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2021届高三适应性考试试题英语第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题纸上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后

有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whoarecomingtothespeakers’house?A.Theman’sp

arents.B.Theirfriends.C.Somestrangers.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Whodidyousaywascomingovertoday?Imightbeatmyparents’houseuntiltomorrow,soIwillmissyour

friendsifthey’restillcoming.W:It’snotmyfriends.Thetreeserviceworkersaretheoneswhowillbeherelater.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whattimeisitno

w?A.8:25.B.8:45.C.9:00.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Miss,canIinterestyouintheseafoodspecialtonight?Itwon’tstartuntilnine,butit’sonly$25,halftheusualprice.W:Ohre

ally?Thereisonlyfifteenminutestogo.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whydoesthemanwanttochangehispersonalstyle?A.Tobemoreprofessio

nal.B.Tobemorefashionable.C.Tobemorecasual.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:MyinterviewisonMonday,butIonlyhavetheformalshirtsIboughtfo

rtheschooldance.W:Theseshirtsarefine.Weshouldgogetyouatrendierhairstyle.M:Youthinkso?Ithinkalloftheseshirtsaretoocolorfulorcasual.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查

看】WhatisChrisdoing?A.Cuttinggrass.B.Buildingafence.C.Puttinginapool.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Who’sthepersoninMr.Abar

’syard?IshehelpingMr.Abartoputinanewpool?W:Oh,that’sChrisPowell.He’shelpingtomakeatallerbarrier,sopeoplecan’tcli

mbintotheyard.ImethimwhenIwascuttingthegrass.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdoesthemanthinkhehasreached?A.Hisfinalgoal.B.Hism

aximumlimit.C.Hisgreatestmoment.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Youlookedgreatoutthere!Iknowyoudidn’treachyourgoal,butyoushouldbeproud.M:IwishIcoulddobette

r,butIhonestlythinkthisisthebestthatIwilleverdo.Itwasagoodrace,though.第二节听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中

选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Howdoesthegirlfeelaboutleavingthet

own?A.Indifferent.B.Upset.C.Eager.7.What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Brotherandsister.B.Fatheranddaughter.C.Colleagues.【答案】6

.C7.A【解析】【原文】M:Isn’tthissoexciting,Liz?Wegettomovetoanewtownnextmonth!I’msopleasedaboutthearea,too.California’sweatherissobeautiful.

W:Ijustwanttogetitoverwith.Weshouldhavejustleftthisweek.Dadisalreadyoutthereanyway.M:WehavetowaituntilMomisreadytogo.Shewantstod

othingsliketransferringherbankaccountsandsettinguphernewdriver’slicense.Besides,shestillhasworktofinish.W:Iguessso.I’mjustgladshetold

herbossearlyon.Otherwise,wemightbestuckhereevenlonger.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.WhichclassdidTomattendtoday?A.Physics.B.Geometry.

C.Chemistry.9.WhatdoweknowaboutTom?A.Heknowslittleaboutthemoon.B.Heisafirst-yearstudentinhighschool.C.Heshowslittleinteresti

ntheclass.10.Whoisthewomanintheconversation?A.Ascientist.B.Tom’steacher.C.Tom’smother.【答案】8.A9.B10.C【解析】【原文】W:Whatdidyoulearninclasstoday,Tom?M:

Welearnedabouthowthingsmoveandthevariationsthatmakethemmovedifferently.W:IthoughtyouhadgeometryonWednes

days.Thissoundscomplicatedforthefirst-yearhighschoolstudents.M:Weusuallydohavegeometry,butaspecialspeakercameintoday.Besides,itisn’tn

earlyashardasthechemistryclassonThursday.W:Sowhatdidyoulearn?M:Well,thescientistthatcameintoldusallabouthowspeedan

dweightchangethewaythatthingsinteractwithourworld.ButhewassurprisedwhenIaskedmyquestionaboutsomethingelse.W:Whatdidyouaskabout?M:Irememberedalongti

meagowhenyouandDadtoldmeaboutgravity.Weweretalkingaboutthemoonandhowpeoplecanjumpreallyhighthere.SoIaskedhimwhatthedifferenc

ewouldbebetweenoneobjecthereandonthemoon.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】11.Whyisthewomanmoretiredthannormal?A

.Sheslepttoolong.B.Sheattendedaboringmeeting.C.Shewassittingfortoolong.12.Howdoesthewomanusuallylikehercoffee?A.Cold.B.Bitter.

C.Sour.13.Wherearethespeakersgoing?A.Toaconcert.B.Toabaseballgame.C.Toamovietheater.【答案】11.C12.B13.A【解析】【原文】M:Ifyouwant,youcansl

eepforalittlewhileonthecouchbeforewego.Iknowyouhadalongdayofwork.I’llmakesureyoudon’tsleeptoolong.W:I’llpassupthesleep.Butyes,i

twasespeciallylongbecausewehadourannualmeeting.It’snotusuallyaproblem,butthisonehadussittingforalongt

ime.M:Wasitreallyboring?W:Actually,itwasprettyinteresting.M:Well,Ihavecoffeealreadymadeifyouwantsome.Itiscold,ifthat’sOK.W:Sure.

Idon’tnormallyhavecoldcoffee,though.Aslongasitdoesn’thaveanysugarormilkinit,Iwillenjoyit.M:Noproblem.Hereyougo.W:Thanks.DidJohnsaywhattimeh

isbaseballgameendedtoday?He’llneedtoshowerafterwards.Wecanprepareacupofsourcoffeeforhim.M:Hesaidinabouttwohoursfromnowhewouldbehere.Wecouldwa

tchafilmwhilewewait.W:That’sOK.I’llsavemyattentionfortheclassicalviolinistswewillsee.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】14.Whatdoesthema

nthinkhestillhasaproblemwith?A.Hisnose.B.Hishead.C.Hismouth.15.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inahospital.B.Inaschoollab.C.Ataresearchcenter.16.W

hatwillthemanworkoutduringtheexperiment?A.Hissmell.B.Histaste.C.Hismuscle.17.Whatisthemaintopicoftheconversation

