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12021-2022第二学期高考前模拟练习高三英语第一部分知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Oleita,a26-

year-oldenvironmentalistfromDetroit,thinksshemayhaveapartialsolutionfortwoproblems:garbageandpoverty.It’scalledtheChipBagProject.Sheisencour

agingsnackloverstodonatetheir____1____chipbagsratherthanthrowthemaway,soshecanturnthemintosleepingbagsforthehomeless.TheideacametoOleitatwoyears

agowhenshecameacrossawomaninEngland____2____viewershowtoputchipbagstogethertomakesleepingbagsonFacebook.____3____,shedecidedtousethatvi

deoasablueprinttostarttheChipBagProject.Oleitaandhervolunteersgetchipbagsofallbrandsandsizes.Aftercleaningtheminsoapyhotwater,

they____4____themopen,laythemflatandironthemtogether.Theyusethematerialfromoldcoatsto____5____theinsides.Eachsleepingbagrequires150chipbags

andtakesaroundfourhourstocomplete.Since2020,theprojecthas____6____morethan800,000chipbagsand,asoflastDe

cember,created110sleepingbags.Sure,itwouldbesimplerto____7____moneytobuynewsleepingbags.Butthat’snotenough.“

Wearecommittedtoproviding____8____forthoseinneed,makinganimpactnotonlysocially,butenvironmentally,”Oleitasa

ys.And,ofcourse,there’sthesymbolismofrecyclingbagsthatwould____9____landinthetrashandusingthemtohelpthehomeless.It’sapowerfulreminderthatpollutionan

dpovertyoftengohandinhand.AsOleitasaid,“Ithinkit’stimetoshow_____10_____betweenalloftheseissues.”1.A.cleanB.specialC.

emptyD.new2.A.showingB.askingC.sendingD.observing3.A.AstonishedB.InspiredC.DisappointedD.Embarrassed4.A.pushB.sliceC.knoc

kD.swing5.A.decorateB.matchC.adjustD.cover6.A.purchasedB.soldC.collectedD.produced7.A.raiseB.borrowC.earnD.save8.A

.relaxationB.innovationC.instructionD.relief9.A.stillB.almostC.hardlyD.2otherwise10.A.conflictsB.similaritiesC.connectionsD.distinctions【答案】1.C2.A3

.B4.B5.D6.C7.A8.D9.D10.C第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分,共15分）A阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Mrs.Baileywasimport

antintheeducationaljourneythatcarriedmethroughschoolandintomyprofession.UntilIjoinedherclass,Ihadn’tbelievedinmyabilityasawriter.Sh

e___11___(persuade)metojointhepoetrysocietyandlitinmeafireforliterature.Sherecognised___12___(I)potentialandshowe

dmethatIcouldwritewithcreativityandenthusiasm.Becauseoftheconfidencesheinspiredinme,I’vecarvedouta___13___(success)professionasajournalist.【答案】11.p

ersuaded12.my13.successfulB阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Someuniversitystudentsca

rriedoutacampaign___14___theycelebratedtheirwholedaywithoutcellphones.Thismovewastoimprovetheirrelationshipswiththeirnearanddearonesandtokee

pthemawayfromthevirtual(虚拟的)life.___15___(study)indicatethatamajorityofyoungpeopleusedtheirphonesdur

inglessons,overfamilymealsorevenatthecinema.Theproblemofphoneaddiction(成瘾)hasbeenobservedsinceafewyearsago,withexpe

rtsandpsychologists___16___(try)toincreaseawarenessaboutthisproblem.【答案】14.where15.Studies16.tryingC阅读下列短文，根据短

文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Thetigershark___17___(consider)tobeoneofthemostdangeroussharksintheworld.Whyare

tigersharkssodangerous?First,theyliketolive___18___waterswherehumansusuallyswim,sothechancesofanencounter(遭遇)aremuchgreater.Second,tigersharksar

esostrongandaggressivethattheycan___19___(easy)hitaperson.Andthird,tigersharkshaveteethperfectly____20____(design)forcuttingtheirfood,soitiscer

tainthatthedamagewillbedisastrous.3【答案】17.isconsidered/hasbeenconsidered18.in19.easily20.designed第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分）第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）阅读下列短

