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深圳市龙岗区龙城高级中学2020年高三英语第一次模拟考试第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ADoyoukno

wthetoysbelow?Theywereonceamongthemostpopulartoys.1960—EtchASketchFrenchelectricianAndreCassagneshadtheide

aofadrawingtoywithajoystick,aglassscreen,andaluminum(铝)powder.Usingthatidea,theOhioArtCo.launched(推出)the

MagicScreenin1960,andyoucoulderasethepicturewithashakeofyourhands.Youcanstillfindthetoytoday.1964—SuperBall

Whathappenswhenyouaccidentallycreateaplasticballthatjumps?Thetoycompany,Wham-OInc.,buysyourideaanditendsupsellingmillions

.That’sexactlywhathappenedtoNormanStingley,achemicalengineerwhocameuponSuperBall.Atonetime,Wham-Ohadto

produceover170,000ballsadaytokeepupwiththedemand.Unbelievably,theNationalFootballGamenamedtheSuperBowlgame(awell-knownAme

ricanfootballgame)afterthisjumpingball.1964—G.I.JoeIn1964,HasbrotoycompanycreatedG.I.Joe,alineofactionfiguresdesignedtorepresent

the4branchesoftheUSArmedForces—ActionSoldier(Army),ActionSailor(Navy),ActionPilot(AirForce),andtheActionMarine(Marine

Corps).G.I.Joewasimaginedasanexcellentmilitaryunitdevotedtodefendingcitizens’freedomagainsttheevilpersons.Ithasattractedtheimaginationofboy

saroundtheworld.1965—OperationAnunsteadyhandisyourdownfall(败落的原因)inthegameofOperation,whichwasinventedby

JohnSpinello,astudentattheUniversityofIllinois.Later,Spinellosoldhisrighttothetoytoawell-knowntoydesignerMarvinGlassforasumof$500.Operationi

scurrentlymadebyHasbro,withestimatedsalesof$40million.1.Whichtoyhasarelationshipwiththesportsevent?A.EtchASketch.B.SuperBall.C.G.I.Joe.D.Operatio

n.2.WhoprobablyaremostinterestedinG.I.Joe?A.Thosefondofarts.B.Thosefondofconstruction.C.Thosefondofbravesoldiers.D.Thosefondofk

inddoctors.3.IfyouwanttoplaywithOperationsuccessfully,youshould__________.A.keepyourhandstableB.havebetterteamworkC.getNormanS

tingley’sguidanceD.haveajoystickandaglassscreenBAttentionmanagers:thenexttimeyouneedtoinspireyourteamcreatively,bemoreattentivetoyouremployee

s’feelingswhenyoudelivernegativefeedback(反绩).Kim，whoworkedasasoftwareengineerforSamsungaftergraduationfromcollege,isfamiliarwithhavinghi

screativeworkpickedapart.“IpersonallyhatehearingnegativefeedbackasmostpeopledoandIwonderedifitreallyimprovedmyperformanc

e,particularlywhenitcametocompletingcreativetasks.”Intwostudies,Kimfoundthatnegativefeedbackcanhelporpreventcrea

tivity.Whatismostimportantiswherethecriticism(批评)comesfrom.Whencreativeprofessionalsorparticipantsreceivedcriticismfromabossorapeer,the

ytendedtobelesscreativeintheirlaterwork.Interestingly,ifapersonreceivednegativefeedbackfromanemployeeoflowerrank,theybecamemorecreative.Itma

kessensethatemployeesmightfeelthreatenedbycriticismfromtheirmanagers.Supervisors(监督员；管理者）havealotofpowerindecidingpr

omotionsorpayraises.Sonegativefeedbackfromabossmi运itcausecareer(职业)anxiety.Italsostandstoreasonthatfeedbackfromaco-workermightalsoberece

ivedasthreatening.Weoftencompetewithourpeersforthesamepromotionsandchances.WhatKimfoundmostsurprisin

gwashowcriticismprovedtoimprovesupervisorsthroughlessonslearnedfromnegativefeedbackthatcamefromtheirfollowers(employeesthatthey

manage).“Butwetendtobelieveweshouldn’tcriticizetheboss，”saysKim.“Inreality，mostsupervisorsdon’tdetestnegat

