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高二年级居家自主学习在线检测试卷英语试题第一部分完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，共20分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AlifesavingtrafficstopKemirahadjus

tjumpedintheshowerwhenhermotherTammybangedonthedoor.Kemira’s12-day-olddaughterwas___1___.HavingfedbabyRyleighjust30minutesearlier,then

ewmotherburstoutofthebathroomandbeganpattingherdaughter___2___theback.Ryleighwasusuallyquicktocry.Now

shedidn’tmakea___3___,“I’dbeentoldtoraisetheirarmswhenbabiesarechoking,soItriedthat,butshestillwas___4___tobreathe,”Kemirasaidlater.

SheknewRyleighneededtogettothehospitalfast.Thethreehadbarely___5___itoutoftheirneighborhoodwhentheflashinglightsofapolicecruiserappeared

behindthem.DeputyWillKimbrofiguredthatthe___6___driverwaseithertoodistractedtonoticehimorsimplyunconcerned.Kimbrosoonfoundoutitwasafrigh

tening___7___ofthetwo.Onceshe’d___8___tothecurb(路边),afranticTammyjumpedoutofthecar,exclaimingthathergranddaughterhadstoppedbreathi

ng.Desperateforhelp,KemirahandedthebabytoKimbro.Heputahandonherlittle___9___.Ryleigh’sheartwasbarelybeating

.Kimbroradioedfora(an)____10____—itwassevenminutesout,andthehospitalwasevenfurtheraway.Thatwassevenmi

nutesRyleighdidn’thave,herlipsalreadyanominousshadeofblue.Luckily,KimbrohadrecentlycompletedaCPRclassandknew____11____howtotreatababy.“A

lthoughIwas____12____,mytrainingkickedin,andIwenttoworktokeepthatbaby____13____,”saysKimbro.HegaveRyleightoKemiratohold,hishandsbusya

shecheckedforapulse.Thenhebegantappingandkneading(揉)Ryleigh’schest,hopingtomassageherheartbackintoaction.ThankstotheCPRclass,Kimb

roknewthechokingbabydidn’thavea____14____iftherewasablockage,andheusedonefingertoclearherairway(气道).Thatwasthemagictouch;20

secondslater,Ryleighbegantofuss.Thencameawhimper.“Ifshe’scryinglikethat,she’sbreathing,”saidKimbro.The____15____wasobviousinhistrembl

ingvoice.“____16____she’scrying,she’sbreathing.”Buttheystillhadfivemoreminutesuntilmedicalservicewouldarrive,andKimbroworriedthatRyleighwouldc

hokeagain.Hecontinuedwithdelicatechestcompressionsandperiodicallyclearingherairway.Inthebodycamerafootage,Kimbrocanbeheard__

__17____Kemira,theapproachingsirenswailinginthebackground:“Ididn’tfeelaheartbeatearlier,soIstartedmassagingherheartandnowIfeelit.It’srealstr

ongnow.”Atthehospital,Ryleigh____18____quickly,andshewasbacktoher____19____livelyselfinnotime—thankstoa

____20____policeofficerwhowasintherightplaceattherighttime.1.A.laughingB.cryingC.murmuringD.choking2

.A.onB.atC.inD.against3.A.wishB.faceC.soundD.decision4.A.unwillingB.hesitatingC.expectedD.forced5.A.madeB.soughtC.gotD

.took6.A.drunkB.speedingC.skillfulD.relaxed7.A.alternativeB.formerC.combinationD.latter8.A.pulledawayB.pulledintoC.pulledthroug

hD.pulledover9.A.stomachB.chestC.throatD.back10.A.ambulanceB.nurseC.assistantD.mask11.A.onlyB.hardlyC.in

stantlyD.exactly12.A.thrilledB.shockedC.wornD.skeptical13.A.aliveB.asleepC.warmD.quiet14.A.breathB.cureC.symptomD.chance15.A.faithB.

numbnessC.concernD.relief16.A.EventhoughB.AsifC.AslongasD.Ifonly17.A.InquiringB.comfortingC.cateringD.interru

pting18.A.sufferedB.developedC.recoveredD.faded19.A.usualB.uniqueC.trueD.inner20.A.sacredB.luckyC.determinedD.cheerful【答案】1.D2.A3.C4.B5.A6.B7.C8.D

9.B10.A11.D12.B13.A14.D15.D16.C17.B18.C19.A20.C【解析】这是一篇记叙文。主要记叙了一位名为WillKimbro的警察，果断救了一个被噎住婴儿Ryleigh的故事。【1题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Kemira12天大的女儿噎住了。A.l

aughing笑；B.crying哭泣；C.murmuring低声说；D.choking噎住，使窒息。根据后文whenbabiesarechoking可知婴儿噎住了。故选D。【2题详解】考查介词辨析。句意：30分钟前刚给宝宝Ryleigh喂奶，这位新妈妈从浴室里冲了出来

，开始拍女儿的后背。A.on在上面；B.at在（表示存在或出现的地点、场所、位置、空间）；C.in在里面；D.against反对。根据上文pattingherdaughter可知是给婴儿拍后背。patsb.ontheback“拍某人的背”。故选A。【3题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意

：现在她没有发出任何声音，“我被告知当婴儿窒息时要举起他们的手臂，所以我试了一下，但她仍然呼吸困难，”Kemira后来说。A.wish希望；B.face脸；C.sound声音；D.decision决定。根据上文Ryleighwasusuallyqui

cktocry.Nowshedidn’tmakea可知婴儿因为窒息发不出声音了。故选C。【4题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在她没有发出任何声音，“我被告知当婴儿窒息时要举起他们的手臂，所以我试了一下，但她仍然呼吸困难，”

Kemira后来说。A.unwilling不情愿；B.hesitating犹豫；C.expected期待；D.forced迫使。根据后文SheknewRyleighneededtogettothehospitalfast

.可知Kemira尝试给Ryleigh救治，但是没有起作用，Ryleigh仍然呼吸困难。hesitatetodosth.“犹豫做某事”。故选B。【5题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这三个人刚刚开出他们的社区，一辆警车的闪光灯就出现在他们身后。A.made制作；

B.sought寻找；C.got得到；D.took带走。此处考查短语makeit表示“成功，走完路程”。故选A。【6题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：副警长WillKimbro认为，超速的司机要么是注意力过于分散，没有注意到他，要么就是根本不

关心自己是否超速。A.drunk喝醉的；B.speeding高速行驶的；C.skillful熟练的；D.relaxed放松的。结合后文警察拦下了他们的车，可知他们超速了。其它选项不符合语境。故选B。【

7题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Kimbro很快发现恐怕这次超速是两个原因的结合。A.alternative选择；B.former前者；C.combination结合；D.latter后者。结合上文可知因为婴儿噎住了，所以开车的人注意力分散，没有注意到警察，而且情况

紧急所以也根本无法关心自己是否超速了。因此是两个原因结合在一起了。故选C。【8题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：当她把车停在路边时，疯狂的Tammy从车里跳了出来，大叫着她的孙女已经停止呼吸了。A.pulledawa

y离开；B.pulledinto（车）进站；C.pulledthrough渡过难关；D.pulledover靠边停车。根据后文tothecurb可知车停在了路边。故选D。【9题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他把手放在她的小胸口上。A.stomach胃；B.chest胸部；C.throat喉

咙；D.back后背。根据后文Ryleigh’sheartwasbarelybeating.可知是手放在胸上检查心跳。故选B。【10题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Kimbro用无线电叫了一辆救护车——要7分钟的路程，而医院甚至更远。A.amb

ulance救护车；B.nurse护士；C.assistant助手；D.mask口罩。婴儿的心跳几乎停止了，在这种情况下Kimbro警长肯定是呼叫救护车。故选A。【11题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，Kimbro最近完成了心肺复苏

术的课程，并且恰好知道如何正确地治疗婴儿。A.only仅仅；B.hardly几乎不；C.instantly立即；D.exactly恰好地。婴儿被噎住了，而Kimbro最近完成了心肺复苏术的课程，并且恰好（exactly）知道如何正确地治疗婴儿。故选D。【12题详解】考查形容词词义辨

析。句意：“虽然我很震惊，但我想起了我接受的训练，为了确保那个孩子活着，我还是去工作了。”Kimbro说。A.thrilled兴奋的；B.shocked震惊的；C.worn疲倦的；D.skeptical怀疑的。Kimbro本来是在正常执勤，结果

遇到了这件事，反应应当是很震惊的。故选B。【13题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“虽然我很震惊，但我想起了我接受的训练，为了确保那个孩子活着，我还是去工作了。”Kimbro说。A.alive活着的；B.asleep睡着的；C.warm温暖的；D.quiet安静的。婴儿性命危机，这种情况肯定

