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济宁市2023年高考模拟考试英语试题第一部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。A“Iwassleepingonthestreetforni

nedays.Ifitweren’tforCrisis,Imighthavedied,”saidEddie,whowasachefforyears,workinginluxurioushotelsinLondon

.Helosthisjobandhishealthdeclined.Hespentallhissavingsonrentandwasforcedtoleavehishomewhentheyranout.Hestayedwitha

friend,butitwascrowded,andhisfriendeventuallyaskedhimtoleave.EddiefoundoutaboutCrisisbychanceandwasreferredtoaCrisisatChristmashotel.Edd

iewasgivenaCrisiscoach,whosupportedhiminfindingsomewheretoliveandhewasgivenaphone,whichheusedtolookforwork.Eddieissettledinhisnewhome.Hishealt

hconditionismuchbetterandheislookingforwardtothefuture.Rightnowthousandsofpeopleatthesharpendofpovertyarebeingpushedintohomeles

sness.Peoplearebeingleftwithnooptionsthantogowithoutbasicslikefood,heatingorkeepingaroofovertheirheads.Pleasedonatetodayt

oendsomeone’shomelessnessandsupporttoleavehomelessnessbehindforgood.·£10monthlycouldprovideawarmwelcomean

dhelpsomeonetaketheirfirststepsoutofhomelessness.·£32monthlycouldhelpfundone-to-onespecialistcoachinginhousing,benef

its,well-beingandwork.·£64monthlycouldhelpfundoneofoursupportworkerstoassistsomeonetrappedintemporaryaccommodationinlooki

ngforaffordableandsettledhousing.·£100monthlycouldbuyahouseholdstarterkit,filledwithessentialssomeonemightnotbeabletoafford,tohelpth

emsettleintotheirnewhome.Pleasesearch‘CrisisatChristmas’tomakeyourdonation.Hereishow:08009992060Room006,Freepost,Crisis

atChristmasScantheQRcodewithyourphonecameratodonate1.WhatisCrisisatChristmas?A.Ahotel.B.Ahealthcenter.C.Anemploymentagen

cy.D.Acharityorganization.2.Whatdifferencecanyoumaketoabeneficiarywithadonationof£32monthly?AHelpingrentaluxurioushouse.B.Helpingthrowawelcome

party.C.Helpingbuyhouseholdnecessities.D.Helpinggetpersonalizedguidance.3Howmanywaysaretheretomakeadonation?A.One.B.Two.C.Three.D.Four.BBard,Kin

etic(CoffeeHousePress,2023)byAnneWaldman,oneofthemostimportantlivingAmericanpoets,isanewcollectionofautobi

ographical(自传体的)pieces,includingpublishedandunpublishedessays,correspondence,interviews,andpoemsfromthelast20years.Thoughtheoriginofthetextsandpoem

sisrelativelyrecent,Bard,KinetictracksWaldman’slifefromherchildhoodinGreenwichVillagetothepresent.Ratherthanamemoir(回忆录

),thisenergeticcollectionintegratesherstoriesintocontexts—literary,political,spiritual,familial.InSketch,the

firstandlongestpieceinthebook,Waldmandescribeswhatguidedhertopoetryfromanearlyage—Herintellectualandartisticparentsenco

uragedher“toreadwidely,towrite,think,talkaboutit,becuriousandcritical.”ReadingSketchforitswonderfulautobiogra

phicaldetailsandthesuccessfulmomentsthatrunthroughWaldman’slifeisapleasure.InInterviewwithPoetas,Madrid2018,a

notherpiecefromthebook’ssecondsection,shewrote,“Weneedculturalandhumanitarianrevolution.Weneedpoetrytoremindusofthemagicwehavehadthatneedsattenda

nceandrecharge.”Hervoiceandvisionhaveacollectivewidth.Waldmaninsistsoncombiningartwithnearlyeveryaspectofherlife.BardKinetic,at

allpoints,ahigh-energyconstruct,andatallpoints,anenergy-discharge,putsreadersonthepathtorecognizingpoetryasamentalaid,asanactionthatreachesacrossgeo

