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姓名班级考号密○封○装○订○线密○封○装○订○线密封线内不要答题UNIT4SPACEEXPLORATION全卷满分120分考试用时100分钟第一部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅

读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AAgoodbookaboutspacecaninspireaninterestinexploringtheuniverse.Ifyou'rehopingforaholidaygiftforyourkids,you'reinther

ightplace.MargaretandtheMoonAgerange:4-8InMargaretandtheMoon,DeanRobbinsoutlinesthepioneeringsoftwareengineer'slif

e,fromthebackyardofherchildhoodhome,wheresheputforwardamillionquestionsaboutthenightsky,tothehallway

sofNASA,wheresheledateamfromMITtodeveloptheonboardflightsoftwarethatwouldlandthefirstmenonthemoon.IAmNeilArmstrongAgerange:AllagesInIAmNei

lArmstrong,bestselling(畅销的)authorBradMeltzershowskidshowNeilArmstrongmadeitallthewaytothemoon.MeltzerbeginsthestorywithyoungArmstrongtryingtoclim

btothetopofasilvermapletreeafterfallingandgettingup.Hecontinuedthisspiritthroughouthiscareer(职业).LookIn

sideSpaceAgerange:3andupForparentsofyoungkids,Usborne'sprizewinningLookInsideSpaceisamusttosharethehistoryandtechnologyofspaceexp

lorationwithstarry-eyedkids.Itexploresthehistoryofhumanspaceflightsandthebasicsofstarsandplanets.It'senjoyabletoallspacefans,butisespec

iallygoodforpre-schoolandkindergarten-agekids.MaxGoestotheSpaceStationAgerange:AllagesJeffreyBennett'staleaboutadogcalledMaxandh

isadventurestotheInternationalSpaceStationisn'tonlyanaccuratelookatwhatlifeinspaceislike.Thebookwasactuallysentintospaceandjoinedthestatio

n'slibraryin2014aspartoftheStoryTimefromSpaceproject.Itenablesreaderstolearnallsortsoffunfactsaboutspace.1.What'sthetextmainlyintendedtointroduce?A

.Howtofindholidaygiftsforyourkids.B.Somekids'spacebooksfortheholidays.C.Howtoinspirekids'interestintheuniverse.D.Somebooksaboutth

etheoriesoftheuniverse.2.Whichbookcaninspireasenseofdeterminationinreaders?A.MaxGoestotheSpaceStation.密○封○装○订○线密○

封○装○订○线密封线内不要答题B.MargaretandtheMoon.C.IAmNeilArmstrong.D.LookInsideSpace.3.InwhichaspectisMaxGoestotheSpaceStationdifferentfromt

heotherthreebooks?A.Ithasexperiencedspacetravel.B.Itissuitableforkidsofallages.C.Itisabiography(传记)ofanastronaut.D.Ithaswo

naprizeasabestseller.BThe60-foot-tallrockettookoffinWestTexas,sendingagroupofsixpeopleintospaceandgivingthemafewminuteso

fweightlessnessbeforetheylandedbyparachute(降落伞).Mostofthepassengerspaidasecretsumofmoneyfortheirseats.ButKatyaEchazarreta,anengi

neerandsciencecommunicator,wasselectedbyanonprofitorganizationtojoininthistravelfromapoolofthousandso

fapplicants(申请人).Theorganization'sgoalistosendgreatleadersintospaceandallowthemtoexperiencetheovervieweffect,whichwasreportedbyastronautswh

osaidthatviewingtheEarthfromspacegavethemagreatchangeintheirview.“Lookingdown,youseeeveryoneisdownthere,allofourpast,allofourdifficulties,everyth

ing—everythingisthere,”Echazarretasaid.“WhenIcamebackdown,itjustcompletelystrengthenedmywishtocontinueenablingpeopleofdifferentb

ackgroundstogointospaceanddowhatevertheywant.”EchazarretaisthefirstMexican-bornwomantotravelintospace.S

hemovedtotheUnitedStateswithherfamilyattheageofseven.Sherecalled(回忆起)thatshefeltuncertaininanewplacewhereshedidn'tspeakthel

anguageandthatateacherwarnedherthatshemighthavetorepeatagrade.“Itjustreallyfueledmeandafterthat,Ijuststu

diedharder,”Echazarretasaid.Latershebecamethemainbreadwinnerinherfamily.Sometimesshehaduptofourjobsatthesametime,justtotrytosuccessfullygraduate

