山西省大同一中2022~2023学年高一上学期期中考试英语试卷

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2022~2023学年第一学期高一期中考试英语试卷英语命题人郭连弟审核人李雯(试卷满分100分,考试时间90分钟)第一部分阅读理解(共两节,20小题,每小题2分,满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)AWhetheryou’remaki

ngaone-offtriptoLondonoryou’rearegularvisitor,usinganOystertravelsmartcardistheeasiestwaytotravelaroundthecity’spublictranspo

rtnetwork.AdvantagesofaVisitorOysterCardAVisitorOysterCardisoneofthebestwaystopayforsinglejourneysonth

ebus,tube,DLR,tram,LondonOver-groundandmostNationalRailservicesinLondon:•Savetime-yourcardisreadytouseassoonasyouarriveinLond

on.•It’smorethan50%cheaperthanbuyingapapertravelcardorsingleticketswithcash.•Thereisadailypricecap-onceyou

havereachedthislimit,youwon’tpayanymore.•EnjoyspecialoffersandpromotionsatleadingLondonrestaurants,shops,anden

tertainmentvenues—plusdiscountsontheEmiratesAirLinecablecarandThamesClippersRiverbuses.BuyaVisitorOysterCardBuyaVisitorOyster

cardbeforeyouvisitLondonandgetitdeliveredtoyourhomeaddress.Acardcosts£3(non-refundable)pluspostage.OrderonlineandarrivewithyourOysterinhand!Youcanals

obuyaVisitorOystercardfromGatwickExpressticketofficesatGatwickAirportStationandon-boardEurostartrainstravelli

ngtoLondon.TopUp(充值)YourVisitorOysterCardYoucanchoosehowmuchcredittoaddtoyourcard.IfyouarevisitingLond

onfortwodays,youcanstartwith£20credit.Ifyourunoutofcredit,addcreditatthefollowinglocations:•Touchscreenticketmachinesintube,

DLR,LondonOver-groundandsomeNationalRailstations.•Around4,000OysterTicketStopsfoundinnewsagentsandsmallshopsacrossLondon.•TFLVisit

orandTravelInformationCenters.•TubeandLondonOver-groundstationticketoffices.•EmiratesAirLineterminals.1.WhatbenefitwillyougetfromaVi

sitorOysterCardwhentravellinginLondon?A.Itallowsyoutohavemealsfreeofcharge.B.Itsavesyoumoneyontranspor

tation.C.Itprovidesa50%discountataLondonshop.D.Itincreasesyourworkingefficiency.2.HowmanywaysarementionedtobuyaVisitorOysterCardinthepassage?A.4.B.5.

C.2.D.3.3.WherecanyoutopupyourVisitorOystercard?A.AtGatwickExpressticketoffices.B.OntheInternet.C.Atatubestationtick

etoffice.D.OnEurostartrains.BLastyearIruinedmysummervacationbybringingalongamodemconveniencethatwastooconvenientformyown

good:theiPad.Insteadoflookingatnature,Icheckedmyemail.Insteadofpaddlingasmallboat,IfollowedmyTwitterfeed.Insteadofreadinggreatnov

els,Istucktoreadingfournewspaperseachmorning.IwasbehavingasifIwerestillintheoffice.Mybodywasonvacationbutmyheadwasn’t.SothisyearIm

adeupmymindtotrysomethingdifferent:withdrawalfromtheInternet.Iknewitwouldn’tbeeasysinceI’mbadatself-control.But

Iwasdetermined.IstartedbygivingtheiPadtomywife.Thecellphonesignalatourhousewasworsethaninthepast,mak

ingmyattemptsatcheatinganexperienceinfrustration.Iwastrapped,forcedtogothroughwithmyplan.Largelycutofffrome-m

ail,Twitterandmyfavoritenewspaperwebsites,Ihadfewwaystoconnecttotheworldexceptforradioandhowmuchradiocanonelistento,really?IhadtodowhatIhadplan

nedtoallalong:readbooks.Thisexperiencehashadahappyending.Withdeterminationandthestrongsupportofmywife,IwoninmyvacationstruggleagainsttheInt