graphy,species,andtime.Asshewroteinthebook’spreface,shecommandsherselfto“keeppushingforknowledge,studywithadeeperinvestigationandadeepera

ction.Theaction,totallynecessary”.ThesearehighaimsthatWaldmanhasinsistedon,tirelessly,herentirelife.Waldmanshines.Herheartcouldbeourheart.Thisnew

bookisbestreadasacompanionofVowtoPoetry(2001),Waldman’spreviouscollectionofinterviewsandautobiographicalessays,whichwillhelpreadersappreciatethi

sbookbetter.4.WhatdoweknowaboutBard,KineticbyWaldman?A.Itisamemoir.B.Itdocumentsherlifeandwork...,C.Itisherfirstcollectio

nofpoems.D.ItistobeissuedbyCoffeeHousePress.5.What’sthepurposeofparagraph3?A.Toaddrelevantbackgroundinf

ormation.B.Tohelpreadersgainpartialinsightintothebook.C.Topersuadereaderstoconductselectivereading.D.TointroduceWaldman’s

writingstyles.6.Whatisimpliedintheunderlinedsentence“Herheartcouldbeourheart.”inparagraph4?A.Weshouldsticktoourgoals.B.Weshouldlear

npoemsbyheart.CWeshouldseekfameandwealth.D.Weshouldenjoylifetoourhearts’content.7.What’sthetext?A.Adiaryentry.B.Anewsreport.C.Abo

okreview.D.Anautobiography.CManyimportantdecisionsboildowntoachoicebetweenkeepingthesupposedsafetyandriskinggoingoutforachanceatgetti

ngsomethingevenbetter.Thoughrisk-takingpreferencesvarybetweenindividuals,researchwithhumansshowsthatwe’reallgenerallylesswilling

totakerisksinsituationswithmoreambiguous（模糊的）outcomes.“Thefindingshouldalsoapplytorisk-takinginchimps（黑猩猩）,oneofourcloseste

volutionary（进化的）ancestors,”saidHaux,fromMaxPlanckInstituteforHumanDevelopment.Totesttheevolutionaryrootsofhumanriskpreference,Hauxa

ndhiscolleaguesmeasured55chimpslivinginreservesfortheirriskyandambiguouschoicesinanexperimentalsetting.I

neachtrial,theychoseaballfromoneoftwopots.Onepotwasalwayssafebecauseitcontainedtwoballsfilledwithonepeanuteach.Intheriskyc

ondition,thesecondpotalsocontainedtwoballs,butonewasfilledwithtwopeanutsandtheotherwithnothing.Intheambiguouscondition,theballsinthesecondpotstillco

ntainedtworewardsornothing,butthecontentsinthepotwasentirelyinvisibletothechimps.Onaverage,chimpschosetheriskypo

toverthesafepot55%ofthetimebutchosetheambiguouspotoverthesafepotinjust25%oftrials.Thissuggeststhatchimps,likehumans,prefertoa

voidsituationswithambiguousversusknownrisks.“Structuralsimilaritiesinriskpreferencesofhumansandoneofourclosestlivingrelativesarelikelytoreflec

tadaptationstosimilardynamicsinevolution.Whilemanyotherfactorsmayinfluencehumanrisk-taking.preferences,theparallelsbetweenhumanandchimpbehav

iorsuggestthatevolutionaryadaptionshavehelpedsetaconsistentbaseline,”Hauxsaid.Futureworkwillcomparehow

therisk-takingpreferencesofchimpslivinginreservesmaydifferfromthoselivinginzoosorinthewild,aswellashowtheycomparetothoseofbonobos,a

nothercloseevolutionaryrelativeofhumans,Hauxadded.8.Whywastheresearchonriskpreferenceconductedonchimps?A.Totesttheirintelligencele

vel.B.Toguidethemtomakewisedecisions.C.Toprovetheevolutionaryconsistency.D.Todistinguisheachindividual’sdif

ference.9.Whichillustratestheriskyconditionintheexperimentalsetting?A.B.C.D.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“par

allels”inparagraph4probablymean?A.Conflicts.B.Interactions.C.Misunderstandings.D.Similarities.11.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.T

herangeofthesubjectswillbeextended.B.Hauxissatisfiedwiththecurrentresearch.C.Bonobosareacloseevolutionaryrelativeofhumans.DTheresearchtop

icwillbeshiftedintoanotherfield.DWithlunarexplorationrocketing,itposesmanychallenges.Amongthemisafundamentalquestionmetrologists(计量学