文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AIfyou’relookingtobuyagiftforyourchildren,whynotkeepupwiththetrendandgetthebesthoverb

oard?WhatisaHoverboard?Ahoverboardisatwo-wheeledpersonaltransportationdevice.It’selectrical,portableandbecamehighlypop

ularin2015inreferencetoapopular1980’smovie.Typically,thisself-balancingdeviceoperateslikeapoweredskateboard.HowDoesaHoverboard

Work?Thedevicemayhavemanydesigns,butthemechanismitselfisn’tcomplicated.Basically,astandardhoverboardcontains:•Battery:storestheelectricalp

ower.Almostallhoverboardsuseahigh-wattlithium-ionbattery.•Gyroscope(oneforeachwheel):allowsriderstotilt(倾斜)thehoverboardwh

ilemaintainingbalanceandadjustingtheirdirection.•Motor(oneineachwheel):providesthepowertothewheelstokeeptheriderbal

ancedandupright.•Logicboard:functionsasthehoverboardbrain.Itprocessesdata—yourspeed,tilt,etc.—andsendsinf

ormationtothemotors.Thisunitcontrolsthepoweroftheboardsoriderscanadjusttheirspeed.Alltheabovecomponentsworktogethert

ocontrolthepowerandtiltofthehoverboardssotheriderisbalanced,uprightandmovingatacontrolledspeed.WhyBuyaHoverboa

rd?Undoubtedly,hoverboardsarecool.You’veprobablyseenkidsridingonearoundthehouse.They’reaphenomenonandev

erybodywantsin.So,whydenyyourkidsandpreventthemfrombeingpartofthistrend?Whereisahoverboardlegal?Despitetheirwildpopularity,hover

boardshaveyettobecome“street-legal”.Currently,some4placesprohibitanyoneunder16fromusingthesedevices,andhove

rboardsarebannedinacademicinstitutionsandpublicplaces,likecampusbuildings,parks,shoppingmallsandsubwaystations.Someplaceshavealsoputspeed

limitsonthedevicesandrestrictedtheirusetobikepaths.However,openareas—includingyouryard—arefreeoftheserestrictions.21

.Thelogicboardofahoverboardcan______.A.storeelectricityB.powerthewheelsC.sendinformationtotheridersD.receivedata

andgivecommand22.Accordingtothepassage,ahoverboardcanbeused______.A.oncampusB.inparksC.onbikepathsD.inshoppingmalls23.Wh

atisthemainpurposeofthispassage?A.Toevaluateagift’squality.B.Torecommendagiftchoice.C.Tocomparenewhover

boardmodels.D.Toclarifyfunctionsofthelatesthoverboards.【答案】21.D22.C23.BBGrowingup,DekaIsmailsayssheletlabelsdefinewhatshecouldbe.“Iwasablackgirl

,fromarefugee(难民)family,”Dekasaid.“ItwasasifIwasonlyallowedtoexploreinthispredeterminedbox.”Afterahighschoolchemi

stryclassinspiredhertothinkaboutacareerinscienceandgaveherconfidenceinthefield,Dekalearnedtoliveoutsid

elabelsandbeganmakingbigplansforherfuture.NowsheisabouttobeginherfreshmanyearattheUniversityofCalifornia,planningtobecomeaprofessor.Bomandr

aisedinSanDiego’sCityHeightsneighbourhood,DekaisthedaughterofaSomalirefugeecouple.WhilesomemightsayDelta’ssuccesshappenedinspiteof

herbackground,shewouldsaydifferently,thatherexperiencesshapedherandinspiredhertobethedriven,youngscientisttha

tsheistoday.WhenDekawaseightyearsold,hermothergotajobbystudyinghardbackinschoolinordertosupportthewholefamily.ThatmadeDekarea

