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辽宁省庄河市高级中学2022-2023学年度第一学期12月月考高一英语B第一部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ATherearesometypicaloftrai

nsyou’llfindyourselftravelingoninFrance.SNCF(法国国家铁路公司)operatesamixofhigh-speedservicesonmajorroutesandslowerregionalser

vicesbetweensmallerstationsaroundFrance.Findoutmoreabouteachtraintypebelow.TGVHigh-speed:upto320km/hConnectsPariswithm

ajorcitiesinFranceDouble-deckertrainsOneofthemostpopularmodesoftransportforlong-distancetravelinFrance.Thesemoderntrainsrunonaround50hig

h-speedroutesandalwaysrequireareservationinadvance.Inter-citesStopsatcitiesnotpartoftheTGVnetworkDayandnightservicesNighttrainsbetweenParisandTo

ulouse,Rodez,BrianconandLatour-de-CarolInter-citestrainsaremainlyusedformedium-distancejourneysacrossFrance.Althoughnotasfastas

TGVtrains,theyservicealotofstationsacrossthecountrythataren’tonTGVroutes.ReservationsareusuallyrequiredonmostInter-citesservices.TERRegionaltrai

ns(oneforeachregioninFrance)Low-costStopsatsmallerstationsaroundFranceTERstandsforTransportExpressRegionala

ndthereare20differentregionalTERservicesoperatingacrossFrance.Popularwithcommuters(远距离通勤的人),you’lllikelyboardoneofthesetrainsforshorterdist

ancetraveltosmallercitiesandtownsthroughoutFrance.Youwon’tneedareservationtoboardaTERtrain.SleepertrainsOvernighttraveltosev

eraldestinationsinFranceComfortableandsecurecabinsOpportunitytosaveonaccommodationOperatedbyThello,thepopularnight

trainrouteinFrancestartsinParisandworksitswaydownintoItaly.Ifyouwanttosavemoneyonaccommodationduringyourtrip,t

akingasleepertrainletsyouwakeupfeelingrefreshedatyournextdestination.1．WhatdoTGVtrainsandInter-citestrainshaveincommon?A．Bot

hcantravelat320km/h.B．Botharedouble-deckertrains.C．Bothusuallyrequireareservation.D．BothconnectbigcitiesinEurope.2．Whatisspeciala

boutTERservice?A．Itfeaturesnightservices.B．IttravelsasfastasTGVtrains.C．Itissuitableforlong-distancetravelinFrance.D．It

offersregionalservicesatrelativelylowcosts.3．WhichbestsuitspeoplewhotraveltoItalyandwanttosavemoney?A．TGVtr

ains.B．Inter-citestrains.C．TERtrains.D．Sleepertrains.BItwasawarmAprilevening.WhenIdidsomeworkinmygarden,Isuddenlyfeltablowtother

ightsideofmyneck.Totallyconfused,Ireachedupand,tomyhorror,realizedthatIhadbeenshotwithanarrow.Iscreamedmyhusband’sname.Hedr

oppedhisworkandrantome.Edgrabbedmebytheshoulderstostopmefromrunningandtoldmetoliedownonthecouch.Thenhecalled911.Ilaythereandprayed,wonderingiftherew

asanywayIcouldlive.Thearrowhadcomefromayoungmanpracticingwithabow,usedforhunting,inhisbackyard.Luckily,hewa

susingapracticearrow,whichissmoothandrounded:abroadheadarrowwouldhaveledtoadifferentending.Asthedoct

orsenteredthehouseandsatdownbesideme,theywereperfectlycalmandtotallyfocused.Iwasrushedtothehospitalands

hortlytookaCTscantodeterminethelocationofthearrowinside.ThedoctorsbegantellingmehowluckyIwas.Thearrowhadgonepastthecarotidartery(颈动脉).T

hemorningaftermytwo-hoursurgery,thesurgeoncamein.Hecheckedthewoundandtalkedtousaboutwhathehaddone.Thenhetoldussomethingthat

rockedourworldagain.HesaidthattheCTscanhadrevealedthatIhadabraintumor(肿瘤).Iremembergoingabitfrozenbutthi

nking,Godworksinmysteriousways!Thesurgeonsaidtheywerealmostcertainthetumorwasn’tfiercebutitwaslocatedinaverydifficultplace.Iwasterrified,ofco

urse,butIfeltlikeitwasGod’splanformetofindit.Afewdayslater,Iwentinforasecondopinionfromanothersurgeon.Hesaidthatitwasadifficultsurgerybutthatith

adtobedone.Thetumorwasabouttocrossthemidlineofmybrain,whichwouldhaveresultedinamassivestroke(中风).Thebra

insurgerywassuccessful,andinlessthanaweekIwasbackhome.Allwasgoingwellfortheyearstocome.Haditnotbeenforthatarrow,Iwouldhavediedfr

omabraintumororastroke!Iwasn’tlucky,butIwasblessedindeed.4．Howdidthewomanreactdirectlysherealizedshewasshotbysomethingin

theneck?A．Shecriedoutforherhusband’shelp.B．Shetookiteasyandlaydownonthecouch.C．Shemadeaprayerthatshecouldlive.D．SheurgedEdtodial911w

ithoutdelay.5．Whatcanbelearnedfromthepassage?A．Thearrowwithanarrowheadwasshotoutwhileamanwashunting.B

