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练习39语法填空＋阅读理解Ⅰ.语法填空2022·河北邢台联考说明文234词★★★☆☆Chinahasuncoveredanewhigh­speedbullettrain1.________(design)forextremely

coldclimates.TheCR400AF­Gtraincanoperateatspeedsofupto350kilometersperhour(217mph)intemperaturesaslowas－40℃.ItispartoftheFuxingseries

ofhigh­speedelectrictrainsdeveloped2.________operatedbythestate­ownedChinaStateRailwayGroupCompany,Ltd.

Thetrain,rolledoutinBeijingonJanuary6,willrunonanewhigh­speedline3.________(connect)thecapitalwithnortheasterndestinationsincludingSh

enyangandHarbin—thelatterofwhichisfamousfor4.________(it)annualsnowandicefestival.Thetrainalso5.________

(feature)astreamlinedlow­resistancedesigntohelpdecreaseenergyconsumption,andalightweightbody.Inareport6.

________thestate­ownednewspaperChinaDaily,ZhouSong,directoroftheChinaRailwayBeijingGroup'sbullettraincen

terinChaoyangdistrict,offeredananalogy(类比)toexplainthenewtrain'sbrakingsystem,“IfthetrainstopsinHarbin,oneofChina's7.________(cold)cities,fora

nhour,becauseoftheextremelycoldweather,thebrakingsystemcan8.________(easy)freezeifitstopsmovingforawhile.Thenewsystemwillenablethebra

kestomovefromtimetotimeevenifthetrainstops,likeapersonwhostampshisfeet9.________(keep)warmincoldweather.”To

day,Chinaishometotheworld'slargesthigh­speedrailnetwork,10.________spreadsover37，000kilometers.Ⅱ.阅读理解A2021·全国乙卷说明文325词★★★★☆Du

ringaninterviewforoneofmybooks,myinterviewersaidsomethingIstillthinkaboutoften.Annoyedbythelevelofdistraction(干扰)inhisopenoffice,he

said,“That'swhyIhaveamembershipatthecoworkingspaceacrossthestreet—soIcanfocus.”Hiscommentstruckmeasstrange.Afterall,co

workingspacesalsotypicallyuseanopenofficelayout(布局).ButIrecentlycameacrossastudythatshowswhyhisapproachworks.Theresearchersexami

nedvariouslevelsofnoiseonparticipantsastheycompletedtestsofcreativethinking.Theywererandomlydividedin

tofourgroupsandexposedtovariousnoiselevelsinthebackground,fromtotalsilenceto50decibels(分贝),70decibels,and85decibel

s.Thedifferencesbetweenmostofthegroupswerestatisticallyinsignificant;however，theparticipantsinthe70decibelsgroup—thoseexposedtoalevelofnoises

imilartobackgroundchatterinacoffeeshop—significantlyoutperformedtheothergroups.Sincetheeffectsweresmall,thismaysuggestthatourcreativethinkingdoesnotd

ifferthatmuchinresponsetototalsilenceand85decibelsofbackgroundnoise.Butsincetheresultsat70decibelsweresignif

icant,thestudyalsosuggeststhattherightlevelofbackgroundnoise—nottooloudandnottotalsilence—mayactuallyimproveone'screativethinkingability.Th

erightlevelofbackgroundnoisemayinterruptournormalpatternsofthinkingjustenoughtoallowourimaginationstowa

nder,withoutmakingitimpossibletofocus.Thiskindof“distractedfocus”appearstobethebeststateforworkingoncreativetasks.Sowhydosomanyofusha

teouropenoffices?Theproblemmaybethat,inouroffices,wecan'tstopourselvesfromgettingdrawnintoothers'conversationsw

hilewe'retryingtofocus.Indeed,theresearchersfoundthatface­to­faceinteractionsandconversationsaffectthecreativeprocess,andyetacoworkingspaceoraco

ffeeshopprovidesacertainlevelofnoisewhilealsoprovidingfreedomfrominterruptions.1．Whydoestheinterviewerpreferacoworkingspace

