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考点12--推理判断之描述人物、事件特征--讲考点--胸有成竹【2022年推理判断之描述人物、事件特征考点归纳】考点题型推理判断之描述人物、事件特征阅读理解2022试卷类型设问考点2022·新高考全国IIWhatdoestheauthorthinko

fhimself?描述人物20202020年，天津卷，第二次高考HowdidPresidentLincolnfirstrespondtoVinnie’srequest?描述人物2020年，新高考全国Ⅰ卷Whichofthefol

lowingbestdescribesMrBissell'sroadtripinUzbekistan?描述事件2020年1月，浙江卷2020年1月，浙江卷描述人物20182018年3月，天津卷Mrs.Watson’seyes(Para.10)suggestedthatshewas______.描

述人物【2023年高考命题预测】描述人物、事件特征考点是高考中的常考点。一篇记叙文中总说有一些人物出现，描述人物的性质特征以及人物对事件的看法是命题者常出话题。预测在2023高考中，描述人物、事件特征题可能会继续在高考阅读理

解中呈现。【推理判断之描述人物、事件特征考点指南】段落大意题常考问题：1．Whichofthefollowingbestdescribes......?2．Accordingtothetext,whichwordscanbestdescribe..

....?3.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribe......accordingtoParagraph...?4.Howwouldtheauthorfeelabouttheoutcomeofthe

event?5.Whatdidtheauthorthinkof......?【高考命题思路和方法】高考阅读理解中常有描述人物特点的阅读理解题。命题人通过文章中对人物的事迹、语言、心理等进行描述，进而让考生推测人物的性格特征。【备考实战方法】把描述

人物的性格特征的词一一列出，基本上考题不会超出这些词汇，考前把它们的意思记熟。预测每个词需要和什么样的事迹相对应，这样在考场上就能迅速地找到答案。对这种题要迅速解决，以给其他试题提供做题时间。【描写人物特征的形容词】generous慷慨的；brave勇敢的；dema

nding要求高的;苛求的;需要高技能(或耐性等)的;费力的;要求极严的;难满足的；impatient不耐烦的；outgoing外向的；easy-going随和的；organized有条理的；modest谦虚的；optimistic乐观的；cautious小心，谨慎

的；caring乐于助人的;关心他人的;体贴人的；skillful熟练的;灵巧的;擅长于(at;in);制作精巧的；responsible负责任的；determined有决心的；modest谦虚的；creative有创造力的；ambitious有

雄心的；adventurous冒险的；cooperative有合作意识的；honest诚实的；capableadj.有能力的,有才能的；confidentadj.自信的；diligentadj.勤奋的；voluntaryadj.自愿的,主动的；energeticadj.精

力旺盛的；humorousadj.幽默的；enthusiasticadj.热情的；experiencedadj.有经验的；intelligent聪明的;智能的;有才智的;悟性强的;有智力的;有理解和学习能力的；g

rateful感激的；helpful有帮助的；talkative健谈的；athletic运动型;体育运动的;健壮的；patient有耐心的；innovative创新的；tolerant忍受的；positive积极的；committed坚信的;尽心尽力的;坚定的；considerate体贴的

；ashamed惭愧的;regretful后悔的；disappointed失望的；amazed吃惊的；satisfied满意的；disappointed失望的；shocked震惊的；overjoyed过度高兴的；pleased满意的；indifferent冷漠的；sorrowful悲伤的；

sympathetic同情的；hardworking勤劳的；embarrassed尴尬的；proud自豪的；energetic充满活力的；courageous勇敢的;无畏的；independent独立的；s

ensitive敏感的。考例分析：【典例1】【新疆昌吉学联体2021-2022学年高三下学期第三次高考适应性联考】OnJanuary9,2022,itwasanothercoldmorning.Temperaturesreachedlowsof17.6°F(-8℃).Dust

iTalavera,ahousewifeinthesouthsuburbsofDenver,waswashingdishesinherkitchenwhenshewitnessedafrighteningsceneoutsideherkitc

henwindow.Glancingoutherkitchenwindow,shenoticedagroupofyoungchildrenplayingonanicypond.Momentslater,thechildrenfel

lthroughtheice.Dusti’sheartracedasshesawthechildrenfallthroughtheice,andsheimmediatelygrabbedhershoestorunoutside.Submerged（淹没）inthe

freezingwater,thechildrenhadlostthestrengthtostayabovethesurface.Theirfingerswereonlyvisibleastheydesperatelytriedtograbontotheedgesoftheice.With

outhesitation,Dustiplacedherownlifeatriskbysteppingonthethin,unstableicetotrytoreachthethreechildren.Asshereachedherhandsouttograbthem

,shealsobroketheiceandfellintothe15-footdeeppond.Dustiwasfirstabletoreachandpulloutthe4-year-oldgirland11-ye

ar-oldboy.Shestruggledtoreachthelastchild,a6-year-oldgirl.Afterhearingtheloudscreamsforhelp,theyounggirl’s16-year-oldcousinsuddenlyarrivedonscene.

HethrewDustiarope,whichsheusedtodragherselfandtheyounggirloutofthewater.Allthreechildrenwerepulledoutoftheicywaterasfirstrespondersar

rivedonscene.The6-year-oldgirlwasnotbreathingandhadnopulseafterbeingsubmergedintheicywaterfortwominutes.Firstrespondersperformedlife-

savingCPR.Oncethegirlwasabletobreatheonherown,theEMTs(emergencymedicaltechnicians)rushedhertothehospital.5．Whicho

fthefollowingbestdescribesDusti?A．Generous.B．Brave.C．Demanding.D．Impatient.【文章内容定位】根据文章第三段第一句Withouthesitation,Dustiplacedherownlifeatri

skbysteppingonthethin,unstableicetotrytoreachthethreechildren.（达斯蒂毫不犹豫地踏上薄薄、不稳定的冰面，试图接触到三个孩子，从而将自己的生命置于危险之中。）→