lizethateducationcouldmakeadifferencetoone’slife.Shespentalotoftimeinthelibraryreadingbooks,anddidn’tdomanyofthethingsherpeersdid,l

ikepartyingorhavingromanticrelationships.“IalwaysfeltlikeIhadtobetheperfectgirlformyfamily,”Dekasaid.“Youhavetonoteven5doyourbestbuttwoti

mesbetterthaneveryoneelse.Ifeltlikethewholeworldwaswaitingformetomessup.”Delta’seffortspaidoff.Thesummerbeforehersenioryearofhig

hschool,shewasacceptedtotheAmericanChemicalSocietyProjectSEEDProgramme.“Shebroughtbothenthusiasmandfocus,”Botham,aresearcheratthisresearchinstitute,

recalled.“Shearrivedeverydayreadytowork,readytolearnandreadytotacklenewchallengesregardlessofwhetherornotshehaddoneanythingsimilar.”Whenaskedwha

tadviceshewouldgivetootherslikeher,Dekawarnedthemnottounderestimatethemselves.“Don’ttellyourselfthatthescholarshipistoobigorthispro

grammeistoocompetitiveorI'llnevergetintothisschool,”shesaid.“IwasnotsurewhetherIcouldmakeituntilIstartedseeingtheacceptancelettersrollingin.”24

.Fromthepassage,wecanlearnthat________.A.DekawasadoptedbyarefugeefamilyB.DekaspentalotoftimegoingtopartiesC.DekabecameaprofessoraftergraduationD.Deka

’sexperiencesdrovehertoworkhard25.Dekarealizedtheimportanceofeducation________.A.fromhermother’sexperienceB.afterherchemis

tryclassC.byreadingbooksinthelibraryD.throughworkingattheinstitute26.Accordingtothelastparagraph,Dekaadvisedthats

tudentsbe________.A.patientB.confidentC.ambitiousD.generous27.Whatdoesthestoryintendtotellus?A.Lifeisnotallroses.B.Practicemakesperfect.C.We

llbegunishalfdone.D.Hardworkleadstosuccess.【答案】24.D25.A26.B27.DCAgroupofblue-facedbirdsstepthroughthegrassshouldertoshoulder,redeyeslo

okingaround.Theylooklikemiddleschoolersseekingacafeteriatableatlunchtime.Perhapsthey’renotsodifferent.Anewstudy,ledbyDamienFarine,anornithologistw

hostudiescollectivebehaviour,showsthatthevulturineguineafowlofeasternAfrica,likehumans,havemultilevelsocieties.Inthepast,scien

tistsassumedsuchsocialstructuresrequiredalotofbrainpower.Butthepea-brained6guineafowlarerevealingthefaultsinthatassumption.Theselarge

birdswanderacrossthelandscapeinpacks,oftenwalkingsocloselythattheirbodiestouch.Theymayfighteachothertoma

intaintheirstricthierarchies(等级制度),butatothertimestheyengageinfriendlybehaviourslikesharingfood.Suspectingthegui

neafowlmighthaveasocialstructure,Dr.Farineandhiscolleaguesbeganathoroughstudyoftheirsociety.Forawholeyear,theymadedailyobservationsof441birds.Colou

redlegbandsinuniquecombinationsletresearcherstelltheblack-and-bluebirdsapart.TheyalsoattachedGPSdevicestothebacksof58birds,whichletthemseeexactlyw

hereeverygroupwent,24hoursaday.Thefindingsoftheresearchsuggestthatthevulturineguineafowlhaveamultilevelsociety.Therearegroupswithingroupswithint

hepopulationasawhole.Thereevenseemtobegroupsoffriendswithinthesmallgroups.Thisisthefirsttimeanyonehasob

servedsuchasocietyinabird.AndDr.Farineemphasizesthisparticularbird’stinybrainsize:“Theydon’tonlyhavesmallbrains

relativetomammals(哺乳动物),theyalsohavequitesmallbrainsrelativetootherbirds,”hesaid.Accordingtohim,livinginthiskindofsoc