是为了确保那个孩子活着。故选A。【14题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：多亏了心肺复苏术课程，Kimbro知道窒息的婴儿如果有阻塞就没有机会了，他用一根手指清理了她的气道。A.breath呼吸；B.cure治愈；C.symptom症状；D.chance机会。根据后文ift

herewasablockage,andheusedonefingertoclearherairway.可知Kimbro知道窒息的婴儿如果有阻塞就没有机会了，他用一根手指清理了她的气道。haveachance“有机会”。故选D。【15题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：从他颤抖的声音

里，可以明显地感到如释重负。A.faith信仰；B.numbness麻木；C.concern关心；D.relief减轻，如释重负。根据上文Thatwasthemagictouch;20secondslater,

Ryleighbegantofuss.Thencameawhimper.可知听到婴儿哭了，说明婴儿得救了，Kimbro肯定感到如释重负。故选D。【16题详解】考查连接词辨析。句意：“只要她在哭，她就在呼吸。”A.Eventhough虽然；B.Asif好像；C.Aslongas只

要；D.Ifonly只要。此处为条件状语从句，表示“只要”。故选C。【17题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在视频中，可以听到Kimbro在安慰Kemira，背景中传来了警报声：“我之前没有感觉到心跳，所以我

开始按摩她的心脏，现在我感觉到了。现在很强劲。”A.inquiring询问；B.comforting安慰；C.catering提供饮食；D.interrupting打断。Kemira孩子窒息受到了惊吓，现在情况终于好转，因此Kimbro在安慰Kemira。故选B。【18题详解

】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在医院里，Ryleigh很快就康复了，很快就恢复了往常的精神状态——多亏了一名坚定的警察，他在正确的时间出现在正确的地点。A.suffered遭受；B.developed发展；C.recovered恢复；D.faded凋谢。根据后文livelyselfin

notime可知Ryleigh恢复了往常的精神状态。故选C。【19题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在医院里，Ryleigh很快就康复了，很快就恢复了往常的精神状态——多亏了一名坚定的警察，他在正确的时间出现在正确的地点。A.usual往常

的，通常的；B.unique独特的；C.true真实的；D.inner内在的。根据上文shewasbacktoher可知Ryleigh恢复了往常的精神状态。故选A。【20题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在医院里，Ryleigh很快就康复了，很快就恢复了正常的

精神状态——多亏了一名果断的警察，他在正确的时间出现在正确的地点。A.sacred害怕的；B.lucky幸运的；C.determined果断的；D.cheerful快乐的。Kimbro在遇到这种情况下，没有胆怯而是用自己学过的急

救知识果断地救了婴儿的性命，是个果断的警察。故选C。第二部分阅读理解（共两节；共45分）第一节短文阅读（共16小题；每小题2分，共32分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AExperi

enceallthemostfamoussightsinCopenhagenwithourHopOn-HopOffandCitySightseeingtoursequippedwithaudioguideinIIlanguages.Choosebetweenthreedifferentr

outesthatwilltakeyouthroughdifferentanddiverseareasofthecity:TheClassicCopenhagentour,theUrbanGreentourortheColorfulCopenhagentour.Itisuptoyouify

ouwanttostayonboardforafullrideorifyouwanttogetoffandexploresightsontheway.Youcanhopoffandonasmuchasyoulike.Ifyoup

referanon-stoptour,thenCopenhagenPanoramaisperfectforyou.Thistourwilltakeyoutoallthemainattractions.ItisliveguidedinEnglis

handincludesphotostopsatTheLittleMermaid,AmalienborgPalaceandtheOpera.DaneslovebeingclosetothewaterandthisisnoexceptioninCopenhagen.Thewatersideo

fthecityisverylively,andcitizenslovetospendtheirsparetimealongthecanals.ExploretheharborandcanalsofCopenhagenwithaca

naltour.ChoosebetweentheclassicIhourliveguidedGrandTourortheHopOn-HopOffboattourwithaudioguideandexperienc

eCopenhagenanditsbeautyfromthewaterside.Ifyoucan’tdecidebetweenbusandboat—noworries.Youcangetboth.Aticketthatcombinesbusandbo

atwillgiveyoutheverybestopportunitytodiscoverCopenhagenatyourownpace.Withourcombinationticketsyouevensavemoneycomparedtobuyingseparate

tickets.AtickettoourcombinationtoursallowsyoutoexperienceallthatCopenhagenhastoofferfromthewateraswella

sfromtheland.Ofcourse,youcanfreelyswitchbetweenourbusesandboatsatvariousspotsacrossthecityifyougoforthehop-onhop-offoption.Experienceallthemainattrac

tionsinthecity:TheLittleMermaid,theroyalcastleAmalienborgPalace,picturesquehistoricalbuildingslikethecolorfulNyhavnandfeelthefreespiritof

FreetownChristaniaandthehyggeatFrederiksbergsgreenareas.OurbusesandboatstakeyoueasilytoallthetopattractionsinCopenhagen!21.T

hetextismostprobablytakenfrom________.A.aresearchpaperB.atextbookC.atravelbrochureD.auserguide22.Whatcanwelearnfromthefirst

paragraph?A.Youcanhoponabusorboatforlimitedtimes.B.TheColorfulCopenhagentourisanon-stoptour.C.Sightseeingtoursareequippedwithvideoguidein11l

anguages.D.AllthemainscenicspotsarecoveredintheCopenhagenPanoramatour.23.IfyouwanttofullyexploreCopenhagenatyourownpace,whichmightbethebest

choice?A.ChoosetheclassicIhourliveguidedGrandTour.B.Getacombinationticketthatcombinesbusandboattours.C.Firstbuyabust

icketandthenbuyaboatticketforalltheattractions.D.ExploretheidyllicharborandcanalsofCopenhagenwithacanaltour.【答案】21.C22.D23.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。

文章主要介绍了两个参观哥本哈根的旅行项目——“HopOn-HopOff”和“城市观光游”。介绍了各自的特色和可选择的交通方式。【21题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中Experienceallthemostfamoussights

inCopenhagenwithourHopOn-HopOffandCitySightseeingtoursequippedwithaudioguideinIIlanguages.可知在哥本哈根，我们的“HopOn-HopOff”和“城市观光游”可以让您可

以体验到哥本哈根最著名的景点，并配有会二种语言的语音导游。结合文章主要介绍了一项在哥本哈根旅行的项目，由此可推知，文章可能选自旅游手册。故选C。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中Ifyoupreferanon-stoptour,thenCopen

hagenPanoramaisperfectforyou.Thistourwilltakeyoutoallthemainattractions.可知如果你喜欢不间断的旅行，那么哥本哈根全景是最适合你的。这趟旅行将带你到所有的主要景

点。由此可知，所有的主要景点都包括在CopenhagenPanorama中。故选D。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中Aticketthatcombinesbusandboatwillgiveyoutheverybestopportunitytodisc

overCopenhagenatyourownpace.可知如果您选择了巴士和船的组合票，您将有机会以自己的节奏探索哥本哈根。由此可知，如果你想以自己的速度全面探索哥本哈根，那么买一张巴士和船游的组合票可能是最好的选择。故选B。【点睛】文章主题和中心思想的阐述往往需

要大量细节信息的支持，这些细节对于理解全文内容至关重要，同时也是归纳和概括文章中心思想的基础。命题人往往会要求考生根据不同的要求阅读文章，以获得某些特定的信息，或准确地寻求所需的细节，并对细节进行直接或间接辨认和理解。文章细节的理解可以细化为：（1）一一对应型。（2）语言转述型。（3）语意理解型。

（4）是非辨别型。（5）事实排序型。如第一小题，一一对应型。根据第三段中AticketthatcombinesbusandboatwillgiveyoutheverybestopportunitytodiscoverCopenhagenatyourownpac

e.可知如果您选择了巴士和船的组合票，您将有机会以自己的节奏探索哥本哈根。由此可知，如果你想以自己的速度全面探索哥本哈根，那么买一张巴士和船游的组合票可能是最好的选择。故选B。BLonelinesshurts.Itisp

sychologicallydistressingandsophysicallyunhealthythatbeinglonelyincreasesthelikelihoodofanearlierdeathby26percent.Butpsychologiststh

inkithurtssomuchbecause,likehungerandthirst,lonelinessactsasabiologicalalarmbell.OnMarch26,justastheCOVID-19pandemicgri

ppedtheworld,researchersfromtheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnologypostedareportonbioRxiv.Itisthefirststudyinhumanstoshowthatb

othlonelinessandhungersharesignalsdeepinapartofthebrainthatgovernsverybasicimpulsesforrewardandmotivation.So,ourneedtoconnectisapparentlyasf

undamentalasourneedtoeat.Theresearchersusedfunctionalmagneticresonanceimaging(fMRI)tocomparebrainresponsestolonelinessa

ndhunger.40adultparticipantsunderwenta10-hoursessiondepriving(剥夺)themoffoodandanother10-hoursessiondenyingthemsocialcontact.Bothsessio

nsservedasacontrol(对照)conditionforeachother.Thesocial-isolationconditionwaschallengingtoarrange.Somepeoplea