关键词→Withouthesitation（毫不犹豫）；atrisk（冒着生命危险）【选项B】Brave（勇敢的）【思维连接】文章内容关键词→Withouthesitation（毫不犹豫）；atrisk（冒着生命危险）→Brave（勇敢的）

【正确选项B】【典例2】【2022届吉林省长春市普通高中高三质量监测（三）】Christmas2020wasshapinguptobeaheartbreakerforMelanieLee.Afewweeksearlier,

her33-year-oldsonhadlosthisbattlewithalongillness.Thenthetransmission(变速器)onher2007ChevroletTahoefailedtowork.Shehadnomeansofpayingf

orittobefixed.“Whenitbrokedown,Ibrokedown,”LeetoldCNN.“NowIdon’thavemybaby,andIdon’thavetransportation.HowamIsupposedtostayactiveinm

ygrandchildren’slives?”EliotMiddleton,38,whoistheownerofabarbecuerestaurantandformerautomechanic,inhisfreetime,repairsandgivesawayusedcars

.He’dheardaboutLee’sdifficultsituationfromhernephewFrankMcClary,themayorofAndrews,SouthCarolina.OnChristmasmorning,Midd

letonshowedupunannouncedatLee’shomewithagift:awhite1993Oldsmobile.“Ihadnoideawhatwasgoingon,”saidLee.“Hehandedmethekeysanddid

n’taskforanything.”Onceagain,she’sabletopickuphergranddaughtersfromschoolandtakethemtodanceclass.“Igotmyfreedomback.”Theideafortheused-cargiv

eawaycametoMiddletonayearearlierduringafooddrivehe’dorganized.Manyofthosewho’dlinedupforamealwalkeduptofourmilestogettherebecausetheydidn’

thavecars.“CarsarealifelineinthispartofSouthCarolina,”MiddletontoldCBS.“There’snopublictransportation,noUbers,notaxisto

takepeopletojobinterviews,doctorappointments,evenfoodshopping.”SohepostedonFacebookanoffertotradehisrestaur

ant’sspecialty,barbecuedribs,forbroken-downvehicles.Sincethen,friendsandstrangershavedroppedoffmorethan100carsinvario

usstatesofdisrepair.ManysitinMiddleton’syardwaitingtobepatchedupanddonated,usuallytothosehe’sheardaboutthroughwordofmouth.It’salistofnamesthatgr

owsdaily.“PeoplethinkEliotisanangel,”MayorMcClarytoldtheWashingtonPost.“AndIdotoo.”27．Accordingtothetext,whichwordscanbe

stdescribeMiddleton?A．Outgoingandorganized.B．Modestandoptimistic.C．Generousandcautious.D．Caringandskillful.【文章内容定位】根据文章第三段中的“He’dhearda

boutLee’sdifficultsituationfromhernephewFrankMcClary,themayorofAndrews,SouthCarolina.OnChristmasmorning,MiddletonshowedupunannouncedatLee’sh

omewithagift:awhite1993Oldsmobile.(他从李的侄子、南卡罗来纳州安德鲁斯市市长弗兰克·麦克拉里那里听说了她的困难处境。圣诞节早晨，米德尔顿突然出现在李的家中，带着一份礼物:一辆1993年的白色奥兹莫比尔。)”以及文中提到他给很多人捐赠了二手车可知，米德尔顿

是一个很有爱心的人；根据第三段“EliotMiddleton,38,whoistheownerofabarbecuerestaurantandformerautomechanic,inhisfreetime,repairsandgivesawayusedcars.(38岁的艾略特·米德尔顿是一家

烧烤餐厅的老板，以前是一名汽车修理工。他在业余时间修理和赠送二手车。)”。→关键词→agift:awhite1993Oldsmobile（带着一份礼物:一辆1993年的白色奥兹莫比尔）→repairsandgivesaway（修理和赠送）【选项D】caring(有爱心的)和ski

llful(有技能的)【思维连接】关键词repairs→skillful(有技能的)关键词givesaway→caring(有爱心的)【典例3】【2022届安徽省合肥市高三第二次教学质量检测】Duringschoo

llife,MuhammadTariqKhandevelopedaninterestinplayingbadminton.Unfortunately,the选项Dcaring(有爱心的)和skillful(有技能的)schooldidnothaveacoach,sohehadtose

lf-learnthesport.Hisdedicationhelpedhimbecomeanunder12PakistanChampionattheageof10.Comingfromaworking-classfamily,Khanhadtoworkinafact

orytoearnmoneyforhisfamily.Butdrivenbyhispassion,Khanfoundoutwaystowatchotherplayersplaymatchesonthebadmintoncourtandhelearnedvari

oustechniquesusedbyexperiencedplayers.Meanwhile,Khanpracticedbadmintonbyhittingtheshuttlecock(羽毛球)againstthewallso

fhishome.Seeinghispassionforthesport,hisfamilyboughthimanet,afewwoodenrackets,andapackofshuttlestopracticeathome.Later,Khanoftenprac

ticedinanopencourt.Tomaintainstrength,hewentondailymorningsprints(短跑)bytheriversidetobefit.Hisintensepracticesessionshadmadeh

imsoskilledthathecourageouslyattackedandplayedagainstthetop-rankedplayers.Soonhebecameaknownplayer.Althoughhehadasupportivefamily,hecouldnot

takeupbadmintonasafull-timecareer.Inordertohelphisfatherwithfinancesandshoulderresponsibilityforhisbrothersandsi

sters,hehadtoswitchhisfocustobuildalong-lastingandstablecareertosustainhisfamily.AftercompletinghisdegreeinBachelorofCommercefromSind

hUniversityin1964,hejoinedthePakistanInternationalAirlinesin1967.Asanadult,heacknowledgedtheimportance

ofhisdutiesandperformedthemwithgreatenthusiasm.Despitehisdailyofficeroutine,Khandidnotleavehispassionforsportsa

ndplayedregularly.ThejourneyofKhan’sachievinghisgoalsisindeedchallenging.Hisfamilyhadspenttheirinitialdaysinarefugee(难民

