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专题11阅读理解记叙文1.（2023年全国甲卷B篇）TerriBoltonisadabhandwhenitcomestoDIY(do-it-yourself).Skilledatputtingupshelvesandpiecingtogetherfurnitu

re,sheneverpayssomeoneelsetodoajobshecandoherself.ShecreditstheseskillstoherlategrandfatherandbuilderDerekLloyd.Fromtheageofsix,

Terri,now26,accompaniedDerektoworkduringherschoolholidays.Aday’sworkwasrewardedwith£5inpocketmoney.Shesays:“I’msureIwasn’tm

uchofahelptostartwithpaintingtheroomsandputtingdowntheflooringthroughoutthehouse.Ittookweeksandiswasbackbreakingwork,butIkno

whewasproudofmyskills.”Terri,whonowrentsabhousewithfriendsinWandsworth,SouthWestLondon,saysDIYalsosavesherfrom

losinganydepositwhenatenancy(租期)comestoanend.Sheadds:“I’vemovedhousemanytimesandIalwaysliketopersonalisemyroom

andputuppictures.So,it’sbeenusefultoknowhowtocoverupholesandrepaintaroomtoavoidanychargeswhenI’vemovedout.”Withmillionsofpeoplelikel

ytotakeonDIYprojectsoverthatcomingweeks,newresearchshowsthatmorethanhalfofpeopleareplanningtomakethemostofthelong,warmsummerdaystog

etjobsdone.Theaveragespendperprojectwillbearound£823.Twothirdsofpeopleaimtoimprovetheircomfortwhileathome.Twofifthwish

toincreasethevalueoftheirhouse.ThoughDIYhastraditionallybeenseenasmalehobby,theresearchshowsitiswomenn

owleadingthecharge.4．Whichisclosestinmeaningto“adabhand”inparagraph1?A．Anartist.B．Awinner.C．Aspecialist.D．Apioneer.5．WhydidTerri’sgrandfather

giveher£5aday?A．Forabirthdaygift.B．Asatreatforherwork.C．TosupportherDIYprojects.D．Toencouragehertotakeupahobby

.6．HowdidTerriavoidlosingthedepositonthehousesherented?A．Bymakingitlooklikebefore.B．Byfurmishingitherself.C．Bysplittingtherentwitharoomm

ate.D．Bycancellingtherentalagreement.7．WhattrendinDIYdoestheresearchshow?A．Itisbecomingmorecostly.B．Itisgettingmo

retime-consuming.C．Itisturningintoaseasonalindustry.D．Itisgainingpopularityamongfemales.【答案】4．C5．B6．A7．D【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述

了一位DIY高手TerriBoltonis的技能以及DIY项目可能会在女性群体中变成一种潮流趋势。4．词句猜测题。根据文章第一段画线短语下文“Skilledatputtingupshelvesandpiecingtogetherfurniture,shenev

erpayssomeoneelsetodoajobshecandoherself.(她擅长摆架子和拼接家具，从不付钱给别人做她自己能做的工作)”可推知，此处指TerriBoltonis是一位DIY高手。C项“Aspecialist(一位专业人员)

”最接近画线短语“adabhand”的意思。故选C。5．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“ShecreditstheseskillstoherlategrandfatherandbuilderDerekLloyd.Fromtheageofsix,Terri,now26,accompan

iedDerektoworkduringherschoolholidays.Aday’sworkwasrewardedwith£5inpocketmoney.(她将这些技能归功于她已故的祖父兼建筑商DerekLloyd。从六岁起，现年26岁的Terri就在学校放假期间陪Dere

k去上班。一天的工作得到了5英镑零花钱的奖励)”以及“Ittookweeksandiswasbackbreakingwork,butIknowhewasproudofmyskills.(这花了几个星期的时间，是一项艰苦的工作，但我知道他为我的技能感到骄傲)”可推知，Terri的祖

父每天给她5英镑是作为对她的工作的鼓励。故选B。6．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“So,it’sbeenusefultoknowhowtocoverupholesandrepaintaroomtoavoidanychargeswhenI’v

emovedout.(所以，当我搬出去时，知道如何掩盖漏洞并重新粉刷房间以避免任何费用是很有用的)”可推知，Terri是通过粉饰房间，让它看起来像以前一样，来避免被扣除租房的押金的。故选A。7．细节理解题。通过文章最后一段“theresearchshowsitiswome

nnowleadingthecharge(研究表明，现在是女性主导了这项运动)”可知，研究表明，DIY将在女性中越来越受欢迎。故选D。2.（2023年全国乙卷B篇）LivinginIowaandtryingtobecom

eaphotographerspecializinginlandscape(风景)canbequiteachallenge,mainlybecausethecornstatelacksgeographicalva

riation.AlthoughlandscapesintheMidwesttendtobequitesimilar,eitherfarmfieldsorhighways,sometimesIfinddistinctivecharacterinthehillsor

lakes.Tomakesomeofmylandscapeshots,Ihavetraveleduptofourhoursawaytoshootwithina10-minutetimeframe.Itendtotravelwithafewofmyfriendstostateparksortot

hecountrysidetogoonadventuresandtakephotosalongtheway.Beingattherightplaceattherighttimeisdecisiveinanystyleofpho

tography.IoftenleaveearlytoseektherightdestinationssoIcansetupearlytoavoidmissingthemomentIamattemptingtophotograph.Ihavemissedplentyofbeautifulsuns

ets/sunrisesduetobeingonthespotonlyfiveminutesbeforethebestmoment.OnetimemyfriendsandIdrovethreehourstoDevil’sLake,Wisconsin,toclimbthepu

rplequartz(石英)rockaroundthelake.Afterwefoundacrazy-lookingroadthathungoverabunchofrocks,wedecidedtophotographthesceneat

sunset.Thepositionenabledustolookoverthelakewiththesunsetinthebackground.Wemanagedtoleavethisspottoclimbhigherbecauseofthesparetimeuntilsunset.

However,wedidnotmarktheroute(路线)soweendedupalmostmissingthesunsetentirely.Oncewefoundtheplace,itwasstressfulgettinglightsandcamerassetupinthe

limitedtime.Still,lookingbackonthephotos,theyaresomeofmybestshotsthoughtheycouldhavebeensomuchbetterifIwouldhavebeenpreparedandmanagedmytimewisely.4.

HowdoestheauthordealwiththechallengeasalandscapephotographerintheMidwest?A.Byteamingupwithotherphotographers.B.Byshoot

inginthecountrysideorstateparks.C.Bystudyingthegeographicalconditions.D.Bycreatingsettingsinthecornfields.5.Whatistheke

ytosuccessfullandscapephotographyaccordingtotheauthor?A.Propertimemanagement.B.Goodshootingtechniques.C.Adventurousspirit.D.Distinctivest

yles.6.WhatcanweinferfromtheauthortripwithfriendstoDevil’sLake?A.Theywentcrazywiththepurplequartzrock.B.

Theyfeltstressedwhilewaitingforthesunset.C.Theyreachedtheshootingspotlaterthanexpected.D.Theyhadproblemswiththeiremipment.7.Howdoe

stheauthorfindhisphotostakenatDevil’sLake?A.Amusing.B.Satisfying.C.Encouraging.D.Comforting.【答案】4.B5.A6.C7.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者作为一名风

景摄影师，在摄影途中发生的一些所见所闻。【4题详解】细节理解题。通过文章第二段“Itendtotravelwithafewofmyfriendstostateparksortothecountrysidetogoonadventuresandtakephotosalongtheway.(我倾

向于和几个朋友一起去州立公园或乡村探险，沿途拍照)”可知，作为一名中西部的风景摄影师，作者应对挑战的方式是去乡村或州立公园拍摄。故选B。【5题详解】推理判断题。通过文章最后一段“Still,lookingbackonthephot

os,theyaresomeofmybestshotsthoughtheycouldhavebeensomuchbetterifIwouldhavebeenpreparedandmanagedmytimewisely.(尽管如此，回

顾这些照片，它们仍然是我最好的一些照片，尽管如果我能明智地准备和管理我的时间，它们本可以拍得更好)”可推知，作者认为，风景摄影成功的关键是适当的时间管理。故选A。【6题详解】推理判断题。通过文章最后一段“However,wedidnotmarktheroute(路线)sow

eendedupalmostmissingthesunsetentirely.(然而，我们没有标出路线，所以我们几乎完全错过了日落)”可推知，作者在与朋友的魔鬼湖之旅中，到达拍摄地点的时间比预期的要晚。故选C。【7题详解】推理判断题。通过文章最

后一段“Still,lookingbackonthephotos,theyaresomeofmybestshotsthoughtheycouldhavebeensomuchbetterifIwouldhavebeenpreparedandman

agedmytimewisely.(尽管如此，回顾这些照片，它们仍然是我最好的一些照片，尽管如果我能明智地准备和管理我的时间，它们本可以拍得更好)”可推知，作者认为自己在魔鬼湖拍摄的照片是令人满意的。故选B。3.（2023年新高考I卷B篇）WhenJohnToddwasachild,he

lovedtoexplorethewoodsaroundhishouse,observinghownaturesolvedproblems.Aditrystream,forexample,oftenbecameclearafterflowingthroughplantsandalongro

ckswheretinycreatureslived.Whenhegotolder,Johnstartedtowonderifthisprocesscouldbeusedtocleanupthemessespeopleweremaking.Afterstudyingagricultur

e,medicine,andfisheriesincollege,Johnwentbacktoobservingnatureandaskingquestions.Whycancertainplantstrapharmfu

lbacteria(细菌)?Whichkindsoffishcaneatcancer-causingchemicals?Withtherightcombinationofanimalsandplants,hefigured,maybehecouldcleanupwastethewayn

aturedid.Hedecidedtobuildwhathewouldlatercallaneco-machine.ThetaskJohnsetforhimselfwastoremoveharmfulsubstancesfromsomesludge(污泥).First,heco

nstructedaseriesofclearfiberglasstanksconnectedtoeachother.Thenhewentaroundtolocalpondsandstreamsandbroughtbacksomeplantsandanimals.Heplacedthemint

hetanksandwaited.Littlebylittle,thesedifferentkindsoflifegotusedtooneanotherandformedtheirownecosystem.Afterafe

wweeks,Johnaddedthesludge.Hewasamazedattheresults.Theplantsandanimalsintheeco-machinetookthesludgeasfoodandbegantoeatit!Withinweeks,ithadallbeendige

sted,andallthatwasleftwaspurewater.OvertheyearsJohnhastakenonmanybigjobs.Hedevelopedagreenhouse-likefacilitythattreatedsewage(污水)from1,60

0homesinSouthBurlington.Healsodesignedaneco-machinetocleancanalwaterinFuzhou,acityinsoutheastChina.“Ecologicaldesign”isthe

nameJohngivestowhathedoes.“LifeonEarthiskindofaboxofsparepartsfortheinventor,”hesays.“Youputorganismsinnewrelationshipsandob

servewhat’shappening.Thenyouletthesenewsystemsdeveloptheirownwaystoself-repair.”4.WhatcanwelearnaboutJohnfromthe

firsttwoparagraphs?A.Hewasfondoftraveling.B.Heenjoyedbeingalone.C.Hehadaninquiringmind.D.Helongedtobeadoctor.5.Whydi

dJohnputthesludgeintothetanks?A.Tofeedtheanimals.B.Tobuildanecosystem.C.Toprotecttheplants.D.Totesttheeco-machine.6.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinmention

ingFuzhou?A.ToreviewJohn’sresearchplans.B.ToshowanapplicationofJohn’sidea.C.TocompareJohn’sdifferentjobs.D.ToerasedoubtsaboutJohn’sinvention.