relonelyinacrowd,whileothersenjoysolitudeToinduce(lt)notjustobjectiveisolationbutsubjectivefeelingsofloneliness,theresearchershadtheparticipants

spendtheirtimefrom9A.M.to7P.M.inaroomatthelaboratorywithoutphones,laptopsorevennovelsincasefictionalcharactersprovidedsomesocialsuppo

rt.Puzzleswereallowed,aswaspreapprovednonfictionreadingorwriting.Researchersthenfocusedonamidbrainregi

oncalled“thesubstantianigra”,acenterofdopamine(多巴胺)releaseinvolvedwithmotivationanddesire.Thedopaminergicresponseshowsastr

ongwanting.Inthescanner,participantssawimagesoftheirpreferredformsofsocialinteractionandoftheirfavoritefoods,aswellasacontrolimageofflower

s.Itwasthenfoundthatthesubstantianigrarespondedonlytocuesofwhattheyhadbeendeprivedof.Themagnitudeoftheresponsecorrelatedwiththesubjects’

self-reportsofhowhungryorlonelytheywere,thoughthefeelingsofhungerwereconsistentlystronger.Finally,theresearchersu

sedmachinelearningtoconfirmtheirfindings.Asoftwareclassifiertrainedtorecognizeneuralpatternsduringfasting(斋戒)provedabletorecognizesi

milarneuralpatternsfromthesocial-isolationconditioneventhoughithadnever“seen”them.Sothereseemstobeanunderlyingsharedneuralsig

naturebetweenthetwostates.EvenbeforetheCOVID-19pandemic,anobviousnextquestionfortheworkwaswhetherdifferentf

ormsofsocialmediacouldsatisfytheneedforsocialconnection.Thoseresearcherswereneverabletogetfundingforsuchastudy.Butnowitseemstheywill.24.T

hereportpostedonMarch26________.A.isbasedonthesocial-isolationconditionduringthepandemicB.isthefirststudyontheeffectoflonelinessonhumanb

eingsC.reflectsthesimilaritybetweenlonelinessandhungerD.showshumanneedforrewardandmotivation25.WhatisParagraph4mainlyabout?A.Whyinducingfeelin

gsoflonelinesswaschallengingB.HowlonelinesswascreatedamongparticipantsC.Whyparticipantsweredeniedaccesst

ophonesD.Howresearcherscomparedbrainresponses26.Wecaninferthatparticipants’substantianigrashowed________response(s)totheimageofflowers.A

.littleB.variousC.strongD.consistent27.Whatdoestheunderlined“it”inParagraph6referto?A.Theneuralsigna

ture.B.Fasting.C.Machinelearning.D.Theclassifier.【答案】24.C25.B26.A27.D【解析】这是一篇说明文。一项研究，表明孤独和饥饿都在大脑深处的一个部分共享信号，而这个部分的大脑支配着非常基本的奖

励和动机冲动。所以，我们对连接的需求显然和我们对吃饭的需求一样基本。文章就这项研究是如何开展的进行了说明，以及这项发现的意义。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中Butpsychologiststhinkithurtssomuchbecause,likehunge

randthirst,lonelinessactsasabiologicalalarmbell.可知但心理学家认为它之所以如此痛苦，是因为像饥饿和口渴一样，孤独就像一个生理上的警钟一样，给人敲响了生理上的警钟。由此可知，这份发表于3月26日的报告反映了孤独和饥饿之间的

相似性。故选C。【25题详解】主旨大意题。根据第四段中Somepeoplearelonelyinacrowd,whileothersenjoysolitudeToinducenotjustobjectiveis

olationbutsubjectivefeelingsofloneliness,theresearchershadtheparticipantsspendtheirtimefrom9A.M.to7P.M.inaroomatthelaboratorywithoutphones,laptopsore

vennovelsincasefictionalcharactersprovidedsomesocialsupport.Puzzleswereallowed,aswaspreapprovednonfict

ionreadingorwriting.可知有些人在人群中是孤独的，而另一些人则喜欢孤独，为了诱发不只是客观上的孤独感，而是主观上的孤独感，研究人员让参与者在实验室的一个房间里度过他们的时间，从早上9点到晚上7点，没有电话、笔记本电脑甚至小

说，以备虚构人物提供一些社会支持。拼图是允许的，因为是预先批准的非小说阅读或写作。由此可知，第四段主旨大意是参与者之间如何产生孤独感。故选B。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段中Inthescanner,participantssawimage

softheirpreferredformsofsocialinteractionandoftheirfavoritefoods,aswellasacontrolimageofflowers.Itwasthenfoundthatthesubstantianigrarespondedo

nlytocuesofwhattheyhadbeendeprivedof.Themagnitudeoftheresponsecorrelatedwiththesubjects’self-reportsofhowhungryorlonelyth

eywere,thoughthefeelingsofhungerwereconsistentlystronger.可知在扫描仪中，参与者看到的是他们喜欢的社交形式和他们最喜欢的食物的图像，以及鲜花的控制图像

。然后发现，黑质体只对被剥夺的东西的线索作出反应。该反应的大小与受试者的自我报告的饥饿或孤独程度相关，尽管饥饿感持续较强。结合上文可知参与者是没有花的，由此可推知，参与者的黑质体对花的形象几乎没有反应。故选A。【27题详解】词

义猜测题。根据上文Asoftwareclassifiertrainedtorecognizeneuralpatternsduringfastingprovedabletorecognizesimilarneuralpatt

ernsfromthesocial-isolationcondition可知事实证明，经过训练的软件分类器能够识别禁食期间的神经模式，尽管它（软件分类器）从未“看到”过类似的神经模式，但它还是能够识别出社会隔离

状态下的类似神经模式。由此可知，it指代是上文中的“软件分类器”，故选D。CContemporaryworriesabouttheimpactoftechnologyarepartofahistoricalpattern.Thenewtechnologiestha

tdominatedthepastdecadeseemtobemakingthingsworse.Parentsworrythatsmartphoneshaveturnedtheirchildrenintoscreen-addi

ctedzombies.Thetechnologiesexpectedtodominatethenewdecadealsoseemtocastadarkshadow.Artificialintelligence(A

I)maywelldeepenbiasandprejudice,threatenyourjobandshoreupauthoritarianrulers.Today’sgloomymoodiscentre

donsmartphonesandsocialmedia,whichtookoffadecadeago.Yetconcernsthathumanityhastakenatechnologicalwrongturn,orthatparticulartech

nologiesmightbedoingmoreharmthangood,havearisenbefore.Standback,andinthesehistoricalcasesdisappointmentarosefromamixofunrealisedhopesand

unforeseenconsequences.Technologyfreestheforcesofcreativedestruction,soitisonlynaturalthatitleadstoanxiety:foranygiventechnologyitsdrawbackssome

timesseemtooutweighitsbenefits.Whenthishappenswithseveraltechnologiesatonce,astoday,theresultisawidersenseoftechno-pessimism.However,th

atpessimismcanbeoverdone.Toooftenpeoplefocusonthedrawbacksofanewtechnologywhiletakingitsbenefitsforgranted.Worriesaboutscreentimeshouldbewei

ghedagainstthemuchmoresubstantialbenefitsofinstantcommunicationandaccesstoinformationandentertainmentthatsmartphonesmakepossible.Afurtherdangeris

thateffortstoavoidtheshort-termcostsassociatedwithanewtechnologywillendupdenyingaccesstoitslong-termbenefits—somethingcalleda“technologytrap”.

Fearsthatrobotswillstealpeople’sjobsmaypromptpoliticianstotaxthem,forexample,todiscouragetheiruse.Yetinthelongruncountriest

hatwishtomaintaintheirstandardoflivingastheirworkforceagesandshrinkswillneedmorerobots,notfewer.Thatpointstoanotherlesson,

whichisthattheremedytotechnology-relatedproblemsveryofteninvolvesmoretechnology.Andthemostimportantlesso

nisabouttechnologyitself.Anypowerfultechnologycanbeusedforgoodorill.Biotechnologycanraisecropyieldsandcu

rediseases,butitcouldequallyleadtodeadlyweapons.Technologyitselfhasnoagency:itisthechoicespeoplemakeaboutitthatshapetheworld.Thusthetech

lash(技术鞭策)isanecessarystepintheadoptionofimportantnewtechnologies.Atitsbest,ithelpsframehowsocietycomestotermswithinnovationsandim

posesrulesandpoliciesthatlimittheirdestructivepotential,accommodatechangeorstrikeatrade-off.Healthyskepticismm

eansthatthesequestionsaresettledbyabroaddebate,notbyagroupoftechnologists.Perhapstherealsourceofanxietyisnottechnologyitselfbutgrowingdou

btsabouttheabilityofsocietiestoholdthisdebateandcomeupwithgoodanswers.Inthatsense,techno-pessimismisasymptomofpoliticalpessimism.Yetthereissomet

hingcomfortingaboutthis:agloomydebateismuchbetterthannodebateatall.Andhistorystillargues,onthewhole,foroptimism.28.WhatisParagraph2mainlyabout?A.R

easonsfortechno-pessimism.B.Historyoftechnologydevelopment.C.Consequencesoftechnologicalturns.D.Atti

tudetowardsparticulartechnologies.29Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Worriesabouttechnologystartedadecadeago.B.Thedrawbacksoftechnology

arealwaysneglected.C.Skepticismishelpfulfortechnologydevelopmentifproperlyapplied.D.Thereisn’tmuchwecandotolimitthedestructivepotentialoftechnolog

y.30.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.Historyvs.Today.B.Technologyvs.Debate.C.Technologyvs.Society.D.Pessimismvs.progres

s.31.Whichofthefollowingshowsthedevelopmentofideasinthispassage?I:IntroductionP:PointSp:Sub-point(次要点)C:Conclusio

nA.B.C.D.【答案】28.A29.C30.D31.A【解析】这是一篇议论文。文章主要就技术的进步导致悲观情绪的产生这一社会现象展开分析，说明了产生技术悲观的原因，和这种情绪的产生说明解决与技术相关的问题往往需要更多的技术。焦虑的真正根源并不是技

