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高二·英语满分：120分时间：100分钟一．阅读理解AAshopkeepersenthissontolearnaboutthesecretofhappinessfromthewisestmanintheworld.Theboywalkedalongway,andfinallyca

meuponthebeautifulcastlewherethewisemanlived.Onenteringthemainroomofthecastle,theboywasquitesurprised:trade

smencomingandgoing,peoplechattinginthecorners,andasmallorchestraplayingsoftmusic.Thewisemantalkedwitheveryone,andtheboyhadtowaitfo

rtwohoursbeforeitwashisturn.Thewisemanlistenedcarefullytotheboy’sexplanationofwhyhehadcome,buttoldhimthathedidn’thavetimejustthentoexplainthes

ecretofhappiness.Hesuggestedthattheboylookaroundthepalaceandreturnintwohours.“Meanwhile,Iwanttoaskyoutodosomething,”saidthewisema

n,handingtheboyateaspoonthatheldtwodropsofoil.“Asyouwanderaround,carrythisspoonwithyouwithoutallowingtheoiltospill.”Theboybegantowalkupanddownstairso

fthepalace,keepinghiseyesfixedonthespoon.Aftertwohours,hereturnedtothewiseman.“Well,”askedthewiseman,“DidyouseethePersian

tapestries（挂毯）inthehall?Didyouseethegardenthattookthemastergardenertenyearstocreate?”Theboywasembarrassed,andrepliedthathehadobservednothing.H

isonlyconcernhadbeennottospilltheoil.“Thengobackandobservethewondersofmyworld,”saidthewiseman.Theboypickedupthespoonandreturnedt

ohisexplorationofthepalace.Thistimeheobservedalloftheworksofartontheceilingsandthewalls.Whenhereturned,hedescribedindetaileverythinghehadseen.“Butwh

erearethedropsofoil?”askedthewiseman.Lookingdownatthespoonheheld,theboysawthattheoilwasgone.“Well,thereisonlyonepiec

eofadviceIcangiveyou,”saidthewiseman.“Thesecretofhappinessistoseeallthewondersoftheworld,andnevertoforgetthe

dropsofoilonthespoon.”1.Whentheboyarrivedatthecastle,he.A.receivedawarmwelcomefromthewisemanB.hadalreadymissedhischancetotalk

tothewisemanC.didn’texpecttoseesomanypeoplearoundD.wasshownaroundthepalacebythelocalpeople2.Thewisemangavet

heboytwotasksinorderto.A.teachhimthesecretofhappinessB.showhimhowtoobservethewondersintheworldC.makehimlearnfromhismistakesD.lettheboyenjoyhispa

laceandgarden3.Wecaninferfromthearticlethat“thedropsofoilonthespoon”probablyreferto______A.thebeautyofnatureB.thef

ortuneapersonownsC.theresponsibilitiesofapersonD.thegreatopportunitiesinlife4.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEa

ccordingtothearticle?A.ThewisemanwassatisfiedwiththewaytheboyperformedthesecondtaskB.Ittookthewiseman

about10yearstofinishhisgarden.C.Thewisemanwasn’tpayingmuchattentiontotheboyatfirst.D.Theboytooknonoticeofthesurroundingsduringhis

firsttask.【答案】1.C2.A3.C4.D【解析】本文是记叙文。文章讲述一个店主派儿子去从世界上最聪明的人那里了解快乐的秘密，而智者没有直接告诉他答案，而是让男孩做了两个任务，通过这两个任务，

男孩了解到快乐的秘密。【1题详解】细节理解题。从文章第二段的句子：Ratherthanfindingaholyman,though,ourhero,onenteringthemainroomofthecastle,sawahiveofactivity:trades

mencameandwent,peoplewerechattinginthecorners(然而，我们的主人公并没有找到圣人，当他进入城堡的正厅时，他看到了一片繁忙的景象:商人来来往往，人们在角落里聊天)可知当店主的儿子到了城堡后，他没有想到会有那么多的人，选C

。【2题详解】细节理解题。从第四段的句子：“Asyouwanderaround,carrythisspoonwithyouwithoutallowingtheoiltospill(当你四处走动时，带着这个勺子，不要让油溢出来)

”和第八段的句子：“Thengobackandobservethewonderfulthingsofmyworld,”saidthewiseman.（“那么，回去看看我的世界里那些美妙的事情吧。”智者说）可知智者为了解释快乐的秘密，让男孩做两个任务，选A。【

3题详解】推理判断题。四个选项的意思分别是：A.自然的美，B.一个人拥有的财产，C.一个人的责任，D.thegreatopportunitiesinlife人生的重大机会。从文章的最后一段的句子：“Thesecretofh

appinessistoseeallthewondersoftheworldandnevertoforgetthedropsofoilonthespoon.(幸福的秘诀是看到世界上所有的奇迹，并且永远不会忘记勺