7.WhatisthebasisforJohn’swork?A.Naturecanrepairitself.B.Organismsneedwatertosurvive.C.LifeonEarthisdiverse.D.Mosttinycreatur

esliveingroups.【答案】4.C5.D6.B7.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了JohnTodd从小就很爱思考且好学，他建造了一个生态机器，利用自然可以自我修复的原理来净化污水。【4题详解】细节理解题

。根据第一段“WhenJohnToddwasachild,helovedtoexplorethewoodsaroundhishouse,observinghownaturesolvedproblems.Aditrystream,forexample,oftenbecamecle

arafterflowingthrough,plantsandalongrockswheretinycreatureslived.Whenhegotolder,Johnstartedtowonderifthisprocesscouldbeusedtocleanupthemes

sespeopleweremaking.(当约翰·托德还是个孩子的时候，他喜欢探索房子周围的树林，观察大自然是如何解决问题的。例如，一条肮脏的小溪流经植物和微小生物居住的岩石后，往往变得清澈。长大后，约翰开始思考这个过程是否可以用来清理人们制造的混乱)”以

及第二段“Afterstudyingagriculture,medicine,andfisheriesincollege,Johnwentbacktoobservingnatureandaskingquestions.Whycancertainplantstrapharmfulbact

eria(细菌)?Whichkindsoffishcaneatcancer-causingchemicals?(在大学学习了农业、医学和渔业之后，约翰又回到了观察自然和提出问题的生活中。为什么某些植物能捕获有害细菌？哪些鱼类会食用致癌化学物质？)”可知，约翰聪颖好学、好奇心很强。故选C。【5题详

解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Afterafewweeks,Johnaddedthesludge.(几个星期后，约翰把污泥加了进去)”以及倒数第三段“Hewasamazedattheresults.Theplantsandanimalsintheeco-machinetookthe

sludgeasfoodandbegantoeatit!Withinweeks,ithadallbeendigested,andallthatwasleftwaspurewater.(他对结果感到惊讶。生态机器

里的动植物把污泥当成了食物，开始吃起来！几周之内，它就被消化了，只剩下纯净水)”可知，约翰把污泥放进罐子里为了测试生态机器。故选D。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Overtheyears,Johnhastakenonmanybigjobs.Hedevelopedagree

nhouse-likefacilitythattreatedsewage(污水)from1,600homesinSouthBurlington.Healsodesignedaneco-machinetocleancanalwaterinFuzhou,acityinsouthe

astChina.(这些年来，约翰承担了许多重大工作。他开发了一个类似温室的设施，可以处理来自南伯灵顿1600户家庭的污水。他还设计了一种生态机器来清洁中国东南部城市福州的运河水)”可推知，作者提到福州的目的是

展示约翰想法的应用。故选B。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Youputorganismsinnewrelationshipsandobservewhat’shappening.Thenyouletthesenewsystemsdeveloptheirownwaystoself-repair

.(你把生物体放在新的关系中，观察会发生什么。然后让这些新系统自行发展自我修复的方式)”可知，约翰工作的基础是自然可以自我修复。故选A。4.（2023年新高考II卷B篇）Turningsoil,pullingweeds,andharvestingcabbagesoundliketoug

hworkformiddleandhighschoolkids.Andatfirstitis,saysAbbyJaramillo,whowithanotherteacherstartedUrbanSprouts,aschoolgardenprogramatfourlo

w-incomeschools.Theprogramaimstohelpstudentsdevelopscienceskills,environmentalawareness,andhealthylife

styles.Jaramillo’sstudentsliveinneighborhoodswherefreshfoodandgreenspacearenoteasytofindandfastfoodrestaurantsoutnumbergrocerystores

.“Thekidsliterallycometoschoolwithbagsofsnacksandlargebottlesofsoftdrinks,”shesays.“Theycometousthinkingvegetablesareawful,dirtis

awful,insectsareawful.”Thoughsomeareinitiallyscaredoftheinsectsandturnedoffbythedirt,mostareeagertotrysomethingnew.UrbanSprouts’

classes,attwomiddleschoolsandtwohighschools,includehands-onexperimentssuchassoiltesting,flower-and-see

ddissection,tastingsoffreshordriedproduce,andworkinthegarden.Severaltimesayear,studentscookthevegetablestheygrow,andtheyoc

casionallymakesaladsfortheirentireschools.Programevaluationsshowthatkidseatmorevegetablesasaresultoftheclasses.“Wehavestudentswhosaytheywent

homeandtalkedtotheirparentsandnowthey’reeatingdifferently,”Jaramillosays.Sheaddsthattheprogram’sbenefitsgobeyondnutriti

on.Somestudentsgetsointerestedingardeningthattheybringhomeseedstostarttheirownvegetablegardens.Besides,workingintheg

ardenseemstohaveacalmingeffectonJaramillo’sspecialeducationstudents,manyofwhomhaveemotionalcontrolissues.“Theygetoutside,”shesays,“andtheyfeel

successful.”4.WhatdoweknowaboutAbbyJaramillo?A.Sheusedtobeahealthworker.B.Shegrewupinalow-incomefamily.C.Sheownsa

fastfoodrestaurant.D.SheisaninitiatorofUrbanSprouts.5.WhatwasaproblemfacingJaramilloatthestartoftheprogram?A.Thekids’parents

distrustedher.B.Studentshadlittletimeforherclasses.C.Somekidsdislikedgardenwork.D.Therewasnospaceforschoolgardens.6.Whichofthefollowing

bestdescribestheimpactoftheprogram?A.Far-reaching.B.Predictable.C.Short-lived.D.Unidentifiable.7.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.RescuingSchoolG

ardensB.ExperiencingCountryLifeC.GrowingVegetableLoversD.ChangingLocalLandscape【答案】4.D5.C6.A7.B【解析】【导语】本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了AbbyJaramillo等老师在低收入学校

发起的培养学生科学能力，环保意识以及健康生活方式的UrbanSprouts花园项目，让学生通过体验乡村生活，对学生影响深远。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段的“Andatfirstitis,saysAbbyJaramillo,whowithanotherteacherstarte

dUrbanSprouts,aschoolgardenprogramatfourlow-incomeschools.(起初是这样的，艾比·哈拉米洛说，她和另一位老师在四所低收入学校启动了“UrbanSprouts”学校花园项目。)”可知，艾比·哈拉

米洛是UrbanSprouts的发起者。故选D。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段的“shesays.“Theycometousthinkingvegetablesareawful,dirtisawful,insectsarea

wful.”Thoughsomeareinitiallyscaredoftheinsectsandturnedoffbythedirt,mostareeagertotrysomethingnew.(她说。“他们来找我们，认为蔬菜很可怕，泥土很可怕，昆

虫也很可怕。”虽然有些人一开始害怕昆虫，对泥土感到厌烦，但大多数人都渴望尝试新的东西。)”可知，项目之初，一些学生不喜欢园艺工作。故选C。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Sheaddsthattheprogram’sbenefitsgobeyondnutrition.Somestuden

tsgetsointerestedingardeningthattheybringhomeseedstostarttheirownvegetablegardens.Besides,workinginthegardenseemstohave

acalmingeffectonJaramillo’sspecialeducationstudents,manyofwhomhaveemotionalcontrolissues.“Theygetoutside,”shesays,“andtheyfeelsucce

ssful.”(她补充说，该计划的好处不仅仅是营养。有些学生对园艺非常感兴趣，他们带回家种子开始自己的菜园。此外，在花园里工作似乎对Jaramillo的特殊教育学生有镇静作用，他们中的许多人都有情绪控制问题。“他们走了出去，”她说，“他们觉得成功。”)”可知，这个项

目不仅给学生提供了有营养的食物，而且许多学生回家开创了自己的菜园，对有情绪控制问题的学生也起到了镇静作用，从而推知，该项目的影响是深远的。故选A。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段的“Andatfirs

titis,saysAbbyJaramillo,whowithanotherteacherstartedUrbanSprouts,aschoolgardenprogramatfourlow-incomeschools.Theprog

ramaimstohelpstudentsdevelopscienceskills,environmentalawareness,andhealthylifestyles.(起初是这样的，艾比·哈拉米洛说，她和另一位老师在四所低收入学校启动了“UrbanSprouts

”学校花园项目。该项目旨在帮助学生培养科学技能、环保意识和健康的生活方式。)”以及下文内容可知，文章主要讲述了AbbyJaramillo等老师在低收入学校发起的培养学生科学能力，环保意识以及健康生活方式的UrbanSpr

outs花园项目，让学生体验乡村生活，对学生影响深远。因此推断B项“体验乡村生活”符合文意，最适合作为本文标题。故选B。5.（2023年浙江卷1月）Livewithroommates?Havefriendsandfamilyaroundyou

?Chancesarethatifyou’relookingtoliveamoresustainablelifestyle,noteveryonearoundyouwillbereadytojumponthatbandwagon.Iexperienc

edthiswhenIstartedswitchingtoazerowastelifestylefiveyearsago,asIwaslivingwithmyparents,andIcontinuetoexper

iencethiswithmyhusband,asheisnotcompletelyzerowastelikeme.I’velearnedafewthingsalongthewaythough,whichIhopeyou’llfindencouragi

ngifyou’redoingyourbesttofigureouthowyoucanmakethechangeinanot-always-supportivehousehold.Zerowastewasaradica

llifestylemovementafewyearsback.IremembershowingmyparentsavideoofBeaJohnson,sharinghowcoolIthoughtitwouldbetobuygrocerieswithjars,

andhavesolittletrash!Afewdayslater,Icamebackwithmyfirstjarsofzerowastegroceries,andmydadcommentedonhowsillyitwasformetocarryjarseverywhere.Itcameoffa

sabitdiscouraging.Yetasthemonthsofreducingwastecontinued,IdidwhatIcouldthatwaswithinmyownreach.Ihadmyownbedroom,soIworkedonremoving

thingsIdidn’tneed.SinceIhadmyowntoiletries(洗漱用品),Iwasabletostartpersonalisingmyroutinetobemoresustainable.Ialsoofferedt

ocookeverysooften,soIportionedoutabitofthecupboardformyownzerowastegroceries.Perhapsyourhouseholdwon’tentirelymaketheswitch,buty

oumayhavesomecontroloveryourownpersonalspacestomakethechangesyoudesire.Asyoumakeyourlifestylechanges,youmayfindyourselfwantingtospeakupfor

yourselfifotherscommentonwhatyou’redoing,whichcanturnitselfintoawholehouseholddebate.Ifyouhaveindividualswhoarenotonboard,yourwordsprobablywon

’tdomuchandcanoftenleaveyoufeelingmorediscouraged.Sohereismyadvice:Leadbyaction.24．Whatdotheunderlinedwords“

jumponthatbandwagon”meaninthefirstparagraph?A．Shareanapartmentwithyou.B．Joinyouinwhatyou’redoing.C．Transformyourwayofliving.D．

