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练习58阅读理解＋读后续写Ⅰ.阅读理解A2022·全国乙卷说明文300词★★★★☆TheGovernment'ssugartaxonsoftdrinkshasbroughtinhalfasmuchmoneyasMinistersfirstpredic

teditwouldgenerate,thefirstofficialdataonthepolicyhasshown.FirstannouncedinApril,2016,thetaxwhichappliestosoftd

rinkscontainingmorethan5gofsugarper100ml,wasintroducedtohelpreducechildhoodobesity(肥胖).Itisbelievedt

hattoday'schildrenandteenagersareconsumingthreetimestherecommendedlevelofsugar,puttingthematahigherriskofthedisease.Initiallythesugartaxwasexp

ectedtomake￡520mayearfortheTreasury.However,dataofthefirstsixmonthsshoweditwouldmakelessthanhalfthisamount.Atpresenti

tisexpectedtogenerate￡240mfortheyearendinginApril2019,whichwillgotoschoolsports.Itcomesaftermorethanhalfofsoftdrinkssoldinshopshavehadtheir

sugarlevelscutbymanufacturers(制造商)sotheycanavoidpayingthetax.Drinksnowcontain45millionfewerkilosofsugarasaresultofmanufacturers'effor

tstoavoidthecharge,accordingtoTreasuryfigures.SinceAprildrinkscompanieshavebeenforcedtopaybetween18pand24pforever

ylitreofsugarydrinktheyproduceorimport,dependingonthesugarcontent.However,somehighsugarbrands,likeClassicCocaCola,haveacceptedthe

sugartaxandarerefusingtochangeforfearofupsettingconsumers.Fruitjuices,milk­baseddrinksandmostalcoholicdrinksarefreeofthetax,asaresmallcompaniesmanufa

cturingfewerthan1mlitresperyear.Today'sfigures,accordingtoonegovernmentofficial,showthepositiveinfluencethesuga

rtaxishavingbyraisingmillionsofpoundsforsportsfacilities(设施)andhealthiereatinginschools.Helpingthenextgenerationtohaveahealthyandactive

childhoodisofgreatimportance,andtheindustryisplayingitspart.1．Whywasthesugartaxintroduced?A．Tocollectmoneyforschools.B．Toimprovethequality

ofdrinks.C．Toprotectchildren'shealth.D．Toencourageresearchineducation.2．Howdidsomedrinkscompaniesrespondtothesugartax?A

．Theyturnedtooverseasmarkets.B．Theyraisedthepricesoftheirproducts.C．Theycutdownontheirproduction.D．Ther

educedtheirproducts'sugarcontent.3．Fromwhichofthefollowingisthesugartaxcollected?A．Mostalcoholicdrinks.B

．Milk­baseddrinks.C．Fruitjuices.D．ClassicCoke.4．Whatcanbeinferredabouttheadoptionofthesugartaxpolicy?A．Itisashort­s

ighteddecision.B．Itisasuccessstory.C．Itbenefitsmanufacturers.D．Itupsetscustomers.B2022·全国乙卷说明文307词★★★★☆Canasmallgroupofdrones(无人机)guaranteethesafet

yandreliabilityofrailwaysand,atthesametime,helprailwayoperatorssavebillionsofeuroseachyear?Thatistheverylikel

yfutureofapplyingtoday's“eyesinthesky”technologytomakingsurethatthemillionsofkilometresofrailtracksan

dinfrastructure(基础设施)worldwidearesafefortrainsona24/7basis.Dronesarealreadybeingusedtoexaminehigh­tensionelectricallines.Th

eycoulddopreciselythesamethingtoinspectrailwaylinesandothervitalaspectsofrailinfrastructuresuchasthecorrectposit

ionofrailwaytracksandswitchingpoints.Themoreregularlytheycanbeinspected,themorerailwaysafety,reliabilityandon­timeperformancewillbeimprov

ed.Costswouldbecutandoperationswouldbemoreefficient(高效)acrosstheboard.Thatincludeshugesavingsinmaintenancecostsandbetterpr

otectionofrailwaypersonnelsafety.ItiscalculatedthatEuropeanrailwaysalonespendapproximately20billioneurosayearonmaintenance