ietymightactuallymakeiteasiertokeeptrackofthesocialorder.Forexample,ifgroupsarestableandabirdcanidentifyjustoneortwoindiv

idualswithinagroup,itknowswhichgroupit’slookingat—noneedforabrainthatcanrecognizeeverysingleanimal.Multilevelsocietiesalsoletanimalsadju

sttheirgroupsizesbasedonwhateverchallengesthey’refacing.Dependingonwhatenemiesorresourcesarearound,itmightmakesensetotra

velinacombinedgroupratherthanasmallerone.“Havingamultilevelstructuremaynotrequirehavingalargebrain,”Dr.Farinesaid.Theremaybemorebirdsan

dotheranimalsouttherethat,althoughsmall-brained,havesocietiesasmany-leveledasourown.28.Accordingtothe

passage,whatinspiredDr.Farinetocarryoutthestudy?A.Theguineafowl’ssocialbehaviour.B.Previousassumptionsaboutbirds.C.Hisint

erestinanimalbrainpower.D.Thefaultsinearlierresearch.29.WhatisParagraph4mainlyabout?A.Theresearchsubjects.B.Theresearchmethod

s.C.Theresearchfindings.D.Theresearchequipment.30.Whatcanbelearnedfromthepassage?A.Complexsocialsystem

scanbeadisadvantagetotheguineafowl.B.Theguineafowlaregoodatrecognizingindividualsinagroup.C.Birdsmaintainsocialorderbytravellingincombinedgroups.D.

Small-brainedanimalscanformmultilevelsocieties.【答案】28.A29.B30.D7DForseveraldecades,therehasbeenanextensi

veandorganizedcampaignintendedtogeneratedistrustinscience,fundedbythosewhoseinterestsandideologiesarethr

eatenedbythefindingsofmodernscience.Inresponse,scientistshavetendedtostressthesuccessofscience.Afteral

l,scientistshavebeenrightaboutmostthings.Stressingsuccessesisn’twrong,butformanypeopleit’snotpersuasive.Analternativean

swertothequestion“Whytrustscience?”isthatscientistsusetheso-calledscientificmethod.Ifyou’vegotahighschoo

lsciencetextbooklyingaround,you’llprobablyfindthatanswerinit.Butwhatistypicallythoughttobethescientificmethod—developahypo

thesis(假设),thendesignanexperimenttotestit—isn’twhatscientistsactuallydo.Scienceisdynamic:newmethodsgetinvented;oldonesgeta

bandoned;andsometimes,scientistscanbefounddoingmanydifferentthings.Ifthereisnoidentifiablescientificm

ethod,thenwhatisthereasonfortrustinscience?Theanswerishowthoseclaimsareevaluated.Thecommonelementinmodernscience,regardlessofthespe

cificfieldortheparticularmethodsbeingused,isthestrictscrutiny(审查)ofclaims.It’sthistough,sustainedprocessthatworkstomakesu

refaultyclaimsarerejected.Ascientificclaimisneveracceptedastrueuntilithasgonethroughalengthy“peerreview”because

thereviewersareexpertsinthesamefieldwhohaveboththerightandtheobligation(责任)tofindfaults.Akeyaspectofscientificjudgmentisthatitisdone

collectively.Noclaimgetsaccepteduntilithasbeenvettedbydozens,ifnothundreds,ofheads.Inareasthathavebeencontested,likeclimatescienceandvaccinesafe

ty,it’sthousands.Thisiswhywearegenerallyjustifiedinnotworryingtoomuchifasinglescientist,evenaveryfamousone,disagreeswiththeclaim.Andthis

iswhydiversityinscience—themorepeoplelookingataclaimfromdifferentangles—isimportant.Doesthisprocessevergowrong?Ofcourse.Scientis

tsarehumans.Thereisalwaysthepossibilityofrevisingaclaimonthebasisofnewevidence.Somepeoplearguethatweshouldnottrus

tsciencebecausescientistsare“alwayschangingtheirminds.”Whileexamplesoftrulysettledsciencebeingoverturnedarefarfewerthanissometim

esclaimed,theydoexist.Butthebeautyofthisscientificprocessisthatitexplainswhatmightotherwiseappearparadoxical(

矛盾的):thatscienceproducesbothnoveltyandstability.Scientistsdochangetheirmindsinthefaceofnewevidence,butthisisastrengthofscience,notaweakness.31.