fromcollege.SheworkedinNASAbeforeanddidn'tseeotherfemaleengineerslikeher,whichinspiredhertopopularizescienceamongthepu

blic.Thesedays,Echazarretaisstudyingforhermaster'sdegreeinengineeringatJohnsHopkinsUniversity.Shealsohasmorethan330,000fansonTikTok,

andhostsascience-focusedYouTubeseries.4.WhywasEchazarretachosentotravelintospace?A.Shemadegreateffortsto

setupanonprofitorganization.B.Shesupportedtheprojectwithabigsumofmoney.C.Shewasconsideredtobeanexcellentwoman.D.Shewasanexpertinspace

science.5.WhatwasinEchazarreta'smindaftershereturnedfromspacetravel?A.Tomakewomenscientistsknowntothepublic.姓名班级考号密○封○装○订○线密○封○装○订○线密

封线内不要答题B.Tosharethebeautyofspaceonsocialmedia.C.Toencouragethepublictolearnscience.D.Tohelpmorepeopletravelintospace.6.Whic

hofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“fueled”inParagraph4?A.Beat.B.Drove.C.Confused.D.Attracted.7

.WhatkindofpersonisprobablyEchazarreta?A.Inspiringandhardworking.B.Humorousandoutgoing.C.Talentedandcreati

ve.D.Calmandconfident.CAh,thegraduationday.Familyparties.Studentawards.Excitedparentsbusytakingphotos.Limo(豪华轿车)ridestotheceremony.Allincelebra

tionofyearsofhardworkandtheexcitingthingstocomeafterprimaryschool.Wait,what?Yes,primaryschoolgraduat

ionceremoniesarebecomingmorepopularthanever.Andatmyschool,thesixthgradegraduationisaseriousbusiness.Afewweeksbeforethesixthgradegraduation,Irec

eivedaspecialemailfromaparent.“Iwouldliketoknowifmyboyisgoingtobetheonlykidnotreceivinganawardonthegraduationday,becauseIamgoing

tosavehimfromtheembarrassmentandfavoritismthathavebeenshownallyearandwillnothavehimatthegraduation.”Awardsarepartoftheend-of-yearexci

tementatmyschoolandthehardestthingIhavetodealwithallyear.Pickingfiveoutoffourteenstudentstobecalledbeforethewholeschoolseemsl

ikeaheartbreakfortheothernine.Someoneisalwaysgoingtobeleftoutandclearly,theparentsfeelthepressure.Ichosenottoanswertheemail,knowingtheemai

lwassentunderpressure.Theboyinquestionwouldreceiveanaward,notbecauseofhismother'semail,butbecauseofhisgreatachievement.Onthedayoftheceremony,thatboy

andfourotherswereawardedandtheyposed(摆好姿势)foragroupphotographinnewformalclothes.Isentmycongratulationstoallthestudents—without

consideringtheirachievements—onhavinganexcellentyearandwishedthemwellattheirnewschools.Butasanotheryear'sgraduationiscomingsoon,I'mleftfeelingunea

sy.Nottotakeawayanythingfrommypresentclassofwonderfulstudentsastheypreparetoheadouttonewschools,Ibel

ievethatsuchceremoniesshouldbeheldattheendofhighschoolandcollege.Isittoomuchortoosoontocelebrateourchildrena

ndtheirachievements?8.Whatisthepurposeofthefirstparagraph?A.Toattractreaderswithinterestingfacts.B.Togive

thecausesofaproblem.密○封○装○订○线密○封○装○订○线密封线内不要答题C.Toexpressthemainideaofthetext.D.Toshowtheimportanceofthetopic.9.Whydidthe

parentsendtheauthortheemail?A.Toaskhimtogivehersonanaward.B.Tocomplainabouthowhersonhadbeentreated.C.Toaskforsomeinformationaboutthegraduationd

ay.D.Toreportherson'spossibleabsencefromthegraduation.10.What'sthemostdifficultthingaboutthegraduationceremonyintheauthor'sm

ind?A.Dealingwithemailsfromparents.B.Sayinggoodbyetohisstudents.C.Decidingwhowillreceiveawards.D.Freeinghisstude

ntsfrompressure.11.What'stheauthor'sattitudetowardsthegraduationceremony?A.Itisawasteofmoney.B.Itisonlymeaningfulforcollegegraduates.C.Itisnotprop

erforprimaryschoolgraduates.D.Itisnotagoodwaytocelebratestudents'achievements.DAdemonstrationmissiontotestanideatocleanupspacedebriswaslaunchedonMon

