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课时作业(三)Unit1SectionⅢExtendedreading&Project阅读理解ADoestheamountofcashinalostwalletinfluencehowlikelyapersonisto

returnit?Traditionaleconomictheoriessuggestthatthegreatertheattraction,thelesslikelywearetobehonest.Butanewstudyfoundaltruism(

利他主义),andthepowerfulhateforviewingoneselfasa“thief”aremoreimportantthanthefinancialattraction.Ateamofresearcherscarried

outahugeexperimentconcerning355citiesin40countries.Morethan17，000similarwalletsweredroppedatpublicplaces,eachcont

ainingagrocerylist,akey,andthreebusinesscardsinthelocallanguageusingmade­upnamesandanemailaddress.Somehadnomoneywhileotherscontainedtheeq

ualamountof$13.45.Accordingtotheresearch,peopleonaveragereturned40%ofwalletswithnomoneyinthembut51%withmoney.Italsoshowsextremedifferenc

esbetweencountries.Butalthoughratesofpeople'shonestyvariedgreatlyfromcountrytocountry,onethingremainedstillsimilar:Wallet

swithmoney,comparedtonomoney,raisedreportingrates.IntheUS,theUKandPoland,theyrepeatedtheexperimentwithevenmoremone

y:$94.15,whichincreasedreportingratesbyanaverageof11%comparedtothesmalleramount.Theyalsofoundthatputtingakeyincreasedreportingrates

by9.2%.Thefindings,whichrun__counter__toabasicprincipleofclassicaleconomics,suggesthonesty,altruismandtheself­imagecansometimesbemoreinfluenti

althaneconomicself­interest.Apurelyeconomicapproachtobehavioursuggestspeoplewouldkeepthewalletswiththelargeramountofmoneyduetotheincreasedfinancialr

eward,buteconomicsoftendoesn'texplainaperson'ssenseofhonestyorself­image,accordingtobehaviouralscientists.Altruismalsoinfluencedthefindings,ther

esearcherssaid.Sincethekeyisvaluabletotheownerbutnotthefinder,thispointedtowardsanaltruisticconcerninadditiontothecostofnegativelyupdatingone'sse

lf­image.1．TheauthormentionstraditionaleconomictheoriesinParagraph1inorderto________．A．introduceatopicB．attractreaders'intere

stC．addsomebackgroundinformationD．describesometraditionaltheories2．What'stheaveragereportingrateofawalletwith$94.15inside?A．11%.B．20.2%

.C．51%.D．62%.3．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“runcounterto”inParagraph5mean?A．Goagainst.B．Similarto.C．Agreewith

.D．Focuson.4．What'sthemainideaofthetext?A．Traditionaleconomictheorieshavealreadybeenold­fashioned.B．Peoplearemorelikel

ytoreturnalostwalletwithmorecash.C．Anexperimentdoneworldwideprovespeople'saltruism.D．Differentcountrieshavedifferentratesofpe

ople'shonesty.BTheotherdayonacoldnight,IleftmywifeanddrovefromHarrisburgtoLewisburg,adistanceofabout50miles.Itwasrathe

rlate.SeveraltimesIgotstuckbehindaslow­movingtruckonanarrowroadwithasolidwhitelineonmyleft,andIbecameincreasinglyimpatient.Atonepointalonganope

nroad,Icametoacrossingwithatrafficlight.Iwasaloneontheroad,butasIdrovenearthelight,itturnedredandImadeastop.Ilo

okedleft,rightandbehindme.Nothing.Notacarandnosuggestionofcarlamps,butthereIsat,waitingforthelighttoc

hange,theonlyhumanbeingwithinatleastamileinanydirection.IstartedwonderingwhyIrefusedtoruntheredlight.Iwasnot

afraidofbeingcaught,becausetherewasclearlynopolicemanaround,andtherecertainlywouldhavebeennodangeringoingthroughit.M

uchlaterthatnight,thequestionofwhyI'dstoppedforthatlightcamebacktome.IthinkIstoppedbecauseit'spartofacontract(契约)weallhavewitheach

other.It'snotonlyalawbutalsoanagreementwehave,andwetrusteachothertohonourit:Wedon'tgothroughredlights.Trustisourfirstinclination.Doubtingo

thersdoesnotseemtobenaturaltous.Thewholeconstructionofoursocietydependsonmutual(相互的)trust,notdistrust.Wedowhatwesaywe'lldo;weshowupwhenw

esaywe'llshowup;andwepaywhenwesaywe'llpay.Wetrusteachotherinthesematters,andwe'reangryordisappointedwiththepersonororganizationthatbrea

ksthetrustwehaveinthem.Iamsoproudofmyselfforstoppingfortheredlightthatnight.5．Howdoestheauthorfeelaboutthetruckdriver?A．Pleased.B．Satisfied.C．Sorry.D