ivefeedbacksincetheywanttolearnfromit.Anotherreasonisthattheyareinanaturalpowerpositionandcandealwiththediscomfortofnegativefeed

backbetter.”Asforgivingsuggestionstoemployees，bossesshouldpointoutafollower’spoorperformanceorweakpointsintime.Buttheyshouldkeeptheirfeedbackspec

ifictotasks.Explainhowthepointthey’rediscussingrelatestoonlytheirtaskbehavior,nottoaspectsoftheperson.Meanwhile,feedbackreceiversnee

dtoworrylesswhenitcomestoreceivingcriticism.4.What’sthemotivationbehindKim’sstudy?A.Toworkonhisessaysfor

graduation.B.Tohaveabetterknowledgeofcriticism.C.Tocallforunderstandingbetweenworkers.D.Toencourageacultureofcriticismintheworkplace.5.What’sthemaini

deaofParagraph4?A.Whattypicalpowersupervisorspossess.B.Whatfeedbackcancausecareeranxieties.C.Howworkerscanhaveag

oodimpressiononbosses.D.Whycertaincriticismharmsaperson’sperformance.6.WhatamazedKimmostlyinthestudy?A.Somepeopleenjoynegativefee

dback.B.Employeesarebravetocriticizetheboss.CFollowers’criticismmaybenefitmanagers.D.Manybossessometimesstruggleintheirwork.7.Whatdoestheunde

rlinedword“detest”inParagraph6mostprobablymean?A.Hate.B.Understand.C.Discuss.D.Provide.CRecentlyaccordingtoanewresearch，humanshavehadalinktostarch

es(含淀粉的食物)forupto120,000years—that’smorethan100,000yearslongerthanwe’vebeenabletoplanttheminthesoilduringthetimeoftheIceAge’s

drawingtoanend.TheresearchispartofanongoingstudyintothehistoryofMiddleStoneAgecommunities.Aninternationalt

eamofscientistsidentifiedevidenceofprehistoricstarchconsumptionintheKlasiesRiverCave,inpresent-daySouthAfrica.Analyzingsmall,ashy,

undisturbedhearths(壁炉）insidethecave,there-searchersfound“piecesofburnedstarches”rangingfromaround120,000to65,000yearsold.Itmadethemtheoldestknown

examplesofstarcheseatenbyhumans.Thefindingsdonotcomeasacompletesurprise—butratheraswelcomeconfirmationofoldertheor

iesthatlackedtherelatedevidence.TheleadauthorCynthiaLarbeysaidthattherehadpreviouslyonlybeengenetic(基因的)biologicalevidencetos

uggestthathumanshadbeeneatingstarchforthislong.Thisnewevidence,however,takesusdirectlytothedinnertable,andsupportsthepreviousassumptio

nthathumans，digestiongenesgraduallyevolvedinordertofitintoanincreaseddigestionofstarch.Co-authorSarahWurzsaid,“Thestarchremainssho

wthattheseearlyhumanslivingintheKlasiesRiverCavecouldbattleagainsttheirtoughenvironmentandfindsuitablefoodsandperhapsmedicines.Andasmuc

hasweallstilldesirethetubers(块茎），thesecavecommunitiesweregrillingstarchessuchaspotatoesontheirfoot-longhearths.Theykn

ewhowtobalancetheirdietsaswellastheycould,withfatsfromlocalfishandotheranimals.”Asearlyasthe1990s,somere

searchersstartedtostudythehearthsintheKlasiesRiverCave.ScientistHilaryDeaconfirstsuggestedthatthesehearthscontainedburnedplants.At

thetime,thepropermethodsofexaminingtheremainswerenotyetavailable.Wenowknowhumanbeingshavealwaysbeensearchingfortheirdesired

things.8.Whendidhumansbegintofarmstarches?A.AftertheIceAge.B.AftertheMiddleStoneAge.C.About20,000yearsago.D.About100,000yearsago.9.Accord

ingtothescientists,remainsintheKlasiesRiverCaveshowthatA.SouthAfricaoncehadrichsoiltogrowcropsB.hearthswerewidespr

eadinearlyhumanhistoryC.earlyhumanspossiblydroveawayanimalsbyfireD.settlerstheremighthaveusedfiretocookstarche