子上的油滴)”可知ABD都不符合，“thedropsofoilonthespoon”是指“一个人的责任”，选C。【4题详解】细节理解题。从第七段的句子：Theboywasembarrassed,andrepliedthathehadobservednothing.Hisonlyconcer

nhadbeennottospilltheoil.（男孩感到很尴尬，回答说他什么也没看见。他唯一关心的是不泄漏油）可知男孩在做第一个任务的时候，没有注意到周围，选D。BNothingcouldstopDad.Afterhewasputondis

abilityforabadback,heboughtasmallfarminthecountry,justenoughtogrowfoodforthefamily.Heplantedvegetables,fruittreesandevenkeptbeesforhon

ey.AndeveryweekhecleanedOldManMcColgin'schickenhouseinexchangeformanure(肥料).Thesmellreallyburnedtheinsideofyournose.Whenwecomplainedabouttheterrible

smell,Dadsaidthestrongerthemanure,thehealthierthecrops,andhewasright.Forexample,justoneofhiscantaloupes(甜瓜)filledthee

ntirehousewithitssweetsmell,andthetastewasevensweeter.Asthevegetablesstartedcomingin,Dadthrewhimselfintocooking.Oneday,armedwithabask

etofvegetables,heannouncedhewasgoingtomakestew(炖菜).Dadpulledoutapressurecooker（高压锅）andfilleditupwithcabbages,

eggplants,potatoes,corns,onionsandcarrots.Forabouthalfanhour,thepressurebuiltandthevegetablescooked.Finally,Dadturnedoff

thestove,thepotbegantocoolandthepressurereliefvalvesprayedoutacloudofsteam.IfwethoughtDad'spileofchickenmanurewasbad,thiswa

s10timesworse.WhenDadtookoffthelid,thesmellnearlyknockedusout.Dadcarriedthepotoutandweopeneddoorsandwindowsto

airoutthehouse.Justhowbadwasit?Theneighborscameoutoftheirhousestoseeifwehadagasleak!Determined,Dadfilledourplateswithst

eamingstewandpassedthemaround.Itdidn’tlookthatbad,andafterthefirstwavehadshutdownmyabilitytosmell,itdidn’to

ffendthenosesomuch,edible,andwedrankupeverylastdropofsoup.5.WhydidDadcleanOldManMocolgin’schickenhouseregularly?A.Toearnsomemoneyforthefamily.B.

Tocollectmanureforhiscrops.C.Togetridoftheterriblesmell.D.Tosetagoodexampletous.6.WhatcanweinferaboutDad’sstew?A.Itispopularamongtheneighbors.B

.Itcontainshoneyandvegetables.C.Itlooksverywonderful.D.Ittastesquitedelicious.7.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“offend”i

nthelastparagraphmean?A.ToattractB.ToupsetC.ToairD.Toshut【答案】5.B6.D7.B【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者的父亲在自己买的小农场里面种

菜、种果树甚至还养蜜蜂的乐趣。但作者的父亲收获的时候，他炖了一锅蔬菜，闻到味道时，作者和其他人觉得烧得很糟糕，但是吃起来确是非常美味，最后他们把菜全部都吃光了。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据文章首段Andeveryweek

hecleanedOldManMcColgin'schickenhouseinexchangeformanure(肥料).可知，每周他都会打扫OldManMcColgin家的鸡舍以换取肥料。所以父亲清理鸡舍的目的是为了收集肥料，故选B。

【6题详解】推理判断题。根据文章末段wedrankupeverylastdropofsoup可知，我们喝光了最后一滴汤。由此判断出父亲的炖菜非常美味，选D。【7题详解】词句猜测题。根据前句中afterthefirstwavehadshutdownmyabilitytosmell,可知起初的味道难闻

，刺激嗅觉，由此判断出offend指冒犯；使…不愉快，故选B。CManyyearsago,dogsandwolveswerethesame.Butabout14,000yearsago,somewolvesbegantochange.Theywerenol

ongeraswild.Nooneknowsexactlyhowthishappened.AngusPhillipsofNationalGeographicMagazinethinksitmayhavehappenedlikethis:“Somewolvesmovedclosetohum

ancookingfiresaftersmellingsomethinggoodtoeat.Thentheyworkedtogetclosertogroupsofhumans.Theydidthisbybeinghelpfulorprovingtheywouldnothurtp

eople.Thehumansmighthaveusedthewolves’betterhuntingskillstohelpthemhuntanimals.Thewolvescouldwarnhumans

ofdangeratnight.Overthousandsofyears,humanskeptthelarge,roughwolvesoutofthehumancamps.Thisledtothedevelopmentofdifferentkindsofdogst

hatweremorefriendlytopeople.Theybegantolookdifferentthanwolves.Theyweregenerallysmallerthanwolves,withashorternose.”Throughthelate19thce

ntury,humanswouldraisedogsforspecialskillstheywanted,suchashunting,helpingwiththeworkonfarmsorprotectinganimals.Today,themostcommonuseofadogisfor

friendship.Somepeopleevenconsidertheirdogtobeapartoftheirfamily.Scientistsarefindingthatdogscanevenunderstandhumanemotions.Aroundtheworl

dtodaytherearemorethan400milliondogs.Buttheirrelationshipwithpeopleisnotalwaysclose.Someofthesedogsbecomestrays.Theyliveonthestreetsando

fteneatgarbage.DianaBharucha,fromBangalore,Diana,startedaprogramcalled‘StrayDogsFreeBangalore.’Shesaysthatdogsshouldhaveahomewithahumanmast

er.Dianatoldthenews-magazineCitizensMatters:“Ifthedogpopulationcontinuestoincrease,theywillgobacktolivinginagroupandturn

wild.Theywillstarthuntinglikewildanimalswhichwillbeadangerforhumanlife.”Humansarestilllearninghowtolivetogetherwithdogs