术本身，而是人们对社会是否有能力举行这场辩论并提出好的答案的日益怀疑。【28题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段中Standback,andinthesehistoricalcasesdisappointmentarosefromamixofunrealisedhopesand

unforeseenconsequences.Technologyfreestheforcesofcreativedestruction,soitisonlynaturalthatitleadstoanxiety:foranygiventec

hnologyitsdrawbackssometimesseemtooutweighitsbenefits.Whenthishappenswithseveraltechnologiesatonce,astod

ay,theresultisawidersenseoftechno-pessimism.可知退一步说，在这些历史案例中，失望来自于未实现的希望和未曾预料到的后果。技术解放了创造性破坏的力量，因此，它导致焦虑是很自然的：对

于任何一种技术来说，它的缺点有时似乎超过了它的好处。当这种情况同时发生在几种技术上时，就像今天这样，其结果是一种更广泛的技术悲观感。由此可知，第二段主要讲了技术悲观主义产生的原因。故选A。【29题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中Healthyskepticismmeans

thatthesequestionsaresettledbyabroaddebate,notbyagroupoftechnologists.可知健康的怀疑主义意味着这些问题是通过广泛的辩论来解决的，而不是由

一群技术人员来解决的。由此可推知，如果应用得当，怀疑主义有助于技术的发展。故选C。【30题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段中Technologyfreestheforcesofcreativedestruction,soitisonlynaturalthatitleadstoanxiety:fo

ranygiventechnologyitsdrawbackssometimesseemtooutweighitsbenefits.Whenthishappenswithseveraltechnologiesatonce,astoday,theresultisawidersenseoftechno

-pessimism.可知技术解放了创造性破坏的力量，因此，它导致焦虑是很自然的：对于任何一种技术来说，它的缺点有时似乎超过了它的好处。当这种情况同时发生在几种技术上时，就像今天这样，其结果是一种更广泛的技术悲观感。结合文章主要就技术的进步导

致悲观情绪的产生这一社会现象展开分析，说明了产生技术悲观的原因，和这种情绪的产生说明解决与技术相关的问题往往需要更多的技术。焦虑的真正根源并不是技术本身，而是人们对社会是否有能力举行这场辩论并提出好的答案的日益怀疑。故D选项“悲观主义与进步”符合文章

标题。故选D。【31题详解】推理判断题。分析文章结构可知，文章先是提出技术进步产生了技术悲观主义的论点，然后在此基础上提出两个论点，第一是这种悲观情绪可能是过度；第二是解决与技术相关的问题往往需要更多的技术。并且在第二个论点上再分出两

个次要点，一是任何强大的技术都可以用来造福人类，也可以用来造福人类；二是技术冲突是采用重要新技术的必要步骤。最后文章得出结论：焦虑的真正根源并不是技术本身，而是人们对社会是否有能力举行这场辩论并提出好的答

案的日益怀疑。由此可推知，A最符合文章中思想的发展。故选A。根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。DStressedAboutCoronavirus?MonitorYourBodyLan

guageTheCentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention(CDC),andotherhealthprofessionals,havemaintainedthattherecentcoronaviruscanbespreadbytouchingpeopleorsur

facesinfectedbythevirus,andthentouchingyourface-particularlyyourmouth,nose,andeyes,wheretheviruscangainaccesstoyourbody

.Nodoubt,fearsofthispotentiallydeadlyvirusiscausingpeoplearoundtheworldagreatdealofstress.____32____Youmayhaveseenclipsof

healthprofessionalswarningaboutface-touchinginpressconferences,butthenabsent-mindedlytouchingtheirownfaces-evenlickingafingertoturna

pageontheirwrittenspeeches!____33____Unfortunately,stresscanincreasetheincidenceofface-touchingbehavior.Acommonbodyr

eactiontostressisself-touching.Someofthatmightconsistofchinorcheekrubbing,whichcanbringinfectedfingersdangerouslyclosetothemouth.Ofc

ourse,thereisalsonail-biting,whichprovidestheviruswithdirectaccesstothemouth.Researchonnonverbalsignalsoflyinghasfocusedoncommonbodyla

nguagesignalsconnectedwithstress.____34____Stressfromtellingaliehasbeenassociatedwithpeopletouchingtheirnosesorfaces.Ithasbeensugges

tedthattemporaryincreasesintensionorstress-suchaswhensomeoneistellingalie-maycausethenosetoitch(发痒).Thisleadstoresponseofscratchingorru

bbingthenoseStressmayalsoleadtodryeyes,mainlybecausetheautomaticreactiontofear-inducedstressistowidentheeyesandblinkl

essfrequently,thusdryingoutoureyes.Ourresponsescanincludeeyerubbingbehavior-openingthewayforthevirustoenterourbo

dies.Don’tgetmestartedtalkingaboutgreetings.____35____However,greetingbehaviorssuchastouchinghands(hand

shaking),cheek-kissingandhuggingallopenthedoorforviraltransmission(病毒传播).Movingtomoresafeformsofgreeting-wav

es,fist-bumps,orevenbowing-shouldbecomethenormduringthesetroublingtimes.____36____Weneedtobecomemorea

wareofournonverbalbehaviorandgointosocialsituationsmoremindfully.A.Tosumup,whatshouldwedo?B.Someofthesesames

ignalscouldleadtoinfection.C.Itisprobablybecausetheyhavebeenundertoomuchstress.D.Inotherwords,nonverbalsignalsofstressmightlea

dtoinfection.E.Thatiswhypeoplemaytouchtheirnosesorfaceswhentellingalie.F.Insocialgatheringspeoplealmostautomat

icallyextendtheirhandsorhug.G.What’sworsemanyofourunconsciousreactionstostresscanleadtoinfection.【答案】32.G33.C34.B35.F

36.A【解析】这是一篇说明文。疾病控制和预防中心和其他卫生专业人员坚持认为，最近的冠状病毒可以通过接触受病毒感染的人或皮肤，然后触摸你的脸，特别是你的嘴、鼻子和眼睛来传播。对这种潜在致命病毒的恐惧正在给全世界

的人们带来巨大的压力。更糟糕的是，我们对压力的许多无意识反应都会导致感染。文章就因为人们日常的肢体动作会导致感染进行了说明。【32题详解】根据上文Nodoubt,fearsofthispotentiallydeadlyvirusiscausing

peoplearoundtheworldagreatdealofstress.可知毫无疑问，对这种潜在致命病毒的恐惧给世界各地的人们带来了巨大的压力。结合后文中Youmayhaveseenclipsofhealthprofessionalswarningaboutface-touchingin

pressconferences,butthenabsent-mindedlytouchingtheirownfaces-evenlickingafingertoturnapageontheirwrittenspeeches!可知你可能看过卫生专业人员在新闻

发布会上警告触碰面部的片段，但随后却心不在焉地摸自己的脸——甚至舔手指来翻页他们的书面发言！由此可知，本句承接上文说明压力给人带来的影响，且后文的例子具体说明了：面对压力时无意识的反应可能会导致感染。故G选项“更糟糕的是，我们对压力的许多无意识反应会导致感染”符合上下文语境，故选G。【33

题详解】根据Youmayhaveseenclipsofhealthprofessionalswarningaboutface-touchinginpressconferences,butthenabsent

-mindedlytouchingtheirownfaces-evenlickingafingertoturnapageontheirwrittenspeeches!可知你可能看过卫生专业人员在新闻发布会上

警告触碰面部的片段，但随后却心不在焉地摸自己的脸——甚至舔手指来翻页他们的书面发言！由此可知，本句承接上文说明，卫生专业人员无意识地触碰自己的脸，甚至舔手指来翻页他们的书面发言的原因是他们承受了太大的压力

