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学易金卷：2024年高考第一次模拟考试（天津卷02）英语（考试时间：100分钟试卷满分：130分）注意事项：1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题

卡上。2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分：英语知

识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1．Inallregions,womenlivelongerthanmen.However,social,culturalandeconomicfact

orscanthenaturaladvantageofwomencomparedtomen.A．challengeB．guaranteeC．confirmD．affect2．Ithinkyou’dbetteravoidtalkingaboutpoliti

cs,religionandother______topicswithhimifyouarenotclosefriends.A．sensitiveB．skepticalC．aggressiveD．attractive3．Thede

velopmentofnewmedia,________fromtheinternettodigitaltelevision，meansthatpeopleworkinginadvertisingwillhavetocomeupwithmorewaystocatchthepub

lic’sattention.A．rangesB．rangedC．torangeD．ranging4．TheNorthandSouthPolesrepresentsthefinalfrontiersofexplorationon

Earth,and________theyhavebecomeanstrongattractionforbothresearchersandtourists.A．inotherwordsB．asaconsequenceC．bythewayD．onthecontrary5

．ThepowerofCharlieChaplin’sworksisnotonlyinhisacting,butalsointhestoriesandcharactershe________.A．hadcreatedB．hascreatedC．crea

tedD．creates6．You________soslowly.Ijustneededafewsecondstogetusedtoyourvoice.A．shouldn’tspeakB．couldn’thavespokenC．don’thave

toD．needn’thavespoken7．Thewayweusealanguageisso________thatonecouldsaythereareasmanyvarietiesasspeakersofEnglish.A．individualB．common

C．exceptionalD．reliable8．---Hi,there.CanIhelpyouwithanythingtoday?---Oh,yes.________,I’dliketobuyapresentformy

niece’sbirthday.A．ExactlyB．SomehowC．ActuallyD．Definitely9．Tofightagainstglobalwarming,scientistsareworkingonenergy-savingmeasurestoredu

cefuel________.A．consumptionB．collectionC．commitmentD．distribution10．It’seleveno’clockalready.______you

watchthemovieatsuchalatehour?A．CanB．MustC．MayD．Shall11．______myhighschoollife,I’dliketogivethemostimportantadvice—tore

adthewonderfulworksfromthewriterMayaAngelou.A．AttachingsignificancetoB．LookingbackonC．TakingadvantageofD．Losingtrackof12．—Doyouknowanewshoppingmall

openedinourtownyesterday?—Yes.Whydon’twepayavisit______wehavetime?A．sinceB．thoughC．untilD．unless13．Therearesomechara

ctersinJaneAusten’sbooksin________livesaslightfallofsnowisanevent.A．herB．whomC．whoseD．their14．Althoughthetheoryhasbeendi

smissedbyscholars,itshows________powerfulthesecretsofAncientMayacivilizationareamongpeople.A．thatB．h

owC．whatD．whether15．—HereisaneweditionofCrazyEnglish.Doyouwanttolookatit?—!Letmeseeit.A．ByallmeansB．NotreallyC．MindyourownbusinessD．Che

erup第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AfterIwonmyfirstraceatfive,lifewasaboutwinningraces.Twokids,RayJa

ndGil,16that.OnedayinourfirstNASCAR(NationalAssociationofStockCarAutoRacing)season,myteammate,Rayhadtoleaveforhomebec

ausehissonRayJsuddenlydevelopedcancer.Hesaidsomethingabout17tomissworkforevenaday.“Forgetit,”Iinterrup

ted.“Your18comesfirst.”Thefollowingmonthswere19forRayJ,chemotherapy(化疗)andlongstaysinthehospital.Hewas

so20thathecouldbarelyplay.However,the21boyhadbeenfightingagainstillness.Ialwaysfacedchallengesbygoing22andpushingmyself

harder.Buthowcouldastock-cardriverlikememakeadifferencetothekid?Forthefirsttimeinmylifethe23didn’tseems