.Thisrelationshipcanbewonderfulbutdifficult.Butpeoplewillcontinuetosharetheirliveswithman’sbestfriend:thedog.8.Parag

raph1ismainlyabout________.A.thewolves’greathuntingskillsB.howsomewolvesdevelopedintodogsC.whysomewolvesgotclosetohumansD.thediffe

rencebetweenwolvesanddogs9.Thedifferencebetweenmostpeople’skeepingdogsinthepastandnowliesin________.A

.themethodB.theplaceC.thenumberD.thepurpose10.Theunderlinedword“strays”inthepassagereferstodogsthat________.A.havenohomeB.areabusedbythefamilyC.get

separatedfromothersD.sufferfromseriousillnesses11.What’sthepurposeof“StrayDogsFreeBanglore”?A.Tocontrolthed

ogpopulation.B.Topreventdogsturningwild.C.Torescuedogsonthestreet.D.Tostopdogsbeinghunted.【答案】8.B9.D10.A11.C【解析】这是一篇

说明文。文章主要介绍了与狗相关的知识。讲述了狼进化成狗的过程、过去的人与现在的人养狗目的发生的变化以及如今流浪狗过多可能产生的问题。【8题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段中“Somewolvesmovedclosetohumancookingfires

aftersmellingsomethinggoodtoeat.Thentheyworkedtogetclosertogroupsofhumans.Theydidthisbybeinghelpfulorprovingtheywouldnothurtpeople.Thehu

mansmighthaveusedthewolves’betterhuntingskillstohelpthemhuntanimals.Thewolvescouldwarnhumansofdangeratnight.Overthousandsofyears,hum

anskeptthelarge,roughwolvesoutofthehumancamps.Thisledtothedevelopmentofdifferentkindsofdogsthatweremoref

riendlytopeople.Theybegantolookdifferentthanwolves.Theyweregenerallysmallerthanwolves,withashorternose.”可知一些狼在闻

到好吃的东西后靠近人类正在做饭的火。然后他们努力接近人类群体。他们通过帮助人或证明他们不会伤害人来做到这一点。人类可能利用了狼更好的狩猎技能来帮助他们捕猎动物。狼能在夜间警告人类有危险。千百年来，人类

一直把大而粗暴的狼赶出人类的营地。这导致了不同种类的狗的发展，它们对人类更友好。它们开始看起来和狼不一样了。它们通常比狼小，鼻子短。由此可知，第一段主要讲述了一些狼是如何进化成狗的。故选B。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Through

thelate19thcentury,humanswouldraisedogsforspecialskillstheywanted,suchashunting,helpingwiththeworkonfarmsorprot

ectinganimals.Today,themostcommonuseofadogisforfriendship.Somepeopleevenconsidertheirdogtobeapartoftheirfamily.”可知整个19世纪后期，

人们饲养狗来获得他们想要的特殊技能，比如打猎、在农场帮忙干活或保护动物。今天，狗最常见的用途是友谊。有些人甚至认为他们的狗是他们家庭的一部分。由此可知，过去和现在大多数人养狗的区别在于目的不同。故选D。【10题详解】词义猜测题。根据画线词后文“Theyliveonthestree

tsandofteneatgarbage.”可知一些狗住在街上，经常吃垃圾，是无家可归的流浪狗，由此可知，画线词指的是“无家可归的狗”。故选A。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Shesaysthatdogsshouldhaveahome

withahumanmaster.”可知她说，狗应该有一个家，有一个人类主人。由此可推知，“StrayDogsFreeBanglore”项目的目的是去解救街上的狗。故选C。DInancientEgypt,ashopkeeperdiscoveredthathecouldattractcusto

merstohisshopsimplybymakingchangestoitsenvironment.Modernbusinesseshavebeenfollowinghislead,withmoretactics(策略).Onetacticinvolveswheret

odisplaythegoods.Forexample,storesplacefruitsandvegetablesinthefirstsection.Theyknowthatcustomerswhobuythehealth

yfoodfirstwillfeelhappysothattheywillbuymorejunkfood(垃圾食品)laterintheirtrip.Indepartmentstores,thewomen’sshoesectionisgenerallynexttothewomen’scosme

tics(化妆品)section:whiletheshopassistantisgoingbacktofindtherightsizeshoe,boredcustomersarelikelytowanderoverandfindsomecosmeticst