。故C选项“这可能是因为他们承受了太大的压力”符合上下文语境，故选C。【34题详解】根据后文Stressfromtellingaliehasbeenassociatedwithpeopletouchingtheirnosesorfaces.Ithasbeensuggestedthattem

poraryincreasesintensionorstress-suchaswhensomeoneistellingalie-maycausethenosetoitch.Thisleadstoresponseofscratchingor

rubbingthenose.可知这些信号中的一些可能会导致感染。说谎带来的压力与人们触摸自己的鼻子或脸有关。有人认为，紧张或压力的暂时增加——比如有人说谎的时候——可能会导致鼻子痒。这就导致了抓挠或摩擦鼻子的反应。由此可知，与压力有关的常见肢体语言

信号可能会导致人们去触碰自己的鼻子或脸，从而导致感染。上文中commonbodylanguagesignals可对应到B选项中Someofthesesamesignals。故B选项“这些信号中的一些可能会导致感染”符合上下文语境，故选B。【35题详解】根据上文Don’tgetmestarted

talkingaboutgreetings.可知更别说让我开始提到问候了。由此可知，本句应当承接上文说明人们互相问候的方式。故F选项“在社交场合，人们几乎会主动伸出手或拥抱”符合上下文语境，故选F。【36题详解】本句位于文章最后一段，有总结全文的作用，结合后文Wenee

dtobecomemoreawareofournonverbalbehaviorandgointosocialsituationsmoremindfully.可知我们需要对自己的非语言行为有更多的意识，并更谨慎地进入社交场合。由此可知，后文中we可对应到A

选项中whatshouldwedo?，且sumup有“总之”的意思，故A选项“总之，我们应该做什么？”符合上下文语境，故选A。第二节短篇小说TheStolenBacillus(1)“Thisagain,”saidtheBacteriologist(病

毒学家),slippingaglassslideunderthemicroscope,“isthecelebratedBacillusofcholera(霍乱)-thecholeragerm.”(2)Thepale-facedmanpeereddownthemicros

cope.Hewasevidentlynotaccustomedtothatkindofthing.“Iseeverylittle.”hesaid.(3)“Touchthisscrew,”saidtheBacteriologist,“perhapsthemicroscope

isoutoffocus.”(4)“Ah!nowIsee.”saidthevisitor“Notsoverymuchtoseeafterall.Littlestreaksandshredsofpink.Andyetthoselittleparticlesmightmultiplya

nddevastateacity!Wonderful!”(5)Hereleasedtheglassslipandheldittowardsthewindow.“Scarcelyvisible,”hesaid.Staringatthepreparation,hehesit

ated,“Arethese-alive?”(6)“Thosehavebeenstainedandkilled.”saidtheBacteriologist.“Iwish,formyownpart,wecouldkillandstaineveryoneofthemintheunivers

e.”(7)“Isuppose,”thepalemansaidwithaslightsmile,“thatyoudon’thavesuchthingsintheliving-intheactivestate?”(8)“Actually,wehave

to.”saidtheBacteriologist.“Here,forinstance-”hetookuponesealedtube,“isacultivationoftheactuallivingdiseasebacteria.Bottledc

holera,sotospeak.”(9)Aslightgleamofsatisfactionappearedmomentarilyinthefaceofthepaleman.“It’sadeadlythingtohaveinyourpossession.”hesaid,devo

uringthelittletubewithhiseyes.TheBacteriologistwatchedthemorbidpleasureinhisvisitor’sexpression.Thisman,whohadappeared

withanoteofintroductionfromanoldfriend,interestedhimdeeply.Nothingabouthislook,expression,mannerandhi

skeeninterestresembledthatoftheordinaryscientificworkerwhomtheBacteriologistwasfamiliarwith.Itwasperhapsnatural,tho

ugh.(10)Heheldthetubeinhishandthoughtfully.“Yes.Onlybreaksuchalittletubeasthisintoasupplyofdrinkingwater,anddeathfullofpainandin

dignitywouldbereleaseduponthiscity.Hewouldtakethehusbandfromthewife,thechildfromitsmotherandthestatesmanfromhisduty.Hewouldfollowthewatermai

ns,creepingalongstreets,pickingoutandpunishingahousewheretheydidnotboiltheirdrinking-water,creepingintothewellsofthe

mineral-watermakers,gettingwashedintosalad,andlyingdormantinices.Oncestarthimatthewatersupply,hewouldhavewipedoutth

emetropolisbeforeweknow.”(11)Hestoppedabruptly.Hehadbeentoldrhetoricwashisweakness.(2)Theeyesofthepale-f

acedmanshone.“TheseAnarchists(无政府主义者)-rascalsareblindfoolstousebombswhenthiskindofthingisavailable.”(13)Agentleknockwash

eardatthedoor.TheBacteriologistopenedit.“Justaminute,dear.”whisperedhiswife.(14)Whenhereturned,hisvisitorwaslookingathi

swatch.“Ihadnoideait’sbeenanhour.IhaveanengagementatfourandImustleavenow.”(15)TheBacteriologistaccompaniedhimtothedoor,andthenreturnedt

houghtfullytohislaboratory.Hewasstillthinkingabouthisvisitor.“Howfascinatedhewasbythosedisease-germs!”Thenadisturbi

ngthoughtstruckhim.Heturnedtothebenchandthenhiswriting-table.Hefelthastilyinhispockets,andthenrushedtothedoor.(16)“Minnie!”heshoutedhoarselyinthehall

.(17)“Yes,dear.”(18)“HadIanythinginmyhandwhenIspoketoyoujustnow?”(19)Pause.(20)“Nothing,dear,becauseIremember-”(21)“Blueruin!”crie

dtheBacteriologistandrushedtothefrontdoorandintothestreet.(22)Minnie,hearingthedoorslamviolently,rantothewindowDownthest

reetaslendermanwasgettingintoacab(马车).TheBacteriologist,hatlessandinhisslippers,wasrunningandgesticulatingwildlytowardsthisgroup.On

eslippercameoffunnoticed.Theslenderman,glancinground,seemedshocked.HepointedtotheBacteriologistandsaidsomethingtothecabm

an.Thecabmanswishedhiswhipandinamomentthecabdisappearedaroundthecorner.(23)Minniewasdumbfounded.“Ofcourse,heisoutofhis

mind,”shethought,“butrunningaboutLondon-intheheightoftheseason,inhissocks!”Ahappythoughtstruckher.Shehastilyp

utonherhat,shoesandcoat,andstoppedacabthatpassedby.“DrivemeuptheroadandroundHavelockCrescentandseeifwecanfindagentlemanrunni

ngaboutinavelveteencoatandnohat.”“Verygood,ma’am.”Andthecabmanwhippedupatonceinthemostmatter-of-factway.(24)Somefewminuteslater,thelittlegro

upofcabmenatthecabmen’sshelterwerestartledbythepassingofacabwithaseveralginger-coloredhorsesdrivenfuriously.(25)Mustbeanemergency,theysai

d.Momentslater,theywerestunnedtoseeanothercabracingby.(26)“It’sOldGeorge,”saidone,“andhe’sdrivingalunatic,asyousay.”(27)Thegroupbe

cameexcited.“GoGeorge!It’sarace!You’llgethim!”(28)Thesightofathirdcabflyingbyarousedmorecuriosity.Minniewentbyina

perfectroarofapplause.Shedidnotlikeitbutshefeltthatshewasdoingherduty.ShefixedhereyesontheanimatedbackofOldGe

orgethatwasdrivingherhusband.(29)Themanintheforemostcabsatcrouchedinthecomer,withthelittletubegrippedinhishand.Hefeltamixtureoffearandexultation

.Chieflyhewasafraidofbeingcaughtbeforehecouldaccomplishhispurposebutbehindthiswasavaguerbutlargerfearoftheawfulnessofhiscrime.Buthisjoyfar

exceededhisfear.NoAnarchistbeforehimhadeverapproachedthis.Allthosedistinguishedpersonswhosefamehehadenviedbecameinsignif

icant.Hehadonlytobreakthelittletubeintoawell.Howbrilliantlyhehadplannedit,fakedtheletterofintroduction,andgoti

ntothelaboratory.Howbrilliantlyhehadseizedhisopportunity!Theworldshouldhearofhimatlast.Allthosepeoplewhohadsneered

athimandneglectedhimshouldconsiderhimatlast.Death!Theyhadalwaystreatedhimasnobody.Alltheworldhadbeeninaconspiracytokeephi

munder.Hewouldteachthemyetwhatitistoisolateaman.Hestuckhisheadoutofthecab.TheBacteriologistwasscarcelyfiftyyardsbehind.Thatwasbad.Hewouldbecaughta

ndstoppedyet.Hefeltinhispocketformoneyandfoundhalfasovereign.Thishewavedthemoneyinthecabman’sface.“More,”heshouted,“ifonlywegeta

way.”(30)Themoneywassnatchedoutofhishand.Thecabswayedasitspedup.TheAnarchistputthehandcontainingthelittleglass