ernet,realizingfinallythatitwasI,nottheiPad,thatwastheproblem.IknewIhadwonwhenwepassedaStarbucksandmywifeask

edifIwantedtostoptousetheWi-Fi.“Idon’tneedit,”Isaid.However,aswereturntopost-vacationlife,ahardertestbegins:CanIcontinuewhenI’mbacktowork?Therearetim

eswhentheneedtoknowwhat’sbeingsaidrightnowisgreat.AndIhavenointentionofgivingupmyconveniencecompletely.ButIhopeto

resistthetemptation(诱惑)tocheckmye-maileveryfiveminutes,whichleadstocheckingmyTwitterfeedandawebsiteort

wo.Ithinkavacationissupposedtohelpyouresetyourbraintobecomemoreproductive.HereIhopethisoneworked.4.Whatdoweknowabouttheauthor’slastsumme

rvacation?A.Hehatedhimselfforactingasifhewereatworkonvacation.B.Hefeltsatisfiedthathehadstucktohisusualtimetable.C.Hewasdeter

minedtoenjoythebeautifulview.D.HisiPadruinedhisplanoffinishingagreatnovel.5.WhatdidtheauthordotokeepawayfromtheInte

rnetthisyear?A.Hecutoffhiscellphonesignal.B.HehandedhisiPadtohiswife.C.Herefusedtocheatinhishouse.D.Helis

tenedtotheradiomostofthetime.6.Whenbacktowork,theauthorwillprobablychooseto______.A.continuetoreadmoreandmorebooks.B.stayawayfromtheInternetforeve

r.C.stopcheckingwhatisbeingsaidrightnowcompletely.D.keepcontrolofwhenandhowtousetheInternet.7.Whatistheauthor’sopinionofagreatvacationinthe

passage?A.Avacationishavingnothingtodobutreadallday.B.Avacationisaperiodoftimetodowhateveronewishedto.C.Avacationmeansachangeofpacetoma

keonemoreproductive.D.Avacationprovesthatalifeofpleasureisovervalued.CLosingweightcomeswithalotofhealthb

enefits—includingmakingyourbrainsharper.Yes,itturnsoutthatoverweightmaydamagecognitivefunctions(认知功能)suchasmemoryandattenti

on.Therehavebeenfewstudiesofoverweightandcognitivefunctioning,possiblybecauseitisgenerallybelievedthatitisnotaprimaryriskcauseforpoorcogni

tiveperformance.Losingweight,therefore,mayhelpimprovethesementalfunctions,accordingtoanewresearchledbyJohnGunstad,assi

stantprofessorofpsychologyatKentStateUniversity.Growingevidencesuggeststhatbeingfatislinkedtocognitivedeficits(缺陷).SoGunstadandhisteamguessedtha

tlosingweightmightimprovementalfunction.Fortheirstudy,theymeasuredmemoryandattentioninagroupof150overweightparticipants,someofwhomhadso

mekindofoperationforweightlossandsomedidnot.Allofthevolunteerscompletedmentalskillsteststoassesstheirabilitiesofmemoryandattentionatthebeginningo

fthestudy,andagain12weekslater.Tobeginwith,about24%ofthepatientsshoweddamagedlearningand23%showedsignsofpoormemorywhentested.Atthe

endofthestudy,thosewhohadlostweightafteroperationimprovedtheirscoresintotheaverageoraboveaveragerangeforcognitivefunctions.Scoresfor

thevolunteerswhodidn’tloseweightdroppedevenfurther.ThestudyhelpedGunstadtofindoutwhetherlosingweighthadanyeffectonmentalfunction.Nowthathe’sseen

thepositiveeffectthatweightlosscanhaveonmemoryandattention,hesayshewillnextstudythosewhochoosetoloseweightbythetraditionalway—e

atinghealthierandgettingmoreactive.Heexpectsthatlosingweightinthiswaywillhaveasimilarlypositiveeffectonthebra

in.“Ifwecanimprovetheconditionwithoperations,thenwecanprobablyproducethesamechangewithbehavioralweight

lossaswell,”hesays.8.Thereislessresearchonoverweightandcognitivefunctionsbecauseresearchers________.A.believeoverweightonlyaffectsourbodyB

