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学易金卷：2024年高考第一次模拟考试（上海卷01）英语（考试时间120分钟，满分140分）I.ListeningComprehension（第1-10题,每题1分；第11-20题，每题1.5分；共25分）SectionADirections:InSectionA,youwi

llheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandt

hequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswerso

nyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1．（2023·上海·模拟预测）A．Heisnotlikelytodothejobwell.B．Hewillgetabetterjobafterschoo

lC．HecanrunfasterthantheeditorD．Hewillmakeagoodeditor.【答案】A【原文】M:Youknow,evenIcoulddoabetterjobforrunningtheschoolnewspaperthantheeditor.W:Ohyouc

ould,couldyou,Tom?Q:WhatdoesthewomanthinkaboutTom?2．（2023·上海·模拟预测）A．Someonehastoldhimwhereitis.B．Hedoesn’tknow,either.C．Heknowswhereitisbutcan’tte

llthewoman.D．Hehasaskedsomeoneforhelp.【答案】B【原文】W:Whereisthenearestgasstation?M:Ifonlysomeonecouldtellme.Q:Whatdoesthem

anmean?3．（2023·上海·模拟预测）A．Sheisalreadyateacher.B．Shedoesn’tknowwhatshewilldoaftergraduationC．Shehasnod

esiretoteach.D．Shelikesteachingverymuch.【答案】C【原文】M:Hi,Betty,areyougoingtoteachafteryougraduatefromtha

tuniversity?W:Wheredidyougettheidea?Q:WhatcanbeconcludedaboutBetty?4．（2023·上海·模拟预测）A．Itwashardtogetridofthesalesman.B．Theproductsthatthesalesmanwasse

llingwerenotgood.C．Thesalesmankeptmakingstopsontheway.D．Itwasawasteoftimetotalkabouttheproducts.【答案】A【原文】W:Mike,didyougetridofyoursalesman?Heisreal

lyawful.M:DidI?Hestartedtalkingabouthisproducts,andIthoughthe’dneverstop.Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?5．（2023·上海·模拟预测）A．Brotherands

ister.B．Doctorandpatient.C．Teacherandstudent.D．Interviewerandinterviewee.【答案】C【原文】M:Couldyoupleaseexplainthe

assignmentforMonday,MissSmith?W:Certainly.ReadthenextchapterinyourtextbookanddoExercise40.Q:Whatistheprobabl

erelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?6．（2023·上海松江·统考二模）A．Anxious.B．Disappointed.C．Confident.D．Confused.【答案】C【原文】W:Are

youworriedaboutgettingajobaftergraduation?M:No,notabit.I’vegotseveralcertificatesoncomputingandteachingand

I’vehadseveralgoodinterviews.Q:Howdoesthemanfeelaboutgettingajob?7．（2023·上海虹口·统考二模）A．Mr.Long’sbriefingwasunnecessarilylengthy.B．Mr.Long’sbr

iefingwasnotrelevanttothemission.C．Thewomanshouldhavebeenmoreattentive.D．Thewomanneedn’thaveattendedthebriefing.【答案】

C【原文】W:Mrs.Long’sbriefingseemstogoonforever.Iwasbarelyabletostayawake.M:Howcouldyousleepthroughthat?Itwasvery

importantforthemissionweweregoingtocarryout.Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?8．（2023·上海虹口·统考二模）A．Shemakeseffortstoorganizetheparty.B．Sheisgoingtobelateforth

eparty.C．Shedesignsthedresswithcare.D．Sheiseagertoattendtheparty.【答案】D【原文】M:WhywouldanyonegotoapartyonarainyThursdaynight?W:He

y!I’mtryingonadressjustforthat.Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?9．（2023·上海金山·统考二模）A．Tripplans.B．Ticketprices.C．Touristdestina

tions.D．Holidaycelebrations.【答案】A【原文】W:It’ssocoldhere.Let’sgotothebeachfortheholiday.Ifoundcheaptickets

toHainaninDecember.M:Iwasthinkingaboutaskitriptooneofthenorthernprovinces,butwecansavethatforFebruary.Q:Whatarethespea

kersmainlydiscussing?10．（2023·上海宝山·统考二模）A．Theelectronictoyisunique.B．Thetoyissafeforallusers.C．Plastictoysareoflowquality.D．Theto

yisn’tenvironmentallyfriendly.【答案】D【原文】W:Youmadethiselectronictoyyourself.Howwonderful!Anyspecialfeatures?M:It’sbatteryop

eratedandsafeforchildren.Imadeitwithplastic.ButitwouldreallybebetterifIcouldmakeitoutofoldwood.Q:Whatdoesthemanimplyaboutthetoy?SectionBDirection

s:InSectionB,youwillheartwoshortpassagesandonelongerconversation,andyouwillbeaskedseveralquestionsoneachoftheshortpas

sagesandthelongerconversation.Theshortpassagesandthelongerconversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionsw

illbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Ques

tions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.（2023·上海·模拟预测）听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。11．A．InAnhuiProvince.B．InShanxiProvince.C．InShandongProvince.D．InHubeiPr

ovince.12．A．Whenhewasbuildingahouse.B．Whenhewasdiggingatombinthefields.C．Whenhewasdiggingachanneltoplacepipesfortapwater.D．Whenhewascleaninghisyard.

13．A．Three.B．Four.C．Five.D．Six.【答案】11．B12．C13．A【原文】Anundergroundroomcontaining1.5tonsofancientcoins,includingsome2,000-y

ear-oldones,hasbeendiscoveredbyavillagerinChangziCounty,northChina’sShanxiProvince.ThemaninQianwanhuVillagediscoveredtheundergr

oundroomwithsome10,000coins,rangingfrom3cmto1cmindiameter,onAugust23whenhewasdiggingachanneltoplacepipesfortapwater,saidLiLin,anoffi

cialoftheChangziCentreofCulturalHeritageandTourism.MostofthecoinsweremadeduringtheNorthernSongDynastywiththerestmadedu

ringHanDynastyandTangDynasty.Archaeologistssaidthecoinswerethereforthefollowingreasons:thecoinsweresom

eone’sprivatewealth;ortheywereburiedbyancientChineseprivatebanksduringthewar;ortheybelongedtorichpeoplew

hoburiedthemduringwarbuthadforgottenthem.Thecoinshavebeensenttolocalculturalrelicsauthorities.(Nowlistenagain,please!)Questions1.Wherewereth

ecoinsfound?2.Whendidthemandiscovertheundergroundroom?3.Howmanyreasonswerementionedforthecoinstobethere?Questions14through16arebasedonthefoll

owingpassage.（2023·上海·模拟预测）听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。14．A．Tointroducethetouristsite.B．Toinformtherulesoftourists.C．Toattractmoretourists.D．Towelc

omethetourists.15．A．Warmclothesandsomebelts.B．Warmclothesandsunglasses.C．Sunglassesandfireworks.D．Su

nglassesandclimbingsticks.16．A．14kilometers.B．4.8kilometers.C．4.2kilometers.D．4.9kilometers.【答案】14．B15

．B16．C【原文】Hello,everyone.WelcometoHeilonggouTouristCenter!Beforethetour,pleasepayyourattentiontothefollowingrules:1.Bringwarmcloth

esalong,becausetheweatherischangeable.2.Keepyoursafetybeltfastenedwhileyou’relookingatthescenery,especiallytheglaciers.Themountainsareve

ryhigh,anddangerous.3.Wearsunglasseswhilewatchingtheglacierstoprotectyourselvesfromthestronglightreflectedfromtheiceandsnow

.4.Loudcriesandfireworksareforbiddenneartheglaciers.5.TherearemanybigglaciersatHeilonggouincludingthet

hreemajorones.GlacierChuckis14kilometersh.GlacierDean4.8kilometersandGlacierEdward4.2kilometers.ThelowestpaintofG

lacierChuckis650metersabovesealevel,andisreservedforprofessionalclimbersonly.Duringthetour,watchoutforstonesd

roppingfromthemountainsonthewaytotheglaciers,sincetheslopesaremadeupofsoilandsmallstones.Questions:1.Whydoesthespeakermakethisspeec

h?2.Whatshouldthetouristsbring?3.HowhighisGlacierEdward?Questions17through20arebasedonthefollowingconvers

ation.（2023·上海金山·统考二模）听下面一段较长对话，回答一下小题。17．A．Repaintingthewalls.B．Furnishingthekitchen.C．Rentinganapartm

ent.D．Discussingthepipesystem.18．A．Itisinaruralarea.B．Thefridgeworkswell.C．Itisnexttotheoffice.D．Laund

ryisincludedintherent.19．A．Foraweek.B．Foramonth.C．Foraboutthreeyears.D．Foratleastayear.20．A．$200.B．$180.C．$720.D．$800.【答

