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考点15--词义猜测之猜测单词的意思--练模拟--熟能生巧1.【2022届江西省萍乡市高三第一次质量检测】FouTs'ong,aChinese-bornpianistknownforhissensitiveinterp

retationsofChopin,DebussyandMozart.diedonMondayatahospitalinLondon,wherehehadlivedformanyyears.Hewas

86.Aloverofclassicalmusicfromayoungage,Mr.Foubegantakingpianolessonswhenhewas7.Mr.Foumadehisfirststageappearancein1952.Theconcertcaughttheatten

tionofofficialsinBeijing,whoselectedhimtocompeteandtourinEasternEurope.Mr.FousoonmovedtoPoland,wherehestudiedattheWarsawConservatory(音乐学

校)onascholarship.ToprepareforthefifthChopinCompetitioninWarsawin1955.hepracticedsodiligentlythathehur

thisfingersandwasnearlycutfromthefirstroundofthecompetition.Mr.FouwasoneofthefirstChinesepianiststoachieveglobalpromi

nencewhenhetookthethirdplaceintheInternationalChopinPianoCompetitioninWarsawin1955.HealsowonaspecialprizeforhisperformanceofChopin'smazu

rkas(马祖卜舞曲).Almostovernight,hebecameanationalhero.ToChina,Mr.Fou'srecognitioninawell-knowninternationalcompetitionwasproofthatthecountrycouldstan

donitsownartisticallyintheWest.ChinesereportersflockedtointerviewMr.Fou,whilemanyotherssoughtouthisfather,FuLei,foradviceonchild-rearing.In1981,avo

lumeofletterswrittenbyhisfather,primarilytoMr.Fou,waspublishedinChina.Fullofadvice,encouragement,lifeteachingsandstrictpater

nallove,thebookFuLei'sFamily,Lettersbecameabest-sellerinChina.BesidesinfluencingagenerationofChinese,Mr.Fu'swords

resonated(共鸣)longafterhisdeathwiththepersonforwhomtheywereintended."Myfatherhadasayingthat'Firstyoumustbeaperson,thenanartist,andthenamusician,andon

lythencanyoubeapianist.'"Mr.Fouoncerecalledinaninterview."Evennow,Ibelieveinthisorder-thatitshouldbet

hiswayandthatIamthisway."4．WhatcanbelearnedfromParagraph2?A．FouTs'ongcompetedandtouredinBeijing.B．FouTs'ongfirstperfo

rmedonthestageat7.C．FouTs'ongmadegreateffortsforcompetitions.D．FouTs'ongstartedlearningmusicinEasternEurope.5．WhydoesFouTs'on

g'sglobalrecognitionmeanalottoChina?A．ItearnsChineseartaplaceintheWest.B．ItpromotesthespreadofChineseculture.C．ItprovesChinesepeople'stalentf

ormusic.D．ItenablesChinesearteducationtoberecognized.6．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"they"inParagraph4referto?A．Mr.Fu

'swords.B．YoungChinese.C．FouTs'ongandhisfamily.D．ReadersofFuLei'sFamilyLetters.7．WhichofthefollowingagreeswithFuLei'sideasinthelastparagra

ph?A．Pursuingartisalongandpainfulprocess.B．Itrequiresvariousqualitiestobeapianist.C．Everyoneshoulddevelopaninterestinart.D．Talentisofthegrea

testimportanceforapianist.【答案】4．C5．A6．A7．B【解析】本文是一篇人物传记。文章介绍中国出生的钢琴家傅聪。他以其对肖邦、德彪西和莫扎特的敏感诠释而闻名，他的国际知名度为中国艺术在西方赢得了一席之地。4