Howdoestheauthorthinkofthescientificmethod?A.Stable.B.Persuasive.C.Unreliable.D.Unrealistic.32.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“vetted”inParagraph4proba

blymean?A.Explained.B.Examined.C.Repeated.D.Released.33.Accordingtothepassage,theauthormayagreethat___

___.A.itisnotpersuasivetorejectthosefaultyclaims8B.settledsciencetendstobecollectivelyoverturnedC.aleadingexpertcannotplayadecisiveroleinascrutinyD

.diversityinknowledgeisthecommonelementinscience34.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassag

e?A.PutYourFaithinScienceB.DefendtheTruthinScienceC.ApplyYourMindtoScienceD.ExploreADynamicWaytoScienc

e【答案】31.C32.B33.C34.A第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Aninterviewisadiscussionw

ithsomeoneinwhichyoutrytogetinformationfromthem.____35____Therearethreebasicsub-typesofinterview:structuredinterv

iews,unstructuredinterviewsandsemi-structuredinterviews.___36___Incidentally,“respondent”and“informant”arew

ordsthataresometimesusedinsteadof“interviewee”.Agreatdealisprovidedbythispersonalcontact:youareanotherhumanbeing,andintervieweeswillrespondtoy

ou,inbodilypresence,inanentirelydifferentwayfromthewaythattheywouldhavereactedtoquestionnairesthatcamethroughtheirletterboxesortoemails.____3

7____Mostpeoplewanttohelpandgivetheiropinions,andtheywillusuallybeenergizedtohelpbyyourphysicalpresen

ce.Ifyoutakethetroubletoscheduleavisit,youcanbemoreorlessguaranteedofaresponse.Mostimportantly,though,youwillbeabletorelatetoin

tervieweeswhileyouaretalkingtothem.____38____Youwillbeabletowatchtheirbehaviourwhichwillgiveyouimportantclues

abouthowtheyfeelaboutatopic.Becauseoftheprimacyofthepersonalcontact,yourappearanceandtoneareimportant—howdoyouwanttobeseen?As“oneofus”?Asaper

soninauthority?Asanobserver?…Orwhat?___39___Howeveryoudecidetopresentyourself,itisgoodpracticeofcoursetotrytoputtheintervieweeateasebeforetheint

erviewbegins—totalkabouttheweather,aboutyourjourney,aboutanythingthatwillbreaktheice.A.Thisisaready-m

adesupportforyou.B.Itsnaturevarieswiththenatureoftheinterviews.C.Youwillbeabletohearandunderstandwhattheyaresaying.D.Yourdecisionshouldinflu

encethewaythatyoulook,soundandbehave.E.Theinformationmaybefactsoropinionsorattitudesoranycombinationofthese.F.Ea

chinvolvestheinterviewerinfact-to-facecontactortelephonecontactwithanotherperson.G.Youwillbeusingthesecluestomakeinformedguessesaboutwhatth

eintervieweesmightreallymean.【答案】35.E36.F37.A38.C39.D9第三部分书面表达（共两节，32分）第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）阅读下面短文,根据题目要求用英文回答问题。Do

n’tputyourelbows(肘)onthetable.Thesoupspoonshouldneverbeputintothemouth.Thesearesomeoftheexamplesoftablemanners.Theysh

owthewaypeoplebehavewhileeatingameal.Actually,everyfamilyfollowstablemannersinitsownway.Eveninfamili

eswherenoonementionselbows,therearealwaysbehaviourstakingeffectwhensharingmeals.Interestingly,differentcu

ltureshavedifferentthoughtsontablemanners-elbowsonthetable,forexample,isveryBritish.Somecountriesthinkburping(打嗝)afteramealisasignthatitwasdelicious