heymightwanttotrylater.Besides,businessesseektoappealtocustomers’senses.Storesnoticethatthesmellofbakedgoo

dsencouragesshopping,sotheymaketheirownbreadeachmorningandthenfanthebreadsmellintothestorethroughouttheday.Musi

csellsgoods,too.ResearchersinBritainfoundthatwhenFrenchmusicwasplayed,salesofFrenchwineswentup.Whenitco

mestothesellingofhouses,businessesalsousehighlyrewardingtactics.Theyfindthatcustomersmakedecisionsinthefirstfewsecondsuponwalkinginthedoor,an

dturnitintoabusinessopportunity.ACaliforniabuilderdesignedthestructureofitshousessmartly.Whenenteringthehouse,thecustomerwouldseeth

ePacificOceanthroughthewindows,andthenthepoolthroughanopenstairwayleadingtothelowerlevel.Theinstantviewofwate

ronbothlevelshelpedsellthese$10millionhouses.12.Whydostoresusuallydisplayfruitsandvegetablesinthefirstsection?ATosavecustomerstime.B.T

oshowtheyarehighqualityfoods.C.Tohelpselljunkfood.D.Tosellthematdiscountprices.13.AccordingtoParagraph

3,whichofthefollowingencouragescustomerstobuy?A.Openingthestoreearlyinthemorning.B.DisplayingBritishwine

snexttoFrenchones.C.Invitingcustomerstoplaymusic.D.Fillingthestorewiththesmelloffreshbread.14.WhatistheCaliforniabuilder

’sstoryintendedtoprove?A.Thehousestructureisakeyfactorcustomersconsider.B.Themorecostlythehouseis,thebetteritsells.C.Anoceanviewismucht

othecustomers’taste.D.Agoodfirstimpressionincreasessales.15.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.Toexplainhowbusinessesturnpeopleintotheircustomer

s.B.Tointroducehowbusinesseshavegrownfromthepast.C.Toreportresearchesoncustomerbehavior.D.Toshowdishonestbusinesspractices.【答案】12.C13.D14.D15.A【解析】这是

一篇说明文。自从古埃及的一家店主发现了可以通过改变商场的环境吸引顾客以来，现代社会中越来越多的商场采用了这种商业战略。即利用商店的布局，物品的摆设，甚至食品的气味来刺激顾客对商品的购买。此外，房地产的销售部门也在使用这一高回报的销售策略。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段Theyknowth

atcustomerswhobuythehealthyfoodfirstwillfeelhappysothattheywillbuymorejunkfood(垃圾食品)laterintheirtrip.可知，他们知道，首先购买健康食品的顾客会感到高兴，因此他们会在以后的旅行中购买更多的垃圾食品。所

以把水果放在显眼的位置是为了吸引消费者，然后在不知不觉中购买稍后要看到的那些垃圾食品。故选C。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段内容Storesnoticethatthesmellofbakedgoodsencouragesshopping可知，商店注意到烘焙食品的味道鼓励购物。由此判

断出烤面包的味道能够起到刺激消费者购买的目的。故选D。【14题详解】推理判断题。文章末段提出Theyfindthatcustomersmakedecisionsinthefirstfewsecondsuponwalkinginth

edoor,andturnitintoabusinessopportunity.可知，他们发现顾客在进门的最初几秒钟就做出决定，这就是一个商机。然后讲述加利福尼亚卖房者的故事，由此判断加州建筑商的故事想要证明良好

的第一印象会增加销售额。故选D。【15题详解】推理判断题。自从古埃及的一家店主发现了可以通过改变商场的环境吸引顾客以来，现代社会中越来越多的商场采用了这种商业战略。即利用商店的布局，物品的摆设，甚至食品的气味来刺激顾客对商品的购买。此外，房

地产的销售部门也在使用这一高回报的销售策略。所以这篇短文的主要目的是解释企业如何把人变成顾客。故选A项。根据短文内容，从其后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。其中有两项为多余选项。TheBenefitsofKeepingaJournalIfyouwanttogrow,oneimportan

tthingyoushoulddoiskeepingajournal.Itmayseemsimple,butitcanmakeabigdifferenceinyourlife.Ihavebeenkeepingjournalsforyears