．推理判断题。根据第二段的最后一句话“ToprepareforthefifthChopinCompetitioninWarsawin1955,hepracticedsodiligentlythathehurthisfingersandwasnear

lycutfromthefirstroundofthecompetition，”（为了准备1955年在华沙举行的第五届肖邦比赛，他刻苦练习，结果在第一轮比赛中伤了手指，差点被切伤。）可知，傅聪先生为了比赛付出了很多。故选C。5．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“ToCh

ina，Mr.Fou'srecognitioninawell-knowninternationalcompetitionwasproofthatthecountrycouldstandonitsownartisticallyintheWest.”（对中国来说，傅聪在著名的国际比赛中获得的认

可证明了中国能够在西方艺术上自立门户。）可知，傅聪的国际知名度为中国艺术在西方赢得了一席之地。故选A。6．词义猜测题。根据第四段中的“BesidesinfluencingagenerationofChinese,Mr.Fu'swordsresonated（共鸣）longaf

terhisdeathwiththepersonforwhomtheywereintended.(此外，傅聪不仅影响了一代中国人，而且在他去世后很长一段时间里，他的遗言还能对听到这些话的人产生共鸣。)”可以看出，they指代上文提到的Mr.Fu'sword

s，说明除了影响了一代中国人外，傅聪先生的话在他去世后依然能够让听到这些话的人产生共鸣。由此推知，they这个词指的是hiswords。故选A。7．推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Myfatherhadasayi

ngthat'Firstyoumustbeaperson,thenanartist,andthenamusician,andonlythencanyoubeapianist.”可知，傅雷先生教儿子傅聪要先成为人，再成为艺术家，再成为音乐家，最后才

能成为钢琴家。这表明，傅雷先生认为成为一名钢琴家，身上要具备很多的品质。故选B。2.【2023届河北省五个一名校联盟高三年级摸底】Scientiststodayareconcernedaboutthegrowingnumberofspeciesintheworldthatmayso

onbecomeextinct.TheUnitedNations,alongwithmanygovernments,aretryingtosavetheseendangeredspecies.Tohelpresolveth

isissue,scientistshavebeentryingtolearnwhyspeciesbecomeendangered.IntheUnitedStates,lossofhabitatsisthemainreasonforspeciesbecominge

ndangered.Aspopulationsgrowandcitiesortownsexpand,natureisdestroyedandtheecosystemisaffected.Evensmal

lchangesinonepartofanecosystemcanhaveabigimpactonanotherpartofit.Forexample,deforestationmayresultinachangeingroundtemperature,whichmaykilloffacer

tainkindofplantintheforest.Animalsthateatthisplantmaysuddenlyfindthatthereisnoavailablefoodsotheystarvetodeath.Anotherpossiblecauseofenda

ngeredorextinctspeciesisclimatechangeandrisingsealevels.AstheEarthgetswarmer,thishasprofoundeffectsonanimalandplantlifeeverywhere.Forexample,ri

singsealevelsmakecoastalareasunfitforbirdstolivein.Warmertemperaturesmelttheicewherepolarbearslive,wreckingtheirhabitatandmakingitharderforthem

tofindfood.Therisingseasalsomakeitharderforpolarbearstoswimfromthecoldwaterstofrozenpacksoficesomanyofthemdrown.Thereareseveralwaysthatpeopleare

tryingtohelpendangeredspeciesrecover.Ecologistsstudydifferentspeciesandtrytofindoutmoreinformationaboutthe

mtotryandhelp.InFinland,forexample,scientistsfoundthataadecreaseinthenumberofbogs(沼泽)wasresponsibleforth

efallingbutterflypopulation.Oncetheyunderstoodthis,theycouldmanagethebutterflypopulationandhelpitrecover.Governmentsarealsopassinglawstoprot

ectendangeredanimals.OneexampleofthisisanareanearHawaiiwithaseriouslylowfishpopulation.TheUnitedStates’governmenthasmad

eitillegalforfishingboatstoenterthisarea.8．Whatcanweinferfromparagraph2?A．MostendangeredspeciesarelocatedintheUnitedStates.B．Ci

tiesandtownsintheUnitedStatesaregrowingtoofast.C．Ecosystemchangescanresultinhabitatlossandanimaldeath.D．M

