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济宁市2023年高考模拟考试英语试题第一部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。A“Iwassleepi

ngonthestreetforninedays.Ifitweren’tforCrisis,Imighthavedied,”saidEddie,whowasachefforyears,workinginluxurioushotelsin

London.Helosthisjobandhishealthdeclined.Hespentallhissavingsonrentandwasforcedtoleavehishomewhentheyranout.He

stayedwithafriend,butitwascrowded,andhisfriendeventuallyaskedhimtoleave.EddiefoundoutaboutCrisisbychanceandwasreferredtoaCris

isatChristmashotel.EddiewasgivenaCrisiscoach,whosupportedhiminfindingsomewheretoliveandhewasgivenaphone,whichheusedtolookforwork.Eddieissettledi

nhisnewhome.Hishealthconditionismuchbetterandheislookingforwardtothefuture.Rightnowthousandsofpeopleatthesharpendo

fpovertyarebeingpushedintohomelessness.Peoplearebeingleftwithnooptionsthantogowithoutbasicslikefood,heatingorkeepingaroo

fovertheirheads.Pleasedonatetodaytoendsomeone’shomelessnessandsupporttoleavehomelessnessbehindforgood.·£10monthlycouldprovideaw

armwelcomeandhelpsomeonetaketheirfirststepsoutofhomelessness.·£32monthlycouldhelpfundone-to-onespecialistcoac

hinginhousing,benefits,well-beingandwork.·£64monthlycouldhelpfundoneofoursupportworkerstoassistsomeonetrappedintemporaryacco

mmodationinlookingforaffordableandsettledhousing.·£100monthlycouldbuyahouseholdstarterkit,filledwithessentialssomeonemightnotbeabletoafford,

tohelpthemsettleintotheirnewhome.Pleasesearch‘CrisisatChristmas’tomakeyourdonation.Hereishow:08009992060Room006,Freepos

t,CrisisatChristmasScantheQRcodewithyourphonecameratodonate1.WhatisCrisisatChristmas?A.Ahotel.B.Ahealthcen

ter.C.Anemploymentagency.D.Acharityorganization.2.Whatdifferencecanyoumaketoabeneficiarywithadonationof£32monthly?AHelpingrentalu

xurioushouse.B.Helpingthrowawelcomeparty.C.Helpingbuyhouseholdnecessities.D.Helpinggetpersonalizedguidance.3Howmanywaysaretheretomakeadonation?

A.One.B.Two.C.Three.D.Four.BBard,Kinetic(CoffeeHousePress,2023)byAnneWaldman,oneofthemostimportantlivingAmericanpoets,isanewcollection

ofautobiographical(自传体的)pieces,includingpublishedandunpublishedessays,correspondence,interviews,andpoems

fromthelast20years.Thoughtheoriginofthetextsandpoemsisrelativelyrecent,Bard,KinetictracksWaldman’slifefromh

erchildhoodinGreenwichVillagetothepresent.Ratherthanamemoir(回忆录),thisenergeticcollectionintegratesher

storiesintocontexts—literary,political,spiritual,familial.InSketch,thefirstandlongestpieceinthebook,Wal

dmandescribeswhatguidedhertopoetryfromanearlyage—Herintellectualandartisticparentsencouragedher“toreadwidely,towrite,think,talkaboutit,becuriousand

critical.”ReadingSketchforitswonderfulautobiographicaldetailsandthesuccessfulmomentsthatrunthroughWaldman’slifeisapleasure.InInterview

withPoetas,Madrid2018,anotherpiecefromthebook’ssecondsection,shewrote,“Weneedculturalandhumanitarianrevolution.Weneedpoetr

ytoremindusofthemagicwehavehadthatneedsattendanceandrecharge.”Hervoiceandvisionhaveacollectivewidth.Waldmaninsistsoncombinin

gartwithnearlyeveryaspectofherlife.BardKinetic,atallpoints,ahigh-energyconstruct,andatallpoints,anene

rgy-discharge,putsreadersonthepathtorecognizingpoetryasamentalaid,asanactionthatreachesacrossgeography,species,andtime.Asshewroteinth

