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2020届高三年级第一次校模拟考试英语试卷本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分，共130分，考试时间为100分钟。答卷前，请务必将自己的姓名、考号、座位号填写在答题卡上和密封线外相应位置。答卷时，务必将答案涂写在答题卡上，答在试卷上的无效。考试结束后，将答题

卡和答题纸一并收回。祝各位同学考试顺利！第Ⅰ卷第一部分：英语知识运用第一节：单项填空从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1.—OK.Hereitis.I’vedecidednottogotou

niversity.IwanttohaveacareerinmusicwhenIleaveschool.—_____________!Whataboutyourfuturecareerasalawyer?A.Ican'tagreemoreB.Youc

an'tbeseriousC.GladtohearthatD.That’sthepoint【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——好的。是这样。我已决定不上大学了。我想在毕业后从事音乐方面的工作。——你不是认真的吧！你将来的律师职业怎么办？A.Ican'tagreemore我完

全同意；B.Youcan'tbeserious你不是认真的吧；C.Gladtohearthat很高兴听你这么说；D.That’sthepoint这正是问题的关键。根据后文Whataboutyourfuturecaree

rasalawyer?可知回答者表示难以置信对方的想法，故B选项“你不是认真的吧！”符合语境。故选B。2.Ihadn'thadtroublelearningEnglishuntilonedayI________

_whethertherewashaminahamburger.A.askedB.hadaskedC.wasaskedD.hadbeenasked【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：我学习英语没有困难，直到

有一天有人问我汉堡包里有没有火腿。根据Ihadn'thadtroublelearningEnglish可知until引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时；“我”和“问”之间是被动关系，用被动语态，故选C。3.SomeofthelanguageusedontheInternet

isdifferentfromthatusedinotherformsof____________________.A.communicationB.exchangeC.literatureD.transport【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：互联网上使用的一些语言不同于其他形式

的交流。A.communication交流；B.exchange交换；C.literature文学；D.transport运输。由SomeofthelanguageusedontheInternet可知，此处指互联网上的语言交流方式，它与其他

形式的交流不一样，communication符合句意。故选A项。4.Onsocialmediasites,peopletendtopostonly_____________updatesthatmakethemappearhappyandfriendly.A.regularB.immediateC

.falseD.positive【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在社交媒体网站上，人们倾向于只发布积极的更新，让自己看起来快乐和友好。A.regular有规律的；B.immediate立即的；C.false错误的；

D.positive积极的。根据“thatmakethemappearhappyandfriendly”可知此处表示“积极的”，故D项正确。5.Afterthepreparationswerecompleted,thedayfinallycame__________thepa

ndasmettheirfansforthefirsttime.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.when【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：准备工作完成后，熊猫第一次见到粉丝的那一天终于到来了。此处为

定语从句修饰先行词day，且先行词在从句中作时间状语，故应用关系副词when引导。故选D。6.TheLongjiRiceTerraces（龙脊梯田）attractmanyvisitorswhocometoadm

irethisgreatwondercreatedbypeopleandnature___________together.A.workB.toworkC.workingD.worked【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查现在分词。句意：龙脊梯田吸引了众多游客前来欣赏

这一人类与自然共同创造的奇迹。主句已有谓语动词attract且无连词，从句已有谓语动词come且无连词，此处用非谓语形式，名词peopleandnature与动词work是主谓关系，应用现在分词（doing）作定语，表主

动。故选C项。7.Ifyoulooktherightway,you___________seethatthewholeworldisagarden.A.canB.mustC.dareD.should【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：如果你看对了方

向（用正确的眼光看世界），你会发现整个世界就是一个大花园。A.can能、会；B.must必须；C.dare敢；D.should应该。根据“Ifyoulooktherightway”可知此处表示“能、会”，故A项正确。8.AccordingtoastudyfromYaleUniver

sity,goodfriendsareoftengeneticallysimilar.________________,goodfriendscanshareupto1%ofthesamegenes.A.AsaresultB.InfactC.AboveallD.Withoutdoubt【答案】

D【解析】【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：根据耶鲁大学的一项研究，好朋友的基因通常是相似的。毫无疑问，好朋友之间有多达1%的相同基因。A.Asaresult结果；B.Infact实际上；C.Aboveall首先；D.Without

doubt毫无疑问。结合上文AccordingtoastudyfromYaleUniversity,goodfriendsareoftengeneticallysimilar.可知研究表明好朋友的基因

通常是相似的。即毫无疑问，好朋友之间有多达1%的相同基因。故选D。9.Thankstoadvancesintechnology,____________wemakefriendsandcommunicatewiththemha

schangedsignificantly.A.whyB.whetherC.howD.where【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查主语从句连接词。句意：感谢科技的进步，我们交朋友和与朋友的交流的方式也发生了重大变化。分析句子结构可知，________wemakefriend

sandcommunicatewiththem是一个主语从句，此句结构完整，不缺成分，由语意可知，此处指我们交朋友和与朋友的交流的方式，应有how引导此从句，表方式。故选C项。10.After-schoolactiv

itiestakeupalotoftime,sostudentshavetolearnto_________theirbusyschedules.A.adoptB.organizeC.highlightD.decline【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句

意：课外活动占用了很多时间，所以学生们必须学会拒绝繁忙的日程安排。A.adopt采用；B.organize组织；C.highlight加强；D.decline拒绝。根据“After-schoolactivitiestakeupalotoftime”可知，学生要学会拒绝繁忙

的日程。故选D。11.Nowadays,wecanmovearoundtheworldandstill____________thepeoplethatwewanttoremainfriendswith.A.stayintouch

withB.makeadifferencetoC.keepourdistancefromD.makeanimpressionon【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查动词短语语义辨析。句意：如今，我们可以走遍世界各地，也可以和我们想要保持朋友关系的人保持联系。A.stayintouchwith与…

…保持联系；B.makeadifferenceto对……有影响；使……有差异；C.keepourdistancefrom保持距离；D.makeanimpressionon给……留下印象。根据后文宾语thepeople的定语从句“thatwewanttoremainfriendswith”

可知，是想和这些人继续做朋友，由此可知，应该保持与这些人的联系。故选A项。12.Thepolicesearchedhisbedroomandfoundhisphone—___________we’dbeenmessaging.A.somethingB.oneC.theoneD.someo

ne【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查代词。句意：警察搜查了他的卧室，发现了他的手机——就是我们一直在发短信的那个。A.something某事；B.one一个（表泛指）；C.theone这/那个（表特指）；D.someone某人。由句意可知

，此处特指手机，应用theone。故选C项。13.Thereareotherlanguagesthatsoundextremelydifferent,________they’reconveyingexactlythesamemeaning.A.asthoughB.eventhou

ghC.sothatD.inthat【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查连词。句意：有些语言听起来非常不同，即使它们传达的意思完全相同。A.asthough好像，仿佛；B.eventhough尽管，即使；C.sothat以便

，所以；D.inthat因为，由于，既然。根据they’reconveyingexactlythesamemeaning可知此处要用连词eventhough引导让步状语从句。故选B项。【点睛】本题考查了eventhough引导让步

状语从句。eventhough/if表示“即使；尽管”，两者的意思和用法都差不多，可以互换，其位置可位于句首，也可以置于句末。如：Hewillcomeontimeeventhoughitrains.即使下雨，他还是会准

时来的。Eventhoughyoudonotlikeit,youmustdoit.即使你不喜欢这工作，你也得做。Weshouldpracticeeconomyevenifwearerich.即使我们富裕了也仍应该厉行节约。Hekeepshis

hatonevenifheisathome.他即使在家也是一直戴着帽子。14.NowadaysthegrowthoffooddeliveryappsinChina______thecountrywithtakeoutcontainersandplasticA.havedrownedB

