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学易金卷：2024年高考第一次模拟考试（天津卷02）英语（考试时间：100分钟试卷满分：130分）注意事项：1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2

．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部

分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1．Inallregions,womenlivelongerthanmen.However,

social,culturalandeconomicfactorscanthenaturaladvantageofwomencomparedtomen.A．challengeB．guaranteeC．confirmD．affect2．Ithinkyou’dbetteravoidta

lkingaboutpolitics,religionandother______topicswithhimifyouarenotclosefriends.A．sensitiveB．skepticalC．aggressiveD．attractive3．Thedevelopmentofne

wmedia,________fromtheinternettodigitaltelevision，meansthatpeopleworkinginadvertisingwillhavetocomeupwithmorewaystoca

tchthepublic’sattention.A．rangesB．rangedC．torangeD．ranging4．TheNorthandSouthPolesrepresentsthefinalfron

tiersofexplorationonEarth,and________theyhavebecomeanstrongattractionforbothresearchersandtourists.A．inotherwordsB．asaconsequenceC．bythewayD．onthecon

trary5．ThepowerofCharlieChaplin’sworksisnotonlyinhisacting,butalsointhestoriesandcharactershe________.A．hadcreatedB．hascreatedC．createdD．creates6．

You________soslowly.Ijustneededafewsecondstogetusedtoyourvoice.A．shouldn’tspeakB．couldn’thavespokenC．don’thavetoD．needn’thavespoken7．The

wayweusealanguageisso________thatonecouldsaythereareasmanyvarietiesasspeakersofEnglish.A．individualB．commonC．exceptionalD．reliable8．---Hi,t

here.CanIhelpyouwithanythingtoday?---Oh,yes.________,I’dliketobuyapresentformyniece’sbirthday.A．ExactlyB．SomehowC．Actuall

yD．Definitely9．Tofightagainstglobalwarming,scientistsareworkingonenergy-savingmeasurestoreducefuel________.A．consumptionB．collectionC．commitmentD．di

stribution10．It’seleveno’clockalready.______youwatchthemovieatsuchalatehour?A．CanB．MustC．MayD．Shall11．__

____myhighschoollife,I’dliketogivethemostimportantadvice—toreadthewonderfulworksfromthewriterMayaAngelou.A．Attachingsignifican

cetoB．LookingbackonC．TakingadvantageofD．Losingtrackof12．—Doyouknowanewshoppingmallopenedinourtownyesterday?—Yes.Whydon’twep

ayavisit______wehavetime?A．sinceB．thoughC．untilD．unless13．TherearesomecharactersinJaneAusten’sbooksin_

_______livesaslightfallofsnowisanevent.A．herB．whomC．whoseD．their14．Althoughthetheoryhasbeendismissedbys

cholars,itshows________powerfulthesecretsofAncientMayacivilizationareamongpeople.A．thatB．howC．whatD．whether15．—HereisaneweditionofCraz

yEnglish.Doyouwanttolookatit?—!Letmeseeit.A．ByallmeansB．NotreallyC．MindyourownbusinessD．Cheerup第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的

A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AfterIwonmyfirstraceatfive,lifewasaboutwinningraces.Twokids,RayJandGil,16that.Onedayinourfirs

tNASCAR(NationalAssociationofStockCarAutoRacing)season,myteammate,RayhadtoleaveforhomebecausehissonRay

Jsuddenlydevelopedcancer.Hesaidsomethingabout17tomissworkforevenaday.“Forgetit,”Iinterrupted.“Your18comesfirst.”Thefollowingmonthswere19forRayJ,chem

otherapy(化疗)andlongstaysinthehospital.Hewasso20thathecouldbarelyplay.However,the21boyhadbeenfightingagainstillness.Ialwaysfacedchallengesby

going22andpushingmyselfharder.Buthowcouldastock-cardriverlikememakeadifferencetothekid?Forthefirsttimeinmylifeth