ebook’spreface,shecommandsherselfto“keeppushingforknowledge,studywithadeeperinvestigationandadeeperaction.Theaction,totallynecessary”.Thesearehigh

aimsthatWaldmanhasinsistedon,tirelessly,herentirelife.Waldmanshines.Herheartcouldbeourheart.ThisnewbookisbestreadasacompanionofVo

wtoPoetry(2001),Waldman’spreviouscollectionofinterviewsandautobiographicalessays,whichwillhelpreadersappreciatethisbookbetter.4.Whatdowekno

waboutBard,KineticbyWaldman?A.Itisamemoir.B.Itdocumentsherlifeandwork...,C.Itisherfirstcollectionofpoems.D.Itistob

eissuedbyCoffeeHousePress.5.What’sthepurposeofparagraph3?A.Toaddrelevantbackgroundinformation.B.Tohelpreadersgainpartialinsightintothebook.C.Topersu

adereaderstoconductselectivereading.D.TointroduceWaldman’swritingstyles.6.Whatisimpliedintheunderlinedsentence“Herheartcouldbeourheart.”i

nparagraph4?A.Weshouldsticktoourgoals.B.Weshouldlearnpoemsbyheart.CWeshouldseekfameandwealth.D.Weshouldenjoylifetoourhearts’content.7.What’sthetext?A

.Adiaryentry.B.Anewsreport.C.Abookreview.D.Anautobiography.CManyimportantdecisionsboildowntoachoicebetweenkee

pingthesupposedsafetyandriskinggoingoutforachanceatgettingsomethingevenbetter.Thoughrisk-takingpreference

svarybetweenindividuals,researchwithhumansshowsthatwe’reallgenerallylesswillingtotakerisksinsituationswithmoreambiguous（模糊的）outcome

s.“Thefindingshouldalsoapplytorisk-takinginchimps（黑猩猩）,oneofourclosestevolutionary（进化的）ancestors,”saidHaux,fromM

axPlanckInstituteforHumanDevelopment.Totesttheevolutionaryrootsofhumanriskpreference,Hauxandhiscolleaguesmeasured55chimpslivin

ginreservesfortheirriskyandambiguouschoicesinanexperimentalsetting.Ineachtrial,theychoseaballfromoneoftwopots.Onepotwasalwayssafebecause

itcontainedtwoballsfilledwithonepeanuteach.Intheriskycondition,thesecondpotalsocontainedtwoballs,but

onewasfilledwithtwopeanutsandtheotherwithnothing.Intheambiguouscondition,theballsinthesecondpotstillconta

inedtworewardsornothing,butthecontentsinthepotwasentirelyinvisibletothechimps.Onaverage,chimpschosetheriskypotoverthesafepot55%ofthetimebut

chosetheambiguouspotoverthesafepotinjust25%oftrials.Thissuggeststhatchimps,likehumans,prefertoavoidsituati

onswithambiguousversusknownrisks.“Structuralsimilaritiesinriskpreferencesofhumansandoneofourclosestlivingrelativesareli

kelytoreflectadaptationstosimilardynamicsinevolution.Whilemanyotherfactorsmayinfluencehumanrisk-taking.preferences,theparallelsbet

weenhumanandchimpbehaviorsuggestthatevolutionaryadaptionshavehelpedsetaconsistentbaseline,”Hauxsaid.

Futureworkwillcomparehowtherisk-takingpreferencesofchimpslivinginreservesmaydifferfromthoselivinginzoosorinthewild,aswellashowthey

comparetothoseofbonobos,anothercloseevolutionaryrelativeofhumans,Hauxadded.8.Whywastheresearchonriskpreferenceconductedon

chimps?A.Totesttheirintelligencelevel.B.Toguidethemtomakewisedecisions.C.Toprovetheevolutionaryconsistency.D.Todistinguisheachindividual’sdiffere

nce.9.Whichillustratestheriskyconditionintheexperimentalsetting?A.B.C.D.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“parallels”inp