家)worldwideareworkingtoanswer:whattimeisitontheMoon?TheMoondoesn’tcurrentlyhaveanindependenttime.Eachlunarmissionusesit

sowntimescaletocoordinateduniversaltime,orUTC—thestandardagainstwhichtheearth’sclocksareset.Theapproachw

orkswhentheMoonhostsahandfulofindependentmissions,butitwillbeaproblemwhentherearemultiplecraftworkingtog

ether..Spaceagencieswillalsowanttotrackthemusingsatellitenavigation,whichreliesonprecisetimingsignals.Themostpressingneedforlunarti

mecomesfromplanstocreateadedicatedglobalnavigationsatellitesystem(GNSS)fortheMoon.Totacklethisproblem,rep

resentativesofspaceagenciesandacademicorganizationsworldwidemetinNovember2022tostartdraftingrecommendationsonhowtodefinelunartime.Defininglunartime

isnotsimple.AccordingtotheSpecialTheoryofRelativity,clockstickslowerinstrongergravitationalfields.TheMoon’sgravitationalpullisweakerthanEarth’s

,meaningalunarclockwouldrunfasterthananEarthone.Definingalunarstandard,withwhichallclocksarecompared,willinvolv

einstallingatleastthreemasterclocksthattickattheMoon’snaturalpace,andwhoseoutputiscombinedbyanalgorithm(算法)togenerateamoreaccurate‘virtual’ti

mepiece.Whathappensthendependsonwhichoptionmetrologistschoose.TheymightdecidetobaselunartimeonUTC.Thealternativewouldbetousethes

ynthesized(同步)outputofthelunaratomicclocksastheMoon’sownindependent,continuoustime,andtotrackitsrelationship

toUTC.Thatway,eveniftheconnectionwithEarthislost,clocksontheMoonwillstillagreewitheachother,allowingsafenavigationandcommunications.Settinglunartim

eispartofamuchbiggerpicture.Itwillonedayworkforthemore-distantplanetsthatspaceagenciesareultimatelytargeting,suchasMars.12.What’sthemainideaofpa

ragraph2?A.TheworkingprincipleofUTC.B.Theachievementsofspacemission.C.Theurgencytodevelopsatellitenavigation.D.Th

eproblemofcurrentlunartimingmethod.13.Whatisthemajorbarriertodefininglunartime?A.Lackofprofessionalguidance.

B.Thedisagreementamongmetrologists.C.DifferentgravitationalpullontheMoon.D.Thecomplexityofinstallingmasterclocks.14.What’stheadvantageofde

finingtheMoon’sindependenttime?A.KeepingtheclocksontheMooncorresponding.B.PreventingspacecraftlosingconnectionwiththeEarth.C.Helping

humanslandonthemore-distantplanets.D.MakingiteasiertosynchronizewithUTCallthetime.15.What’sthebesttitleofthetext?A.WhatTimeIsItontheMoon?B.WhenwillM

anSettleontheMoon?C.Lunarexploration:ACareerBoundtoReviveD.GNSS:AMorePreciseLunarTrackingSystem第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选