oimportant.Gilwasasix-year-oldboywithararebonedisease.Hisbonesweresoeasytobreakthatahugmight24oneofthem.Thatdayhewassittingina

wheelchair,assmallasathree-year-oldchild,andhislegsweregnarledandatrophied(扭曲萎缩).However,hehadabig25.Forfearofbreakinghisbonesint

opieces,Ididn’t26hishand.27,Iheldupmyhand.Hetoucheditandthenpulledhishandback.Hesmiledmorebrightly.Iwentdow

nonmy28andwetalked.HewasahugeNASCAR29.Hecouldn’tgooutsideand30,butwatchingtheracesandlearningeverythingaboutthedriversdi

stractedhimfromhis31“Iloveitwhenyouwin,Jeff.”Win.Thatwordagain.HadIeverthoughtmuchaboutwhatit32?WinningiswhatI’malwa

ysaimingfor.That’smyjob,andit’showI33myfamily.Butwinningismorethanjustcrossingthe34linefirst.Thetwokidsar

ethetrue35.16．A．recognizedB．achievedC．resignedD．changed17．A．hatingB．expectingC．failingD．refusing18．A．fe

eB．choiceC．familyD．attitude19．A．necessaryB．difficultC．absurdD．unforgettable20．A．hopelessB．desperateC．carefulD．weak21．A．ea

sy-goingB．strong-willedC．hard-workingD．absent-minded22．A．saferB．fasterC．widerD．harder23．A．problemB．possessionC．

raceD．adventure24．A．damageB．cureC．changeD．influence25．A．soundB．goalC．faceD．smile26．A．examineB．outstretchC．moveD．

shake27．A．InsteadB．GenerallyC．ObviouslyD．Furthermore28．A．legsB．feetC．kneesD．ankles29．A．fanB．expertC．competitorD．developer30．A．hol

donB．runaroundC．giveupD．breakthrough31．A．debtB．taskC．optimismD．pain32．A．meantB．broughtC．splitD．needed33．A．loveB．manageC．supportD．encourage34．A．strai

ghtB．finishC．startD．red35．A．losersB．cooperatorsC．winnersD．doctors第二部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AA

pplyingtostudyintheUKisastraightforwardprocessandwewillguideyouthroughitstepbystep.DecideonauniversityorcollegeandcourseComing

tostudyintheUKisyouropportunitytogaintheskills,outlookandconfidenceyouneedtofulfilyourpotential.Toensureyouchoosethecourse

thatisrightforyouandforwhatyouwanttoachieve,itisbesttoreadasmuchasyoucanabouttherangeofcourses,collegesandunive

rsitiesavailableandcomparethem.Itisalsoimportanttocheckthecourseentryrequirements.Youcandothisusingourcoursesea

rchtool,orthecourseprofilesontheinstitutions’websites.Ifyouhaveanyquestions,youcancontacttheuniversitydirectly,whowillbeveryhap

pytohelpyoufindtheinformationyouneed.RegisterandapplyApplyingforanundergraduatecourseintheUKissimple:thereisoneplacewhereyoucanregisterandapplyto

alloftheUKuniversitiesandcolleges—youregisterandapplythroughUCAS(UniversitiesandCollegesAdmissionsService).Postgraduatecour

sesintheUKhavetheirownspecificentryrequirementsandapplicationprocesses,sochecktheindividualcoursewebsitesforinstruc

tionsonhowtoapply.Clickheretofindoutmoreabouttheapplicationprocedure.AcceptyourofferYouruniversityorcollegewillcontactyou(usu

allyviaemail)totellyouwhetherornotyouhavereceivedanoffertostudy.IfyouappliedviaUCASit’seasytotrackthestatusofyourapplicationatanytim

e.Ifyouareacceptedwithanunconditionaloffer,thencongratulations!Youhaveaplaceandyoucanacceptstraightaway.Ifyouareacceptedwithacondi

tionaloffer,theplaceisyoursaslongasyoumeetafewextrarequirements.ThiscouldbeachievingcertainexamgradesorEnglishlanguage