,includingsendingmaintenancestaff,oftenatnight,toinspectandrepairtherailinfrastructure.Thatcanbedangerousworkthatcouldbeavoid

edwithdronesassistingthecrews'efforts.Byusingthelatesttechnologies,dronescouldalsostartprovidinghigher­valueservices

forrailways,detectingfaultsintherailorswitches,beforetheycancauseanysafetyproblems.Toperformthesetasks,dronesforraildon'tneed

tobeflyingoverhead.Engineersarenowworkingonanewconcept:theraildronesofthefuture.Theywillbemovingonthetrackaheado

fthetrain,andprogrammedtorunautonomously.VerysmalldroneswithadvancedsensorsandAIandtravellingaheadofthetraincouldguideitli

keaco­pilot.Withtheirabilitytoseeahead,theycouldsignalanyproblem,sothatfast­movingtrainswouldbeabletoreactintime.5．Whatmak

estheapplicationofdronestoraillinespossible?A.Theuseofdronesincheckingonpowerlines.B．Drones'abilitytoworkathighaltitudes.C．Ther

eductionofcostindesigningdrones.D．Drones'reliableperformanceinremoteareas.6．Whatdoes“maintenance”underlinedinparagraph3referto?A．Personnelsafety.B．

Assistancefromdrones.C．Inspectionandrepair.D．Constructionofinfrastructure.7．Whatfunctionisexpectedoftheraildrones?A．Toprov

ideearlywarning.B．Tomaketrainsrunautomatically.C．Toearnprofitsforthecrews.D．Toacceleratetransportation.8．Whichisthemos

tsuitabletitleforthetext?A．WhatFaultsCanBeDetectedwithDronesB．HowProductionofDronesCanBeExpandedC．WhatDifficultyDroneDevelopmentWillFaceD．HowDro

nesWillChangetheFutureofRailwaysⅡ.读后续写[2022·烟台市高考诊断性测试]阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。AnanxiouscallcameintoJimmyGilleece'sbar.Ane

wlymarriedwoman,whohadspenttheafternoonatthebar,couldn'tfindherwallet.Shedidn'tcareaboutherID,creditcards,or$150incash—butherweddingringwasinside

.Gilleecedidn'tliketheideathatatheftcouldhaveoccurredathisplace.Sohesetouttolookforthewallet.Hespenthoursloo

kingthroughsecuritycameravideos,watchingthewoman'severystepinthebaruntilshewenttositonabenchoutsideandleftwhenherridearrived.Withinminute

s,ayoungmanapproachedthebench,slippedsomethingintohispocket,andwalkedoff.Gilleecepostedaclip(片断)onthebar'swebsite.“Ididn'twan

ttopunishhim，”hesaid.“Ijustaskedifanybodyknewwhotheguywas.”Withinhours,Gilleecegotatextfrom17­year­oldPrather,w

hoadmittedhavingtakenthewalletandtoldGilleecehe'ddoneitbecausehehadn'teatenintwodays.Hesaidhesawtheringb

utthoughtitwasfake(假的),sohetookthemoneyandthrewthewalletoffthedock(码头)intotheocean.Thenheboughtasandwich.Gilleece,unsurewhetherhebelievedP

rather,toldtheteentomeethimatthedock,wheretheygottalkingandPratherrevealedthathewasn'tgettingalongwithhisfamilyandhadbeenlivinginthe

woodsforaweek.JudgingfromPrather'ssmallbodyandredcheeks,Gilleecesawhimforwhathewas:moreofakidthanacriminal.Butthepolicewere

alreadyonthecase,andbecauseofthemissingring,Prathercouldbefacingcharges.“Hewouldbegoingtobigboyprison.Ihavetohelph

imsomehow，”Gilleecethought.注意：1．续写词数应为150左右；2．请按如下格式作答。GilleecepaidtwodiverstosearchthewaterswherePratherhadth

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____________________________________________________________________________答题策略语法填空——词语辨析常见词语辨析①many修饰或代替可数名词复数；much修饰或代替不可数名词②

“时间段＋ago”相对现在多久以前；“时间段＋before”相对过去多久以前③some用于肯定句；any用于疑问句和否定句④so与very均可修饰形容词或副词的原级，much多修饰比较级，verymuch修饰动词

⑤ever“从来，在任何时候，曾经”；never“从来不”⑥latest为形容词，意为“最新的”；later作副词表示“较晚地；后来”，与表示时间的词连用，表示“……之后”⑦beside为介词，表示“在……旁边”；besides为副词，表示“除此以外(还)

”⑧usedtodosth.“过去常常做某事”；beusedtodoingsth.“习惯于做某事”⑨no相当于nota或notany；not否定动词