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考点强化练18(必修4Unit3)考点强化练第35页Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2018·浙江“七彩阳光”联盟检测)Startinginthe4thcenturyBC,merchantsintheWestexcha

ngedsilkforgold,horsesorpreciousstones.UptothefrontiersoftheRomanEmpire,silkbecameamonetarystandardf

orestimatingthevalueofdifferentproducts.HellenisticGreeceappreciatedthehighqualityofChinesesilkandmadeeffort

stoplantmulberrytrees(桑树)andbreedsilkworms.AccordingtoastorybyProcopius,itwasnotuntil552ADthattheByzantineemperorJustinianob

tainedthefirstsilkwormeggs.HehadsenttwoNestorianmonkstoCentralAsia,andtheywereabletosmuggle(偷运)silkwo

rmeggsbyhidingtheeggsinbamboos.TheByzantinechurchwasthusabletomakesilkfortheemperor,withtheintentionofdevelopingal

argesilkindustryintheEasternRomanEmpire,usingtechniqueslearnedfromtheSassanids(萨珊王朝).Buttheempirecontinuedtoimportsilkfromothermajorurbancenters

.Themagnificence(精湛)oftheByzantinetechniqueswasnotaresultofthemanufacturingprocess,butthemeticulous(

细心的)attentionpaidtothedecorations.TheArabs,withtheirwideninglandthathadbeenconqueredinwar,spreadsericulture(养

蚕业)acrosstheshoresoftheMediterranean.IncludedinthesewereAfrica,SpainandSicily,allofwhichdevelopedanimportantsilkindustry.The

mutualinteractionsamongByzantineandArabiansilk-weavingcentersofalllevelsofquality,withimitationsmadeinAndalusiaandLucca,amongothercities,hadmadethei

dentificationanddateofraresurvivingexamplesdifficulttocheck.WhiletheChineselosttheircontroloversilkproduction

,theywereabletore-establishthemselvesasmajorsilksupplier(duringtheTangdynasty)andindustrializetheirproductioninalargescale

(duringtheSongdynasty).Chinacontinuedtoexporthigh-qualitysilktoEuropeandtheNearEastalongtheSilkRoad.【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了中国丝绸传到欧洲一些国

家的历史以及丝绸业在这些国家的发展。1.Paragraph1intendstostress.A.thespreadofsilkintheWestB.thehighqualityofChinesesilkC.thepopu

larityofsilkintheWestD.theeffortsofGreekstoproducesilk答案C解析推理判断题。综合第一段的内容可知,西方国家的商人用丝绸交换黄金、马匹或宝石,在通往罗马帝国的边境上,丝绸成了估计不同产品价值的货币标

准。由此可推知,第一段主要是说明丝绸在西方一些国家的受欢迎程度。2.WhatwasthenotablefeatureofByzantinesilkproducts?A.Theyweresoldtoothercities.B.Theyhadbeautifuldecorations.C

.Theyusedhigh-qualitymaterials.D.Theystressedmanufacturingprocess.答案B解析推理判断题。由第二段的最后一句可知,拜占庭技术的精湛并不是制造加工的结果,而是极其重视装饰细节的结果。由此可推

知,拜占庭丝绸制品的突出特点在于其精美的装饰。3.WecanconcludefromParagraph3thatthespreadofArabs’land.A.stoppedthespreadofsericultureB.protectedtherares

urvivingByzantinesilkC.hadanegativeeffectonByzantinesilkindustryD.promotedthetechnologicalexchangeonsilkproduction答案D解析推理判断题。由第三段的第三句可知,拜占庭和阿拉伯各种质量的

织丝中心彼此影响,这使得极少幸存下来的样品鉴定和日期很难准确描述。由此可推知,阿拉伯征服多地,促进了丝绸业的传播,也加强了丝绸生产的技术交流。4.DuringtheTangdynasty,Chinamainlyservedasa.A.silkexporterB.silkclothesm

akerC.reformerinsilkproductiontechniquesD.controllerofsilkproductiontechniques答案A解析细节理解题。由最后一段的第一句可知,中国人虽然失去了丝绸生产的垄断地位,但他们把自己重新建立成为