Helpyoutomakethedecision.25．Whatwastheattitudeoftheauthor’sfathertowardbuyinggrocerieswithjars?A．Hedisapprovedofit.B．Hewasfavorabletoit.C．Hewastoler

antofit.D．Hedidn’tcareaboutit.26．Whatcanweinferabouttheauthor?A．Sheisquitegoodatcooking.B．Sherespectsothers’privacy

.C．Sheenjoysbeingahousewife.D．Sheisadeterminedperson.27．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．Howtogetonwellwithotherfamilymembers.B．Howtohaveone’so

wnpersonalspaceathome.C．Howtoliveazerowastelifestyleinahousehold.D．Howtocontrolthebudgetwhenbuyinggroceries.【答案】24．B25．A26．D27．C【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章

讲述了作者如何在家庭中过零浪费的生活方式。24．词句猜测题。根据划线部分前文“Chancesarethatifyou’relookingtoliveamoresustainablelifestyle,noteveryonearoundyouwill

bereadyto(如果你想过一种更可持续的生活方式，可能不是你周围的每个人都准备好)”及第二段中的“I’velearnedafewthingsalongthewaythough,whichIhopeyou’llfinden

couragingifyou’redoingyourbesttofigureouthowyoucanmakethechangeinanot-always-supportivehousehold.(在这个过程中，我学到了一些东西，我希望如果你在一个不总是支持你的家庭中尽最大努力去弄清楚如何

做出改变，你会感到鼓舞)”可知，如果你想过一种更可持续的生活方式，可能不是你周围的每个人都准备好加入这一运动。由此推知，划线词组jumponthatbandwagon与Joinyouinwhatyou’redoing.(加入你正在做的事情)意思接近。故选B。25．推理判断题。根据第三段

中的“Afewdayslater,Icamebackwithmyfirstjarsofzerowastegroceries,andmydadcommentedonhowsillyitwasformeto

carryjarseverywhere.Itcameoffasabitdiscouraging.(几天后，我带着第一罐零废物杂货回来了，我父亲评论说，我到处带着罐子是多么愚蠢。结果有点令人沮丧)”可推知，作者的父亲不赞成用罐子买食品杂货。故选A。2

6．推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Yetasthemonthsofreducingwastecontinued,IdidwhatIcouldthatwaswithinmyownreach.(然而，随着减少浪费的几个月的持续，我

尽了自己力所能及的努力)”及“Perhapsyourhouseholdwon’tentirelymaketheswitch,butyoumayhavesomecontroloveryourownpersonalspacestomakethechangesyoudesire.(也许你的家庭不会完全

改变，但你可以控制自己的个人空间，做出你想要的改变)”可推知，作者是一个意志坚定的人。故选D。27．主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“Chancesarethatifyou’relookingtoliveamo

resustainablelifestyle,noteveryonearoundyouwillbereadytojumponthatbandwagon.(如果你想过一种更可持续的生活方式，可能不是你周围的每个人都准备好加入这一运动)”及第二段中的“I’velearnedafewthingsa

longthewaythough,whichIhopeyou’llfindencouragingifyou’redoingyourbesttofigureouthowyoucanmakethechangeinanot-always-supportivehousehold.(在这个过程中，

我学到了一些东西，我希望如果你在一个不总是支持你的家庭中尽最大努力去弄清楚如何做出改变，你会感到鼓舞)”可知，文章主要讲述了作者如何在家庭中过零浪费的生活方式。故选C。1.(2022年全国甲卷)AsGinniBazlintonreachedAntarctica,shefo

undherselfgreetedbyagroupoflittleGentoopenguins(企鹅)longingtosayhello.Thesegentle,lovelygatekeeperswelcomedherandk

ick-startedwhatwastobeatripGinniwouldneverforget.Eversinceherchildhood,Ginni,now71,hashadadeeplovefortravel.Th

roughouthercareer(职业)asaprofessionaldancer,shetouredintheUK,butalwayslongedtoexplorefurther.Whensheretiredfromdancingandhersonseventual

lyflewthenest,shedecideditwastimetotaketheplunge.AftertakingadegreeatChichesterUniversityinRelatedArts,Ginnibegantotraveltheworld,eventuallyge

ttingworkteachingEnglishinJapanandChile.AnditwasinChileshediscoveredshecouldgetlast-minutecheapdealsonship

sgoingtoAntarcticafromtheislandsoffTierradelFuego,thesouthernmosttipoftheSouthAmericanmainland.“IjustdecidedIwantedtogo,”shesays.“Ihadnoideaab

outwhatI’dfindthereandIwasn’tnervous,Ijustwantedtodoit.AndIwantedtodoitaloneasIalwayspreferitthatway.”InMarch2008

,Ginniboardedashipwith48passengersshe’dnevermetbefore,tobeginthejourneytowardsAntarctica.“Fromseeingthewild

lifetowitnessingsunrises,thewholeexperiencewasamazing.Antarcticaleftanimpressiononmethatnootherplacehas,”Ginnisays.“Irememberthefirs

ttimeIsawahumpbackwhale;itjustroseoutofthewaterlikesomeprehistoriccreatureandIthoughtitwassmilingatus.Youcouldstillheartheoperaticsound

sitwasmakingunderwater.”Therealizationthatthisisapreciousland,toberespectedbyhumans,wasoneofthebiggestthingsthathithometoGinni.28．Whichofthefol

lowingbestexplains“taketheplunge”underlinedinparagraph2?A．Trychallengingthings.B．Takeadegree.C．Bringbacklostmemories

.D．Sticktoapromise.29．WhatmadeGinnidecideonthetriptoAntarctica?A．Lovelypenguins.B．Beautifulscenery.C．Ad

iscountfare.D．Afriend’sinvitation.30．WhatdoesGinnithinkaboutAntarcticaafterthejourney?A．Itcouldbeahomeforher.B．Itsho

uldbeeasilyaccessible.C．Itshouldbewellpreserved.D．Itneedstobefullyintroduced.31．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．Achildhooddream.B．Anu

nforgettableexperience.C．Sailingaroundtheworld.D．MeetinganimalsinAntarctica.【答案】28．A29．C30．C31．B【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要

介绍了71岁的GinniBazlinton从小就对旅行有着深深的热爱，渴望探险，不再跳舞和孩子们成家立业之后，她开始周游世界，并在2008年开始了前往南极洲的旅程。28．词句猜测题。根据第三段第一句“Aftertakingade

greeatChichesterUniversityinRelatedArts,Ginnibegantotraveltheworld,eventuallygettingworkteachingEnglishinJapanandChile.(在奇切斯特大学获得相关艺术学位后，Ginni开始周游

世界，最终在日本和智利找到了教英语的工作。)”可知，此处是指做有挑战性的事情，所以taketheplunge意为“尝试有挑战性的事情”。故选A。29．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“AnditwasinChileshediscoveredshecoul

dgetlast-minutecheapdealsonshipsgoingtoAntarcticafromtheislandsoffTieradelFuego.(正是在智利，她发现自己可以在最后一刻买到从火地岛附近岛屿前往南极洲的廉价船票)”可知，是折扣的票价让G

inni决定去南极洲旅行的。故选C。30．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Therealizationthatthisisapreciousland,toberespectedbyhumans,wasoneofthebiggestthingsthath

ithometoGinni.(意识到这是一块宝贵的土地，应该受到人类的尊重，这是Ginni最深刻的感受之一)”可知，旅行结束后，Ginni认为南极洲应该得到很好的保护。故选C。31．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了GinniBazlinton

去南极旅行的经历，再根据第一段“Thesegentlelovelygatekeeperswelcomedherandkick-startedwhatwastobeatripGinniwouldneverforget.(这些温柔可爱的看门人欢

迎了她，并开始了一次Ginni永远不会忘记的旅行)”和倒数第二段GinniBazlinton对南极之旅的评价可知，文章主要介绍了GinniBazlinton的南极洲之旅让她非常难忘。由此可知，Anunforgettableexperience.(一次难忘的经历)能够概括文

章主旨。故选B。2.(2022年新高考II卷)Wejournalistsliveinanewageofstorytelling,withmanynewmultimediatools.Manyyoungpeopledon’tevenrealizeit’snew.Fo

rthem,it’sjustnormal.ThishithomeformeasIwassittingwithmy2-year-oldgrandsononasofaovertheSpringFestivalholiday.Ihadbroughtachildr

en’sbooktoread.Ithadsimplewordsandcolorfulpictures—aperfectmatchforhisage.Picturethis:mygrandsonsittingonmyl

apasIholdthebookinfrontsohecanseethepictures.AsIread,hereachesoutandpokes(戳)thepagewithhisfinger.What’supwiththat?Hejustlikesthepictures,I

thought.ThenIturnedthepageandcontinued.Hepokedthepageevenharder.Inearlydroppedthebook.Iwasconfused:Istheresomet

hingwrongwiththiskid?ThenIrealizedwhatwashappening.Hewasactuallyastrangertobooks.Hisfatherfrequentlyamusedtheboywithatabletco

mputerwhichwasloadedwithcolorfulpicturesthatcomealivewhenyoupokethem.Hethoughtmystorybookwaslikethat.Sorry,kid.Thisbookisnotpartofyourhigh-techworl

d.It’sanoutdated,lifelessthing.Anantique,likeyourgrandfather.Well,Imaybeold,butI’mnothopelesslychallenged,digital

lyspeaking.Ieditvideoandproduceaudio.Iusemobilepayment.I’veevenbuiltwebsites.There’sonenotablegapinmynew-mediaexperience,howeve

r:I’vespentlittletimeinfrontofacamera,sinceIhaveafacemadeforradio.Butthatdidn’tstopChinaDailyfromaskingmelas

tweektoshareapersonalstoryforavideoprojectabouttheintegrationofBeijing,TianjinandHebeiprovince.Anyway,grandpaisnowaninternetstar—twominut

esoffame!Ipromisenottoletitgotomyhead.ButIwillmakesuremy2-year-oldgrandsonseesitonhistablet.4．Whatdotheunderlined

words“hithomeforme”meaninparagraph2?A．Providedshelterforme.B．Becameverycleartome.C．Tookthepressureoffme.D．Wo

rkedquitewellonme.5．Whydidthekidpokethestorybook?A．Hetookitforatabletcomputer.B．Hedislikedthecolorful

pictures.C．Hewasangrywithhisgrandpa.D．Hewantedtoreaditbyhimself.6．Whatdoestheauthorthinkofhimself?A．Sociallyambitious.B．Physica

llyattractive.C．Financiallyindependent.D．Digitallycompetent.7．Whatcanwelearnabouttheauthorasajournalist?A．Helacksexperiencein

hisjob.B．Heseldomappearsontelevision.C．Hemanagesavideodepartment.D．Heofteninterviewsinternetstars.【答案】4．B

5．A6．D7．B【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者曾经是一名记者，在春节期间，作者给孙子拿了一本儿童读物，孙子却以为是平板电脑，不停地戳书。4.词句猜测题。根据第一段“Wejournalistsliveinanewageofstorytelling,withmanyne

wmultimediatools.Manyyoungpeopledon’tevenrealizeit’snew.Forthem,it’sjustnormal.”以及画线词后文“asIwassittingwithmy2-year-oldgrandsono

nasofaovertheSpringFestivalholiday.”可知，作者是记者，生活在一个讲故事的新时代，有许多新的多媒体工具。许多年轻人甚至没有意识到它是新的。对他们来说，这很正常。而这在春节假期，作者和两岁的孙