.havefocusedonwaystosharpenpeople’smindC.areclearabouttherelationbetweenweightandmentalfunctionsD.donotconsideroverweightamaincauseforl

owcognitiveability9.TheresultofGunstad’sstudyshowsthat________.A.losingweightcanimprovepeople’smentalfun

ctionsB.losingweighthaslittleeffectonpeople’smemoryC.overweightpeoplearelikelytohavepsychologyproblemsD.overweightpeople’sabilitieso

fconcentrationdiffergreatly10.WhatisGunstadplanningtoprovenextinhisresearch?A.Slimpeoplearesmarterthanoverweightpeople.B.Healthydietisb

etterthanexerciseinlosingweight.C.Overweightpeoplewillgetsmarterbytakingmoreexercise.D.Traditionalwaysoflosingwe

ightarebetterthanoperation.11.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.BodyWeightandHealthB.Losin

gWeightbyOperationC.LosingWeighttoSharpenYourMindD.WaystoImproveMentalFunctionsDAstudyofviolinistsfoundthatme

relygoodplayerspractisedasmuchasbetterplayers,leavingotherfactorssuchasqualityofeducation,learningskillsandperh

apsnaturaltalenttoaccountforthedifference.Thisfindingchallengesthe10,000-hourrulepromotedinMalcolmGladwell’s1993s

tudyofviolinistsandpianists.Gladwellstatesthatenoughpracticewillmakeanexpertofanyone.“Theideahasbeenpopularandentrenchedinourcultureforyears.It’

snotanidiombutanoverstatement,”saidBrookeMacnamara,theleadauthor.“Whenitcomestohumanskill,acomplexcombinationofenvironmenta

lfactorsandgeneticfactorsexplainstheperformancedifferencesacrosspeople.”Macnamaraandhercolleaguessetouttorepeatpartofthe1993studytoseewhethert

heyreachedthesameconclusion.Theyinterviewedthreegroupsof13violinistsregardedasbest,good,orlessaccomplish

edabouttheirpracticehabits,beforehavingthemcompletedailydiariesoftheiractivitiesoveraweek.Whiletheles

sskillfulviolinistsreachedanaverageofabout6,000hoursofpracticebytheageof20,therewaslittletoseparatethegoodfromthebest,witheachrea

chinganaverageofabout11,000hours.Inall,thenumberofhoursspentpractisingaccountedforaboutaquarteroftheskilldifferenceacrossthethreegroups

.Macnamarabelievespracticeislessofadriver.“Onceyougettothehighlyskilledgroups,practicestopsaccountingforthedifference.Everyonehaspractisedalota

ndotherfactorsareatplayindeterminingwhogoesontoahigherlevel,”shesaid.“Thefactorsdependontheskillbeinglearned:inchessitcouldb

eintelligenceorworkingmemory;insportitmaybehowefficientlyapersonusesoxygen.Tocomplicatemattersfurther,onefactorcandri

veanother.Childrenwhoenjoyplayingtheviolin,forexample,maybehappytopractisebecausetheydonotseeitasatrouble.”Thea

uthorsofthe1993studyareunimpressed.Macnamarasaiditwasimportantforpeopletounderstandthelimitsofpractice,though.“Practicemakesyo

ubetterthanyouwereyesterday,mostofthetime,”shesaid.“Butitmightnotmakeyoubetterthanyourneighhourortheotherkidinyourv

iolinclass.”12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“entrenched”inparagraph2probablymean?A.Unconfirmed.B.Advanced.C.Changed.D.Rooted.13.Whatcanwelearnabou

tMacnamara’sstudy?A.Itsprocesswassimilartothe1993study.B.Itinvolvedviolinistsandpianists.C.ItconvincedMalcolm