.hasbeendrownedC.isdrowningD.aredrowned【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查现在进行时态和主谓一致。句意：如今，中国外卖app的发展让整个国家被外卖盒和塑料淹没。根据N

owadays可知句子用现在进行时态，再根据句子主语growth是不可数名词，谓语动词用单数第三人称形式。故选C。15.Englishidiomsareawayofaddingcolortothelanguage

.Forexample,ifthey’rerushingintosomethingandshouldwaitandbepatient,youcouldsay“_______________”.A.killtwobirdswithonestoneB.callitadayC

.addfueltothefireD.holdyourhorses【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查俚语习语辨析。句意：英语习语是为语言增添色彩的一种方式。例如，如果他们急着做某件事，应该耐心等待，你可以说“holdyourho

rses”。A.killtwobirdswithonestone一石二鸟；一箭双雕；B.callitaday今天到此为止；就此结束；C.addfueltothefire火上加油；D.holdyourhorses不要着急，耐心一点。根据前文“ifthey’rerushing

intosomethingandshouldwaitandbepatient”可知，语境条件为“他们急着做某事，应该等待和耐心”，符合选项D“holdyourhorses”语境表达。故选D项。第二节：完形填空阅读短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选

项中，选出最佳选项。WewerenearthesummitoftheHimalayawhenarockgotdislodged(松动).Itcrushedmylowerlegandnearlysevered(割断)myleg.Myclimbingpartn

ergotmeoffthe____16____andtoalocalhospital.Thehospitalwasjust____17____andthenextdayIwasflowntoDelhiandthen,when____18_

___enough,backhome.Afternineoperations,mysurgeonrecommendedanamputation(截肢)ifIwantedtobeableto____19___

_properlyagain.Ifoundtheexperiencetoo____20____forwordsandwasdeterminedtoputoffthe____21____foraslongasp

ossible.Afterleavinghospital,Iwasinawheelchairforthreemonths.GraduallyIwasableto____22____usingcrutches(拐杖).Iboughtanexer

cisebikeand,althoughIcould____23____putanyweightonmyleg,Iuseitfor30minutesthreetimesaweekto____24____somec

irculation.Then,Icouldputmoreweightonitandeven_____25_____aproperbicycleoutdoors.Fouryearsafterthe_____26_____,Iwasabletowalkafewyards

withoutcrutches.Icouldn’tbendmyankleandmyfootwasrigidbut,with_____27_____shoes,Iseemedtobemakingprogress.Igotanewjobandstartedto_____28_____the13mi

lestowork.Onedayonthewayhome,IfoundIhadamechanicalproblemIcouldn’t____29____anddecidedtojogtothebusstop.Th

ebuswaslatesoI_____30_____joggingallthewayhome.Iwas_____31_____,butIrealizedIcouldrunagain.Aboutayearlater,I____32____

alocalmarathon,determinedto____33____thedemons(魔鬼)withinmeandshowtherestoftheworldIcouldstillrun,Iwonbytwoseconds.Thehe

adlineinthelocalpaper_____34_____“MiracleManWinsMarathon”.MysongotholdofoneofthebillboardsandIhaveithunginmyroomtoremindmeof

thepowerof_____35_____overbody.16.A.rockB.legC.mountainD.summit17.A.basicB.modernC.toughD.complex18.A.awareB.st

ableC.positiveD.serious19.A.climbB.talkC.walkD.read20.A.embarrassingB.fascinatingC.thrillingD.depressing21.A.decisionB.conclusi

onC.trainingD.finding22.A.climboverB.ranawayC.getaroundD.hangout23.A.actuallyB.graduallyC.softlyD.barely24.A.maintainB.ba

lanceC.removeD.spread25.A.pushedB.draggedC.rodeD.lifted26.A.admissionB.missionC.accidentD.performance27.

A.adaptedB.usedC.changedD.repaired28.A.jogB.runC.driveD.cycle29.A.imagineB.hideC.fixD.recover30.A.gaveupB.d

evotedtoC.tiredofD.carriedon31.A.putoffB.wornoutC.tornapartD.turneddown32.A.enteredB.watchedC.organizedD.sp

onsored33.A.forgiveB.takeC.acceptD.beat34.A.announcedB.readC.commentedD.wrote35.A.luckB.mindC.knowledgeD.chance【答案】16.C17.A18.B19.C20.D21.A22

.C23.D24.A25.C26.C27.A28.D29.C30.D31.B32.A33.D34.B35.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者登山受伤，医生建议截肢，作者通过自己的努力和顽强的意志慢慢可以骑车，走路到最

后参加马拉松比赛的故事，而领悟到精神的力量凌驾于身体之上。【16题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的登山伙伴带我下了山，送到了当地的医院。A.rock岩石；B.leg腿；C.mountain山脉；D.summit山顶。根据前文“Wewerenearthesum

mitoftheHimalayawhenarockgotdislodged.Itcrushedmylowerlegandnearlyseveredmyleg.”可知，作者在接近喜马拉雅山的山顶时，一块岩石发生了

移动，压碎了作者的小腿，因此应是同伴将他带下山送往医院。故选C项。【17题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：医院是初级的，第二天我就被飞机送到Delhi，等情况稳定后，我就回家了。A.basic基本的；初级的；B.modern现代的；C.t

ough艰苦的；艰难的；D.complex复杂的。根据前文“alocalhospital”可知，同伴将作者送到了当地医院，这种医院应是初级医院，只能得到简单的治疗，因此作者被转院到Delhi。故选A项。【18题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：医院是初级的，第二天我就被飞机送到Delhi，等情况稳定后，我就回家了。A.aware知道的；意识到的；B.stable稳定的；牢固的；C.positive积极的；D.serious严重的；严肃的。根据后文“backhome”可知，作者应是在伤势稳

定的情况之下才回家。故选B项。【19题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在做了九次手术后，我的外科医生建议我截肢，如果我想再次正常行走的话。A.climb攀爬；B.talk谈论；C.walk步行；走路；D.read读书；阅读。根据前文“It

crushedmylowerlegandnearlyseveredmyleg.”可知，作者的腿部受伤严重，应是需要截肢才能再次走路。故选C项。【20题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我觉得这段经历太沮丧压抑了，所以决定尽可能地把这个决定推迟。A.embarrassing尴尬的；B.fascin

ating迷人的；C.thrilling激动人心的；D.depressing令人沮丧的。分析可知，句中theexperience应指作者的遭遇：攀登时腿部严重受伤，需要截肢，这样的经历让作者很沮丧绝望。故选D项。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。

句意：我觉得这段经历太沮丧压抑了，所以决定尽可能地把这个决定推迟。A.decision决定；B.conclusion结论；C.training训练；D.finding发现。根据后文“Afterleavinghospital,Iwasinawheelchairforthreemonths

.”可知，作者出院了，且通过后文阅读可知，没有提及“截肢”，由此推知作者应是当时没有接受医生给予的“截肢”建议，将医生决定的“截肢”尽可能的推迟延后。故选A项。【22题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：渐渐地，

我可以拄着拐杖四处走动了。A.climbover爬过去；B.ranaway逃跑；C.getaround四处转转；D.hangout闲逛。根据空后的“usingcrutches(使用拐杖)”可知，作者使用的是拐杖，应是只能四处转转。故选C项。