testscores.PrepareforyourstayOnceyouhaveyourofferandyourvisa,it’stimetogetpacking!36．Whatisanecessaryrequirementforapplyi

ngtostudyintheUK?A．Fulfillingyourpotentialandskills.B．Meetingthecourseentryrequirements.C．Buildingconfidencetostudywell.D．Tak

ingrequiredcoursesinadvance.37．Morespecificinformationofthecoursesandcollegesisavailablefrom________.A．exploringthecourseprofilesB．usingthecoursese

archtoolC．phoningorwritingtotheuniversityD．searchingtheinstitutions’webs38．Applyingforpostgraduatecoursesrequires________.A．registe

ringatUCASfirstB．applyingthroughUCASC．contactingtheadmissionsserviceD．followingcourseinstructions39．Whatistheadvantageof

applyingthroughUCAS?A．Gettingupdateswheneveryouwant.B．Receivingthejobapplicationresulteasily.C．Emailingyoutheofferinformati

onquickly.D．Offeringyoustudyopportunityreadily.40．Ifyoureceiveaconditionaloffer,youwillhaveto________.A

．waitforthefinaldecisionB．fulfillsomeadditionalcriteriaC．takeupthepositionquicklyD．sitforfinalexamsagainBOnlyshockpreventedthetearsfromstr

eamingdownmyface.Mycellsweredead.AfterbeingacceptedintothecompetitiveStanfordInstitutesofMedicineSummerResearchProgram(SIMR),andspendi

ngapproximately170hoursofthepastmonthstudyinghumanembryonicstemcells(hESCs)(人胚胎干细胞),Iwasbacktosquareon—withonlyonemonthofmyinternship(实习)left.Ho

wintheworldwasIgoingtomakeupforlosttime?AsIaskedmyselfthequestion,IthoughtbacktoexactlyhowIhadspentthose170hoursworkingtodevelopthestemcells.Istar

tedmyinternshipalittleoverwhelmedbythecomplexequipmentinthelab.AfterIfamiliarizedmyselfwiththeequipment,Ibeganto

findthefunctionofPRDMI—agenethoughttocontrolreplication(复制)inhESCs.First,though,Ineededtomakeagrowthmedium(培养基)fortheh

ESCs.Ipainstakinglymeasuredtothetenmillionthofaliter,testingtheaccuracyofeachmeasurementmultipletimesbeforefinallyput

tingitintothemediumsolution.AfterIplatedthehESCsonmynewmedium,Iwaitedwithbatedbreathfortheresults.Tomyjoy,twodayslater,my

cellsweregrowingverywellandevenoutgrowingtheirnewhome.IsuccessfullycreatedhundredsofstablehESCs.Everythin

gseemedtobegoingsowell.Butnow....“Nancy,Iknowtakingthenewsthefirsttimecanbehard,butkeepinmind,youproba

blydidn'tdoanythingwrong.Youknowhowsensitivetheyare.Thissortofthingiscommonwhenworkingwithstemcells,”theprogramdirectorsaidgently.“Iknow

,”Isaid.“I’mreadytotryagain.”ThomasEdisonsaid.“Ourgreatestweaknessliesingivingup.Themostcertainwaytosucceedisalwaystotryjustonemoretime.41．What

doweknowabouttheauthorfromParagraph1?A．Shewasseriouslyillbecauseofacelldisease.B．Herinternshipwasshortenedforsomereason.C．Herresearchresu

ltdidn'treachherexpectation.D．Shecriedalotafternotaccomplishinghergoal.42．Howlongdidtheauthor’sinternshipremainwhenthecellsl

osttheirlives?A．Onemonth.B．Twomonths.C．Onehundredandseventyhours.D．Oneyear.43．Whatarethefeelingsexpressedintheunderlinedsentenc

e?A．Doubtandconfusion.B．Reliefandrelaxation.C．Anxietyandeagerness.D．Sadnessanddisappointment.44．Accordingtotheprogramdirector,whatisveryusualdur