?A.Takingnewmedicines.B.Usingnewtreatments.C.Findingnewsenses.【答案】14.C15.A16.A17.B【解析】【原文】W:Tellmehowyouhavebee

nfeelingsinceyouhaverecovered.M:Well,doctor,Ifeelmuchbetternow.Idon’thaveheadachesanymoreandI’mbeginningtogetmysmellback.However,Istillcan’ttastean

ything!W:Thatmaytakeawhiletogetback.ButIwilltakesomebloodworkintothelaboratoryandwecantakealook.Ifyouwouldlike,Iknowo

fatreatmentthatisbeingexperimentedwith.Theyarelookingforpeoplewithyourcondition.M:Willithelpfixmyproblem?Eatinganddrinkingar

emyfavoritethingsintheworld.W:Itmight,butyouwillneedtogosomewhereelsetodotheprogram.Wedon’thaveanythinglikethathereatthehos

pital.M:Idon’tcare.Ifitgivesmemysensesback,I’lldoit.W:Well,tasteisstronglytiedwiththesenseofsmell.Theideabehind

theexperimentistohaveyouworkingoutyournose.Youwillstartwithstrongsmellsandmovetoweakeronesinordertotrainyour

nosetoworkagain.M:Andthatwillhelpmetastethings?Wouldn’titbebettertoeatreallystrongfoodordrinks?W:No,itwouldn’t.Youneedtogainthestrengt

hbacklittlebylittle.Unfortunately,thereisnomedicinethatcancurethisissuequickly.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】18.Whathelp

edDr.Osbornmakeherdiscovery?A.Thatherphotographwasunsatisfying.B.Thatherphotographhadspecialqualities.C.Thatherphot

ographshowedthestrangeshapeofthefish.19.Howmightthediscoverybeuseful?A.Inmakingfood.B.Inmakingpaint.C.Inmakingcameras.2

0.Whatisthetalkmainlyabout?A.Aspeciallightintheocean.B.Amysteryontheblackestfish.C.Anewdiscoveryofthesuper-blackmaterials.【答案】18.A19.C20.

B【解析】【原文】Anoceanmystery—howtheblackestfishinthedeepseaaresoextremelyblack—hasbeensolvedinastudythatbeg

anwithabadphotograph.Dr.KarenOsbornsaidthatshecouldn’tgetagoodshot—justshapes.Herdetailedstudyoftheanimal’s“super-black”

skinrevealedthatittrapslight.Whileitmakesthemdifficulttophotograph,scientistssayitprovidesthebestwayofhiding.Thereis,Dr.Osbornex

plained,nowheretohidefromenemiesinthedeepocean,sothis“super-blackness”makescreaturesalmostinvisible.Thediscoverycouldres

ultinnewsuper-blackmaterials,suchascoatings(涂层)fortheinsidesoftelescopesorcameras.Severalspeciesappeartohavedevelopedthesametrick.Part

softheirskinpushawayanylighttheydon’tabsorb,Dr.Osbornsaid.Itwasherunsuccessfuleffortstotakegoodphotographsofthecreaturesthatinspiredh

ertotakeacloserlook.“EverypictureItookwasreallybad,”shesaid,“ThenInoticedtheyhadreallystrangeskin—they’resoblack,andtheysuckupallt

helight.”Thisisthebestwayofhidinginthedeepsea.Livinginthedeepseaislikeplayinghide-and-seek.Beingsoblackre

allyhelpsthesecreaturestosurvive.Hereffortstocapturebeautifullyclearimagesofthesespecies,allofwhichliveatoceandepthsofmorethan200meters,event

uallypaidoff.“Ittookalotofspeciallighting,”sheadmitted.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AGrand

CanyonParkRangerProgramsGuidedCedarRidgeHike7amDaily(MeetattheSouthKaibabTrailhead)A3-mile(4.8km)hikeonanunpavedpath.Allow4hours.Minimum2

litersofwaterperperson.Bringsaltysnacks,sunscreen,andwearhikingshoes.Notrecommendedforpeoplewithheartproblems,ordifficultywalking.Fossil

DiscoveryWalk9amDaily(MeetattheBrightAngelTrailheadsign)Walkamongseacreaturesthatlivedonthispartoftheco

ntinent270millionyearsago,beforetheageofthedinosaurs.Thiseasy1/2-mile(0.8km)one-waywalkexploresanexposedfossilb

ed.CritterChat9:30amDaily(MeetatGrandCanyonVisitorCenter)LearnaboutsomeoftheGrandCanyon’sdiversewildcreatur

eswhosurvivehereinthisplaceofextremechangesinexposureandclimate.Wheelchairaccessible.Familyfriendly.GeologyWalk3

:30pmDaily(MeetatYavapaiGeologyMuseum)LearnhowtheGrandCanyonformedwhileexploringYavapaiGeologyMuseumduringthisshortintroductoryta

lk.Whyisitsodeep,wide,andgrand?Whydoesitexistonlyhereandnowhereelseintheworld?ConsiderwalkingtheTrailofTimefollowingtheprogram.Note:Childrenmustbea

ccompaniedbyanadultinallprograms.Allprogramsarefreeofcharge.21.Whatmightyounotexperienceintheprogramsab

ove?A.Goonanexhaustinghike.B.WalktheTrailofTime.C.Lookfordinosaurfossils.D.Learnmoreaboutexistinganimals.22.Whichprogramisfri

endlytopeoplewithdifficultywalking?A.GuidedCedarRidgeHike.B.FossilDiscoveryWalk.C.CritterChat.D.Geology

Walk.23.WheredoyoumeetfortheprogramintroducingtheformationoftheGrandCanyon?A.AtYavapaiGeologyMuseum.B.AttheSouthKaibabTra

ilhead.C.AtGrandCanyonVisitorCenter.D.AttheBrightAngelTrailheadsign.【答案】21.C22.C23.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了大峡谷公园的四个游乐项目的时间、地点和内容等。【21题详解】推理判断题。根据

“GuidedCedarRidgeHike”部分第一句“A3-mile(4.8km)hikeonanunpavedpath.”(在未铺砌的小路上徒步3英里（4.8公里）)可知，在这些项目中可以体验一次筋疲力尽的远足，所以排除选项A；根据“GeologyWalk”部分最

后一句“ConsiderwalkingtheTrailofTimefollowingtheprogram.”(考虑在这个项目之后走“TrailofTime”。)可知，在这些项目中可以体验走“TrailofTime”，所以排除选项B；

根据“CritterChat”部分第一句“LearnaboutsomeoftheGrandCanyon’sdiversewildcreatureswhosurvivehereinthisplaceofextreme

changesinexposureandclimate.”(了解大峡谷中的各种各样的野生动物，他们在这个暴露和气候极端变化的地方生存。)可知，在这些项目中可以了解更多关于现存动物的信息，所以排除选项D。文中没有提到寻找恐龙化石，所以在这些项目中你不太可能体验寻找恐龙化石。故选C

。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据“CritterChat”部分倒第二句“Wheelchairaccessible.”(轮椅可以进入)可知，CritterChat项目对行走困难的人很友好。故选C。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据“GeologyWalk”部分第一句“LearnhowtheG

randCanyonformedwhileexploringYavapaiGeologyMuseumduringthisshortintroductorytalk.”(在这个简短的介绍性讲话中在探索雅瓦派地质博物馆时了解大峡谷是如何形成的。)可知，雅瓦派地质博物

