓝领工作，也适用于通过人工智能实现的白领工作。）”可知，今天的科技是通过人工智能使白领工作实现自动化。故答案为Throughartificial

intelligence.。【41题详解】考查细节理解。根据文章第二段中“Technologyisasetoftoolsthatweuseindifferentwaystoincreaseefficiency.”可知，科技是我们用不同的方法来提高效率的

工具。故答案为Technologyisasetoftoolsthatweuseindifferentwaystoincreaseefficiency.。【42题详解】考查推理判断。文章第二段中提到“Itca

nbechallengingtopredictthekindsofjobsthatthisnewrevolutionwillcreateandinwhatquantities,whichmakesthesituationseemworsethanitac

tuallyis.（要预测这场新革命将创造什么样的工作机会，以及创造多少工作机会是具有挑战性的。这使得情况看起来比实际情况更糟。）”。根据“Itcanbechallenging…”可以推断，“Itisobviouslyoptimistic…（这显然是很乐观的……）”是不正确的。故答案为Itiso

bviouslyoptimistictopredictthetypesandquantitiesofjobsthatthisnewrevolutionwillcreate./Accordingtothepassage,itcanbechalleng

ingtopredictthekindsofjobsthatthisnewrevolutionwillcreateandinwhatquantities,whichmakesthesituationseemworsethanitactuallyis.。【43题详解】本题为主观题，答

案不唯一。题目要求简要介绍技术进步带来的好处，可以介绍网络的发展给我们生活带来便利的一方面，比如我们很容易就可以获得大量的数字资源。故答案为WiththedevelopmentofInternet,plent

yofdigitalresourcesareavailabletome.Everythingisatthetouchofafingertip,soIcaneasilyandquicklyaccesswhateverIareinterested

inandexpandmymindsbyimmersingmyselfinhighqualityresources.。第二节（20分）44.假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Jim发来邮件表示对中国农历牛年感兴趣，请你回封邮件给他，内容包括：1.简要说说“牛年”2.简要阐述“牛精神”

参考词汇：牛ox注意：1.词数100左右；2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。DearJim,______________________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua【答案】DearJim,HowdelightedIwaswhenIreceivedyouremail,inwhi

chyouexpressedyoureagernessfortheknowledgeoftheChineseLunarNewYear.I'mwritingtosharewithyousomeinformationaboutit.Ch

ineselunarcalendarconsistsofcyclesof12animalseachofwhichrepresentsoneyear.Theyarerat,ox,tiger,rabbit,dragon,snake,horse,goat,mon

key,rooster,dogandpigrespectively.Oxtakesthesecondplaceinthecycleand2021istheyearoftheox.Notonlydoesoxsymbolizeperseverance,resilienceandloyalty,buti

tremindsusofstrengthandquietness.ItiswiththespiritoftheoxthatweChinesepeoplehaveaccomplishedmoreincombatingCovid-19.Ihopewebo

thliveasquietandfulfillingalifeasanox.Yours,LiHua【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给美国笔友Jim写封信，介绍中国农历牛年。【详解】1.词汇积累包含：inc

lude→consistof分别：separately→respectively令人满意的：satisfying→fulfilling战斗：fightagainst=combat2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：I'mwritingtosharewithyousomeinformationabo

utit.拓展句：ThereasonwhyI'mwritingtoyouisthatIwouldliketosharesomeinformationwithyouaboutit.【点睛】[高分句型1]Itiswi

ththespiritoftheoxthatweChinesepeoplehaveaccomplishedmoreincombatingCovid-19.(运用了强调句)[高分句型2]Notonlydoesoxsymbolizeperseverance,resiliencea

ndloyalty,butitremindsusofstrengthandquietness.(运用了部分倒装)