tubeonthebenchtopreservehisbalance.Hefeltthetubecrackedandsawwhatitcontainedflowontothecabfloor.Heletoutacurseandstareddismallyatthetwoort

hreedropsofmoistureontheapron.(31)Heshuddered.(32)“Well!IsupposeIshallbethefirst.Anyhow.IshallbeaMartyr.That’ssomethingButIwonderifithurtsasmuchasthe

ysay.”(33)Hepickedupthebrokenendofthetube,wheretherewasstillalittledropinside.Andhedrankthattomakesure.Hewouldnotfail.(34)Thenitdawn

eduponhimthattherewasnofurtherneedtoescape.InWellingtonStreethetoldthecabmantostopandgotout.Heslippedonthestep.Hisheadfel

tqueer.Itwasrapidstuffthischolerapoison.Hestoodonthepavementwithhisarmfoldeduponhisbreastawaitingthearrivalo

ftheBacteriologist.Therewassomethingtragicinhispose.Thesenseofdeathgavehimacertaindignity.Helaughed.(35)“Youaretoolate,myfriend.Ihavedrunkit.Longlive

anarchy!”(36)TheBacteriologistfromhiscabbeamedcuriouslyathim.“Youhavedrunkit!AnAnarchist!Iseenow.”Hewasabouttosaysomethin

gmorebutstopped.Heopenedthecabdoorasiftogetoff.TheAnarchistwavedhimadramaticfarewellandstrodeofftoWaterlooBridge,carefullybumpinghisinfecte

dbodyagainstasmanypeopleaspossible.TheBacteriologistwassoshockedthathedidn’tnoticeMinnieappearingonthepavementwithhishat

andshoesandovercoat.“Verygoodofyoutobringmythings.”hesaidandremainedlostinhisthoughts.(37)“Youhadbettergetin,”hesaid.Minnief

eltconvincednowthathewasmadanddirectedthecabmanhome.Thecabbegantoturn,hidingtheblackfigureinthedistancefromtheBacteriologist’seyes.Thensudden

lysomethingstrangestruckhimandhelaughed.Thenheremarked,“Itisreallyveryseriousthough.”(38)“Yousee,thatmancametomyhousetoseemeandhe

isanAnarchist.No-don’tfaint,orIcannotpossiblytellyoutherest.AndIwantedtoastonishhim,notknowinghewasanAnar

chist,andtookupacultivationofthatnewspeciesofBacteriumIthinkcausedthebluepatchesuponvariousmonkeys.Likeafool,IsaiditwasA

siaticcholera.AndheranawaywithittopoisonthewaterofLondon,andhecertainlymighthavemadethingslookblueforthisci

vilizedcity.Andnowhehasswallowedit.Ofcourse,Icannotsaywhatwillhappen,butyouknowitturnedthatkittenblue,andthethreepuppies

-inpatches,andthesparrow-brightblueButthebotheris,Ishallhaveallthetroubleandexpenseofpreparingsomemore.”(39)“Putonmycoatonthishotday

!Why?BecausewemightmeetMrs.Jabber?Mydear!Mrs.Jabberisnotadraught.ButwhyshouldIwearacoatonahotdaybecauseofMrs.-?Oh!Verywell.”A.onewhosuffersgreat

lyoriskilled,esp.duetopoliticalorreligiousbeliefsB.cleverlanguagethatsoundsgoodbutisnotsincereormeaninglessC.someonewhowishest

odestroytheexistinggovernmentandlawsD.asubstancethathasbeenspeciallypreparedforuseasamedicineE.tolookatsomethingwithgrea

tinterestandenthusiasmF.toshow,expressordirectthroughmovementG.toeatallofsomethingquicklyandeagerly前5个小题根据小说内容，判断表述是否正确，正确的请选A，错误的选B。

第6-10个小题,请在A-G选项中找出五个单词在文中的正确英文释义，其中有两个是多余选项。最后一个小题,根据小说内容用完整句子回答问题。37.Thevisitor,withthehelpoftheBacteriologist,sawthelivi

ngdiseasebacteriaontheglassslip.38.Minniechasedafterherhusbandtobringhimthecoatandshoesheneeded.39.Seeingt

hetubebrokenanditscontentspilt,theAnarchistfeltangryanddisappointedfirst.40.Bysaying“itisreallyveryseriousthough”,theBacteriologistshowedhiscar

eabouttheAnarchist.41.TheBacteriologistknewwhothevisitingmanwasandplayedatrickonhim.42.preparation(Para.5)

43.devour(Para.9)44.rhetoric(Para.11)45.gesticulate(Para.22)46.Marty(Para.32)47.Whatisthethemeofthisstory,andhowisitrelevanttoto

day’ssocietyandculture?【答案】37.B38.A39.A40.B41.B42.D43.E44.B45.F46.A47.Thisshortstoryhasacoupleofthemesthatareapp

licableintoday’ssocietyandculture.Thefirstthememightbeaboutthescienceitself.“TheStolenBacillus”presentsreaderswithasci

entistwhoisworkingwithmaterialsthatarepotentialkillers.Thisistrueofscientiststodayasmanypresent-dayscientificbreakthroughsmayharmhu

manbeingsorthenature.However,thestoryshowsreadersascientistthatisbasicallyanabsent-mindedprofessor.Hetakesverylittlecautionregardingt

heinformationthathehandsouttotheanarchist.Hebehaveslikealunaticinthewaythathechasesaftertheanarchist.Thechaseiscompletelycomicalandinnowaymim

icstheseverityofthesituationthatwethinkishappening.Hemaybesmartenoughtodothework,butnotsmartenoughtoknowtheconsequencesofhisstudies.Scien

tistsshouldnotonlyaskifsomethingispossible,butalsoaskifsomethingshouldbedoneinthefirstplace.Anotherthemeistha

tthingsarenotalwayswhattheyappeartobe.Theanarchistatfirstappearsharmless,buthewindsupbeingsomeonethatintendstohopefullykilltho

usandsofpeople.Thebacteriaitselfatfirstappearstoreadersasacitykiller,butitwindsupbeingbasicallyharmless.Thisth

emeofthingsnotbeingwhattheyfirstappearcouldberelatedtooldsayingslike“don’tjudgeabookbyitscover”.【解析】这是一篇小说。一个无政府主义者偷窃了细菌学家一种

以为可以杀死许多人的细菌，结果路上管子打破，无政府主义者喝了液体想要身先士卒，但却并没有死去的故事。【37题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Touchthisscrew,”saidtheBacteriologist,“perhapsthemicroscopeisoutoffocus.”

可知“摸摸这个螺丝钉，”细菌学家说，“也许显微镜的焦距不对。”由此可知，来访者是借助显微镜看到的致病细菌。“来访者在细菌学家的帮助下，看到了玻璃片上的活的致病细菌”表述错误，故选B。【38题详解】细节理解题。根据第二十二段中Minnie,hearingt

hedoorslamviolently,rantothewindowDownthestreetaslendermanwasgettingintoacab.TheBacteriologist,hatless

andinhisslippers…可知Minnie听见门砰地一声关上了，便跑到街那头的窗口。细菌学家，没戴帽子，穿着拖鞋……以及最后一段“Putonmycoatonthishotday!Why?BecausewemightmeetMrs.Jabber?Mydear!Mrs.Jabberisno

tadraught.ButwhyshouldIwearacoatonahotdaybecauseofMrs.-?Oh!Verywell.”可知“在这么热的天穿上我的外套!为什么？因为我们可能会遇到Jabber夫人？我的亲爱的

!Jabber太太不是一个演员。但是为什么我要在大热天因为Jabber太太穿外套？哦！很好。”由此可知，“Minnie追着丈夫去给他拿他需要的外套和鞋子”表述正确，故选A。【39题详解】细节理解题。根据第三十段中Heletoutacurseandstare

ddismallyatthetwoorthreedropsofmoistureontheapron.可知他咒骂了一声，忧郁地盯着围裙上的两三滴水。由此可知，“看到管子破了，里面的东西掉了出来，无政府主义者首先感到愤怒和

失望”表述正确，故选A。【40题详解】细节理解题。根据第三十七段中Thensuddenlysomethingstrangestruckhimandhelaughed.可知突然，一件奇怪的事情触动了他，他大笑起来。由此可知，细菌学这句话有其他的意味，并不是对无政府主义

者的关心，故“细菌学家通过说‘这确实是非常严重的’来表示他对无政府主义者的关心”错误。故选B。【41题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中AndIwantedtoastonishhim,notknowin

ghewasanAnarchist…可知而我想吓一跳他，不知道他是无政府主义者……由此可知，细菌学家并不知道来访的人是谁。“细菌学家知道来访的人是谁，并且捉弄了他”错误，故选B。【42题详解】词义猜测题

。根据第四段中Littlestreaksandshredsofpink.Andyetthoselittleparticlesmightmultiplyanddevastateacity!Wonderful!可知粉红色的小条纹和碎屑。然而，这