【23题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我买了一辆健身自行车，尽管我的腿几乎不能承受任何重量，但我每周使用它三次，每次30分钟，以保持血液循环。A.actually实际上；B.gradually逐渐地；C.softly轻声地；温柔地；D.barely仅仅；几乎不。根据前文“Itc

rushedmylowerlegandnearlyseveredmyleg.”可知，作者腿部受伤严重，应是不能承受任何重量。故选D项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我买了一辆健身自行车，尽管我的腿

几乎不能承受任何重量，但我每周使用它三次，每次30分钟，以保持血液循环。A.maintain保持；B.balance平衡；C.remove移动；D.spread传播。根据前文“althoughIcould____8___putanyweightonmyleg”可知，

作者的腿部受伤严重，无法承受重量，因此需要锻炼不怎么能动的腿以保持（血液）循环。故选A项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，我可以（在腿上）增加重量，甚至在户外骑一辆像样的自行车。A.pushed推；B.dragged拖；拉；C.rode骑；D

.lifted举起；抬起。根据空后的宾语为“bicycle”，应是骑自行车。故选C项。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：事故发生四年后，我不用拐杖就能走几码远了。A.admission许可；承认；B.mission使命；任务；C.a

ccident事故；D.performance表演。结合语境可知，“Fouryearsafterthe___11___”应是指出事后的四年之后。故选C项。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不能弯曲我的脚踝，我的脚僵硬，但有了改良过的鞋子，我似乎

进步了。A.adapted适应；改装；B.used使用；C.changed改变；D.repaired修理。根据前文“Icouldn’tbendmyankleandmyfootwasrigid”可知，作者不能弯曲膝盖，脚也很

僵硬，因此得穿上改良过的鞋子才能看起来（在走路方面）有些进步。故选A项【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我找到了一份新工作，开始骑13英里的自行车去上班。A.jog慢跑；B.run跑步；C.drive开车；D.cycle骑自行车。根据后文

“Onedayonthewayhome,IfoundIhadamechanicalproblem”可知，作者在下班途中遇到了机械方面的问题，结合前文“Then,Icouldputmoreweightonitandeven____10____aproperbicycleout

doors.”提及作者可以骑自行车了，由此推知，作者骑自行车上班。故选D项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一天在回家的路上，我发现我遇到了一个无法解决的技术问题（车坏了），于是我决定慢跑到公交车站。A.imagine想象；B.hide躲藏；C.fix修理；D.reco

ver康复。根据前文“IfoundIhadamechanicalproblem…decidedtojogtothebusstop”可知，作者的自行车出现了问题，决定慢跑到公交车站，由此可知，自行车出现的问题他无法修理。故选C项。【30题详解】考查动词短语

辨析。句意：公交车晚点了，所以我一路慢跑回家。A.gaveup放弃；B.devotedto致力于；献身于；C.tiredof厌倦；厌烦；D.carriedon继续；实施。根据前文“Thebuswaslate”可知，公

交车晚点了，因此，作者应是“一直”慢跑到家。carryondoing，继续做某事，用在句中表达“公共汽车晚点了，作者一路继续慢跑回家”。故选D项。【31题详解】考查短语辨析。句意：我累坏了，但我意识到我又能跑了。A.putoff推迟；B.w

ornout用坏；用尽；使筋疲力尽；C.tornapart使（人们）不和；使分裂；D.turneddown调低；拒绝。根据前文“ThebuswaslatesoI____15___joggingallthewayhome.”可知，作者一路慢跑回家，应是很累

。故选B项。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：大约一年后，我参加了当地的一场马拉松比赛，决心击败内心的恶魔，向世界展示我仍能跑，结果我以两秒的优势获胜。A.entered进入；参加；B.watched观看；C.organi

zed组织；D.sponsored赞助；发起。根据后文Theheadlineinthelocalpaper____19__“MiracleManWinsMarathon”可知，作者参加了马拉松比赛。故选A项。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：大约一

年后，我参加了当地的一场马拉松比赛，决心击败内心的恶魔，向世界展示我仍能跑，结果我以两秒的优势获胜。A.forgive原谅；B.take拿走；C.accept接受；D.beat打败；战胜。分析可知，空后的“thedemons”应是指作者发生

事故后遗留的腿部的伤势而导致的行走不便造成的心理阴影，因此作者决定参加马拉松战胜它。故选D项。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当地报纸的头条写着“奇迹般的人赢得了马拉松”。A.announced宣布；通

告；B.read阅读；写着；C.commented评论；解释；D.wrote写；创作。根据空前主语为“Theheadlineinthelocalpaper(当地报纸的大标题)”，因此，所选动词应是“写着”，选项B“read”可与该主语搭配使用，表达“写着；写成”含义。故选B项。【35题详解】考查

名词词义辨析。句意：我儿子拿到了其中一块广告牌，我把它挂在我的房间里，以提醒我意识到精神的力量凌驾于身体之上。A.luck运气；B.mind精神；想法；C.knowledge知识；D.chance机会。根据前文“Aboutayearlater,I___17___alocalmara

thon,determinedto___18___thedemonswithinmeandshowtherestoftheworldIcouldstillrun,Iwonbytwoseconds.”可知，作者参加马拉松比赛，决心战胜病魔，并且做

到了，说明“精神高于身体的力量”。故选B项。【点睛】语境信息解题法选项重在语意干扰，考生应具有通过上下文提示、暗示或铺垫，对篇章进行整体上的把握的能力。所以，快速浏览全文，迅速领悟篇章主旨，通过上下文语境选择答案选项乃解决完形填空的关键。比如文章第

Igotanewjobandstartedto____13____the13milestowork.13.A.jogB.runC.driveD.cycle该题的答案在前文已有铺垫“Then,Icouldputmoreweightonitandeven_

___10____aproperbicycleoutdoors.”说明作者已经能骑自行车了。因此选择D项。Aboutayearlater,I___17__alocalmarathon,determinedto___18___thedemons(魔鬼)withinmeandshowther

estoftheworldIcouldstillrun,Iwonbytwoseconds.Theheadlineinthelocalpaper____19__“MiracleManWinsMarathon”.17.A.enteredB.watchedC.organizedD.sponsored该

题的答案在下文有铺垫“MiracleManWinsMarathon”，由此可知，作者参加了马拉松比赛。故选A项。第二部分：阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AAssistantPro

fessor,MusicalTheatreDanceWichitaStateUniversityseekstohireafull-time,9-monthassistantprofessor,beginninginAugust.Applicantsarerequiredtohaveadegr

eeindance,teachingexperienceattheprofessionalorcollegelevel,theabilitytodirectandteachstagemovement.Thesalarydepends

onqualificationsandexperience.Forcompleteinformationseehttps://www.wichita.edu.Associate/FullProfessorinTheatreandDanceTheDepart

mentofTheatre&DanceattheUniversityofCalifornia,SanDiego(http://www.theatre.uesd.edu)isseekinganexper

iencedtheatreartistinlightingdesign.Professionalexperienceisrequired.AreviewofapplicationswillstartonJune1.Theapplicationdeadli

ne:September1.TechnicalDirectorinPerformingArtsDeSalesUniversity’sDivisionofPerformingArtsseeksahighlyskilled,profession

altechnicaldirector.Thepositionisa10-month,staffpositionwiththepossibilityofsummeremploymentwiththePennsylvaniaShakespeareFestiva

l.BAdegreeorequivalentprofessionalexperienceisrequired;MFAispreferred.PleaseemailmaterialstoJohn.Bell@desales.edu.Screeningofapplicationsbe

ginsimmediatelyandwillcontinueuntilthepositionisfilled.AssistantDirectorofMediaResourcesCenterMarylandInstitut

eCollegeofArtisseekinganassistantdirectorofMediaResourcesCenterintheOfficeofAcademicAffaira.PositionqualificationsincludeadegreeinArtHistoryorarelate

dfieldwithknowledgeofartanddesignhistory,excellentinterpersonalandcommunicationskillsandfamiliaritywithPhotoshopandscanning.Areviewofapplicationsw

illbeginimmediately.Applicantsmayemailaletterofinteresttojobs@mica.edu.Thesalarydiffersdependingonyourexperience.Pleaseincludedesired

salaryinyourletterofinterest.ApplicationInterestedpersonsshouldelectronicallysubmitacoveringletterhi

ghlightingtheirexperienceandqualifications,andnamesofthreeprofessionalreferenceswithphoneandemailcontactinformationusingtheApplyNo

wlinkabove.36.WichitaStateUniversityoffers_______________.A.Apart-timeassistantprofessorjobB.Ajobwherepeoplecanworkformanyyears.C