案】17．C18．B19．C20．B【原文】W:MayIcomein?M:Yeah,pleasedo.Nowletmeshowyoutheapartment.W:Thisseemsaprettyniceroom,Ishouldsay.M:Youbet

.Thisisthenicestroominthedistrict.Youknowwhat,Ijusthadallthewallsrepaintedlastmonth.W:Whataboutthekitchen?M:It’sawell-fu

rnishedeat-inkitchen.Thestoveandtheice-boxareingoodorder,andthesystemofpipesisOK,too.W:Isee.Howmuchistherent?M:200dollarsaweek,excludinglaundry.W:

200dollarsaweek?No,I’mnotreallyinterestedinthisplace.Itisn’tbigenough.What’smore,itisn’tcloseenoughtomyoffice.M:Rentsarever

yhighindowntownareas,youknow.Thisisanicerent.Howlongwillyoulivehere?W:I’dliketolivehereforaboutthreeyears.M:Wonderful!ThenIcangiveyouadis

countof10%.W:Really?Youaresonice.M:Whenareyoumovingin?W:NextSaturdayattheearliest.Questions:1.Whatistheconversationmainlyabout?2.Whatcanbelearneda

bouttheapartment?3.Howlongdoesthewomanplantoliveintheapartment?4.Howmuchwillthewomanpayfortheapartmentweekly?.II

.GrammarandVocabulary（每题1分；共20分）SectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallyco

rrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank

.（2023·上海普陀·统考二模）IntentionalTravelfortheCuriousForthoseseekingadifferentadventurearoundeverycorner,thestateofFloridadoesn’tdisappoint.

Sunloverswillbefascinatedbyhundredsofmilesofwhite-sandbeaches21theycanenjoythemselvesintheraysandexpl

oreaquatic(水生的)life.Naturalistscangetlostinecologicalwonders22naturalistssearchtheforestsforlocalwildlifeorhikesomeofthe

country’smostbeautifultrails.Nomatteryourpassion,looknofartherthantheSunshineState23(satisfy)yourscientific

andculturalcuriosities.Doyouwanttheperfectcombinationofexcitementandrelaxingbreaks?24(locate)onFlorida’sEastCoast,Daytona

Beachisfullofthingstodo,placestosee,andexperiencesofalifetime.Itistheidealcombinationofphysicalandnaturalwo

rld25promisestomakevisitorsreturnagainandagain.WhenitcomestoFlorida,peopleoftenthinkofthebeaches—and

DaytonaBeachhassomeofthebest.DaytonaBeach26(bless)with23milesofbeautifulwhite-sandbeaches.Thisexpansivestretchisone

ofthefewplacesinthecountrythatyou27actuallytakeadriveonthebeach-anactivitythatallwhovisitDaytonaBeachsh

ouldentertain.Takeinthesightsand28(breathe)inthefreshairasyouleisurelydrivedownthebeach.Orparkyourcarand

grabatoweltobeinthesunandperhapsenjoy29(explore)DaytonaBeach’soffshorereefsystem.Toexperiencemoreofthenaturalworld,visitBlueSpringState

Park.Itiswherehundredsofmanatees(海牛)seekwarm-watershelterfromlatefallthroughearlyspring.Wantmoreexposuretoaquaticanimals?Ecotourismisoneofthebe

stwaystoseeFlorida’s30(impressive)species.ThefamilywilllovetheMarineScienceCenter,whichhasararefishtouchpoolandbirdobservation

tower.【答案】21．where22．while/when/as23．tosatisfy24．Located25．that26．isblessed27．can/may28．breathe29．exploring30．mos

timpressive【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了佛罗里达州。对于那些在各个角落寻求不同冒险的人来说，佛罗里达州不会让他们失望。21．考查定语从句。句意：阳光爱好者会被数百英里的白色沙滩所吸引，在那里他们可以享受阳光，探索水生生物。此处限定性定语从句，先行词是w

hite-sandbeaches是先行词，关系词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。22．考查时间状语从句。句意：当自然主义者在森林中寻找当地的野生动物或徒步旅行一些国家最美丽的小径时，他们可能会迷失在生态奇观中

。此处是时间状语从句，表示“当……的时候”，应用while/when/as引导。故填while/when/as。23．考查非谓语动词。句意：无论你的热情是什么，只要想满足你对科学和文化的好奇心，就去阳光之州看看吧。此处作目的状语，应用动词不定式。故填tosatisfy

。24．考查非谓语动词。句意：位于佛罗里达州东海岸的代托纳海滩(DaytonaBeach)充满了要做的事情、要看的地方和一生的经历。固定搭配belocated意为“坐落在”，句子主语DaytonaBeach和locate之间是

被动关系，应用过去分词，作状语。故填Located。25．考查强调句型。句意：它是物理和自然世界的理想结合，承诺让游客一次又一次地回来。强调句型Itis/was+强调部分+that+其他成分，其中如果强调部分指人也可用who代替that；该句强调句子的主语th

eidealcombinationofphysicalandnaturalworld，指物，应用that。故填that。26．考查动词时态。句意：DaytonaBeach拥有长达23英里的美丽白色沙滩。固定搭配beblessedwith意为“

在……方面有福”；该句在描述一个客观事实，应用一般现在时，且句子主语是单数第三人称。故填isblessed。27．考查情态动词。句意：这片广阔的土地是这个国家为数不多的可以在海滩上开车的地方之一——这是所有来代托纳海滩的人都应该享受的活动。设空处应用情态动词may/can，表示“可以”。故

填can或may。28．考查祈使句。句意：当你悠闲地沿着海滩行驶时，欣赏风景，呼吸新鲜空气。该句是复合句，主句是祈使句，是并列的祈使句，所以用动词原形。故填breathe。29．考查非谓语动词。句意：或者把车停好，拿条毛巾晒晒太阳，也许还可以享受探索代托纳海滩近海珊瑚礁

系统的乐趣。固定搭配enjoydoingsth.“享受做某事”，其中动名词作宾语。故填exploring。30．考查形容词最高级。句意：生态旅游是观赏佛罗里达州最令人印象深刻的物种的最佳方式之一。此处指“印象最深刻的”，应用形容词最高级。故填mostimpressi

ve。SectionBDirections:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.（2023·上海长宁·统

考二模）Directions:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A．alternativ

esB．assessC．courageousD．demonstrateE.dynamicF.generatesG.inconsideratelyH.potentialI.regulatorsJ.significantK.unreservedly

TrustinyourscientificinstinctsandneverstopmovingforwardI’vestudiedbiology,biochemistry,math,andcomputerscience,andreceived

myPh.D．fromCambridgeUniversity.In2008,whenIlearnedPhilipMorrisInternational(PMI)wasbuildinganewlaboratoryto31theproductsthatwouldformpartofasmoke

-freefuture,Isaid,“I’min.”Seeingthepositiveresultsfromthefirststudieslookingatthedifferencesbetweencigarettesmokeandaerosol(气溶胶)fromoursmoke-f

reenicotine(尼古丁)productswasstimulating.Thereweresomanypositivefindings,andyetwewerestillinthebuildingphase.Whatwouldhappennex

t?Wehadtotellourselvestobe32:Don’tworry,justlookatthedata.Systemstoxicology(系统毒理学)isanexcitingand33fieldtoworkin.However,it34massiveamountsofdata,asi

tcombinesstandardtoxicologywithnewanddiversetechniquestohelpgiveusabiggerandmoredetailedpictureofhowtoxicsubstancesaffectthebody.Wor

kingwithsuchgiantblocksofdataisachallengeforallapplicationsofsystemstoxicology,notjusttobaccoharmreduction.Thisiswhyweshareourda

taandmethods35.Itisnotonlyinourbestinterestto36opennesstotheworldatlarge,butit’salsoimportanttoengagetheglobalscientificcommunit

yinordertoalwaysbemovingthescienceforward.The37publichealthimpactofscience-backedsmoke-freeproductsisconsiderable.Andwhilethes

eproductsarenotrisk-freeanddelivernicotine—whichisaddictive—thebreakthroughis38.AndIfeelanenormoussenseof

accomplishmentwithwhatwe’veachievedsofar.Ofcourse,westillhaveimportantworktodo.Wewillcontinuetoprovideinformati

onto39,scientists,publichealthorganizations,andpolicymakersaboutthepotentialofsmoke-freeproducts.Wewillcontinuetoshareourscience.Andwewil

lcontinueworkingtodeliversmoke-free40fortheworld’sadultsmokerswhodon’tquittobaccoandnicotinealtogether.Butthisisamarathon,andwe’reinthisfort

helongterm.【答案】31．B32．C33．E34．F35．K36．D37．H38．J39．I40．A【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述作者加入菲利普·莫里斯国际公司参与研究根无烟社会相关的产品的经历。31．考查动词。句意：2008年，当我得知菲利