.WritingallthelessonsIlearnandalltheideasIgethasbecomeahabitforme.___16___Herearesomebenefitsyouwillget

bykeepingajournal.Itpreventsyoufromlosinganidea.Haveyouevergottenanideaonlytoloseitlaterbecauseyoudidn'twriteitdown？___17___Butt

henIdevelopedthehabitofwritingdowneveryideathatcameintomymindassoonaspossible.IfI'mawayfrommycomputer,IusuallywriteitdownonapieceofpaperthatIbr

ingwhereverIgo.Iwillthentransfertheideatothejournalinmycomputer.Ithelpsyoureviewallthelessonsyou'velearned.Byreviewingyo

urjournal,youcanquicklyseethelessonsyou'velearnedandtheideasyou'vegotten.___18___Youcanusetheideastop

ushyourselfforward.___19___Afterkeepingajournalforyears,youcanlookbackatitandseehowfaryou'vegone.Thingsthatwerebigproblemsinthepastm

ightseemsmalltoday.Therawideasyouhadinthepastmighthavebeenrealizedtoday.Ithelpsyouexpandyourideas.Whenyoutrytocomeupwithasentencetoex

pressanideayouarethinkingactivelyaboutit.___20___Intheend,youwillexpandyourideas.A.Ioftenexperiencedthatmyself.B.Itallowsyo

utoseeyourprogressovertime.C.Ittrainsyoutoexpressyourthoughts.D.Justusewhatevertoolyoufeelcomfortablewith.E.Thinkingactivel

yhelpsyouconnectyourideatoanotheridea.F.Andtobehonest,Ican'timaginewhatmylifewouldbelikewithoutit.G.Thenyoucandowha

tevernecessarytoavoidrepeatingthesamemistakes.【答案】16.F17.A18.G19.B20.E【解析】这是一篇议论文。文章讲的是记日记的四大好处，包括不会让你丢失自己的想法，帮你复习所有你学到的东西，帮你看到自己的进步和

拓宽你的想法。【16题详解】上文Ihavebeenkeepingjournalsforyears.WritingallthelessonsIlearnandalltheideasIgethasbecomeahabitforme.说我写日记已经很多年了。写下我学到的所有课程

和我得到的所有理念已经成为我的一个习惯。该空承接上文，F选项“说实话，我无法想象没有它，我的生活会是什么样子”切题，故选F。【17题详解】根据前面一个问句“你曾经有过一个想法，但是后来就消失了，就是因为你没有写下来？”和后面作者讲的自己的经历，A选项“Ioftenexp

eriencedthatmyself.”我经常身亲经历这些，符合语境。故选A。【18题详解】前一句话讲的是通过回顾日记，你能够快速的知道自己学到的什么和你得到的想法，后一句话讲的是你可以通过这些想法来鞭策自己。G选项“Thenyoucandowhateverne

cessarytoavoidrepeatingthesamemistakes”那么你可以做一些必要的事情来避免重复犯错，符合语境。故选G。【19题详解】根据后一句话意思是根据几年记的日记，你可以回顾往事并且知道自己走了多远。B选项“Itallowsyoutoseeyourprogressovert

ime.”符合语境。故选B。【20题详解】上文Whenyoutrytocomeupwithasentencetoexpressanidea,youarethinkingactivelyaboutit.说

当你想用一句话来表达一个想法时，你是在积极地思考。下文Intheend,youwillexpandyourideas.说最后，你会扩宽你的想法。该空承上启下，E选项“积极思考可以帮助你把你的想法和另一个想法联系起来”切题，故选E。二．

完形填空Inourmodernworld,whensomethingwearsout,wethrowitawayandbuyanewone.The___21___isthatcountriesaroundtheworldhavegrowingmountainso

f___22___becausepeoplearethrowingoutmorerubbishthaneverbefore.Howdidwe___23___athrowawaysociety?Firstofall,itisnoweasierto___24

___anobjectthantospendtimeandmoneytorepairit.___25___modernmanufacturing(制造业)andtechnology,companiesareabletopro

duceproductsquicklyandinexpensively.Productsareplentifuland___26___.Anothercauseisour___27___ofdisposable(一

次性的)products.As___28___people,wearealwayslookingfor___29___tosavetimeandmakeourliveseasier.Companies_

___30____thousandsofdifferentkindsofdisposableproducts:paperplates,plasticcups,andcameras,tonameafew.Ourappetitefornewproductsalso____3

1____totheproblem.Weare____32____buyingnewthings.Advertisementspersuadeusthat____33____isbetterandthatwewillb

ehappierwiththelatestproducts.Theresultisthatwe____34____usefulpossessionstomakeroomfornewones.Allaroundtheworld,wecanseethe____35__

__ofthisthrowawaylifestyle.Mountainsofrubbishjustkeepgettingbigger.To____36____theamountofrubbishandtoprotectthe___

_37____,moregovernmentsarerequiringpeopletorecyclematerials.____38____,thisisnotenoughtosolve(解决)ourproblem.Maybethereisanotherwayout.Wene

edtorepairourpossessions____39____throwingthemaway.Wealsoneedtorethinkourattitudesabout____40____.Repairingourpossessionsandch

angingourspendinghabitsmaybethebestwaytoreducetheamountofrubbishandtakecareofourenvironment.21.A.keyB.reasonC.projectD.problem22

.A.giftsB.rubbishC.debtD.products23.A.faceB.becomeC.observeD.change24.A.hideB.controlC.replaceD.withdraw25.A.ThankstoB.AstoC.Exceptf

orD.Regardlessof26.A.safeB.funnyC.cheapD.powerful27.A.loveB.lackC.preventionD.division28.A.sensitiveB.kindC.braveD.bus

y29.A.waysB.placesC.jobsD.friends30.A.donateB.receiveC.produceD.preserve31.A.adaptsB.returnsC.respondsD.contributes32.A.tiredofB.addictedto

C.worriedaboutD.ashamedfor33.A.newerB.strongerC.higherD.larger34.A.pickupB.payforC.holdontoD.throwaway35.A.advantagesB.purposesC.functionsD.consequ

ences36.A.showB.recordC.decreaseD.measure37.A.technologyB.environmentC.consumersD.brands38.A.HoweverB.OtherwiseC.ThereforeD.Meanwhile39.