.AflexiblepaytothefutureassistantprofessorD.Workthatrequirespeopletoactonthestage37.Ifyouaregoodatcommunica

tingwithothers,youshouldapplyto____________.A.DeSalesUniversityB.WichitaStateUniversityC.TheUniversityofCalifornia,SanDiegoD.Maryl

andInstituteCollegeofArt38.WhatdoweknowaboutpennsylvaniaShakespeareFestival?A.Applicantscanapplyforapositioninitbysendingan

email.B.Thetechnicaldirectorhasanopportunitytoworkforit.C.Itwilllastfor10monthsintotalinsummerseason.D.DeSalesUniversityorganizesthisfestival

everyyear.39.Inwhichsectionofanewspapercanweprobablyfindthepassage?A.EmploymentInformation.B.Univers

ityIntroductionC.InternetTechnology.D.CommercialAdvertisement.【答案】36.C37.D38.B39.A【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四份工作，介绍了职业、任职要

求和联系方式等信息。【36题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段WichitaStateUniversityseekstohireafull-time,9-monthassistantprofessor,beginni

nginAugust.Applicantsarerequiredtohaveadegreeindance,teachingexperienceattheprofessionalorcollegelevel,theabilitytodirectandte

achstagemovement.Thesalarydependsonqualificationsandexperience.可知威奇托州立大学正在招聘一名全职的、九个月的助理教授，从8月份开始。申请者须具有舞蹈专业学位，有专业或大学水平的教学经验，有指导和教授舞台动作

的能力。薪水取决于资格和经验。由此可知，威奇托州立大学为未来的助理教授提供弹性工资。故选C。【37题详解】细节理解题。根据AssistantDirectorofMediaResourcesCenter部分中Positionqualificationsi

ncludeadegreeinArtHistoryorarelatedfieldwithknowledgeofartanddesignhistory,excellentinterpersonalandcommunicationskillsand

familiaritywithPhotoshopandscanning.可知职位资格包括艺术史或相关领域的学位，了解艺术和设计历史，优秀的人际交往和沟通能力，熟悉Photoshop和扫描。由此可知，如果你善于与人交流，你应该申请Me

diaResourcesCenter。故选D。【38题详解】细节理解题。根据TechnicalDirectorinPerformingArts部分中Thepositionisa10-month,staffpositionwiththepossibilityofsummerempl

oymentwiththePennsylvaniaShakespeareFestival.可知该职位为期10个月，有可能在宾夕法尼亚莎士比亚节暑期就业。由此可知，技术总监有机会为宾夕法尼亚莎士比亚节工作。故选B。【39题详解】推理判断题。根据文章主要介绍了四份工作，介绍了职

业、任职要求和联系方式等信息。由此可推知，在报纸的“就业信息”版面我们可能会找到这篇文章。故选A。BTheterm“IronMan”hasmanyconnotations(内涵),includingreferencestoasong,acomicb

ookicon,evenamovie.Yetonlyonedefinitionofthetermtrulylivesuptoitsname:theIronmantriathlonheldannuallyin

Hawaii,apicturesque(独特的)settingforachallengingrace,whichdemandsamazingphysicalprowessandtheabilitytoswim,bike,andrunamarathon,al

linlessthan12hourswithnobreak.Veryfewindividualsareuptothetask.However,GordonHallerisanotableexception.Growingupi

nthe1950s,Hallerdevelopedaninterestinmanysportscategorizedasendurance(耐性)athleticsandwelcomedtheirphysicaldemands.Ashepursuedadegreei

nphysicshedroveataxitopaythebills,butcompetitivetrainingprovedhispassion.Sowhenheheardabouttheracein1978,thefirstyearitwasheld,heimmediatelys

ignedup.Theraceoriginatedinasomewhatamusingway.Themembersofthetwopopularsportsclubs,theMid-PacificRoadRunnersofHonoluluandthe

WaikikiSwimClubofOahu,hadalong-standingandgood-natureddebategoingoverwhomadebetterathletes:runnersorswimmers.However,

somelocalbikesthoughtbothclubswerewrong,claimingthatthey,infact,deservedthetitle.Wantingtosettlethedi

spute(争论)onceandforall,theydecidedtocombinethreeseparateracesalreadyheldannuallyontheislandintoonemassivetestofendurance.Thus,theWa

ikikiRoughwaterSwimof2.4miles,theAround-OahuBikeraceof112miles,andtheHonoluluMarathonof26.2mileswereallputtogeth

ertoformtheIronmanTriathlon.HallerwasoneofonlyfifteencompetitorstoshowupthatFebruarymorningtostarttherace.Hequicklyscannedthefew

pagesofrulesandinstructions,andonthelastpagehediscoveredasentencethatwouldbecometherace’sfamousslogan:“Swim2.4miles!Bike112miles!Run26.2miles

!Brag(吹牛)fortherestofyourlife!”Hallertookthattoheart,andattheendoftheday,hebecamethefirstIronmanchampioninhistory.Haller’sphysicalstren

gthenabledhimtodowhatnooneelseinthepasthadaccomplished.Intheapproximatelythirtyyearssincethatveryfirstrace,theIronmanhasbecomeatraditioninHawaiiandno

wboastsapproximately1500entrantseveryyear.Thecompetitorswhocompletetheracedon’thavetobethefirstacrossthefinishlinetoclaim

success:justfinishingisavictoryontoitself.40.The“IronMan”inthepassageaboverefersto____________.A.afolksongB.amoviecharac

terC.atriathlonathleteD.asportsevent41.WhatdoweknowaboutGordonHallerfromthepassage?A.Hehadagreatinterestinallki

ndsofsports.B.HewasamemberoftheWaikikiSwimClubofOahu.C.Hebecameataxidriverafterhegraduatedfromschool.D

.HewasthechampioninthefirstIronmanTriathlon.42.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“prowess”inthefirstparagraphmean?A.musclesB.skillsC.balanc

eD.reaction43.TheIronmanracewasbornduetothefactthat__________.A.Thetwoclubsfoughtoverwhomadebetterathletes.B.GordonHallerw

antedtoshowhisgreatendurance.C.Thecombinedracecanhelpchoosethemostathletic.D.Clubmemberswantedtoimprovetheirphysicalabil

ities.44.WhatcanweinferfromthepassageaboutthefirstIronmanTriathlon?A.Participantshadtochoosetwofromthe

threeracesinthefirstIronmanTriathlon.B.Hallermaynothaveknowntherulesofitbeforeheshowedupfortheevent.C.NoothercompetitorsotherthanHallerfinis

hedtheracesintheend.D.SixteencompetitorsintotalparticipatedinitonFebruarymorning.45Whatdoesthelastparagraphtrytotellus?A.Itistheparti

cipationratherthanvictorythatcounts.B.ThecurrentIronmanTriathlonisdifferentfromtheoriginalone.C.Thevictorsrespondexc

itedlywhencrossingthefinishline.D.Theeventattractsmanypeoplebecauseitcreatesgoodfortune.【答案】40.D41.D42.B43.C44.B45.A【解析】【分析】

