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练习58短文改错＋阅读理解Ⅰ.短文改错2023·包头四中月考★★★☆☆IbegandivingsinceIwasabout12.IactuallearnedtodiveinmyhometownwhenIwasin

holiday.Myparentswentthereexploretheundergroundlakes.MybrotherandIaresittingaroundonthebeach,gettingbored

,sowetookadivingcourse.Thenwedidourfirstdiveinthe“easy”lakeswhilemyparentwereexploringthedangerousplaces.Itwasn'tdeeplyunder

groundandthesunwasbeingshininginthroughanopeningintheroofofthecave.Itwasreallycalmbutbeautiful.Ifeltlikestayinghereallday!Ⅱ.阅读理解A2023·新课标Ⅱ卷说明文300词★★★

★☆ReadingArt:ArtforBookLoversisacelebrationofaneverydayobject—thebook,representedhereinalmostthreehundredartworksfrommuseumsarou

ndtheworld.Theimageofthereaderappearsthroughouthistory,inartmadelongbeforebooksaswenowknowthemcameintobei

ng.Inartists'representationsofbooksandreading,weseemomentsofsharedhumanitythatgobeyondcultureandtime.Inthis“bookofbooks，”artwork

sareselectedandarrangedinawaythatemphasizestheseconnectionsbetweendifferenterasandcultures.Weseescenesofchildrenlearningtoreadathomeorats

chool,withthebookasafocusforrelationsbetweenthegenerations.Adultsareportrayed(描绘)aloneinmanysettingsand

poses—absorbedinavolume,deepinthoughtorlostinamomentofleisure.Thesescenesmayhavebeenpaintedhundredsofyearsago,buttheyrec

ordmomentswecanallrelate__to．Booksthemselvesmaybeusedsymbolicallyinpaintingstodemonstratetheintellect(才智),wealt

horfaithofthesubject.Beforethewideuseoftheprintingpress,booksweretreasuredobjectsandcouldbeworksofartintheirownrig

ht.Morerecently,asbookshavebecomeinexpensiveoreventhrowaway,artistshaveusedthemastherawmaterialforartworks—tr

ansformingcovers,pagesorevencompletevolumesintopaintingsandsculptures.Continueddevelopmentsincommunicationtechnologieswereoncebelievedto

maketheprintedpageoutdated.Froma21st­centurypointofview,theprintedbookiscertainlyancient,butitremainsasinteractivea

sanybattery­powerede­reader.Toserveitsfunction,abookmustbeactivatedbyauser:thecoveropened,thepagesparted,thecontentsreviewed,pe

rhapsnoteswrittendownorwordsunderlined.Andincontrasttoourincreasinglynetworkedliveswheretheinformatio

nweconsumeismonitoredandtracked,aprintedbookstilloffersthechanceofawhollyprivate,“off­line”activity.1．Where

isthetextmostprobablytakenfrom?A．Anintroductiontoabook.B．Anessayontheartofwriting.C．Aguidebooktoamuseum.D．Areviewofmoder

npaintings.2．Whataretheselectedartworksabout?A．Wealthandintellect.B．Homeandschool.C．Booksandreading.D．Workandleisure.3．Wha

tdotheunderlinedwords“relateto”inparagraph2mean?A．Understand.B．Paint.C．Seize.D．Transform.4．Whatdoestheauthorwanttosaybymentioningthee­reader

?A．Theprintedbookisnottotallyoutofdate.B．Technologyhaschangedthewayweread.C．Ourlivesinthe21stcenturyarenetworked.D．Peoplenowrarelyhavethe

patiencetoread.B2023·新课标Ⅰ卷说明文307词★★★★☆OnMarch7，1907,theEnglishstatisticianFrancisGaltonpublishedapaperwhichillustratedwhathascometobeknownasthe“

wisdomofcrowds”effect.Theexperimentofestimationheconductedshowedthatinsomecases,theaverageofalargenumberofindependentestimatescou

ldbequiteaccurate.Thiseffectcapitalizesonthefactthatwhenpeoplemakeerrors,thoseerrorsaren'talwaysthesame.Somepeoplewilltendtooverestimate,andsometound

erestimate.Whenenoughoftheseerrorsareaveragedtogether,theycanceleachotherout,resultinginamoreaccurateestimate.I

fpeoplearesimilarandtendtomakethesameerrors,thentheirerrorswon'tcanceleachotherout.Inmoretechnicalterms,thewisdomofcrowdsrequiresthatpeople'ses

timatesbeindependent.Ifforwhateverreasons,people'serrorsbecomecorrelatedordependent,theaccuracyoftheestimatewillgodown.ButanewstudyledbyJoaquinN

avajasofferedaninterestingtwist(转折)onthisclassicphenomenon.Thekeyfindingofthestudywasthatwhencrowdswer

efurtherdividedintosmallergroupsthatwereallowedtohaveadiscussion,theaveragesfromthesegroupsweremoreaccuratethanthosefromanequalnumb

erofindependentindividuals.Forinstance,theaverageobtainedfromtheestimatesoffourdiscussiongroupsoffivewassignificantlymoreaccuratethanth

eaverageobtainedfrom20independentindividuals.Inafollow­upstudywith100universitystudents,theresearcherstrie

dtogetabettersenseofwhatthegroupmembersactuallydidintheirdiscussion.Didtheytendtogowiththosemostconfidentab

outtheirestimates?Didtheyfollowthoseleastwillingtochangetheirminds?Thishappenedsomeofthetime,butitwasn'tthedominantr

esponse.Mostfrequently,thegroupsreportedthatthey“sharedargumentsandreasonedtogether.”Somehow,theseargumentsandreaso

ningresultedinaglobalreductioninerror.AlthoughthestudiesledbyNavajashavelimitationsandmanyquestionsremai

n,thepotentialimplicationsforgroupdiscussionanddecision­makingareenormous.5．Whatisparagraph2ofthetextmainlyabout?A．Themethodsofe

stimation.B．Theunderlyinglogicoftheeffect.C．Thecausesofpeople'serrors.D．ThedesignofGalton'sexperiment.6．Navaja

s'studyfoundthattheaverageaccuracycouldincreaseevenif________．A．thecrowdswererelativelysmallB．therewereoccasiona

lunderestimatesC．individualsdidnotcommunicateD．estimateswerenotfullyindependent7．Whatdidthefollow­upstudyfocuson?A．Thesi

zeofthegroups.B．Thedominantmembers.C．Thediscussionprocess.D．Theindividualestimates.8．Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardNavajas'studies?A.Unclea

r.B．Dismissive.C．Doubtful.D．Approving.答题策略短文改错——词语辨析常见词语辨析错误①many修饰或代替可数名词复数；much修饰或代替不可数名词②“时间段＋ago”相对现在多久以前；“时间段＋before”相对过去多久以前③some用于肯定句；any用于疑问

句和否定句④so与very均可修饰形容词或副词的原级，much多修饰比较级，verymuch修饰动词⑤ever“从来，在任何时候，曾经”；never“从来不”⑥latest为形容词，意为“最新的”；later作副词表示“较晚地；后来”，与表示时间的词连用，表示“……之

后”⑦beside为介词，表示“在……旁边”；besides为副词，表示“除此以外”⑧usedtodosth.“过去常常做某事”；beusedtodoingsth.“习惯做某事”⑨no相当于nota或notan

y；not否定动词