?A．Ithelpshimconcentrate.B．Itblocksoutbackgroundnoise.C．Ithasapleasantatmosphere.D．Itencouragesface­to­faceint

eractions.2．Whichlevelofbackgroundnoisemaypromotecreativethinkingability?A．Totalsilence.B．50decibels.C．70decibels.D．85decibels.3．Whatmakesanopenof

ficeunwelcometomanypeople?A．Personalprivacyunprotected.B．Limitedworkingspace.C．Restrictionsongroupdiscussion.D．Con

stantinterruptions.4．Whatcanweinferabouttheauthorfromthetext?A．He'sanewsreporter.B．He'sanofficemanager.C．H

e'saprofessionaldesigner.D．He'sapublishedwriter.B2022·湖北七校联考议论文325词★★★☆☆Standinginmyoffice25yearsagowasanunknown,newlyrisingas

tronomerwithahalf­smileonherface.Shehadcomewithademandthatmyteamchangeourtestedsoftwaretomakeoneofourmostimportantandin­demands

cientificinstrumentsdosomethingithadneverbeendesignedfor,andriskbreakingitdown.Alltocarryoutanexperimentthatwasbasicallyawasteoftime

andcouldn'tbedone—toprovethatamassiveblackholehidatthecenterofourMilkyWay.Myinitial“noway”graduallygavewayinthefaceofhercheerfulbutfirmdeterm

ination.Itwasmyfirstencounterwithaforceofnature,AndreaGhez,oneofthreewinnersoftheNobelPrizeforPhysicsin2020.Thatdete

rminationandthewillingnesstotakecalculatedriskshasalwayscharacterizedAndrea.For25yearsshehasfocusedalmostonlyonSagittariusA—thenameofourownlocalsup

ermassiveblackhole.AndAndreaisoneofthegreatpioneersinthissearchwithoutquestion.AndreadidherworkattheW．M.KeckObservatory'stwintelescopeson

Maunakea,Hawaii.ShestartedusingtheveryfirstinstrumentlicensedonKeckObservatory'sNearInfraredCamera(NIRC).NIRCwasneverdesignedtodowhatAndreaneededbut

shewasnottobedenied.Anditworked!Itwasextremelyhardandtime­consumingtomakesenseofthedata,butAndreapersisted.AsAndreawou

ldbetheveryfirsttoacknowledge,thisvictoryrepresentsthecombinedeffortsofsomany.Butactuallyonepersonhadtheideafortheresearch.Onepersonhadth

echutzpah(无所顾忌)toproposeitandonepersonhadthedeterminationandfocustomakeithappen,notdiscouragedbyallwhosaiditwasawasteoftime.Thatpersonis

AndreaGhez,winnerofthe2020NobelPrizeforPhysics.5．WhatdidtheauthorthinkofAndreaGhez'srequestatfirst?A．It'sdemanding.B．It'sinteresti

ng.C．It'sacceptable.D．It'smeaningless.6．WhatdowelearnaboutAndreaGhez'sresearchfromParagraph2?A．Ittakesdecadesofefforts.B．Itdeals

withpowerofnature.C．It'sapurelyindividualproject.D．It'saboutmeasurementofahole.7．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesAndreaGhez'sworkin

Hawaii?A．Dangerous.B．Pleasant.C．Challenging.D．Fruitless.8．WhatdowelearnfromAndreaGhez'ssuccess?A．Itisrewardingtocooperate.B．Theoldmethod

sstillworktoday.C．Itpaystoputtheoryintopractice.D．Persistenceleadstosuccess.答题策略语法填空——名词名词题的解题步骤例题Chengduhasdozensofnewmillionaires,Asia'sbiggestbuil

ding,andfancynewhotels.Butfortouristslikeme,pandasareitstop________(attract)．步骤①根据空白处所填词在句中的成分或作定语的限定词判断是否该填名词(多考查名词在句中作主语、宾语、表语，名词还可以作同位语、宾语补足语和状语)

②结合句意确定选择何种名词形式③确定名词的数答案attraction所填词在句中作表语，并且有物主代词its修饰，故应用其名词形式。结合句意，应填attraction