馆会介绍大峡谷的形成。故选A。BWhenyoulookupandaround,youarelikelytobesurroundedbyarchitecture.Uniqueamongcreativeandartisticprofessions,archit

ecturealwaysreflectstheageandculturethatproducedit.Designingandbuildingarchitecturetakestime,moneyandcooperation.Architectsworkwith

dozenstoshapetheirbuildings,andalongthischain,adeeperandrichersetofvaluesaretransmitted—onesthatdefinee

xactlyhowculturesseetheirworldandhowpeopleseeeachother.Beyondprovidingshelter,architecturebecomesthestagese

tforourlife.It’sthereasonwefeelempoweredontheroofdeckofan80-storybuildingthatisconnectedwithabusypublicsquare.Communitiesformwithinarch

itectureandtakeontheirbuildings’characteristics.Architectureconnectstoeconomicsandthesciences,andthepeoplethatpracticeitcanbothbecarefulte

chniciansandpoetsofspaceandform.Definingarchitectureonlyintermsofotherprofessionsdoesharmtoit,andthereisalotofknowledgewithinarchit

ecturethatisseparatedfromthepracticalconcernsofbuilding.Lookingatthebuiltworldcritically,insteadofconsideringitasetofestablishedtraditions

,showsthatarchitectureisanentirelyhumancreation,whichcantakenearlyanyshapewewantitto.Patternsweseeeverywheredon’tspringfromwisdomabouthowthingss

houldlook.Theyareactuallytheresultofspecialaccumulationsofculturalvalues,thematerialsavailable,economics,geographiclocationandclim

ate.Mostofthesefactorsarechangeable,sowhilearchitecturechangesslowlycomparedtootherartisticmediums,itstilldeve

lops.Architectureisfuturism.Eachtimeitoffersacritique(评论)thatsuggestsnewwaystolive,workorplay,itbecomesafeatofworld-buildingthatmakesit

hardtodistinguishfromsciencefiction.Architectureisinterestedinthefuture,andarchitectsaretrainedtoimaginetheworldnotasitis,butasitcouldbe.24.

What’sspecialaboutarchitecture?A.Ithelpspeopleliveatease.B.It’saimedatshowingvalues.C.Itcanreflectthecultureclearly.D.Itshowsman’swisdom

directly.25.WhatcanweinferaboutarchitecturefromParagraph2?A.Itmakesusfeelpowerful.B.It’sagreatprojectfo

rhumans.C.It’sconnectedwithmanyaspectsinlife.D.Itprovidesastageforotherartforms.26.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inParagraph3referto?A.Theworld

.B.Thearchitecture.C.Thecreation.D.Thetradition.27.What’sthetextmainlyabout?A.Whyarchitectureisimportant.B.Howarchitectureaffec

tsthefuture.C.Howarchitecturereflectsman’stalent.D.Whoregardsarchitectureasaspecialartform.【答案】24.C25.C26.B27.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要是讲建筑不仅

提供庇护所，还是一门博大精深的、发展的创意和艺术专业，所以建筑非常重要。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“Uniqueamongcreativeandartisticprofessions,architecturealwaysreflectstheageandculturethatp

roducedit.”(建筑在创意和艺术专业中独树一帜，它总是反映产生它的时代和文化。)可知，建筑的特别之处是它能清晰地反映文化。故选C。【25题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段第一句“Beyondprovidingshelter,architecturebecomesthestagesetf

orourlife.”(除了提供庇护所，建筑成为我们生活的舞台。)和第二句第三句“It’sthereasonwefeelempoweredontheroofdeckofan80-storybuilding

thatisconnectedwithabusypublicsquare.Communitiesformwithinarchitectureandtakeontheirbuildings’characteristics.”(这就是为什么我们在一

座80层楼高的与一个繁忙的公共广场相连的建筑的屋顶上感到有力量。社区在建筑中形成并呈现出建筑的特点。)可知，建筑与生活的方方面面息息相关。故选C。【26题详解】词句猜测题。根据第三段第二句中的“architectureisanentir

elyhumancreation”(architectureisanentirelyhumancreation)可知，it是指建筑，此处是指建筑可以是任何我们想要它呈现的形状。故选B。【27题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段第二句“Uniqueamong

creativeandartisticprofessions,architecturealwaysreflectstheageandculturethatproducedit.”(建筑在创意和艺术专业中独树一帜，它总是反映产生它的时

代和文化。)，第二段第一句“Beyondprovidingshelter,architecturebecomesthestagesetforourlife.”(除了提供庇护所，建筑成为我们生活的舞台。)

，第三段第一句“Definingarchitectureonlyintermsofotherprofessionsdoesharmtoit,andthereisalotofknowledgewithinarchitecturethatisseparatedfromthepracticalconce

rnsofbuilding.”(仅从其他专业的角度来定义建筑学是有害的，建筑学中有许多知识与建筑的实际问题相分离。)和最后一段第一句“Architectureisfuturism.”(建筑是未来主义的。)可知，文章主

要是讲建筑不仅提供庇护所，还是一门博大精深的、发展的创意和艺术专业，所以建筑非常重要。故选A。CTheideaofbillionsofpeoplegoingthroughafewmasksaweekduringthispandemicde

finitelyringsalarmbells,butateamofresearchersinMelbournemayhavethesolution.They’vediscoveredthataddingmillion

sofdiscardedfacemaskstoroad-paving(铺路)mixtureswouldactuallylowerthecostoftheroad,whilepreventingbillionsofthemfromlandfills.Justonekilometerofro

adwouldneedthreemillionmasks,andthepolypropylene(聚丙烯)plasticusedtomakesingle-usesurgicalfacemasksalsoincreasedtheflexibilitya

nddurabilityoftheroad.Thenewmaterialisamixtureofabout2%tornmasks,withrecycledconcreteaggregate(RCA)—

amaterialobtainedfromwasteconcreteandothermineralsfromdestroyedbuildings.Thisrecycledmaterialwasfoundinth

estudytobeidealfortwoofthefourlayersgenerallyrequiredtocreateroadways.Pavingakilometeroftwo-wayroadwiththeRCAandthreemillionfacemaskswouldres

ultinachangeof93tonsofwastefromlandfills.Thefinalproductthenismoreresistanttowearthanasphalt(沥青),aswellasbeingcheapertoo,providedtherewasamet

hodforcollectingmasks.Theresearchteamdidacost-analysisandfoundthat,at$26perton,theRCAwasabouthalfthecostofminingrawmaterials,andasmuchasathirdofth

ecostofshippingtheusedmaskstoalandfill.Thewidespreadapplicationwouldbeidealforlargeinfrastructure(基础设施)projects.Forexample,Washingt

onhasthe11thworstroadsintermsofunaddressedrepairsintheU.S.IfthedamagedroadsinWashingtonstatewererepairedwiththe