daymorninglocaltimefromtheBaikonurCosmodromeinKazakhstan.KnownasELSA-d,themissionwillexhibittechnologythatcouldhelpcapturespacejunk,themillionsofpie

cesoforbitaldebristhatfloataboveEarth.Themorethan8,000metrictonsofdebristhreatenthelossofserviceswerelyonforEarth-boundlife.The

spacecraftworksbyattemptingtoattachitselftodeadsatellitesandpushingthemtowardEarthtoburnupintheatmosphere.ELSA-d,whichstands

forEnd-of-LifeServicesbyAstroscale,willbecarriedoutbya“servicersatellite”anda“clientsatellite”launchedtogether,accordingtoAstroscale,theJapan-based

companybehindthemission.Usingthemagneticdockingtechnology,theservicersatellitewillreleaseandtryto“date”withtheclientsatellite,whichwillactasamode

lpieceofspacejunk.Themission,whichwillberunfromtheU.K.,willcarryoutthiscatchandreleaseprocessrepeatedlyoverthecourseofsixmont

hs.Thegoalistoprovetheservicersatellite'sabilitytotrackdownanddockwithitstargetinvaryinglevelsofcomp

lexity.Thespacecraftisnotdesignedtocapturedeadsatellitesalreadyinorbit,butratherfuturesatellitesthatwillbelaunchedwithc

ompatibledockingplatesonthem.AccordingtoNASA,cleaningupspaceandaddressingtherisksassociatedwithdebrisdependonpreventingt

heaccumulationofmorewasteandactivelyremovingit.姓名班级考号密○封○装○订○线密○封○装○订○线密封线内不要答题Thedevelopmentofothercleanuptechnologieshasbeenunderwayforyears.In20

18,adevicecalledRemoveDebrissuccessfullycastanetaroundamodelsatellite.TheEuropeanSpaceAgencyalsoplanstosendaself-destructingrobotintoor

bitin2025,whichtheorganization'sformerdirectorgeneralhasreferredtoasaspace“vacuumcleaner”.Theseeffortscouldproveincreasinglyimportantasprivatespacev

entureslikeSpaceXcontinuetofilllowEarthorbitwitha“mega-constellation”ofsatellites.12.Whatdoweknowaboutspacejunk?A.Ithasapotentialeffectonour

dailylife.B.Itcirclestheearthalongsidesatellites.C.Itiswhatastronautsdesertinouterspace.D.Ithasbeencleanedupseveraltimessofar.13.

WhatdoestheauthortellusaboutELSA-dinParagraph4?A.Itsachievementsinspace.B.Itstheoreticalprinciple.C.Itstwonews

atellites.D.Itsspacemissioninorbit.14.What'sthepurposeofdesigningthespacecraft?A.Toremoveexistingspac

ejunkinorbit.B.Totestthemagneticdockingtechnology.C.Tosendastronautsintospace.D.Tocapturesatellitestobelaunched.15.Whatcanbeasuitableti

tleforthetext?A.ELSA-d'sexperimentalprocess.B.Deadsatellitesfloatinginorbit.C.Newefforttocleanupspacejunk.D.Theapplicationofthemagneticdockingt

echnology.第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowiseatinginspacedifferentfromeatingonEarth?

Ifyousendastronautsintospace,youhavetosendfoodaswell.Butwhatdoastronautseat,andhowdotheyeatit?Scientiststakeseveralfactorsin

toconsiderationastheyplanmealsforspace.First,nutrition(营养)ispossiblythemostimportant.16Providingjunkfoodtoeat,suchaspota

tochips,sodas,andpizza,wouldmaketheastronautsunhealthy.17Ifthefoodthathasbeenprovidedisdistasteful,thentheastronaut

smayavoideatingit.Ifyou'veevertriedtoconcentrateonsomethingimportantwhileyourstomachdoesn'tfeelwell,you'll

knowwhythescientistsinchargeofaspacemissionwanttheirastronautstoeatregularly.密○封○装○订○线密○封○装○订○线密封线内不要答题Thelac

kofgravityinaspacecraftalsodetermineswhatfoodcanorcannotbeeateninspace.Mealsmustbepackagedcarefullysotheywon'tspillintothecab

in(oneoftheareasinsideaspacecraft).Waterortinybitsoffoodcouldgetinsideamachineorelectronicdeviceanddamageit.18Al

ooseknifebouncing(弹起)aroundinsidethecabinwouldbedangerous.19Theweightofeveryobjectincludedinaspacecraftmustbecalculated(