子坐在沙发上，尤其清楚认识到了这一点。故画线词意思是“我很清楚”。故选B。5.细节理解题。根据第五段中“Hewasactuallyastrangertobooks.Hisfatherfrequentlyamusedtheboywithatabletcomputerwhichwas

loadedwithcolorfulpicturesthatcomealivewhenyoupokethem.Hethoughtmystorybookwaslikethat.(事实上，他对书本并不熟悉。他的父亲经常用一台装有彩色图片的平板电脑逗他开心，当你戳它们的时候

，这些图片就会变得栩栩如生。他认为我的故事书就是那样的)”可知，那孩子戳故事书是因为他把它当成了平板电脑。故选A。6．细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中“Well,Imaybeold,butI’mnothopelesslychallenge

d,digitallyspeaking.Ieditvideoandproduceaudio.Iusemobilepayment.I’veevenbuiltwebsites.(我可能老了，但从数字角度来说，我还

没有毫无希望的挑战。我编辑视频，制作音频。我用移动支付。我甚至建立了网站)”可知，作者认为自己懂数码技术。故选D。7．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“There’sonenotablegapinmynew-mediaexpe

rience,however:I’vespentlittletimeinfrontofacamera,sinceIhaveafacemadeforradio.(然而，在我的新媒体体验中有一个明显的差距：我很少在镜头前呆着，因为我的脸是为电台而生的)”可知，作者作为记者他很

少上电视。故选B。3.(2022年浙江卷1月)Fornearlyadecadenow,Merebethhasbeenaself-employedpettransportspecialist.Herpettransportjobwasbornofthefinancialcrisis(危机)int

helate2000s.Thedownturnhittherealestate(房地产)firmwhereshehadworkedfortenyearsasanofficemanager.Thefirmwent

brokeandleftherlookingforanewjob.Oneday,whiledrivingnearherhome,shesawadogwanderingontheroad,clearlylost.Sheto

okithome,andhersisterinDenveragreedtotakeit.Thiswasalovinghomeforsure,but1,600milesaway.Itdidn’ttakelongforMereb

ethtodecidetodrivethedogthereherself.Itwasherfirstroadtriptohernewjob.Merebeth’spetdeliveryservicealsosatisfiesherwanderlust.Ithastaken

hertoeverystateintheUSexceptMontana,WashingtonandOregon,shesaysproudly.Ifshewantstovisitanewplace,she

willsimplyfindapetwithtransportneedsthere.Shetravelsinallweathers.Shehasdriventhrough55mphwindsinWyoming,heavyflooding

andstormsinAlabamaandtotalwhiteoutconditionsinKansas.Thiswanderlustisinheritedfromherfather,shesays.ShemovedtheirfamilyfromCanadatoC

aliforniawhenshewasoneyearold,becausehewantedthemtoexploreanewplacetogether.AssoonasshegraduatedfromhighschoolshelefthometoliveonCatalinaIsl

andofftheCaliforniancoast,awayfromherparents,wheresheenjoyedalifeofsailingandoff-roadbiking.Itturnsoutthatpettransportingpaysquitewellatabout$30

,000peryearbeforetax.Shedoesn’tworkinsummer,asitwouldbeunpleasantlyhotfortheanimalsinthecar,evenwithairconditioning.Asautumncomes

,shegetsrestless—thesameoldwanderlustreturning.It’sacallshemustheedalone,though.Merebethsays,“WhenIamonther

oad,I’mjustinmyownworld.I’vealwaysbeenindependent-spiritedandIjustfeelstronglythatImushhelpanimals.”1．WhydidMerebethchangedherjob?A．Shewantedtoworkn

earherhome.B．Shewastiredofworkingintheoffice.C．HersisteraskedhertomovetoDenver.D．Herformeremployerwasouto

fbusiness.2．Theword“wanderlust”inparagraph2meansadesireto_________?A．makemoney.B．tryvariousjobs.C．beclosetonature.D．traveltodifferen

tplaces.3．WhatcanwelearnaboutMerebethinhernewjob?A．Shehaschancestoseerareanimals.B．Sheworkshardthroughouttheyear.C．Shereliesonhers

elfthewholetime.D．Sheearnsabasicandtax-freesalary.【答案】1．D2．D3．C【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述Merebeth从事的新工作。近十年来，她一直是一名自营宠物运输专家。1．推理判断题。根据第一段中

“Thedownturnhittherealestate（房地产）firmwhereshehadworkedfortenyearsasanofficemanager.Thefirmwentbrokeand

leftherlookingforanewjob.（她曾在一家房地产公司做了10年的办公室经理，经济低迷打击了这家公司。公司破产了，她只好另寻新工作）”，可知，Merebeth之所以换工作，是因为她以前的雇主破产了。故选D。2．词义猜测题。根据第二段中“Ithastakenherto

everystateintheUSexceptMontana,WashingtonandOregon,shesaysproudly.Ifshewantstovisitanewplace,shewillsimplyfindapetwithtransportneeds

there.Shetravelsinallweathers.（她自豪地说，除了蒙大拿州、华盛顿州和俄勒冈州，她走遍了美国所有的州。如果她想去一个新的地方，她只需要找到一个有交通需要的宠物。她风雨无阻地旅行）”，可知，划线词的意

思是“渴望去不同的地方旅行”。故选D。3．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“WhenIamontheroad,I'mjustinmyownworld.I'vealwaysbeenindependent-spiritedandIjust

feelstronglythatImushhelpanimals.（当我在路上的时候，我只是在自己的世界里。我一直很独立，我强烈地觉得我必须帮助动物）”，可知，Merebeth在她的新工作中一直都是靠自己。故选C。4.(2022年浙江卷6月)Pastaandpizzawereo

neveryone’slunchmenuinmynativelandofItaly.Everyonewhohadsuchalunchwasfair-skinnedandspokeItalian.Afewyearslater,asIstoodinthelunchlinewithm

ykindergartenclassinaschoolinBrooklyn,Irealizedthingswerenolongerthatsimple.Myclassmatesrangedfromthosekidswithpaleskinandlargeblueeyes

tothosewithrichbrownskinanddarkhair.Thefoodchoiceswerealmostasdiverseasthestudents.InfrontofmewasanarrayoffoodsIcouldn’tevennameinmynativelanguage.

FearingthatIwouldpickoutsomethingawful,Idesperatelytriedtoasktheboyaheadofmeforarecommendation.Unfortunately,betweenusstoodthebarrieroflanguag

e.Althoughmykindergartenexperiencefeelslikeacenturyago,thelessonsIlearnedwillstickinmymindforever.Forthep

astthreesummers,IhaveworkedinagovernmentagencyinNewYork.Newimmigrantsmuchlikethelittlegirlinthelunchlinefloodedourofficeseekinghelp.Ioftenh

adtobeaninterpreterfortheItalian-speakingones.AsIservedtheroleofvitalcommunicationlink,IwasremindedofmydesperatestruggletoconversebeforeIlearnedE

nglish.IwatchedwithgreatsympathyaselderlyItalianstriedtoholdaconversationinItalianwithpeoplewhodidnotspeakthelanguage.Itsuddenlybecameveryclear

tomehowluckyIwastobefluentintwolanguages.InNewYork,amulticulturalcity,studentslikemeareblessedwithachancetoworkwithadiversepopulation.InmyEnglisht

oItaliantranslations,I’velearnedaboutsocialprogramsthatIdidn’tknowexisted.Thisworkexpandedmymindinwaysthatarei

mpossibleinsidethefourwallsofaclassroom.WalkingthroughthestreetsofBrooklyntoday,Iamnolongerconfusedbythiscity’ssoundsandsmells.Instead,enjoyits

diversity.1．WhatdidtheauthorrealizeafterenteringschoolinBrooklyn?A．Timepassedquickly.B．Englishwashardtolearn.C．Thefoodwasterrible.D．Peoplewe

reverydifferent.2．Whodoes“thelittlegirl”inparagraph2referto?A．AnItalianteacher.B．Agovernmentofficial.C．Theauth

orherself.D．Theauthor’sclassmate.3．Howdidthesummerjobbenefittheauthor?A．Itstrengthenedherloveforschool.B．I

thelpedsharpenhersenseofdirection.C．Itopenedhereyestotherealworld.D．Itmadeherchildhooddreamcometrue.【答案】1．D2．C3．C【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者通过三个夏天的工作，开阔了

视野，接受真实世界的多样性，不再是幼儿园里那个害怕的小女孩了。1．细节理解题。根据第一段第三四句“Afewyearslater,asIstoodinthelunchlinewithmykindergartenclassinaschoolinBrookly

n,Irealizedthingswerenolongerthatsimple.Myclassmatesrangedfromthosekidswithpaleskinandlargeblueeyestothosewithr

ichbrownskinanddarkhair.(几年后，当我站在布鲁克林一所幼儿园的午餐队伍里时，我意识到事情不再那么简单了。我的同学中有皮肤白皙、蓝眼睛大的，也有棕色皮肤、深色头发的)”可知，当作者去了在Brooklyn

的一所学校之后，发现学校里的人不一样。故选D。2．推理判断题。根据第二段第二三句“Forthepastthreesummers,IhaveworkedinagovernmentagencyinNewYork.Newimmigrantsmuchlikethelittlegirlinthelu

nchlinefloodedourofficeseekinghelp.(过去的三个夏天，我一直在纽约的一家政府机构工作。新移民涌入我们的办公室寻求帮助，就像排队吃午餐的小女孩一样)”以及第一段第三句“Af

ewyearslater,asIstoodinthelunchlinewithmykindergartenclassinaschoolinBrooklyn,Irealizedthingswerenolongerthatsi

mple.(几年后，当我站在布鲁克林一所幼儿园的午餐队伍里时，我意识到事情不再那么简单了)”可知，当年的小女孩长大了，在纽约的一家政府机构工作，工作环境让她想到当年自己在幼儿园的午餐队伍排队的情境。故选C。3．推理判断题。根据最后一段第三四五句“T

hisworkexpandedmymindinwaysthatareimpossibleinsidethefourwallsofaclassroom.WalkingthroughthestreetsofBr

ooklyntoday,Iamnolongerconfusedbythiscity’ssoundsandsmells.Instead,enjoyitsdiversity.(这项工作拓展了我的思维，这是在四面墙的教室里不可能做到的。今天走在布鲁克林的街道上，我不再

对这座城市的声音和气味感到困惑。相反，我会享受它的多样性)”可知，作者三个夏天的工作拓展了思维，开始接受真实世界的多样性。故选C。5.(2022年北京卷卷)MynameisAlice.Earlylastyear,Iwastrouble

dbyananxietythatcrippled(削弱)myabilitytodoanything.Ifeltlikeastormcloudhungoverme.ForalmostayearIstruggledon,consta

ntlystaringatthiswallthatfacedme.Myperfectionisttendencieswerethemainrootofthis:IwantedtobeperfectatwhateverIdid,whichobviouslyinlifeisn

otpossible,butitconsumedme.Oneday,IattendedapresentationbywildlifeconservationistGrantBrownatmyhighschool.Hispresent

ationnotonlyawedandinspiredme,butalsohelpedemergeaninnerdesiretomakeadifferenceintheworld.Ijoinedapre-pre

sentationdinnerwithhimandthatsmallersettingallowedmetoslowlybuildupmycouragetospeakone-on-onewithhim—anideathathadseemedcompletelyi

mpossible.Thisfirstcontactwaswheremystorybegan.Amonthlater,BrowninvitedmetoattendtheWorldYouthWildlifeCo

nference.Lookingback,Inowseethatthiswouldbethefirstinaseriesoftimelyopportunitiesthatmyoldselfwouldhaveletpass,

butthatthisnewandmoreconfidentAliceenthusiasticallyseized.ShortlyafterIreceivedhisinvitation,applicationstojointheYouthforNatureandthe

YouthforPlanetgroupsweresentaroundthroughmyhighschool.Idecidedtocommittocompletingtheapplications,andsoonIwasapartof

agrowingglobalteamofyoungpeopleworkingtoprotectnature.Eachofthesenewstepscontinuedtogrowmyconfidence.Iamwritingthisjustsixmonthssincemyjourneybega

nandI’verealisedthatmybiggestobstacle(障碍)thiswholetimewasmyself.Itwasthatvoiceinthebackofmyheadtellingmethatonephrasethathasstoppedsomany

peoplefromreachingtheirpotential:Ican’t.Theysaygoodthingscometothosewhowait;Isay:grabeveryopportunitywitheverythingyouhaveandbeimpatient.