些小颗粒可能会繁殖，毁掉一座城市!真是太神奇了！由此可知，preparation此处指的是上文提到的那些材料，即“一种经过特殊准备用作药物的物质”，故选D。【43题详解】词义猜测题。根据后文TheBacterio

logistwatchedthemorbidpleasureinhisvisitor’sexpression.可知细菌学家注意到来访者脸上那种病态的愉快表情。由此可知，这个人是带着极大的兴趣和热情在看那

根小管子，故划线单词意思为“带着极大的兴趣和热情看某物”，故选E。【44题详解】词义猜测题。根据第十段中Yes.Onlybreaksuchalittletubeasthisintoasupplyofdri

nkingwater,anddeathfullofpainandindignitywouldbereleaseduponthiscity.Hewouldtakethehusbandfromthewife,thechildfromitsmotherandth

estatesmanfromhisduty.Hewouldfollowthewatermains,creepingalongstreets,pickingoutandpunishingahousewheretheydidnotboiltheirdrin

king-water,creepingintothewellsofthemineral-watermakers,gettingwashedintosalad,andlyingdormantinices.Oncestarthimatthewatersupply,hewouldh

avewipedoutthemetropolisbeforeweknow.可知是的。只要把这样一根小管子打破，变成饮用水，这个城市就会被释放充满痛苦和侮辱的死亡。他会把丈夫从妻子身边带走，把孩子从母亲身边带走，把政治家从自己的职责中带走。他会顺着水管，

沿着街道爬行，挑出并惩罚那些没有烧开饮用水的房子，爬进矿泉水瓶制造商的井里，把水冲进沙拉里，然后躺在冰里冬眠。一旦让他开始供水，他就会在我们知道之前毁掉整个大都市。由此可知，细菌学家在上文中运用了大量的修辞，他突然停下，想起有人告

诉他，修辞是他的弱点。故划线单词意思为“听起来不错但不真诚或无意义的巧妙语言”，故选B。【45题详解】词义猜测题。根据后文wildlytowardsthisgroup可知没戴帽子、穿着拖鞋的细菌学家，一边跑一边向这群人疯狂地

打着手势，想要引起他们注意，由此可知，划线单词意思为“通过运动来显示、表达或指导”，故选F。【46题详解】词义猜测题。根据第三十三段中Hepickedupthebrokenendofthetube,wherethe

rewasstillalittledropinside.Andhedrankthattomakesure.可知他捡起管子坏了的一端，那里还有一点液体。他喝了那个来确定。由此可知，无政府主义者喝了管子里的液体，想要身先士卒，成为殉道者，故划线单词意思为“尤指由于政治或宗教信仰遭受极大痛苦或被杀

害的人”，故选A。【47题详解】主旨大意题。题目要求为“这个故事的主题是什么？它与当今的社会和文化有什么关系？”，文章为一篇短篇小说，为一个细菌学家给无政府主义者研制了能够杀死许多人的细菌，结果管子打破，无政府主义者喝了液体并没有死

去的故事。这个短篇故事有两个主题，适用于今天的社会和文化，第一个主题可能是关于科学本身；另一个主题是事物并不总是像它们看起来那样。回答应围绕这两个主题展开。第三部分基础知识（共两节；共20分）第一节原版小说（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分）前5个小题根据小说PrivatePeacefu

l的情节，后5个小题根据小说LordoftheFlies的情节，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。48.HowdidTommy’sfatherdie?A.Hefellontotheground

fromthetree.B.HefoughtwiththeColonelandwassentencedtodeath.C.HetriedtosaveTommyfrombeingstruckbyafallingtree.D.Hewassenttothebattlefieldandki

lledbythefoeinthewar.49.WhatdidmotherdowhenshefoundCharliestoleBertha?A.SheboughtBerthawithsixpence.B.ShebeggedtheColoneltoforgiveCharlie.C.Shet

oldCharlietogiveupBertha.DSheaskedCharlietoapologizetotheColonel.50.WhywasCharliesentencedtodeath?A.Becausehewasarecognize

dcoward.B.Becausehedidn’tfollowHanley’sorder.C.Becauseheranawayfromthebattlefield.D.Becausehehadaterriblef

ightwithHanley.51.Whydidn’tCharlietellMotherandMollythereallifethattheylivedinthefront?A.Becausehesurelyenjoyedthelifeofbeinga

soldier.B.Becausehebelievedtheterriblelifewouldendverysoon.C.Becausehewantedthemtoencouragemorepeopletofightinthefront.D.Becausehedidn’

twantthehorriblelifetoruinthepeacefulnessofhome.52.Whatistheendingofthestory?A.Tommycontinuedtoserveinthearmy.B.TommytookrevengeonHanleybykilli

nghim.C.Tommywaspromotedtoahigherrankinthearmy.D.TommywenthomeandlivedahappylifewithMolly.53.WhendidJackfirstputonamask?A.Whenhef

ailedtobethechief.B.Beforehemanagedtohuntapig.C.Whenhetriedtohuntthebeast.D.BeforehestoleglassesfromPiggy.54.WhydidJackputthepigsheadonast

ick?A.Toattractotherpigs.B.Tosummonallboys.C.Toprayforrescue.D.Toworshipthebeast.55.WhydidJackstealPeggy’sglassesinthenightraid?A.Tosendsigna

lforrescue.B.Tomakeafireforhimself.C.ToforcePiggytosurrender.D.TonegotiatewithRalphequally.56.HowwasPiggykilled?A.RalphdidnothelpPig

gy,whofelloffthecliff.B.JackorderedRogertopushabouldertokillPiggy.C.RogerpushedtheleverandafallingboulderhitPiggy

.D.JackfoughtagainstRalphbutaccidentallykilledPiggy.57.WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A.Ralphwasfirstfrightenedb

ythepigsheadandthenworshippedit.B.ThelordofthefliesthatSimononcesawwasaflyonthepigshead.C.Ralphstillregardedhimself

asthechiefofboyswhenhewasrescued.D.SamandErichadbecomesavageswhenRalphwentbacktoJackscamp.【答案】48.C49.

A50.B51.D52.A53.B54.D55.B56.C57.C【解析】【48题详解】细节理解题。结合小说内容可知，Tommy的父亲是试图救Tommy不被倒下的树砸中而死的。故选C。【49题详解】细节理解题。结合小说内容可知，当妈妈发现查

理偷走了Bertha时，她用六便士买了Bertha。故选A。【50题详解】细节理解题。结合小说内容可知，Charlie被判处死刑，因为他没有服从Hanley的命令。故选B。【51题详解】细节理解题。结合小说内容可知，Charlie不告诉妈妈和Mo

lly他们在前线的真实生活，因为他不想让可怕的生活破坏家庭的宁静。故选D。【52题详解】细节理解题。结合小说内容可知，故事的结局是Tommy继续在军队服役。故选A。【53题详解】细节理解题。结合小说内容可知，Jack第一次戴上面具是在他成功猎到一头猪之前。故选B。【54题详解】细节理解

题。结合小说内容可知，Jack把猪头放在一根棍子上，是因为崇拜野兽。故选D。【55题详解】细节理解题。结合小说内容可知，Jack在夜袭中偷了Piggy的眼镜是为自己生火。故选B。【56题详解】细节理解题。结合小说内容可知，Roger推了一下杠杆，一只滚落的大石头砸

到了Piggy，从而杀死了Piggy。故选C。【57题详解】细节理解题。结合小说内容可知，当Ralph获救时，他仍然认为自己是孩子们的领袖。故选C。第二节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分）A阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，

在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Itis___58___(believe)thatthedevelopmentaltransformationcalled“adolescence”canbepainful.Oneofthereasons

is___59___youngpeopleoftenfeelpressedtoredefinetheiridentity.Forexample,comparisonsarealwaysbeingmadewithoutstandingpeersthatrepresentid

ealsforgrowingup.Inconsequence,alotofyoungpeoplemaybeunderconstantpressure.Theythinkifthey___60___(w

ork)harderearlier,theywouldbeabletomeasureupnow.Ifyouarecontinuallyworriedabouttheimperfections,youmayneedanalterativetoidealism.Thatis,thinkabouth

owtodevelopwhatisuniquelyyouratherthanwhyyoucan’tbelikethem.【答案】58.believed59.that60.hadworked【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。人们相信，被称为“青春期”的发育转变可能是痛苦的，文章分析了

会产生这种痛苦的原因。【58题详解】考查固定句型。句意：人们相信，被称为“青春期”的发育转变可能是痛苦的。此处为固定句型Itisbelievedthat…表示“人们相信……”，故填believed。【59题详

解】考查连接词。句意：其中一个原因是年轻人经常感到重新定义自己身份的压力。此处为表语从句，从句中不缺少成分，故用that引导。故填that。【60题详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：他们认为如果他们早些时候努力学习，现在就能达到要

求了。此处表示与过去事实相反，主句用“主语＋would/should/might/couldhave＋动词过去分词”结构；从句用“had＋动词过去分词”结构。故填hadworked。【点睛】名词性从句关键在于三点：一、找准

从句在主句中充当的成分即分出是名词性从句的主语句、宾语从句、表语从句还是同位语从句；二、连接词从句中充当的成分（主、宾、定或状语或不做任何成分）；三、弄清楚每个连接词的意义。此外还要注意，近年来高考对于名词性从句的考查

多从名词性从句的语序和连接词的用法区别上考查。如第二小题，句意：其中一个原因是年轻人经常感到重新定义自己身份的压力。此处为表语从句，从句中不缺少成分，故用that引导。故填that。B阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词

的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。SupermarketsintheUSandCanadahavestartedlimitingthenumberoftoiletpaperpackscustomers___61___buy.