．Thedoctorsfeltitluckythatthearrowhadmissedthewoman’scarotidartery.C．Thewoman’stumorwasfoundwhenshewentinforasecondCTscan.D．Thetumorinthewoman’

sheadmusthavecausedastrokeifleftuntreated.6．Whydidthewomansayshewasn’tluckybutblessedindeed?A．Becauseshewasshothurtbythearrowbutshecouldstillpu

llthrough.B．Becauseshewassavedbothfromthearrowshotandfromthetumor.C．Becauseshedidn’tmissthearrowshotbutmissedbeingkilledbythetumor.D．Becauseshecould

havepossiblybeenkilledbythearroworbythetumor.7．Whatmaybethemoralbehindthestory?A．It’sinGod’shands.B．Afallintoapit,againiny

ourwit.C．Ablessingremainsinhiding.D．Allgoodthingscometoanend.CIfyouaskpeopletonametheonepersonwhohadthegreatesteffectonth

eEnglishlanguage,youwillgetanswerslike“Shakespeare,”“SamuelJohnson,”and“Webster,”butnoneofthesemenhadanyeffectatallcompar

edtoamanwhodidn’tevenspeakEnglish-WilliamtheConqueror.Before1066,inthelandwenowcallGreatBritainlivedpeoplesbelongingtotwomajorlanguagegroups.Inthew

estcentralregionlivedtheWelsh,whospokeaCelticlanguage,andinthenorthlivedtheScots,whoselanguage,thoughnotthesameasWelsh,wasalsoCeltic.Inthe

restofthecountrylivedtheSaxons,actuallyamixtureofAnglos,Saxons,andotherGermanicandNordicpeoples,whospokewhatwenowcallAnglo-Sa

xon(orOldEnglish),aGermaniclanguage.Ifthisstateofaffairshadlasted,EnglishtodaywouldbeclosetoGerman.Butthisstateofaffairsdidnotlast

.Inl066theNormansledbyWilliamdefeatedtheSaxonsandbegantheirruleoverEngland.Foraboutacentury,Frenchbecametheofficia

llanguageofEng-landwhileOldEnglishbecamethelanguageofpeasants.Asaresult,EnglishwordsofPoliticsandthelawcomefromFrenchratherthanGerman.Insomec

ases,modernEnglishevenshowsadistinction(区别)betweenupper-classFrenchandlower-classAnglo-Saxoninitswords.Weevenhavedifferentword

sforsomefoods,meatinparticular,dependingonwhetheritisstilloutinthefieldsorathomereadytobecooked,whichshowsthefactthattheSaxon

peasantsweredoingthefarming,whiletheupper-classNormansweredoingmostoftheeating.WhenAmericansvisitEuropeforthefirsttime,theyusuallyfind

Germanymore"foreign"thanFrancebecausetheGermantheyseeonsignsandadvertisementsseemsmuchmoredifferentfromEngl

ishthanFrenchdoes.FewrealizethattheEnglishlanguageisactuallyGermanicinitsbeginningandthattheFrenchinflue

ncesarealltheresultofoneman'sambition.8．ThetwomajorlanguagesspokeninwhatisnowcalledGreatBritainbeforel066wereA．WelshandS

cottishB．NordicandGermanicC．CelticandOldEnglish.D．Anglo-SaxonandGermanic9．Whichofthefollowinggroupsofwordsare,byinference,rootedinFrench?A．presiden

t,Lawyer,beefB．president,bread,waterC．bread,field,sheepD．folk,field,cow10．WhydoesFranceappearlessforeignthanGermanytoAmericansontheirfirs

tvisittoEurope?A．MostadvertisementsinFranceappearinEnglish.B．TheyknowlittleofthehistoryoftheEnglishlanguage.C．ManyFrenchwor

dsaresimilartoEnglishones.D．TheyknowFrenchbetterthanGerman.11．Whatisthesubjectdiscussedinthetext?A．ThehistoryofGreatBritain.B．Thesim

ilaritybetweenEnglishandFrench.C．TheruleofEnglandbyWilliamtheConqueror.D．TheFrenchinfluencesontheEnglishlanguage.D

AnewstudybyresearchersatYaleandGeorgeWashingtonUniversityisexaminingthehumanthreatstotheamphibian(两栖动物)familytreeandcallsforarethinkingofconservati

onpriorities(优先)topreservespeciesdiversityand-evolutionaryheritage.Amphibiansrepresentanimportantsignofglobalchange,scientistssay,duetotheirpa

rticularlyhighsensitivitytodisturbancesintheirenvironment.Therearemorethan7000amphibianspeciesonEarth,includingfrogs.

“Amphibiansareagloballyendangeredgroupforwhichthreatsfromglobalchangeareoutpacingourabilitytosafeguardspecies,”saidWalterJetz,leadauthorofapaperpu

blishedonlineinthejournalNatureEcology&Evolution.JetzisanassociateprofessorofecologyandevolutionarybiologyatYale

.Jetzandco-correspondingauthorR.AlexanderPyronofGeorgeWashingtonconstructedthefirstcomprehensivefamilytreefornearlyallamp

hibiousspeciesalivetoday.Theresearchersusedthedatatoexaminehistoricaldiversificationpatternsofamphibiansaswellaslevelsofisolationonthef

amilytree,alsocalledevolutionarydistinctness.Amphibiansarethemostancientgroupofterrestrialvertebrates(陆生脊椎动物)survivingtoday

,withoriginsreachingbackmorethan300millionyears.Theauthorsfoundthatselectmembersofthisgroupalivetoday

carrymorethan100millionyearsofevolutionaryhistorydistincttoonlythem.Thelong,separatepathofthesespeciesmayhaveresultedintheevolutionofkeyfuncti

onsforvariedecosystems.Thankstotheearlyoriginofthegroup,suchhighlydistinctspeciesarefoundinallpartsoftheworld.Withmanys

peciesstillinsufficiently(不够地)studiedinthewildtoappreciatetheirriskofextinctionorpotentialfunctionsfortheecosystem,th

eresearcherssaid,knowingtheirevolutionarydistinctnessandplaceonthefamilytreecanprovideinvaluableinsights.Aworldwidefocusonallspeciesallo

wsustolinkthreatsandevolutionaryhistoryacrossregionsinawaythatwasnotpossiblepreviously”,Pyronsaid.Theresearchersfoundthatneithert

hetypenorintensity(强度)ofhumanthreatstoamphibianspecieswasassociatedwiththeirevolutionarydistinctness.Thisme