计算)inordertoensurethatthereisenoughfuelandpowertocarrythecraftsafelyintospaceandbackhomeagain.20Mostfoodisstore

dinplasticbags,andoften,thefoodisdehydrated(使脱水).Whenanastronautisreadytoeat,hotwaterisaddedtothemealandwarmitup.Despitealltheserequirements

,muchofthefoodeateninspaceisactuallysimilartowhatyoumighteatonanygivenday.A.Tasteisalsoimportant.B.Finally,weightisanimportan

tconcern.C.Foodpackagingismadetobeaslightaspossible.D.Believeitornot,theyalsohavefreshfruitandvegetables.E.Nutritionandpracticalityareimp

ortantthingstoconsider.F.Forthesamereason,sharpknivesandfolksareneverusedonboard.G.Keepingastronauts'physicalhe

althisatoptaskforanyspacemission.16.17.18.19.20.第二部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

WhentheApolloastronautslandedontheMoonin1969,millionsofpeoplewererathersad.Thepersonto21forthiswasanartistnamedChesley

Bonestell.Formanyyears,Bonestellhadbeencreating22detailedpaintingsoftheMoonandplanets.Viewersofhisartworkswereunhappy23therealMoondidnotlooklikeBon

estell'spicturesofit.Asaspaceartist,BonestelltriedtomakehisdrawingslookexcitingandastrueastheMoonis.Hewor

kedcloselywith24andscientiststogetthemostup-to-datescientificinformationavailable.Butinthe1940sand1950s,noo

nehad25anotherplanetupclose.YetBonestell'spaintingslookedsorealthatsomepeoplethoughttheywere26.Eventhoug

hBonestellwasinterestedinastronomy,hedidnot27hiscareerasaspaceartist.Asayoungmanhestudiedarchitecture—theartof28andmakingbuildings.In1938Bo

nestellbecameaspecialeffectsartistinHollywood.Itwasthere29helearnedhecouldimprovehispaintingsbyfollowingthemethodsusedi

nthe30.In1944,apopularmagazinepublishedaseriesofBonestell'spaintingsoftheplanetSaturn(土星).HedrewSaturnasifitwereseenbysomeonestandin

goneachoftheplanet'smoons.Theeffectswere31.Withinafewyears,Bonestell's姓名班级考号密○封○装○订○线密○封○装○订○线密封线内不要答题artworkswereappearingregul

arlyinmagazinesandbooks32astronomyandspaceflights.ManyofBonestell'sartworkshadbeenrightallalong.33thebiggestsurprisewastheMoon.Someo

neaskedBonestellwhathewasthinkingwhenhesawthefirstpicturesoftheMoon.“Ithoughthow34Iwas!”hesaid.“Mymountainsweresharp(尖的),buttheyaren'tonth

eMoon.”Butheshouldn'thavefeltbad.Nospaceartisthadeverbeforetakensomanypeopletosomanyfarawayworlds.In

theyearsjustbeforethefirstmannedspaceflight,Bonestell'sartworkspreparedpeoplefortheamazingspaceadventureto35

.21.A.applyB.seekC.blameD.agree22.A.beautifullyB.mentallyC.falselyD.completely23.A.becauseB.thoughC.ifD.provided24.A.architec

tsB.astronautsC.analystsD.astronomers25.A.desiredB.seenC.reachedD.drawn26.A.profilesB.photographsC.postersD

.patents27.A.takeonB.takeinC.takeupD.takeoff28.A.drawingB.analysingC.photographingD.designing29.A.whereB.whichC.thatD.why30.A.magazinesB.

moviesC.advertisementsD.media31.A.impressiveB.disappointingC.scaryD.interesting32.A.inB.ofC.atD.on33.A.StillB.AndC.ButD.Even34.A.ri

ghtB.wrongC.thrilledD.successful35.A.argueB.comeC.thinkD.disappear第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TheShenzhouⅩⅤ36(astron

aut)enteredChinaSpaceStationonWednesdaymorningandthey37(give)warmhugsbytheShenzhou􀃽astronautsalreadycirclingfornearlysixmonths.Afterabouttwo

hoursofpreparatoryworkfollowingtheconnectionoftheShenzhouⅩⅤspaceshipwithChinaSpaceStation,FeiJunlong,theShenzhouⅩⅤleader,38(open)thedoorof

hisspaceshipandfloatedintothestation.HewaswelcomedbyChenDong,leaderoftheShenzhou􀃽,39hadbeenwaitinginsidethestationforawhile.Thetwole

adershuggedeachotherwithChen40(say),“Welcome!Let'shug.”密○封○装○订○线密○封○装○订○线密封线内不要答题AndthenChentoldFei,“Therearetwomorepeople

waitingforyou”,referringtoLiuYangandCaiXuzhethat41(be)insidethestation'sWentianlabmodule.Inthefollowingminutes,