)camp.Khaneverwalkedlongdistancesfromcollegetohishousetoavoidusingpublictransporttosavecashtobuyshuttlecocks.Today

hehasbeenrecognizedbymanyreputablePakistaniplatformsforhiscontributiontobadminton.Hispersonalityisinspirationalformanyyoungind

ividuals,whocanlearnfromhimtheartofbalancinglifepressuresandstickingtoapassion!7．WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeKhan?A．Responsiblean

ddetermined.B．Modestandcreative.C．Ambitiousandadventurous.D．Cooperativeandhonest.【文章内容定位】由第三段中的“Inordertohelphisfatherwithfinancesandshoulderres

ponsibilityforhisbrothersandsisters,hehadtoswitchhisfocustobuildalong-lastingandstablecareertosustainhisfamil

y.(为了帮助父亲解决经济问题，承担起照顾兄弟姐妹的责任，他不得不将注意力转移到建立一个长期稳定的职业来维持家庭)”可知，Khan为了养家转移职业重心，说明他很负责任；由第二段中的“Comingfromaworking-classfamily,Khanhadtoworkinafactorytoea

rnmoneyforhisfamily.(Khan来自工人阶级家庭，他不得不在工厂工作为家人挣钱)”，第三段中的“Soonhebecameaknownplayer.(很快他就成了一名著名的运动员)”和倒数第二段中的“ThejourneyofKhan’sachievinghisgoals

isindeedchallenging.(Khan实现目标的过程确实充满挑战)”。→关键词→responsibility，challenging【选项A】A．responsible（负责任的）anddetermined（有决心的）【思维连接】文章关键词→responsib

ility→responsible（负责任的）关键词→challenging→determined（有决心的）【典例4】【辽宁省辽东南普通高中协作校2021-2022学年高三下学期第一次模拟】Ibecameawareofmystutter(结巴)whenIwasaround9,

inthefourthgrade.Ibegantoseehowotherpeopleviewedme.Whentheteacheraskedthewholeclassquestions,Ineverraisedmyhandt

houghIknewtheanswer,becauseIknewIwouldstutter.SomekidswouldtellmethatItalkedfunny,askwhyIdidn'ttalknormall

y,orlaughatme.Assoonasthatstartedtohappen,Ibecamemoreintroverted(内向的).Itwasn'tuntilthesummerof2015,beforefreshmanyea

rathighschool.Allmyfriendsandmyparentsencouragedmetojointhehighschoolfootballteam.Iowedmuchtothem,especiallyCoachLanewhotaughtmehowt

oplayfootball.Hetookthetime-andhadthepatience-toactuallyteachmewhattodo,howtodoitandhowtounderstandtheconce

ptsofplay.Injunioryear,Istartedmyfirstgameforthehighschoolteam.IhadaverygoodseasonandinJanuary2018,IsignedtheUniversityofNorthCar

olina.Theolderweget,themoreofanunderstandingwehaveabouttheworldandotherpeople.Sothefirsttimemyteammatesinco

llegeheardmetalkandheardthatIstuttered,theydidnotsayathing.ThatwasabigdealtomebecauseIwassousedtopeoplemakingcomments.

Myteammatesactuallytellmetoslowdownbecausetalkingfastercausesmetostuttermore.It'sreallyhelpedmedevelopconfidence.WheneverIgobackhometoGeorgia

,Ivolunteerwithchildrenatmychurch,includingthosewhohavelearningdisabilities.Iliketodothattoinspirethemwithconfidence.Ihadconfidenceiss

ueswhenIwasakidbecauseofmystutter,soIjustdon'twantthemtohavetogothroughwhatIdid.Inthefuture,Iwouldliketo

startafoundationtogivebacktopeoplewhostutterandcreateaprogramwherekidsallacrosstheworldwhohaveastuttercanhaveas

afespace.30．Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheauthor?A．responsible（负责任的）anddetermined（有决心的）A．Gratefulandcaring.B．H

elpfulandtalkative.C．Athleticandgenerous.D．Confidentandpatient.【文章内容定位】根据第二段“Iowedmuchtothem,especiallyCoachLanew

hotaughtmehowtoplayfootball.(我要归功于他们，特别是教练Lane教我怎样踢足球)”可知，作者很感激朋友和父母，特别是教练。根据第三段“Sothefirsttimemyteammatesincollegeheardmetalkandheard

thatIstuttered,theydidnotsayathing.(第一次我的大学舍友听我谈话，听我结巴，但是他们没有说什么)”可知，作者对舍友们的理解表示感激。根据最后一段“WheneverIg

obackhometoGeorgia,Ivolunteerwithchildrenatmychurch,includingthosewhohavelearningdisabilities.(当我回到家乡Georgia，我在教堂里做志愿者，帮助有困难的孩子们)”。关键内容Iowedmuchtot

hem→Grateful；关键内容volunteerwithchildrenatmychurch→caring【选项A】A．Gratefulandcaring【思维连接】关键内容Iowedmuchtothem→Grateful关键内容

volunteerwithchildrenatmychurch→caring【典例5】【2022届山东省潍坊市高三下学期3月高中学科核心素养测评】Seminolewasfartooaccustomedtothebusiness.Everyonesympathizedwi

thhimdependingonlonghours,minimumwage,andill-manneredcustomers.Althoughstrugglingtopayhisrent,hestillwentallouttomakethoseluckyenoughtositathistable

slaugh.Thedaywasgoingquick.Hewasexhaustedwhenhearrivedtoworkthenextday,buthewentabouthisdailyduties,puttingonabravefac

eascustomerscomplainedaboutthefoodorquestionedthebill.Usuallyashepreparedtocloseforthenight,acoupleofcustomerswouldsitdownandorderdrinks.Mosto

fthecrewhadleftbyclosingtime,butSeminolestayedtoserve.Eventually,thelastroundwasorderedandhegavethemthebill.Theminimumtipwassuggestedonthere

ceipt.“Tomorrowwillbebetter,”murmuredhe.Butluckwasn’tonhisside.Eveningapproaching,agroupofteenagerssteppedin.Thankf