普·莫里斯国际公司（PMI）正在建造一个新的实验室，以评估将成为无烟未来一部分的产品时，我说：“算我一个。”分析句意可知，使用动词assess“评估”与不定式标志to构成目的状语，符合语境。故选B项。32．考查形容词

。句意：我们必须告诉自己要勇敢：别担心，看看数据。分析句意可知，使用形容词courageous“勇敢的”作be动词的表语，符合语境。故选C项。33．考查形容词。句意：系统毒理学是一个令人兴奋和充满活力的领域。分析句

意可知，使用形容词dynamic“充满活力的”作is的表语，符合语境。故选E项。34．考查动词。句意：然而，它产生了大量的数据，因为它将标准毒理学与新的多样化技术相结合，有助于我们更大、更详细地了解有毒物质如何影响身体。分析句意可知，使用动词generat

e“生产”做谓语动词，符合语境，因为主语是it，故使用第三人称单数。故选F项。35．考查副词。句意：这就是为什么我们毫无保留地分享我们的数据和方法。分析句意可知，使用副词unreservedly“未保留地”作状语修饰动词share“分享”，符合语境。故选K项。36．考查动词。句意：向全世

界展示开放不仅符合我们的最大利益，而且让全球科学界参与进来也很重要，以便始终推动科学向前发展。分析句意可知，使用动词demonstrate“展示”与不定式标志to构成的短语作真正主语，符合语境。故选D项。37．考查形容词。句意：科学支持的无烟产品对公众健康的潜在影响是巨大的。分析句意

可知，使用形容词potential“潜在的”作定语修饰主语publichealthimpactimpact“公众健康影响”，符合语境。故选H项。38．考查形容词。句意：虽然这些产品并非没有风险，而且会产生令人上瘾的尼古丁，但这一突

破意义重大。分析句意可知，使用形容词significant“重大的”作is的表语，符合语境。故选J项。39．考查名词。句意：我们将继续向监管机构、科学家、公共卫生组织和政策制定者提供有关无烟产品潜力的信息。分析句意可知，使用名词regulator“监管机构，监管者”作介词to的宾语，符合

语境，因为该词为可数名词，前无冠词或者量词表示单数，故使用复数形式。故选I项。40．考查名词。句意：我们将继续努力为世界上不完全戒烟和尼古丁的成年吸烟者递送无烟替代品。分析句意可知，使用名词alternative“替代品”作动词deliver“递送”的宾语，符合语境，因为该词为

可数名词，前无冠词或者量词表示单数，故使用复数形式。故选A项。III.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:Foreachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwor

dsorphrasesmarkedA.B.CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext（2023·上海浦东新·统考三模）Partofmehasalwayswantedtobethekind

ofpersonwhobreakstheicewithastranger.WhenIwitnessthatkindgregariousness(合群)inothers,Ifeel41;Iassumetheirlackofreservemeanstheyleadmoreexciti

nglives.Howmanytalesofadventurebeganbecausesomeonehadthe42tosayhello?TalkingtosomeoneIdon’tknow43low-levelfear,andIavoiditentirely.I’mn

otalone.Ina2022study,GillianSandstrom,apsychologist,notedthatpeopleare“remarkably44”abouttalkingtostrangers,despiteres

earchlinkingfrequentsocialinteractionswithhappiness.Wetendto45thepotentialfornegativeconsequencesinsuchencounters,andactivelyavoidthem.Asacount

ermeasure,shegaveparticipants“missions”thatinvolvedinitiatingconversationswithstrangerswhometcertain46(e.g.,“Findsomeonewho’swearingahat”).T

heresultswere47Sandstromsassumption:theseinteractionswerefarmorepleasantthanpeopleexpectedthemtobe.Eagertotesthertheor

y,IgavemyselfaweektoreproduceSandstrom’sassignment,whichmeantspeakingtoaround30people.Ihadno48not10try:IliveinNe

wYorkCityandencounterhundredsofstrangers.Oneofmymissionswastospeaktosomeonewhowaseating.“Isthatcreamcheese?”Iaskedaguyonaparkbenchwhowaseatingst

uff.It49alittlemoredisrespectfulthanIintended,butonceherealizedthatIwasn’tcrazy,wehada(n)50conversation

.WhenIspoketoanattractivewomanoncrutches(拐杖)formytaskofengagingsomeonewho“lookssad,”Iwasworriedshe’dthinkofmeasa

pickupartist.51,shehumoredmewhenItoldheraboutmykneeissues.Here’satip:askingstrangersaboutthebonusesoft

alkingtostrangerscanbeaneffectivestrategy.Iusedthis52withpeoplerequiredtointeractwiththepublicaspartoftheirjob.AmongthewaitersIspokewith,a

commonresponsewasthatchattingwithcustomerswasoneofthemostenjoyableaspectsoftheirday,providingalittleburstof53.Acafeworkertoldmethathewasanexpe

rtatguessingacustomer’sorderbasedontheirappearance—yogaclothes?blackcoffee—butfeltadistinctjoywheneverhegotitwr

ong.My54didn’ttransformmeintoafearlessextrovert(外向者).Butitwasausefulreminderthatwhenitcomestokeepingli

feinteresting,it55tomakeroomfortheoccasionalsurprise.41．A．sacredB．distressedC．disapprovingD．envious42．A．nerveB．willpowerC．sympathyD．

vision43．A．masksB．easesC．inspiresD．taps44．A．informedB．pessimisticC．expectantD．confused45．A．overstateB

．demonstrateC．exploitD．suffer46．A．identificationB．resistanceC．profileD．scale47．A．atthemercyofB．incontrasttoC．forthesake

ofD．inlinewith48．A．excuseB．meansC．authorityD．regrets49．A．setaboutB．cameoutC．stoodbyD．endedup50．A．delightfulB．awkwardC．one-sidedD．initial51．A．Likewis

eB．ThereforeC．PlusD．Instead52．A．bonusB．receiptC．approachD．patent53．A．unpredictabilityB．resolutionC．discriminationD．inaccessibility

54．A．persistenceB．ritualC．experimentD．convention55．A．turnsoutB．paysoffC．goesonD．fallsshort【答案】41．D42．A43．C44．B45．A46．C47．D48．A49．B

50．A51．D52．C53．A54．C55．B【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者通过自身经历介绍了与陌生人交谈的艺术。41．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我看到别人的这种合群时，我感到嫉妒。A.sa

cred神圣的；B.distressed痛苦的；C.disapproving不赞成的；D.envious嫉妒的。根据“Partofmehasalwayswantedtobethekindofpersonwh

obreakstheicewithastranger.”可知，作者看到别人打破沉默会感到嫉妒。故选D。42．考查名词词义辨析。句意：有多少冒险故事的开始是因为有人有勇气跟你打招呼?A.nerve神经；勇气；B.willpower意志力；C

.sympathy同情；D.vision视觉。根据“Howmanytalesofadventurebegan”及前文可知，与陌生人打招呼需要勇气。故选A。43．考查动词词义辨析。句意：和不认识的人说话会引起轻微的恐惧，我完全避免。A.masks掩饰；B.eases减轻；C.inspir

es激发；D.taps轻拍。根据“andIavoiditentirely.”可知，和不认识的人说话会引起轻微的恐惧。故选C。44．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在2022年的一项研究中，心理学家吉莉安·桑德斯

特罗姆指出，尽管有研究将频繁的社交活动与幸福感联系起来，但人们对与陌生人交谈“非常悲观”。A.informed见多识广的；B.pessimistic悲观的；C.expectant期待的；D.confused困惑的。根据“despiteresearchlinking

frequentsocialinteractionswithhappiness.”可知，人们对与陌生人交谈会“非常悲观”。故选B。45．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在这样的遭遇中，我们倾向于夸大潜在的负面后果，并

