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12021-2022第二学期高考前模拟练习高三英语第一部分知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Oleita,a26-year-

oldenvironmentalistfromDetroit,thinksshemayhaveapartialsolutionfortwoproblems:garbageandpoverty.It’scalle

dtheChipBagProject.Sheisencouragingsnackloverstodonatetheir____1____chipbagsratherthanthrowthemaway,sosheca

nturnthemintosleepingbagsforthehomeless.TheideacametoOleitatwoyearsagowhenshecameacrossawomaninEngland____2____viewe

rshowtoputchipbagstogethertomakesleepingbagsonFacebook.____3____,shedecidedtousethatvideoasablueprinttostarttheChipBagProject.Oleitaand

hervolunteersgetchipbagsofallbrandsandsizes.Aftercleaningtheminsoapyhotwater,they____4____themopen,laythemflatandironthemtogether.Theyuset

hematerialfromoldcoatsto____5____theinsides.Eachsleepingbagrequires150chipbagsandtakesaroundfourhourst

ocomplete.Since2020,theprojecthas____6____morethan800,000chipbagsand,asoflastDecember,created110sleepingbags.Sure,itwouldbesimplerto____7_

___moneytobuynewsleepingbags.Butthat’snotenough.“Wearecommittedtoproviding____8____forthoseinneed,makinganimpactnotonlysoc

ially,butenvironmentally,”Oleitasays.And,ofcourse,there’sthesymbolismofrecyclingbagsthatwould____9____land

inthetrashandusingthemtohelpthehomeless.It’sapowerfulreminderthatpollutionandpovertyoftengohandinhand.AsOleitasaid,“Ithinkit’stimetoshow_____10____

_betweenalloftheseissues.”1.A.cleanB.specialC.emptyD.new2.A.showingB.askingC.sendingD.observing3.A.Astonishe

dB.InspiredC.DisappointedD.Embarrassed4.A.pushB.sliceC.knockD.swing5.A.decorateB.matchC.adjustD.cover6.A.purch

asedB.soldC.collectedD.produced7.A.raiseB.borrowC.earnD.save8.A.relaxationB.innovationC.instructionD.relief9.A.stillB.almostC.hardlyD.2othe

rwise10.A.conflictsB.similaritiesC.connectionsD.distinctions【答案】1.C2.A3.B4.B5.D6.C7.A8.D9.D10.C第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分,共15分）A阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空

白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Mrs.Baileywasimportantintheeducationaljourneythatcarriedmethro

ughschoolandintomyprofession.UntilIjoinedherclass,Ihadn’tbelievedinmyabilityasawriter.She___11___(persuade)metojointhepoetrys

ocietyandlitinmeafireforliterature.Sherecognised___12___(I)potentialandshowedmethatIcouldwritewithcreativityande

nthusiasm.Becauseoftheconfidencesheinspiredinme,I’vecarvedouta___13___(success)professionasajournalist.【答案】11.persuaded12.my13.successfulB阅读下列短文，根据短

文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Someuniversitystudentscarriedoutacampaign___14___theycelebratedtheirwholedaywithoutcell

phones.Thismovewastoimprovetheirrelationshipswiththeirnearanddearonesandtokeepthemawayfromthevirtual(虚拟的)l

ife.___15___(study)indicatethatamajorityofyoungpeopleusedtheirphonesduringlessons,overfamilymealsorevenatthecinema.Theproblemofphonea

ddiction(成瘾)hasbeenobservedsinceafewyearsago,withexpertsandpsychologists___16___(try)toincreaseawarenessaboutthisproblem.【答案】14.where15.Studies16.try

ingC阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Thetigershark___17___(consider)tobeoneofthem

ostdangeroussharksintheworld.Whyaretigersharkssodangerous?First,theyliketolive___18___waterswherehumansusuallyswim,sothechances

ofanencounter(遭遇)aremuchgreater.Second,tigersharksaresostrongandaggressivethattheycan___19___(easy)hitaperson.Andthird,

tigersharkshaveteethperfectly____20____(design)forcuttingtheirfood,soitiscertainthatthedamagewillbedisastrous.3【答案】