A.byB.infavourofC.afterD.insteadof40.A.spendingB.collectingC.repairingD.advertising【答案】21.D22.B23.B24.C25.A26.C27.A

28.D29.A30.C31.D32.B33.A34.D35.D36.C37.B38.A39.D40.A【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是堆积如山的垃圾给环境带来的影响。随着社会的发展，人们倾向于扔掉用旧了的东西，以新物品取而代之。而且

，包装盒等一次性产品给人们带来方便的同时，也给环境带来很大的压力。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：问题是，世界各国的垃圾堆积如山，因为人们扔出的垃圾比以往任何时候都多。A.key答案；B.reas

on原因；C.project项目；D.problem问题。根据上文Inourmodernworld,whensomethingwearsout,wethrowitawayandbuyanewone.可知，此处指带来的问题。故选D。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：

问题是，世界各国的垃圾堆积如山，因为人们扔出的垃圾比以往任何时候都多。A.gifts礼物；B.rubbish垃圾；C.debt债务；D.products产品。根据下文中的throwingoutmorerubbish可知，此处指如山的垃圾。故选B。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。

句意：我们如何成为一个一次性的社会的？A.face面对；B.become成为；C.observe观察；D.change改变。根据语境可知，此处在问我们如何成为了一个一次性的社会。故选B。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：首先，现在替换一个物体要比花时间和金钱来修复它更容

易。A.hide隐藏；B.control控制；C.replace代替；D.withdraw撤退。根据下文thantospendtimeandmoneytorepairit.可知，我们可以更容易地替换一个物体。故选C

。【25题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：由于现代制造业和技术，公司能够迅速而廉价地制造产品。A.Thanksto幸亏，由于；B.Asto至于，关于；C.Exceptfor除……之外；D.Regardl

essof不管，不顾。根据句意可知，此处表示原因。故选A。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：产品丰富多样并且廉价。A.safe安全的；B.funny滑稽可笑的；C.cheap便宜的；D.powerful强大的，强有力的。根据上文___5___modernmanufacturing(制造

业)andtechnology,companiesareabletoproduceproductsquicklyandinexpensively.可知，产品丰富多样并且廉价。故选C。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：另一个

原因是我们对一次性产品的喜爱。A.love爱；B.lack缺乏；C.prevention预防，阻止；D.division部门，分割。根据下文As___8___people,wearealwayslookingfor___9___tosavetimeandmakeourliveseasier.可知，

我们喜爱一次性产品。故选A。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：作为忙碌的人，我们总是在寻找节省时间和使我们的生活更容易的方法。A.sensitive敏感的；B.kind和蔼的；C.brave勇敢的；D.busy忙碌的。根据下文tosavetimeandmakeourliveseasie

r可知，忙碌的人总是在寻找节省时间和使我们的生活更容易的方法。故选D。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为忙碌的人，我们总是在寻找节省时间和使我们的生活更容易的方法。A.ways方法；B.places地方；C.jobs工作；D.frien

ds朋友。根据语境可知，此处指我们总是在寻找节省时间和使我们的生活更容易的方法。故选A。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：公司生产成千上万的不同种类的一次性产品：纸盘子、塑料杯、照相机等等。A.donate捐赠；B.receive收到；C.produce生产；D.preserve保护，

维持。根据语境可知，此处指公司生产成千上万的不同种类的一次性产品。故选C。【31题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们对新产品的需求也导致了这个问题。A.adaptsto适应；改编；B.returnsto返回；回复；C.respond

sto对……做出反应；D.contributesto有助于，导致。根据语境可知，此处指导致了这个问题。故选D。【32题详解】考查形容词短语辨析。句意：我们热衷于购买新东西。A.tiredof对……厌倦；B.

addictedto对……上瘾，迷恋于……；C.worriedabout担心；D.ashamedfor为……感到惭愧。根据上文Ourappetitefornewproductsalso___11___totheproblem.可知，我们热衷于购买新东西。故选B。【33题详解

】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：广告说服我们，越新越好，我们会更乐于使用最新产品。A.newer更新的；B.stronger更强的；C.higher更高的；D.larger更大的。根据下文thatwewillbehappierwiththelatestp

roducts.可知，广告说服我们，产品越新越好。故选A。【34题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：结果是，我们扔掉有用的东西，为新的物品腾出空间。A.pickup捡起，学会；B.payfor付款；赔偿；C.holdonto紧紧抓住，抓住不放，保持住；D.thr

owaway扔掉，丢弃。根据下文tomakeroomfornewones.可知，此处指扔掉有用的东西，为新的物品腾出空间。故选D。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在世界各地，我们可以看到这种一次性生活方式的后果