ansthereissignificantpotentialforconservationactiontomitigatetheeffecthumanactivitieshavetheamphibiantreeoflife,Jetzsaid.“Ourevaluation

provideskeybaselineinformationforallamphibianssurvivingtodaythatmayhelpidentificationofthreatsandprioritizationofresearchandconservation,”Je

tzadded.“Weexpectthisinformationtobewidelyhelpfulforthelargecommunityofscientistsandconservationistsinterestedinamphi

biansandtoempowernationalandlocalconservationefforts.”(Theresearchissupported,inpart,bytheNationalScienceFou

ndation.)12．WhatcanwelearnaboutamphibiansfromParagraph2?A．Theyarethreateningthesurroundingstheylivein.B．Theyareendangered

duetotheirrapidevolution.C．Theyaretransformingtheirrolesintheecosystem.D．Thestudyoftheirfamilytreewasneglected.13．Whatroledoesamphibi

ans’evolutionarydistinctnessplayintheevolutionofecosystems?A．CriticalB．MinorC．CreativeD．Ambiguous.14．Theunderlinedword“mitigate“i

nthelastparagraphmostprobablymeans.A．recognizeB．addC．lessenD．remove15．What’stheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A．Toexplainhowamphibi

ansadjusttotheenvironmentquickly.B．Toinformthepublicofthesignificanceofprotectingamphibians.C．Togainmorefinancialsupportforth

eNationalScienceFoundation.D．Tosharehisexperienceinconstructingamphibians’familytree.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳

选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。MeaningfulwaystocelebratetheNewYearIt'sbeensaidthattheNewYearsetstheintentionfortheentireyeartocome.Herearesomemeaningfulid

easforcelebratingthisNewYear.Writealettertoyourself.___16___Init,youcanlistthingslikewhatyourbiggestdreamsarerig

htnow,thethingswearemostafraidof,themostimpressiveemotionsyouexperienceonadailybasis,thethingsthatareflowinginyourlifeandthingsthatfeelst

uck,howyoufeelinyourbodyandhowyouhopeyouwillfeelasyoureadtheletterinoneyear.Releaseafloatinglantern.Inmanycultures,

it'sconsideredgoodlucktoreleasealanternintothesky.___17___Withafewsimpletoolsyoucanmakeyourownlantern,andcanevenwriteonthe

outsidesomeoftheoldpatternsyouarereadytoreleasefromyourlife.___18___Alonetimeisunbelievablyimportantforprocessing,reflectingandconnectingwithy

ourself.AndifyoucannotdecidewhatcelebrationfeelsrightforyouthisNewYear'sEve,youmaysimplyenjoyyourowncompany.Haveasolodan

ceparty,orderfavoritecarry-out,doanat-homeyogapracticeormeditation（冥想）andtakeacandlelitbubblebath.Give

yourselfthegiftofqualitytime,andfindenjoymentandeaseinthecompanyyoukeep,evenintheemptymoments.___19___Listthethingsyouaregratefulfor.

There'snotruerwaytofinddelightinthisverymomentthantocountyourblessings.Asyoulookbackonanentireyear,you'resuretodiscoveratreasureofmiraclesjust

waitingtobeilluminated（照亮）andtreasured.Sotakesometimetocomeupwithyourowngratitudelistfor2020.___20___A．Beginoneofyourgoals.B．Enjoyyourowncompany.C．F

illyourselffromtheinsideout.D．Itisasymbolofyourproblemsandworriesfloatingaway.E．Thereisjustsomuchtobethankfulfor,ifonlywehaveeyestosee.F．Justobserve

theworldaroundyou,fromthesmallestleavestothelimitlessskyabove.G．Ifyoumissthegoodolddays,itcanbewonderfult

owritealettertoyourfutureself.第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白

处的最佳选项。RebeccaGlasswasbornblind,whoisamusiciannow.ThechildhoodyearswerechallenginginRebecca’smemory,Someteacherswould___21___herandsugge

stanotherplace,astheyhadn’ttaughtchildrenwith___22___.Shedidn’tgethersheetmusictranslatedintobraille(盲文)whichwas___23___f

orherpoorfamily.Thenshehadtolearnbystudying___24___.Thatpeopleidentifiedherbyappearancewasthemostupsettingpartwhenshewasyoung,butnowi

t___25___happensonRebecca.Despitethedifficulties,Rebeccaheldon.Andnowwithadoctor’sdegreeofmusicalarts,shehas____26____

aprofessionalmusician.Herloveforperformingmusic___27___hergirlhood.WhenRebeccawasatawedding,she___28___herflowergirldut

iesandwentstraightforapianoinstead.Aphotocaughtthatmoment.Sotinyisthegirlthatshedoesn’ttouchthe___29___butshe’ssittingtallatthepian

o.“SinceRebeccafirst___30___thepiano,shehadworkedovereighthoursaday.Icouldseeshehadareal__31__formusic,”hermothersaid,“Inaddition,Inoticedher

talentsoonshelearnedmusicalinstrumentssoquickly.”Rebeccaloveschambermusicandseesherselfasa(n)___32___inthefuture,teachingchildrena

boutclassicalmusic.Influentialteachersalsoinspireherto___33___thenextgenerationofmusicians.She’stryingto___34___a

summercampprogram,too.Andtoeverychild,regardlessofphysicalability,thecampwill____35____.21．A．admitB．guideC．comfortD．reject22

．A．experiencesB．disabilitiesC．ambitionD．potential23．A．worthlessB．effortlessC．unaffordableD．unfamiliar24．A

．recordingsB．videosC．booksD．notes25．A．frequentlyB．rarelyC．totallyD．usually26．A．invitedB．followedC．madeD．taught27．A．l

ivesuptoB．putsupwithC．datesbacktoD．getsbackat28．A．demandedB．droppedC．finishedD．acted29．A．floorB．pianoC．wallD．bench30．A．carriedonB．heardofC．tookinD