aragraph4probablymean?A.Conflicts.B.Interactions.C.Misunderstandings.D.Similarities.11.Whatcanbeinferr

edfromthelastparagraph?A.Therangeofthesubjectswillbeextended.B.Hauxissatisfiedwiththecurrentresearch.C.Bonobosareacloseevolutionaryre

lativeofhumans.DTheresearchtopicwillbeshiftedintoanotherfield.DWithlunarexplorationrocketing,itposesm

anychallenges.Amongthemisafundamentalquestionmetrologists(计量学家)worldwideareworkingtoanswer:whattimeisitontheMoon?TheMoondoesn’tcurrentlyhaveanindepe

ndenttime.Eachlunarmissionusesitsowntimescaletocoordinateduniversaltime,orUTC—thestandardagainstwhichtheearth’sclocksareset.Th

eapproachworkswhentheMoonhostsahandfulofindependentmissions,butitwillbeaproblemwhentherearemultiplecraftworkingtogether..Spaceagencieswillalsow

anttotrackthemusingsatellitenavigation,whichreliesonprecisetimingsignals.Themostpressingneedforlunartimecomesfromplanstocreateade

dicatedglobalnavigationsatellitesystem(GNSS)fortheMoon.Totacklethisproblem,representativesofspaceagenciesanda

cademicorganizationsworldwidemetinNovember2022tostartdraftingrecommendationsonhowtodefinelunartime.D

efininglunartimeisnotsimple.AccordingtotheSpecialTheoryofRelativity,clockstickslowerinstrongergravitationalfields.TheMoon’sgravitation

alpullisweakerthanEarth’s,meaningalunarclockwouldrunfasterthananEarthone.Definingalunarstandard,withwhichallclocksarecom

pared,willinvolveinstallingatleastthreemasterclocksthattickattheMoon’snaturalpace,andwhoseoutputisco

mbinedbyanalgorithm(算法)togenerateamoreaccurate‘virtual’timepiece.Whathappensthendependsonwhichoptionmetrologistschoose.Theymightd

ecidetobaselunartimeonUTC.Thealternativewouldbetousethesynthesized(同步)outputofthelunaratomicclocksastheMoon’sownindependent,continuoust

ime,andtotrackitsrelationshiptoUTC.Thatway,eveniftheconnectionwithEarthislost,clocksontheMoonwillstillagreewitheachother,

allowingsafenavigationandcommunications.Settinglunartimeispartofamuchbiggerpicture.Itwillonedayworkfort

hemore-distantplanetsthatspaceagenciesareultimatelytargeting,suchasMars.12.What’sthemainideaofparagraph2?A.TheworkingprincipleofUTC.B.Theachi

evementsofspacemission.C.Theurgencytodevelopsatellitenavigation.D.Theproblemofcurrentlunartimingmethod

.13.Whatisthemajorbarriertodefininglunartime?A.Lackofprofessionalguidance.B.Thedisagreementamongmetrologists.C.Differentgravitationalpu

llontheMoon.D.Thecomplexityofinstallingmasterclocks.14.What’stheadvantageofdefiningtheMoon’sindependenttime?A.K

eepingtheclocksontheMooncorresponding.B.PreventingspacecraftlosingconnectionwiththeEarth.C.Helpinghumanslandonthemore-dist

antplanets.D.MakingiteasiertosynchronizewithUTCallthetime.15.What’sthebesttitleofthetext?A.WhatTimeIsItontheMoon?B.WhenwillManSettleontheMoon?C.Lunar

exploration:ACareerBoundtoReviveD.GNSS:AMorePreciseLunarTrackingSystem第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。STEMvs.S

TEAMSTEMisshortforScience,Technology,EngineeringandMathematics.ThetermwascoinedbyJudithRamaleywhileadirectoratNationalScienceFoundationin2001.Si

ncethen,STEM-focusededucationhasbeenextendedtomanycountriesbeyondtheUnitedStates.However,educationisaconstantlyevolvinggame.__

__16____OneofthelatestphilosophiesgainingsteamisaddinganartscomponenttotheSTEMeducationalfocus,thus,creatingtheSTEMvs.STEAMdebate.ThebelieversinST