ingreplicationinhESCs?A．Effortsmadeinvain.B．Cellsgrowingtoobig.C．Researchersgettinginjured.D．Mediumsolutionincorrectlymeasured.45．Whatdoestheauth

ortrytotellusthroughthisstory?A．Hardworkalwaysbringsgoodluck.B．Sticktohopeandnevergiveup.C．Thinktwicebeforeyouact.D．Nevermissamistake.CEveryyear

millionsofbreedingmonarchbutterfliesintheUSandsouthernCanadasearchformilkweedplantsonwhichtolaytheireggs.Concernoverde

creasinghabitathasurgedconservationiststocreatemonarch-friendlyspacesalongroadsides,whicharemorethanenough—withinthebutterflies’rangeandu

suallypubliclyowned.Buttrafficnoisestressesmonarchcaterpillarsout,anewstudyfinds.Theyeventuallydobeco

medesensitized(使不再敏感)toit—butthatmightcausetroubletothemlateron,too.Noisepollutionisknowntoaffectthelivesofbirds,whalesandother

creatures.Butuntilrecently,scientistshavenevertestedwhetheritleadstoastressresponseininsects.WhenAndyDav

is,aconservationphysiologistattheUniversityofGeorgia,noticedonlinevideosofroadsidemonarchcaterpillarsapparentlym

ovingwithshortquickmovementsfromsidetosideorupanddownascarscameby,hewonderedhowtheconstantnoisemightaffectthem.Davisbuiltaspecialcaterpillarheart

monitor,fittingasmallsensorintomicroscopetopreciselymeasuremonarchcaterpillars’heartratesastheylistenedtorecordingsoftraf

ficsoundsinthelaboratory.Theheartsofcaterpillarsexposedtohighwaynoisefortwohoursbeat17percentfasterthanthoseofcaterpillarsinasilentroo

m.Buttheheartratesofthenoise—exposedgroupreturnedtobaselinelevelsafterhearingthetrafficsoundsnonstopfortheirentire12-daydevelopmentperiod,Davisa

ndhiscolleaguesreportedinMayinBiologyLetters.“Thisdesensitizationcouldbeproblematicwhenthecaterpillarsbecomeadults,”saysDavis.Arapi

dstressresponseisvitalformonarchbutterfliesontheirtwo-monthjourneytospendwintersinMexico,astheynarrowlyescapepredatorsandfightwin

dcurrents.Whetheranoisydevelopmentalperiodreducesmonarchs’survivalratesremainsunknown,notesRyanNorris,anecologistattheUniversityo

fGuelphinOntario,whowasnotinvolvedinthestudy.Butinanycase,hebelievesroadsidehabitatsalmostcertainlydriveupthebutterflies’dea

thratesasaresultofcrasheswithcars.“Therearesomanypotentialroadhabitatsformonarchsandotherinsects—itwouldbesuchanicethingtotakeadvantageof,

”Norrissays.“Butyoujustcan’tgetaroundthetraffic.Ithinkroadsandmonarchsjustdon’tmix.”46．Whydidconservationistscreatemo

narch-friendlyspacesalongroadsides?A．Becausetheyconcernedoverdecreasingmonarchhabitat.B．Becauseitwasvitalforthemonarchtogrowquickly.C．Beca

usetheywereurgedtomakeanexperiment.D．Becauseitwasgoodforthemonarchtomigrate.47．WhatinspiredAndyDavistoexploretheeff

ectofnoiseonmonarchcaterpillars?A．Therehadbeenlittleresearchonmonarchcaterpillars.B．Videosshowedcarscrashedinto

monarchcaterpillars.C．Therewasnosuchrecordofmonarchcaterpillars’heartrates.D．Hefoundthatmonarchcaterpillarsshookwithcarsmovingby.48．