RCA/maskmixture,itwouldreusenearly10billionmasks,sparingAmericanlandfillshundredsofmillionsoftonsoftrash.It’ssaidthattheteamislooki

ngforprivateindustrypartnersorgovernmentswillingtogivetheirplasticmaskroadanopportunityforalarge-scale

test.28.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“discarded”meaninparagraph2?A.Recycled.B.Produced.C.Mixed.D.Abandoned.29.Whatisthenewmaterialusedtopavewaysmadeo

f?A.2%tornmasks,concreteandtonsoftrash.B.Polypropyleneplasticandbuildingmaterials.C.Single-usesurgicalmask

sandrecycledconcreteaggregate.D.Wasteconcreteandothermineralsfromdestroyedbuildings.30.Whyarenumbersmentionedinparagr

aph5?A.Totelluswhattheteamhasfound.B.Toprovethismaterialiscost-effectiveinpavingroads.C.Toexplainrepairingroadscostsalotofmaterials

.D.Topraisethehardworktheteamhasdone.31.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A.Thematerialusedtopaveroadsismadeofmasks.B.Generallyspeaking,itrequirestwol

ayerstocreateroadways.C.Itremainstobetestedwhetherthesolutionispractical.D.ThedamagedroadsinWashingtonwererepairedwith

theRCA.【答案】28.D29.C30.B31.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了疫情大流行期间每周有大量的口罩被扔掉，墨尔本的一组研究人员计划将人们用过的废弃口罩添加到铺路的混合材料中去，不过该解决方案是否可行还有待测试。【28题详解】

词义猜测题。根据划线词所在的句子“They’vediscoveredthataddingmillionsoffacemaskstoroad-paving(铺路)mixtureswouldactuallylowerthecostoftheroad,whilepreventingbi

llionsofthemfromlandfills.”可知，他们发现，将数百万个口罩添加到铺路混合料中，实际上可以降低道路成本，同时防止数十亿个口罩被填埋。根据第一段的“Theideaofbillionsofpeoplegoingthroughafewmasksaweekduringthispan

demicdefinitelyringsalarmbells,butateamofresearchersinMelbournemayhavethesolution.”可知，疫情大流行期间每周有数十亿人戴着口罩的想法肯定会敲响警钟，但

墨尔本的一组研究人员可能有解决方案。将上下文结合起来可知，解决方案是将人们用过的废弃口罩添加到铺路的混合材料中去。由此可知，划线单词意为“被遗弃的”。故选D。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的“Justonekilometerofroadwouldneedthreemillionmas

ks,andthepolypropylene(聚丙烯)plasticusedtomakesingle-usesurgicalfacemasksalsoincreasedtheflexibilityan

ddurabilityoftheroad.”可知，仅一公里的道路就需要300万个口罩，而用于制造一次性手术口罩的聚丙烯塑料也提高了道路的柔韧性和耐用性。再根据第三段的“Thenewmaterialisamixtureofabout2%tornmasks,withrecycled

concreteaggregate(RCA)—amaterialobtainedfromwasteconcreteandothermineralsfromdestroyedbuildings.”可知，这种新材料是约2％破损口罩与再生混凝土骨料（RCA）的混合物，后

者是从废弃混凝土和被毁建筑物中的其他矿物中获得的。由此可知，铺路用的新材料是一次性使用口罩和再生混凝土骨料组成的。故选C。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段的“Forexample,Washingtonhasthe11thworstroadsint

ermsofunaddressedrepairsintheU.S.IfthedamagedroadsinWashingtonstatewererepairedwiththeRCA/maskmixture,itwouldreusenearly10bil

lionmasks,sparingAmericanlandfillshundredsofmillionsoftonsoftrash.”可知，例如，就美国未解决的维修而言，华盛顿的道路是美国第11糟糕的。如果使用再生混凝土骨料（RCA）和口罩的混合物来修复华盛顿州受损的道路，它将重复使

用近100亿个口罩，从而使美国的垃圾掩埋场减少数亿吨的垃圾填埋。由此可知，第5段中提到的数字是为证明这种材料在铺路时具有成本效益。故选B。【31题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段的“It’ssaidthattheteamislookingforprivatei

ndustrypartnersorgovernmentswillingtogivetheirplasticmaskroadanopportunityforalarge-scaletest.”可知，据说，该团队正在寻找愿意为其塑料口罩道路提供大规模测试机会的私营行业合作伙伴或政府。由此可知，该解

决方案是否可行还有待测试。故选C。DIliveinasmallstudio.Isleepinabedthatfoldsdownfromthewall.Ihavesixdressshirts.Ihave10shallowbowlsthatIuseforsaladsandmaindishes.Whe

npeoplecomeoverfordinner.Ipulloutmyextendablediningroomtable.Idon'thaveasingleCDorDVDandIhave10percentofth

ebooksIoncedid.IhavecomealongwayfromthelifeIhadinthelate’90s,when,havingmadeafortunefromanInternetstart-upsale,Ihadagianthouse

fullofstuff(物品)-electronicsandcarsandappliancesandfurniture.Somehowthisstuffendeduprunningmylife,oralotofit;thethingsIconsumedende

dupconsumingme.Mylifebecameunnecessarilycomplicated.Therewerelawns(草坪)tomow,floorstomop,acartoinsure,wash,refuel,rep

airandregisterandtechtosetupandkeepworking.WhohadIbecome?MyhouseandmythingsweremynewemployersforajobIhadneverappliedfor.

Istartedtowonderwhymytheoreticallyupgradedlifedidn'tfeelanybetterandwhyIfeltmoreanxiousthanbefore.Forme,ittook15yearstogetridofthethin

gsIhadcollectedandliveabigger,better,richerlifewithless.Ilikematerialthingsasmuchasanyone.Istudiedproductdesigninschool.Butmyexperiencesshowth

atafteracertainpoint,materialobjectshaveatendencytocrowdouttheemotionalneedstheyaremeanttosupport.Iknowthebeststuffin

lifeisn'tstuffatall,andthatrelationships,experiencesandmeaningfulworkarethemainpartsofahappylife.Mylatestprojectistodesignthoughtfullycons

tructedsmallhomesthatsupportourlives,nottheotherwayaround.Thehouse1designcontainslessstuffandmakesiteasierforo

wnerstolivewithintheirmeansandtolimittheirenvironmentalfootprint.Myspaceiswell-built,affordableandasfunctionalasliv

ingspacestwicethesize.Ifrequentlyhavedinnerpartiesfor12.IsleepbetterknowingI'mnotusingmoreresourcesthanIneed.Ihaveless-andenjoymore.M

yspaceissmall.Mylifeisbig.32.Whydoestheauthoruseabedthatfoldsdownfromthewall?A.Tosavetime.B.Tosavespac

e.C.Tomaketheroomneat.D.Tosleepcomfortably.33.Howdidtheauthorfeelabouthisthingsinthelate'90s?A.Theywerecomplicated.B.Theywereexpensiveto

run.C.Theywereagreatburden.D.Theycouldn'tmeetthedailyneeds.34.Whatdoweknowaboutthehousetheauthordesigns?A.Itisusedfordinnerparties.B.Thereisnost

uffinthehouse.C.Itislargerthanhisstudio.D.Thespaceisactuallylargerthanitis.35.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.LivingBetterwithL

essB.ConsumingLesstoSaveMoneyC.LongingfortheGoodOldDaysD.BuildingaComfortableLivingSpace【答案】32.B33.C34.D35.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。作者通过自己的亲