s10.Whatwasthepreviousassumptionofstarches?A.Starchdietpromotedfoodculture.B.Starchdietshapedhumans’evolution.C.Starcheshadavarietyoffuncti

ons.D.Starchesofferedhumansrichnutrition.11.WhatcanwelearnabouttheearlyhumansdescribedbySarahWurz?A.Theyweresmartandtough.B.Theypreferredpl

antstomeat.C.Theyweregenerallyveryhealthy.D.Theygotalongwitheachother.DEveryoneknowsthattohelplessentheongoingclimatecrisis,weneedtopl

antnewtrees.ApaperrecentlypublishedinSciencepredictsthatourEarthcouldsupportanadditional9,000,000sqk

mofforest,potentiallyhosting500billiontreesthatareabletoabsorbmorethan200billiontonnesofC〇2.Itwouldbeaserioushelp.TheEarth’sl

andis149,000,000sqkm.Accordingtoourstudy,whenwetakeoutglaciers(冰川）anddeserts,weareleftwith104,000,000sqkm.Whenwefurthertakeoutcities,freshwater,for

ests,etc.,wefinallyget51,000,000sqkmofarable(适于耕种的）landbadlyneededtofeed7.5billionhumanbeings.Veryfewpeopleareawareofthegreatc

omplexityofthewholesystem.“Widespreaduseatthescaleofmillionsofsquarekilometersgloballyoftree-plantingandbioenergycro

ps(用于制造生物能源的农作物）planting,”readsanIPCCreport,ucouldhavepotentiallybadconsequencesforfoodsecurityandlanddegradation(退化).”Ino

therwords,morewidespreadmonoculture(单一栽培)andmorebioenergycropscoulddegradesoil.Bioenergynowhasa50percentshareoftheworld’srenewableenerg

yconsumption,accordingtoexpertFatihBirol’swords:“asmuchaswind,solarandallotherscombined”.It’sgoodnews，butnot

entirely.Onereasonisthatrisingoceanlevelsanddesertsspreadingaretakingawaymorearableland.Sowearriveatatoughchoice.Shouldweuseoursparesoilforagricul

ture,reforestationorbioenergy?Firstly,whenplanningtouselotsofsparelandtogrowtrees,weshouldnoticethatlastyear,36,000sqkmofforestwascu

tdown.Sowouldn’titbebettertostartbystoppingcuttingdownforestsaltogether?Besides,animalfarmingtakesup77perc

entoftheworld’sarablelandandprovidesuswith18percentofthecalories.Shouldn’twegloballycutbackonmeatconsumption?Lastly,modembio

energy,whichismadefromnon-food-crops,isalreadyavailable.Shouldn’tweavoidfirst-generationbiofuels，which

areobtainedfromfoodcrops?12.WhatdoestheSciencepaperpredict?A.Peoplewillbemoreactiveinplantingtrees.B.Theclimatechangewilllesse

ninthefuture.C.LargequantitiesoftreescanhelphandleC02.D.Treeswillplayamuchbiggerroleinourdailylife.13.WhatarethefiguresinParagraph2mainlyin

tendedtoshow?A.Humansfaceafreshwatercrisis.B.TheEarthslandhasvariousfunctions.C.ForeststakeupasmallpartoftheEarth

’sland.D.Thearablelandishardtofeedtheworld’spopulation.14.WhatcanbeinferredfromtheIPCCreport?A.Planting

treesbenefitsbioenergycrops.B.Morelandcanbeusedforgrowingbioenergycrops.C.Theconditionofplentyoflandhasbee

nimproved.D.Largescaleoftree-plantingmaybeadouble-edgedsword.15.What’sthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.Howtoproperlyuseourspar

esoil.B.Howtoproducemoretreesandbiofuels.C.Whytoprotectourenvironment.D.Whattoknowaboutourroleinnature.第二节(共5小题;每小题2