．pickedup31．A．reasonB．respectC．fondnessD．concern32．A．volunteerB．educatorC．pianistD．lecturer33．A．motivateB．monitorC．meetD．ma

nage34．A．acceptB．joinC．developD．select35．A．startB．agreeC．succeedD．apply第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Thegameofbasketb

allwascreatedbyDr.Naismith,____36____CanadianwhoworkedasaphysicaleducationinstructorattheSpringfieldCollege.TheNewEngl

andwinterswereverycold,andthestudentswere____37____(willing)todooutdooractivities.Naismithdeterminedthatafast-movinggame____38__

__couldbeplayedindoorswouldfilltheemptyafternoonsafterthebaseballandfootballseasonshadended.Firsthetriedtochangeoutdoorgamessuchassoccertoindoor

play,buthesoonfoundthemunsuitableforsmall____39____(area).InDecemberof1891,Naismithhungtwooldpeachbasketsateitherendofthegymattheschool,and,usingaso

ccerballandnineplayersoneachside,____40____(organize)thefirstbasketballgame.Theearlyrulesallowedthreepointsfo

reachbasketandbanned____41____(run)withtheball.Fiveyearslater,achampionshipwas____42____(success)heldinNewYo

rkCity.____43____thattime,theteamhadbeenreducedtosevenplayers,andfivebecamestandardinthe1897season.____44____basketbal

lfirstappearedinthe1904OlympicGames,itquicklyspreadthroughouttheworld.In1906,ametalringwasused____45____(replace)thebasket

forthefirsttime,butthenamebasketballhasremained.第三部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）为了提高学生的身体素质，你校准备于1月25日组织一次“冬季越野赛”(awintercross-countryrace)。请你写一封英

语倡议书，号召全体同学积极参加活动。要点如下：1.活动的目的；2.体育运动的好处；3.提醒冬季运动的安全。注意：1.词数100左右(开头、结尾已经给出，不计入总词数)。2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。Dearschoolmates,MayIhaveyou

rattention,please?_______________________________________________________________________________________________

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________________________________________________________________Students’UnionJanuary15,2021第二节（满分25分）读后续写阅读下面材料,根据其内

容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。Itwasmytwelfthbirthday,andwhatIreallywantedwasanewbicycle.ButIknewmyfamilycouldn’taffordone.Anewbikewasju

stadream,soIwantedanightstand(床头柜).IfiguredthatatleastIwouldhaveasafeplacetokeepmyprivatethings.SoIaskedmy

parentsforanightstandwithlockabledrawers(抽屉).Wewenttothesecondhandfurniturestoreandfoundanold,darkbrownnights

tand.Itdidn’tlooktoocool,butatleastithaddrawersthatIcouldkeeplocked.IdecidedthatIwouldpaintittomakeitlookbetter.Afterwetookithome

,Iwasgettingreadytopaintit.WhenIpulledthedrawersout,Ifeltsomethingstuck(卡住)atthebackofthebottomdrawer.Ireachedina

llthewaytothebackandwassurprisedtofindabag.Whenopeningthebag,Irealizedthatthereweresomepapersinitwhichweresomekindofofficial-l

ookingdocuments(文件).Andbeneathwereabunchofdollarbills!Talkaboutfindingatreasure!Andonmybirthday!Iwentahea

dandreadthepapers,whichturnedouttobeawill(遗嘱).Someoldladywasleavinghersavingstohersonandgrandchildren.Theoldladym

usthavediedandnobodyknewthemoney.Herfamilydonatedthenightstandtothesecondhandfurniturestoreanditwasnowinmyhands.Icounted

themoney,over1,000dollarsintotal.Iwasgoingcrazy.WiththismoneyIcouldbuythecoolestbicycle.Icouldevenbuybicyclesformyyoungerbrot

hers.MaybeIcouldalsogetmyparentsacar.Whatadilemma!Icouldkeepitandgetallkindsofthingsformyselfandmyfamily.OrIcouldgiveitallback.“Somebodyhelp

smewiththis!”Ibegged.ButIreallydidn’tneedanyoneelsetogivemetheanswer.Ialreadyknewrightfromwrong.Idecidednottof

ailthistest.Itwasatestofhonor-myhonor.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。IcalledmyfamilyintomybedroomandshowedthemwhatIhadfound.______________

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______________________________________________________________________________Severaldayslater,theoldlady’ssonandhiswifecametomyhouse.____

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______________________________________________________________________________________________________参考答案1．C2．D3．D本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了法国国家铁路公司旗下的一些列车类

型的相关信息。1．细节理解题。根据文章“TGV”部分中的“Thesemoderntrainsrunonaround50high-speedroutesandalwaysrequireareservationinadvance.(这些现代化的列车在大约50条高速线路上运行

，总是需要提前预订。)”以及“Inter-cites”部分中的“ReservationsareusuallyrequiredonmostInter-citesservices.(大多数城际列车服务通常

需要预订)”可推知，TGV高铁和城际列车的共同点是两者通常都需要预订。故选C。2．细节理解题。根据文章“TER”部分中的“Low-cost(低成本)”以及“TERstandsforTransportExpressR

egionalandthereare20differentregionalTERservicesoperatingacrossFrance.(TER是区域运输快件的缩写，在法国有20种不同的区域运输快件服务。)”可知，TER服务的特别之处在于它以相对较低的成

本提供区域服务。故选D。3．推理判断题。根据“Sleepertrains”部分中的“OperatedbyThello,thepopularnighttrainrouteinFrancestartsinParisandwor

ksitswaydownintoItaly.Ifyouwanttosavemoneyonaccommodationduringyourtrip,takingasleepertrainletsyouwakeupfeelingrefreshedatyournextde

stination.(由泰洛运营，这条在法国颇受欢迎的夜间列车线路从巴黎出发，进入意大利。如果你想在旅途中节省住宿，那就坐一辆sleepertrain，让你在下一个目的地醒来时感觉精神焕发。)”可推知，Sleepertrains适合想去意大利，又想要省钱的人。故选D。4．A5．B6．C