e23didn’tseemsoimportant.Gilwasasix-year-oldboywithararebonedisease.Hisbonesweresoeasytobreakthatahugmigh

t24oneofthem.Thatdayhewassittinginawheelchair,assmallasathree-year-oldchild,andhislegsweregnarledandatrophied(扭曲萎缩).Howe

ver,hehadabig25.Forfearofbreakinghisbonesintopieces,Ididn’t26hishand.27,Iheldupmyhand.Hetoucheditandthenpulledhishandback.Hesmile

dmorebrightly.Iwentdownonmy28andwetalked.HewasahugeNASCAR29.Hecouldn’tgooutsideand30,butwatchingtheracesandlearningeverythingaboutthedrive

rsdistractedhimfromhis31“Iloveitwhenyouwin,Jeff.”Win.Thatwordagain.HadIeverthoughtmuchaboutwhatit32?WinningiswhatI’

malwaysaimingfor.That’smyjob,andit’showI33myfamily.Butwinningismorethanjustcrossingthe34linefirst.Thetwokidsarethetrue35.16．A．recogniz

edB．achievedC．resignedD．changed17．A．hatingB．expectingC．failingD．refusing18．A．feeB．choiceC．familyD．attitude19．A．necessaryB．difficult

C．absurdD．unforgettable20．A．hopelessB．desperateC．carefulD．weak21．A．easy-goingB．strong-willedC．hard-workingD．absent-minded22．A．

saferB．fasterC．widerD．harder23．A．problemB．possessionC．raceD．adventure24．A．damageB．cureC．changeD．influence25．A．soundB．goalC．faceD．smile26．A

．examineB．outstretchC．moveD．shake27．A．InsteadB．GenerallyC．ObviouslyD．Furthermore28．A．legsB．feetC．kneesD．ankles29．A．fanB．expertC．competitorD

．developer30．A．holdonB．runaroundC．giveupD．breakthrough31．A．debtB．taskC．optimismD．pain32．A．meantB．broughtC．splitD．needed33

．A．loveB．manageC．supportD．encourage34．A．straightB．finishC．startD．red35．A．losersB．cooperatorsC．winnersD．doctors第二部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分5

0分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AApplyingtostudyintheUKisastraightforwardprocessandwewillguideyouthroughitstepbystep.Decideonauniversityorc

ollegeandcourseComingtostudyintheUKisyouropportunitytogaintheskills,outlookandconfidenceyouneedtofulf

ilyourpotential.Toensureyouchoosethecoursethatisrightforyouandforwhatyouwanttoachieve,itisbesttoreadasmuc

hasyoucanabouttherangeofcourses,collegesanduniversitiesavailableandcomparethem.Itisalsoimportanttocheckthec

ourseentryrequirements.Youcandothisusingourcoursesearchtool,orthecourseprofilesontheinstitutions’websites.Ifyouhaveanyquest

ions,youcancontacttheuniversitydirectly,whowillbeveryhappytohelpyoufindtheinformationyouneed.Registe

randapplyApplyingforanundergraduatecourseintheUKissimple:thereisoneplacewhereyoucanregisterandapplytoa

lloftheUKuniversitiesandcolleges—youregisterandapplythroughUCAS(UniversitiesandCollegesAdmissionsService).PostgraduatecoursesintheUKhavetheirownspec

ificentryrequirementsandapplicationprocesses,sochecktheindividualcoursewebsitesforinstructionsonhowtoapply.Clickheretofindoutmoreaboutt

heapplicationprocedure.AcceptyourofferYouruniversityorcollegewillcontactyou(usuallyviaemail)totellyouwhetherornotyouha

vereceivedanoffertostudy.IfyouappliedviaUCASit’seasytotrackthestatusofyourapplicationatanytime.Ifyouareacceptedwithanuncondit

ionaloffer,thencongratulations!Youhaveaplaceandyoucanacceptstraightaway.Ifyouareacceptedwithaconditionaloffer,theplaceisy