.Whileitisimportanttokeepsilentwhileeating,insomeareasitisactuallyasimportanttokeepupthetraditionofeatingatthet

ableasafamily,withconversationsandnomobilephones.Tablemannersmattermuch.Theyareareflectionofyourcharacter.I

t’saboutrespectforothers.Whenyouarewithothersinasocialsetting,youwanttobeconsideratetothosearoundyou.Tablemannersalsomeanyour“ti

cket”tosocialsuccess.Goodmannerswillopendoorsthatthebesteducationcannot.Fewwillwantanill-manneredpersonintheirworkplace,ors

ocialcircle,andthisisasrelevanttodayasitwashundredsofyearsago.Whileglobalizationhasledtotheintermixingofcultures,theessenceoft

ablemannersremains.“Iwasbroughtuptohavetablemanners,”sayscelebratedchefTonyTan,whogrewupinMalaysia,eatingIndian,ChineseandMalaycuisine

swithchopsticks,hands,spoonandfork.Tan,whowentontotrainasachefinParisandLondon,isanexpertinAsiancuisinesfromCantonese

toMalaysian,whichheteachesathisschoolincountryVictoria-buttheetiquette(礼节),particularlyofhisChinesetradition,hasremained.Hes

ays,“You’vegottoinviteyourelderstostarteating,orsay,‘Wearenoweating’,sotheelderscansay,‘Goahead’.It’sasignofrespec

ttotheelderly.Whenpeopledon’tdothatanymore,theylackmannersandtheylackgoodupbringing.”40.Whataretablemanners?41.Whyaretablema

nnersimportant?42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.>Tony

Tansaysthatitisimpoliteforyoungergenerationstostarteatingbeforetheeldersdoevenaftertheygetpermissionfromtheelders.43.Apart

fromtherulesmentionedinthepassage,whatothertablemannersdoyouhaveinyourhome?（Inabout40words）【答案】40.Tablemannersarethewaypeoplebehavewhilee

atingameal.41.Becausetablemannerscanreflectpeople’scharacter,suchasbeingrespectfulandconsideratetoothers,andtheycanalsoleadpeopleto

socialsuccess.42.TonyTansaysthatitisimpoliteforyoungergenerationstostarteatingbeforetheeldersdoevenafterthegetpermissionfro

mtheelders.Accordingtothepassage,iftheirelderssay“Goahead”,youngergenerationscanstarteatingbefore10theeldersdo.Soitisacceptablef

orthemtostarteatingwiththepermissionfromtheelderly.43.Inmyhome,whenyouwantsomethingatdinner,don’tpointatitwi

thyourchopsticks,anddon’tspeaknoisilyeither.Pleaseuseaspoonforsoup.Whenyoufinishthedinner,andsomeoneisstilleating,don’tleavethetable.

第二节（20分）44.假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的英国好友Jim在你们学校网站上看到了学生参加学农活动的照片，很感兴趣，发来邮件询问。请你给他回复邮件，内容包括：1.学农活动的相关信息（时间、内容……）；2.你参加学农活动的感受。注意：1.词数不少于50；2.开头和结尾已给

出，不计入总词数。提示词：学农learnfromfarmersDearJim,_______________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours,LiHua【答案】DearJim,Thankyouforasking.I’mgladtotellyouaboutthosephotos.LastSaturdayourschoolorganizeda“LearningfromFarmers”activity.Myc

lassmatesandIwenttoafarminnorthernBeijing.Wehelpedthefarmerspickapplesthewholeday.IamveryhappybecauseIworkedandhelpedthe

farmers.AndIlearnedforthefirsttimeofthedifficultygettingfruitsontothekitchentable.Yours,LiHua11获得更多资源请

扫码加入享学资源网微信公众号www.xiangxue100.com