这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了铁人三项赛的创立和历史上第一位铁人三项赛冠军。【40题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段内容“Yetonlyonedefinitionofthetermtrulylivesuptoitsname:t

heIronmantriathlonheldannuallyinHawaii,apicturesquesettingforachallengingrace(然而，只有一种定义名副其实：每年在风景如画的夏威夷举

行的铁人三项赛)”可知，本文所指的应是“铁人三项赛”，是一种运动比赛。故选D项。【41题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四段内容“attheendoftheday,hebecamethefirstIronmanchamp

ioninhistory”可知，他成为了历史上第一个铁人三项冠军。选项D“HewasthechampioninthefirstIronmanTriathlon.”与原文内容表达信息一致。故选D项。【42题详解】词义猜测题。根据划线单词所在句“whichdemandsam

azingphysicalprowessandtheabilitytoswim,bike,andrunamarathon,allinlessthan12hourswithnobreak.”可知，and为并列连词，划线单词应是与之后的ability为并列结构，同义表达，a

bility句中指“能力”，由此可推知“prowess”应是“技能”含义。故选B项。【43题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段内容“Theraceoriginatedinasomewhatamusingway.Themembersofthetwopopularsportsclubs,

theMid-PacificRoadRunnersofHonoluluandtheWaikikiSwimClubofOahu,hadalong-standingandgood-natureddebategoingoverwhomadebetterathletes:runnersorswim

mers.However,somelocalbikesthoughtbothclubswerewrong,claimingthatthey,infact,deservedthetitle.Wantingtosettlethedisputeonceandforall

,theydecidedtocombinethreeseparateracesalreadyheldannuallyontheislandintoonemassivetestofendurance.(这场比赛以某种有趣的方式开始

。火奴鲁鲁的中太平洋公路赛跑者和瓦胡岛的怀基基游泳俱乐部这两个受欢迎的体育俱乐部的成员就谁是更好的运动员进行了一场长期友好的辩论：赛跑者还是游泳者。然而，一些当地自行车俱乐部认为这两个俱乐部都错了，声称他们事实上应该获得冠军。为了一劳永逸地解决争议，

他们决定将岛上每年举行的三场独立比赛合并成一场耐力的大规模测试。)”可知，设立这项比赛的初衷是综合比赛可以帮助选择最具运动能力的运动员。故选C项。【44题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第四段内容Hequicklysc

annedthefewpagesofrulesandinstructions,andonthelastpagehediscoveredasentencethatwouldbecometherace’sfamousslogan:“Swim2.4miles!Bik

e112miles!Run26.2miles!Bragfortherestofyourlife!”Hallertookthattoheart,andattheendoftheday,hebecamethef

irstIronmanchampioninhistory(他迅速浏览了几页规则和说明，在最后一页，他发现了一句将成为比赛著名口号的话：“游2.4英里！自行车112英里！跑26.2milcsl吹牛一辈子！”Haller将此铭记于心，最终，

他成为历史上第一位铁人三项冠军)可知，他没有仔细浏览规则，受到口号的激励而奋勇拼搏成为历史上第一位铁人三项冠军。选项B“Hallermaynothaveknowntherulesofitbeforeheshowedupfortheevent.”(Haller

在参加比赛前可能不知道比赛规则。)为合理推断。故选B项。【45题详解】推理判断题。根据文章末尾内容“Thecompetitorswhocompletetheracedon’thavetobethefirstacrossthefinishlinetoclaim

success:justfinishingisavictoryontoitself.”可知，完成比赛的参赛者不一定是第一个冲过终点线的人才能宣称成功，仅仅是完成比赛本身就是一种胜利，可推知，作者最后一段想要表达的是：重要的

是参与，而不是胜利。故选A项。【点睛】细节理解题考查内容主要涉及时间、地点、人物、事件、原因、结果、数字等议论文中例证细节和定义类细节。这类题目的共同特点是：答案一般都能在文章中找到。当然，答案并不一定是文章中的原句，考生需要根据文章提供的信息

自己组织语句回答问题。比如文章的第1小题：1.The“IronMan”inthepassageaboverefersto____________.A.afolksongB.amoviecharacterC.atriathlonathleteD

.asportsevent根据关键词定位到文章内容“Yetonlyonedefinitionofthetermtrulylivesuptoitsname:theIronmantriathlonheldannuallyinHawaii,apicturesquesettingforachallengi

ngrace”，可知，本文中的“IronMan”应是“theIronmantriathlon(铁人三项赛)”，一种运动赛事。故选D项为答案。CSpendingoverayearinthebleak(荒凉的)Antarctica

mightchangeyourbrainfortheworse,accordingtonewresearchoutthismonth.Itseemstoshowthatpolarexplorerswholivedfor14monthsatanAntarctic

aresearchstationexperiencedbrainshrinkage,likelyasaresultoftheirlonelinessandboredom.Thestudy’sauthorsusedMRI(核磁共振)toscanthebrainsofeight

membersofateambeforetheybeganalongstayattheGerman-runresearchstation.Duringtheirmission.theteamperiodicallytooktestsoftheircognitionandmem

oryandprovidedbloodsamplesthatallowedthestudyauthorstomeasuretheirlevelsofaproteinimportantforbrainhealthcalledbrain-derivedneurotroph

icfactor(BDNF).Whentheyreturned,theyhadtheirbrainsscannedagain.Finally,comparedtothemselvesbeforethe

mission,theexplorers'brainsappearedtohavelessgreymatteronaverage.Theshrinkagewasmostapparentinthehippocampus,inareaoftheb

rainkeytomemoryandcognition.TheiraveragelevelsofBDNFalsodroppedduringthetripanddidn’timprovesignificantlyevenafterone-and-a-h

alfmonthsbackhome.Thestudy'sfindings,publishedinTheNewEnglandJournalofMedicine,aren'tthefirsttosuggestthatlongtimeofbei

ngseparatedcanchangethebrain.Butpracticallyallofthisworkhasinvolvedanimals,accordingtotheresearchers.Ofcourse,aneight-

personstudyissmall,soanyofitsconclusionsshouldbetakenwithcaution.LeadauthorAlexanderC.Stahn,nowaresearcheratthePerelmanSchoolofMedicineatt

heUniversityofPennsylvania,saidthattheeffectsonthehippocampusarelikelytemporary,providedthescientistsreturnedbacktoali

fefilledwithsocialinteractionandinterestingthingstosee.Still,sincepeoplewillcontinuetravelingtoandfromAntar

cticaforlongperiodsoftime,thefindingsaredefinitelyworthkeepinginmindandexploringfurther.Theymightevenproverelevantfortherarefewpeop

lewhomighttravelasfarasMarsinthefuture—perhapstheonlysimilarlyscientific,months-longmissionthatwouldbeevenmorelonely.46.Whatwilldodamageto

thebrainaccordingtothefirstparagraph?A.DoingresearchinbrainshrinkageB.TravelingtotheAntarctica.C.Workingasar

esearcherinastation.D.Beinginalonelyplaceforalongtime.47.Howdidthescientistsgettheconclusion?A.Bycomparingthescannedresults.B.Bystudyi

ngthepreviousfigures.C.Bymakingalong-termprogram.D.Byscanningtheparticipants’brains.48.Whatcanweinferabouttheexplorerswhentheyreturne

d?A.Theywerenolongerusedtothecivilizedworld.B.Theyhadsomedifficultyinrememberingthings.C.Theybecamenormala

fterone-and-a-halfmonths.D.Theypublishedtheirfindingsinamedicalmagazine.49.Whatcanwelearnaboutthestudy?