积极避免它们。A.overstate夸张；B.demonstrate证明；C.exploit剥削；D.suffer遭受。根据“thepotentialfornegativeconsequencesinsuchencounters,”可知，与陌生人交谈我们往往夸大潜在的负面后果。故选A。46

．考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为对策，她给参与者“任务”，包括发起与符合特定特征的陌生人的对话(例如，“找到戴着帽子的人”)。A.identification鉴定；B.resistance抵抗；C.profile简介；概况；D.scale规模。根据“e.g.,“

Findsomeonewho’swearingahat””可知，桑德斯特罗姆让参与者发起与符合特定概况的的陌生人的对话。故选C。47．考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：结果与桑德斯特罗姆的假设一致：这些互动比人们预期的要愉快得多。A.atthemercyof在……

支配下；B.incontrastto和……对比；C.forthesakeof为了……的利益；D.inlinewith按照；与……一致。根据“theseinteractionswerefarmorepleasantthanpeopleexpectedthemtobe.”可知，参与特定任务的结果与

桑德斯特罗姆的假设是一致的。故选D。48．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我没有理由不去试一试：我住在纽约市，经常遇到成百上千的陌生人。A.excuse借口；理由；B.means方法；C.authority权力；D.regrets遗憾。根据“IliveinNewY

orkCityandencounterhundredsofstrangers.”可知，作者认为有理由去试一试。故选A。49．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：这句话比我想说的要无礼一些，但当他意识到我没有疯时，我们进行了一次愉快的交谈。A.setabout开始；着手

；B.cameout出来；C.stoodby袖手旁观；D.endedup结束；告终。根据““Isthatcreamcheese?”Iaskedaguyonaparkbenchwhowaseatingstuff.”可知，这里指作者把这些话说出来。故选B。

50．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这句话比我想说的要无礼一些，但当他意识到我没有疯时，我们进行了一次愉快的交谈。A.delightful令人愉快的；B.awkward尴尬的；C.one-sided单向的；D.initial最初的。根据“Theresul

tswere____7____Sandstromsassumption:theseinteractionswerefarmorepleasantthanpeopleexpectedthemtobe.”可知，与桑德斯特罗姆的假设一致，作

者和陌生人交谈得很愉快。故选A。51．考查副词词义辨析。句意：相反，当我告诉她我膝盖的问题时，她迁就了我。A.Likewise同样地；B.Therefore因此；C.Plus并且；D.Instead代替；相反。根据“shehumo

redmewhenItoldheraboutmykneeissues.”可知，相反，拄着拐杖的漂亮女人并没有认为作者是一个泡妞高手。故选D。52．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我对那些需要与公众互动的人使用了这种方法，这是他们工作的一部分。A.bonus奖金；B.receipt收据；C.appr

oach方法；D.patent专利。根据“Here’satip:askingstrangersaboutthebonusesoftalkingtostrangerscanbeaneffectivestrat

egy.”可知，作者使用了这种方法与那些需要与公众互动的人交谈。故选C。53．考查名词词义辨析。句意：与我交谈过的服务员中，一个普遍的反应是，与顾客聊天是他们一天中最愉快的事情之一，提供了一点不可预测性。A.

unpredictability不可预测性；B.resolution决心；C.discrimination歧视；D.inaccessibility难接近；难达到。根据“Acafeworkertoldmet

hathewasanexpertatguessingacustomer’sorderbasedontheirappearance—yogaclothes?blackcoffee—butfeltadistinct

joywheneverhegotitwrong.”可知，服务员与顾客聊天具有一点不可预测性。故选A。54．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的实验并没有把我变成一个无畏的外向者。A.persistence坚持；毅力；B.

ritual仪式；典礼；C.experiment实验；D.convention惯例；公约。根据“Eagertotesthertheory,IgavemyselfaweektoreproduceSandstrom’sassignment,whichmeantspeakingtoaround30peo

ple.”可知，作者实验只是为了验证桑德斯特罗姆的理论。故选C。55．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：但这是一个有用的提醒，当谈到保持生活有趣时，为偶尔的惊喜留出空间是值得的。A.turnsout结果是；B.paysoff取得成功；得到回报；C.goeson继续；

D.fallsshort不合格。根据“Butitwasausefulreminderthatwhenitcomestokeepinglifeinteresting,”可知，为偶尔的惊喜留出空间是得到回报的。故选B。SectionBDirect

ions:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.Foreachofthemtherearefourc

hoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)（2023·上海

浦东新·统考二模）Itwasawinterafternoonwhen,rushingtoattendthefinalshowofmyartschooldegree,Icaughttheheelofmybootonthee

dgeofapavement.Suddenly,Iwasflyingthroughtheair.Ifthepasttwoyearsstudyingphotographyhadtaughtmeanything,itw

asanappreciationofhowthingscanchangeinathousandthofasecond.Light,shadow,colours,allareinaconstantstateofflux(不断的变动)—asislife.Andsincecra

sh-landingontomyleftshoulder,Ihavebeenlivingthroughthetruthofthiswisdom.Thatday,doctorsdiagnosedacrackedbone.Itwasonlythenex

tmorningwhen,instinctively,Itriedtocapturesomespectacularsunlightstreamingintomykitchen,thatIhadtofacetheharshreality:Icouldnolongerliftmycamer

a,letaloneusit.Latchthatweek,ahospitalappointmentconfirmedmyworstscar—thearmneededtotalrest.Soon,Ibecamecantankerousandimpat

ient.Icouldn’ttravel,Icould’tgoanywheremuch.Surfingonline,Icameacrosstheconceptofgratitudeinterventionsandtheirroleinboostin

gmoodandwellbeing.ACalifornianpsychologist,SonjaLyubomirsky,haspioneeredresearchintousingadailyphotograph

ypracticeasatoolforenhancedgratitude.Herinstructionsaresimple,butnotnecessarilycask.Takephotographsth

roughoutthedayofthingsthatarecentraltowhoyouare.Takeatleastfivephotosaday.Initially,itfeltlikeademandingtask.But

readinghowparticipantsassignedtothegratitudeinterventionshadexperiencedenhancedpositiveemotions,Idecidedtopersevere.Painforcedmetoslowdown,be

causecapturingasingleiPhonephotowaspainful.And,yet,thestruggletofindanythingtofeelgratefulabout,andthentorecordit,st

artedtodramaticallyimprovebothmymoodandmyimages.Ibegantophotographthemostboringdetailsofmydays,frommybreakfas

tcuptoaredpepperreflectedinthewindow.Despiteeverything,IfoundIcouldfindmagicintheordinary.“Lifeseemsrepetitivean

dboringwhenyoudon’tnoticetheuniquenessofeachmomentandtheconstantsubtlechangesthataregoingonallaroundyou,”writeAndyK

arrinawonderfulbookonphotography.Iagree,butdon’tjusttakemywordforit—experienceitforyourself.56．Whathappenedtothewriteronth

ewinterafternoon?A．Shewenttoherclassmate’sdegreeshowinahurry.B．Shetrippedoverandbrokehershoulderbone.C．Shewastaughtanunfo

rgettablelessononphotography.D．Shetookaphotoofatragiccrash-landingtobeonshow.57．Theunderlinedword“can

tankerous”inparagraph3isclosestinmeaningto______.A．suspiciousofthehospitaldiagnosisB．desperatetohavemyinjurytrea

tedC．enthusiasticaboutboostingwellbeingD．bad-temperedandalwayscomplaining58．Thewriterphotographedtheboringlife

routinebecause______.A．underlyingmagicconsistedindailyaffairsB．gratitudefuelledastruggleagainstboredom

C．itwascentraltotheessenceofphotographyD．shefeltlikebeingassigneddemandingtasks59．Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．Expre

ssGratitudetoWinterB．BecomeaMasterofPhotographyC．WitnessRebirthoutofInjuryD．PicturethisbeautyintheOrdinary【答案】56．B57．D58．A59．D【导语】本文是一篇记叙

文。主要介绍的是作者赶着去参加艺术学院学位的最后一次展示的途中被绊倒意外受伤，休息期间在了解到了“感恩干预”理念，并在这一理念的帮助下改善了休息期间作者的情绪，懂得了在平凡中也可以发现奇迹。56．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Itw

asawinterafternoonwhen,rushingtoattendthefinalshowofmyartschooldegree,Icaughttheheelofmybootontheedgeofapavement.