17.isconsidered/hasbeenconsidered18.in19.easily20.designed第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分）第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答

题卡上将该项涂黑。AIfyou’relookingtobuyagiftforyourchildren,whynotkeepupwiththetrendandgetthebesthoverboard?WhatisaHoverboard?Ahoverboardisatwo-wh

eeledpersonaltransportationdevice.It’selectrical,portableandbecamehighlypopularin2015inreferencetoapopular1980’smovie.Typically,thisself-balancin

gdeviceoperateslikeapoweredskateboard.HowDoesaHoverboardWork?Thedevicemayhavemanydesigns,butthemechanismitselfisn’tcomplicated

.Basically,astandardhoverboardcontains:•Battery:storestheelectricalpower.Almostallhoverboardsuseahigh-wattlithium-ionbatte

ry.•Gyroscope(oneforeachwheel):allowsriderstotilt(倾斜)thehoverboardwhilemaintainingbalanceandadjustingtheirdirection.•Motor(oneineac

hwheel):providesthepowertothewheelstokeeptheriderbalancedandupright.•Logicboard:functionsasthehoverboardbrain.Itprocesse

sdata—yourspeed,tilt,etc.—andsendsinformationtothemotors.Thisunitcontrolsthepoweroftheboardsoriderscanadjus

ttheirspeed.Alltheabovecomponentsworktogethertocontrolthepowerandtiltofthehoverboardssotheriderisbalanced,uprightandmovingatacontrolledspeed.WhyB

uyaHoverboard?Undoubtedly,hoverboardsarecool.You’veprobablyseenkidsridingonearoundthehouse.They’reaphenomenonan

deverybodywantsin.So,whydenyyourkidsandpreventthemfrombeingpartofthistrend?Whereisahoverboardlegal?Des

pitetheirwildpopularity,hoverboardshaveyettobecome“street-legal”.Currently,some4placesprohibitanyoneunder

16fromusingthesedevices,andhoverboardsarebannedinacademicinstitutionsandpublicplaces,likecampusbuildings,parks,shoppingmallsandsubway

stations.Someplaceshavealsoputspeedlimitsonthedevicesandrestrictedtheirusetobikepaths.However,openareas—includingyouryard—arefre

eoftheserestrictions.21.Thelogicboardofahoverboardcan______.A.storeelectricityB.powerthewheelsC.sendi

nformationtotheridersD.receivedataandgivecommand22.Accordingtothepassage,ahoverboardcanbeused______.A.oncam

pusB.inparksC.onbikepathsD.inshoppingmalls23.Whatisthemainpurposeofthispassage?A.Toevaluateagift’squality.B.Torecommendagiftchoice.C.Tocomparenewhove

rboardmodels.D.Toclarifyfunctionsofthelatesthoverboards.【答案】21.D22.C23.BBGrowingup,DekaIsmailsayssheletlabelsdefinewhatshecouldbe

.“Iwasablackgirl,fromarefugee(难民)family,”Dekasaid.“ItwasasifIwasonlyallowedtoexploreinthispredeterminedbox.”Afterahighschoolchemistryclassins

piredhertothinkaboutacareerinscienceandgaveherconfidenceinthefield,Dekalearnedtoliveoutsidelabelsandbeganm

akingbigplansforherfuture.NowsheisabouttobeginherfreshmanyearattheUniversityofCalifornia,planningtobecomeaprofessor.Boman

draisedinSanDiego’sCityHeightsneighbourhood,DekaisthedaughterofaSomalirefugeecouple.WhilesomemightsayDelta’ssuccessha

ppenedinspiteofherbackground,shewouldsaydifferently,thatherexperiencesshapedherandinspiredhertobethedriven,youngscientistthatsh

eistoday.WhenDekawaseightyearsold,hermothergotajobbystudyinghardbackinschoolinordertosupportthewholefamily.ThatmadeDekarealizethateducation