A.Thescientistsareprovidedwithvarioussocialactivities.B.Longtimeofbeingseparatedcanchangethebrainofallanimals.C.Otherresearcheshavethesamefindingsast

hestudy.D.Itsconclusionmayberelevantforthosewhoarcfondoftravelling.50.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.Theimportanceofthefinding.B.Thedisadvantag

eofthefinding.C.Thefuturedevelopmentofthespace.D.ThepossibilityoftravellingtoMars.【答案】46.D47.A48.B49.C50.A【解析】

这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了有研究表明，在一个孤独的地方呆了很长时间会对大脑造成损害。文介绍了这项研究的过程、相关研究人员对此的看法和这一发现的重要性。【46题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段Spendingoverayearinthebleak(荒凉的)Antarcticamightchan

geyourbrainfortheworse,accordingtonewresearchoutthismonth.Itseemstoshowthatpolarexplorerswholivedfor14monthsatanAntarcticares

earchstationexperiencedbrainshrinkage,likelyasaresultoftheirlonelinessandboredom.可知，根据本月公布的一项新研究，在荒凉的南极洲度过一年多可能会让你的大脑变得更糟。这似乎表明，在南极研究站生活了14个

月的极地探险家的大脑出现了萎缩，可能是由于他们的孤独和无聊。由此可知，在一个孤独的地方呆了很长时间会对大脑造成损害。故选D。【47题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段Thestudy’sauthorsusedMRI(核磁共振)toscanthebrainsofeigh

tmembersofateambeforetheybeganalongstayattheGerman-runresearchstation.Duringtheirmission.theteamperiodicallytooktestsoftheircogniti

onandmemoryandprovidedbloodsamplesthatallowedthestudyauthorstomeasuretheirlevelsofaproteinimportantforbrainhealthcalledbrain-derivedneur

otrophicfactor(BDNF).Whentheyreturned,theyhadtheirbrainsscannedagain.(该研究的作者在一个团队的8名成员开始在德国运营的研究站长期停留之前，使用核磁共振成像扫描了他们的大脑。在他们执行任务过程中，研究小

组定期对他们的认知和记忆进行测试，并提供血样，使研究作者能够测量他们的一种叫做脑源性神经营养因子的蛋白质水平，这种蛋白质对大脑健康很重要。当他们返回时，再次对他们的大脑进行扫描)以及第三段Finally,comparedtothemselvesbefor

ethemission,theexplorers'brainsappearedtohavelessgreymatteronaverage.Theshrinkagewasmostapparentinthehippocampus,inare

aofthebrainkeytomemoryandcognition.TheiraveragelevelsofBDNFalsodroppedduringthetripanddidn’timprovesignificantlyevenafterone-and-a-halfmonthsb

ackhome.可知，最后，与执行任务前相比，探险者的大脑平均灰质较少。海马的萎缩最为明显，海马是大脑中记忆和认知的关键区域。他们的平均BDNF水平在旅途中也有所下降，即使在回家一个半月后也没有明显改善。由此

可知，科学家通过比较扫描结果得出结论。故选A。【48题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中Finally,comparedtothemselvesbeforethemission,theexplorers'brains

appearedtohavelessgreymatteronaverage.Theshrinkagewasmostapparentinthehippocampus,inareaofthebrainkeytomemoryandcognition.可知，最后，与执行任务前

相比，探险家的大脑平均灰质较少。海马的萎缩最为明显，海马是大脑中记忆和认知的关键区域。由此可推知，当探险家返回时，他们在记忆方面有些困难。故选B。【49题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中Thestudy'sfindin

gs,publishedinTheNewEnglandJournalofMedicine,aren'tthefirsttosuggestthatlongtimeofbeingseparatedcanchangethebrain.可知，这项研究发表在《新英格兰医学杂志》上，并不是第一个表明

长时间的隔绝会改变大脑的研究。由此可知，其他研究与本研究有相同的发现。故选C。【50题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段Still,sincepeoplewillcontinuetravelingtoandfromAntarcticaforlongperiodso

ftime,thefindingsaredefinitelyworthkeepinginmindandexploringfurther.Theymightevenproverelevantfortherarefewpeoplew

homighttravelasfarasMarsinthefuture—perhapstheonlysimilarlyscientific,months-longmissionthatwouldbeevenm

orelonely.可知，尽管如此，由于人们将在很长一段时间内继续往返于南极洲之间，这些发现绝对值得我们牢记在心，并进行进一步的探索。他们甚至可能会被证明与未来可能远行到火星的极少数人有关——也许只有类似的科学性、长达数月的任务才会更

加孤独。由此可知，最后一段主要讲了这一发现的重要性。故选A。DAremotecontrolisseeminglycapableofinvisiblemagictomostofus.Wejustassumeitshould.Andthelo

ngeragiventechnologyexits,themorewetakeitforgranted.Considerforamomentasplitscreenshowingmodemremotecontroluse

rsversusthefirstremotecontrolusers:theoriginaluserswouldbecarefullyaimingtheremotedirectlyatthetelevision,readingthenamesofth

ebuttonstofindtherightone,andintentionallypressingthebuttonwithaforcethataddsnothingtotheeffectivenessofthedevice.T

hemodernuserswouldbeleaningonasofa,pointingtheremoteanywhichwayinstinctively（本能的）feelingforthebuttontheydesired,intuiting（凭直觉知道）itssize,

shape,andpositionontheremote.Humansareknownforbeinghandywithtools,soitisnosurprisethatwegetsocomfortablewithourtechnology.However,aswebecomei

ncreasinglycomfortablewithhowtousenewtechnologies,webecomelessawareofhowtheywork.Mostpeoplewhousemoderntechnologyknownoth

ingofitsunderlyingscience.Theyhavespentneithermentalnorfinancialresourcesonitsdevelopment.Andyet,ratherthanbehumbled（使谦逊）byitsoriginality,weconsu

mersoftenbecomeunfairlydemandingofwhatourtechnologyShoulddoforus.Manyofthelandmarkinventionsofthetwentiethc

enturyfollowedpredictabletracks:initialversionsofeachtechnology(television,videogames,computers,cellphones,etc.)succeededinimpressingthegeneral

public.Then,thesewonderfulnewinventionsquicklybecamecommonplace.Soon,thefocusofconsumerattitudestowardsthemchan

gedfromgratitudewithrespecttodiscriminatingpreference.Televisionsneededtobebiggerandhaveahigherresolution.Videog

amesneededtobemorerealistic.Computersneededtobemorepowerfulyetsmallerinsize.Cellphonesneededtobesmalleryetcapableofperformingothertaskssuchas

takingpictures,accessingtheInternet,andevenplayingmovies.Forchildrenofthelasttwentyyearsbornintothismodernlife,thesetechnolog

icalmarvelsseemlikeelementsoftheperiodictable:agiveningredientthatissimplypartoftheuniverse.Youngergenerationsdon'

teventrytoimaginelifewithoutmodemconveniences.Theydonotappreciatetheunprecedented（史无前例的）technologythatisintheirpossession;rather,t

heycomplainaboutthewaysinwhichitfailstoliveuptoidealexpectations.“Mydigitalvideorecorderathomedoesn'tallowmetoprogramitfrommycomputeratwork.”