项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。STEMvs.STEAMSTEMisshortforScience,Technology,EngineeringandMathematics.Theterm

wascoinedbyJudithRamaleywhileadirectoratNationalScienceFoundationin2001.Sincethen,STEM-focusededucationhasbeenex

tendedtomanycountriesbeyondtheUnitedStates.However,educationisaconstantlyevolvinggame.____16____Oneofthelatestphilosophiesgainingste

amisaddinganartscomponenttotheSTEMeducationalfocus,thus,creatingtheSTEMvs.STEAMdebate.ThebelieversinSTEMeducationwantthefocustoremainontheco

reSTEMprinciples.____17____Tasksinvolvingproductdesignencouragestudentstodrawandcreate.Addingartswillta

keawayfromtheoriginalintentionoffocusingontheSTEMdisciplines.____18____TheyarguethataddingartstoSTEMisawaytodevelopstrongSTEMstudentswhothin

kcreatively.Severalstudieshaveshownthatengagingstudents’artsstrengthincreasestheirmotivationwhenitcomestoSTEMactivities.____19__

__Furthermore,forkidswhomightbeturnedofffromSTEMsubjectsduetoadislikeofnumbers,highlightingtheartisticcomponentoflessonsca

nreachoutanddrawthemin.Whiletheyseemtobeopposed,bothsidesofthisargumentmayhavetherightidea.____20____Consi

derthegrowingfieldofcomputeranimation,whereyoumusthavebothartisticabilitiesandstrongtechnologyfields.Also,themostbasicofa

llchildren’stoys,woodenblocks,areanincredibleexampleofSTEAMexploration.Theybringdesign,geometry,andengineeringconceptstoo

uryoungestlearners,settingthemupforalifetimeofcreativethinking.A.TheSTEAMersdisagree.B.Actually,scienceandartsareinseparable.C.Itconsistentlyintrodu

cesnewtheoriesandpractices.D.Theirideaisthattherearealreadyenoughartsintheirapproach.E.Thus,goodteachersar

ealwayslearningtokeeppacewithupdatedknowledge.F.Italsoimprovestheprobabilityofsuccessincomplicatedtasksandchallenges.G.T

heybelieveaddingartmakestheSTEMcoursesaccessibletomorestudents.第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。O

nesnowynight,apairofbeagles（比格犬）wasstrugglingonaruralhighway.Thefather-to-belookedaroundanxiously,tryingtoseek____21____forhisdear

companion.Frequentlyhewouldlookather____22____,feelingguiltyshelaboredalong,herwaymadeheavierbythenewlifegrowinginsideher.They____23____fo

rawarm,dryplace.Whenher____24____came,itmustnotbeoutherealongtheroadway.As____25____wouldhaveit,GusKiebel,acountywildlif

eofficer,whowasdrivinghomefromwork,spottedthepair.He____26____totheshoulderoftheroadimmediately.Thebeaglesmadenoeffortto_

___27____whenGusbentdownandstretchedouthishandstothem.Gus____28____theirtags（狗牌）byhistruck’sheadlightsand

triedtoring,butthefallingsnow____29____thescreen.Heplacedthedogsinhistruck,_____30_____hisphoneandcalledagain.Am

anansweredandinstantlygrew_____31_____whenGustoldhimwhyhewascalling.“Ialreadygavethemaway,”themanrespondedcoldly.Obvio

usly,thesebeagleswere_____32_____.Meetingtheirlargebeggingeyes,Gusfelthisheart_____33_____.“Puttingt

hembackinthesnowisoutofthe_____34_____,”Gusthoughttohimself,“Imustbringthemhome.”It’sasimplestory,butitspeakstothebestofo

urnature:Kindnessandlovecankeepcrueltyandcoldat_____35_____.21.A.shelterB.shadeC.instructionsD.routes22.A.patientlyB.helplesslyC.fon

dlyD.proudly23.A.waitedB.preparedC.cheeredD.longed24.A.troubleB.opportunityC.timeD.turn25.A.lifeB.luckC.historyD.news26.A.pulledoverB.turn

edupC.headedoffD.spedup27.A.submitB.barkC.struggleD.escape28.A.toreB.adjustedC.untiedD.read29.A.colo

redB.mistedC.dustedD.damaged30.A.driedB.chargedC.examinedD.grabbed31.A.persuasiveB.defensiveC.curiousD.