Afterall,naturedoesnotrequireourpatience,butouraction.4．WhatwasthemaincauseforAlice’sanxiety?A．Herinabilitytoactherage.B．Herhabitofconsumption.C．Her

desiretobeperfect.D．Herlackofinspiration.5．HowdidGrantBrown’spresentationinfluenceAlice?A．Shedecidedtodoso

methingfornature.B．Shetastedthesweetnessoffriendship.C．Shelearnedabouttheharmofdesire.D．Shebuiltuphercouragetos

peakup.6．TheactivitiesAlicejoinedinhelpedhertobecomemore________.A．intelligentB．confidentC．innovativeD．critical7．Whatcanwelearnfromthispassage?A

．Practicemakesperfect.B．Patienceisacureofanxiety.C．Actionisworry’sworstenemy.D．Everythingcomestothosewhowait.【答案】4．C5．A6．B7．C【导语】这是一篇

记叙文。文章主要讲述作者通过参加保护自然活动治愈好了自己的焦虑。4．细节理解题。由文章第一段“Myperfectionisttendencieswerethemainrootofthis:Iwantedtobeperfectatwhate

verIdid,whichobviouslyinlifeisnotpossible,butitconsumedme.(我的完美主义倾向是这一点的主要根源：无论我做什么，我都想做到完美，这在生活中显然是不可能的，但它消耗了我。)

”可知，是要求完美导致了焦虑。故选C项。5．细节理解题。由文章第二段“Oneday,IattendedapresentationbywildlifeconservationistGrantBrownatmyhighschool.Hispresentationnotonlyaw

edandinspiredme,butalsohelpedemergeaninnerdesiretomakeadifferenceintheworld.(一天，我在高中参加了野生动物保护主义者GrantBrown的演讲。他的演讲不仅让我感到敬畏和鼓舞，还

帮助我产生了一种内在的愿望，希望在世界上有所作为。)”和文章第三段“ShortlyafterIreceivedhisinvitation,applicationstojointheYouthforNatureandtheYouthf

orPlanetgroupsweresentaroundthroughmyhighschool.Idecidedtocommittocompletingtheapplications,andsoonIwasapartofagrowingglobalteamof

youngpeopleworkingtoprotectnature.(在我收到他的邀请后不久，我的高中就收到了加入“YouthforNature”和“YouthforPlane”组织的申请。我决定致力于完成这些申请，很快我就成为了一个日益壮大的全球年轻人保护自然团队的一员。)”可知，是

GrantBrown让作者开始为从事保护自然地活动中。故选A项。6．细节理解题。由文章第三段“Idecidedtocommittocompletingtheapplications,andsoonIwasaparto

fagrowingglobalteamofyoungpeopleworkingtoprotectnature.Eachofthesenewstepscontinuedtogrowmyconfidence.(我决定完成申请，很快我就成为了一个不断壮大的全球年轻人保护自然团队

的一员。每一步都让我更加自信。)”可知，Alice加入这些活动让她变得更自信了。故选B项。7．推理判断题。由第一段“Earlylastyear,Iwastroubledbyananxietythatcrippled(削弱)myabilitytod

oanything.Ifeltlikeastormcloudhungoverme.”（去年年初，我被一种焦虑困扰，它削弱了我做任何事情的能力。）由文章第三段“Idecidedtocommittocompletingtheapplications,andsoonIw

asapartofagrowingglobalteamofyoungpeopleworkingtoprotectnature.Eachofthesenewstepscontinuedtogrowmyconfidence.(我决定完成申

请，很快我就成为了一个不断壮大的全球年轻人保护自然团队的一员。每一步都让我更加自信。)可知，文章主要讲述作者通过参加保护自然活动治愈好了自己的焦虑。所以从文章中我们能学到行动是忧虑最大的敌人。故选C项。6.(2

022年天津卷卷)I’man18-year-oldpre-medicalstudent,tallndgood-looking,withtwoshortstorybooksandquiteanumberofessay

smycredit.WhyamIsingingsuchpraisesofmyself?Justtoexplainthatheattainmentofself-pridecomesfromagreatdealofself-love,andtoattain

it,onemustfirstlearntoacceptoneselfasoneis.Thatwaswheremystrugglebegan.BornandraisedinAfrica，IhadalwaystakenmyAfricanoriginasbu

rden.Myself-dislikewasfurtherfueledwhenmyfamilyhadtorelocatetoNorway,whereIattendedahighschool.Comparedtoallthewhitegirlsaroundme,withtheirgolde

nhairanddelicatelips,I,ablackgirl,hadcurlyhairandfull,redlips.Mynoseoftenhadathinsheetofsweatonit,whatevertheweatherwas.Ijustwantedtobury

myselfinmyshellcrying“I’msodifferent!”Whatalsocontributedtomyself-dislikewasmyoccasionalstuttering(口吃),whichha

dweakenedmyself-confidence.Italwaysstoodbetweenmeandanyfineopportunity.I’dtakenitasanexcusetoavoidanypublic

speakingsessions,andunknowinglyletitruleoverme.Fortunately,asIgrewolder,therecameaturningpoint.Onedayawhitegirlcaughtmyeyeontheschoolbuswhenshesudde

nlyturnedback.Tomyastonishment,shehadathinsheetofsweatonhernosetoo,anditwasinNovember!“Wow,”Iwhisperedtomyself,“thisisn’tagenet

ic(遗传的)disorderafterall.It’sperfectlynormal.”Dayslater,mylifetookan-othertwist(转折).Searchingtheinternetforstutteringcures,Iaccidentallyle

arnedthatsuchfamouspeopleasIsaacNewtonandWinstonChurchillalsostuttered.Iwasgreatlyrelievedandthenanideasuddenly

hitme—ifI’msmart,Ishouldn’tallowmystutteringtostandbetweenmeandmysuccess.Anotherboosttomyself-confidencecamedayslaterasIwaswatc

hingthenewsaboutOprahWinfrey,thefamoustalkshowhostandwriter—she’sblacktoo!WheneverIthinkofherstoryandmyformerdislikeofmycolor,I’mpracticallyfille

dwithshame.Today,I’vegrowntoacceptwhatIamwithpride;itsimplygivesmefeelingofuniqueness.Theideaofself-lovehastakenonawholenewmean

ingforme:there’salwayssomethingfantasticaboutus,andwhatwneedtodoislearntoappreciateit.41.Whataffectedtheauthor’sadjustmenttoherschoollifeinNor

way!A.HerappearanceB.Socialdiscrimɪnation.C.Herchangingemotions.D.TheclimateinNorway.42.Whatdidtheauthor’soccasionalstutteringbringaboutaccordingonPa

ragraph3?A.Herlackofself-confidence.B.Herlossofinterestinschool.C.Herunwillingnesstogreetherclassmates.D.Herdesireforchancestoimproveherself.43.How

didtheauthorfeelonnoticingthesimilaritybetweenherandnegirlonthebus?A.Blessedandproud.B.Confusedandafraid.C.Amazedandrelieved.D.Shockedandashamed.44.W

hatlessondidtheauthorlearnfromthecasesofNewtonandChurchill?A.Greatmindsspeakalike.B.Stutteringisnobarriertosuccess.C.Wisdomco

untsmorethanhardwork.D.Famouspeoplecan’tlivewiththeirweaknesses.45.Whatcanbestsummarizethemessagecontainedinthepassage?A.Pridecomes

beforeafall.B.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.C.Self-acceptanceisbasedontheloveforoneself.DSelf-loveiskeytotheattainmentofself-pride.【答案】41.

A42.A43.C44.B45.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述的是作者在非洲长大的经历，在成长的过程中作者意识到一个人要获得自尊就要首先学会接受自己本来的面目。【41题详解】推理判断题。根据

文中第二段“Comparedtoallthewhitegirlsaroundme,withtheirgoldenhairanddelicatelips,I,ablackgirl,hadcurlyhairandful

l,redlips.Mynoseoftenhadathinsheetofsweatonit,whatevertheweatherwas.Ijustwantedtoburymyselfinmyshellcrying“I’msodifferent!”(与我周围所有有着金色头发和

精致嘴唇的白人女孩相比，我，一个黑人女孩，有着卷曲的头发和饱满的红唇。无论天气如何，我的鼻子上经常有一层薄薄的汗水。我只想把自己埋在壳里哭着“我太不一样了！”)”可知，作者的外表与其他的孩子不同，这使得作者不容易适应学校的生活

。故选A项。【42题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Whatalsocontributedtomyself-dislikewasmyoccasionalstuttering(口吃),whichhadweakenedmy

self-confidence.(导致我自我厌恶的还有我偶尔的口吃，这削弱了我的自信心。)”可知，作者的口吃导致作者失去了自信。故选A项。【43题详解】推理判断题。文中第四段提到“Tomyastonishment,shehadathinsheetofsweato

nhernosetoo,anditwasinNovember!(令我惊讶的是，她的鼻子上也有薄薄的汗水，而且是在十一月！)”可知，作者见到小女孩儿感到很惊讶，根据句子中““Wow,”Iwhisperedtomyself,“thisisn’tagenetic(遗传的)disor

derafterall.It’sperfectlynormal.”(“哇，”我低声对自己说，“这毕竟不是遗传疾病。这很正常。”)”可知，作者此刻感到很放松。故选C项。【44题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Iwasgre

atlyrelievedandthenanideasuddenlyhitme—ifI’msmart,Ishouldn’t.allowmystutteringtostandbetweenmeandmysucces

s.(我大大地松了一口气，然后一个想法突然出现在我脑海中——如果我聪明，我不应该让我的口吃阻碍我和我的成功。)”可知,作者意识到口吃不应该是自己成功的障碍。故选B项。【45题详解】主旨大意题。根据首段中的“Justtoexplainthatheattainmentof

self-pridecomesfromagreatdealofself-love,andtoattainit,onemustfirstlearntoacceptoneselfasoneis.Thatwaswheremystrugglebegan.(只