唐朝期间主要的丝绸供应商。B(2018·浙江)Themostwelcomesightonacold,wetwinternightinLondonisthefamiliarshapeofaLondontaxicabapproachin

gwithitsyellow“forhire”signshiningbrightly.Thatshowsitisreadytopickyouup.TravellingbytaxiinLondonisnotjustawayofgoingfromoneplacetoano

ther.Itisanexperiencetobeenjoyedandremembered.Themainreasonforthisisthedrivers,whoarecalled“cabbies.”ManyofthemaretrueCockneys.Thismeansth

eywerebornintheheartofLondonandspeaktheirownspecialdialect(方言)ofEnglish.Allofthemknoweverystreetandfamousbuildingint

hecity,andallofthemlovetotalk.Asimpletwenty-minutejourneyacrosstowncanbecomeveryinteresting.Youmayhaveadi

scussionaboutthegovernmentanditsleadersorafriendlytalkaboutthedriver’sAuntyNellie!Onethingisforsure,i

twillneverbeboring.Cabbiesknowallthelatestnewsaboutfilmstars,theRoyalFamily,governmentleaders,andpopularsinger

soractorsandactresses.Theyalsoknowthebestplacestoeat,shopandrelax.Andtheycantakeyoustraighttoanylargehotel,departmen

tstore,theatreormuseum.Theyknowtheshortestwaypossiblewithoutevenlookingatamap,becauseeveryonewhowantstobecomeataxidriverm

ustpassaverydifficultexaminationinordertogetalicensetodriveataxi.Theexamiscalled“TheKnowledge.”Itisawritte

ntest,andinitdriversareaskedtheshortestwayfromoneplacetoanother.Theymusttakeintoaccountthetimeofday—inrushhour,alongerroute(路线)maybequicker—anddesc

ribethebestway.Moreovertheymustneverforgettheone-waystreets!【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了英国伦敦的出租车和出租车司机。5.FromwhatcanwetellthatsomeoneisaCockney?A

.Theirinterest.B.Theirmanners.C.Theirspeech.D.Theirappearance.答案C解析细节理解题。根据第二段“ManyofthemaretrueCockneys.Thismeansthey...speaktheirownspecialdialec

t(方言)ofEnglish”可知,根据他们的口音可以判断出来,他们是地道的伦敦人。此处Cockney表示“伦敦腔、地道伦敦人”的含义,所以选C项。6.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestbymentioning“AuntyNellie”inp

aragraph2?A.Passengersarefullofcuriosity.B.Cabbies’topicsarewide-ranging.C.AuntyNellieispopularinLondon.D.Londonersarefri

endlytoeachother.答案B解析推理判断题。根据第二段“Youmayhaveadiscussion...AuntyNeille!”推断可知,这些伦敦出租车驾驶员的聊天话题非常广泛,从政治话题,到自己个人的

家长里短(如娜丽婶婶等),无所不包,故可知他们的话题非常广泛,所以选B项。7.Whatisthepurposeof“TheKnowledge”?A.Toqualifyonetodriveataxi.B.Toasses

sone’sdrivingskills.C.Totestdrivers’abilitytowrite.D.Tochecktaxidrivers’memory.答案A解析推理判断题。根据最后一段“...mustpassaveryd

ifficultexamination...Itisawrittentest,andinitdrivers...”可知,要想成为一名伦敦的出租车驾驶员,必须要通过各种艰难的考试,包括如何走近路等等,而通过了这种被称为“知识”考试的人,才有资

格成为一名驾驶员,由此知这样做的目的是资格认证,故选A项。Ⅱ.七选五(2018·浙江宁波5月模考)Ifsomethingthatyou’redoingdoesn’tchallengeyou,thenitdoesn’tchangeyou.Weallneedsomenormal

stressinourlives,afterall.1Sochallengethefollowinglimits:•Figureoutwhatyou’rescaredofanddoitcontinuously.Ifyou’reasalesman,andyou’rescare

doftalkingtopeoplepersonallyoroverthephone,now,insteadofbeingscaredandthinkingyou’llfail,spendatleastfiveminutesadaytopickupthephonean

dmakeacall.2Butdon’tstoponthefirsttry!Eventually,youcanlookatfearintheeyesandsay,“Goon.I’mnotscared!”•3Makesurethishobbyisnotlin

kedtoyourcareer;youhavetorelaxandrelieveyourstresswhileperformingthis.Someexamplesmightbecooking,sewing,paintingandsoon.Apartfromhelpingyouchalleng

eyourself,takingaclassforyourhobbymayalsogiveyouextraincome.•Setasideatleastnineminutesadayforphysicalexercise.4Asimpl

e9-minuterunaroundyourneighborhoodcandowondersforyourself.Exercisecannotonlyhelpyoumaintainyourregularweight,butalsomakeyoufeelbette