EMeducationwantthefocustoremainonthecoreSTEMprinciples.____17____Tasksinvolvingproductdesignencouragestudentstodrawandcreate.Addi

ngartswilltakeawayfromtheoriginalintentionoffocusingontheSTEMdisciplines.____18____TheyarguethataddingartstoSTEMisawaytodevelopstrongSTEMstud

entswhothinkcreatively.Severalstudieshaveshownthatengagingstudents’artsstrengthincreasestheirmotivationwhe

nitcomestoSTEMactivities.____19____Furthermore,forkidswhomightbeturnedofffromSTEMsubjectsduetoadislikeofnumbers,highlightin

gtheartisticcomponentoflessonscanreachoutanddrawthemin.Whiletheyseemtobeopposed,bothsidesofthisargumentmayhavet

herightidea.____20____Considerthegrowingfieldofcomputeranimation,whereyoumusthavebothartisticabilitiesandstr

ongtechnologyfields.Also,themostbasicofallchildren’stoys,woodenblocks,areanincredibleexampleofSTEAMexplora

tion.Theybringdesign,geometry,andengineeringconceptstoouryoungestlearners,settingthemupforalifetimeofcreativethinking.A.TheSTEAMers

disagree.B.Actually,scienceandartsareinseparable.C.Itconsistentlyintroducesnewtheoriesandpractices.D.Their

ideaisthattherearealreadyenoughartsintheirapproach.E.Thus,goodteachersarealwayslearningtokeeppacewithupdatedknowledge.F.Italsoimprovestheprobabi

lityofsuccessincomplicatedtasksandchallenges.G.TheybelieveaddingartmakestheSTEMcoursesaccessibletomorestudents.第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Onesnowynight,apairofbeagles（比格犬）wasstrugglingonaruralhi

ghway.Thefather-to-belookedaroundanxiously,tryingtoseek____21____forhisdearcompanion.Frequentlyhewouldlookather___

_22____,feelingguiltyshelaboredalong,herwaymadeheavierbythenewlifegrowinginsideher.They____23____forawarm,

dryplace.Whenher____24____came,itmustnotbeoutherealongtheroadway.As____25____wouldhaveit,GusKiebel,acountywildlifeofficer,whowasdrivinghomefromwork,

spottedthepair.He____26____totheshoulderoftheroadimmediately.Thebeaglesmadenoeffortto____27____whenGusbentdownandstretchedouthishandstothe

m.Gus____28____theirtags（狗牌）byhistruck’sheadlightsandtriedtoring,butthefallingsnow____29____thescreen.Heplacedthedogsinhistruck,_____30

_____hisphoneandcalledagain.Amanansweredandinstantlygrew_____31_____whenGustoldhimwhyhewascalling.“Ialreadyga

vethemaway,”themanrespondedcoldly.Obviously,thesebeagleswere_____32_____.Meetingtheirlargebeggingeyes

,Gusfelthisheart_____33_____.“Puttingthembackinthesnowisoutofthe_____34_____,”Gusthoughttohimself,“Imustbringthemhome.”I

t’sasimplestory,butitspeakstothebestofournature:Kindnessandlovecankeepcrueltyandcoldat_____35_____.21.A.shelterB.sha

deC.instructionsD.routes22.A.patientlyB.helplesslyC.fondlyD.proudly23.A.waitedB.preparedC.cheeredD.longed24.A.trou

bleB.opportunityC.timeD.turn25.A.lifeB.luckC.historyD.news26.A.pulledoverB.turnedupC.headedoffD.spedup27.A.submitB.barkC

.struggleD.escape28.A.toreB.adjustedC.untiedD.read29.A.coloredB.mistedC.dustedD.damaged30.A.driedB.chargedC.exa

minedD.grabbed31.A.persuasiveB.defensiveC.curiousD.grateful32.A.discoveredB.licensedC.identifiedD.abandoned33.A.racingB.sinkingC.achingD.