oursaslongasyoumeetafewextrarequirements.ThiscouldbeachievingcertainexamgradesorEnglishlanguagetestscores.PrepareforyourstayOnceyouhaveyouroff

erandyourvisa,it’stimetogetpacking!36．WhatisanecessaryrequirementforapplyingtostudyintheUK?A．Fulfillingyourpotentialandskills.B．Meetingthecourseentr

yrequirements.C．Buildingconfidencetostudywell.D．Takingrequiredcoursesinadvance.37．Morespecificinformationofthecour

sesandcollegesisavailablefrom________.A．exploringthecourseprofilesB．usingthecoursesearchtoolC．phoningorwritingtotheu

niversityD．searchingtheinstitutions’webs38．Applyingforpostgraduatecoursesrequires________.A．registeringatUCASfirstB．applyingthroughUCASC．contac

tingtheadmissionsserviceD．followingcourseinstructions39．WhatistheadvantageofapplyingthroughUCAS?A．Gettingupd

ateswheneveryouwant.B．Receivingthejobapplicationresulteasily.C．Emailingyoutheofferinformationquickly.D．Offeringyoustudyopport

unityreadily.40．Ifyoureceiveaconditionaloffer,youwillhaveto________.A．waitforthefinaldecisionB．fulfillsom

eadditionalcriteriaC．takeupthepositionquicklyD．sitforfinalexamsagainBOnlyshockpreventedthetearsfromstr

eamingdownmyface.Mycellsweredead.AfterbeingacceptedintothecompetitiveStanfordInstitutesofMedicineSummerResearchProgram(SIMR),andspendingapproxim

ately170hoursofthepastmonthstudyinghumanembryonicstemcells(hESCs)(人胚胎干细胞),Iwasbacktosquareon—withonlyonemonthofmyinternship(实习)left.Howinthewor

ldwasIgoingtomakeupforlosttime?AsIaskedmyselfthequestion,IthoughtbacktoexactlyhowIhadspentthose170hourswork

ingtodevelopthestemcells.Istartedmyinternshipalittleoverwhelmedbythecomplexequipmentinthelab.AfterIfamiliarizedmyselfwit

htheequipment,IbegantofindthefunctionofPRDMI—agenethoughttocontrolreplication(复制)inhESCs.First,though,Ineededtomakeagrowthmedium(培养基)forthehESCs.

Ipainstakinglymeasuredtothetenmillionthofaliter,testingtheaccuracyofeachmeasurementmultipletimesbeforefinally

puttingitintothemediumsolution.AfterIplatedthehESCsonmynewmedium,Iwaitedwithbatedbreathfortheresults.Tomyjoy,twodayslater,mycellsweregrowingv

erywellandevenoutgrowingtheirnewhome.IsuccessfullycreatedhundredsofstablehESCs.Everythingseemedtobegoingsowell.Butnow....“Nancy,Ikno

wtakingthenewsthefirsttimecanbehard,butkeepinmind,youprobablydidn'tdoanythingwrong.Youknowhowsensitivetheyare.Thissortofthingisc

ommonwhenworkingwithstemcells,”theprogramdirectorsaidgently.“Iknow,”Isaid.“I’mreadytotryagain.”ThomasEdisonsaid.“Ourgreatestweaknessliesingivi

ngup.Themostcertainwaytosucceedisalwaystotryjustonemoretime.41．WhatdoweknowabouttheauthorfromParagraph1?A．Shewasseriouslyillbecauseofacelldisease.B．H

erinternshipwasshortenedforsomereason.C．Herresearchresultdidn'treachherexpectation.D．Shecriedalotafternotaccompl

ishinghergoal.42．Howlongdidtheauthor’sinternshipremainwhenthecellslosttheirlives?A．Onemonth.B．Twomonths.C．Onehund

redandseventyhours.D．Oneyear.43．Whatarethefeelingsexpressedintheunderlinedsentence?A．Doubtandconfusion.B．Reliefandrelaxation.C