7．C本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲了作者被一支箭偶然射伤，进医院后意外发现脑部有一个肿瘤，但并不严重，脑部手术很成功最终因祸得福的故事。4．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Iscreamedmyhusband’sname.Hedropp

edhisworkandrantome.(我尖叫着丈夫的名字。他放下手中的工作，向我跑过来。)”可知当这位女士发现自己被箭射中时，就立刻大声向自己的丈夫求助。故选A。5．细节理解题。根据第三段“Thedoctorsbegantellin

gmehowluckyIwas.Thearrowhadgonepastthecarotidartery(颈动脉).(医生开始告诉我我是多么幸运。箭经过了颈动脉)”可知，医生觉得很幸运是因为箭从颈动脉旁边经过并没有刺穿颈动脉。故选B。6．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Haditnotbeenf

orthatarrow,Iwouldhavediedfromabraintumororastroke!(如果没有那支箭，我可能会死于脑瘤或中风!)”可知虽然作者被箭射中是不幸的，但因此发现脑肿瘤，避免死于脑瘤或中风的危险。所以作者觉得自己是不幸中的万幸。故选C。7．推理判断题。通读全文，可知本文

主要讲了作者被一支箭偶然射伤，进医院后意外发现脑部有一个肿瘤，但并不严重，脑部手术很成功最终因祸得福的故事。由此推知，选项C.Ablessingremainsinhiding.(祝福在隐藏当中)与本文所传达的“因祸得福”的意思最

为接近。故选C。8．C9．A10．C11．D本文是一篇议论文。如果让你列举那些对应于做出最大贡献的人，你一定会得到类似莎士比亚，塞缪尔约翰逊这样的答案，但实际上，没有任何人的对英语的影响力能够超过征服者威廉。在1066年以前，我们现在称

为英国的土地上存在两种主要语言，一种是凯尔特语，另一种是古英语。而后来由于威廉的雄心，使得古英语成为英国的主要语言，而法语也成为对英语影响颇深的语言。8．细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“Inthewest-ce

ntralregionlivedtheWelsh,whospokeaCelticlanguage,andinthenorthlivedtheScots,whoselanguage,thoughnotthesameasWelsh,wasalsoCeltic.”在中西地区住着威尔士人，他们说

凯尔特语，在南部居住着苏格兰人，他们的语言不同于威尔士人的语言，但也是凯尔特语。由此可知一大主要语言为凯尔特语。根据第二段第三句“IntherestofthecountrylivedtheSaxons,actuallyamixture

ofAnglos,Saxons,andotherGermanicandNordicpeoples,whospokewhatwenowcallAnglo-Saxon(orOldEnglish),aGermaniclanguage.”在国家的

其余地方居住着撒克逊人，他们是英国人、撒克逊人、德国人、日耳曼人的混合，他们讲的语言是英格兰语（即古英语）。可知另一大分支为古英语。故选C。9．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Asaresult,Englishwor

dsofpoliticsandthelawcomefromFrenchratherthanGerman.”结果导致，英语中关于政治和法律的词来源于法语而不是德语。“Weevenhavedifferentwords

forsomefoods,meatinparticular,dependingonwhetheritisstilloutinthefieldsorathomereadytobecooked,whichshowsthefacttha

ttheSaxonpeasantsweredoingthefarming,whiletheupper-classNormansweredoingmostoftheeating.”我们甚至在食物尤其是肉食上有不同的词，这取决于它是长在田野里，还是在家煮着吃，事实证明，撒克逊农民在耕作而上层社

会的诺曼人在大部分食物上贡献更多。由此可见，有关政治、法律以及家中煮着的食物最可能来源于法国，故选A。10．细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“WhenAmericansvisitEuropeforthefirsttime,theyusuallyfindGer

manymore"foreign"thanFrancebecausetheGermantheyseeonsignsandadvertisementsseemsmuchmoredifferentfromEngli

shthanFrenchdoes”当美国人到欧洲旅游时，他们经常发现德语比法语更像外国语，以为在德国，他们看见的标签和广告语看起来比法语更与英语不同。所以可知，许多法语词汇和英语很像。故选C。11．主旨大意题。文章开篇即抛出问题：谁对英语的影响最大，接着给出答案：征

服者威廉。可见文章即将讨论的问题就是他对英语的影响。接下来，作者介绍了1066年以前的英国语言由两大派系组成，而之后由于威廉的雄心，才使得古英语成为英国的主要语言，而法语也成为对英语影响颇深的语言。故选D。12．D13．A14．C15．B这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明

了耶鲁大学和乔治华盛顿大学的研究人员进行了一项新的研究，研究人类对两栖动物家族树的威胁，并呼吁重新考虑保护优先次序，以保护物种多样性和进化遗产。文章介绍了两栖动物的重要性，以及人类活动对两栖动物产生的影响，呼吁人们保护两栖动物。12．推理判断题。根据第二段中

“Jetzandco-correspondingauthorR.AlexanderPyronofGeorgeWashingtonconstructedthefirstcomprehensivefamil

ytreefornearlyallamphibiousspeciesalivetoday.”可知Jetz和乔治·华盛顿的共同通讯作者R.AlexanderPyron为几乎所有现存的两栖物种构建了第一个完整的

族谱。由此可推知，对两栖动物族谱的研究过去被忽视了。故选D。13．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Withmanyspeciesstillinsufficiently(不够地)studiedinthewildtoappreciatetheirriskofextinctionorpotentialf

unctionsfortheecosystem,theresearcherssaid,knowingtheirevolutionarydistinctnessandplaceonthefamilytreecanprovide

invaluableinsights.”可知研究人员说，由于许多物种在野外仍未得到充分研究，无法了解它们的灭绝风险或对生态系统的潜在功能，了解它们在进化上的特殊性和在系谱上的位置可以提供宝贵的见解。由此可知，两栖动物进化的特殊性在生态系统的进化中扮演关键角色。故选A。