分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Socialpsychology'srootswerelaidinthelate1800sofEurop

e.Socialpsychologybecameadistinctdisciplineinthe1920s.16Hewascalledthe“father”ofthediscipline.17Socialpsychologystudiespeopl

e’sattitudes,beliefs,andbehaviors.Italsoexaminesinterpersonalinteraction,analyzingthewayinwhichsomeoneinteractswithotherpeople.Italsoexamines

culturalinfluenceslikeadvertisements,books,films,television,andradio.Socialpsychologistsliketouseempirical(以实验为依据的）methodstoconductstudiesi

ntheirfields.Thesemethodsofteninvolveexperimentswhichcanbringupcomplexethical(伦理的)problems.Oneofthemostinfamoussoci

alpsychologyexperimentswastheStanfordPrisonExperiment.18Toavoidarepeatofsuchquestionableexperiments,socialpsychologistsrelyontheeffortsof

ethicscommitteestoensurethattheirworkisethicallyallowable.Thestudyofsocialpsychologyissignificant.Itcanexplainhowgroupsmakedecisions,whic

hsocialconditionscanleadtoimproperbehavior,etc.Andsocialpsychologistsareconstantlylearningmoreaboutthesciencebehindhumaninteraction

s.19Ifyouwanttolearnmoreaboutthisfieldofpsychology,youmaybeabletotakeanintroductorycourseatalocalcollegeinyourarea.20On

ceyoustartstudyingthediscipline,trytobedevotedtoit!·A.Oryoumaygivelecturesonthisfield.B.Socialpsychologydealswithawiderangeo

fareas.C.Itwasshutdownatlastbecauseitgotoutofcontrol.D.OneofthemajorinfluencesinthefieldwasKurtLewin.E.Sosocialpsychologyisadiscipli

nethat’sbeneficialtohumans.F.Zimbardoisalsoaveryfamoussocialpsychologistintheworld.G.Youcanalsoconsultyourlibraryforsomepublishedtextsonthesubject.第二

部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节完形填空（共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。BrandonSteinercreatedthebagel(百吉饼

)businessattheageof12.21,thebusinesswasn’tgreat.Meanwhile,hedeliveredpaperseverymorning.WhathismothersaidgaveSteinergreat22.Whendeliveringpape

rsthen,hestarted23eachcustomerabagel.Withinamonthhewasmakinghisdeliveriesinasmallshoppingcart24250pape

rseachdayweretoomuchforhisbike.Later,theimprovementofhisbusiness25hisreplacingthesmallcartwithalargeone.S

teinermade$5.50anhourbystarting26at4:30amanditwasaprettyhighincomeforakidinthe1970s.Thisexperienceisoneofhisinvaluablelife27,w

hichshowshisremarkablebusiness28.He29asanincrediblysuccessfulentrepreneurwhorevolutionizedthesportsmemora

bilia(纪念品）30,turningasmallfirmwith“$4,000,acomputerandaworker”intoSteinerSports,helpingothersmallrelatedcom

paniesto31theirbusiness.SteinerSportshasspent25yearsbuildinga32withmorethan2,000athletes.SteinerSportsisalsothe33producerof

collectibles(收藏品)fromathleticstarslikeDerekJeterandPeytonManning.Steinerhas34countlessbaseballsandfootballhelmets,andsignedsportsshi

rts.Asonemightguess,therearealotofstories35toSteiner.HesoldhisSteinerSportstoOmnicomGroupforareported$25million.36sellingit,Steiner

stilloffersadvicetohelprunthecompanythatwas37byhimself.Hehasalsowrittensomebooksonhis38.ThekidfromBrooklyn,whonowl

ivesinScarsdale,NY,39somuchwhengrowingfromanewspaperdeliveryboytoa(n)40entrepreneurandwriter.21.A.MoreoverB.HoweverC.ThereforeD.Anyway22.A.ambiti

onB.adaptationC.conclusionD.inspiration23.A.bringingB.findingC.buyingD.passing24.A.thoughB.ifC.sinceD.but25.A.contributedtoB.relie

donC.figuredoutD.wrestledwith26.A.studyingB.cookingC.exercisingD.working27.A.goalsB.lessonsC.dreamsD.activiti

es28.A.interestB.determinationC.talentD.qualification29.A.endedupB.resultedinC.brokeoutD.tookon30.A.cultureB.competi

tionC.educationD.industry31.A.mindB.practiseC.expandD.manage32.A.scholarshipB.ownershipC.membershipD.relationship33.A.leadingB.privateC.efficien

tD.foreign34.A.receivedB.exportedC.marketedD.purchased35.A.equalB.relativeC.trueD.similar36.A.OnbehalfofB.Incons

equenceofC.OnaccountofD.Inspiteof37.A.motivatedB.deservedC.establishedD.remembered38.A.importanceB.e

xperiencesC.perfectionD.differences39.A.struggledB.requiredC.donatedD.shared40.A.well-knownB.easy-goingC.broad-mindedD.kind-hea

rted第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Haven’tyoualwayswonderedwhythebeginningandtheend

ofthepresentschoolyeardon’tlineupwiththecalendaryear?Well,(41)__________answermightsurpriseyou:theschoolyearactually(42)___