．Anxietyandeagerness.D．Sadnessanddisappointment.44．Accordingtotheprogramdirector,whatisveryusualduringreplicationinhESCs?A．Effortsmadeinvai

n.B．Cellsgrowingtoobig.C．Researchersgettinginjured.D．Mediumsolutionincorrectlymeasured.45．Whatdoestheauthortrytotellusthroughthi

sstory?A．Hardworkalwaysbringsgoodluck.B．Sticktohopeandnevergiveup.C．Thinktwicebeforeyouact.D．Nevermissamistake.CEveryyearmillionsofbreeding

monarchbutterfliesintheUSandsouthernCanadasearchformilkweedplantsonwhichtolaytheireggs.Concernoverdecreasinghab

itathasurgedconservationiststocreatemonarch-friendlyspacesalongroadsides,whicharemorethanenough—withinthebutterflies’rangeandusuallypublic

lyowned.Buttrafficnoisestressesmonarchcaterpillarsout,anewstudyfinds.Theyeventuallydobecomedesensitized(使不再敏感)toit

—butthatmightcausetroubletothemlateron,too.Noisepollutionisknowntoaffectthelivesofbirds,whalesandothercreatures.Butuntilrecently,

scientistshavenevertestedwhetheritleadstoastressresponseininsects.WhenAndyDavis,aconservationphysiologistattheUniversityofG

eorgia,noticedonlinevideosofroadsidemonarchcaterpillarsapparentlymovingwithshortquickmovementsfromsidetosideorupanddownascarscameby,hewonderedhowt

heconstantnoisemightaffectthem.Davisbuiltaspecialcaterpillarheartmonitor,fittingasmallsensorintomicroscopetopreciselyme

asuremonarchcaterpillars’heartratesastheylistenedtorecordingsoftrafficsoundsinthelaboratory.Theheartsofcaterpillarsexposed

tohighwaynoisefortwohoursbeat17percentfasterthanthoseofcaterpillarsinasilentroom.Buttheheartratesofthenoise—exposedgroupreturnedtob

aselinelevelsafterhearingthetrafficsoundsnonstopfortheirentire12-daydevelopmentperiod,DavisandhiscolleaguesreportedinMayinBiologyLetters.“Thisdesens

itizationcouldbeproblematicwhenthecaterpillarsbecomeadults,”saysDavis.Arapidstressresponseisvitalformonarchbutterfliesontheirtwo-monthjour

neytospendwintersinMexico,astheynarrowlyescapepredatorsandfightwindcurrents.Whetheranoisydevelopmentalperiodred

ucesmonarchs’survivalratesremainsunknown,notesRyanNorris,anecologistattheUniversityofGuelphinOntario,whowasnotinvolvedinthestudy.Butinanyc

ase,hebelievesroadsidehabitatsalmostcertainlydriveupthebutterflies’deathratesasaresultofcrasheswithc

ars.“Therearesomanypotentialroadhabitatsformonarchsandotherinsects—itwouldbesuchanicethingtotakeadvantageof,”Norrissays.“Butyoujus

tcan’tgetaroundthetraffic.Ithinkroadsandmonarchsjustdon’tmix.”46．Whydidconservationistscreatemonarch-f

riendlyspacesalongroadsides?A．Becausetheyconcernedoverdecreasingmonarchhabitat.B．Becauseitwasvitalforthemonarchtogrowquickly.C．Becauset

heywereurgedtomakeanexperiment.D．Becauseitwasgoodforthemonarchtomigrate.47．WhatinspiredAndyDavistoexploretheeffectofnoiseonmonarchcaterpilla

rs?A．Therehadbeenlittleresearchonmonarchcaterpillars.B．Videosshowedcarscrashedintomonarchcaterpillars.C．Therewasnosuchrecordof

monarchcaterpillars’heartrates.D．Hefoundthatmonarchcaterpillarsshookwithcarsmovingby.48．AccordingtoAnd

yDavis,whatmighthappentomonarchbutterflieswhenexposedtotrafficnoise?A．Theyarelikelytoneedmoretimetode