DengQingmingandZhangLumovedintothestationone42oneandtheywerealsogreetedbyChen.TheShenzhouⅩⅤastronautsthenenteredtheWentian

labmoduleandhuggedLiuandCai43(excited).Theychattedforawhile44thentookagroupselfie(自拍)totheclappingfromgroundcontrollers.45(they)meeting

markedthefirsttimethatasmanyassixChineseastronautsweretravellinginspaceatthesametime.Earlier,therehadbeenatmostthre

eChineseastronautsinspaceatatime.TheentireprocesswasbroadcastliveonChinaCentralTelevision.36.37.38.39.40.41.42.43.44

.45.第三部分写作(共两节,满分40分)第一节(满分15分)假设你是李华。你班最近一次班会的主题是“太空探索的意义”。请你结合下表内容,用英语给《21世纪学生英文报》投稿,介绍你们讨论的情况并发表你的观点。一些同学赞同一些同学反对你

的观点1.获得新知识;1.耗资巨大;……2.给人类带来更大的生存空间。2.宇航员的安全问题。注意:1.词数80左右;2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。第二节(满分25分)阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。Asayoungb

oy,Iwasalwaysatroublemakeranduptonogood.Ilikedplayingtricksandenjoyedtreatinganimalsinanunfriendlyway,likerunningaftercatscrazily,makingthem

scaredatthesightofme.Besides,Ioftenusedahandmadecatapult(弹弓)toshootatbirdsinthetrees.Allthisnotonlyaffordedm

eindescribablepleasurebutalsogotmeunkindstaresandblamefrompeoplearoundme.Myparentsdisapprovedofmybehaviorandwereconstantlycriticizi

ngmeforthetricksIplayed.Iwasevengivenagoodbeatingbymyfatherfromtimetotime.Nevertheless,Iignoredtheirwarningsanddidnotcorrectmywaysuntilanin

cidentoccurred.姓名班级考号密○封○装○订○线密○封○装○订○线密封线内不要答题Onesummer'snoonwhenIwaseight,Iwasaloneathomeandjustfinishedlunch.Feelingv

eryhotandbored,Idecidedtohangaroundtheneighborhood,holdingmytrustycatapult.Soon,IcametoMrSmith'shouse.Hispetdog,bigands

trong,wastiedtoapostoutsidehishouse,lyingintheshadelazily.Lookingaround,Ifoundthatnoonewasinsight.Idecidedtomakegooduse

ofmycatapulttoplaytricksonthemassivedog.Pickingupafewsmallstonesfromtheground,Iaimedatthedogandfiredthem

onebyone.Severalstoneshitthepoordoganditbegantobark(吠)loudlyinpainandjumpupanddown.ButIfeltsofunthatIdidn'tstopdoingso.Eventually,thedog'sange

rwasfueledanditbarkedwildlyatmewhilestrugglingtobreakawayfromtherope.Notrealizinganythingwrongwithmycrazybehavior,Iwasjustlaughinghappily

.Suddenly,theropethattiedthedogloosenedandthebigdoggotfreefromitsbonds.Innotime,withafewpowerfulstepsthedogwason

me.Itssharpteethsankintomyleg.Iscreamedwithpainandfrightandfelltotheground,shoutingforhelp.注意:续写词数应为150左右。Paragraph1:Luck

ily,mymiserableshoutscaughtMrSmith'sattention.Paragraph2:HiswordsleftmeashamedandIdecidedtomakeachange.密○封○装○订○线密○封○装○订○线密封线内不要答题

答案与解析UNIT4SPACEEXPLORATION1.B2.C3.A4.C5.D6.B7.A8.A9.B10.C11.C12.A13.B14.D15.C16.G17.A18.F19.B20.C21.C22.A

23.A24.D25.B26.B27.C28.D29.C30.B31.A32.D33.C34.B35.B36.astronauts37.weregiven38.opened39.who40.saying41.w

ere42.by43.excitedly44.and45.Their第一部分阅读第一节A◎语篇解读本文是一篇应用文,介绍了四本适合孩子在假期阅读的有关太空的书。1.B主旨大意题。根据第一段可知,本文介绍四本适合孩子在假期阅读的有关太空的书,故选B。

