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课程主题：定语从句学习目标1.了解定语从句的概念；2.熟练运用关系代词。教学内容【进门测试】1.—Whoistheman_______wastalkingtoourEnglishteacher?—Oh!It’s

MrBaker,ourmathsteacher.A.heB.thatC.whomD.which2.Ihatethepeople________don’thelpotherswhentheyareintrouble.A.whoB.whichC.theyD.w

here3.Theforeigner_________visitedourschoolisfromCanada.A.whichB.whenC.whoD.whom4.GeorgeMallorywasanEnglishschoolteacher_______lovedcli

mbing.A.whoB.whomC.heD.which5.Thisistheplace_____Ihaveevervisited.A.thereB.whenC.whereD.which6.Nobodyknowsthereason______

shedidn’tcometothemeeting.A.thatB.whichC.whyD.when7.Themoonisaworld______thereisnolife.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.why8.Hehasforgott

entheday_______hearrived.A.whenB.whereC.thatD.which9.Hestillremembersthedays______hespentwithyourfamily.A.whenB.whereC.thatD.onwhich10.Mr.Whi

te,______carhadbeenstolen,cametothepoliceman.A.whoB.thatC.whoseD.which【多元导学】这句中的主句是Doyouknowthescientist?(你知道那位科学家吗?)，而whogaveu

sthetalkthisafternoon(他今天下午给我们作的报告)是定语从句。所以这两句话合为一体即是：你认识今天下午给我们作报告的那位科学家吗?这里scientist叫作先行词，而who叫作定语从句的引导词。who在定语从句中起主语的作用，who的数与它的先行词相同。【互动精讲】【知识梳

理1】定语定语为句子的次要成分，起修饰限制名词或代词的作用，可分为前置定语和后置定语。一般由形容词性物主代词、数词、形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式、分词(短语)或句子充当。Hisfatherisadoctor.他父亲是

一名医生。Mr.Greenhastwosons.格林先生有两个儿子。ThegirlunderthetreeisKate.在树底下的那个女孩是凯特。Abarkingdogseldombites.吠狗很少咬人。Mostofthepeoplehereknoweachother.

这里大多数人互相认识。Amangoingtodieisalwayskind-hearted.人之将死，其言也善。Thesuggestionsenttothecommitteewasadopted.送往委员会的建议被采纳了。Doyouknowthemanwhoissta

ndingnexttoMr.Green?你认识站在格林先生旁边的那个人吗？【知识梳理2】定语从句的定义在复合句中，修饰某一名词，代词或者整个句子的从句叫做定语从句。被定语从句修饰的词叫做先行词。定语从句必须放在先行词之

后。引导定语从句的关联词叫做引导词。下面我们再来看几个定语从句的例子，请正确分析句中的主从句以及先行词和引导词。Doyouknowtheboywhoiswearingabluejacket?Theskirtth

at/whichismadeofsilkisveryexpensive.Ican’taffordit.Thenumberofthepeoplewho/thatowncarsisincreasing.Thehousethat(which)thefamouspers

ononcelivedinisveryoldnow.批注：本部分老师可以作为练习题来做。在使用讲义过程中可以将下划线去掉，然后让学生自己判断引导词，定语从句以及先行词，以检验学生对于定语从句的了解程度。在看完这些句子后老师还可以让

学生自己进行定语从句的造句，增进对定语从句的结构掌握。【知识梳理3】引导词引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用,同时又作定语从句的重要成分。常见的关系代词包括that,which,who,whom,whose。关系副词包括wh

ere,when,why。初中只学习关系代词的用法不论关系代词还是关系副词，都应放于先行词和定语从句之间，起连接作用，但它们都要在定语从句中起语法作用，充当一个成分。如关系代词在定语从句中作主语，宾语或者定语，而关系副词则是作状语。关系代词的用

法(1)that引导的定语从句，that在从句中做主语或宾语、指代表示人或物的先行词。作宾语时可省略，不能放在介词后面作宾语.、。(that指人时，相当于who或者whom；指物时，相当于which)(2)which－指物，作主语，不能省略；作宾语，可以省略。(3)who－般指人，作主语，不

能省略；作宾语，可以省略，whom引导的定语从句whom在从句中作宾语，修饰表示人的先行词。批注：如果whom放在介词后面不能省略；此外固定短语中的介词一般不能拆开，仍放在动词之后，例如lookfor

/lookafter/takecareof/puton/takeoff等。(4)whose引导的定语从句，whose在从句中作定语，修饰表示人或物的先行词。批注：在讲解whose用法时需要注意whose后面的名词和前面被修饰名词存在

从属关系，学生可以根据这一点进行判断。批注：讲解关系代词时，可以教给孩子一个口诀，“一找，二辨，三判断”。找是找先行词，辨是辨人还是物，判是判断所选的关系代词在定语从句中做什么成分。【例题精讲】例1.—Whydidthe79-year-oldMrs.