。A.advantages优势，优点；B.purposes目的；C.functions功能；D.consequences后果，结果。根据下文Mountainsofrubbishjustkeepgett

ingbigger.可知，此处指一次性生活方式的后果。故选D。【36题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了减少垃圾的数量和保护环境，越来越多的政府要求人们回收材料。A.show显示，表明；B.record记录，

记载；C.decrease减少；D.measure测量，权衡。根据下文moregovernmentsarerequiringpeopletorecyclematerials.可知，此处指为了减少垃圾的数量。故选C。

【37题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：A.technology技术；B.environment环境；C.consumers消费者；D.brands品牌。根据下文moregovernmentsarerequirin

gpeopletorecyclematerials.可知，此处指保护环境。故选B。【38题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，这并不足以解决我们的问题。A.However可是，然而；B.Otherwise

否则；C．Therefore所以；D.Meanwhile与此同时。根据语境可知，前后是转折关系。故选A。【39题详解】考查介词（短语）辨析。句意：我们需要修复我们的财产而不是丢弃。A.by通过；B.infavourof支持，赞成；C.after在……之后；D.insteadof而不是。根据语境可

知，前后是对比关系。故选D。【40题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们还需要重新思考我们对消费的态度。A.spending消费；B.collecting收集；C.repairing修复；D.advertising作广

告。根据语境可知，此处指重新思考我们对消费的态度。故选A。三．语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。I'mnotsure______41______ismorefrightened,meorthefemalegorilla(大猩猩）thatsuddenlya

ppearsoutofnowhere.I'mwalkingonapathintheforestintheCentralAfricanRepublic.Unexpectedly,I'mface-to-facewit

hthegorilla,whobeginsscreamingat_____42_____topofherlungs.Thatmakesherbabyscream,andthena400-poundmaleappears.Hescreamsthe_

___43____(loud)ofall.Thenoiseshakesthetreesasthemalebeatshischestandchargestowardme.Iquicklylowermyself,du

ckingmyheadtoavoid_____44_____(look)directlyintohiseyessohedoesn'tfeel_____45_____(challenge).MynameisMireyaMayor.I'ma____46____(scie

nce)whostudiesanimalssuchasapesandmonkeys.Iwassearching____47____thesethreewesternlowlandgorillasI'dbeeno

bserving.Noonehadseenthemforhours,andmycolleaguesandIwereworried.WhenthegorillasandIfrightenedeachother,Iwasjustgladtofind____

_48_____(they)alive.Truetoagorilla'sunaggressivenature,thehugeanimal_____49_____(mean)menorealharm.Hewas

justsaying:"I'mkingofthisforest,andhereisyourreminder!"Oncehismessagewasdelivered,heallowedme_____50_____(stay)andwatch.【答案】41.who42.the

43.loudest44.looking45.challenged46.scientist47.for48.them49.meant50.tostay【解析】本文为记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在中非偶遇大猩猩，彼此惊恐的经历。【41题详解】考查宾语从句。句意：我不确定谁更害怕，我，还是突然

出现的雌性大猩猩。此处为宾语从句，空格处表示“谁”，故用who。【42题详解】考查冠词。此处为固定短语atthetopof，此处表示以最大的肺活量喊叫。【43题详解】考查最高级。根据后面的ofall可知，他声音

最大，所以用最高级loudest。【44题详解】考查动词。动词avoid后要加doing。此处表示避免直接看他的眼睛。用looking。【45题详解】考查非谓语。根据语境可知，此处表示不直视他的眼睛，他就不会感到被挑战性。feel为系动词，表示“被挑战”，用过去分词challenged。【46

题详解】考查名词。根据语境可知，我是一名科学家。scientist科学家。【47题详解】考查动词短语搭配。searchfor是固定搭配，表示“寻找”，表示“我”在寻找“我”研究的三只西部低地大猩猩。【48题详解】考查代词。此处做find的宾语，所以用宾格them。【49题详解】考查谓语动词。分析

本句的句子成分可知，本句缺少谓语，再根据总体时态可知要用一般过去时，所以用meant。【50题详解】考查非谓语动词。固定短语allowsbtodo允许某人做某事，应该用tostay。【点睛】此题考查固定搭配较多，其中第2,4,7，10都为固定搭配，对于这类题目我们需要

熟练掌握动词的固定搭配以及介词短语。而此题的第一题则考查从句，对于从句我们可以通过分析句子成分确定连接词的选择。如本题为宾语从句，宾语从句中缺主语，所以应该从连接代词who，whom，what，which，whose，再根据指人做主语可判断用which。四