“It'stakingtoolongforthisinteractivemaptodisplayonmyportableGPS”.Ifitsoundsasthoughwe'reneversatisfied,wearen't.

Ofcourse,ourcomplaintsdoactuallymotivateengineerstocontinuallyrefinetheirproducts.Afterall.attherootofourto

ol-makinginstinctisthenotion(观念）that“theremustbeabetterway.”Thus,theshortcomingsofanycurrentversionoftec

hnologyarepinnedonthelimitationsofitsdesigners,andtheexpectationisthatsomeone,somewhereisworkingonho

wtomaketheexistingproductevenbetter.51.Thesecondparagraphisusedtosuggestthat______________.A.modemhumansdonotpayenoughattentio

ntoinstructionsB.remotecontrolshavebecomefarmoreeffectiveovertheyearsC.consumerbehaviortowardnewformsoftechnologychangesovertimeD.thefi

rstconsumersofnewtechnologyusednewdeviceswitheaseandcomfort52.Thepassagestatesthatoriginalusersofremot

econtrolslikely__________.A.havenoinstinctivefeelingforsizesandshapesB.pressthebuttonsharderthanitisnecessaryC.don'ttrustontheeffectivenessofremot

econtrolD.havedifficultyreadingthenamesofthebuttons53Whichofthefollowingcanillustratepeople'sdiscriminatingp

reference?A.Peopletakeagiventechnologyforgranted.B.Consumersexpectmorepowerfulcomputers.C.Childrenlackpatienc

ewiththeshortcomingsoftechnology.D.Originalusersunfairlydemandofwhattechnologyshoulddo.54.Whatdoestheunderlinedstateme

ntinparagraph6probablymean?A.Spaceexplorationprovidesuswithnewtechnology.B.Adultslearntechnologywhiletheyaredoinghouseholdchores

.C.Highexpectationmakesupforthelimitationoftechnologydesigners.D.Consumersregardmanytechnologicalinventionsasunremarkab

le55.Thewriterthinksthewaypeopleconsidertechnology____________.A.encouragedesigners'creativityB.limithu

mans’productivityC.raiseconsumers'expectationD.guaranteeusers'satisfaction【答案】51.C52.B53.B54.D55.A【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了消

费者对新技术形式的行为会随着时间的推移而改变。每种技术（电视、视频游戏、计算机、手机等）的最初版本成功地给大众留下了深刻的印象。然后，这些奇妙的新发明很快就变得司空见惯了。很快，消费者对他们的态度焦点从

感恩转向歧视性偏好。当然，人们看待技术的方式确实鼓励了设计师的创造力。【51题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段theoriginaluserswouldbecarefullyaimingtheremotedirectlyatthetelevision,reading

thenamesofthebuttonstofindtherightone,andintentionallypressingthebuttonwithaforcethataddsnothingtotheeffectivenes

softhedevice.Themodernuserswouldbeleaningonasofa,pointingtheremoteanywhichwayinstinctively（本能的）feelingforthebuttontheydesired,

intuiting（凭直觉知道）itssize,shape,andpositionontheremote.（最初的用户会仔细地将遥控器对准电视机，阅读按钮的名称以找到正确的按钮，然后有意地以一种不会增加设备有效性的力度按下按钮。现代的用户可能会靠在

沙发上，将遥控器指向任何方向，本能地感受他们想要的按钮，凭直觉判断遥控器的大小、形状和位置）可推知第二段是用来说明消费者对新技术形式的行为会随着时间的推移而改变。故选C。【52题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段theoriginaluserswouldbecarefullyaim

ingtheremotedirectlyatthetelevision,readingthenamesofthebuttonstofindtherightone,andintentionallypressingthebuttonwith

aforcethataddsnothingtotheeffectivenessofthedevice.（最初的用户会仔细地将遥控器对准电视机，阅读按钮的名称以找到正确的按钮，然后有意地以一种不会增加设备有效性的

力度按下按钮）可知文中指出，最初使用遥控器的用户按下按钮的力度可能比必要的更大。故选B。【53题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段Soon,thefocusofconsumerattitudestowardsthemchangedfromgratitu

dewithrespecttodiscriminatingpreference.（很快，消费者对他们的态度重心从感恩转向了歧视性偏好）和第五段Computersneededtobemorepowerfulyetsmallerinsize.（计算机需要功能更强大但体积更小）可知“消费者期待

更强大的电脑”可以说明人们的歧视性偏好。故选B。【54题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线句后面的句子agiveningredientthatissimplypartoftheuniverse.Youngergenerationsdon'teventrytoimaginelifewithoutmodem

conveniences.Theydonotappreciatetheunprecedented（史无前例的）technologythatisintheirpossession;rather,theycomplainaboutthewaysinwhichit

failstoliveuptoidealexpectations.（一个给定的成分，只是宇宙的一部分。年轻一代甚至不去想象没有现代便利设施的生活。他们不欣赏他们所拥有的前所未有的技术;相反，他们抱怨它无法达到理想的期望）可推知，划线的句子意思是消费

者认为许多技术发明很平常。故选D。【55题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段Ofcourse,ourcomplaintsdoactuallymotivateengineerstocontinuallyrefinetheirprodu

cts.（当然，我们的抱怨确实激励着工程师不断改进他们的产品）可推知作者认为人们看待技术的方式鼓励了设计师的创造力。故选A。第II卷第三部分：写作第一节：阅读表达阅读下列短文，按照要求用英文回答问题.WhenVeronikaScottwasastudentattheCollegeforCre

ativeStudiesinDetroit.Michigan,shereceivedataskto“designtofillaneed.”Shedreamedupanideaforovercoatsthatwoulddoubleassleeping

bags,made25ofthem,andhandedthemouttopeoplelivinginsheltersonanabandonedcityplayground.Whilehereffortsweregreetedmostlywithen

thusiasmfromthosebravingDetroit'scoldwinters,onewomanvoiceddissatisfaction.“Wedon'tneedcoats;weneedjobs.”shetoldVeronika.Thens

hehadhersecondinspiration.Aftergraduatingfromcollegein2012,VeronikafoundedtheEmpowermentPlan,anonprofitorganization.Shehiredtwoho

melesswomentosewthecoatsandpaidthemwithdonationsshereceivedthroughherblog.Now,theEmpowermentPlanemploysabout20peopleandhasprod

ucedmorethan10,000coatsanddistributedthemin30states,Canada,andelsewhereabroad.“Wedon'trequirepreviousem

ployment,”Veronikasays.“We’relookingforpeoplewhoaremotivated."TheEmpowermentPlanprovidesfreeclassesandlendsmoneytothosewhoqualify.Nearlya

lltheemployeeseventuallymoveintopermanenthousing,andsomegetjobsintheautoindustryandconstruction.Veronikahasbetteredthecoat'sdes

ignbymakingitsouterlayerofalightweightmaterialthatresistsair,wind,andwateranditsinnerlayerofamaterialthatstoresbodyheat.

Still,Veronikaislessfocusedonthecoatsthanontheworkerswhomakethem.“Attheendoftheday,”shesays,“thecoatisavehicleforustoemploypeople.”56.Wha

tdidVeronikaScottdotofinishhertaskfromherstudies?(nomorethan15words)57.WheredidVeronikaScottgethersecondinspiration?(nomorethan10words)58.W

hatisVeronika’spurposeoffoundingEmpowermentPlan?(nomorethan10words)59.WhatdoestheunderlinedwordmeanintheParagraph?(nomorethan1words)60.