身经历来体现文章的主题“简单生活使生活更美好”(liveabigger,better,richerlifewithless)。【32题详解】推理判断题。根据前文作者住所很小(asmallstudio)，可推断使用折叠床是为了

节省空间。使用extendablediningroomtable（可展开的餐桌）也是如此，故选B。【33题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段WhohadIbecome?Myhouseandmythingsweremyne

wemployersforajobIhadneverappliedfor.Istartedtowonderwhymytheoreticallyupgradedlifedidn'tfeelanybetterandwhyIfeltmoreanxious

thanbefore.我变成了谁?我的房子和我的东西成了我从未申请过的工作的新雇主。我开始想，为什么理论上的升级生活并没有让我感觉更好，为什么我比以前更焦虑。由此可以推断这些东西已经成为作者的负担，故选C。

【34题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段Mylatestprojectistodesignthoughtfullyconstructedsmallhomesthatsupportourlives,nottheotherwayaround.Thehouse1desig

ncontainslessstuffandmakesiteasierforownerstolivewithintheirmeansandtolimittheirenvironmentalfootprint.Myspaceiswell-built,affordableandasfunct

ionalaslivingspacestwicethesize.我最近的项目是设计精心建造的小房子来支持我们的生活，而不是相反。1号屋的设计包含的东西更少，让业主更容易量入为出，并限制他们的环境足迹。我的空间建得

很好，负担得起，功能是居住空间的两倍大。故选D。【35题详解】主旨大意题。本文主题为“简单生活使作者的生活更美好”(liveabigger,better,richerlifewithless)，起始段、尾段以及中间各段落均围绕该主题展开叙述。故选A。【点睛】标题猜测题。主旨大意题的一种。标题应位

于文章之首，概括文章内容，点明文章主题。它可以是单词，短语，或句子。确定文章标题，第一，标题要与主题密切相关；其次，看标题是否能概括全文内容，不能只概括短文中的某些事实或细节；第三，标题范围不应太大或太小；最后，标题应新颖，概括性强并且精炼。例如小题

4，本文主题为“简单生活使作者的生活更美好”(liveabigger,better,richerlifewithless)，起始段、尾段以及中间各段落均围绕该主题展开叙述。故选A。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中

选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Takeabottleofsoda,andshakeitreallyhard.Gaswillforminside,causingabuildupofpressure.Twistthecapoff.Pressurewillbere

leasedfromthebottle,andsodawillshooteverywhere.____36____Pressurebuildsupinsideavolcanoasgasformsinmagma(岩浆)

,whichishotliquidrockbeneaththesurfaceoftheearth.Gasbubblesinthevolcanoneedtoescape.Whenavolcanoerupts,magmaispushedupthrough

theopeningwithgreatforce.Whenmagmareachestheearth’ssurface,it’scalledlava(熔岩).Somevolcaniceruptionsareexplosive.Lavashootsintothesky.Gas

andhotpiecesofrockandasharealsoreleased.Theintensityofaneruptiondependsonafewfactors.Oneisthemagma’stemperature.Anotheris

themagma’sthickness.____37____Volcaniceruptionscancauseothernaturaldisasters.Theseincludelandslides,

mudslides,earthquakesandtsunamis.Volcanoescanbedestructive.____38____TheHawaiianIslandswerecreatedbytheeruptionsoflargelow-lyingvolcanoes

whicharemadeupoflayersofhardenedlava.____39____Ashfromvolcanoesaddshelpfulmineralstosoil.Thishelpsplantsgrowstrong.Healthyplantsproduceoxygenf

orhumansandanimalstobreathe.Volcanoesalsoremoveheatfromtheearth’sinterior(内部),whichhelpskeepourplanetcool.Inrecentyears,anewbenefitofvolca

noeshassurfaced.____40____Theirmeasuresinvolveusingtheheatbeneaththeearth’ssurfacetoproduceelectricity.Volcanoesmaybeunpredictable.Howeve

r,aswelearnmoreabouthowtheywork,theywillbecomeevenmoreimportanttolifeontheearth.A.However,theycanalsocreatenewland.B.Volcanoesca

nbecomemoredangerous.C.Avolcaniceruptionworksmuchthesameway.D.Scientistsareusingvolcanoestohelppowercities.E.Theamountofgastr

appedinsideisalsoanimportantone.F.Volcanoesarethreateningthelifeofpeopleacrosstheworld.G.Volcanoeshaveplayedanimportantroleinshapingtheearth.

【答案】36.C37.E38.A39.G40.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章对火山的形成、喷发强度的决定因素、火山的危害和好处等进行了介绍。【36题详解】根据前文“Takeabottleofsoda,andshakeitreallyhard.Gasw

illforminside,causingabuildupofpressure.Twistthecapoff.Pressurewillbereleasedfromthebottle,andsodawillshooteverywhere.”(拿瓶苏打水，用力摇晃。气体会在里面形成，造成压力的积

聚。把盖子拧下来。压力会从瓶子里释放出来，苏打水会喷得到处都是。)可知，选项A中的thesameway就是指指苏打水从瓶子里喷出来的方式，根据后文“Pressurebuildsupinsideavolcanoasgasformsinmagma(岩浆),whichishotliq

uidrockbeneaththesurfaceoftheearth.Gasbubblesinthevolcanoneedtoescape.Whenavolcanoerupts,magmaispushedupthroughtheopeningwithgreatforce.”(当气体在岩浆中形成时

，压力在火山内部积聚(岩浆),它是地球表面下的热液体岩石。火山中的气泡需要逸出。当火山喷发时，岩浆会被巨大的力量推上火山口。)可知，火山爆发的方式和前文中提到的相同。所以选项C“火山爆发的作用方式大致相同。”切合文意。故选C。【37题详解】根据

前文“Theintensityofaneruptiondependsonafewfactors.Oneisthemagma’stemperature.Anotheristhemagma’sthicknes

s.”(喷发的强度取决于几个因素。一是岩浆的温度。另一个是岩浆的厚度。)可知，此处是讲决定喷发的强度的几个因素，并且前文中已经出现两个，所以选项E“被困在里面的气体量也是一个重要因素。”是讲第三个因素，切合文意。故选E。【38题详解】根据后文“TheHawaiianIslandswerecr

eatedbytheeruptionsoflargelow-lyingvolcanoeswhicharemadeupoflayersofhardenedlava.”(夏威夷群岛是由大型低洼火山喷发形成的，这些火山是由坚硬的熔岩层组成的。)可知，此处是讲火山喷发也会创造新的土地，