Gladwell.D.Itsresultisconsistentwiththe1993study.14.WhatdoesMacnamarafindabouthighlyskilledpeople?A.Practicingfor11,000hoursi

stheirmaindriver.B.Theyenjoykeepingdiariesabouttheirprogress.C.Morepracticemakeslittledifferencetotheirfurtherprogress.D.Environmentalfactorsha

velittlerelationtotheirsuccess.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.Doespracticemakeperfect?B.Whatmakesanexpert?C.Theearlybirdcat

chesthewormD.Enthusiasmisthekeytosuccess第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Ifyou'reateenag

er,youareinaverypowerfulposition.Startinggoodmoneyhabitsnowwillputyouaheadfortherestofyourlife.Herearemoneytipsforyou.Understandthepowe

roftime.Youprobablyaren'tmakingatonofmoneyrightnow,butthatdoesn'tmatter.Whatmattersistime.16.Let'slookatanexample:Attheendofyoursummerjob,y

ouhave$1000.Youinvestitatarateofreturnof5%.Attheendofthose50years,youwillhave$11,467.49.Startamoneysavinghabit.

Ifyoustartthehabitofsavingmoneynow,thathabitwillalwaysbewithyou.Everydollaryouget,whetherit'sagin,anallowance,orpayfroma

job,getintothehabitofsavingaportionofit.Halfofitwouldbeideal.17Theolderyouget,theharderitcanseemtosaveeven10%ofyourmoney.18Thereisso

muchinformationavailableontheinternet.Youcanfindarticlesthatwillteachyouhowtomake$100fast.Therearealsosomanypersonal

financebookstochoosefromtoknowwheretostart.Youcantalktoyourparentsaboutmoney,too.AvoidFOMO.FOMOisfearofmi

ssingout.19It'simportant,though,tonotgiveupwhatyouwantmostforwhatyouwantnow.Whatyouwantnowistotakethemoneyyoumadeatyoursummer

jobandgoonSpringBreak.Whatyouwantmostis10graduatedebtfree.Ortobeabletoquitajobyouhatebecauseyouhaveabigemergencyfundtoseeyo

uthroughtoyournextjob.Itmightnotseemlikeitwhenyou'reeighteen.20A.Askforadvice.B.GetEducated.C.You'llthinkeveryoneisha

vingmorefunthanyouasateenager.D.It'stimetostartnowbecauseyoudon'thavemanyexpenses.E.Cashtendstoburnaholeinourpockets.F.Buta

llofthatwillbetrueintime.G.Andyourmoneyhasalotofit.第二部分语言运用(共两节,满分45分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D

四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Thosewhohavechildrenwillknowthatit'sincrediblyimportanttocelebratetheirchildren'sbirthdays-e

speciallywhenthey'reyounger.However,thisyearchildrenhavetoexperienceabirthdayinlockdown.ElizabethGuthrie'sparentswere21aboutthefactthat

herthirdbirthdaywascomingupprettyfast,butanypartyplanninghadtobetoneddownduetolockdownmeasuresandsocialdistancing22.Theytriedhardtoworkoutawayt

ocelebrateherbirthday23,andthentheycameupwiththeperfect24.Likemanypeopleacrosstheglobe,Elizabethlovesdogs,sohe

rparentswantedtodosomethingthatwould25theyoungstertocelebrateherbirthdaywithsomefour-leggedfriendsintow(牵着).They26asignintheirba

ckyardaskingfordog27intheareatotaketheirdogsonawalkata28timeonElizabeth'sbirthday,andtheyhopedthattheirneighborswould29themtocel

ebrate.Intheend,thewholecommunity30togethertowishElizabethahappybirthdaywiththeirpupsintow.Manyofthemw

alkedbyherhouse.othersdroveby,andtherewere31somewhomadetheirownbannerstocelebrateElizabeth's32day.Shelovedeverysecondofit,andtherewasno33aboutthe

factthatitwasabirthdayto34.Isn'tit​35toseesomanypeopleworkingtogetherforsuchagreatcause?21.A.excitedB.curiousC.con

cernedD.doubtful22.A.rulesB.prejudicesC.argumentsD.customs23.A.quietlyB.safelyC.traditionallyD.secretly24.A.prep

arationB.achievementC.solutionD.introduction25.A.encourageB.allowC.persuadeD.push26.A.printedB.postedC.foundD.dropped27.A.promotersB.walkersC.protec

torD.trainers28.A.specificB.convenientC.differentD.critic29.A.permitB.joinC.inviteD.remind30.A.playedB.marchedC.bandedD.walked31.A.evenB.