2.C细节理解题。根据IAmNeilArmstrong部分中的“youngArmstrong...continuedthisspiritthroughouthiscareer(职业)”可知,IAmNeilArmstrong

这本书展示了主人公的坚定意志,可以激发读者的决心,故选C。3.A细节理解题。根据MaxGoestotheSpaceStation部分中的“Thebookwasactuallysentintospace...”可知,这本书的与众不同之处在于它经历过太空旅行,故选A。B◎语篇

解读本文是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述了KatyaEchazarreta作为优秀代表被选中去太空,返回地球后她开始致力于推广这一事业,希望更多的人能体验去太空。4.C推理判断题。根据第二段中的“ButKatyaEchazarreta...wassele

ctedbyanonprofitorganization...Theorganization'sgoalistosendgreatleadersintospace”可知,KatyaEchazarreta被

一个非营利的组织选中去太空,这个组织的目的是将伟大的领导者送入太空,由此可推断出KatyaEchazarreta很优秀。故选C。5.D细节理解题。根据第三段中的“WhenIcamebackdown...strengthenedmywisht

ocontinueenablingpeople...togointospace”可知,从太空回来之后,Echazarreta想帮助更多的人进入太空。故选D。6.B词义猜测题。根据下文“andafterthat,Ijuststudiedharder”可知,那件事激励了

她。故选B。7.A推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句“Sometimesshehaduptofourjobs...successfullygraduatefromcollege.”可知,有时她同时有多达四份工作,只是

为了成功地从大学毕业,从这里我们可以看出她很努力;从第四段她遇到的困难到最后一段中讲到的她取得的成就,我们可以看出她很鼓舞人心。故选A。姓名班级考号密○封○装○订○线密○封○装○订○线密封线内不要答题C◎语篇解读本文是一篇议论文。现在小学毕业典礼变

得越来越普遍,也非常隆重,作者对此发表了自己的看法。8.A推理判断题。文章第一段列举了毕业典礼上的一些场景和活动,用一个个短语式的句子描绘了生动有趣的画面,以此来引出文章的话题,引起读者的阅读兴趣。故选A“用有趣的事实来吸引读者”。9.B推理

判断题。根据第四段中的“Iamgoingtosavehimfromtheembarrassmentandfavoritismthathavebeenshownallyearandwillnothavehim

atthegraduation.”可知,这位发邮件的家长认为自己的孩子在学校遭受了不好的对待,并声称将不让孩子参加毕业典礼。由此可推断她发邮件是为了表达不满。故选B。10.C细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Awardsarepartoftheend-

of-yearexcitementatmyschoolandthehardestthingIhavetodealwithallyear.”可知,作者认为关于毕业典礼最难的事情是决定班里哪些学生获奖。故选C。11.C推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“...Ibelievethatsuchcer

emoniesshouldbeheldattheendofhighschoolandcollege.Isittoomuchortoosoontocelebrateourchildrenandtheirachievements?”可知,作者认为隆重的毕业典礼应该在高中毕业和大学毕

业时举行,对于小学毕业生来说太早也太出格。由此可推断作者认为毕业典礼不适合小学毕业生。故选C。D◎语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了名为ELSA-d的任务,这项任务将展示能够帮助捕获太空垃圾的技术。12.A细节理解题。根据第二

段“Themorethan8,000metrictonsofdebristhreatenthelossofserviceswerelyonforEarth-boundlife.”可知,太空垃圾有可能影响到我们的日常生活。故选A。13.B推理判断题。根据

第四段“ELSA-d...willbecarriedoutbya‘servicersatellite’anda‘clientsatellite’...Usingthemagneticdockingtechnology,theservicersatellitewillre

leaseandtryto‘date’withtheclientsatellite,whichwillactasamodelpieceofspacejunk.”可知,这是在介绍ELSA-d的理论原则。故选B。14

.D细节理解题。根据第六段“Thespacecraftisnotdesignedtocapturedeadsatellitesalreadyinorbit,butratherfuturesatellitesthatwillbelaunchedwi

thcompatibledockingplatesonthem.”可知,设计这个航天器的目的是捕获要发射的卫星。故选D。15.C主旨大意题。第一段点明ELSA-d任务将展示能够帮助捕获太空垃圾的技术,后面介绍了太空垃圾的不良影响、这一任务具体的操作过程以及

其他清理技术的发展。由此可知,C项“清理太空垃圾的新努力”适合作文章标题。故选C。第二节◎语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家为宇航员规划在太空中吃的饭时需要考虑的几个因素。16.G上文“First,nutrition(营养)ispossiblythemostimportant