是为了解释他获得自尊来自大量的自爱，而要获得它，一个人必须首先学会接受自己的本来面目。这就是我挣扎开始的地方。)”可知，本文要讲述的是作者在经历中感悟到要想有自尊，首先要自爱。故选D项。1.(2021年全国甲卷)When

Iwas9,wepackedupourhomeinLosAngelesandarrivedatHeathrow,LondononagrayJanuarymorning.Everyoneinthefamilysettledquicklyintothecityexceptme.Withou

tmybelovedbeachesandendlessblue—skydays,Ifeltatalossandoutofplace.UntilImadeadiscovery.Southbank,ataneasternbendint

heThames,isthecenterofBritishskateboarding,wherethecontinuouscrashingofskateboardsleftyourheadringing.Ilovedit.Isoonmadefriendswiththelocalskate

rs.Wespokeourownlanguage.Andmyfavorite:Safe.Safemeantcool.Itmeanthello.Itmeantdon'tworryaboutit.Once,whentryingac

ertaintrickonthebeam（横杆）,Ifellontothestones,damaginganerveinmyhand,andTobycameover,helpingmeup:Safe,man.Safe.Afewminuteslate

r,whenIlandedthetrick,myfriendsbeattheirboardsloud,shouting:“Safe!Safe!Safe!”Andthat'swhatmattered—landingtricks,beingago

odskater.WhenIwas15,myfamilymovedtoWashington.Itriedskateboardingthere,butthelocalswerefarlesswelcoming.Within

acoupleofyears,I'dgivenitup.WhenIreturnedtoLondonin2004,IfoundmyselfwanderingdowntoSouthbank,spendinghoursthere

.I'vetraveledbackseveraltimessince,mostrecentlythispastspring.Thedaywascoldbutclear:touristsandLondonersstoppedtowatchtheskaters.Weaving（穿梭）amongthek

idswhorushedbyontheirboards,Ifoundmywaytothebeam.Thenarail—thinteenager,inabaggywhiteT—shirt,skidded（滑）uptothebeam.Hesatnexttome.

Heseemednottonoticethemannexttohim.ButsoonIcaughtafewofhisglances.“Iwasalocalhere20yearsago,”Itoldhim.Then,slowly,hebegantonodhishead

.“Safe,man.Safe.”“Yeah,”Isaid.“Safe.”8.WhatcanwelearnabouttheauthorsoonafterhemovedtoLondon?A.Hefeltdisappointed.B.H

egaveuphishobby.C.Helikedtheweatherthere.D.Hehaddisagreementswithhisfamily.9.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“Safe!Safe!Safe!”probablymea

n?A.Becareful!B.Welldone!C.Noway!D.Don'tworry!10.WhydidtheauthorliketospendtimeinSouthbankwhenhereturnedtoLon

don?A.Tojointheskateboarding.B.Tomakenewfriends.C.Tolearnmoretricks.D.Torelivehischildhooddays11.Whatmessagedoestheauthorseemtoconve

yinthetext?A.Childrenshouldlearnasecondlanguage.B.Sportisnecessaryforchildren'shealth.C.Childrenneedasenseofbelonging

D.Seeingtheworldisamustforchildren.【答案】8.A9.B10.D11.C【解析】【分析】本文属于记叙文。本文讲述作者自己的经历，起初搬到伦敦很不适应，但是由于找到了玩滑板的地方，结识了玩滑板的朋友，因

此很好的适应了。作者回到伦敦之后，经常去之前玩滑板的地方寻找自己的回忆，在与一个玩滑板的孩子打招呼的时候，终于找到了自己久违的熟悉感。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Everyoneinthefamilysettledquicklyintothecityexceptme.Wit

houtmybelovedbeachesandendlessblue-skydays,Ifeltatalossandoutofplace.(除了我之外的家里人都很快适应这个城市，没有了我喜爱的沙滩和蓝天，我感到迷茫和无措)”可知，

作者刚到伦敦的时候因为没有喜爱的沙滩，不能很好的融入到新的城市，感到很沮丧，故选A。【9题详解】词义猜测题。根据画线词后文“Andthat'swhatmattered—landingtricks,beingagoodskater.(那才是真正重要的——滑板的

落地技巧掌握了才是一名好的滑板玩家)”可知，作者掌握了滑板落地技巧，因此他的朋友大声欢呼，因此可以推出本句的Safe是赞美的含义，结合选项，故选B。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段““Iwasalocalhere

20yearsago,"Itoldhim.Then,slowly,hebegantonodhishead.“Safe,man.Safe.””(我告诉他：“我20年前经常在这里玩滑板，”他缓慢地开始向我点头：“嗨，

你好！”)”可推知，作者去Southbank这个地方是为了寻找自己玩滑板的回忆，故选D。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据全文可知，作者起初搬到伦敦很不适应，但是由于找到了玩滑板的地方，结识了玩滑板的朋友，因此很好的适应

了。但是搬去华盛顿，因为没有遇到很好的玩滑板的朋友，几年之后就不再玩滑板，作者回到伦敦之后，经常去之前玩滑板的地方寻找自己的回忆，在于一个孩子打招呼的时候，终于找到了自己久违的回忆。通过作者的经历，作者要表达的是，归属感对于孩子是很重要的，故选C。2.(2021年新高考I卷)

Byday,RobertTittertonisalawyer.InhisspareonstagebesidepianistMariaRaspopova—notasamusicianbutasherpageturner.“I’mnotatrainedmusicia

n,butI’velearnttoreadmusicsoIcanhelpMariainherperformance.”MrTittertonischairmanoftheOmegaEnsemblebuthasbeenthegroup’sof

ficialpageturnerforthepastfouryears.Hisjobistositbesidethepianistandturnthepagesofthescoresothemusiciandoesn’thavetobreakth

eflowofsoundbydoingitthemselves.Hesaidhebecamejustasnervousasthoseplayinginstrumentsonstage.“Alotofskillsareneededforthejob.Youhavetomake

sureyoudon’tturntwopagesatonceandmakesureyoufindtherepeatsinthemusicwhenyouhavetogobacktotherightspot.”MrTitte

rtonexplained.Beingapageturnerrequiresplentyofpractice.Somepiecesofmusiccangofor40minutesandrequireupto50pageturns,includingbackturnsforrepeatpa

ssages.Silentonstagecommunicationiskey,andeachpianisthastheirownstyleof“nodding”toindicateapageturnwhichtheyneed

topractisewiththeirpageturner.Butlikeallperformances,therearemomentswhenthingsgowrong.“Iwasturningthepagetogetreadyforthenextpa

ge,butthedraftwindfromtheturncausedthesparepagestofalloffthestand,”MrTittertonsaid,“LuckilyIwasabletocatchthem

andputthemback.”Mostpageturnersarepianostudentsorup-and-comingconcertpianists,althoughMsRaspopovahasonceaskedherhusband

tohelpheroutonstage.“Myhusbandistheworstpageturner,”shelaughed.“He’sinterestedinthemusic,feelingeverynote,andIhavetosay:‘Turn,turn!’“Robertisth

ebestpageturnerI’vehadinmyentirelife.”24.WhatshouldTittertonbeabletodotobeapageturner?A.Readmusic.B.Playthepiano.C.Singsongs.

D.Fixtheinstruments.25.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesTitterton’sjobonstage?A.Boring.B.Well-paid.C.Demand

ing.D.Dangerous.26.WhatdoesTittertonneedtopractise?A.Countingthepages.B.Recognizingthe“nodding”.C.Catchingfallingobjects.D.Per

forminginhisownstyle.27.WhyisMsRaspopova’shusband“theworsepageturner”?A.Hehasverypooreyesight.B.Heignorestheaudience.C.Hehasnoin

terestinmusic.D.Heforgetstodohisjob.【答案】24.A25.C26.B27.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了为钢琴演奏者做翻页工作的RobertTitterton和他的

工作情况。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“I’mnotatrainedmusician,butI’velearnttoreadmusicsoIcanhelpMariainherperformance

.(我不是受过训练的音乐家，但我学会了识谱，这样我就可以在Maria的表演中帮助她)”可知，Titterton因为识谱，所以可以在Maria的钢琴表演中为她翻页。故选A项。【25题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Alotofskill

sareneededforthejob.Youhavetomakesureyoudon’tturntwopagesatonceandmakesureyoufindtherepeatsinthemusicwhenyouhavetogobacktotherightsp

ot.(这项工作需要很多技能。你必须确保你不会一次翻两页并且必要的时候确保你回到前面找到音乐重复的部分)”可知，为钢琴家翻页这项工作很需要技巧。由此推知，Titterton的工作要求是很高的。故选C项。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Silentonstagecommunica

tioniskey,andeachpianisthastheirownstyleof“nodding”toindicateapageturnwhichtheyneedtopractisewiththeirpageturner.(无声的舞台交流是关键，每个钢琴

家都有自己的“点头”风格来表示翻页，他们需要和翻页者进行练习)”可知，Titterton需要和钢琴演奏者练习识别他们的“点头”示意来翻页。故选B项。【27题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“He’sinterestedinthemusi

c,feelingeverynote,andIhavetosay:‘Turn,turn!’(他对音乐很感兴趣，感受着每一个音符，所以我不得不说：“翻页，翻页！”)”可知，MsRaspopova的丈夫因为对音乐感兴趣，所以帮她翻页的

时候总是沉浸在音乐中而忘掉自己的工作，她不得不去提醒。故选D项。3.(2021年新高考II卷)IhaveworkedasakeeperattheNationalZoo,Parisfor11years.SpotandStripearethefirsttigercu

bsthathaveeverbeenbornhere.Globally,athirdofSumatrancubsinzoosdon'tmakeittoadulthood,soIdecidedtogivethemround-the-clockcareathome.I'vego

ttwochildren—theyoungerone,Kynan,wasextremelyhappyaboutthetigersarriving-butallofusreallylookedforwardtobeingpartofth

eirlivesandwatchingthemgrow.Iwasn'tworriedaboutbringingthemintomyhomewithmywifeandkids.Thesewerecubs.Theyweighedabout2.5kgandweresosmall

thattherewasabsolutelynorisk.Astheygrewmoremobile,weletthemmovefreelyaroundthehouseduringtheday,butwhenwewereasleepwehadtocontaint

heminalargeroom,otherwisethey'dgetuptomischief.We'dcomedowninthemorningtofindthey'dturnedtheroomupsidedown,andleftitlookinglikeazoo.Thingsquicklygo

tveryintenseduetothehugeamountofenergyrequiredtolookafterthem.ThereweresometoughtimesandIjustfeltextremelytired.Iwasgratefulthatmyfamilyw

astheretohelp.Wehadtohaveabitofaproductionlinegoing,makingup“tigermilk”,washingbabybottles,andcleaningthefloors.When

SpotandStripewerefourmonthsold,theywerelearninghowtoopendoorsandjumpfences,andweknewitreallywastimeforthemtogo.Itwashardforustofinal

lypartwiththem.Forthefirstfewdays,Kynanwasalwaysabitdisappointedthatthecubsweren'tthere.I'mnotsadaboutit.I'mhands-onwiththemev

erydayatthezoo,andIdolookbackveryfondlyonthetimethatwehadthem.4.Whydidtheauthorbringthetigercubshome?A.Toensuretheirsurvival.B.

