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考点强化练18(必修4Unit3)考点强化练第35页Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2018·浙江“七彩阳光”联盟检测)Startinginthe4thcenturyBC,merchantsintheWestexchangedsilkforgold,horsesorpreciousstones.

UptothefrontiersoftheRomanEmpire,silkbecameamonetarystandardforestimatingthevalueofdifferentproducts.HellenisticGreeceappreciatedthehighqualityof

Chinesesilkandmadeeffortstoplantmulberrytrees(桑树)andbreedsilkworms.AccordingtoastorybyProcopius,itwasnotuntil552ADthattheByz

antineemperorJustinianobtainedthefirstsilkwormeggs.HehadsenttwoNestorianmonkstoCentralAsia,andtheywereabletosmuggle(偷运)silkwormeggsbyhiding

theeggsinbamboos.TheByzantinechurchwasthusabletomakesilkfortheemperor,withtheintentionofdevelopingalargesilkin

dustryintheEasternRomanEmpire,usingtechniqueslearnedfromtheSassanids(萨珊王朝).Buttheempirecontinuedtoimportsilk

fromothermajorurbancenters.Themagnificence(精湛)oftheByzantinetechniqueswasnotaresultofthemanufacturingprocess,butthemeticulou

s(细心的)attentionpaidtothedecorations.TheArabs,withtheirwideninglandthathadbeenconqueredinwar,spreadsericulture(养蚕业)acrosstheshoresoftheMediterrane

an.IncludedinthesewereAfrica,SpainandSicily,allofwhichdevelopedanimportantsilkindustry.ThemutualinteractionsamongByzantineandArabiansilk-weav

ingcentersofalllevelsofquality,withimitationsmadeinAndalusiaandLucca,amongothercities,hadmadetheidentificationanddateofraresurvivingexamplesdi

fficulttocheck.WhiletheChineselosttheircontroloversilkproduction,theywereabletore-establishthemselvesasmajorsilksupplier(duri

ngtheTangdynasty)andindustrializetheirproductioninalargescale(duringtheSongdynasty).Chinacontinuedtoexporthigh-qualitysilktoEuropeandtheNe

arEastalongtheSilkRoad.【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了中国丝绸传到欧洲一些国家的历史以及丝绸业在这些国家的发展。1.Paragraph1intendstostress.A.thespreadofsilkintheWestB.thehighq

ualityofChinesesilkC.thepopularityofsilkintheWestD.theeffortsofGreekstoproducesilk答案C解析推理判断题。综合第一段的内容可知,西方国家的商人用丝绸交换黄金、马匹或宝石,在通往罗马帝国的边

境上,丝绸成了估计不同产品价值的货币标准。由此可推知,第一段主要是说明丝绸在西方一些国家的受欢迎程度。2.WhatwasthenotablefeatureofByzantinesilkproducts?A.Theyweresoldtoothercities.B.Th

eyhadbeautifuldecorations.C.Theyusedhigh-qualitymaterials.D.Theystressedmanufacturingprocess.答案B解析推理判断题。由第二段的最后一句可知,拜占庭技术的精湛并不是制造加工的结果,而是极其重视装饰

细节的结果。由此可推知,拜占庭丝绸制品的突出特点在于其精美的装饰。3.WecanconcludefromParagraph3thatthespreadofArabs’land.A.stoppedthespreadofsericultu

reB.protectedtheraresurvivingByzantinesilkC.hadanegativeeffectonByzantinesilkindustryD.promotedthetechn

ologicalexchangeonsilkproduction答案D解析推理判断题。由第三段的第三句可知,拜占庭和阿拉伯各种质量的织丝中心彼此影响,这使得极少幸存下来的样品鉴定和日期很难准确描述。由此可

推知,阿拉伯征服多地,促进了丝绸业的传播,也加强了丝绸生产的技术交流。4.DuringtheTangdynasty,Chinamainlyservedasa.A.silkexporterB.silkclothesmakerC.reformerin

silkproductiontechniquesD.controllerofsilkproductiontechniques答案A解析细节理解题。由最后一段的第一句可知,中国人虽然失去了丝绸生产的垄断地位,但他们把自己重新建立成为唐朝期间主要的丝绸供应商。B(2018·浙江)Th

emostwelcomesightonacold,wetwinternightinLondonisthefamiliarshapeofaLondontaxicabapproachingwithitsyellow“forhire”signshiningbr

ightly.Thatshowsitisreadytopickyouup.TravellingbytaxiinLondonisnotjustawayofgoingfromoneplacetoanother.Itisanexperiencetobee