14．词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“theeffecthumanactivitieshavetheamphibiantreeoflife”以及“Weexpectthisinformationtobewid

elyhelpfulforthelargecommunityofscientistsandconservationistsinterestedinamphibiansandtoempowernationalandlocalconservationefforts.(我

们希望这些信息能对广大对两栖动物感兴趣的科学家和自然资源保护论者起到广泛的帮助作用，并为国家和地方的保护工作提供帮助)”可知划线词所在句意思为：这意味着，采取保护行动以减轻人类活动对两栖动物生命树的影响，是很有可能的。即划线词意思为“减少”。A.recognize识别；B.add添加

；C.lessen减少；D.remove去除。故选C。15．推理判断题。根据第一段“AnewstudybyresearchersatYaleandGeorgeWashingtonUniversityisexaminingthehumant

hreatstotheamphibian(两栖动物)familytreeandcallsforarethinkingofconservationpriorities(优先)topreservespeciesdiversityand-evolutionaryheritage.”可知耶鲁

大学和乔治华盛顿大学的研究人员进行了一项新的研究，研究人类对两栖动物家族树的威胁，并呼吁重新考虑保护优先次序，以保护物种多样性和进化遗产。结合文章还介绍了两栖动物的重要性，以及人类活动对两栖动物产生的影响，呼吁人们保护两栖动物。由此可推知，作者写这篇文章的目

的是告诉人们保护两栖动物的重要性。故选B。16．G17．D18．B19．C20．E本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些庆祝新年的有意义的方式。16．根据本段主题句“Writealettertoyourself.(给自己写封信。)”和本段内容可知，本段主要介

绍给未来的自己写信。所以选择项G“Ifyoumissthegoodolddays,itcanbewonderfultowritealettertoyourfutureself.(如果你怀念过去的美好时光，给未来的自己写封信是一件很棒的事情。)”符合上下文语境。选择项中的“writealette

rtoyourfutureself”与主题句“Writealettertoyourself.”相一致。故选G。17．根据本段主题句“Releaseafloatinglantern.(放一个浮灯。)”和前句“Inmanycultures,it'sconside

redgoodlucktoreleasealanternintothesky.(在许多文化中，向天空放飞灯笼被认为是好运。)”可知，放飞灯笼象征着有好运。所以选择项D“Itisasymbolofyourproblemsandworriesfloatingaway.

(它象征着你的问题和烦恼都烟消云散了。)”符合上下文语境。选择项中的it代指主题句中的“afloatinglantern”。故选D。18．考查本段主题句。根据后句“Alonetimeisunbelievablyimportantforprocessing,reflectingan

dconnectingwithyourself.(独处的时间对于处理、反思和与自己联系是极其重要的。)”及本段内容可知，本段主要介绍如何享受独自一人的时光。所以选择项B“Enjoyyourowncompany.(享受独处的时光。)”符合上下文语境。故选B。1

9．根据前文“Haveasolodanceparty,orderfavoritecarry-out,doanat-homeyogapracticeormeditation（冥想）andtakeacandlelitbubblebath.Givey

ourselfthegiftofqualitytime,andfindenjoymentandeaseinthecompanyyoukeep,evenintheemptymoments.(开个单人舞会，点一份自己喜欢的外卖，在家做瑜伽或冥想，或者来个烛光泡

泡浴。给自己一份优质时光的礼物，在你的陪伴中找到快乐和安逸，即使是在空虚的时刻。)”可知，这里介绍独自一人的时候如何由内而外的填充自己。所以选择项C“Fillyourselffromtheinsideout.(由内而外填满你自己。)”符合

上下文语境。故选C。20．根据本段主题句“Listthethingsyouaregratefulfor.(列出你感激的事情。)”和前文句“Asyoulookbackonanentireyear,you'resuretodiscoveratr

easureofmiraclesjustwaitingtobeilluminated（照亮）andtreasured.Sotakesometimetocomeupwithyourowngratitudelistfor2020.(当你回顾这一整年，你一定会发现

一个奇迹的宝藏，正等着被照亮和珍惜。所以，花点时间来制定你自己的2020年感恩清单吧。)”可知，能够列出感激的事情有很多。所以选择项E“Thereisjustsomuchtobethankfulfor,if

onlywehaveeyestosee.(只要我们有眼睛能看见，就会有太多值得感谢的事。)”符合上下文语境。选择项中的“bethankfulfor”与主题句中的“aregratefulfor”相一致。故选E。21．D

22．B23．C24．A25．B26．C27．C28．B29．A30．D31．C32．B33．A34．C35．D本文是一篇记叙文。丽贝卡·格拉斯虽然生来就是个盲人，但是现在是个音乐家。文章叙述了丽贝卡的童年岁月，以

及她在音乐方面的天赋。21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：有些老师会拒绝她，建议她换个地方学习。A.admit承认；B.guide指导；C.comfort安慰；D.reject拒绝。根据下文“astheyhadn’ttaughtchildrenw

ith2”因为一些老师不愿意教残疾的孩子，所以他们会拒绝她。故选D。22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为他们没有教过残疾儿童。A.experiences经验，经历；B.disabilities残疾；C.ambtion雄心，志向；D.potential潜力。根据上文“

RebeccaGlasswasbornblind”可知，RebeccaGlass是残疾的孩子。故选B。23．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她没有把她的乐谱翻译成盲文，这对她贫穷的家庭来说是负担不起的。A.worthles

s无价值的；B.effortless不费力的；C.unaffordable负担不起的；D.unfamiliar不熟悉的。根据后文中的“herpoorfamily”可知，她的家很穷，所以负担不起。故选C。24．考查名词词义辨析。句意