Toobservetheirdifferences.C.Toteachthemlifeskills.D.Toletthemplaywithhiskids.5.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“getuptomischief”meaninparagraph3?A.Behavebadl

y.B.Losetheirway.C.Sleepsoundly.D.Misstheirmom.6.Whatdidtheauthorthinkofraisingthetigercubsathome?A.Boring.B.Tiri

ng.C.Costly.D.Risky.7.WhydidtheauthordecidetosendSpotandStripebacktothezoo?A.Theyfrightenedthechildren.B.Theybecame

difficulttocontain.C.Theyannoyedtheneighbours.D.Theystartedfightingeachother.【答案】4.A5.A6.B7.B【解析】【分析】这

是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者为了保证两只老虎幼崽的存活，决定在家里全天候照顾它们。介绍了老虎在作者家生活的情况以及作者照顾老虎的感受。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Globally,athirdofSumatrancubsinzoosdon'

tmakeittoadulthood,soIdecidedtogivethemround-the-clockcareathome.(在全球范围内，动物园里三分之一的苏门答腊老虎幼崽活不到成年，所以我决定

在家里全天候照顾它们)”可知，作者把老虎幼崽带回家是为了确保他们的存活。故选A。【5题详解】词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“Astheygrewmoremobile,weletthemmovefreelyaroundthehousedurin

gtheday,butwhenwewereasleepwehadtocontaintheminalargeroom,otherwisethey'd”（随着它们的活动越来越多，我们白天让它们在房子里自由活动，但当我们睡觉时，我们必须把它们关

在一个大房间里，否则它们会）以及后文“We'dcomedowninthemorningtofindthey'dturnedtheroomupsidedown,andleftitlookinglikeazoo.”（我们早上下楼时发现他们把房间弄得乱七八糟，

让它看起来像个动物园。）可知，作者不得不把老虎们关在一个大房间里，否则它们就会调皮捣蛋，表现不好。早上下楼时发现他们把房间弄得乱七八糟，看起来像个动物园。故画线词意思是“表现不好”。故选A。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中“Thingsquicklygotver

yintenseduetothehugeamountofenergyrequiredtolookafterthem.ThereweresometoughtimesandIjustfeltextremelytired.(由于需要

大量的精力来照顾它们，事情很快变得非常紧张。有一段艰难的日子，我只是觉得非常累)”可推知，作者认为在家里养小老虎累人。故选B。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“WhenSpotandStripewerefourmonthsold,the

ywerelearninghowtoopendoorsandjumpfences,andweknewitreallywastimeforthemtogo.(当Spot和Stripe四个月大的时候，他们正在学习如

何开门和跳栅栏，我们知道是时候让他们离开了)”可知，作者决定把Spot和Stripe送回动物园是因为他们变得难以控制。故选B。4.(2021年浙江卷6月)LeslieNielsen’schildhoodwasadifficultone,buthehadonep

articularshiningstarinhislife—hisuncle,whowasawell-knownactor.TheadmirationandrespecthisuncleearnedinspiredNielsentomakeacareer(职

业)inacting.Eventhoughheoftenfelthewouldbediscoveredtobeano-talent,hemovedforward,gainingascholarshiptotheNeighborhoodPlayhouseandmakinghisf

irsttelevisionappearanceafewyearslaterin1948.However,becomingafull-time,successfulactorwouldstillbeanuph

illbattleforanothereightyearsuntilhelandedanumberoffilmrolesthatfinallygothimnoticed.Buteventhen,whathehadwasn’tquite

whathewanted.Nielsenalwaysfeltheshouldbedoingcomedybuthisgoodlooksanddistinguishedvoicekepthimbusyindramaticrole

s.Itwasn’tuntil1980—32yearsintohiscareer—thathelandedtheroleitwouldseemhewasmadeforinAirplane!Thatmovieledhimintothesecondhalfofh

iscareerwherehiscomedicpresencealonecouldmakeamovieafinancialsuccessevenwhenmoviereviewerswouldnotrateithighly.Did

Nielsenthenfeelcontentinhiscareer?Yesandno.Hewasthrilledtobedoingthecomedythathealwaysfeltheshoulddo,butevenduringhislastfewyears,healway

shadasenseofcuriosity,wonderingwhatnewroleorchallengemightbejustaroundthecomer.Heneverstoppedworking,neverretired.LeslieNielsen’sdevotiontoactin

giswonderfullyinspiring.Hebuiltahugelysuccessfulcareerwithlittlemorethanplainoldhardworkanddetermination.Heshowedusthatevenasingledes

ire,nevergivenupon,canmakeforaremarkablelife.1.WhydidNielsenwanttobeanactor?A.Heenjoyedwatchingmovies.B.Hewaseagert

oearnmoney.C.Hewantedtobelikehisuncle.D.Hefelthewasgoodatacting.2.WhatdoweknowaboutNielseninthesecond

halfofhiscareer?A.Hedirectedsomehighqualitymovies.B.Heavoidedtakingonnewchallenges.C.Hefocusedonplayingdramaticroles.D.

Hebecameasuccessfulcomedyactor.3.WhatdoesNielsen’scareerstorytellus?A.Artislong,lifeisshort.B.Hewholaughslas

tlaughslongest.C.It’snevertoolatetolearn.D.Wherethere’sawillthere’saway.【答案】1.C2.D3.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了LeslieNielsen的演艺生涯。

【1题详解】细节理解题。通过文章第一段“hisuncle,whowasawell-knownactor.TheadmirationandrespecthisuncleearnedinspiredNielsentomakeacareerinacting.(他的叔叔，是一位著名的演员。Ni

elsen的叔叔所赢得的钦佩和尊重激励他走上了演艺事业)”可知，Nielsen想当演员的原因是想像他叔叔一样。故选C项。【2题详解】细节理解题。通过文章第二段“Thatmovieledhimintothesecondhalfofhiscareerwherehiscomedicpre

sencealonecouldmakeamovieafinancialsuccessevenwhenmoviereviewerswouldnotrateithighly.(这部电影使他进入了职业生涯的后半段，即使影

评人对这部电影评价不高，但仅仅凭他的喜剧表演就可以使这部电影获得经济上的成功)”可知，在Nielsen职业生涯的后半段，他成了一个成功的喜剧演员。故选D项。【3题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，再结合文章最后一段“Hebuiltahugelysuccessfulcareerwithlittlemore

thanplainoldhardworkanddetermination.Heshowedusthatevenasingledesire,nevergivenupon,canmakeforaremarka

blelife.(他凭借平凡的努力和决心建立了一个非常成功的事业。他告诉我们，即使是只有一个愿望，永不放弃，也能成就非凡的人生)”可推知，Nielsen的职业经历告诉我们：有志者事竟成。故选D项。5.(2021年浙江卷1月)Morethan25ye

arsago,SarooBrierleylivedinrural（农村）India.Oneday,heplayedwithhisbrotheralongtheraillineandfellasleep.Whenhewokeupandfoundhimselfalone,the4-year-o

lddecidedhisbrothermightbeonthetrainhesawinfrontofhim-sohegoton.Thattraintookhimathousandmilesacrossthecount

rytoatotallystrangecity.Helivedonthestreets,andtheninanorphanage（孤儿院）.There,hewasadoptedbyanAustralianfamilyandflowntoTasmania.As

hewritesinhisnewbook,ALongWayHome,Brierleycouldn'thelpbutwonderabouthishometownbackinIndia.Herememberedlandmarks,butsincehedidn'

tknowhistown'sname,findingasmallneighborhoodinavastcountryprovedtobeimpossible.Thenhefoundadigitalmappingprogram.Hespentyearssearchingforhisho

metownintheprogram'ssatellitepictures.In2011,hecameacrosssomethingfamiliar.Hestudieditandrealizedhewaslookingatato

wn'scentralbusinessdistrictfromabird's-eyeview.Hethought,“Ontheright-handsideyoushouldseethethree-platformtrainstation”—andthereitwas.

"Andontheleft-handsideyoushouldseeabigfountain"-andthereitwas.Everythingjuststartedtomatch.Whenhestoodinf

rontofthehousewherehegrewupasachild,hesawaladystandingintheentrance."There'ssomethingaboutme,"hethought—andittookhimafewsecondsb

uthefinallyrememberedwhatsheusedtolooklike.InaninterviewBrierleysays,"MymotherlookedsomuchshorterthanIremembered

.Butshecameforthandwalkedforward,andIwalkedforward,andmyfeelingsandtearsandthechemicalinmybrain,youknow,itwaslikeanuclearfusio

n（核聚变）.Ijustdidn'tknowwhattosay,becauseIneverthoughtseeingmymotherwouldevercometrue.AndhereIam,stand

inginfrontofher.”1．WhywasBrierleyseparatedfromhisfamilyabout25yearsago?A．Hegotonatrainbymistake.B．Hegotlostwhil

eplayinginthestreet.C．Hewastakenawaybyaforeigner.D．HewasadoptedbyanAustralianfamily.2．HowdidBrierleyfindhishometown?A．Byanalyzingoldpictures.B．By

travellingallaroundIndia.C．Bystudyingdigitalmaps.D．Byspreadinghisstoryviahisbook.3．WhatdoesBrierleymainlytalkabou

tintheinterview?A．Hisloveforhismother.B．Hisreunionwithhismother.C．Hislongwaybackhome.D．Hismemoryofhishometo

wn.【答案】1．A2．C3．B【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了布尔利小时候意外走失，长大后通过自己努力找回家人的故事。1．细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Whenhewokeupandfoundhimselfalone:t

he4-year-olddecidedhisbrothermightbeonthetrainhesawinfrontofhim-sohegoton.(当他醒来发现自己一个人时：4岁的孩子判断他哥哥可能在他前面看到的火车上，所以

他上了车)”以及第二段中“Thattraintookhimathousandmilesacrossthecountrytoatotallystrangecity.(那列火车把他带到了一个千里迢迢之外的陌生城市）”可知，布尔利在25年前和家人分开是因为他误上了火车。故选A项。2．细节

理解题。通过文章第四段“Thenhefoundadigitalmappingprogram.Hespentyearssearchingforhishometownintheprogram’ssatellitepictur

es.(然后他找到了一个数字地图程序。他花了数年时间在该节目的卫星图片中寻找家乡)”以及“Everythingjuststartedtomatch.(一切都开始匹配了）”可知，布尔利是通过研究数字地图找到家乡的。故选

C项。3．细节理解题。通过文章最后一段“InaninterviewBrierleysays:“MymotherlookedsomuchshorterthanIremembered.Butshecameforthandwalkedforward

,andIwalkedforward,andmyfeelingsandtearsandthechemicalinmybrain,youknow:itwaslikenuclearfusion（核聚变）.justdidn’tknowwhatt

osay:becauseIneverthoughtseeingmymotherwouldevercometrue.AndhereIam,standinginfrontofher.(在一次采访中，布尔利说：“我妈妈看起来比我记忆中矮多了。但