Suddenly,Iwasflyingthroughtheair.(那是一个冬天的下午，我赶着去参加艺术学院学位的最后一次展示，靴子的鞋跟被人行道的边缘绊了一下。突然，我在空中飞了起来。)”以及第二段中的“Thatday,doctorsdiagnosedacrackedb

one.(那一天，医生诊断出骨头开裂。)”可知，作者在赶着去参加艺术学院学位的最后一次展示的途中意外被绊倒伤到了骨头。故选B项。57．词义猜测题。根据划线单词与其后的impatient(和没耐心的)为并列关系可知，该单词的意思与“没耐心”相近，结合第三段中的“Icouldn’ttravel.Ic

ouldn’tgoanywheremuch.(我不能旅行。我哪儿也去不了。)”可知，作者在摔伤后不能外出，所以作者应该是很“暴躁”。故选D项。58．细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Ibegantophotog

raphthemostboringdetailsofmydays,frommybreakfastcuptoaredpepperreflectedinthewindow.Despiteeverything,IfoundIcouldfindmagicintheordinary.(

我开始拍摄我生活中最无聊的细节，从早餐杯到反射在窗户上的红辣椒。不管怎样，我发现我能在平凡中找到魔力。)”可知，作者拍摄生活中的无聊的细节是发现能在平凡中找到生活中的魔力，也就是说，魔力就在平凡的生活中。故选A项。59．主旨大意题。根据尾段中的““Lifeseemsrepetitive

andboringwhenyoudon’tnoticetheuniquenessofeachmomentandtheconstantsubtlechangesthataregoingonallaroundyou,”writeAndyKarrin

awonderfulbookonphotography.Iagree,butdon’tjusttakemywordforit—experienceitforyourself.(安迪·卡尔在一本关于摄影的好书中写道：“当你没有注意到每一个时刻的独特性和周围不断发生的微

妙变化时，生活就会变得重复而无聊。”我同意，但不要只相信我的话——自己去体验。)”并结合讲述的作者自己的经历可知，不能发现生活中每个时刻的独特性和生活中发生的微妙变化时，生活就会变得单调而无聊，所以，应该在生活中多注意这些

平凡的琐事以及周围发生的微妙变就会发现，平凡生活中的美好，D项“想象一下平凡中的美”适合做文章标题。故选D项。(B)（2023·上海青浦·统考二模）DoyouwanttoopenashopinLondon?First:youmustbea

warethat,asoftoday,runningalocalindependentshopisanythingbutsimple.Second:youmustknowwhichisthemostresponsiveareaofthecityforwha

tconcernsyourspecificbusiness.Orasanalternative,youmustgainfullknowledgeofwhichareashaveprovedtobesuperhigh

-payingbasicallyforanykindofbusiness.AsforLondon,everybodyknowsthatitisoneoftheworldcapitalsoftradingandcommerce.Theenormousnumberofresidents,comb

inedwiththecontinuousinflowoftourists,makesitahighlywantedcityforeverykindofcommercialactivity.Clearly,every

one—whetherhe/sheisaBritishcitizenoraforeignerinvestor—whowantstostartabusinessinLondonmustdetectfirstthemostprofitableareas.Andthefourmos

tappealingonesarelistedbelow.CoventGardenOpeningacommercialspaceinCoventGarden,orintheWestEndingeneral,isalwaysawinning

idea.Thisarearepresentstheperfectbalancebetweenluxuryandsustainability.Abandofmusiciansthatneverceasetoattractbothclientsandnewinvestors.Car

nabyForoversixtyyears,CarnabyStreetandtheothersurroundingsecondaryroadshaverepresentedanauthenticoasisor

paradiseforthosewhowanttogoshoppinginLondon.First,theSwingingLondonvibe,thenthepunkrockrevolution:everything—especiallyintermsoffa

shion—hasbeencreatedorpassedthroughthere.AndevenintheThirdMillennium,itremainsalandmarkforeverythingrelatedtofashion

andnewtrends.MayfairAreyouplanningtoopenaluxuryshop?ThenMayfairisundoubtedlyyourspot.Rentingaplacehereishighlyexpensive,butit’saris

kworthtaking.Ifyouplayyourcardswisely,profitswillnotbelongincoming.Theonlyquestionis:haveyougotenoughfundstostar

tabusinessinsuchanexpensivearea?BondStreetAnotherluxuryareawithagatheringofmanyestablishedhigh-endbrands,maybe

themostcomplicatedone.Itisrecommendedonlytothoseinvestorswhoaimtostartarealfirst-ratebusiness.Manysmallent

repreneursorbusinessmenworkalifetimeinordertogaintheprivilegeorthegreatadvantageofupgradingtheirbusinessinthisa

rea.60．Thisarticleisintendedfor______.A．BritishcitizenswhowanttobuyluxurygoodsB．visitorslookingforrecreationalactivitiesinBr

itainC．investorsinterestedinstartingabusinessinLondonD．foreignersparticipatingincommercialactivitiesinLondon61．Accordingtothearticle,ifyouar

eplanningtodobusinessinLondon,whichfactorisworthconsideringthemost?A．Londonappealstohigh-payinginvestorsfromallovertheworld.B．Londonisthemostpromisi

ngcenterfortrading,commerceandfashion.C．Londoniswheremanylandmarkbuildingsandeverykindofbusinesslies.D．Londonboastso

ngoingfloodsoftouristsandenormouspotentialconsumers.62．Ifyougetenoughfundsandfancyopeningaluxuryshop,whichisthelastareatochoo

se?A．BondStreet.B．Carnaby.C．Mayfair.D．ConventGarden.【答案】60．C61．D62．B【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了伦敦四个最适合投资者投资的地方。60．推理判断题。根据第三自然段“Clearly,everyo

ne—whetherhe/sheisaBritishcitizenoraforeignerinvestor—whowantstostartabusinessinLondonmustdetectfirstthemos

tprofitableareas.Andthefourmostappealingonesarelistedbelow.(显然，每个想在伦敦创业的人，无论是英国公民还是外国投资者，都必须首先发现最有利可图的领域。下面列出了四个最吸引人的)”可推知，本文是的受众群

体是有兴趣在伦敦创业的投资者。故选C。61．推理判断题。根据第二自然段“Theenormousnumberofresidents,combinedwiththecontinuousinflowoftou

rists,makesitahighlywantedcityforeverykindofcommercialactivity.(庞大的居民数量，加上不断涌入的游客，使其成为各种商业活动的热门城市)”可推知，如果投资者计划在伦敦做生意，最值得考虑的因素是伦敦有不断涌入的游客和巨大的潜在消费者

。故选D。62．细节理解题。根据CoventGarden部分“Thisarearepresentstheperfectbalancebetweenluxuryandsustainability.(这个区域代表了奢华与可持续发展

之间的完美平衡)”、Mayfair部分“Areyouplanningtoopenaluxuryshop?ThenMayfairisundoubtedlyyourspot.(你打算开一家奢侈品店吗？那么梅菲尔无疑是你的位置)”以及BondStreet部分“Anoth

erluxuryareawithagatheringofmanyestablishedhigh-endbrands,maybethemostcomplicatedone.(另一个豪华区，聚集了许多知名高端品牌，可能是最复杂的一个)”可

知，CoventGarden、Mayfair和BondStreet适合开奢侈品店。故用排除法，如果你有足够的资金，想要开一家奢侈品店，最不应该选择Carnaby。故选B。(C)（2023·上海·上海市建平中学校考三模）Thelatestb

adbutunsurprisingnewsoneducationisthatreadingandwritingscoresontheSAThaveonceagaindeclined.Thelanguagecomp

etenceofourhighschoolersfellsteeplyinthe1970sandhasneverrecovered.Thisisveryworrisome,becausethebestsinglemeasureoftheoverallqualityofo

urprimaryandsecondaryschoolsistheaverageverbal(语言的)scoreof17-year-olds.Thisscorecorrelateswiththeabi

litytolearnnewthingsreadily,tocommunicatewithothersandtosecureajob.Italsopredictsfutureincome.Themost

credibleanalyseshaveshownthatthechiefcausesarevastcurricularchanges,especiallyinthecriticalearlygrades.Inthedecadesbeforeth

eGreatVerbalDecline,acontent-richelementaryschoolexperienceevolvedintoacontent-light,skills-based,test-cen

teredapproach.Cognitivepsychologistsagreethatearlychildhoodlanguagelearning(ages2to10)iscriticaltolaterverbalcompetence,notjustbecauseoft

heremarkablelinguisticplasticityofyoungminds,butalsobecauseoftheso-calledMatthewEffect.ThenamecomesfromapassageintheBible:“Foruntoeveryonethathath