：那时她必须通过录音来学习。A.recordings录音；B.videos录像；C.books书；D.notes笔记本。根据前文“Shedidn’tgethersheetmusictranslatedintobraille”可知，对于一个盲人来说，没有盲文，只能通过录音来学习。故选A。2

5．考查副词词义辨析。句意：但现在它在丽贝卡身上很少发生了。A.frequently频繁地；B.rarely罕见地；C.totlly完全地；D.usually通常。根据“Thatpeopleidentifiedherbyappearancewasthem

ostupsettingpartwhenshewasyoung,butnow”可知，这里应该是转折，说明人们凭外表识别出她有残疾这种情况很少发生了。故选B。26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在她获得了音乐

艺术博士学位，成为了一名专业的音乐家。A.invited邀请；B.followed跟随；C.made使……成为；D.taught教。根据“RebecaGlasswasbormblind,whoisamusiciannow.”可知，她现在已经成为一名音乐家了。故选C。27．考查动词

短语辨析。句意；她对音乐表演的热爱可以追溯到她少女时代。A.livesupto不辜负；B.putsupwith忍受；C.datesbackto追溯到；D.getsbackat报复。根据下文“Sotinyisthegirlth

atherfeetdon’ttouchthe9,butshe’ssittingtallatthepiano.”可知，她当时很小，应该是少女时代。故选C。28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：丽贝卡参加婚礼时，她放弃了花童的职责，直接向一架钢琴走去。A.demanded要求，需求；B.dropped落下，

放弃；C.finished完成；D.acted行为，行动。根据下文“wentstraightforapianoinstead.”可知，她放弃了花童的职责。故选B。29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个女孩太小了，她的脚

都没碰到地板。A.floor地板；B.piano钢琴；C.wall墙；D.bench长凳。根据“Sotinyisthegirl”可知，她是太小了，以致坐在凳子上，脚都碰不到地板。故选A。30．考查动词短语辨析

。句意：自从丽贝卡第一次学钢琴以来，她每天学习和练习钢琴超过八个小时。A.carriedon继续进行；B.heardof听说；C.tookin吸收，领会；D.pickedup学会，掌握。根据下文“shehadworkedovereighthoursaday.”可知，此时她是在学习钢琴。故选D。31

．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我看得出她对音乐师真正喜欢，”她母亲说。A.reason原因；B.respect尊敬；C.fondness喜爱；D.concem关心。根据上文“SinceRebeccafirst10thepiano,s

hehadworkedovereighthoursaday.”可知，她一天学习和练习8个多小时，说明她真正喜欢音乐。故选C。32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：丽贝卡热爱室内乐，并视自己为未来的教育者，教孩子们古典音乐。A.volun

teer志愿者；B.educator教育工作者；C.pianist钢琴家；D.lecturer讲演者。根据下文“teachingchildrenaboutclassicalmusic.”可知，她应该是把自己看作教育工作者。故选

B。33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：有影响力的老师也鼓舞她去激励下一代的音乐家。A.motivate激励，鼓舞；B.monitor监控；C.meet遇见；D.manage能解决(问题)，应付。根据“Rebecaloveschambermusi

candseesherselfasa(an)12inthefutre,teachingchildrenaboutclassicalmusic.”可知，她可以去激励下一代的音乐家。故选A。34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她也在努力开发一

个夏令营计划。A.accept接受；B.join加入；C.develop发展，开发；D.select选择。根据“asummercampprogram”可知，计划只能是发展和开发的。故选C。35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：对每一个孩子来说，不管他们的身体条件如何，夏令营都是适

用的。A.start开始；B.agree同意；C.succeed成功；D.apply申请，适用。根据上文“Andtoeverychild,regardlssofphysicalability”可知，无论孩子的身体条件如何，夏令营都适用。故选D。36．a37．unwilling38．whic

h##that39．areas40．organized41．running42．successfully43．By44．When##After45．toreplace本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是加拿大人奈史密斯博士发明篮球运动的故事。36．考查冠词。句意：篮球运动是由加拿大人奈史密斯博士发明的，

他曾在斯普林菲尔德学院担任体育教练。Canadian是加拿大人，是可数名词，且表示泛指，因此前面需加不定冠词，Canadian是辅音音素开头，因此不定冠词用a，故填a。37．考查形容词。句意：新英格兰的冬天非常寒冷，学生们不愿意做户外活动。由“TheNewEnglandwin

terswereverycold”可知，新英格兰的冬天非常寒冷，学生们不愿意做户外活动，因此空格处是“不愿意的”，即unwilling，故填unwilling。38．考查定语从句的引导词。句意：奈史密斯认为，棒球和足球赛季结束后，一场可以在室内进行的快节奏比赛可以填补下午的空余时间。分析

可知，空格处引导定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词game是物，因此空格处用关系代词which/that。故填which/that。39．考查名词的复数。句意：起初，他试图将足球等户外运动改为室内运动，但很快发现这些运动不适合小范围运动。area意

为“区域”，是可数名词，前面无冠词，因此空格处用复数，故填areas。40．考查一般过去时。句意：1891年12月，奈史密斯在学校体育馆的两端挂了两个旧的桃子篮，用一个足球，两边各有9名队员，组织了第一场篮球比赛。分析可

知，空格处和hung时态并列，hung是过去式，因此空格处用过去式organized，故填organized。41．考查动名词和固定短语。句意：早期的规则是每个篮筐得三分，禁止带球跑动。bandoingsth.是固定短语，意为“禁止做某事”，因此空格处用动名

词作宾语，故填running。42．考查副词。句意：五年后，在纽约成功地举办了一次锦标赛。空格处用副词修饰动词held，success的副词是successfully，意为“成功地”，故填successfully。43．考查

介词。句意：到那时前，球队已经缩减到7名球员，在1897年赛季，5名球员成为标准。hadbeenreduced是过去完成时的被动语态，因此句子表示“到那时，球队已经缩减到7名球员”，“到某时前”用“介词by+某个具体时间”，因此空格处是介词by，位于句首，首字母大写，故填By。44．考查连词。