对应选项A中的“theycanalsocreatenewland”(它们还可以创造新的土地)，又和前文“Volcanoescanbedestructive.”(火山具有破坏性。)构成转折关系，对应选项A中的转折词however。所以选

项A切合文意。故选A。【39题详解】根据后文“Ashfromvolcanoesaddshelpfulmineralstosoil.Thishelpsplantsgrowstrong.Healthyplantsprod

uceoxygenforhumansandanimalstobreathe.Volcanoesalsoremoveheatfromtheearth’sinterior(内部),whichhelpskeepourpla

netcool.”(火山灰为土壤添加了有益的矿物质。这有助于植物茁壮成长。健康的植物产生氧气供人和动物呼吸。火山也会带走地球内部的热量,有助于保持地球凉爽。)可知，此处是讲火山对地球起到了重要作用，所以选项G“

火山在塑造地球方面起了重要作用。”切合文意。故选G。【40题详解】根据后文“Theirmeasuresinvolveusingtheheatbeneaththeearth’ssurfacetoprodu

ceelectricity.”(他们的措施包括利用地表下的热量发电。)和前文“Inrecentyears,anewbenefitofvolcanoeshassurfaced.”(近年来，火山的一个新的好处浮出水

面。)可知，此处是指利用火山发电，所以选项D“科学家们正在利用火山为城市供电。”切合文意。故选D。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Lastweek,Idr

ovetoJoe’sHardwaretogetafewitems.Uponreturningtomy___41___,Inoticedacatunderneathandbentdowntoinvestigate.Atthispoint,mywalletfell_

__42___—butIdidn’tnoticeitwas___43___untilaboutanhourlater.I___44___mysteps,askedaroundandtoremycarinsideout.Nothing.Ilo

stmywallet.Afterthisfactsankin,Iwasabouttocallthebankandhavethem___45___meanewcreditcardwhenalittlevoiceinsidemyheadsaid,“Whoa

!___46___.Someonemusthavepickeditup.An___47___citizen,justlikeyou.Whatwouldsheorhedo?”SoI___48___andIwasgoingtogiveitaday.Th

en,earlythatevening,IwassurfingtheInternetforanewwalletwhenIheardaknockonthedoor.TherewasamanwhoIdidnot___49___.Coulditbe?Afterweexchanged_

___50____,hehandedmemywallet.Hefounditintheparkinglot,thoughtofdroppingitoffatJoe’sHardwarebutdecidedtodriveoverandreturnit____51____.Hetoldmehis____

52____,butIwasovercomewithemotionandcannotbe100%sure.IthinkitwasDavid.Iofferedhimacashreward____53____herefused.Hewas

justaregularguydoingtherightthing.I’mgratefulforhavingmywallet____54____.David,thankyouforreinforcingmybeliefthattherearesomegoodand____55____people

around.41.A.bikeB.homeC.bankD.car42.A.offB.throughC.behindD.apart43.A.brokenB.emptyC.stolenD.missing44.A.recoveredB.recordedC.ret

racedD.reduced45.A.loanB.sendC.showD.pass46.A.ComeonB.CheerupC.SlowdownD.Lookout47.A.honorableB.distinguishedC.seniorD.average48.A

.thoughtbackB.lookedbackC.heldbackD.tookback49.A.doubtB.recognizeC.admireD.remember50.A.enquiriesB.questionsC.greetingsD.congratulations51.A.in

orderB.intimeC.inpersonD.inturn52.A.storyB.hobbyC.nameD.job53.A.howeverB.whileC.althoughD.but54.A.recove

redB.releasedC.requestedD.registered55.A.decentB.courageousC.cautiousD.humble【答案】41.D42.A43.D44.C45.B46.C47.D48.C49.B50.C51.C52.C53

.D54.A55.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者丢失了钱包，本来想打电话给银行让他们寄一张新的信用卡，但是他突然想到可能会有人捡到钱包并归还。所以他决定等一等。结果真的有人捡到了钱包并

还给了他，这让作者相信世上还是好人多。【41题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我回到车上时，我注意到下面有只猫，我弯下腰去查看。A.bike自行车；B.home家；C.bank银行；D.car汽车。根据上文“Lastweek,IdrovetoJoe’s

Hardwaretogetafewitems.”可知，此处是指作者回到车上。故选D项。【42题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：就在这时，我的钱包掉了下来——但直到大约一小时后我才发现它不见了。A.off落下；B.through穿过；C.behind在……的后面；D.apart分离。根

据下文“butIdidn’tnotice”可推知，作者的钱包掉了可是他没有发现。故选A项。【43题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：就在这时，我的钱包掉了下来——但直到大约一小时后我才发现它不见了。A.brok

en破碎的；B.empty空的；C.stolen被偷的；D.missing失踪的。根据下文“Nothing.Ilostmywallet.”可知，此处是指直到大约一小时后作者才发现钱包不见了。故选D项。【44题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我折回原来的路线，四处打

听，然后把车翻了个底朝天。A.recovered恢复；B.recorded记录；C.retraced折回；D.reduced减少。根据“askedaround”可知，为了找到钱包，作者折回原来的路线，四处打听。故选C项。【45题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我意识到这一点后，我正准备打电话给

银行，让他们寄给我一张新的信用卡，这时我脑海里有一个声音说：“停！慢下来。”A.loan借出；B.send送；C.show展示；D.pass通过。根据上文“callthebank”可知，此处是指作者打电话给

银行让他们寄给他一张新的信用卡。故选B项。【46题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：当我意识到这一点后，我正准备打电话给银行，让他们寄给我一张新的信用卡，这时我脑海里有一个声音说：“停！慢下来。”A.Comeon算了吧

；B.Cheerup振作起来；C.Slowdown慢下来；D.Lookout当心。根据“SoIheldbackandIwasgoingtogiveitaday.”可知，作者打算再等一天，由此可推知，此处是指作者劝自己慢下来，先不给银行打电话。故选

C项。【47题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一个普通市民，就像你一样。A.honorable荣誉的；B.distinguished杰出的；C.senior级别高的；D.average普通的。根据下文“justlikeyou

”可知，作者这里指的是一位普通市民。故选D项。【48题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：所以我犹豫了一下，打算再等一天。A.thoughtback回想起来；B.lookedback回顾；C.heldback犹豫；D.tookback拿走。根据上文“Iwasgoingtogiveitaday”可知，