ully,theywerepoliteandrespectful.Theircheerfulbehaviorbegantoruboffonhim.Asalways,hedidhisbesttomaketh

eirdiningexperienceapleasantone.Oncetheyfinishedtheirdishes,heplacedthebillonthetable,accompaniedwithsomecandies.Theyplac

edtheirnotesonthereceiptandleftsmiling.Whenhereturnedtoclearthetable,hewasshocked.Theteenagersonlyleftatipo

f$3,buttheirtotalbillwasmorethan$100.He’dgoneaboveandbeyondservingthetastydishes.Howcouldtheybesorude?Laterthatweek,hestruggledto

letgooftheawkwardmemories.HearrivedatworkandexpectedittobelikeA．Gratefulandcaringanyother,buttherewas

somethingleftbehindthedeskforhim—atwo-pagehandwrittenletterfromtheteenagerswith$18attached,inwhichtheye

xplainedtheywereunawareofthetippingpracticeduetoitbeingtheirfirsttimeoutalone.Everythingsuddenlymadesense.Seminolewassotouchedb

ytheirgesturethatheuploadedapictureofthelettersharingtheiradmirableefforts.Webvisitorsvoicedtheiropinions,an

dthereactionwasmorethanpositive.6．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesSeminole?A．Patientandinnovative.B．Ge

nerousandtolerant.C．Positiveandcommitted.D．Considerateandambitious.【文章内容定位】根据第一段中的“Althoughstrugglingtopayhisren

t,hestillwentallouttomakethoseluckyenoughtositathistableslaugh.(尽管付不起房租，他还是竭尽全力让那些有幸坐在他桌旁的人开怀大笑)”，第二段中的“Mostofthecrewhad

leftbyclosingtime,butSeminolestayedtoserve.(大多数店员在打烊时离开了，但塞米诺尔留下来服务)”和““Tomorrowwillbebetter,”murmuredhe.(“明天会更好，”他喃

喃地说)”及第三段中的“Asalways,hedidhisbesttomaketheirdiningexperienceapleasantone.(像往常一样，他尽力使他们的用餐体验愉快)”可推知，尽管塞米诺尔

过得很贫困，但是他一直很乐观，而且尽心尽力的做好自己的工作。故选C。【选项C】6．CPositiveandcommitted【试题精练】1.【2022届重庆市普通高等学校招生全国统一考试高考模拟调研卷（三）】Someofuslovetobuya

littletreateverynowandthen.Others?Theycan’thelpbutordersomethingnearlyeverydayoftheweek.However,therewasadifferentkindofpackageabouttoarri

veatthisdoorasthiswoman’sbirthdaymeantonething:awonderfulcake.EmilyandMachavebeentogetherforthelast19yearsandhavebeenmarriedfor12.A

lthoughEmilyadmittedthepairhaveastrongrelationship,shesaidthatMachasn’talwaysbeenthebestatbuyinggifts.App

arently,hedoesn’tusuallyplananysurprises.Macsoonrealizedthereweremoreandmoreparcelsturningupattheirdoor,an

dtherewasonlyonepersontoblame:Emily.Itlooksasthoughheronlinespendinghabitshadgottenoutofcontrol.LittledidEmilyknow,butthiswasthestartofagrandidea

.Emilycamehometofindanewpackageonherdoorstep.Onlythistime,itwasn’tanAmazonbox,butabirthdaycake!Emilywascompletelyfooledbythecakethank

stotherealisticpackagingtapeandpostingnote,butsoonrealizedthetruthwhenshecutintotheside.Infact,Emilywassoimpressedwiththecreationth

atshewantedtomeetthebakerybehindthecake.ThatwasnoneotherthantheSweetDreamsBakeryofDunn.Amazingly,thecakecostonly$50,butthethoughtbehindth

edesignmeanteverythingtoEmily.Sometimes,itcanfeelasthoughourpartnersareneverlisteningtowhatwehavetosay.However,theyoccasionallynoti

cethingsaboutusthatevenwedidn’trealize.Emily’sonlineshoppingmighthaveseemednormal,butitwasthestartofthegreatestcakedesignshe

’dseen.1．WhatdoesEmilyusuallythinkofMac?A．Hedoesn’treallylovehiswifeverymuch.B．Hedoesn’tbuyheranysurprisinggift.C．Hedoesn’twa

nttospendmuchonhergifts.D．Hedoesn’tlikeanyshoppingonline.2．Whatisthenewpackagelike?A．Itisatraditionalbirthdaycake.B．Itisacommononlineshoppingpac

kage.C．Itisacakelookinglikeanormalpackage.D．Itisanexpensivecakewithaspecialtaste.3．HowwouldEmilyfeelaftershereceivedthegift?A．Ashamed.B

．Regretful.C．Disappointed.D．Amazed.4．Whatcanwelearnfromthestory?A．Thoughtfulnessandcreativitymakeswonder.B．Agoodwifemakesagoodhusband.C．A

ctionsreallyspeaklouderthanwords.D．Loveisjustakindofmadness.【答案】1．B2．C3．D4．A【解析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了艾米丽在生日这天收到了一个特别的包裹，一个来自于他不会制造惊喜的丈夫的礼物，一块美妙的生日蛋糕。1．细节理解题

。由文章第二段后半部分“AlthoughEmilyadmittedthepairhaveastrongrelationship,shesaidthatMachasn'talwaysbeenthebestatbuyinggifts

.Apparently,hedoesn'tusuallyplananysurprises.（虽然艾米丽承认这对夫妇的关系很好，但她说，麦克并不总是最擅长买礼物。显然，他通常不计划任何惊喜。）”可知，Emily认为她的丈夫没给她买什么惊喜的礼物。故选

B项。2．细节理解题。由第四段“Emilycamehometofindanewpackageonherdoorstep.Onlythistime,itwasn'tanAmazonbox,butabirthdaycake!Emilywas

completelyfooledbythecakethankstotherealisticpackagingtapeandpostingnote,butsoonrealizedthetruthwhenshecutintotheside.（艾米丽回到家，发现她的