shallbegiven,andheshallhaveabundance:butfromhimthathathnotshallbetakenawayeventhatwhichhehath.”Thosewhoarelanguage-poorinearly

childhoodgetrelativelypoorer,andfallfurtherbehind,whiletheverballyrichgetricher.Theoriginofthiscrueltruthliesinthenatureofwordlearning.Themore

wordsyoualreadyknow,thefasteryouacquirenewwords.Thissoundslikeaninvitationtovocabularystudyforbabies,butthat’sbeentriedandit’s

noteffective.Mostofthewordmeaningsweknowareacquiredindirectly,byintuitively(凭直觉的)guessingnewmeaningsa

sweunderstandthemainideaofwhatwearehearingorreading.TheMatthewEffectinlanguagecanberestatedthisway:“T

othosewhounderstandthemainideashallbegivennewwordmeanings,buttothosewhodonotthereshallfollowboredomandfrustration.”Clearlythekeyistomakesurethatfrom

kindergartenon,everystudent,fromthestart,understandsthemainideaofwhatisheardorread.Ifpreschoolersand

kindergartnersareofferedsubstantialandcoherentlessonsconcerningthehumanandnaturalworlds,thentheresultsshowupfi

veyearsorsolaterinsignificantlyimprovedverbalscores.Bystayingonasubjectlongenoughtomakeallyoungchildrenfamiliarwithit(say,twoweek

sorso),themainideabecomesunderstoodbyallandwordlearningspeedsup.Thisisespeciallyimportantforlow-incomechildren,whocometoschoolwiths

mallervocabulariesandrelyonschooltopassontheknowledgebasechildrenfromrichfamiliestakeforgranted.Currentreformstrategiesfocusontes

ting,improvingteacherquality,andotherchanges.Attentiontothesestructuralissueshasledtoimprovementsinthebestpublicschools.Butitisnotenough.63．Th

edropinverbalscoresontheSATisworrisomebecause________.A．itwillleadtoashortsupplyoftalentsinthelabormarketB．itrevealsyoungpeople’snegativeattitud

etowardsverbalstudyC．itshowstheschools’inabilitytomeetthenationalrequirementsD．students’readingandwritingabi

lityaffectstheirfuturedevelopment64．Whichofthefollowingisthereasonforthefallingverbalcompetence?A．Ch

ildren’slackoflanguagelearningability.B．Fewercoursesonreadingandwritinginschool.C．Theshiftofcurricularfocusfromcontenttoskills.D．

Heavypressurethatnumeroustestshaveresultedin.65．TheimplicationofMathewEffectinlanguageisthat________.A．childrenshoul

dbetrainedtounderstandthecontentB．teachersshouldfocusononetopicinlanguageteachingC．children’sfamilybackgrounddeterminestheirver

balabilityD．teachersshouldmakeeverythingunderstandableforstudents66．Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A．Mathe

wEffectinLanguageLearningB．HowtoStoptheDropinVerbalScoresC．TrytoUnderstandtheMainIdeaD．Don’tOverestima

teYourVerbalScores【答案】63．D64．C65．A66．B【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是高中生语言能力急剧下降的原因以及应对的措施。63．细节理解题。根据首段中的“Thisisveryworrisome,becausethebest

singlemeasureoftheoverallqualityofourprimaryandsecondaryschoolsistheaverageverbal(语言的)scoreof17-year-olds.Thisscorecorrelateswith

theabilitytolearnnewthingsreadily,tocommunicatewithothersandtosecureajob.(这是非常令人担忧的，因为衡量我们中小学整体质量的最佳单一指标是17岁学生的平均语

言成绩。这个分数与学习新事物的能力、与他人沟通的能力以及获得工作的能力有关。)”可知，这一分数是衡量中小学整体质量的单一指标，而这一分数与学生的学习能力，沟通能力以及获取工作的能力相关，由此可知，之所以担忧是因为学生的阅读能力直接影响了学生未来的发展。故选D项。64．细节理解题。根据

第二段中的“Themostcredibleanalyseshaveshownthatthechiefcausesarevastcurricularchanges,especiallyinthecriticalearlygrades.InthedecadesbeforetheGreatV

erbalDecline,acontent-richelementaryschoolexperienceevolvedintoacontent-light,skills-based,test-centeredapproach.(最可信的

分析表明，主要原因是课程的巨大变化，特别是在关键的早期年级。在“语言大衰退”之前的几十年里，内容丰富的小学经历演变成了内容少、以技能为基础、以考试为中心的方法。)”可知，语言能力下降的原因是在关键的早起年级课程发生巨大变化，课程内容减少

，转变为以技能为基础，以考试为中心。故选C项。65．推理判断题。根据第四段中的“TheMatthewEffectinlanguagecanberestatedthisway:“Tothosewhounderstandthemainideashallbegiven

newwordmeanings,buttothosewhodonotthereshallfollowboredomandfrustration.”(语言中的马太效应可以这样重述:“对于那些理解主旨的人，应该给予新的单词含义，但对于那些不理解的人，则会感到无聊和沮丧。”。)”可知，马太

效应讲述的是理解主要思想的人被赋予新的单词含义，对于不理解的人来说，会感到无聊和沮丧，由此可推断，需要对儿童内容的理解。故选A项。66．主旨大意题。根据首段中的“Thelatestbadbutunsurprisi

ngnewsoneducationisthatreadingandwritingscoresontheSAThaveonceagaindeclined.Thelanguagecompetenceofourhighschoolersfellsteeply

inthe1970sandhasneverrecovered.(关于教育的最新坏消息是，SAT的阅读和写作分数再次下降，但这并不令人意外。我们高中生的语言能力在20世纪70年代急剧下降，并且从未恢复。)”可知，高中生的语言能力自20世纪70年代急剧下滑且从未恢复，进而在下文中分析了产生这一

结果的原因，结合尾段中“Currentreformstrategiesfocusontesting,improvingteacherquality,andotherchanges.Attentiontothesestructuralissueshasl

edtoimprovementsinthebestpublicschools.Butitisnotenough.(目前的改革策略集中在考试、提高教师素质等方面。对这些结构性问题的关注导致了最好的公立学校的改进。但这还不够。)”可知，就此现象，已经有了一

些教育改革策略并得到了一定的改善，但仍是远远不够的，由此可知，本文主要讲述的是语言能力下滑以及采取的相应的策略，所以题目为“如何止住语言分数下降”与本文内容吻合，且概括全文的主题。故选B项。SectionCDirections:Completethefollowingpassa

gebyusingthesentencesintheboxEachsentencecanonlybeusedonce.Notethattherearetwosentencesmorethanyouneed.（2023·上海

·卢湾高级中学校考三模）LessonsfromCommencementSpeechesAsabusinessowner,youprobablydon’tlooktocollegecommencementspeechesasasourc

eofinspirationwhenyou’refeelingfrustratedordefeated—butyoushould.Herearethreeuniversitycommencementspeechesdeliveredbysuccessfulindivi

dualsfromavarietyoffields.67.1.Getcomfortablewithchange/JimmyIovine,USC,2014Musicmogul(大亨)JimmyIovine’smainadviceistogetcomforta

blewithchangeandthefearthatcomeswithit.Inhisspeech,Iovineexplainsthathelearnedhisgreatestlifelessonwhenhere

alizedthesuccessfulrecordcompany,hebuiltcouldn’tcompetewiththenewindustrymodelofdownloadingfreemusic.Hehadachoice:getonboard

orgetleftbehind.68.2.Buildbusinessesthatdogood/BillGates,HarvardUniversity,2007BillGates,founderofMicrosoft,usesthisspeechtoposeaquestionheaskshim

self:Howcanyoudothemostgoodforthegreatestamountofpeoplewiththeresourcesyouhave?Foryears,Gateswasunawareofthemillionsofpeoplearoun

dtheworldlivinginpovertyandbattlingdiseases.Onceherealizedhecouldhelp,hechangedhisapproachtobusiness.Pursuinginnovationandadvan

cementisimportant.69GatestellsHarvard,“Humanity’sgreatestadvancesarenotinitsdiscoveries—butinhowthosediscoveriesareappliedtoreduceinequity.”.3