作者犹豫了，准备再等等看是否有人捡到了他的钱包。故选C项。【49题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一个我不认识的人。A.doubt怀疑；B.recognize认识；C.admire钦佩；D.remember记得。根据下文“Coulditbe?”可推知，作者不确定这人是不是找自己的

，所以此处是指有一个作者不认识的人。故选B项。【50题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们互致问候后，他递给我钱包。A.enquiries调查；B.questions问题；C.greetings问候；D.congratulations贺词。通过前文的“exchanged”以及“hehandedme

mywallet”可推知，在作者拿到钱包之前，两人是没有什么可交换的，所以二人应该是互致了问候。故选C项。【51题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：他在停车场找到了它，想把它送到Joe的五金店，但他决定亲自开车过去还它。A.inorder井然有序；B.intime最终；C.inperson亲自；D.i

nturn依次。根据上文“butdecidedtodriveoverandreturnit”可推知，捡到作者钱包的人最终决定亲自开车将钱包还给作者。故选C项。【52题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他告诉了我他的名字，但我情绪激动，不能百分百

确定。A.story故事；B.hobby爱好；C.name名字；D.job工作。根据“IthinkitwasDavid.”可知，那人告诉了作者他的名字。故选C项。【53题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：我给他现金酬谢，但他拒绝了。A.however然而；B.while在……期间；C.althou

gh虽然；D.but但是。通过上文“offeredhimacashreward”以及下文“herefused”可知，上下文呈转折关系，应使用连词but。故选D项。【54题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我很感激你找回了我的钱包。A.recovered找回；B.released释放；C

.requested请求；D.registered登记。根据下文“David,thankyou”可推知，作者很感谢David找回了他的钱包。故选A项。【55题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：David，非常感谢你把我的钱包还给我，让我相信周围有一些善良正派的人。A.decent正派的；

B.courageous勇敢的；C.cautious谨慎的；D.humble谦逊的。通过上文“Afterweexchangedgreetings,hehandedmemywallet.”可知，David把钱包还给了作者，所以他是

善良正派的人。故选A项。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Sixtyyearsago,manfirstlyjourneyedintoouterspace,___56___(symbolize)thes

tartofouterspaceexplorations.___57___decadesofplanningandconstructionwentby,Chinapossessesoneoftheworld’smajo

rnavigationsatellitesystems—theBeidouNavigationSatelliteSystem.Beidouiscurrentlythecountry’slargestspace-basedsystem___58___haseverbeendevelopedinhis

tory.ItreflectsthehighprioritytheChinesegovernmentplaces___59___thespaceresearch.Theresearchanddevelopmentofadomesticall

ybuilt,space-basednavigationandpositioningsystemwereapprovedbythegovernmentinFebruary1994,Chinaaiming___60___(reduce)thecountry’sheavyde

pendenceonforeignnetworks.Morethan300,000scientists,engineersandtechniciansfromover400domesticinstitutes,universitiesandenterprises___6

1___(involve)inBeidou’sdevelopmentandconstructionduringthepastdecades.InDecember2012,Beidoubeganprovidingpositioning,navigationandme

ssagingservicesforusersinChinaandsomepartsoftheAsia.Attheendof2018,itstartedofferingglobalservices.Now,thereare3

0third-generationBeidousatellitesinspace.Comparedwithpreviousones,thethird-generationmodelsfeature___62___(surprise)accuracyandstability

.Next,China___63___(continue)improvingthesystem’scapabilitiesandservices.NotonlydoesBeidoudemonstratethedeterminationoftheChinesepeoplebutal

sopromotesprideinthis___64___(consider)achievement.Allcountrieshaveequalrighttopeacefullyexploreanddevelopouterspace.Chinamaint

ainsthatinternationalexchangesandcooperationshouldbestrengthenedonthebasisoffull___65___(equal)andmutualbenefit.【答案】56.symbolizing57.After58.that59.

on60.toreduce61.havebeeninvolved62.moresurprising63.willcontinue64.considerable65.equality【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章对世界上主要的导航卫星系统之一北斗导航卫星系统进行了介绍。【56题详解】考查现在

分词。句意：60年前，人类首次进入太空，标志着人类开始了太空探索。动词symbolize意为“象征，标志”，和谓语动词之间没有连词，和句子“manfirstlyjourneyedintoouterspace”构成主动关系，所以应用现在分词作状语。故填s

ymbolizing。【57题详解】考查连词。句意：经过几十年的规划建设，中国已经拥有了世界上主要的导航卫星系统之一——北斗导航卫星系统。此处是指在几十年的规划建设后中国拥有了世界上主要的导航卫星系统之一，所以应用连词after表示“在……之后”。故填After。【58题详解】考查关系代词。句意

：北斗是目前中国有史以来最大的天基系统。分析可知，设空处引导定语从句，从句中缺少主语，且先行词system被最高级largest修饰，所以应用关系代词that。故填that。【59题详解】考查介词和固定搭配。句意：它反映了中国政府对空间研究的高度重视。placehighpr

iorityon意为“高度重视”，为固定搭配，所以应用介词on。故填on。【60题详解】考查todo不定式和固定搭配。句意：1994年2月，中国政府批准了国内建造的天基导航和定位系统的研究和开发，旨在减少中国对外国网络的严重依赖。aimtodo意为“旨在做某事”，为固定搭配，此处用todo不定式作

宾语。故填toreduce。【61题详解】考查现在完成时的被动语态。句意：在过去的几十年里，来自国内400多所院校和企业的30多万名科学家、工程师和技术人员参与了北斗的开发建设。根据“duringthepastdecades”可知，此处应用现在完成时。动

词involve和主语构成被动关系，故用现在完成时的被动语态，beinvolvedin“参加”，固定搭配。故填havebeeninvolved。【62题详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：与以前的模型相比，第三代模型具有更令人惊讶的准确性和稳定性。修饰名词“accuracy

andstability”应用形容词作定语，此处表示“令人惊讶的”应用形容词surprising。根据“Comparedwithpreviousones”可知，此处应用比较级。故填moresurprising。【63题详解】考查一般将来

时。句意：下一步，中国将继续提高系统的能力和服务。根据Next可知，此处应用一般将来时。故填willcontinue。【64题详解】考查形容词。句意：北斗不仅展示了中国人民的决心，也让人们为这一巨大成就感到自豪。修饰

名词achievement应用形容词作定语。形容词considerable意为“相当大的”，符合句意。故填considerable。【65题详解】考查名词。句意：中国主张在充分平等互利的基础上加强国际交流与合作。在介词of

后应用名词作宾语，形容词full修饰名词作定语。名词equality意为“平等”，不可数，且符合句意。故填equality。第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）66.假定你是李华，你的英国朋友David热爱体育运动，他将作为交换生到你校学习。请你给他写封邮件，内