门阶上有一个新的包裹。只是这一次，它不是一个亚马逊盒子，而是一个生日蛋糕!多亏了逼真的包装胶带和邮寄纸条，艾米丽完全被蛋糕所迷惑，但当她切开蛋糕的侧面时，很快就明白了真相。）”可知，新包装看起来像普通包装的蛋糕。故选C项。3．推理判断题。由第二段后半部

分“shesaidthatMachasn’talwaysbeenthebestatbuyinggifts.Apparently,hedoesn’tusuallyplananysurprises.（但她说，麦克并不总是最擅长买礼物。显然，他通常不

计划任何惊喜。）”根据倒数第二段“Infact,Emilywassoimpressedwiththecreationthatshewantedtomeetthebakerybehindthecake.”（事实上，艾米丽对这个

创意印象深刻，她想见见蛋糕背后的面包店。）根据最后一段“However,theyoccasionallynoticethingsaboutusthatevenwedidn’trealize.”（然而，他们偶尔会注意到一些连我们都没

有意识到的事情）可知，Emily认为Mac不会制造惊奇，由此可以推断，这次收到的蛋糕让她意想不到，所以她会感到惊喜。故选D项。4．推理判断题。从整个故事以及最后一段“Sometimes,itcanfeelast

houghourpartnersareneverlisteningtowhatwehavetosay.However,theyoccasionallynoticethingsaboutusthatevenwedidn'treal

ize.（有时，我们会觉得我们的伴侣好像从来没有听过我们说什么。然而，他们偶尔会注意到一些连我们都没有意识到的事情）”可知，Mac在妻子生日送蛋糕是体贴，注意到妻子喜欢网购，所以这件礼物外形像网购包裹，内容却是生日蛋糕，这可有创意了。故通过这个故事学到了体

贴和创意制造出了惊喜。故选A项。2.【2022届福建省高三下学期4月诊断性测试】EradajereOleitathinksshemayhaveapartialsolutionfortwoofourcounty’slongstandi

ngproblems:garbageandpoverty.It’scalledtheChipBagProject.The26-year-oldstudentandenvironmentalistfromDetroitisas

kingafavoroflocalsnacklovers:RatherthanthrowyouremptyChipbagsinthetrash,donatethemsoshecanturntheminto

sleepingbagsforthehomeless.ChipeatersdropofftheiremptybagsfromDoritos,Lay’s,andotherfavoritesattwolocationsinDetroit:aprintshopandaclo

thingstore,whereOleitaandhervolunteerhelperscollectthem.Aftertheycleanthechipbagsinsoapyhotwater,theyslicethe

nopen,laythemfat,andironthemtogether.Ittakesaboutfourhourstosewasleepingbag,andeachtakesaround150to300chipbags,dependingonwhetherthey’resingle-serve

orfamilysize.Theresultisasleepingbagthatis“waterproof,lightweight,andeasytocarryaround,”OleitatoldtheDetroilNews.Sinceitsstartin2020,theChipBagProje

cthascollectedmorethan80,000chipbagsand,asoflastDecember,created110sleepingbags.Sure,itwouldbesimplertoraisethemoneytobuynewseepingba

gs.Butthat’sonlyhalfthegoalforOleita—whosefamilymovedtotheUnitedStatesfromNigeriaadecadeagowiththehopeofattainingabe

tterlife—andherfellowvolunteers.“Wearecommittedtomakinganimpactnotonlysocially,butenvironmentally,”shesays.And,ofc

ourse,there’sthesymbolismofsalvagingbagsthatwouldotherwiselandinthetrashandusingthemtohelpthehomeless.I’sapowerful

reminderthatenvironmentalinjusticeandpovertyoftengohandinhand.AsOleitatoldhourdetroitcom:“Ithinkit’stim

etoshowconnectionsbetweenalloftheseissues.”1．WhatisthepurposeoftheChipBagProject?A．Tomakedonationsforthehomeless.B．Todealwithgarbagean

dsleepingbags.C．Tostoppollutioncausedbysnacklovers.D．Toprotecttheenvironmentandreducepoverty.2．HowdidOleitagetmaterialsforsleepingbags?A．Byturningtoc

hipeaters.B．Byproducingchipbags.C．Bypurchasingsnacks.D．Bycooperatingwiththepoor.3．Whichoftheflowingcanbes

texplaintheunderlinedword“salvaging”inthelastparagraph?A．Sewing.B．Designing.C．Emptying.D．Recycling.4．Whichofhefollowingbestd

escribesEradajereOleita?A．Devotedandcreative.B．Determinedandhonest.C．Ambitiousandhumorous.D．Caringandindependent.【答案】1．D2．A3．D4．A【解析】这是一篇说明文。

文章主要介绍了一个名为ChipBagProject的公益项目，通过回收空薯片袋，为无家可归者制作睡袋，既保护了环境，又减少了贫困。1．推理判断题。根据第一段关键句“EradajereOleitathinksshemayhaveapartialsolutionfor

twoofourcounty’slongstandingproblems:garbageandpoverty.It’scalledtheChipBagProject.(EradajereOleita认为，她或许可以部分解决我们县的两个长期问题：垃

圾和贫困。它叫做ChipBagProject)”可知，为了解决垃圾和贫困问题，EradajereOleita开展了ChipBagProject。由此可知，ChipBagProject的目的是保护环境和减少贫困。故选D项。2．细节理解题。根据第一段关键句“The26-year-old

studentandenvironmentalistfromDetroitisaskingafavoroflocalsnacklovers:RatherthanthrowyouremptyChipbagsinthet

rash,donatethemsoshecanturnthemintosleepingbagsforthehomeless.(这位来自底特律的26岁学生和环保人士请求当地零食爱好者帮忙：与其把你的空薯片袋

扔到垃圾桶里，不如把它们捐出来，这样她就可以把它们变成无家可归者的睡袋)”可知，制作睡袋的材料是空薯片袋，为了获得空薯片袋，Oleita请求当地的零食爱好者帮忙，让他们把空薯片袋捐出来。由此可知，Oleita是通