Sunsetupthisorganization?—Tohelpthosechildrengetagoodeducation_______mostpeopleofherageneverhad.A.whichB.whoC.whatD.when例2.—Whatareyoul

ookingfor?—I'mlookingforthepen_______myfathergavemelastweek.A.whoB.whichC.whoseD.whom例3.—Idislikemusic_______Ican’tsingalongwith.—Me,__________

_.A.what;eitherB.what;tooC.that;eitherD.that;too【课堂练习】指代对象代指人代指物既可指人也可指物主格who,thatwhich,thatthat宾格whom,that所有

格whosewhose1.Ireallylikethefamilyphotowetookonmygrandpa's80thbirthday.A.whoBthatC.whatD.whose2.Thebasketball________Ibo

ughtyesterdaycostme80yuan.A.thatB.whereC.whoD.when3.NanjingYangtseRiverBridge________wasbuiltinthe1960sisnowunderrepair.A.whoB

.whoseC.whichD.what【知识梳理4】who，which，that区分在定语从句中that既可以指人也可以指物，但是在一下情况中只能用that不能用who和which：(1)当先行词是all,any,fe

w,little,none,anything,everything,nothing等不定代词或被它们修饰时；(2)当先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时；(3)当先行词有thevery,theonly等修饰时；(

4)当主句以who或which开头时，定语从句的关系词用that,而不用which或who；(5)先行词同时包括人或物时，关系词用that。【例题精讲】例1.Theseareallthepictures______Ihaveseen.A.when

B.thatC.whichD.as例2.Themostimportantthing______weshouldpayattentiontoisthefirstthing______Ihavesaid.A.which;thatB.that;whichC.which;whichD.that;that【

课堂练习】1.Mywatchisnottheonlything______ismissing.A.thatB.itC.whichD.who2.Wearetalkingaboutthepianoandthepianist______wereintheco

ncertweattendedlastnight.A.whichB.whomC.whoDthat【课堂检测】一、单项选择1.Thisistheschool_______wevisitedlastyear.A.thatB.whereC.whoD.whose2.L

iuYangisthefirstChinesewomanastronaut_______hasevertraveledinspace.A.whomB.whichC.whoD.whose3.Ican'tfindthebook_______

___mymotherboughtme.A.whoB.whenC.whichD.where4.Sheisthegirlinventiongotthefirstprizeintheschoolcompetition.A．whoB．thatC．whichD.whose5.

---Doyouknowtheman______isstandingatthedoor?---Yes,Ido.He'safriendof_____.A.when;IB.who;mineC.that;meD.which;my6.YesterdayLiMingwenttothevillage____

_____hisfamilylivedtenyearsago.A.whenB.whichC.whereD.that7.Afriendissomeone______says,"What!Youtoo?IthoughtIw

astheonlyone!”A.whoB.whichC.whatD.whose二、完形填空Mostofusgothroughlifetryingtodoourbestatwhateverwedo,whetherit’sourjob,family

,schooloranythingelse.Butsometimeago,Igotto1thatIwasn’timprovingmuchatthosethingseventhoughIwasspendingalotoftimeworkinghardatthem.Thi

ssituation2tobeprettycommon.SoI’dliketosharewithyousomeideasaboutwhythatisandwhatwecanalldoaboutit.Wecanlearnfromthemostsuccessfulpeop

leandteams.Theygothroughlifepurposelyalternating(交替)3twozones:thelearningzoneandtheperformancezone.Thelearningzoneiswhenourgoalistoimprove.Then

wedoactivitiesdesignedfor4,concentrating(专心)onwhatwehaven’tlearnedwellyet,whichmeanswehavetoexpecttomakemistakes,knowingthatwewilllearnfrom5.Thati

