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练习39语法填空＋阅读理解Ⅰ.语法填空2022·河北邢台联考说明文234词★★★☆☆Chinahasuncoveredanewhigh­speedbullettrain1.________(design)forextremelycoldclimates.TheCR400AF

­Gtraincanoperateatspeedsofupto350kilometersperhour(217mph)intemperaturesaslowas－40℃.ItispartoftheFuxingseri

esofhigh­speedelectrictrainsdeveloped2.________operatedbythestate­ownedChinaStateRailwayGroupCompany,Ltd.Thetrain,rolledoutinBeijing

onJanuary6,willrunonanewhigh­speedline3.________(connect)thecapitalwithnortheasterndestinationsincludingShenyangandHarbin—thelatterofwhichisfamousfo

r4.________(it)annualsnowandicefestival.Thetrainalso5.________(feature)astreamlinedlow­resistancedesigntohelpdecreaseenergyconsumpti

on,andalightweightbody.Inareport6.________thestate­ownednewspaperChinaDaily,ZhouSong,directoroftheChinaRai

lwayBeijingGroup'sbullettraincenterinChaoyangdistrict,offeredananalogy(类比)toexplainthenewtrain'sbrakingsystem,“IfthetrainstopsinHarbin,oneo

fChina's7.________(cold)cities,foranhour,becauseoftheextremelycoldweather,thebrakingsystemcan8._______

_(easy)freezeifitstopsmovingforawhile.Thenewsystemwillenablethebrakestomovefromtimetotimeevenifthetrainstops,li

keapersonwhostampshisfeet9.________(keep)warmincoldweather.”Today,Chinaishometotheworld'slargesthigh­speedrailnetwork,10.________spreadsove

r37，000kilometers.Ⅱ.阅读理解A2021·全国乙卷说明文325词★★★★☆Duringaninterviewforoneofmybooks,myinterviewersaidsometh

ingIstillthinkaboutoften.Annoyedbythelevelofdistraction(干扰)inhisopenoffice,hesaid,“That'swhyIhaveamembershipatthecoworkingspaceacrossthestreet—soIc

anfocus.”Hiscommentstruckmeasstrange.Afterall,coworkingspacesalsotypicallyuseanopenofficelayout(布局).ButIrecent

lycameacrossastudythatshowswhyhisapproachworks.Theresearchersexaminedvariouslevelsofnoiseonparticipantsastheycompletedtestsofcreat

ivethinking.Theywererandomlydividedintofourgroupsandexposedtovariousnoiselevelsinthebackground,fromtotalsilenceto50decibels(

分贝),70decibels,and85decibels.Thedifferencesbetweenmostofthegroupswerestatisticallyinsignificant;however，theparticipa

ntsinthe70decibelsgroup—thoseexposedtoalevelofnoisesimilartobackgroundchatterinacoffeeshop—significantlyoutperformedtheothergroups.Sincetheeffectswer

esmall,thismaysuggestthatourcreativethinkingdoesnotdifferthatmuchinresponsetototalsilenceand85decibelsofbackgroundnoise.Butsincetheresultsat70

decibelsweresignificant,thestudyalsosuggeststhattherightlevelofbackgroundnoise—nottooloudandnottotalsilence—ma

yactuallyimproveone'screativethinkingability.Therightlevelofbackgroundnoisemayinterruptournormalpatternsofthinkingjusteno

ughtoallowourimaginationstowander,withoutmakingitimpossibletofocus.Thiskindof“distractedfocus”appearstobethebeststateforw

orkingoncreativetasks.Sowhydosomanyofushateouropenoffices?Theproblemmaybethat,inouroffices,wecan'tstopo

urselvesfromgettingdrawnintoothers'conversationswhilewe'retryingtofocus.Indeed,theresearchersfoundth

atface­to­faceinteractionsandconversationsaffectthecreativeprocess,andyetacoworkingspaceoracoffeeshopprovidesacertainlevelofnoisewhileals

oprovidingfreedomfrominterruptions.1．Whydoestheinterviewerpreferacoworkingspace?A．Ithelpshimconcentrate.B．Itblocksoutbackgr

oundnoise.C．Ithasapleasantatmosphere.D．Itencouragesface­to­faceinteractions.2．Whichlevelofbackgroundnoisemay

promotecreativethinkingability?A．Totalsilence.B．50decibels.C．70decibels.D．85decibels.3．Whatmakesanopenofficeunwelcometomanypeople?A．