_______(date)backtothetimewhenthefarmingscheduletookprecedenceover(优先于，比……重要）everythingelse—evenschooling.Farmingcano

nlybedoneinspring,summer,andfall.Familiesneededkids5help,sotheirschoolingtookplaceinthecoldermonths(43)__________nothingcouldbe

plantedorharvested.Thuskidscouldhelpwithfarmdutiesduringbusyseasons.Large(44)________(city)operateddifferently.Becausepeoplet

heredidn’trelyonfanning(45)__________(earn)aliving,kidscouldgotoschoolallyearroundandtakeafewshortvacationsthroughout.W

heneducationstartedtobecomemorevaluableinsociety,much(46)__________(strict)ruleshadtobemadesothattherewouldbemoreuniformity(一致，

统一）intheschoolsystem.In1852,Massachusettsbecamethefirststatetoenactacompulsorypubliclaw,makingitcompulsory(47)__________bothruralareasandurb

anareastoofferschooling.Parents(48)__________(fine)iftheydidn’tsendchildrentoschools.(49)__________(short)afterMassachus

ettsenactedthelaw,acompromise(50)__________(make)betweenurbanandruralschoolsystemslettheschoolyearstartinthefallsokidscouldhelpwithfanningd

uringthesummer.第三部分写作（共两节，f满分35+)第一节短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除

或修改。增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号（^），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除:把多佘的词用斜线(\)划掉。修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第1

1处起)不计分。BarbaraisoneofmyfavoriteWalmartemployee.Takeoneglance,andyou’llfindshehasjoyburyingdeepinhersoul.IgottoknowBarbarat

hecoupleofweeksago.Shewasmycashier.AndIcouldn’thelpbuttoadmireherfancy,fall-themedheadband,thatshemadeusingautumnlea

vesandflowers.Aspeoplejoyfullycommentedherheadband,shesmiled.Thanksgivingwasoneofthebusytimesoftheyear,especiallyf

orcheckoutworkersinthesupermarket.Barbaracouldhavechosetojustputherheaddownandscangroceries.However,she

didn’t.Shechosetogreeteachcustomerwarm.Shenotonlyentertainedherbutalsootherpeople.第二节书面表达(满分25分）假如你是李华，你想邀请你的好友

Chris参加你堂哥的婚礼，让她体验中国的婚礼文化。请给Chris写封信，内容包括：1.发出邀请；2.简介婚礼(如时间、地点、流程）；3.婚礼礼仪(如服饰和用餐礼仪）。注意：1.词数：100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。____

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5BCABD6-10CACDB11-15ACDDA16-20DBCEG21-25BDACA26-30DBCAD31-35CDACB36-40DCBAA41-50(Onepossibleversion)41.the42.dates43.when44.citi

es45.toearn46.stricter47.for48.wouldbefined49.Shortly50.made短文改错(Onepossibleversion)BarbaraisoneofmyfavoriteWal

martemployee.Takeoneglance,andyou’llfindshehasemployeesjoyburyingdeepinhersoul.IgottoknowBarbarathecoupleofweeksago.Shewasmycashier.burieda

AndIcouldn’thelpbuttoadmireherfancy,fall-themedheadband,thatshemadeusingautumn删除whichleavesandflowers.Aspeoplejoyfullycomme

nted∧herheadband,shesmiled.Thanksgivingonwasoneofthebusytimesoftheyear,especiallyforcheckoutworkersinthesupermarket.Barbarabusiestcouldhavec

hosetojustputherheaddownandscangroceries.However,shedidn’t.Shechosetochosengreeteachcustomerwarm.Shenoto

nlyentertainedherbutalsootherpeople.warmlyherself书面表达(Onepossibleversion)DearChris,I’dlikeyoutoattendmycousin’swedding,whereyoucanhaveagoodexpe

rienceofChineseweddingculture.TheweddingistobeheldinYingchunHotelonMay5.Inthemorning,we’llfirstgotopickupthebridea

therhome.Atabouttwelveo’clock,thetraditionalweddingceremonywillbeheldinthegroom’shome.Aftertheceremony,itwillbetheweddingfeast