oretreesneedtobeplantedtopreventanimalsfromdyingout.9．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“wrecking”inparagraph3mean?A．Conserving.B．D

amaging.C．Providing.D．Dominating.10．Whichisthebesttitleforthistext?A．SavingEndangeredSpeciesB．AListofEndan

geredSpeciesC．TheCausesofGlobalWarmingD．HowPolarBearsBecameExtinct11．Whatwilltheauthorprobablydiscussintheparagraphthatf

ollows?A．Someotherwaystohelpendangeredspeciesrecover.B．Abriefdiscussionofpolarbearsandtheirdiethabits.C．Theimpactoffishing

lawsonthedevelopmentofHawaii.D．Variousopinionsanddebatesconcerningthecauseofglobalwarming.【答案】8．C9．B10．A11．A【解析】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了珍

惜物种濒临灭绝的原因，同时提出了一些帮助濒危物种恢复的方法。8．推理判断题。根据文章第二段关键句“Evensmallchangesinonepartofanecosystemcanhaveabigimpactonanotherpartofit.”

（生态系统的一个部分即使很小的变化也会对另一部分产生巨大的影响。）及下文给出的例子“Forexample,deforestationmayresultinachangeingroundtemperature,whichmaykilloffacerta

inkindofplantintheforest.Animalsthateatthisplantmaysuddenlyfindthatthereisnoavailablefoodsotheystarvetodeath.”（例如，森林砍伐可能导致地温

的变化，这可能杀死森林中的某种植物。吃这种植物的动物可能会突然发现没有可用的食物，所以它们会饿死。）可以推测，生态系统的变化会导致栖息地的丧失和动物的死亡。故选C项。9．词义猜测题。根据文章第三段关键句“Warmertemper

aturesmelttheicewherepolarbearslive,wreckingtheirhabitatandmakingitharderforthemtofindfood.”（温暖的温度融化了北极熊生活的地方的冰，_____它们的栖息地，使它们更难找到食物。）可以推测，此处

为分词作结果状语，高温融化了北极熊生活环境中的冰，破坏了它们的栖息地，因此wrecking与damaging意思一致。故选B项。10．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段关键句“Scientiststodayareconcer

nedaboutthegrowingnumberofspeciesintheworldthatmaysoonbecomeextinct.TheUnitedNations,alongwithmanygovernments,aretryingtosavetheseendangeredspeci

es.”（如今，科学家们对世界上物种数量的增长感到担忧，这些物种可能很快会灭绝。联合国和许多国家的政府正在努力拯救这些濒临灭绝的物种。）并结合全文内容可知，此文主要目的为呼吁我们应该拯救濒危物种。A选项“SavingEndangeredSpecies”（拯救濒

危物种）作为本题的标题，符合文意。故选A项。11．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段第一句“Thereareseveralwaysthatpeoplearetryingtohelpendangeredspeciesrecover.”（有几种方法可以帮助濒危物种恢复。）及下文所给出的例子可知，作

者在下段应该介绍一些其余帮助濒危物种恢复的方法。故选A项。3.【2023届广东省惠州市高三第一次调研】We’veallhadaguiltypleasureortwo.MaybeitwasanawkwardTVshowthatweenjoyedalittlebittoom

uch,maybeasongwelistenedtoironicallyuntilitbecameabittoounironic.Perhapsasnacksodisgustingitwoundupcomingbackaroundtobedelicious,oramo

viesoegregiousthatitendedupbeingafantasticwatch.Thoughweoftenwonderwhyweenjoythesethings,weshouldreallybeas

kingourselveswhywefeelguiltyforenjoyingthem.Withtheobviousexceptionofthingsthatareharmfultopeople,ourharshjudgmenttowardourselvesand

othersoverwhatweenjoydoesnothingbutharmourindividualexpressionandenjoyment.It’snaturaltowanttoappear“cool”tootherpeople—what

everthatmaymeantoyou.Withtheculturaltendencyandthemeanstoshareliterallyanythingandeverythingyouenjoyvia