grateful32.A.discoveredB.licensedC.identifiedD.abandoned33.A.racingB.sinkingC.achingD.beating34.A.blueB.questionC.wayD.world35.A.bayB.handC.eas

eD.peace第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。ChatGPTnetted1millionusersin5days.For____36____(compare),it,reported

ly,tookInstagram2.5monthstoreachthesamenumberofusers.Prettywild!ChatGPT,GenerativePre-trainedTransformer,isachatbot__

__37____(launch)byOpenAIinNovember2022.____38____(specific)designedtointeractinaconversationalway,itworkslikeawrittendialog

uebetweentheAIsystemandthepersonaskingitquestions.Onceorders____39____(input),itiscapableofunderstandingthecontextofconversationsandrespondingtoawid

erangeofrequestsinanaturaland____40____(engage)way.Itmimics(模仿)human-likeresponseswithAI-generatedcontents____41____assistspeoplewithtaskslikewriti

ngessays,makingbusinessproposals,creatingpoemsandevencheckingforprogrambugs.Theoutputsareamazinglyvaried____42____(depend)onwhoiswritingtheo

rders.Everycoinhastwosides,____43____thesayinggoes.ThoughChatGPT’simpressiveefficiencyandhelpfulinformatio

nmighttakebreathaway,itmaysometimesgenerateincorrectorinappropriateresponses.Overall,ChatGPThastaken____44____bigstepforwardforAI

.Willitreplacehumanintelligenceortakeovercreativetasks?Alarmist?Onlytimewilltell.Rightnow,whatshouldbedoneisto

define____45____(policy)andguidelines,soitcanbeusedmorallyandresponsibly.第三部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46.假设你是李华。你校英文网站新增了AmazingChina栏目，请

你给该栏目投稿，介绍一个你最喜欢的地方。内容包括：1.该地的基本情况；2.该地的特色；3.你的印象和感受。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。ThePlaceILikeBest_____________________

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___________________________________________________________第二节（满分25分）47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。T

heRightThingMymotherworkedasahousekeeperandshewasoftengivenusedtoysaswellasmanyothergoodiesbyherclients.MyeldersisterandIalwayslovedsharin

gtherecycledbooksandboardgamesbroughthomebymybelovedmom,whichweconsideredgreatgiftslifepresentedus.Thelong-awaitedChristmasfinallyapproached.O

neDecemberday,anoldmodeltoycararrivedintheloadofgoods.Itwasaslongasmyforearmandtookbothhandstolift.Mysisterdidn’twantit,soitwasallmine.Iimmedia

telysetdowntowipingitcleanandpolishingittoabrightcandy-applered.Itturnedtobeathingofbeauty,andIbecameoverjoyedatpossessingit.Myelder

sisterwasamazedatthenewly-polished,refreshingtoycar,withahintofregretandenvyinhereyes.Aswasplanned,ourrelativesfromFrancecametovisitusthatChristmas.I

twasatimewhenthefamilybondgotstrengthened.IsharedtheprizedtoycarwithAlex,myyoungFrenchcousin.Eyesgluedtoit,hefellinlovewiththewonderful,shinyred

automobiletheinstanthesawit.Itwasararemomenttoseehimfeelingsorelievedandhappy.He’dbeenunluckysofarinlife,suff

eringsevere,life-threateningillnessesasachild,leavinghimmentallyandphysicallystuckandthefamilystarve

dofcash.Ofcourse,suchlovelytoyslikemydearmodelcarwereunreachabledreamsforhim.SeeingAlex’sconsumingthrillbroughtbytheredcar,Iw

asseizedbyimmensejoyaswell.ButcontrarytoAlex’sexcitement,avoiceinsidemeconstantlyreminded,“Watchout!He’dkeepitforhimself.”,whichgotmef

aintlyworried.Ifollowedmycousinforfearofsomething.MymotheralsonoticedAlex’sfondnessforthecar.Approachingme,sheaskedgentlyinalowvoice,“Wou

ldyouliketogiveittoAlex?”注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Givingorkeeping?Istruggledwithmyself._____________________________________

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___________________________________Inthemomentofparting,mymodelcarwentwithAlex.__________________________________________________

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