是她走了出来，朝我走来，我也向着她走去，我的感情、眼泪和大脑里的化学物质，你知道的：就像发生了核聚变。只是不知道该说些什么：因为我从没想过见到我母亲会成为现实。我就在这里，站在她面前。)”可知，作者在采访中讲述了他和母亲的团聚。故选B项。6.(2021年天津卷)Whenpeopl

easkmehowIstartedwriting,IfindmyselfdescribinganurgentneedthatIfelttoworkwithlanguage.Havingsaidthat,Ididnotknowforalongtime

whatIwaslookingfor.ItwasnotuntilIfollowedthisfeelingtoitssourcethatIdiscoveredIhadapassionforwriting.Withsomeencour

agementfrommycolleagues,Ihadoneofmypoemspublished.Thisbitofsuccess,however,wasthepointwheremyproblembegan.Backin1978,Ihadtotravelbetweenthr

eedifferentcampusesinthemorning,teachingfreshmancomposition.AfternoonsIspenttakingmydaughtertoherballetandhorse-riding

lessons.Icomposedmylecturesontheway,andthatwasallthethinkingtimeIhad.WhenIreturnedhome,therewasnotenoughofmelef

tforwritingafterafullworkingday.Asawayout,Idecidedtogetuptwohoursbeforemyusualtime.Myalarmwassetfor5:00A.M.ThefirstdayIshutitoffbecauseIhadplaceditwi

thinarm'sreach.TheseconddayIsettwoclocks,oneonmynighttable,andoneoutinthehallway.Ihadtojumpoutofbedandruntosilenceitbeforemyfamilywasawoken.Thisw

aswhenmymorningwritingbegan.Sincethatfirstmorningin1978,Ihavebeenfollowingthehabittothisday,notmakingora

cceptingmanyexcusesfornotwriting.Iwrotemypoemsinthismannerfornearlytenyearsbeforemyfirstbookwaspublished.WhenIdecidedtowriteanove

l,Idividedmytwohours:thefirstforpoetry,thesecondforfiction.Wellorbadly,Iwroteatleasttwopagesaday.Thisishowmynovel,TheLineoftheSun

.wasfinished.IfIhadwaitedtohavethetime,Iwouldstillbewaitingtowritemynovel.WhatIgotoutofgettingupinthedarktoworkisth

efeelingthatIamincontrol.Formanypeople,theinitialsenseofurgencytocreateeasilydiesawaybecauseitrequiresmakingthetoughdecision:takingthetime

tocreate,stealingitfromyourselfififstheonlyway.41.Whatmotivatedtheauthortostartherwritingcareer?A.Herstrongwishtoshare.B.H

erkeeninterestinwriting.C.Herurgentneedtomakealiving.D.Herpassionatedesireforfame.42.Whatproblemdidtheauthorfacewhenshe

decidedtobeginherwriting?A.Shewastooexhaustedtowriteafterabusyday.B.Shehadtroubleindecidingonherwritingstyle.C.Shehadtotaketimetodisciplineherd

aughter.DShewasunsureaboutherwritingskills.43.Whydidtheauthorplaceanalarmclockinthehallway?A.Incasetheclockinherroombrokedown.

B.Incaseshefailedtoheartheringing.C.Toforceherselfoutofbed.D.Towakeupherfamily.44.Howdidtheauthormanagetofinish

hernovel?A.Bystickingtowritingeverymorning.B.Bywritingwhenhermindwasmostactive.C.Bydrawinginspiratio

nsfromclassicnovels.D.Byreducingherteachinghoursatschool.45.Whatcanwelearnfromtheauthor'ssuccessinherwritingcareer?A

.Itisnevertoolatetochangeyourjob.B.Imaginativeideasdieawayifnottakenintime.C.Atightscheduleisnoexcuseforl

ackofaction.D.Dailylifeprovidesideasforcreativewriting.【答案】41.B42.A43.C44.A45.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是作者喜爱写作并制定计划一直坚持下来。【41题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Whenpeo

pleaskmehowIstartedwriting,IfindmyselfdescribinganurgentneedthatIfelttoworkwithlanguage.”当人们问我是如何开始写作的时候，我发现自己在描述一种

对语言的迫切需.求。可知，促使作者开始她的写作生涯的原因是她对写作的强烈兴趣。故选B项。【42题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“WhenIreturnedhome,therewasnotenoughofmeleftforwritingafterafullworkingday.”当我回到

家时，在工作了一整天后，我写东西的精力已经不够了。可知，当作者决定开始写作时，因为她忙碌了一天之后，她筋疲力尽，无法再写作了。故选A项。【43题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“ThefirstdayIshutitoffbecauseIhadp

laceditwithinarm'sreach.TheseconddayIsettwoclocks,oneonmynighttable,andoneoutinthehallway.”第一天我把它关掉了，因为我把它放在触手可及的地方。第二天，我调了两个钟，一个放在床头柜上，一个放在走廊上。可知，作

者在走廊里放了一个闹钟的原因是为了强迫自己起床。故选C项。【44题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Sincethatfirstmorningin1978,Ihavebeenfollowingthehabittothisday,notmakingoracceptingmany

excusesfornotwriting.”从1978年的第一个早晨开始，我一直遵循这个习惯，直到今天，不为不写作找任何借口。可知，作者能够写小说的原因是坚持每天早上写作。故选A项。45题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“WhatIg

otoutofgettingupinthedarktoworkisthefeelingthatIamincontrol.”我从摸黑起床工作中得到的是一种掌控一切的感觉。以及文章第四段“Sincethatfirst

morningin1978,Ihavebeenfollowingthehabittothisday,notmakingoracceptingmanyexcusesfornotwriting.”从1978年的第一个早晨开始，我一直遵循

这个习惯，直到今天，不为不写作找任何借口。可知，紧凑的日程并不是不采取行动的借口。故选C项。7.（2021年北京卷）Irememberthedayduringourfirstweekofclasswhenwewereinformedaboutoursemester（学期）pro

jectofvolunteeringatanon-profitorganization．Whentheteacherintroducedustothedifferentorganizationsthatneededourhelp

，mylastchoicewasOperationIraqiChildren（OIC）．Myfirstimpressionoftheorganizationwasthatitwasnotgoingtomakeenoughofadifferencew

iththeplansIhadinmind．Then，anOICrepresentativegaveussomedetails，whichsomewhatinterestedme．Afterdoingsomeresearch，Ibelievedthatwecouldreall

ydosomethingforthosekids．WhenIwentonlinetotheOICwebsite，IsawpicturesoftheIraqichildren．Theirfacesweresopowerfulinsendin

gamessageoftheirdespair（绝望）andneedthatIjoinedthisprojectwithouthesitation．Wedecidedtocollectasmanyschoolsuppliesaspossible，andmaket

hemintokits——onekit，onechild．Themostrewardingdayforourgroupwasprojectday，whenalltheeffortsweputintocollect

ingtheitemsfinallycametogether．WhenIsawthevarioussupplieswehadcollected，ithitmethateverykitweweretobuildthatdaywouldeventuallybeinthehandsofan

Iraqichild．Overthepastfourmonths，IhadneverimaginedhowI【wouldfeelonceourprojectwascompleted．Whilemakingthekits，Ir

ealizedthatIhadlostsightofthetruemeaningbehindit．IhadonlyfocusedonthefactthatitwasanotherschoolprojectandoneIwant

edtogetagoodgradeon．Whenthekitswerecompleted，andreadytobesentoverseas，thewarmfeelingIhadwasoneIwouldneverforget．Inthebeginning，Idaredmyselftoma

keadifferenceinthelifeofanotherperson．Nowthatourprojectisover，IrealizethatIhaveaffectednotonlyonelife，butten．Withou

refforts，tenyoungboysandgirlswillnowbeabletofurthertheireducation．24.HowdidtheauthorfeelaboutjoiningtheOICprojectinthebeginning？A.Itwouldaffecthis/he

rinitialplans．B.Itwouldinvolvetravelingoverseas．CItwouldnotbringhim/heragoodgrade．D.Itwouldnotliveuptohis/herexpectations．25.Whatmainlyhelped

theauthorchangehis/herattitudetowardtheproject？A.ImagesofIraqichildren．B.Researchbyhis/herclassmates．C.Ateacher'sintroduction．D.Arepres

entative'scomments．26.Theauthor'sOICprojectgroupwouldhelptenIraqichildrento________．.A.becomeOICvolunteersB.furthertheireducationC.st

udyinforeigncountriesD.influenceotherchildren27.Whatcanweconcludefromthispassage？A.One'spotentialcannotalwaysbeunderrate

d．B.Firstimpressioncannotalwaysbetrusted．C.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords．D.Hewhohesitatesislost．【答案】24.D25.A26.B27.B【解析】【分析】本文是记叙文。讲述了

作者一开始认为加入伊拉克儿童行动项目不会达到他的期望，但是最后通过努力对自己和他人带来影响，说明第一印象不总是可信的。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Whentheteacherintroducedustothedifferentorganizationsthatneededourhelp

，mylastchoicewasOperationIraqiChildren（OIC）．Myfirstimpressionoftheorganizationwasthatitwasnotgoingtomakee

noughofadifferencewiththeplansIhadinmind．”（当老师向我们介绍了需要我们帮助的不同组织时，我最后的选择是伊拉克儿童行动(OIC)。我对这个组织的第一印象是，它不会对我心中的计划产生足够

的影响。）可知，一开始作者认为加入伊拉克儿童行动项目不会达到他的期望。故选D。【25题详解】.细节理解题。根据第二段“WhenIwentonlinetotheOICwebsite，IsawpicturesoftheIraqichildren．Theirfacesweresopowerf

ulinsendingamessageoftheirdespair（绝望）andneedthatIjoinedthisprojectwithouthesitation．”（当我上网访问OIC网站时，我看到了伊拉克儿童的照片。他们的脸上传递的信息是绝望和需要帮助，我毫不犹豫地加入了

这个项目。）可知，伊拉克儿童图片帮助作者改变了他对这个项目的态度。故选A。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Nowthatourprojectisover，IrealizethatIhaveaffectednotonlyonelife，butten．With

ourefforts，tenyoungboysandgirlswillnowbeabletofurthertheireducation．”（现在我们的项目结束了，我意识到我不仅影响了一个人的生活，而且影响了十个

人的生活。在我们的努力下，10名男孩和女孩现在将能够继续接受教育。）可知，作者的伊拉克儿童行动组织帮助十个伊拉克儿童继续接受教育。故选B。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Myfirstimpressionoftheorganizationwasthat

itwasnotgoingtomakeenoughofadifferencewiththeplansIhadinmind．”（我对这个组织的第一印象是，它不会对我心中的计划产生足够的影响。）和最后一段“Inthebeginning，Idaredmyselftomakeadiffer

enceinthelifeofanotherperson．Nowthatourprojectisover，IrealizethatIhaveaffectednotonlyonelife，butten．Withourefforts，tenyou

ngboysandgirlswillnowbeabletofurthertheireducation．”（一开始，我鼓励自己去改变另一个人的生活。现在我们的项目结束了，我意识到我不仅影响了一个人的生活，而且影响了十个人的生活。在

我们的努力下，十名男孩和女孩现在将能够继续接受教育。）可知，一开始作者认为加入伊拉克儿童行动不会达到他的期望，但是最后通过努力对自己和他人带来影响，说明第一印象不总是可信的。故选B。获得更多资源请扫码加入享学资源网微信公众号www.xiangxue100.com