raboutyourself.•Travelandallowyourselftobeinterestedinnewpeople.Don’tjustlimityourselftoyourfellowtravelers—trytoconnectwi

ththeservicestaff.Youneverknowwhatkindofpeoplethey’regoingtobe.Getoutofyourhouseorgoonlinerightnowtobookyourclass.5A.Youshoulddoitcontinuously.B.Some

onemayhanguponyou.C.Youdon’tneedtogotothegym.D.Runninginthegymmaybeabetterchoice.E.Starttotravelnowandlearntochal

lengeyourself.F.Takeaclassforahobbyyou’vebeenwantingtodevelop.G.Youcanneverseeanyimprovementifyousticktoyourcomfortzone.答案与解析【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明

文。文章介绍了四种方法来帮助人们走出舒适区,挑战自我,从而实现自我提升。1.G此处承接上下文。上文提到我们都需要一定的压力,此处对该观点进行了进一步的阐述:如果你一直呆在你的舒适区里,你将不会有任何的进步。故G项符合文意。2.B选项中的“hanguponyou(挂掉电话

)”与上文中的“pickupthephoneandmakeacall(打电话)”相一致,故B项符合文意。3.F此处为小标题,根据下文内容,尤其是“thishobby”可推知,此处与hobby有关,故F项符合文意。4.C此处紧接下文。你不必去健身房锻炼,绕着周边进行简单的跑步就可以产生奇迹般

的效果了。故C项符合文意。5.E根据上文可知,本段内容主要是关于travel(旅游),故E项“Starttotravelnowandlearntochallengeyourself.”符合文意。Ⅲ.语篇填空(2018·浙江)FewpeopleIknowseemtohav

emuchdesireortimetocook.MakingChinese1.(dish)isseenasespeciallytroublesome.Manywesterners2.cometoChinacook

muchlessthanintheirowncountriesoncetheyrealizehowcheap3.canbetoeatout.Istillremember4.(visit)afriendwho’dlivedhereforfiveyearsandI5.(shock)whenIlea

rntshehadn’tcookedonceinallthattime.Whileregularlyeatingoutseemsto6.(become)commonformanyyoungpeopleinrecentyears,it’snotwithoutacost.Theobviouson

eismoney;eatingoutonceortwiceaweekmaybe7.(afford)butdoingthismostdaysaddsup.Therecouldbeaneven8.(high)costonyourhealth.Researchershavefo

undthatthereisadirectlinkbetweentheincreaseinfoodeatenoutsidethehomeandtherisein9.(weigh)problems.Ifyouarenotgoingtosufferthisproblem

,thenIsuggestthatthenexttimeyougotoyourmum’shome10.dinner,getafewcookingtipsfromher.Cookingfoodcanbefun.Youmightals

obegintonoticetheeffectsnotonlyonyourhealthbutinyourpocket.答案与解析【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。现在几乎很少有人有欲望或有时间做饭,作者建议:在家里自己做饭,这样不仅可以节省开支,而且还吃得健康。1

.dishes考查名词。根据空前的“MakingChinese”可知,其后应该接名词的复数形式,故dish需要用其复数形式dishes。2.who/that考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,空处引导定语从句,且在从句中做主语,修

饰先行词“Manywesterners”,指代人,故填who或that。3.it考查代词。分析句子结构可知,此处it做形式主语,而真正的主语是toeatout,故填it。4.visiting考查非谓语动词。

根据句意可知,此处意为“我仍然记得曾经拜访过一个朋友……”。rememberdoingsth.是固定搭配,意为“记得已经做过某事”,故填visiting。5.wasshocked考查动词的时态和语态。

根据句意可知,“我”的朋友在这居住了五年,竟然一次饭也没自己做过,“我”被震惊到了,因此,空处用被动语态,又因为此处叙述的是过去的事情,故用一般过去时的被动语态。6.havebecome考查动词的时态。根据该句中的时间状语“inrecentyears”可知,此处应

用现在完成时,且位于“seemsto”的后面,故填havebecome。7.affordable考查形容词。该句中be是连系动词,后面要接形容词做表语。afford的形容词形式是affordable,故填affordable。8.higher考查形容

词的比较级。根据前面的even可知,所填的词要用比较级。high的比较级是higher,故填higher。9.weight考查名词。空前的in为介词,后面应该用名词形式,此处名词短语weightproblems意为“体重

问题”。故填weight。10.for考查介词。fordinner为固定搭配,句意为“下次去妈妈家吃饭的时候,记得向她学习一些烹饪技巧”。故填for。