AccordingtoAndyDavis,whatmighthappentomonarchbutterflieswhenexposedtotrafficnoise?A．Theyarelikelytoneedmoret

imetodevelop.B．Theyarelikelytolosetheirwayontheirjourney.C．Theyaremorelikelytodiebeforetheybecomeadults.D．Theyaremorelikelytobekille

dandeatenintheirmigration.49．WhichofthefollowingstatementsisRyanNorrismostlikelytoagreewith?A．Monarchs’surviv

alratesaredecreasingeachyear.B．Peopleshouldavoidbuildingroadsidehabitatsforinsects.C．Morecapitalisneededtostudymonarchs’developmentalperiods.D．B

utterflies’risingdeathrateshavenothingtodowithmovingcars.50．Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthepassage?A．TheRelat

ionshipsBetweenMonarchButterfliesandHighwayB．TheEffectsofHighwayNoiseonMonarchButterfliesC．TheChange

sofMonarchButterfliesAlongHighwayD．TheBenefitsofProtectingMonarchButterfliesDImagineatastybuglandingonthewebofahungryspi

der.Howdoesthespiderdetectitsprey?Spidersdon’thaveearslikewedo,andmanyhavepooreyesight.Buttheycansensev

ibrations,likethosethathappenwhenanunluckyinsecttouchestheirwebs.Andinsteadofeardrums,spidershearusingtiny,sensitivehairsthatmove

inresponsetosounds.Scientistsrecentlylearnedthatspiderscanpickupsoundsinanotherway:throughtheirwebs.“It’sbasicallyusi

ngthewebastheear,”saidRonMiles,aprofessorofmechanicalengineeringatBinghamtonUniversityinNewYork.Mile

sandhisteamstudiedorb-weavingspiders,whichmakewheel-shapedwebs.Thescientistsplacedthespidersinaspeciallydesignedquietroom.Thenth

eyplayedsoundsonaloudspeaker.Theytrackedhowthespidersreactedtodifferentsoundsplayedonaloudspeaker.Thespidersturnedtheirbo

diestowardthesound.Somecrouched(蹲伏)andstretched.Othersraisedtheirfrontlegs.Thescientistssaidthissuggestedthatthespidersknewwherethesoundscamefrom.

Milessaidthatspidersusetheirweblikeagiantextendedear.Ifaninsectisflyingnearby,forinstance,“that’sgoingtocausethe

webtovibratebecauseofthesound,”Milessaid.“Thatkindofgetsthespider’sattention.”Spidersmightevenusetheirwebstotuneintoavariet

yofsounds.Milessaidtheysuspectthatthespiderisabletoadjusttheweb’stension,orhowtightlytheystretchtheweb.Thisway,itcanpickupcertaintypesof

sounds.Mileshopestheresearchonspiderswillhelpusfindbetterwaystodetectsound.Mostmicrophonestodayworkbysensingpressureandturningitin

toanelectronicsignal.Butinthenaturalworld,“spidersaren’tsensingpressure”.Milessaid:“Mostanimalsdon’thearthatway;theysensethemotionoftheai

r.”Futuremicrophones,likethoseusedinhearingaids,couldsomedayhaveadesignlikethisinmind.Thenexttimeyouseeaspider,Milessuggested,watchhowi

treactstosounds,likeyourfootsteps—thoughwhatthosenoisesmeantothespiderremainssomewhatofamystery.“Spidersdon’thavegoodfacialexpressions,”Milesla

ughed.“It’shardtoreadthem.”51．Spidersknowaninsectlandsontheirwebby________.A．seeingittryingtoescapethewe

bB．sensingthemotionitmakesC．usingitsearstohearitmovingD．growingtinyhairstofindit52．Scientistsplaysoun

dsonloudspeakersintheexperimentto________.A．observehowthespiderswouldreactB．assistthespidersincatchingtheirpreyC．encourage

thespiderstobuildnewwebsD．protectpeoplefromspiders53．Whydospidersneedtousetheirwebslikeagiantear?A．Itkeepsthemsafefromdangerousanimal

s.B．Itshowsthemwhentheyneedanewweb.C．Ithelpsthemdetectinsectsflyingnearby.D．Itletsthemcommunicatewithotherspiders.54．Spidersadjustthetensioni