beating34.A.blueB.questionC.wayD.world35.A.bayB.handC.easeD.peace第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正

确形式。ChatGPTnetted1millionusersin5days.For____36____(compare),it,reportedly,tookInstagram2.5monthstoreachthesamenumberofusers.Pret

tywild!ChatGPT,GenerativePre-trainedTransformer,isachatbot____37____(launch)byOpenAIinNovember2022.____38____(specific)designedtointeractinaco

nversationalway,itworkslikeawrittendialoguebetweentheAIsystemandthepersonaskingitquestions.Onceorders____39____(inp

ut),itiscapableofunderstandingthecontextofconversationsandrespondingtoawiderangeofrequestsinanaturaland____40____(engage)way.

Itmimics(模仿)human-likeresponseswithAI-generatedcontents____41____assistspeoplewithtaskslikewritingessays,m

akingbusinessproposals,creatingpoemsandevencheckingforprogrambugs.Theoutputsareamazinglyvaried____42____(depend)onwhoiswritingtheorders.Everycoinh

astwosides,____43____thesayinggoes.ThoughChatGPT’simpressiveefficiencyandhelpfulinformationmighttakebreathaway,itmaysometimesgene

rateincorrectorinappropriateresponses.Overall,ChatGPThastaken____44____bigstepforwardforAI.Willitreplacehumanintelligenceortakeovercreat

ivetasks?Alarmist?Onlytimewilltell.Rightnow,whatshouldbedoneistodefine____45____(policy)andguidelines,soitcanbeusedmorallyandresponsibly.第三部分写作（

共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46.假设你是李华。你校英文网站新增了AmazingChina栏目，请你给该栏目投稿，介绍一个你最喜欢的地方。内容包括：1.该地的基本情况；2.该地的特色；3.你的印象和感受。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2

.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。ThePlaceILikeBest___________________________________________________________________________________________________________

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___第二节（满分25分）47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。TheRightThingMymotherworkedasahousekeeperandshewasoftengive

nusedtoysaswellasmanyothergoodiesbyherclients.MyeldersisterandIalwayslovedsharingtherecycledbooksandboardgamesbroughthomebymybelov

edmom,whichweconsideredgreatgiftslifepresentedus.Thelong-awaitedChristmasfinallyapproached.OneDecemberday,anoldmodeltoycara

rrivedintheloadofgoods.Itwasaslongasmyforearmandtookbothhandstolift.Mysisterdidn’twantit,soitwasallmi

ne.Iimmediatelysetdowntowipingitcleanandpolishingittoabrightcandy-applered.Itturnedtobeathingofbeauty,andIbecameoverjoyedatpossessingit.Myeldersister

wasamazedatthenewly-polished,refreshingtoycar,withahintofregretandenvyinhereyes.Aswasplanned,ourrelativesfromFrancecametovisitusthatChristmas.It

wasatimewhenthefamilybondgotstrengthened.IsharedtheprizedtoycarwithAlex,myyoungFrenchcousin.Eyesgluedtoit,hefellin

lovewiththewonderful,shinyredautomobiletheinstanthesawit.Itwasararemomenttoseehimfeelingsorelievedandhappy.He’dbeenunluckys

ofarinlife,sufferingsevere,life-threateningillnessesasachild,leavinghimmentallyandphysicallystuckandthefamilystarved

ofcash.Ofcourse,suchlovelytoyslikemydearmodelcarwereunreachabledreamsforhim.SeeingAlex’sconsumingthrillbroughtbytheredcar,Iwasseizedbyimmensejoyaswel

l.ButcontrarytoAlex’sexcitement,avoiceinsidemeconstantlyreminded,“Watchout!He’dkeepitforhimself.”,whichgotm

efaintlyworried.Ifollowedmycousinforfearofsomething.MymotheralsonoticedAlex’sfondnessforthecar.Approachingme,sheask

edgentlyinalowvoice,“WouldyouliketogiveittoAlex?”注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Givingorkeeping?Istruggledwithmyself._______________

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_______________________Inthemomentofparting,mymodelcarwentwithAlex.___________________________________

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