Whyarepeoplebuyingsomuchtoiletpaper___62___doesn’tofferspecialprotectionagainstthevirus?Somesay,___63_

__isnaturalthatpeople,beingsocialcreatures,looktoeachotherforwhatisdangerous.Allthosephotosofemptyshelvesmayleadpeopletobelievethatthe

ymustrushoutandgrabtoiletpaperwhiletheystillcan.Forothers,thefact___64___theymustliveasmuchaspossibleathomemakesiturgentto“stockup”o

nessentials,whichcertainlyincludetoiletpaper.Afterall,ifwerunoutoftoiletpaper,whatdowereplaceitwith?【答

案】61.can/could62.which/that63.it64.that【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。美国和加拿大的超市已经开始限制顾客可以购买的卫生纸的数量。文章分析了产生这一现象的原因。【61题详解】考查情态动词。句意：美国

和加拿大的超市已经开始限制顾客可以购买的卫生纸的数量。根据后文buy为动词原形，可知此处应填情态动词，表示“能够”，故填can/could。【62题详解】考查定语从句。句意：为什么人们要买这么多不能提

供特殊防护的卫生纸？此处为定语从句修饰先行词toiletpaper，且先行词在从句中做主语，指物，故用关系代词which或that。故填which/that。【63题详解】考查代词。句意：有人说，人们作为社会性的生物，相互关注危险的东西是很自然的。此处为it做形式主语结构，构成句型“

itbenatural+that从句”，表示“……是很自然的”。故填it。【64题详解】考查连接词。句意：对另一些人来说，他们必须尽可能多地住在家里，这一事实使得他们迫切需要“储备”生活必需品，其中当然包括卫生纸。此处为同位语从句，解

释fact的内容，从句中不缺少成分，故用that引导。故填that。【点睛】定语从句中的关系词选择，可考虑以下几点：1、看清楚先行词的意义，就是理清先行词是指人、指物、时间、地点、原因。指物时不能用who或whom，指人时通常不用which等等。2、看清楚关系词的句法功能，就是

理清关系词是担任什么句子成分，是作主语还是宾语、是作定语还是状语等等。作定语通常用whose，有时也用which。作状语要用when,where,why。3、看清楚定语从句的种类，就是理清是限制性定语从句还是非限制性定语从句。that、why通常不引导非限制性定语从句。4、

看清楚文体，就是理清是正式文体，还是非正式文体。是书面语体还是口语体。如第二小题，句意：为什么人们要买这么多不能提供特殊防护的卫生纸？此处为定语从句修饰先行词toiletpaper，且先行词在从句中做主语，指物，故用关系代词which或that。故填w

hich/that。C阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Whatdotopmindsfromvariousfieldsthinkabout___65___lifewillbelikein30ye

ars?MathematicalbiologistJoelCohensaysthatthemajorityofthepeopleintheworldwillliveinurbanareas.AccordingtoBillMitchell,directorofMIT

’sSmartCitiesresearchgroup,by2050self-drivingcars___66___(make)theroadssafer,providingmoreefficienttransports.Tofindoutmor

eaboutthepredictionsoffuturelife,atnineo’clocktomorrowmorning,I____67____(attend)aseminarheldbytheFutureWorldForum.【答案】65.what66.wil

lhavemade67.willbeattending【解析】这是一篇说明文。短文先是提到了各个领域的顶尖人物对30年后的生活的预测，接着引出如果想要了解更多关于未来生活的预测，明天早上九点，作者将出席一个由未来世界论坛举办的研讨会。【65题详解】考查连接词。句意：各个领域的顶尖人物是如何

看待30年后的生活的？此处为宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，指代事情应用what引导。故填what。【66题详解】考查动词时态。句意：麻省理工学院智能城市研究小组主任BillMitchell表示，到2050年，自动驾驶汽车将使道路更安全，提供更高效的交通工具。根

据上文by2050可知表示表示在将来某一时间以前已经完成的动作应用将来完成时，故填willhavemade。【67题详解】考查动词时态。句意：为了了解更多关于未来生活的预测，明天早上九点，我将出席一个由未来世界论坛举办的研讨会。根据上文atnineo’clock

tomorrowmorning可知表示将来的某一个时刻正在发生的动作应用将来进行时，故填willbeattending。第四部分书面表达（共15分）68.假设你是红星中学高二学生李华。请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，介绍你在居家自主学习期间第一次为家人做饭的过程，并以“MyFirstCooking

”为题，给校刊“英语角”写一篇英文稿件。提示词：家常菜homelydishes注意：1.词数不少于60；2.可适当增加细节以使行文连贯。____________________________________________________________________

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________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】◇Version1L

astFridayIfinishedmyonlinecoursewitharatherexhaustedmind.WeekdaysarefinallyoverbuttheburdensseemedimpossibletogoawayIwassit

tingbeforemydeskanddoingmyhomework.WhenIlookedattheclock,itwasalready6:20p.m.Iwasstarving,andneitherofmyparentshadreturnedfromwo

rk.Wrestlingwithmyhunger,anideasuddenlyoccurredtome.Whynotcookadishformyparentsmyself?AlthoughI’veneverco

okedbefore.IwassureIcouldfigureitout.Iturnedonmysmartphoneandwentonlinetosearchfortherecipeofhomelydishes.Therewasagreatamountofinformationprov

idedontheInternet,andaftertakingvariousfactorsintoconsideration.Idecidedtocookafish.Theprocesswasnot

sohardasIimagined,asamatteroffact.Ifollowedtheinstructionsstrictlyandwasextremelycarefulnottomissanysingledetailsintheentirepr

ocedure.Theoutcomewasofcoursefarfrombrilliantbutseemedquitedecent.Itactuallytastednotbadatall.Apartfromthemaindish,I

alsocameupwithavegetabledishandsomericeandsoup.Whenmyparentscamehome,theywereliterallyastonished.MomtookpictureswithherphonewhileDadg

avemeanencouragingsmileandabigthumbup.ItwasthefirsttimeIhadcookedandtheexperiencemeanssomuchtome.Itsetmefreefrommybusydailyroutine,giving

meapreciousopportunitytodosomethingfortheonesIcherishandreacttotheirunconditionalsupportthatI’veneglectedforsolong.◇Version2LastFri

day,afterIfinishedmyonlineclasses,IstarteddoinghomeworkasIalwaysdo.TimeseemedtoflybyandasIglancedupattheclock,itwasalready6:20.Myparents

werestillatworkandmustbewornoutafteraweek’sworkSuddenly,anideaflashedthroughmymind—Icouldcookformypa

rents.Asitwasthefirsttimeformetocook,IsearchedfortherecipeofhomelydishesontheInternet.Aftersomecompar

ison,Ichosetwodishesthatmyparentslikedthemost.Dealingwiththefishwasthehardestpart.Afterlayingthefishinthepan,dr

opsofoilspilledoutandlandedonmyfinger.Iwasscaredbutmanagedtocalmdownandrolledoverthefish.Asthecolorofthefishturnedgolden,Iaddedsomesaltandgarl

ic.Finally,Ifinishedmyfirstdishanditsmeltreallygreat.MyparentsarrivedhomethemomentIfinishedcooking.ServingthemwiththefoodImade,Iwasnervo

usbecauseIdidn’tknowifIhadgoteverythingright.Thankfully,mydadgavemeathumb-upafterhisfirstbiteandmymomtookphotost

omarkthisunforgettablemeal.MyparentssaidthatIhadgrown.Iwasdelightedtohearthatandwasreadytoshouldermorethingsformyparentsinthefu

ture.【解析】【分析】这是一篇图画类作文。【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，假设你是红星中学高二学生李华。请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，介绍你在居家自主学习期间第一次为家人做饭的过程，并以“MyFirstCooking”为题，给校刊“英语角”写一篇英文稿件。第2步：根据写作

要求，确定关键词（组）：homelydishes(家常菜)；exhausted(筋疲力尽的)；searchfor(寻找)；asamatteroffact(事实上)；farfrom(远非)等。第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。此

处文章主要应用一般过去时。第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。【点睛】范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方

式，如WhenIlookedattheclock,itwasalready6:20p.m.运用了时间状语从句；AlthoughI’venevercookedbefore,IwassureIcouldf

igureitout.运用了让步状语从句。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。