ntheirwebsto________.A．blockoutsoundsthatscareawayinsectsB．helpthempickupcertaintypesofsoundsC．allowth

emtomakesoundsthatattractpreyD．makesoundsthatgetotherspiders’attention55．WhatdoesMilesbelieveisthesignificanceofstudyingspiders?A．Itcouldleadto

hearingaidsthatsensepressure.B．Itshowsthatevensmallanimalscanmakenoise.C．Itcouldallowpeopletosensetheforcecreatedbysounds.D．Itcouldresultinmicr

ophonesthatsensethemotionofair.第三部分：写作(共两节，满分35分)第一节：阅读表达(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)阅读下面短文，按照要求完成阅读任务。WhenBrantleyHarrisonand

herfamilyrescuedatiny,injuredsquirrelback,thenreleasedherbackintothewild,theydidn’texpecttoeverseeheragain.Nineyearslater,howev

er,littleBella,theycalledthesquirrelBella,stillcomestovisitthemalmosteveryday—aslongassnacksareprovided,ofcourse.Asaba

by,theterribleattackmadebyanowl(猫头鹰)leftBellaneardeath,shewascarefullytakeninbytheGreenvilleCounty,SouthC

arolinafamily,andraisedbythemalongsidethreeothersquirrelsnamedLarry,Curly,andMoe.BellastayedwiththeHarrisonsuntilshehadhealedsucce

ssfullythankstoaregulardietoffruit,nuts,andbabyfood,andwasreadytojumponthetreesintheforest.Thesweetsquirrelnevergoestoofarfromheradoptedhome,tho

ugh,andstopsbytosayhellowhenevershecan,despitehowmuchtimehaspassed.“Bellasitsrightatthefrontdoorwaitingforsomeonetonoticesh

ehascomebyforavisit.Ifnoonenoticesher,shewilljumpovertothediningroomwindowtowaitforsomeonetoseeher,”BrantleytoldTheDodo.Thelittleladyju

stisn’treadytopartwiththefamilythatsuccoredherlife.Whenevershestopsby,sheasksfornothingmorethanahandfulofnuts.Whatisthemostamazingpa

rt?AfewyearsafterBella’soriginalstayattheHarrisonhouse,shefoundherwaybacktothemwithaninjuredfoot—andabellyfullofbabies—spendinganotherfewmont

hsofrecovering.“ItwastrulyamazingtowatchthebabyIraisedraiseherownbabies,”Brantleysaid.BellanowevenhasherownInstagrampage,whereherhumanfami

lydocumentsheradventures,withalmost4thousandfollowers!56．WhathappenedafterlittleBellawasinjuredbyanowl?(Nomorethan10words)______________

_____________________________________________________________________________57．HowdidtheHarrisonstakecareoflit

tleBella?(Nomorethan15words)_____________________________________________________________________________________

______58．Whatdoestheunderlinedwordinthethirdparagraphmean?(Only1word)____________________________________________________

_______________________________________59．WhatbroughtBellabacktotheHarrisonsafewyearsafteritsoriginalstay?(Nomorethan10words)___________

________________________________________________________________________________60．HowdoesBella’sstoryinspireyou?Pleaseexpla

ininyourownwords.(nomorethan20words)___________________________________________________________________________________________第二

节：书面表达（满分25分）假设你是晨光中学英语社团的成员李津。为弘扬中国优秀传统文化，提高学生英语表达能力，社团在上周举行了一次“用英语讲中国故事”征文比赛活动，成员们踊跃参加，取得圆满成功。请你按照以下提示，用英语为社团写一个活动报道：●介绍活动的基本情况(主题，时间，参与方式，人员等)

；●介绍活动的主要意义与效果；●分享本人参加活动的收获。注意：(1)词数不少于100；(2)可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯。参考词汇：用英语讲中国故事StoriesofChinaRetoldinEnglish征文比赛：essaycontes

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