couldmakeadifferencetoone’slife.Shespentalotoftimeinthelibraryreadingbooks,anddidn’tdomanyofthethingsherpeersdid,likepartyingor

havingromanticrelationships.“IalwaysfeltlikeIhadtobetheperfectgirlformyfamily,”Dekasaid.“Youhavetonotev

en5doyourbestbuttwotimesbetterthaneveryoneelse.Ifeltlikethewholeworldwaswaitingformetomessup.”Delta’seffor

tspaidoff.Thesummerbeforehersenioryearofhighschool,shewasacceptedtotheAmericanChemicalSocietyProjectSEEDProgramme.“Shebroughtbothenthusiasmandf

ocus,”Botham,aresearcheratthisresearchinstitute,recalled.“Shearrivedeverydayreadytowork,readytolearnandreadytotacklenewchallengesregardless

ofwhetherornotshehaddoneanythingsimilar.”Whenaskedwhatadviceshewouldgivetootherslikeher,Dekawarnedthemnottounderestimatethemselves.“Don’ttellyourse

lfthatthescholarshipistoobigorthisprogrammeistoocompetitiveorI'llnevergetintothisschool,”shesaid.“Iwasnotsurewheth

erIcouldmakeituntilIstartedseeingtheacceptancelettersrollingin.”24.Fromthepassage,wecanlearnthat________.A.DekawasadoptedbyarefugeefamilyB

.DekaspentalotoftimegoingtopartiesC.DekabecameaprofessoraftergraduationD.Deka’sexperiencesdrovehertoworkha

rd25.Dekarealizedtheimportanceofeducation________.A.fromhermother’sexperienceB.afterherchemistryclassC.byreadi

ngbooksinthelibraryD.throughworkingattheinstitute26.Accordingtothelastparagraph,Dekaadvisedthatstudentsbe________.A.patientB.co

nfidentC.ambitiousD.generous27.Whatdoesthestoryintendtotellus?A.Lifeisnotallroses.B.Practicemakesperfect.C.Wellbegunishalfdone.D

.Hardworkleadstosuccess.【答案】24.D25.A26.B27.DCAgroupofblue-facedbirdsstepthroughthegrassshouldertoshoulder,re

deyeslookingaround.Theylooklikemiddleschoolersseekingacafeteriatableatlunchtime.Perhapsthey’renotsodifferent.Anewstudy,ledbyDamienFarine,a

nornithologistwhostudiescollectivebehaviour,showsthatthevulturineguineafowlofeasternAfrica,likehumans,havemultilevelsocieties.Inthepast,scientistsass

umedsuchsocialstructuresrequiredalotofbrainpower.Butthepea-brained6guineafowlarerevealingthefaultsinthatassump

tion.Theselargebirdswanderacrossthelandscapeinpacks,oftenwalkingsocloselythattheirbodiestouch.Theymayfig

hteachothertomaintaintheirstricthierarchies(等级制度),butatothertimestheyengageinfriendlybehaviourslikesharingfoo

d.Suspectingtheguineafowlmighthaveasocialstructure,Dr.Farineandhiscolleaguesbeganathoroughstudyoftheirsociety.Forawholeyear,theymadedailyo

bservationsof441birds.Colouredlegbandsinuniquecombinationsletresearcherstelltheblack-and-bluebirdsapart.TheyalsoattachedGPS

devicestothebacksof58birds,whichletthemseeexactlywhereeverygroupwent,24hoursaday.Thefindingsoftheresearchsuggestthatth

evulturineguineafowlhaveamultilevelsociety.Therearegroupswithingroupswithinthepopulationasawhole.Thereevenseemtobegroupsoffriendswit

hinthesmallgroups.Thisisthefirsttimeanyonehasobservedsuchasocietyinabird.AndDr.Farineemphasizesthisparticularbird’stinybrainsize:“Theyd