.Spendlesstimedreamingandmoretimedoing/ShondaRhimes,Dartmouth,2014Ifyoufeelbeatenbythedreamsyouhaveforyourbusiness,thisspeechwillset

youstraight.AuthorandTVshowproducerShondaRhimestellstheDartmouthgraduates,“Whilesomearebusydreaming,thereallyhappype

ople,thereallysuccessfulpeople,thereallyinteresting,engaged,powerfulpeople,arebusydoing.”70Youdon’tevenneedtoknowex

actlywhatyouwanttodo.Rhimessaysthemostimportantthingistostayopentopossibilitiesandjuststartsomewhere.A．Dreamingisonlyeffectiveifyoufoll

owitupwithaction,whetheryou’rebrainstorminganewbusinessmodelorimagininghowtogrowyourcompany.B．Failureca

nbeadrivingforce:onethatfreesyoufromfearandencouragesyoutopursuewhatyouwantmost.C．Intoday’sfast-movingwor

ld,onewithgreattechnologicaladvancementsandculturalshiftsstillneedstobepreparedtolearn,adapt,andstart

overifnecessary.D．It’smoreimportanttodevelopcreativebusinessmodelsthatturnprofitsandsolveproblems.E．Theonlywaytobetrulys

atisfiedistodowhatyoubelieveisgreatwork.F．Theirwordsareguaranteedtomotivateyoutothinkcriticallyaboutyourbusiness.【答案】67．F68．C69．D

70．A【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章是来自不同领域的成功人士发表的三篇大学毕业典礼演讲。67．空前说“Herearethreeuniversitycommencementspeechesdeliveredbysuccess

fulindividualsfromavarietyoffields.(以下是来自不同领域的成功人士发表的三篇大学毕业典礼演讲)”，空格处应该说明看这些演讲的好处，F选项“Theirwordsareguaranteedtomotivateyo

utothinkcriticallyaboutyourbusiness.(他们的话一定会激励你批判性地思考你的业务)”是对演讲里的话的好处的评价，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选F。68．空前说“Musicmogul(大亨)J

immyIovine’smainadviceistogetcomfortablewithchangeandthefearthatcomeswithit.Inhisspeech,Iovineexplainsthathelearnedhisgreatestlifel

essonwhenherealizedthesuccessfulrecordcompany,hebuiltcouldn’tcompetewiththenewindustrymodelofdownloadingfreemusic.He

hadachoice:getonboardorgetleftbehind.(音乐大亨JimmyIovine的主要建议是适应变化和随之而来的恐惧。在他的演讲中，Iovine解释说，当他意识到他建立的成功的唱片公司无法与免费下载音乐的

新行业模式竞争时，他学到了人生中最重要的一课。他有一个选择:要么加入，要么被抛在后面)”说明Iovine认为要适应变化，学习新的东西，C选项“Intoday’sfast-movingworld,onewithgreattechnologicaladvancementsan

dculturalshiftsstillneedstobepreparedtolearn,adapt,andstartoverifnecessary.(在当今快速发展的世界中，一个拥有巨大技术进步和文化转变的人仍然需要准备好学习、适应，并在必要时重新开始)”强

调了要学习，适应变化，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选C。69．空前说“Onceherealizedhecouldhelp,hechangedhisapproachtobusiness.Pursuinginnovationandadvancementisimportant

.(当他意识到自己可以提供帮助时，他改变了自己的经营方式。创新进取是重要的)”，空格处承接上文，应该对他的改变和创新进行进一步的描述，D选项“It’smoreimportanttodevelopcreativebusines

smodelsthatturnprofitsandsolveproblems.(更重要的是开发出能够带来利润和解决问题的创造性商业模式)”强调了开发和创造，且其中的“It’smoreimportant”和前面的important构成递

进，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选D。70．空前说“Whilesomearebusydreaming,thereallyhappypeople,thereallysuccessfulpeople,thereallyinteresting,engaged,powe

rfulpeople,arebusydoing.(当有些人忙于做梦时，真正快乐的人，真正成功的人，真正有趣的人，真正投入的人，真正强大的人，都在忙着做事情)”，说明不能光做梦，要行动，A选项“Dreamingisonlyeffectiveifyoufol

lowitupwithaction,whetheryou’rebrainstorminganewbusinessmodelorimagininghowtogrowyourcompany.(无论你是在头脑风暴一个新的商业模式，还是在设想如何发展你的公司，做梦只有在你采取行动

的时候才会有效)”说明了不能光做梦，得行动，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选A。IV.SummaryWritingDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaa

ndthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.（2023·上海徐汇·统考二模）IsBanningSingle-usePlastictheRightOption?Theha

rmfuleffectsofusingplasticarebecomingincreasinglyapparent.Plasticdoesnotdecompose,butbreaksdownintosmallerandsmallerpart

icles.Itthreatensournatureaswellasourhealth.Onepopularsolutiontotheproblemistoprohibitsingle-useplastics.IntheUK,sup

ermarketsarebeingencouragedtosetupplastic-freeaisles,inwhichthefoodisdisplayedloose,andshoppersareencouragedtomakemoreenvironmentally-friendlychoices

inpackingandtransportingtheirfood.Suchplansarewell-intentioned,butitmaynotbebeneficialtoeliminate(清除)theuseofsingle-useplasticalto

gether.Oneofthefieldswheresingle-useplastichasavitalroleisthefoodindustry.Whenfoodorfreshgoodsarepackedinplastic,theyareprotectedandpreserved,helpi

ngthemremainfresherandkeepingthemfromspoiling.Single-useplasticisalsocrucialinthemedicalindustry.Thisisno

tjustbecauseofitslowcost.Ithelpstopreventthespreadofinfectionandthatisthebiggestbenefitofthematerialinthemedicalfield.Replacingpl

asticwithothermaterialsisneithersimplenorstraightforward,mainlyduetothechallengeoffindinganalternativethatcomb

inesallthemostdesirableplasticproperties.Forexample,glassproductsareapotentialalternative,butcleaningthemwouldbeextremelyexp

ensivewhileincreasingtherisktohealth.Anotherissueisthatalternativematerialstoplasticareoftenmoreenvironmentallyharmfulthanplastic.T

akepaperbags,forexample.ResearchbytheNorthernIrelandAssemblyshowsfourtimesmoreenergyisrequiredtomanufactureapaperbagthanaplasticbag.Ifpeople

respondbysimplyusingothermaterials,abanonsingle-useplasticcanendupmakingtheproblemworse.Clearlythereisan

eedtoreduceplasticwasteanditsimpactontheenvironment.However,simplybanningtheirsingleusemaynotbethebestoption.____

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__________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】参考答案Plasticwasteca

ncausegreatharmtobothnatureandourhealth.Banningsingle-useplastic,althoughwell-intentioned,isnotthebestsolution,becaus

esingle-useplasticiswidelyusedinfoodandmedicalindustrytoensuresafetyandsavemoney.Besides,thealternativematerialsm

aynothavethedesirableproperties,andcancausemoreharmtotheenvironment.(57words)【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了塑料垃圾会对自然和我们的健康造成很大的危害。禁止使用一次性塑料，虽然是出于

好意，但并不是最好的解决方案。替代材料可能没有理想的性能，并可能对环境造成更大的危害。【详解】1要点摘录①Theharmfuleffectsofusingplasticarebecomingincreasinglyappare

nt.Itthreatensournatureaswellasourhealth.②Onepopularsolutiontotheproblemistoprohibitsingle-useplastics.③Suchplans

arewell-intentioned,butitmaynotbebeneficialtoeliminate(清除)theuseofsingle-useplasticaltogether.④Oneofthefields

wheresingle-useplastichasavitalroleisthefoodindustry.Single-useplasticisalsocrucialinthemedicalindustry.Thisisnotjustbecauseofitslowcost.⑤Ifpeopler

espondbysimplyusingothermaterials,abanonsingle-useplasticcanendupmakingtheproblemworse.⑥However,simplybanningtheirsingleusemaynotbethebestopt

ion.2.缜密构思将第1要点单独概括，将2、3、4三个要点进行重组，将第5、6两个要点进行整合。3.遣词造句Plasticwastecancausegreatharmtobothnatureandour

health.Banningsingle-useplastic,althoughwell-intentioned,isnotthebestsolution,becausesingle-useplasticiswidelyused

infoodandmedicalindustrytoensuresafetyandsavemoney.Besides,thealternativematerialsmaynothavethedesirableproperties,andcancausemore

harmtotheenvironment.【点睛】[高分句型1]Banningsingle-useplastic,althoughwell-intentioned,isnotthebestsolution,becausesingle-useplasticiswidely

usedinfoodandmedicalindustrytoensuresafetyandsavemoney.运用一个复杂的主从复合句对原文第一段后半部分和第二段进行了概括。其中省略的although引导的让步状语从句和because引导的原因状语从句表达非常高