过向吃薯片的人求助来获得睡袋材料的。故选A项。3．词义猜测题。根据第三段关键句“Ittakesaboutfourhourstosewasleepingbag,andeachtakesaround150to300chipbags,de

pendingonwhetherthey’resingle-serveorfamilysize.(缝制一个睡袋大约需要四个小时，每个睡袋大约需要150到300个薯片袋，这取决于它们是提供给个人的大小还是家庭的大小)”和倒数第二段关

键句““Wearecommittedtomakinganimpactnotonlysocially,butenvironmentally,”shesays.(“我们致力于不仅在社会上，而且在环境上产生影响，”她说)”可知，ChipBagProject的目的之一是保护环境，通过回收空薯片袋，为无家

可归者制作睡袋。由此可知，划线单词所在句指的是回收那些本来会被扔在垃圾桶里的袋子，并用它们来帮助无家可归的人，划线词salvaging与“recycling(回收)”意思接近。故选D项。4．推理判断题。根据第一段

关键句“The26-year-oldstudentandenvironmentalistfromDetroitisaskingafavoroflocalsnacklovers:RatherthanthrowyouremptyChipbag

sinthetrash,donatethemsoshecanturnthemintosleepingbagsforthehomeless.(这位来自底特律的26岁学生和环保人士请求当地零食爱好者帮忙：与其把你的空薯片袋扔到垃圾桶里，不如把它们捐出来，这样她

就可以把它们变成无家可归者的睡袋)”可知，Oleita通过回收空薯片为无家可归者制作睡袋，这是一个有创造性的想法；根据倒数第三段内容“Sinceitsstartin2020,theChipBagProjectha

scollectedmorethan80,000chipbagsand,asoflastDecember,created110sleepingbags.(自2020年启动以来，ChipBagProject已经收集了超过80000个薯片袋，截至去年12月，

已经创造了110个睡袋)”可知，Oleita是一个有奉献精神的人。由此推知，EradajereOleita是一个有奉献精神和创造性的人。故选A项。3.【湖南省长沙市雅礼中学2021-2022学年高三下学期月考（七）】Twoyearsago,NikkiTysoerare

lygotonabike.Today,though,she’sbecomesoaddictedtothecyclingworldthatshe’sevenhelpingtobringpedalpowertomental-healthnursesatthehospitalwheresh

eworks.InApril,theNationalLottery-fundedcharityAccessSportintroducedaprogramthatprovidesbikestoTowerHamlets’RoyalLondonHo

spital.NikkipushedforthistobeextendedtoGoodmayesHospital,amental-healthfacilityinnortheastLondonwhereshe’saprojectmanager.Shesayshavingthebikes

notonlyenablesnursingstafftotravelsafelytoandfromworkduringthecoronaviruscrisis,butalsoletsthemblowoffsteamduringtheirbr

eaks.Nikkiwantedtodosomethingtomakelifeabitbetterforthestaff.There’salotoffocusonthehospitalsatthemomentwhicharehavingana

wfultimebutthisisalsoanextra-stressfultimeformentalhealthstaff.Thebikesprovideacomplementtoa“wobbleroom”within

thehospital.It’ssomewherethestaffcangowhenthey’rereallystressed,andthebikesareanextensionofthat.JuniordoctorAimanisverygratefulfortheprogr

am.“UsingthebikemeansIcangettoworksafely,”shesays.“Thishastakenoutalotofworriesfrommydailylifeandallowsme

tofocusonmypatients.It’sdefinitelyimprovedmymentalwellbeing.”Stresslevelsaregenerallyhighinnursingandhavingbikeswouldmakeabigdiffer

ence.WhileAccessSporthasprovidedNikkiwithbikes,herdreamistohavethreeorfourbicyclespermanentlyonsite.Followingthe

successofthebikeloans,Nikkiisworkingtoextendtheprojectbeyondlockdown.1．WhydidNikkiwanttoextendtheprogramtoGoodmayesHos

pital?A．Tomakeherhobbyknown.B．Togetnursestocycleforhealth.C．Tofightagainstthecoronaviruscrisis.D．Toguaranteetrafficsafety.2

．Whatmightanursefeelingstresseddoina“wobbleroom”？A．Attendtopatients.B．Reflectonthework.C．Listentomusicandrelax.D．Receiveprofessionaltraining.

3．WhatcanweinferabouttheprogramaccordingtodoctorAiman?A．Itmeetschallenges.B．Itisagreatsuccess.C．Itboostssalesofbikes.D．Itispopularamongpatient

s.4．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesNikki?A．Caring.B．Demanding.C．Ambitious.D．Generous.【答案】1．B2．C3．B4．A【解析】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了GoodmayesHo

spital医院的项目经理NikkiTysoe为医院引入自行车项目，帮助护理人员的缓解工作压力。1．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Shesayshavingthebikesnotonlyenablesnursingstafftotravelsafel

ytoandfromworkduringthecoronaviruscrisis,butalsoletsthemblowoffsteamduringtheirbreaks.(她说，拥有这些自行车不仅能让护理人员在冠状病毒危机

期间安全地上下班，而且还能让他们在休息时发泄情绪)”可知，Nikki希望将这一项目引入GoodmayesHospital，因为她认为骑自行车能帮助护理人员发泄情绪，有利于她们的健康。故选B项。2．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Thebikesprovideacom

plementtoa‘wobbleroom’withinthehospital.It’ssomewherethestaffcangowhenthey’rereallystressed,andthebikesareanextensionofthat.(这些自行车

为医院内的“摇摆室”提供了补充。当员工感到压力时，他们可以去那里，而自行车增加了另一种解压的方式)”可知，wobbleroom是员工们释放压力的地方，结合选项，可推知，员工们在那里可以听音乐和放松。故选C项。3．细节理解题。根据第四段中Aiman的话“T

hishastakenoutalotofworriesfrommydailylifeandallowsmetofocusonmypatients.It’sdefinitelyimprovedmymentalwellbeing.(这消除了我日常生活中的很多烦恼，让我可以专注于我