.”是本段的主旨句,说明了营养是科学家在规划宇航员用餐时需要重点考虑的因素;下文密○封○装○订○线密○封○装○订○线密封线内不要答题“Providingjunkfood...theastronautsunhealthy.”说明了垃圾食品会使宇航员不健

康;G选项“保持宇航员的身体健康是任何一次太空任务的首要任务”与本段主旨一致,且与后文形成对比关系,其中的“health”与后文的“unhealthy”相对应,符合题意。故选G项。17.A设空处为本段主旨句,后文“Ifthefood

thathasbeenprovidedisdistasteful,thentheastronautsmayavoideatingit.”说明了食物味道的重要性;A选项“味道也很重要”符合题意,其中的“Taste”与后文的“distasteful”相对应

。故选A项。18.F前文谈到水或者小块的食物可能会进入机器或电子设备进而产生破坏;下文谈到一把松脱的刀在舱内到处弹是很危险的;F选项“同样的原因,锋利的刀叉从来不会在宇宙飞船上被使用”符合题意,其中的“knives”与下文的“knife”一致,故选F项。

19.B后文“Theweightofeveryobject...backhomeagain.”说明了重量也是宇航员饮食中要考虑的因素;B选项“最后,重量是一个重要的问题”与后文内容一致,且“Finally”与前文的“First”“also”呼应。故选B项。20.C后文“

Mostfoodisstoredinplasticbags...warmitup.”说明了宇航员食物的包装和食用方式;C选项“食品包装要尽可能做轻”中的“packaging”与后文的“storedinplasticbags”相对应,故选C项。

第二部分语言运用第一节◎语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了太空美术大师切斯利·博内斯特尔在载人宇宙飞船探索太空之前,用自己的画作让人们提前对太空有所了解,并让人们对之后的太空探索有所准备。21.CA.申请;B.寻求;C.把……归咎

于,责怪;D.同意。根据上文“millionsofpeoplewererathersad”可知,数百万人感到相当悲伤,此事应归咎于切斯利·博内斯特尔。betoblame表示“负有责任”,这里作后置定语,故选C项。22.AA.漂亮地;B.精神上;C.错误地;D.完全地。根据

下文“BonestelltriedtomakehisdrawingslookexcitingandastrueastheMoonis”可知,博内斯特尔为月球和行星创作的画是精美的。故选A项。23.A根据下文“th

erealMoondidnotlooklikeBonestell'spicturesofit”可知,观看作品的人不高兴是因为真正的月球和博内斯特尔的画作不像,这里是因果关系,应用连词because。24.DA.建筑师;B.宇航员;C.分析者;D.天文学家

。根据下文“getthemostup-to-datescientificinformationavailable.Butinthe1940sand1950s,noonehad25anotherplanetupclose.”可知,博内斯特尔与天文学家和科学家紧密合作,

获得最新的科学信息。故选D项。25.B句意:但在20世纪40年代和50年代,没有人近距离看到过另一颗行星。A.渴望;B.看到;C.到达;D.画。根据语境可知选B项。26.BA.简介;B.照片;C.海报;D.专利。根据上文“YetBonestell'spaintingsloo

kedsoreal”可知,博内斯特尔的画非常真实,有些人认为它们是照片。故选B项。姓名班级考号密○封○装○订○线密○封○装○订○线密封线内不要答题27.CA.承担;B.吸收;C.开始从事;D.起飞。根据

上文的Eventhough体现的让步关系可知,此处表示尽管博内斯特尔对天文学感兴趣,但他并没有将太空美术家作为职业。故选C项。28.DA.画;B.分析;C.拍摄;D.设计。根据语境以及常识可知,建筑学是设计和建造建筑的

艺术。故选D项。29.C句意:正是在那里他学会了通过遵循电影中使用的方法来改进自己的绘画。分析句子结构可知,这里为强调句型“Itis/was+被强调部分+that/who+其他部分.”,强调的是地点状语there,故设空处应用that。故选C项。30.BA.杂志;B.电影;C.广告;

D.媒体。根据上文“In1938BonestellbecameaspecialeffectsartistinHollywood.”以及常识可知,博内斯特尔在好莱坞学会了使用电影中的方法来改进自己的绘画。故选B项。31.AA.令人印象深刻的;B.令人失望的;C.可怕的;D.有趣的。根据上文