WhatdoyouthinkofVeronika?Why?(nomorethan20words)【答案】56.Shedesignedandmadeovercoatsandgavethemawaytohomelesspeople.Or:She

madeovercoatsandhandedthemouttothehomeless.57.Fromthewomanwhovoicedherdissatisfaction.Or:Fromthewomanwhowasdissatisfiedw

ithwhatshedid58.Toenablehomelesspeopletohelpthemselves.Or:Tohelphomelesspeoplemakealivingontheirown59.

Way.Or.Method.60.Sheiscaringandcreative,becauseshehascomeupwithseveralideastohelpthepoor.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了Vero

nikaSott通过给流浪者设计睡袋，并通过theEmpowermentPlan（赋权计划）给无家可归的人提供工作机会，进而帮助他们改变现状的故事。【56题详解】细节理解题。从第一段的句子Shedreamedupanideaforo

vercoatsthatwoulddoubleassleepingbags,made25ofthem,andhandedthemouttopeoplelivinginsheltersonanabandonedcityplayg

round.可知，她想出了一个主意，可以兼做睡袋的大衣，她做了25件，并分发给住在城市废弃操场上避难所的人们。结合字数限制，故答案是Shedesignedandmadeovercoatsandgavethemawaytohomelesspeople.Or:Shem

adeovercoatsandhandedthemouttothehomeless.【57题详解】推理判断题。从第一段的句子…onewomanvoiceddissatisfaction.“Wedon'tneedcoats;weneedjobs.”shetoldVeronika.Thensheha

dhersecondinspiration.…一位女性表达了不满。她对Veronika说：“我们不需要大衣，我们需要工作。”于是Veronika就有了第二灵感。又从第二段的句子：Aftergraduatingfromcol

legein2012,VeronikafoundedtheEmpowermentPlan,anonprofitorganization.2012年大学毕业后，Veronika创立了非盈利组织“赋权计划”。推理

可知，Veronika的第二个灵感是因为那位女性的表达的不满言语得来的，结合字数限制，故答案是Fromthewomanwhovoicedherdissatisfaction.Or:Fromthewomanwhowasdissat

isfiedwithwhatshedid【58题详解】推理判断题。从第二段句子Shehiredtwohomelesswomentosewthecoatsandpaidthemwithdonationsshereceivedthroughherblog.她雇佣了两名无家

可归的妇女来缝制这些外套，并用她通过博客收到的捐款来支付她们的工资。又从第三段句子Nearlyalltheemployeeseventuallymoveintopermanenthousing,andsomegetjo

bsintheautoindustryandconstruction.几乎所有的雇员最终都搬进了永久性住房，有些人也在汽车行业和建筑业找到了工作。由此可推之，创办EmpowermentPlan的目的就是为

了给无家可归的人提供帮助，给他们工作机会，自己谋生。结合字数限制，故答案是Toenablehomelesspeopletohelpthemselves.Or:Tohelphomelesspeoplemakealivingo

ntheirown【59题详解】词义猜测题。从第四句Veronikaislessfocusedonthecoatsthanontheworkerswhomakethem.“Attheendoftheday,”shesays,“thecoatisavehicleforustoemploypeop

le.”不过，比起外套，Veronika更关注生产这些外套的工人。“说到底，”她说，“这件外套是我们雇佣员工的工具。”可推知，Veronika更关注的是生产工人，而不是外套本身，因此外套只是雇佣员工的一个方法而已。结合字数限制，故答案是Way.Or.Method.【60题详解】推理判断题。从第一段

句子Thenshehadhersecondinspiration.可知，然后她就有了第二个灵感。由此可推知，她能从身边的事情中获取灵感，证明了她具有创造力。又从第三段句子TheEmpowermentPlan

providesfreeclassesandlendsmoneytothosewhoqualify.授权计划提供免费课程，并借钱给那些有资格的人。可推知，她创办的非营利组织非常具有关怀性。结合字数限制，故答案是Sheiscaringandcreative,becauseshehas

comeupwithseveralideastohelpthepoor.【点睛】阅读表达题测试目的是从多方位多角度考查阅读获取信息、处理信息并进行书面表达的能力。比传统的阅读理解题型更具有综合性和主观性，更能体现学生的综合语言运用能力。在回答问题前，要认真审题，

判断问题的类型，弄清题目目的要求；回答要有针对性，避免答非所问；同时还要注意问题后的字数要求，回答要简洁，语言表达准确。第二节：书面表达61.假设你是高三学生李津，你的美国朋友James接到华盛顿大学的录取通知，现正在考虑住宿

问题。他有两个选择；每月花450美元与随机分配的某位新生合住一间学校宿舍；或者每月花600美元与朋友同租设备齐全离学校步行而是分钟的公寓。他写信征求你的建议。请你给他写封回信，主要内容如下：1.祝贺他被华盛顿大学录取。2.

给出你的建议及理由。注意：1.词数不少于100词2.信的开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数DearJames:______________________________________________________________________

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_______________________________________YoursLiJin【答案】IamverygladtohearthatyouhavebeenadmittedtotheUniversityofWash

ington.Congratulationstoyou!Inyourlastletter,youmentionedthatyouwereintwomindsaboutaccommodation.Yousaidyouhadtw

ooptions:pay$450amonthtoshareadormroomwitharandomlyassignedfreshman.Orrentawell-equipped20-minutewalkfroms

choolwithafriendfor$600amonth.Inmyopinion,livingintheschooldormitoryisagoodchoice.First,itissafe.Second,itischeap.Thirdly,yo

uhavemoreopportunitiestogetalongwithandcommunicatewithyourclassmates.Fourth,youcanmakebetteruseoftheschool'sconveni

entteachingresources.Iamlookingforwardtohearingfromyou.【解析】【分析】这篇书面表达是一篇应用文写作。假设你是高三学生李津，你的美国朋友James接到华盛顿大学的录取通知，现正在考虑住宿问题。他有两个选择；每月花450美元与随机分配的某

位新生合住一间学校宿舍；或者每月花600美元与朋友同租设备齐全离学校步行而是分钟的公寓。他写信征求你的建议。请你给他写封回信。【详解】假设你是高三学生李津，你的美国朋友James接到华盛顿大学的录取通知，现正在考虑住宿问题。他有两个选择；每月花4

50美元与随机分配的某位新生合住一间学校宿舍；或者每月花600美元与朋友同租设备齐全离学校步行而是分钟的公寓。他写信征求你的建议。请你给他写封回信，主要内容如下：1.祝贺他被华盛顿大学录取。2.给出你的建议及理由。分析可

知，应该以第一人称为主，一般现在时和一般过去时进行写作。考生要先想好写哪几点，运用合适的语法规则和词汇把各要点都准确表述出来。描述要尽量选择简洁的语言，难点在于选择词汇和句型，可以灵活运用高级词汇和固定短语准确表述。还要用适当的连接词把句子连接起来，

这样文章显得更连贯。【点睛】这篇书面表达的关键在于句子内容的准确表述，同时注意谋篇布局的顺序，运用合适的连接词连接全文，同时选择高级的词汇和语法项目让文章更有文采。IamverygladtohearthatyouhavebeenadmittedtotheUniversi

tyofWashington.宾语从句的运用；Inyourlastletter,youmentionedthatyouwereintwomindsaboutaccommodation.宾语从句的运用。