sverydifferentfromwhatwedo6we’reinourperformancezone,whichiswhenourgoalistodosomethingaswellaswecantocarryitout.Thenweconcentrateonwhat

wehavealreadylearntwellandwetrytomake7mistakes.Bothofthesezonesshouldbepartofourlives,butbeing8aboutwhenwewanttobeineachoft

hem,withwhatgoal,focusandexpectations,helpsusbetterperformandbetterimprove.Theperformancezonepushesforourimmediateperformance,whi

lethelearningzonepreparesforourgrowthandourfutureperformance.Thereason9manyofusdon’timprovemuchthoughwehaveworkedhardist

hatwespendalmostallofourtimeintheperformancezone.This10ourgrowthandalsoourperformanceoverthelongterm.Soweshouldhaveacle

arideaaboutwhentolearnandwhentoperforminourlife.1.A.realizeB.requireC.rememberD.recommend2.A.turnsupB.turnsonC.turns

outD.turnsaround3.A.throughB.betweenC.amongD.across4.A.movementB.inventionC.educationD.improvement5.A.itB.usC.themD.me6.A.untilB.

whenC.sinceD.before7.A.smallerB.fewerC.biggerD.more8.A.interestedB.amazedC.clearD.excited9.A.whichB.whatC.whenD.why10.A.improvesB.inc

reasesC.preventsD.provides三、首字母填空Haveyouheardabouttheperiodictable(元素周期表)lately?Well,there'ssomebignewsaboutth

isspecialtable,butfirst,rememberthattheperiodictableisusedtoorganizealltheelements,orthingsthatmakeu1ourworld.Elementsareallaroundus.Iro

nisoneofthecommonestelementsfoundwithintheEarth.Youprobablyknowtheelementoxygen.Itistheelementthatweb2inallthetime.And

elementscancombine(结合)tomakenewthingsl3H2O.Thisishydrogenandoxygenputtogether,alsoknownasw4!Learningaboutthesethingshelpsusbette

runderstandtheworldwelivein.Buthaveyouevernoticedsomethingmissingintheperiodictable?Therewerealready114elements.Buttheseventhrowofthetablewa

snotf5,untilnow!InDecember,scientistsfromIUPAC(国际理论与应用化学联合会)foundthef6elementsthatweremissing.Theyareelements113,115,117a

nd118."Toscientists,thisisofgreaterv7thananOlympicgoldmedal,"RyojiNoyori,aNobelhonoredchemist,toldtheGuardian.Thenewelementsareheavym

etalsandweremadeinl8_.Thesekindsofelementscan'tbefoundinnature.Scientistsarestilllookingforwaystousetheseelements,an

dotherelementsintheeighthrow,inourdailylives.Scientistshavebeenworkingonthisfor10years,buttheworkisnotdone.Nowtheywillp9tolookfor"e

lement119andbeyond".Butfornow,becarefulwhenyoureadyourC10booksbecausetheperiodictablemightbeoutdated.【要点回顾】定语从句小口诀：是人就用who,宾语可用whom非人

用which,that都可以【温故知新】课后巩固单项选择1．Thebook__youaretalkingaboutiswrittenineverydayEnglish.A.whoB.thatC.whenD.what2．Therestaurantw

antsawaiter________canspeakFrench.A.whereB.whichC.whatD.who3．Ilikemusic____Icandanceto.A.whoB.thatC.w

hereD.when4．—DoyouwanttowatchKungFuPandawithme?—Yes，Ilikemoviesarefunny.A.whatB.whoC.thatD.where5．Thehouse______Ilivein

isverysmall.A.thatB.whomC.whenD.where6．Rosalikesmusicisquietandgentle.A.thatB.whatC.whoD.where7．Thepenshewriteslettersisbroken.A.whichB.thatC

.withwhichD.bywhich8．Lookattheboyandhisdog_______arecomingthisway.A.whoB.whichC.thatD.whom9．Ialwaysmissmyhometown_______Ilivedfor20years.A.whichB.

whereC.atwhichD.inthat10．Thepilothasgothimselfintoadangeroussituation__________heislikelytolosecontrol

overthehelicopter.A.whichB.whereC.thatD.why预习思考你知道哪些常见的情景交际用语吗？获得更多资源请扫码加入享学资源网微信公众号www.xiangxue100.com