on’tonlyhavesmallbrainsrelativetomammals(哺乳动物),theyalsohavequitesmallbrainsrelativetootherbirds,”hesaid.Accor

dingtohim,livinginthiskindofsocietymightactuallymakeiteasiertokeeptrackofthesocialorder.Forexample,ifgrou

psarestableandabirdcanidentifyjustoneortwoindividualswithinagroup,itknowswhichgroupit’slookingat—noneedforabrainthatcanrecognizeeverysingleani

mal.Multilevelsocietiesalsoletanimalsadjusttheirgroupsizesbasedonwhateverchallengesthey’refacing.Dep

endingonwhatenemiesorresourcesarearound,itmightmakesensetotravelinacombinedgroupratherthanasmallerone.“Havingamul

tilevelstructuremaynotrequirehavingalargebrain,”Dr.Farinesaid.Theremaybemorebirdsandotheranimalsouttherethat,althoughsma

ll-brained,havesocietiesasmany-leveledasourown.28.Accordingtothepassage,whatinspiredDr.Farinetocarryoutthestudy?A.Theguineafowl’s

socialbehaviour.B.Previousassumptionsaboutbirds.C.Hisinterestinanimalbrainpower.D.Thefaultsinearlierresearch.29.WhatisParagrap

h4mainlyabout?A.Theresearchsubjects.B.Theresearchmethods.C.Theresearchfindings.D.Theresearchequipment.30.Whatcan

belearnedfromthepassage?A.Complexsocialsystemscanbeadisadvantagetotheguineafowl.B.Theguineafowlaregoodatrecogni

zingindividualsinagroup.C.Birdsmaintainsocialorderbytravellingincombinedgroups.D.Small-brainedanimalscanformmultilevelsoc

ieties.【答案】28.A29.B30.D7DForseveraldecades,therehasbeenanextensiveandorganizedcampaignintendedtogeneratedistrustins

cience,fundedbythosewhoseinterestsandideologiesarethreatenedbythefindingsofmodernscience.Inresponse,scientists

havetendedtostressthesuccessofscience.Afterall,scientistshavebeenrightaboutmostthings.Stressingsuccessesisn’twrong,butformanypeopleit’snotpersuasiv

e.Analternativeanswertothequestion“Whytrustscience?”isthatscientistsusetheso-calledscientificmethod.Ifyou’vegotahighschoolsciencetextbo

oklyingaround,you’llprobablyfindthatanswerinit.Butwhatistypicallythoughttobethescientificmethod—developahypothesis(假设),thendesignanexperi

menttotestit—isn’twhatscientistsactuallydo.Scienceisdynamic:newmethodsgetinvented;oldonesgetabandoned;andsometimes,scientistscanbefounddoi

ngmanydifferentthings.Ifthereisnoidentifiablescientificmethod,thenwhatisthereasonfortrustinscience?Theanswerishowthoseclaimsareevalua

ted.Thecommonelementinmodernscience,regardlessofthespecificfieldortheparticularmethodsbeingused,isthestrictscrutiny(审查)ofclaims.It’s

thistough,sustainedprocessthatworkstomakesurefaultyclaimsarerejected.Ascientificclaimisneveracceptedastrueuntilithasgonethroughalengthy“peerrev

iew”becausethereviewersareexpertsinthesamefieldwhohaveboththerightandtheobligation(责任)tofindfaults.Akeyaspectofscie

ntificjudgmentisthatitisdonecollectively.Noclaimgetsaccepteduntilithasbeenvettedbydozens,ifnothundreds,ofhea

ds.Inareasthathavebeencontested,likeclimatescienceandvaccinesafety,it’sthousands.Thisiswhywearegenerallyjustifiedinnotworryingtoomuchifasi

nglescientist,evenaveryfamousone,disagreeswiththeclaim.Andthisiswhydiversityinscience—themorepeoplelookingataclaimfro

mdifferentangles—isimportant.Doesthisprocessevergowrong?Ofcourse.Scientistsarehumans.Thereisalwaysthepossibil