．Annoyed.6．Whatcanweinferabouttheauthor?A．Hehatesdrivingatnight.B．Hedesiredtoruntheredlightthatnight.C．Heapprovesofobeyingtrafficrulesb

yhimself.D．Heiseasywhensufferingthetrafficjam.7．Whatisthemeaningoftheunderlinedword“inclination”inParagraph5?A．Tendenc

y.B．Faith.C．Adjustment.D．Guidance.8．Whatshouldwedotocreateabettersocietyaccordingtotheauthor?A．Bepolitetoothers.B．Impr

ovetrafficrules.C．Bepatientandhelpful.D．Trusteachother.CMyfatherloveshisgarden.Heplantedsomeseedsinit.Butatthattime,Ididn't

understandwhyworkinginthedirtexcitedhimsomuch.Unfortunately,inearlyMay,myfatherwasseriouslyinjuredinanacc

ident.Hehadtostayinbedforawhile.Mymotherhadseveralbusinesstrips,soshecouldn'ttakecareofthegarden.Ididn'twantmyfathertoworry,soIsaidthatIwouldta

kecareofhisgardenuntilherecovered.Iassumedthatthelittleplantswouldcontinuetogrowaslongastheyhadwater,andluc

kilyitrainedfairlyoften,soIdidn'tthinkmuchaboutthegarden.OneSaturdaymorning,myfathersaidtome,“Christine,thevegetablesshouldbeaboutreadytobep

icked.Let'shaveasaladtoday！”Iwentouttothegardenandwasupsettoseethatmanyofthelettuceleavesandcarrotshadbeenhalfeatenbybugs.Therewerehu

ndredsofbugsalloverthem!Ipanickedforamoment,butthenIquietlywenttotheneareststoretobuysomevegetables.WhenIgav

ethesaladtohim,hesaid,“Oh,Christine,whatabeautifulsalad!Ican'tbelievethecarrotsarethisbigalready.Youmust

betakingverygoodcareofmygarden.”Ifeltalittlebitguilty.Cominghome,mymothersawthebagfromthesupermarketinthekitche

n.Iwasembarrassed,andIadmittedDadwantedasaladbutthegardenwasadisaster.Ididn'twanttodisappointhimsoIwen

ttothestore.ShelaughedbutpromisedtohelpmeinthegardenandweekslaterIwasfinallyabletopicksomevegetables.Icarefullymadeasaladandtookittomyfather.Helook

edatitwithahintofasmile,“Christine,thecarrotsaresmallerinthissalad,buttheytastebetter.”Now,Ibetterunderstandhowputtingaloto

feffortintocaringforsomethingcanhelpyouappreciatetheresultsmore,howeversmalltheymaybe.Perhapsthiswasoneofthereasonsformyf

ather'sloveofgardening.9．WhydidChristineoriginallypromiseshewoulddothegardening?A．Shewasaskedbyherfatherto

doit.B．Shewasinterestedingrowingvegetables.C．Sheknewitwasimportanttoherfather.D．Shewantedtoimprovehergarde

ningskills.10．Whichofthefollowingwasaprobleminthegarden?A．Insectsdestroyedthelettuceandcarrots.B．Animalsoftendugholesinthegarden.C．Thepl

antsweregiventoomuchwater.D．Thevegetablesweremarkedincorrectly.11．WhycouldChristinesecretlyusethestore­bou

ghtvegetablestomakethesalad?A．Hermotherhelpedhertobuythevegetables.B.Hermotherregularlyhelpedhertomakeasalad.C．Herfathercouldn'tseetheprogr

essofthevegetablesinhisgarden.D．Herfatherwentonabusinesstripatthattime.12．WhatdidChristinelearnfromherexperienceofgardening?A．A

lwaysgetreadyforarainyday.B．Don'tbedisappointedbybugs.C．Workingaloneproducesresults.D．Hardworkcanoftenberewarding.