的病人。它确实提升了我的心理健康)”可知，Aiman医生认为自行车项目是有效的，是成功的。故选B项。4．推理判断题。通读全文并结合第三段中“Nikkiwantedtodosomethingtomakelifeabitbetterforthe

staff.(Nikki想做点什么让员工的生活好一点)”可知，Nikki为了缓解医院护理人员的压力，主动引入自行车项目，说明她是一个关爱员工，关心他人的人。故选A项。4.【海南省琼海市嘉积中学等四校2021-2022学年高三下学期联考】La

stSeptember,BritishartistSachaJafrisettherecordforcreatingtheworld'slargestpainting.Lastweek,thepainting

wassoldfor$62million,whichwillgotocharity.Lastyear,astheCOVID-19spreadandmanycountrieswentintolockdown,

Mr.JafriwasinDubai.Ratherthanfeelingstuck,Mr.Jafridecidedtotakeonahugeprojectthatcould“makeareallybigdifference”.Hedecidedtocreatetheworld'slargest

painting.Andhewantedtodoitinawaythatwouldincludepeoplefromaroundtheworld.Heaskedchildrentosendhimpicturesshowinghowtheywerefeelingduringthepa

ndemic(疫情).Hegotartworkfromkidsin140differentcountries.Usingthechildren'sideasasastartingpoint,Mr.Jafribegantopaintinahugedancin

groominafancyhotel.IttookMr.Jafrisevenmonthstocreatethepainting.Heworkedlonghourseveryday—oftenupto20hoursaday.Hehurthisbackbybendingoverso

muchwhilehepainted.Ittookover1,000paintbrushesand6,300litersofpainttocreatethepainting.Thepainting,whi

chwasover1,600squaremeters,wasaroundthesizeoffourbasketballcourts.Mr.Jafrihopedthathispainting,called“TheJourneyofHumanity”,wouldhelpbring

theworldtogetherduringadifficulttime.SinceMr.Jafri’sgoalwastoraisemoneytohelpchildrensufferingfromthepandemic,th

epaintingwassplitupinto70largeparts.Mr.Jafrihopedthatbysellingthepartsseparately,hecouldraise$30million.But

whentheauction(拍卖)endedonMarch22,Mr.Jafrididmuchbetterthanthat.AFrenchbusinessmanboughtallthepieces.Know

ingthatthemoneywouldgotocharityalsomotivatedhimtodecidetopaymore.Hesayshewaspoorwhenhegrewup,sohe'sgladtobehelpingchildrenaround

theworldbybuyingthepainting.1．HowdidSachaJafricreatethelargepainting?A．Hefinishedthepaintingwithkidsinhisroom.B．Hegotpaintinginspirationfromkids'pict

ures.C．Hemadethepaintingunder140kids'guidance.D．Hefilledhiswholeartworkwithkids5drawings.2．Whatcanweknowaboutthelargepainting?A．Itrema

inedcompleteallthetime.B．Ittooktheartistalotofefforts.C．Itearnedtheartistabetterliving.D．Itwasmadetosetaworldre

cord.3．WhydidSachaJafricreatethepainting?A．Tohelpfightthepandemic.B．Todevelopkid’sloveforart.C．Toshowpandemicsuffer

ings.D．Tokilltimeandseekpleasure.4．WhichofthefollowingwordscandescribetheFrenchbusinessman?A．Modestandhonest.B．Braveanddetermined.C．Sympatheti

candgenerous.D．Creativeandhardworking,【答案】1．B2．B3．A4．C【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。英国艺术家SachaJafn在去年9月创作了一幅巨型画作。这幅画最终以6200万美元的价格售出，而这笔钱将用于慈善。1.细节理解题。根据第三段“Hea

skedchildrentosendhimpicturesshowinghowtheywerefeelingduringthepandemic(疫情).Hegotartworkfromkidsin140differentcountries.(他让孩子们给他发照片，展示他们在疫情期间的感受

。他收到了来自140个国家的孩子们的作品。)”及第四段“Usingthechildren'sideasasastartingpoint,Mr.Jafribegantopaintinahugedanci

ngroominafancyhotel.(以孩子们的想法为出发点，贾夫里开始在一家豪华酒店的一间巨大的舞蹈室里作画。)”可知，SachaJafri从孩子们的画中获得了创作的灵感。故选B项。2.细节理解题。根据第四段“IttookMr.Jafrisevenmont

hstocreatethepainting.Heworkedlonghourseveryday—oftenupto20hoursaday.Hehurthisbackbybendingoversomuchwhileh

epainted.Ittookover1,000paintbrushesand6,300litersofpainttocreatethepainting.(贾夫里花了七个月的时间创作这幅画。他每天工作很长时间——经常

高达20小时。他画画时弯下腰太久，弄伤了后背。这幅画用了1000多支画笔和6300升颜料。)”可知，为了创作巨型画，艺术家SachaJafii付出了很多。故选B项。3.推理判断题。根据第五段的内容“Mr.Jafrihopedthathispainting,ca

lled"TheJourneyofHumanity",wouldhelpbringtheworldtogetherduringadifficulttime.SinceMr.Jafri'sgoalwas

toraisemoneytohelpchildrensufferingfromthepandemic,thepaintingwassplitupinto70largeparts.Mr.Jafrihopedthatbysellingthepartss

eparately,hecouldraise$30million.(贾夫里希望他的这幅名为《人性之旅》的画能帮助世界在这一艰难时期团结在一起。由于贾夫里的目标是筹集资金帮助受疫情影响的儿童，这幅画被分成了70大块。贾夫里希望，通过单独