velop.B．Theyarelikelytolosetheirwayontheirjourney.C．Theyaremorelikelytodiebeforetheybecomeadults.D．Theyaremorelikelytobekill

edandeatenintheirmigration.49．WhichofthefollowingstatementsisRyanNorrismostlikelytoagreewith?A．Monarchs’survivalratesaredecr

easingeachyear.B．Peopleshouldavoidbuildingroadsidehabitatsforinsects.C．Morecapitalisneededtostudymonarchs’developm

entalperiods.D．Butterflies’risingdeathrateshavenothingtodowithmovingcars.50．Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthepassage?A．TheRelationshipsBetwee

nMonarchButterfliesandHighwayB．TheEffectsofHighwayNoiseonMonarchButterfliesC．TheChangesofMonarchButterfliesAlongHighwayD．TheBen

efitsofProtectingMonarchButterfliesDImagineatastybuglandingonthewebofahungryspider.Howdoesthespiderdetectitsprey?Spidersdon’tha

veearslikewedo,andmanyhavepooreyesight.Buttheycansensevibrations,likethosethathappenwhenanunluckyinsecttouchestheirwebs.Andinste

adofeardrums,spidershearusingtiny,sensitivehairsthatmoveinresponsetosounds.Scientistsrecentlylearnedtha

tspiderscanpickupsoundsinanotherway:throughtheirwebs.“It’sbasicallyusingthewebastheear,”saidRonMiles,aprofessorofmechanicalengineerin

gatBinghamtonUniversityinNewYork.Milesandhisteamstudiedorb-weavingspiders,whichmakewheel-shapedwebs.Thescientistsplacedth

espidersinaspeciallydesignedquietroom.Thentheyplayedsoundsonaloudspeaker.Theytrackedhowthespidersreactedtodifferents

oundsplayedonaloudspeaker.Thespidersturnedtheirbodiestowardthesound.Somecrouched(蹲伏)andstretched.Othersraisedtheirfrontlegs.The

scientistssaidthissuggestedthatthespidersknewwherethesoundscamefrom.Milessaidthatspidersusetheirweblikeagiantextendedear.Ifaninsectisflyingn

earby,forinstance,“that’sgoingtocausethewebtovibratebecauseofthesound,”Milessaid.“Thatkindofgetsthespider’sattention.”Spidersmightevenusetheirwebsto

tuneintoavarietyofsounds.Milessaidtheysuspectthatthespiderisabletoadjusttheweb’stension,orhowtightlytheystretchtheweb.Thisway,itcanp

ickupcertaintypesofsounds.Mileshopestheresearchonspiderswillhelpusfindbetterwaystodetectsound.Mostmicrophonestodayworkbysensingpressure

andturningitintoanelectronicsignal.Butinthenaturalworld,“spidersaren’tsensingpressure”.Milessaid:“Mostan

imalsdon’thearthatway;theysensethemotionoftheair.”Futuremicrophones,likethoseusedinhearingaids,couldsomedayh

aveadesignlikethisinmind.Thenexttimeyouseeaspider,Milessuggested,watchhowitreactstosounds,likeyourfootsteps—thoughwhatthosenoisesmeantothespid

erremainssomewhatofamystery.“Spidersdon’thavegoodfacialexpressions,”Mileslaughed.“It’shardtoreadthem.”51．Spidersknowaninsectlandsontheirwebby______

__.A．seeingittryingtoescapethewebB．sensingthemotionitmakesC．usingitsearstohearitmovingD．growingtinyhairs

tofindit52．Scientistsplaysoundsonloudspeakersintheexperimentto________.A．observehowthespiderswouldreactB．assistthespidersincatchingth

eirpreyC．encouragethespiderstobuildnewwebsD．protectpeoplefromspiders53．Whydospidersneedtousetheirwebslikeagiantear?A．I

tkeepsthemsafefromdangerousanimals.B．Itshowsthemwhentheyneedanewweb.C．Ithelpsthemdetectinsectsflyingnearby.D．Itletsthemcommunicatewithotherspiders.5

4．Spidersadjustthetensionintheirwebsto________.A．blockoutsoundsthatscareawayinsectsB．helpthempickupc

ertaintypesofsoundsC．allowthemtomakesoundsthatattractpreyD．makesoundsthatgetotherspiders’attention55．WhatdoesMilesbelieve

isthesignificanceofstudyingspiders?A．Itcouldleadtohearingaidsthatsensepressure.B．Itshowsthatevensmallanimalscanmakenoise.