容包括：1.介绍学校体育课程及活动；2.推荐一项中国传统体育项目。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearDavid,______________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yo

urssincerely,LiHua【答案】DearDavid,I’mdelightedthatyouwillcometoourschoolasanexchangestudent.Sinceyouenjoysports,Iwouldliketointroducethecour

sesandaChinesetraditionalsport.Initially,therearetwoPEclasseseveryweekinwhichbasiccourses,includingplayingbasketballandrunning,arecompuls

ory.Additionally,theschoolsportsmeetingisheldannually,whichiswellreceived.Eventually,IrecommendyoutolearnTaichi,atraditionalChinesesport,for

practicingitregularlywillhelpyoustayfitphysicallyandmentally.Lookforwardtoyourarrival!Yourssincerely,LiHua【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属

于应用文，要求考生给英国朋友David写封邮件，介绍你校的体育课程及活动并推荐一项中国传统体育项目。【详解】1.词汇积累高兴的：delighted→glad传统的：traditional→conventional推荐：recommend→advise健康的：fit→healthy2.句式拓展

简单句变复合句原句：IrecommendyoutolearnTaichi,atraditionalChinesesport...拓展句：IrecommendthatyoulearnTaichi,atraditionalChinese

sport...【点睛】[高分句型1]Initially,therearetwoPEclasseseveryweekinwhichbasiccourses,includingplayingbasketballandrunning,arecompulsory.(运用了which引导的定语从句)[

高分句型2]Eventually,IrecommendyoutolearnTaichi,atraditionalChinesesport,forpracticingitregularlywillhel

pyoustayfitphysicallyandmentally.(运用了动名词作主语)第二节（满分25分）67.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。WhenIwasachild,Ilivedinaho

usewithabeautifulgardenfullofdifferentflowers,androseswerethemostbeautifulofthem.TherewasnothingIenjoyedmorethansittinginthegardenwithm

ymother,readingstoriestome.WhenIwasinprimaryschoolandoldenoughtoread,Ienjoyedreadingstoriesaloudtoher.Iwillneverforgetoneda

ywhenIhadbeenpickedtobetheprincessintheschoolplay.Forweeksmymotherhadpractisedmylinessohardwithme.ButhowevereasilyIactedathome,as

soonasIstepped,everyworddisappearedfrommyhead.Finally,myteachertookmeaside.Sheexplainedthatshehadwrittenanarrator’

s(叙述者)parttotheplay,andaskedmetochangemyrole.Herword,kindlyexpressed,stillhurt,especiallywhenIsawmypartgotoanothergirl.Idi

dn’ttellmymotherwhathadhappenedthatday.Butshesensedmypain.Insteadofsuggestingwepracticemylines,sheaskedifIwantedtotakeawa

lkinthegarden.ItwasMayandroseswereblossomingand,underthetrees,wecouldalsoseeyellowdandelions(蒲公英)inthegrass,a

sifapainterhadpaintedourgardenwithred,yellowandgreen.Iwatchedmymothercasuallybenddownbyonedandelion.“IthinkI’mgoingtodi

gupalltheseweeds,”shesaid,pullingitupbyitsroots.“Fromnowon,we’llhaveonlyrosesinthisgarden.”“ButIlikedandelio

ns,”Iprotested.“Allflowersarebeautiful—evendandelions.”Mymotherlookedatmeseriously.“Yes,everyflowerisbeautifulinitsownway,isn’tit

?”sheaskedthoughtfully.Inodded,pleasedthatIhadwonherover.“Andthatistrueofpeopletoo,”sheadded.“Noteveryonecanbeapri

ncess,butthereisnoshameinthat.”Realizingthatshehadguessedmypain,IstartedcryingasItoldherwhathadhappened.Shelistenedandsmiledreassuringly.注意：1.续写词

数应为150左右；2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。Paragraph1:“Butyoucanmakeagoodnarrator,”shesaidwithencouragementinhereyes._________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________Paragraph2:Aftersuccessfulperformanceintheplay,Itookhomethedandelioncarefully.________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_______【答案】“Butyoucanmakeagoodnarrator,”shesaidwithencouragementinhereyes.ItremindedmeofhowmuchIlovedtoreadstoriesaloudtoher.Motherenlightened

methatthenarrator’spartwasequallycrucial,whosewisewordsinspiredmewithcourageandconfidence.Butonthepointoftheperformanc

e,Isuddenlyfeltnervousbackstageagain,mypalmssweatyandkneelssoft.Justthen,myteachercameovertome,handingm

eadandelionfrommymother.Lookingatit,Iknewmymotherwasoutthereforme,whichcalmedmedown.Aftersuccessfulperformanceintheplay,Itookhom

ethedandelioncarefully.Uponarrivinghome,Imadethedandelionitintoadriedflower.WitnessingwhatIwasbusydoing,mymotherwatchedmef

ondlyanddelightedly.Withthewellpreserveddandelion,Iparticipatedinvariousschoolplays,rehearseddifferentrolesandmadespontaneousspeecheseversince

.Gradually,I’vebecomereallygoodatperformingandpublicspeaking,seldomfeelingnervousonstagenow.EverytimeIseeit,I

amremindedofthisunforgettableexperienceandtheprofoundwisdom.【解析】【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者有一次被选为校园话剧的公主角色，作者很兴奋，在妈妈的帮助下勤加练习，但是无论她在家表

演得多好，在舞台上的时候她就想不起来台词，于是老师决定把她的角色换成旁白，这让作者非常难过。作者的妈妈用玫瑰花和其它的话做例子，告诉她每朵花都有自己的美，人也一样，没有成为公主也可以有自己的精彩，她可以成为一个出色的旁白者。在妈妈的蒲公英鼓励下，作者成功完成了话剧演出，并且再也

不紧张了。【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容““但是你可以成为一个好的叙述者，”她说，眼中充满了鼓励。”可知，第一段可描写妈妈的话给了“我”勇气和信心，但是在表演时“我”又开始紧张，妈妈让老师给“我”送了一棵蒲公英，这让“我”平

静下来。②由第二段首句内容“演出成功后，我小心翼翼地把蒲公英带回家。”可知，第二段可描写“我”把这棵蒲公英保存下来，时时给“我”鼓励和自信。在之后的演出中，“我”都不再紧张了。2.续写线索：鼓舞——紧张——送蒲公英

——平静——做干花——激励——感悟3.词汇激活行为类①鼓舞：inspire/stimulate②递给：hand/pass③保存：preserve/conserve情绪类①紧张的：nervous/tense②

开心地：delightedly/happily【点睛】[高分句型1]Butonthepointoftheperformance,Isuddenlyfeltnervousbackstageagain,mypalmssweatyandkn

eelssoft.(运用了独立主格结构)[高分句型2]Justthen,myteachercameovertome,handingmeadandelionfrommymother.(运用了现在分词作状语)