“HedrewSaturnasifitwereseenbysomeonestandingoneachoftheplanet'smoons.”可知,他的画栩栩如生,效果是令人印象深刻的。故选A项。32.D根据下文“astrono

myandspaceflights”可知,此处表示关于天文学和太空飞行的杂志和书籍。故选D项。33.C根据语境可知,空格前后是转折关系,应用连词but表示“但是”。故选C项。34.BA.正确的;B.错误的;C.激动的;D.成功的。根据下文“M

ymountainsweresharp,buttheyaren'tontheMoon.”可知,此处表示博内斯特尔认为自己是错误的。故选B项。35.B句意:在第一次载人太空飞行之前的那些年里,博内斯特尔的艺术作品让人们为即将到来的惊人的太空探险做好了准备。A.争论;B.来;C.想;D.消失

。由“beforethefirstmannedspaceflight”可知,这里指“即将到来的太空探险”。故选B项。第二节◎语篇解读本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了神舟十五号和神舟十四号航天员乘组实现“太空会师”的场景。36

.astronauts考查名词复数。astronaut意为“航天员”,为可数名词,根据常识以及下文中的they可知此处应用复数名词。故填astronauts。37.weregiven考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子成分可知,设空处作谓语,此处陈述过去的事情,应用一般过去时,且主语

they(神舟十五号的航天员)和give之间是被动关系,应用被动语态,主语是第三人称复数,谓语也应用复数,故填weregiven。38.opened考查动词的时态。分析句子成分可知,设空处在句中作谓语,此处陈述的是过去的事情,应用一般过去时

。故填opened。39.who考查定语从句。设空处无提示词且前面有逗号,“hadbeenwaitinginsidethestationforawhile”中缺少主语,结合句意可推测设空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为ChenDo

ng,指人。故填who。40.saying考查现在分词。此处是with的复合结构,Chen和say之间为主动关系,应用现在分词。故填saying。密○封○装○订○线密○封○装○订○线密封线内不要答题41.we

re考查动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句子成分可知,设空处前面的that引导定语从句,设空处在从句中作系动词,此处描述的是过去的事情,应用一般过去时,该定语从句的先行词为LiuYangandCaiXuzhe,关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语,故系动词应用复数形式。故填were。42.by考

查固定短语。onebyone意为“一个接一个”。故填by。43.excitedly考查副词。设空处修饰谓语动词hugged,应用副词。故填excitedly。44.and考查并列连词。句意:他们聊了一会儿,然后在地面控制人员的掌声中自拍了一张合照。

“聊天”和“自拍了一张合照”是两个连续的动作,应用and连接。故填and。45.Their考查代词。此处指他们的会面,应用形容词性物主代词,位于句首,注意首字母要大写,故填Their。第三部分写作第一节Onepossibleversion:Outerspaceex

ploration,yesorno?Wehadanargumentoverwhetheritisnecessarytocarryoutouterspaceexplorationataclassmeetingtheotherday.Someofusfeelitimportant

toexploreouterspace.Firstly,peoplecangetabetterunderstandingofouterspacethroughspaceexploration.Secon

dly,spaceexplorationcanpossiblybringnewlivingspaceforhumans.However,othersthinkverydifferently.Theythinkthiskindofexplorationi

smuchtoocostly.Besides,itisverydangerousforastronautstodosuchwork.Inmyopinion,peopleshoulddosomepioneeringresearchandthereforesuchexplorationofout

erspaceisworthtrying.第二节Onepossibleversion:Paragraph1:Luckily,mymiserableshoutscaughtMrSmith'sattention.Hedashedoutofthehouseandfreedthedog

'steethfrommyleg.Havingcagedthedog,MrSmithrushedmetotheclinic,wherethedoctorgavemeaninjectionanddressedthew

oundcarefully.Onthewaybackhome,ItearfullytoldMrSmiththewholestory.Notcriticizingme,helookedmeintheeyeandsaidlovingly,“Animalsareourfriendsthatne

edourcareandloveandwilltreatuswelliftreatedwell.”Paragraph2:HiswordsleftmeashamedandIdecidedtomakeachange.Insteadofplay

ingtricksonhelplessanimals,IdidwhatIcouldtotakecareofthem.Withmyfather'shelp,Ibecameavolunteerinourlocalanimalshelter,feedingorwalkinganimal

s.Ievensetasidemypocketmoneytocontributetocharitywhichhelpssavehomelessanimals.Onceatroublemaker,lateracaregiver,Igradua

llywonpeople'spraiseandrespectIhadn'texperiencedbefore.Mostimportantly,neverdidIfeelsorewardedandhonoredforwhatIdidforanimals.