justC.againD.ever32.A.funnyB.busyC.bigD.lucky33.A.busyB.doubtC.tellingD.lucky34.A.observeB.rememberC.orga

nizeD.decide35.A.amazingB.beneficialC.adventurousD.challenging第二节(共30小题;每小题1分,满分30分)36单词及短语:按照提示要求完成(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)1).________________/ˈsteɪdi

əm/n.(根据音标写出单词)2)./kəmˈpiːt/vi.___________________(根据音标写出汉语意思)3).audience/_______________/n.(根据单词写出音标)4).Theabilitytokeepcalmisoneofhis_____________(

优点;长处).5).Theyoung____________(compete)wonagoldmedalinthematch.6).Ifyou_______________,youarewildwithexcitem

entorworry.(根据语境写出一个短语)7).Youcan’tpredicteverything.Oftenthingsdon’t___________(成功地发展)asyouexpect.8).同义替换Consideringthecha

ngingsituation,weshouldpaceourselves._____________9).同义替换IwasdisappointedtomissBryan,whohadjustpaidthebillandleft.____________10).汉译英:是否一起来由你决定。It’s

__________youwhethertocomealong.37根据句意完成句子:(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)1).Thegirlis____________(入迷的)towatchingTValldaylon

g,andasaresult,shehaslostinterestinstudying.2).The__________(office)wereallamazedattheamazingscene.3).A

samatteroffact,illnessandagechangedhimbeyond_____________(recognize).4).Maxwillcompete________aracewithothersf

orthefirstplace.5).I’msorrythatIwon’tbeabletomakeittothepartyonSaturday.___________(写出黑体词组的汉语意思)6).He__

__________________animportantdocumentwhenthebossentered.老板进来时他假装正在看一份重要的文件。7).Groupexerciseisoneofthemosteffectivewaystoimprovephysical

_________(fit).8).Itis_____honourformetomakeaspeechtowelcometherespectedguests.9).The____________(determine)lo

okonhisfaceshowedthathehadenoughconfidenceinhimself.10).Whenhiswifepassedaway,hisworldnearlyfell_________.38语法考察:(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)

1).当我陷入困境的时候,是我姐姐帮助了我。(强调句型)_________________________gavemeahandwhenIwasintrouble.2).I’mafraidIdon’thaveanytime,becauseI_____

_____(meet)someguestsfromtheUKattheairporttomorrowafternoon.3).我正打算告诉你这件事,这时你打电话来了。I__________________youaboutthiswhenyo

ugavemearing.4).他从田间回来后就一直在流汗。He___________________sincehereturnedfromthefields.5).演讲者一结束他的讲话,观众就不停地向他提问。_______________________________

__whentheaudiencekeptaskinghimquestions.6).Lindaatenothingthismorning,_____________?7).请写出画线处的短语类型Thewoma

nwithababyinherarmsismysister._______________8).我以为他已经把这个决定告诉你了。Ithoughthe________youaboutthedecision.9).I

’mbored.Let’sgohome,___________?10).写出句子的基本结构Theteacherfoundtheclassroomempty._______________________第三部分写作(满分15分

:内容10分+卷面5分)39.你校将举办主题为“WhatIWanttoLearninSeniorSchool”的英语演讲活动以规划自己高中阶段的学习、生活。假如你是李华,请结合自身看法与以下要点准备一份演讲稿。要点包括:

1.学会学习:养成良好的学习方法、习惯(可举例说明)……2.学会与人相处:对人真诚、友善,帮助别人,与人相处融洽……3.培养良好的品质:坚定、乐观,挑战困难,努力实现梦想……注意:1.词数80左右;2.开头、结尾已给出,不计入总词数;可以适当增加

细节,以使行文连贯。参考词汇:optimisticadj.乐观的Ladiesandgentlemen,Goodmorning!I’mLiHua.Ifeelitanhonourtogiveaspeechhereabout“WhatIWanttoLearninSeniorSchool”._

________________________________Thanksforlistening.

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