．短文改错51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用

斜线（\）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Oneday,littleTonywenttoashoppingcenterwithhisparent.Itwasverycro

wded.Tonysawatoyonashopwindow.Helikeditsoverymuchthathequicklywalkedintotheshop.Afterlooksatthetoyforsometime,heturnedaroundandfo

undwherehisparentsweremissing.Tonywasscaredandbeguntocry.Awomansawhimcryingandtellinghimtowaitoutsideas

hop.Fiveminuteslater,Tonysawparents.Momsaid,“Hownicetoseeyouagain!DadandIwereterribleworried.”Tonypromisedherthatthiswouldneverhappenagain.【答案】

1.parent→parents2.on→in3.删去very4.looks→looking5.where→that或去掉where6.begun→began7.telling→told8.a→the9.sa

w后加his10.terrible→terribly【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。小托尼与父母去购物中心，看到了一个喜欢的玩具，走丢了，在一位女士的帮助下，小托尼又见到了自己的父母。【详解】第一处：考查名词单复数。根据下文可知，Tony是和父

母一起逛街。故要使用复数形式。故将parent改为parents。第二处：考查介词。in表示“在……里面”，根据语境可以看出，玩具是在橱窗里放着的，故把on改为in。第三处：考查句法结构。该句子里有一个句法so…that...，表示“如此……以至于……”，so修饰much，very

在这里是多余的，故去掉very。第四处：考查非谓语动词。这里的look的实际主语是he且两者之间的关系是主动，这里的用looking表示的句子是伴随状语。故把looks改为looking。第五处：考查连接词辨析。该句子是一个宾语从句，且不缺少任何成分，意思也完整，所以连接词应该使用tha

t或者省略that。故将where改为that或去掉where。第六处：考查时态用法。begin的过去式是began，过去分词是begun。该句子的时态是过去式，所以使用began。故将begun改为began。第七处：考查动词时态。这里telling与saw是由连词and连接且表

示并列发生的两个动作，其动作的发出者是awoman且时态是发生在过去，故把telling改为told。第八处：考查冠词辨析。这里用the表示特指的那个商店。故将a改为the。第九处：考查人称代词。名词前要有修饰语，根

据是Tony的父母，所以前面要加his。第十处：考查形容词与副词辨析。这里用副词terribly修饰形容词worried，故terrible改为terribly。【点睛】以第七题为例，原句“Awomansawhimcryingandtelli

nghimtowaitoutsideashop”，该句首先要判断出crying与telling并不是并列关系，him是saw的宾语，如果是并列关系，him不可能再作telling的宾语，所以判断tell是与saw并列，主语是Awoman，根据saw可

知道是发生在过去的事情，所以要把telling改为told。五．书面表达52.假定你是李华，你的美国朋友Jack想学习汉语，你推荐他去孔子学院，请给他写封邮件，内容包括：1.推荐理由；2.相关课程，如中国历史，传统文化等。注意：1.词数100

左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。参考词汇：孔子学院ConfuciusInstitute_________________________________________________________

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______________________【答案】DearJack,I’mmorethanpleasedtoknowthatyouareeagertolearnChinese.ConfuciusInstitutemaybeagoodchoice,whichi

sintendedfortheChineselearnerswhoarenotnative.ConfuciusInstituteprovidesvariousinterestingsubjects.Youwilllea

rnChinesehistoryandtraditionalcultureaswellasChinesewriting.Also,youhavemorechancestotalkwithclassmatesinChinese.Besides,teach

erswillintroducesomeChinesetraditionalfestivals,suchastheSpringFestival,DragonBoatDayandMid-AutumnDay.Somerelevantactivitieswillbeh

eldduringdifferentfestivals,suchasmakingdumplingsoreatingzongzi,whereyoucannotonlyenjoydeliciousmealsbutalsohaveagoodknowledg

eofChineselife.Ihopeyouwillfindmyrecommendationhelpfulandattractive.Yours,LiHua【解析】试题分析：这是一篇推荐信。要求考生推荐朋友去孔子学院。考生可以将文章分成三部分：1、推荐朋友

去孔子学院学习汉语，可用句式Istronglyrecommendthat...；2、阐述推荐理由，时态应以一般现在时为主，考生要围绕要点，适当地增添细节，可以选择恰当的连接词让文章衔接更自然，如fir

stofall，second，third，besides,inaddition等。3、表达祝愿，可用句式IdohopethatyouwillhaveagoodtimeinChina.审题时，注意描述要尽量选择简洁的语言，运用合

适的语法规则和词汇把各要点都准确表述出。还要用适当的连接词把句子连接起来，这样文章显得更连贯。【范文亮点点评】文章使用了高级词汇：beintendedfor，aswellas，suchas，notonly...butalso,haveagoodknowledgeof等等。高级句型：...th

atyouareeagertolearnChinese使用了宾语从句；whichisintendedfortheChineselearnerswhoarenotnative.使用了两个定语从句；...whereyoucannotonlyenjoydeliciousmealsbuta

lsohaveagoodknowledgeofChineselife使用了定语从句；Ihopeyouwillfindmyrecommendationhelpfulandattractive.使用了复合宾语。