,duringwhichweshouldavoidbreakinganybowlorplatesincethebrokenbowlorplateisconsideredtolikelypredictanu

nhappymarriage.Asfortheclothes,we’dbetternotwearblackones.Ifyouwanttolearnmoreaboutthewedding,pleaseconta

ctme.Yours,LiHua阅读理解第一节A导语：文章是一篇应用文。介绍了曾经很流行的几款玩具。1.B。细节理解题。根据1964—SuperBall部分中的theNFLnamedtheSuperBowlgame(a...game)afterthisjumpingball.可知，（美

国）超级碗橄榄球赛以这个弹跳球来命名比赛。2.C。推理判断题。根据1964—G.I.Joe部分中的In1964,HasbrotoycompanycreatedGIJoe,...andtheActionMarine(MarineCorps

).可知，喜爱勇敢的战士的人，可能对GIJoe最感兴趣。3.A。细节理解题。根据1965—Operation部分中的AnunsteadyhandisyourdownfallinthegameofOperation可知，要确保手保持稳定，才能成功地完成Oper

ation这款游戏。B导语：本文是一篇议论文。作者以Kim有关批评与创造力的研究为论据，论述了我们应该怎样看待批评与创造力之间的关系，以及怎样反馈和接受批评。4.B。细节理解题。根据第二段的Kim,who

workedasasoftwareengineer...“Ipersonallyhate...creativetasks.”可知，Kim开展研究是想更好地了解批评。5.D。主旨大意题。结合第三段的内容并

通读第四段并可知，第四段的主旨是：为什么来自上级或同事的批评会抑制一个人的创造力。6.C。细节理解题。根据第五段的WhatKimfoundmostsurprising...(employeesthattheymanage

).可知，令人惊讶的发现是：下级的批评对管理者有利。7.A。词义猜测题。根据第六段的Inreality,mostsupervisors...feedbackbetter.可知，管理者实际上并没有那么讨厌下属的消极反馈。C导语：本文是一篇说明文。研究者在南非的一个洞穴里有关古人食用淀

粉类植物的研究发现。8.C。数字计算题。根据第一段的...forupto120,000years—that’smorethan100,000years...inthesoil可知，人类是在20,000年以

前开始种植含淀粉类植物。9.D。细节理解题。根据第二段的...theresearchersfound“piecesofburnedstarches”...starcheseatenbyhumans.并结合全文内容可知，KlasiesRiverCave的遗

迹显示：居住在此洞穴的人可能使用火来烹饪含淀粉类植物。10.B。细节理解题。根据第三段的thepreviousassumptionthathumans’digestiongenes...digestionofstarch可知之前提出的假设是：食用淀粉的饮食方式影响了人类身体方面的进化。11

.A。推理判断题。根据第四段内容Co-authorSarahWurzsaid,“Thestarchremainsshowthattheseearlyhumans...otheranimals.”可推知，SarahWu

rz认为这些早期人类聪慧而又坚韧不拔。D导语：本文是一篇议论文。话题是如何使用地球上的土地。作者认为不能一味地把大片的可利用的土地用来植树造林和种植（用来制造生物能源的）作物。12.C。细节理解题。根据第一段的Apaperrecentlypubl

ished...absorbmorethan200billiontonnesofCO2.可知，杂志上的报告预测：大量的树木可以帮助来解决二氧化碳的问题。13.D。写作意图题。根据第二段的Takeoutcities(1.5million)...badlyneede

dtofeed7.5billionhumanbeings.可知，这些数字是用来说明适于耕作的土地面积有限，很难养活现在世界上所有的人口。14.D。细节理解题。根据第三段的“Widespreaduse...oftree-planting...landdegradation,”re

adsanIPCCreport.可知，用大面积的土地来植树造林，一方面可能影响耕地面积，从而影响粮食安全，另一方面可能会引起土壤退化，故大规模的植树造林一方面有利于二氧化碳的减少，但也有缺点。15.A。主旨大意题。通读最后一段可知，本段的主旨