ityofrevisingaclaimonthebasisofnewevidence.Somepeoplearguethatweshouldnottrustsciencebecausescientistsare“alwaysc

hangingtheirminds.”Whileexamplesoftrulysettledsciencebeingoverturnedarefarfewerthanissometimesclaimed,theydoexist.Butthebeautyofthisscient

ificprocessisthatitexplainswhatmightotherwiseappearparadoxical(矛盾的):thatscienceproducesbothnoveltyandstability.Scientistsdochangetheirmindsinthefac

eofnewevidence,butthisisastrengthofscience,notaweakness.31.Howdoestheauthorthinkofthescientificmethod?A.Stable.B.Persuasive.C.Unreliable.D.U

nrealistic.32.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“vetted”inParagraph4probablymean?A.Explained.B.Examined.C.Rep

eated.D.Released.33.Accordingtothepassage,theauthormayagreethat______.A.itisnotpersuasivetorejectthosefaultyclaims8B.settledscien

cetendstobecollectivelyoverturnedC.aleadingexpertcannotplayadecisiveroleinascrutinyD.diversityinknowledgeist

hecommonelementinscience34.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.PutYourFaithinScienceB.DefendtheTruthinScienceC.ApplyYourMindtoSci

enceD.ExploreADynamicWaytoScience【答案】31.C32.B33.C34.A第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。A

ninterviewisadiscussionwithsomeoneinwhichyoutrytogetinformationfromthem.____35____Therearethreebasicsub-typesofinterv

iew:structuredinterviews,unstructuredinterviewsandsemi-structuredinterviews.___36___Incidentally,“respondent”and

“informant”arewordsthataresometimesusedinsteadof“interviewee”.Agreatdealisprovidedbythispersonalcontact:

youareanotherhumanbeing,andintervieweeswillrespondtoyou,inbodilypresence,inanentirelydifferentwayfromthewaythattheywouldhave

reactedtoquestionnairesthatcamethroughtheirletterboxesortoemails.____37____Mostpeoplewanttohelpandgivethe

iropinions,andtheywillusuallybeenergizedtohelpbyyourphysicalpresence.Ifyoutakethetroubletoscheduleavisit,youcan

bemoreorlessguaranteedofaresponse.Mostimportantly,though,youwillbeabletorelatetointervieweeswhileyou

aretalkingtothem.____38____Youwillbeabletowatchtheirbehaviourwhichwillgiveyouimportantcluesabouthowtheyfeelaboutatopic.Becauseoftheprimacy

ofthepersonalcontact,yourappearanceandtoneareimportant—howdoyouwanttobeseen?As“oneofus”?Asapersoninauthority?Asanobse

rver?…Orwhat?___39___Howeveryoudecidetopresentyourself,itisgoodpracticeofcoursetotrytoputtheintervieweeateasebeforetheinterviewbegins—tot

alkabouttheweather,aboutyourjourney,aboutanythingthatwillbreaktheice.A.Thisisaready-madesupportforyou.B.Itsnatu

revarieswiththenatureoftheinterviews.C.Youwillbeabletohearandunderstandwhattheyaresaying.D.Yourdecisions

houldinfluencethewaythatyoulook,soundandbehave.E.Theinformationmaybefactsoropinionsorattitudesoranycombinationofthese.F.Ea

chinvolvestheinterviewerinfact-to-facecontactortelephonecontactwithanotherperson.G.Youwillbeusingthesecluestomakeinformedgues

sesaboutwhattheintervieweesmightreallymean.【答案】35.E36.F37.A38.C39.D9第三部分书面表达（共两节，32分）第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）阅读下面短文,根据题目要求用英文回答问题。Don’

tputyourelbows(肘)onthetable.Thesoupspoonshouldneverbeputintothemouth.Thesearesomeoftheexamplesoftablemanners.Theyshowth

ewaypeoplebehavewhileeatingameal.Actually,everyfamilyfollowstablemannersinitsownway.Eveninfamilieswherenoonementions