C．Itcouldallowpeopletosensetheforcecreatedbysounds.D．Itcouldresultinmicrophonesthatsensethemotionofair.第三部分：写作(

共两节，满分35分)第一节：阅读表达(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)阅读下面短文，按照要求完成阅读任务。WhenBrantleyHarrisonandherfamilyrescuedatiny,inj

uredsquirrelback,thenreleasedherbackintothewild,theydidn’texpecttoeverseeheragain.Nineyearslater,however,littleBell

a,theycalledthesquirrelBella,stillcomestovisitthemalmosteveryday—aslongassnacksareprovided,ofcourse.Asababy,theterrible

attackmadebyanowl(猫头鹰)leftBellaneardeath,shewascarefullytakeninbytheGreenvilleCounty,SouthCarolinafamily,andraisedbythemalo

ngsidethreeothersquirrelsnamedLarry,Curly,andMoe.BellastayedwiththeHarrisonsuntilshehadhealedsuccessfullythankst

oaregulardietoffruit,nuts,andbabyfood,andwasreadytojumponthetreesintheforest.Thesweetsquirrelnevergoesto

ofarfromheradoptedhome,though,andstopsbytosayhellowhenevershecan,despitehowmuchtimehaspassed.“Bellasitsrightatthefro

ntdoorwaitingforsomeonetonoticeshehascomebyforavisit.Ifnoonenoticesher,shewilljumpovertothediningroomwindowtow

aitforsomeonetoseeher,”BrantleytoldTheDodo.Thelittleladyjustisn’treadytopartwiththefamilythatsuccoredherli

fe.Whenevershestopsby,sheasksfornothingmorethanahandfulofnuts.Whatisthemostamazingpart?AfewyearsafterBella’soriginalstayattheHarr

isonhouse,shefoundherwaybacktothemwithaninjuredfoot—andabellyfullofbabies—spendinganotherfewmonthsofrec

overing.“ItwastrulyamazingtowatchthebabyIraisedraiseherownbabies,”Brantleysaid.BellanowevenhasherownInstagr

ampage,whereherhumanfamilydocumentsheradventures,withalmost4thousandfollowers!56．WhathappenedafterlittleBella

wasinjuredbyanowl?(Nomorethan10words)________________________________________________________________________________________

____57．HowdidtheHarrisonstakecareoflittleBella?(Nomorethan15words)___________________________________

_________________________________________________________58．Whatdoestheunderlinedwordinthethirdparag

raphmean?(Only1word)____________________________________________________________________________________________59．WhatbroughtBellabacktotheHa

rrisonsafewyearsafteritsoriginalstay?(Nomorethan10words)______________________________________________________________________________________

______60．HowdoesBella’sstoryinspireyou?Pleaseexplaininyourownwords.(nomorethan20words)______________________________

______________________________________________________________第二节：书面表达（满分25分）假设你是晨光中学英语社团的成员李津。为弘扬中国优秀传统文化，提高学生

英语表达能力，社团在上周举行了一次“用英语讲中国故事”征文比赛活动，成员们踊跃参加，取得圆满成功。请你按照以下提示，用英语为社团写一个活动报道：●介绍活动的基本情况(主题，时间，参与方式，人员等)；●介绍活动的主要意义与效果；●分享本人参加活动的收获。注意：(1)词数不少于1

00；(2)可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯。参考词汇：用英语讲中国故事StoriesofChinaRetoldinEnglish征文比赛：essaycontest_________________________________________________________

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