出售这些部件，他可以筹集3000万美元。)”可推断，SachaJafn创作巨型画是为了帮助人们团结起来共同抗击疫情。故选A项。4.推理判断题。根据最后一段“Butwhentheauction(拍卖)endedonMarch22,Mr.J

afrididmuchbetterthanthat.AFrenchbusinessmanboughtallthepieces.Knowingthatthemoneywouldgotocharityalsomotivatedhimtod

ecidetopaymore.Hesayshewaspoorwhenhegrewup,sohe'sgladtobehelpingchildrenaroundtheworldbybuyingthepainting.(但当拍卖于3月22日结束时，贾夫里的表现要好得多。

一位法国商人买下了所有的作品。知道这笔钱将用于慈善事业，也促使他决定支付更多的钱。他说他小时候很穷，所以他很高兴能通过购买这幅画来帮助世界各地的孩子们。)”可知，当那位法国商人得知那幅巨型画的收益将用于慈善的时候，他愿意出更高的价格购买，他觉得能够帮助

孩子是一件快乐的事情，因为他曾经也受过苦，他更能感同身受、更乐意伸出援助之手。由此可推断，那位法国商人是一个富有同情心且慷慨的人。故选C项。5.【河北省保定市部分学校2021-2022学年高三下学期3月联考】Aftermovingfromarefugeecamp(难民营)toabigcity,

18-year-oldDhakalwantedtogivebacktohiscommunity.Afewyearsago,whileworkingatarestaurant,Dhakalmetahomelessman.Whilecleaningtab

les,hetalkedwiththeman,andthemansharedhisstoryabouthowhebecamehomeless.“Oneofthenecessitiesheneededwasclothes,sothatiswhereIgotthe

idea,”Dhakalexplained.DhakalCollectsClotheshosteditsfirstclothingdrivein2019.Hecollectedeverything,includingsocks,hats,jack

ets,coatsandshoes.“Withthatproject,Iwasabletobringsomanypeopletogetherandchangesomanylives,”saidDhakal.ForDhakal,DhakalCollectsClothesisjustas

tart.Inthefuture,hewantstoownamultimillion-dollarbusinessthatfocusesongivingitsmoneyawaytohelpothers.Tohelphimmeetthatgoal,akindp

ersonintroducedDhakaltoCuban,abillionairephilanthropist(慈善家),whoisalsooneofDhakal’sheroes.Cuban,whosaidthatheknewwha

titwasliketostruggleandwanttogiveback,gaveDhakalaspecificgoal:Collect575coatstogiveawaytothoseinneed.WhileDhakalfirststruggledtocollectc

oats,heusedapieceofadvicefromCubantogivehimself:HenetworkedwithAmy,whoworkedatalocalcharityorganization.In4da

ys,hecollectedthousandsofcoats,muchmorethanhisinitialgoal.“Ineverdreamedofcollecting3,000coats,butthepeo

plethatIconnectedwithmadeitpossible,”Dhakalsaid.“You'resettinganexample,Dhakal.Itisn'taboutconnections,”Cubansaid.“Itisn'

taboutwhoyouknow.Effort.It'sallabouthowhardyou'rewillingtoworktogetsomethingdone.”1．WhatinspiredDhakaltostarthischarityproject?A．Hi

stiringjobinarestaurant.B．Theadviceofahomelessman.C．Hisdesiretogetawayfrompoverty.D．Theexperienceofapoormanhemet.2．WhatdidCubandotohelpDhakal?A．Giv

ehimsomeusefuladvice.B．Donatelotsofclothestohim.C．Sharetheskillsinmakingmoney.D．Persuadeotherstonetworkwithhim.3．HowdidDhakalfee

lwhenhecollected3,000coats?A．Embarrassed.B．Surprised.C．Worried.D．Proud.4．WhatcontributedmosttoDhakal'sworkaccordingtoCuban?A．Theoriginalgoalofhispro

ject.B．Hisambitiousplanforthefuture.C．Hishardworkanddetermination.D．Hisconnectionswithotherpeople.【答案】1．D2．A3．B4．

C【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位来自难民营的男孩，在自己的生活好转之后，创立了自己的慈善组织，去帮助其他需要帮助的人的故事。1．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Afewyearsago,whileworkingatarestaurant,Dhakalmetahomelessman

.Whilecleaningtables,hetalkedwiththeman,andthemansharedhisstoryabouthowhebecamehomeless.“Oneofthenecessitiesheneed

edwasclothes,sothatiswhereIgottheidea,”Dhakalexplained.(几年前，达卡尔在一家餐馆工作时遇到了一个无家可归的人。在擦桌子的时候，他和那个人聊天，那个人

分享了他成为无家可归者的故事。达卡尔解释说:“他需要的必需品之一就是衣服，所以我就有了这个想法。”)”可知，他在餐馆工作时遇到一个无家可归的人，这个人的故事促使他创立自己的慈善组织。故选D。2．细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的最后一句“Cuban,whosaidthathekne

wwhatitwasliketostruggleandwanttogiveback,gaveDhakalaspecificgoal:Collect575coatstogiveawaytothoseinneed.（Cuban给了Dhakal一个特定的目标：收集575件衣服分发给那些有

需要的人。）”以及第五段中的第一句“WhileDhakalfirststruggledtocollectcoats,heusedapieceofadvicefromCubantogivehimself:HenetworkedwithAmy,whoworkedatalocalc

harityorganization.（尽管Dhakal最开始收集衣服很难，但他采用了Cuban给他的一条建议：与在当地慈善机构工作的Amy合作。）”可知，Cuban给Dhakal一些建议，建议他设定一个具体的目标。故选A。3．

推理判断题。根据文章第六段““Ineverdreamedofcollecting3,000coats,butthepeoplethatIconnectedwithmadeitpossible,”Dhakalsaid.（说道：“我从来没想过能受到3000件衣服

，但是我联系的那些人让我做到了”。）”可知，Dhakal以前从未想过能募集到三千件外套，所以他感到很惊讶，故选B。4．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Effort.It'sallabouthowhardyou'rewillingtoworkt

ogetsomethingdone.（是努力让你完成了这件事。）”可知，Cuban认为Dhakal的努力是他成功的关键，故选C。获得更多资源请扫码加入享学资源网微信公众号www.xiangxue100.com