Personalprivacyunprotected.B．Limitedworkingspace.C．Restrictionsongroupdiscussion.D．Constantinterruptions.4．Whatcanweinfe

rabouttheauthorfromthetext?A．He'sanewsreporter.B．He'sanofficemanager.C．He'saprofessionaldesigner.D．He'sapublishedwriter.B2022·湖北七校联考议论文3

25词★★★☆☆Standinginmyoffice25yearsagowasanunknown,newlyrisingastronomerwithahalf­smileonherface.Shehadcomewithademandtha

tmyteamchangeourtestedsoftwaretomakeoneofourmostimportantandin­demandscientificinstrumentsdosomethingithadneverbeendesignedfor,andriskbreakingi

tdown.Alltocarryoutanexperimentthatwasbasicallyawasteoftimeandcouldn'tbedone—toprovethatamassiveblackholehidatthecenterofour

MilkyWay.Myinitial“noway”graduallygavewayinthefaceofhercheerfulbutfirmdetermination.Itwasmyfirstencounterwithaforceofnature,AndreaG

hez,oneofthreewinnersoftheNobelPrizeforPhysicsin2020.Thatdeterminationandthewillingnesstotakecalculatedriskshasalwayscharacterized

Andrea.For25yearsshehasfocusedalmostonlyonSagittariusA—thenameofourownlocalsupermassiveblackhole.AndAndreaisoneofthegreatpioneersinthissearch

withoutquestion.AndreadidherworkattheW．M.KeckObservatory'stwintelescopesonMaunakea,Hawaii.Shestartedusingthe

veryfirstinstrumentlicensedonKeckObservatory'sNearInfraredCamera(NIRC).NIRCwasneverdesignedtodowhatAndreaneed

edbutshewasnottobedenied.Anditworked!Itwasextremelyhardandtime­consumingtomakesenseofthedata,butAndreapersisted.AsAndreawouldbetheveryfirsttoa

cknowledge,thisvictoryrepresentsthecombinedeffortsofsomany.Butactuallyonepersonhadtheideafortheresearch.Onepersonhadthechutzpah(无所顾忌)to

proposeitandonepersonhadthedeterminationandfocustomakeithappen,notdiscouragedbyallwhosaiditwasawasteoftime.ThatpersonisAndreaGhez,winnerof

the2020NobelPrizeforPhysics.5．WhatdidtheauthorthinkofAndreaGhez'srequestatfirst?A．It'sdemanding.B．It's

interesting.C．It'sacceptable.D．It'smeaningless.6．WhatdowelearnaboutAndreaGhez'sresearchfromParagraph2

?A．Ittakesdecadesofefforts.B．Itdealswithpowerofnature.C．It'sapurelyindividualproject.D．It'saboutmeasurementofahole.7．Whichofth

efollowingbestdescribesAndreaGhez'sworkinHawaii?A．Dangerous.B．Pleasant.C．Challenging.D．Fruitless.8．WhatdowelearnfromAndreaGhez'ssuccess?A．Itisre

wardingtocooperate.B．Theoldmethodsstillworktoday.C．Itpaystoputtheoryintopractice.D．Persistenceleadstosucces

s.答题策略语法填空——名词名词题的解题步骤例题Chengduhasdozensofnewmillionaires,Asia'sbiggestbuilding,andfancynewhotels.Butfo

rtouristslikeme,pandasareitstop________(attract)．步骤①根据空白处所填词在句中的成分或作定语的限定词判断是否该填名词(多考查名词在句中作主语、宾语、表语，名词还可以作同位

语、宾语补足语和状语)②结合句意确定选择何种名词形式③确定名词的数答案attraction所填词在句中作表语，并且有物主代词its修饰，故应用其名词形式。结合句意，应填attraction