elbows,therearealwaysbehaviourstakingeffectwhensharingmeals.Interestingly,differentcultureshavedifferentthoughtsontablemanners-elbowsonthetable,fore

xample,isveryBritish.Somecountriesthinkburping(打嗝)afteramealisasignthatitwasdelicious.Whileitisimportantt

okeepsilentwhileeating,insomeareasitisactuallyasimportanttokeepupthetraditionofeatingatthetableasafamily,withconversationsandno

mobilephones.Tablemannersmattermuch.Theyareareflectionofyourcharacter.It’saboutrespectforothers.Whenyouarewithothersinasocialsetting,youwanttob

econsideratetothosearoundyou.Tablemannersalsomeanyour“ticket”tosocialsuccess.Goodmannerswillopendoorsth

atthebesteducationcannot.Fewwillwantanill-manneredpersonintheirworkplace,orsocialcircle,andthisisasrelevanttodayasitwashundredsofyearsago.Whileglob

alizationhasledtotheintermixingofcultures,theessenceoftablemannersremains.“Iwasbroughtuptohavetablemanners,”sayscelebratedchefTonyTan,w

hogrewupinMalaysia,eatingIndian,ChineseandMalaycuisineswithchopsticks,hands,spoonandfork.Tan,whowentontotrainasachefinP

arisandLondon,isanexpertinAsiancuisinesfromCantonesetoMalaysian,whichheteachesathisschoolincountryVictoria-buttheetiquette(礼节),particularlyofhisChine

setradition,hasremained.Hesays,“You’vegottoinviteyourelderstostarteating,orsay,‘Wearenoweating’,sotheelderscansay,‘Goahead’.

It’sasignofrespecttotheelderly.Whenpeopledon’tdothatanymore,theylackmannersandtheylackgoodupbringing.”40.Whataretab

lemanners?41.Whyaretablemannersimportant?42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.>TonyTansaysthatitisimp

oliteforyoungergenerationstostarteatingbeforetheeldersdoevenaftertheygetpermissionfromtheelders.43.Apartfromtherulesmentionedinthepassage,whatothe

rtablemannersdoyouhaveinyourhome?（Inabout40words）【答案】40.Tablemannersarethewaypeoplebehavewhileeatingameal.41.Becausetabl

emannerscanreflectpeople’scharacter,suchasbeingrespectfulandconsideratetoothers,andtheycanalsoleadpeopletosoc

ialsuccess.42.TonyTansaysthatitisimpoliteforyoungergenerationstostarteatingbeforetheeldersdoevenafterthegetpermissionfromtheelders.Accordingtothe

passage,iftheirelderssay“Goahead”,youngergenerationscanstarteatingbefore10theeldersdo.Soitisacceptableforthem

tostarteatingwiththepermissionfromtheelderly.43.Inmyhome,whenyouwantsomethingatdinner,don’tpointatitwithyourchopsticks,anddon’tspeaknoi

silyeither.Pleaseuseaspoonforsoup.Whenyoufinishthedinner,andsomeoneisstilleating,don’tleavethetable.第二节

（20分）44.假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的英国好友Jim在你们学校网站上看到了学生参加学农活动的照片，很感兴趣，发来邮件询问。请你给他回复邮件，内容包括：1.学农活动的相关信息（时间、内容……）；2.你参加学农活动的感受。注意：1.词数不少于

50；2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。提示词：学农learnfromfarmersDearJim,________________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

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_______________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua【答案】DearJim,Thankyouforasking.I’mgladtotellyouabo

utthosephotos.LastSaturdayourschoolorganizeda“LearningfromFarmers”activity.MyclassmatesandIwenttoafarminno

rthernBeijing.Wehelpedthefarmerspickapplesthewholeday.IamveryhappybecauseIworkedandhelpedthefarmers.AndIlearnedf

orthefirsttimeofthedifficultygettingfruitsontothekitchentable.Yours,LiHua11获得更多资源请扫码加入享学资源网微信公众号www.x

iangxue100.com