句意：当篮球首次出现在1904年奥运会上后，它迅速传遍了全世界。根据语境可知，句子表示“当篮球首次出现在1904年奥运会上后，它迅速传遍了全世界”，因此空格处可以是“当......的时候”或“在......之后”，即when/af

ter，位于句首，首字母大写，故填When/After。45．考查不定式和固定短语。句意：1906年，一个金属环第一次被用来代替篮筐，但篮球这个名字一直保留下来。由“ametalringwasused”和(replace)thebaske

t可知，句子表示“一个金属环第一次被用来代替篮筐”，句中用固定短语sth.beusedtodosth.，意为“某物被用来做某事”，因此空格处用不定式表目的，故填toreplace。46．Dearschoolmates,MayIhaveyourattention

,please?Ihavegoodnewstotellyou.Inordertoimprovestudents’physicalcondition,awintercross-countryracewillbeorganizedinourschoolonJanuary25.Everyonei

swelcometotakepartandwehopeyoucanenjoyit.Justastheslogansays,“Exerciseonehouradaykeepsillnessaway.”Thereisn

odoubtthatsportisgoodforourhealth.Apersonwhotakesexerciseregularlywillkeepfit.What’smore,exercisecanmakeyouwe

ll-behavedandconfident.Ifyouusuallytakeexercisewithyourfriends,youwillbeclosetothem.Afterall,sportscanmakeyourlifemorecolorful.Ifyou’dli

ketopracticefortherace,makesurethatyoukeepwarmandavoidcatchingacold.Besides,ifyoudosomewarming-upexercis

es,youmightnotgetinjured.Students’UnionJanuary15,2021本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一封英语倡议书，号召全体同学积极参加学校准备于1月25日组织

的“冬季越野赛”(awintercross-countryrace)的活动。【详解】第一步：审题体裁：应用文时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时和一般将来时。结构：总分法总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种

方式安排所写内容。要求：1.活动的目的；2.体育运动的好处；3.提醒冬季运动的安全。第二步:列提纲Inordertoimprovestudents’physicalcondition;Everyoneiswelcometotakepart;Thereisnodoubtthat;bego

odforourhealth;well-behavedandconfident;makeyourlifemorecolorful;warming-upexercises第三步：连词成句1.Inordertoimprovestudents’physicalconditi

on,awintercross-countryracewillbeorganizedinourschoolonJanuary25.2.Everyoneiswelcometotakepartandwehope

youcanenjoyit.3.Thereisnodoubtthatsportisgoodforourhealth.4.What’smore,exercisecanmakeyouwell-behavedandconfident.5.Ifyouusuallytakeexercisewit

hyourfriends,youwillbeclosetothem.Afterall,sportscanmakeyourlifemorecolorful.6.Ifyou’dliketopracticefortherace,makesurethatyoukeepwarmandavoidca

tchingacold.根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）（供参考）1.表文章结构顺序：Firstofall,Firstly/First,Secondly/Second…Andthen,F

inally,Intheend,Atlast2.表并列补充关系：Whatismore,Besides,Moreover,Furthermore,InadditionAswellas,notonly…but(also),including,3.表转折对比关系：However,Onthecontr

ary,but,Although+clause(从句),Inspiteof+n/doing,Ontheonehand…,Ontheotherhand…Some…,whileothers…,asfor,so…that…4.表

因果关系：Because,As,So,Thus,Therefore,Asaresult连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，47．IcalledmyfamilyintomybedroomandshowedthemwhatIhadfound.Eyes

caughtbytheincrediblebunchofdollarbillsatonce,theyheldtheirbreathuncontrollably,frozenwithshock.ItoldthemIwan

tedtogivethemallback,andundoubtedly,Igottheirsupport.Sowetunedtothesecondhandfurniturestoreownerforhelp.Lookingthrough

thedonationrecords,theownerfoundtheson’stelephonenumber.Wegotintouchwithhimrightaway,toldhimaboutthewillan

dthemoneyandmadeanappointmentwithhim.Severaldayslater,theoldlady’ssonandhiswifecametomyhouse.Tearswelledupintheman’

seyeswhenhesawthemoneyandthepapers,whichapparentlybroughtbackhismemoriesabouthisdeadmother.Thenthecoupleexpressedtheir

sinceregratitudetous.Theysaidtheywereinbigfinancialtroublenowandmyactofhonestywasatimelyhelp,notonlygivingthemhopebutalsostrengtheningtheirfaith.Ihad

neverfeltbetter.NonewbicyclecouldmakemefeelasgoodaboutmyselfasIfeltthatday.Ipassedanextremelyimportanttestofmyhonor.本文以人

物为线索展开，进述了作者家里没钱给作者买自行车，所以作者要求买个床头柜，存放他自己的私人物品。于是他们就去二手家具店买了个二手床头柜，作者在给它刷油漆的时候发现了一个包，里面有一千多美元的现金和一封老太太的遗嘱，作者陷入了进退两难的困境，是留下它还是还给老太太的家人呢？作者认为这是

一次荣誉的测试，作者不想这次测试失败。【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“我把家人叫到我的卧室，并让他们看我发现的东西。”可知，第一段可描写作者的家人在看到那些东西并得知作者的决定之后的反应。②由第二段首句内容“第二天，老太太的儿子和他的妻子来到我家。”可知，第二段可描写老人的家人在

找回钱和母亲的遗嘱之后的反应和作者的感想。2.续写线索：家人吃惊——打算返还——家人支持——寻找老太太的家人——归还钱和遗嘱——老太太家人的感谢——作者的感想3.词汇激活行为类①得到某人的支持：getone’ssuppor

t/besupportedby②和某人取得联系：getintouchwithsb./contactsb.③和某人约定：makeanappointmentwithsb./makeadatewithsb.情绪类①震惊：frozen

withshock/betotallyshocked②感谢：gratitude/thankfulness