njoyedandremembered.Themainreasonforthisisthedrivers,whoarecalled“cabbies.”ManyofthemaretrueCockneys.ThismeanstheywerebornintheheartofLondo

nandspeaktheirownspecialdialect(方言)ofEnglish.Allofthemknoweverystreetandfamousbuildinginthecity,andallof

themlovetotalk.Asimpletwenty-minutejourneyacrosstowncanbecomeveryinteresting.Youmayhaveadiscussionabout

thegovernmentanditsleadersorafriendlytalkaboutthedriver’sAuntyNellie!Onethingisforsure,itwillneverbeboring.Ca

bbiesknowallthelatestnewsaboutfilmstars,theRoyalFamily,governmentleaders,andpopularsingersoractorsandactresses.Theyalsoknowthebestplacesto

eat,shopandrelax.Andtheycantakeyoustraighttoanylargehotel,departmentstore,theatreormuseum.Theyknowtheshortestwaypos

siblewithoutevenlookingatamap,becauseeveryonewhowantstobecomeataxidrivermustpassaverydifficultexaminationinorde

rtogetalicensetodriveataxi.Theexamiscalled“TheKnowledge.”Itisawrittentest,andinitdriversareaskedtheshortestwayfromoneplacetoa

nother.Theymusttakeintoaccountthetimeofday—inrushhour,alongerroute(路线)maybequicker—anddescribethebestway.Moreoverthe

ymustneverforgettheone-waystreets!【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了英国伦敦的出租车和出租车司机。5.FromwhatcanwetellthatsomeoneisaCockney?A.Theirinterest.B.Th

eirmanners.C.Theirspeech.D.Theirappearance.答案C解析细节理解题。根据第二段“ManyofthemaretrueCockneys.Thismeansthey...speak

theirownspecialdialect(方言)ofEnglish”可知,根据他们的口音可以判断出来,他们是地道的伦敦人。此处Cockney表示“伦敦腔、地道伦敦人”的含义,所以选C项。6.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestb

ymentioning“AuntyNellie”inparagraph2?A.Passengersarefullofcuriosity.B.Cabbies’topicsarewide-ranging.C.AuntyNellieispop

ularinLondon.D.Londonersarefriendlytoeachother.答案B解析推理判断题。根据第二段“Youmayhaveadiscussion...AuntyNeille!”推断可知,这

些伦敦出租车驾驶员的聊天话题非常广泛,从政治话题,到自己个人的家长里短(如娜丽婶婶等),无所不包,故可知他们的话题非常广泛,所以选B项。7.Whatisthepurposeof“TheKnowledge”?A.Toqualifyonetodriveataxi.B.Toassessone’sd

rivingskills.C.Totestdrivers’abilitytowrite.D.Tochecktaxidrivers’memory.答案A解析推理判断题。根据最后一段“...mustpassaverydifficultexamination...It

isawrittentest,andinitdrivers...”可知,要想成为一名伦敦的出租车驾驶员,必须要通过各种艰难的考试,包括如何走近路等等,而通过了这种被称为“知识”考试的人,才有资格成为一名驾驶员,由此知这样做的目的是资格认证,故选A项。Ⅱ.七选五(2018·浙江宁波5月模考)Ifs

omethingthatyou’redoingdoesn’tchallengeyou,thenitdoesn’tchangeyou.Weallneedsomenormalstressinourlives,afterall.1Sochallengethefollowinglimits:•Fig

ureoutwhatyou’rescaredofanddoitcontinuously.Ifyou’reasalesman,andyou’rescaredoftalkingtopeoplepersonallyoroverthephone,now,

insteadofbeingscaredandthinkingyou’llfail,spendatleastfiveminutesadaytopickupthephoneandmakeacall.2Butdon’ts

toponthefirsttry!Eventually,youcanlookatfearintheeyesandsay,“Goon.I’mnotscared!”•3Makesurethishobbyisno

tlinkedtoyourcareer;youhavetorelaxandrelieveyourstresswhileperformingthis.Someexamplesmightbecooking,se

wing,paintingandsoon.Apartfromhelpingyouchallengeyourself,takingaclassforyourhobbymayalsogiveyouextraincome.•Setasideatleastnineminutesadayforphys

icalexercise.4Asimple9-minuterunaroundyourneighborhoodcandowondersforyourself.Exercisecannotonlyhelpyoumaintainyourregularw