级。[高分句型2]：Besides,thealternativematerialsmaynothavethedesirableproperties,andcancausemoreharmtotheenvironment.用文章纽带连接副词Besides对第三段和第四段进行了概括，运用了并列连词

and连接谓语，表达高级。V.Translation(共15分。第1小题和第2小题,每题3分;第3题4分;第4题5分。)Directions:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiven

inthebrackets72．（2023·上海·上海市民办文绮中学校考三模）对于一个潜心科学研究的大学生来说，没有什么比看到实验成功更加鼓舞人心的了。（than）（汉译英）【答案】Foracollege

studentwhoisdedicatedtoscientificresearch,thereisnothingmoreinspiringthanseeingasuccessfulexperiment.【详解】考查时态、定语从句、形容词比较级

和名词。根据句意可知，句子陈述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，“For”表示“对于”，句首单词首字母大写，“acollegestudent”表示“一个大学生”，后接“who”引导的限制性定语从句，“beded

icatedtodosth.”意为“致力于做某事”，“whoisdedicatedtoscientificresearch”表示“潜心科学研究的”，“inspiring”意为“鼓舞人心的”，“thereisnothingmoreinspiringthan…”表示“没有什么比……

更加鼓舞人心的了”，后接动名词作宾语，“seeingasuccessfulexperiment”表示“看到实验成功”，“thereisnothingmoreinspiringthanseeingasuccessfulexperiment”表示“没有什么比看到实验成功更加鼓舞

人心的了”。故翻译为Foracollegestudentwhoisdedicatedtoscientificresearch,thereisnothingmoreinspiringthanseeingasuccessfulexpe

riment.73．（2023·上海·上海市民办文绮中学校考三模）如果所有用过的食物包装都被回收再利用会如何呢？(What)(汉译英)【答案】Whatifalltheusedfoodpackagingisrecycled?【详解】考查固定句型。句子描述一般性事实，应用一般现在时。“如

果……会如何？”为固定用法whatif，“所有用过的食物包装”为alltheusedfoodpackaging，为不可数名词，“回收再利用”为动词recycle，和主语是被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态。故翻译为Whatifalltheusedfoodpackag

ingisrecycled?74.（2023·上海·上海市建平中学校考三模）这款应用软件无需消费者下载音乐便可享受音乐，自发布以来已经占据了市场的半壁江山。(without)（汉译英）【答案】TheApp/application,whichmakesitpossible

forconsumerstoenjoymusicwithoutdownloadingit,hastaken/madeuphalfofthemarketsharesinceitwasreleased.TheApp/applicationenabl

esconsumerstoenjoymusicwithoutdownloadingit,andithasaccountedforhalfofthemarketsharesinceitsrelease.【详解】考查动

词、介词以及并列句。根据句意，根据描述的为当前的客观情况，所以主时态应为现在时态，表示“这款应用软件”为theApp或者application作主语，位于句首，首字母需大写；表示“使消费者可以享受音乐”应为enableconsumerstoenjoymusic，句子

主语为第三人称单数，所以谓语动词应使用单数，表示“无需下载”应为withoutdownloadingit，所以前半句译为TheApp/applicationenablesconsumerstoenjoymusicwithoutdownloadi

ngit；根据句意，后半句的主语与前半句一致，所以使用it代替作主语；表示“自发布以来”应为sinceitsrelease作时间状语置于句尾；后半句的谓语动词表示“占据了”应为accountfor，根据时间状语sinceitsrelease可知，应使用现在完成时，且句子主语是第三人称

单数，故谓语应为hasaccountedfor；表示“市场的半壁江山”应为halfofthemarketshare作宾语；所以后半句应译为ithasaccountedforhalfofthemarketsharesinceitsrelease.；根据句意可知，前后两个半句之间为并列关系，所以使用a

nd连接。故翻译为TheApp/applicationenablesconsumerstoenjoymusicwithoutdownloadingit,andithasaccountedforhalfofthemarketsharesinceitsrelease.75．（2023·上

海普陀·统考二模）《春晓》是唐代诗人孟浩然所作，语言平易浅近，抒发了诗人热爱春天、珍惜春光的美好心情。(whose)(汉译英)【答案】“SpringDawn”waswrittenintheTangDynastybythepoetnamedMengHaoran,whosepoemwas

characterizedbytheuseofsimplelanguageandexpressionstoshowhisloveandappreciationforspring.【详解】考查过去分词作后置定语、whose引导的非限制性定语从句和一般过去时的被动语态。“《春晓》是唐代

诗人孟浩然所作”的英文表达是“SpringDawnwaswrittenintheTangDynastybythepoetnamedMengHaoran，”其中谓语动词是一般过去时的被动语态waswritten，过去分词named是后置定语；“语言平易浅近”的英文表达是

whosepoemwascharacterizedbytheuseofsimplelanguage，其中MengHaoran作先行词，在后面的非限制性定语从句中作定语，从句由关系代词whose引导（在从句中作定语），从句的谓语动词是一般过去时的被动语态wascharacterizedby（以……为

特征）；“抒发了诗人热爱春天、珍惜春光的美好心情”的英文表达是expressionstoshowhisloveandappreciationforspring，其中动词不定式作后置定语，由and连接theuseofsimplelang

uage和expressions并列作by的宾语，故答案为“SpringDawn”waswrittenintheTangDynastybythepoetnamedMengHaoran,whosepoem

wascharacterizedbytheuseofsimplelanguageandexpressionstoshowhisloveandappreciationforspring.VI.GuidedWriting(共25分)Dire

ctions:WriteanEnglishcompositionin120-150wordsaccordingtotheinstructionsgivenbelowinChinese（2023·上海普陀·统考二模）假设你是明启中学高三学生

李明，最近学生会对本校全体学生进行了一项关于“博物馆免费开放政策”的问卷调查，结果如下表所示，写一篇调查报告，内容须包括：1)对调查结果的简单描述;2)对数据的原因分析;3)你的看法。1博物馆免费情况下会考虑67.86%2免费才去3.57%3持无所谓态度28.57%_______

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_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Recently,Iconductedaquest

ionnairesurveyonthe"freeadmissionpolicyofmuseums"amongseniorhighschoolstudents.Asisshowninthepicture,67.86%ofstudent

swouldconsidermuseumsfreeofcharge,whichreallysurprisesme.3.57%ofstudentswentforfree.28.57%holdtheindifferentattitude.Butw

hataccountsforthehugegapbetweenstudents?Inmyopinion,67.86%ofthestudentsmayliketostudybutthefamilyconditionsarenotgood,thereisnosuchexp

enditure,sotheywillconsiderfreeofcharge.3.57%ofstudentsarenotinterestedinmuseumsbecausetheydonotlovestudyin

g,soitisfreeforthemtogo.However,28.57%ofthestudentsareindifferentbecausetheirfamilyconditionsaregoodandtheyliketogotomuseumstoincreasetheir

knowledge.Theywillgothereanyway.Personally,undertheconditionoffree,studentsshouldvisitthereregularlytolearnsomeextracurricularknowledge,which

willbeofgreathelptoenrichtheirexperience,broadenourknowledgeandmakeusaknowledgeableperson.【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。

假设你是明启中学高三学生李明，最近学生会对本校全体学生进行了一项关于“博物馆免费开放政策”的问卷调查，结果如下表所示，写一篇调查报告，内容须包括：对调查结果的简单描述；对数据的原因分析；你的看法。【详解】1.词汇积累免费：freeofcharge→forfree→

fornothing有益的：beofgreathelp→behelpful就个人而言：personally→inone’sopinion拓宽：broaden→widen2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Recent

ly,Iconductedaquestionnairesurveyonthe“freeadmissionpolicyofmuseums”amongseniorhighschoolstudents.拓展句：Recently,Iconductedaquestio

nnairesurveywhichisonthe“freeadmissionpolicyofmuseums”amongseniorhighschoolstudents.【点睛】【高分句型1】Asisshowninthepicture,67.86%ofstudentswouldconside

rmuseumsfreeofcharge,whichreallysurprisesme.（运用了as和which引导的非限制性定语从句）【高分句型2】However,28.57%ofthestudentsareindiffere

ntbecausetheirfamilyconditionsaregoodandtheyliketogotomuseumstoincreasetheirknowledge.（运用了because引导的原

因状语从句）