是：作者给出的如何合理使用适于耕种土地的建议。第二节导语：本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了社会心理学这门课程。16.D。此空设于段中，与下文存在指代关系。下文中的He指代正确选项中的KurtLewin。17.B。此空设于段首，是本段主题句。下文主要介绍的是心理学研究的范围广，

故选该项。18.C。此空设于段中，与上文存在指代关系。正确选项中的It指代上文中的theStanfordPrisonExperiment。19.E。此空设于段尾，对本段内容作出总结：心理学是一门很有益于人类的学科。20.G。此空设

于段中，与上文存在并列关系，给读者介绍了了解心理学的另一种途径。完形填空导语：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。主要介绍了BrandonSteiner从一名报童成长为一名企业家的故事。21.B。前后句子之间是转折关系，故用however（然而）。22.D。根据下文可知，此处

表示妈妈的话给了他很大灵感（inspiration）。23.A。根据上文BrandonSteinercreatedthebagel(百吉饼)business可知，此处表示他在送报的时候给每一位顾客带一个百吉饼。24.C。前后句子之间是因果关系，

故用since引导原因状语从句。25.A。事业的进步，促使他把小车换成了大车，contributedto表示“促成，导致”。26.D。根据上文Steinermade$5.50anhour可知，此处表示他在早上4:30就开始工作。27.B。这个经历是他非常宝贵的人生经验

（lessons）之一，也显示了他卓越的商业天赋（talent）。28.C。这个经历是他非常宝贵的人生经验（lessons）之一，也显示了他卓越的商业天赋（talent）。29.A。文章主要介绍了BrandonSteiner的成长历程

，故此处表示他最终成为了（endedupas）一位很成功的企业家。30.D。他改革了体育纪念品产业（industry），并且帮助其他相关的小公司拓展（expand）业务。31.C。他改革了体育纪念品产业（industry），并且帮助其他相关的小公司拓展（expand）业务。3

2.D。根据下文athleticstarslikeDerekJeterandPeytonManning可知，此处表示SteinerSports和两千多名运动员建立了关系（relationship）。33.A。此处进一步说明S

teinerSports是体育明星纪念品重要的（leading）生产企业。34.C。SteinerSports已经出售了（marketed）无数棒球和橄榄球头盔以及球衣。35.B。毋庸置疑，关于（relative）他

的成功，有很多故事。36.D。前后分句之间是转折关系，故用Inspiteof（虽然）。37.C。虽然把它出售了，但是他仍然作为顾问帮助管理他所创建（established）的公司。38.B。根据上文therearealotofstoriesrelativetoS

teiner可知，此处表示他写了一些关于他的经历（experiences）的书。39.A。BrandonSteiner从孩提时代开始，努力奋斗（struggled）之后，从卖报纸成长为一名著名的（well-known）企业家兼作家。40.A。BrandonSteiner从孩提时代开始，努力奋斗（

struggled）之后，从卖报纸成长为一名著名的（well-known）企业家兼作家。语法填空导语：本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了入学时间的演变。41.the。考查冠词。此处的answer特指theschoolyearactually...evensch

ool。故此处特指名词answer，需用定冠词。42.dates。考查谓语动词。根据上下文可知，此处语境是：现在的学年实际上可追溯到…，故需用一般现在时。43.when。考查连词。所填词引导限制性定语从句，先行词是m

onths，且引导词在从句中作时间状语，故填when。44.cities。考查名词。city是可数名词，且此处指的是众多城市，故填city的复数形式。45.toearn。考查非谓语动词。relyonsb/sthtodo是固定短语，意为“依靠…

…做某事”。46.stricter。考查形容词。much修饰形容词的比较级。47.for。考查介词。makeitcompulsoryforsbtodosth，意为“强制某人做某事”。48.wouldbefined。考查时态语态。根据iftheydidn’tsendtheirchil

dren可知，主句应该用过去将来时，且句子主语parents和动词fine是被动关系，故填wouldbefined。49.Shortly。考查副词。修饰后面整个句子，故填short的副词形式Shortly。50.made。考查非谓语动词。此处是非谓

语动词作定语，compromise与make之间是被动关系，故填过去分词。