eight,butalsomakeyoufeelbetteraboutyourself.•Travelandallowyourselftobeinterestedinnewpeople.Don’tjustlimityourselftoyourfell

owtravelers—trytoconnectwiththeservicestaff.Youneverknowwhatkindofpeoplethey’regoingtobe.Getoutofyourhouseorgoonlineright

nowtobookyourclass.5A.Youshoulddoitcontinuously.B.Someonemayhanguponyou.C.Youdon’tneedtogotothegym.D.Runninginthegymmaybeabe

tterchoice.E.Starttotravelnowandlearntochallengeyourself.F.Takeaclassforahobbyyou’vebeenwantingtodevelop.G.You

canneverseeanyimprovementifyousticktoyourcomfortzone.答案与解析【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了四种方法来帮助人们走出舒适区,挑战自我,从而实现自我提升。1.G此处

承接上下文。上文提到我们都需要一定的压力,此处对该观点进行了进一步的阐述:如果你一直呆在你的舒适区里,你将不会有任何的进步。故G项符合文意。2.B选项中的“hanguponyou(挂掉电话)”与上文中的“pickupthephon

eandmakeacall(打电话)”相一致,故B项符合文意。3.F此处为小标题,根据下文内容,尤其是“thishobby”可推知,此处与hobby有关,故F项符合文意。4.C此处紧接下文。你不必去健身房锻炼,绕着周边进行简单的跑步就可以产生奇迹般的效果了。故C项符合文意。5.E根据上文可知

,本段内容主要是关于travel(旅游),故E项“Starttotravelnowandlearntochallengeyourself.”符合文意。Ⅲ.语篇填空(2018·浙江)FewpeopleIknowseemtohavemuchdesire

ortimetocook.MakingChinese1.(dish)isseenasespeciallytroublesome.Manywesterners2.cometoChinacookmuchlessthani

ntheirowncountriesoncetheyrealizehowcheap3.canbetoeatout.Istillremember4.(visit)afriendwho’dlivedhereforfiveyearsandI5.(shock)whenIlearntshehadn’tc

ookedonceinallthattime.Whileregularlyeatingoutseemsto6.(become)commonformanyyoungpeopleinrecentyears,it’snotwithoutacost.Theo

bviousoneismoney;eatingoutonceortwiceaweekmaybe7.(afford)butdoingthismostdaysaddsup.Therecouldbeaneven8.(high)costonyourhealth.Resear

chershavefoundthatthereisadirectlinkbetweentheincreaseinfoodeatenoutsidethehomeandtherisein9.(weigh)problems.Ifyouarenotgoingtosufferth

isproblem,thenIsuggestthatthenexttimeyougotoyourmum’shome10.dinner,getafewcookingtipsfromher.Cookingfoodcanbefun.Youmightalsobegint

onoticetheeffectsnotonlyonyourhealthbutinyourpocket.答案与解析【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。现在几乎很少有人有欲望或有时间做饭,作者建议:在家里自己做饭,这样不仅可以节省开支,而且还吃得健康。1.dish

es考查名词。根据空前的“MakingChinese”可知,其后应该接名词的复数形式,故dish需要用其复数形式dishes。2.who/that考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,空处引导定语从句,且在从句中做主语

,修饰先行词“Manywesterners”,指代人,故填who或that。3.it考查代词。分析句子结构可知,此处it做形式主语,而真正的主语是toeatout,故填it。4.visiting考查非谓语动词。根据句意可知,此处意为“我仍然记得曾经拜访过一个朋友

……”。rememberdoingsth.是固定搭配,意为“记得已经做过某事”,故填visiting。5.wasshocked考查动词的时态和语态。根据句意可知,“我”的朋友在这居住了五年,竟然一次饭也没自己做过,“我”被震惊到了,因此,空处用被动语

态,又因为此处叙述的是过去的事情,故用一般过去时的被动语态。6.havebecome考查动词的时态。根据该句中的时间状语“inrecentyears”可知,此处应用现在完成时,且位于“seemsto”的后面,故填havebe

come。7.affordable考查形容词。该句中be是连系动词,后面要接形容词做表语。afford的形容词形式是affordable,故填affordable。8.higher考查形容词的比较级。根据前面的even可知,所填的词要用比较级。

high的比较级是higher,故填higher。9.weight考查名词。空前的in为介词,后面应该用名词形式,此处名词短语weightproblems意为“体重问题”。故填weight。10.for考查介词。fordinner为固定搭配,句意为“下次

去妈妈家吃饭的时候,记得向她学习一些烹饪技巧”。故填for。