socialmedia,weperfectlycurate(管理)themediaweconsumetomatchsomesortofimaginedidealaesthetic(美学)—atrapthat’smuc

htooeasytofallinto.Don’tfallintothetrap!Mypointis,thethingsthatholdusbackfromopenlyenjoyingour“guiltypleasures”oftencomefromcompletelyunfoundedplace

s.Thisisespeciallytruethatateenagegirlwouldratherbemisunderstoodthanadmitshelikespink.Frankly,what’sthepoint?Whoareyouprovingyourse

lfto,andwhydoyoufeeltheneedto?Ifyou’renotharminganyone,andyouaregettinghappinessfromsomething,thenwhybotherholdingyourselfbackfromitjusttopreservesom

ekindofcuratedimageofwhoyou’resupposedtobe?Lifeishardenoughasitis.Ifyou’vefoundsomethingthateasesthestres

soflifeevenjustalittlebit,holdontoitfordearlife.MarathontheTwilightmovies.Readasupertacky(俗气的)romancenovel.Throwthatguiltrightout

ofthewindowwithabsolutelynoregrets,anddowhateveritisthatmakesyouhappy.8．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“egregious”meaninthefirstparagraph?A．Moving

.B．Unpopular.C．Thrilling.D．Unbearable.9．Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph3?A．Mostpeoplewanttogainrecognitionfromothers.B．Socialmediahasabadimpa

ctonself-recognition.C．Culturetendencysetsastandardforidealaesthetic.D．Peopleenjoycuratingthemediathattheyconsume.10．Whatwouldholdusbackfromen

joying“guiltypleasure”?A．Thedesiretoleadasimplelife.B．Theintentiontoshowoffourselves.C．Theneedtoadmitthatwelikepink.D．Thepurposetogu

ardouridealimage.11．Whichofthefollowingmaytheauthoragreewith?A．Findwaystoovercomehardlife.B．Setourselvesfreefromfixedopinions.C．Hav

eanin-depthself-talktofindoursouls.D．Talkwithpeopleandmakeourowndecisions.【答案】8．D9．A10．D11．B【解析】本文是一篇说

明文。文章主要告诉我们要放弃“内疚的快乐”，学会做快乐的事情。8．词义猜测题。根据文章第一段第三句话“Perhapsasnacksodisgustingitwoundupcomingbackaroun

dtobedelicious（也许是一种如此恶心的零食，以至于它最终回来变得美味）”以及表示选择关系的连词or可知，前后表达的意思一致。根据第三句话后半句话“thatitendedupbeingafantasticwatch.（以至于它最终成为一场很棒的观赏。）”可知，画线词与unbear

able同义，意为“难以忍受”。故选D项。9．推理判断题。根据文章第三段第一句话“It’snaturaltowanttoappear“cool”tootherpeople（想要对其他人来说显得“很酷”是很自然的）”可知，作者主要表达了大多数人都想得到别人的认可。故选A项。10．细节理解题。根据文

章第四段第一句话“Mypointis,thethingsthatholdusbackfromopenlyenjoyingour“guiltypleasures”oftencomefromcompletelyunfoundedplaces.（我的观点是，阻碍我

们公开享受“内疚的快乐”的事情往往来自完全没有根据的地方）”可知，没有根据的地方应是理想的。D项“维护我们理想形象的目的”符合题意。故选D项。11．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段第二句话“Ifyou’vefoundsomethingthateasesthestressoflifeevenj

ustalittlebit,holdontoitfordearlife.（如果你已经找到了一些可以缓解生活压力的东西，哪怕只是一点点，那就坚持下去吧。）”可知，作者会支持人们做一些事情来缓解生活压力。B项“让自己从固定的意见中解脱出来”符合题

意。故选B项。4.【2023届河南省洛阳市强基联盟新高三摸底大联考】AblindChineseclimberreachedthesummit(顶点)ofQomolangma,knownintheWestasMountEverest,onMondaymorning,becomingt

hefirstblindpersonfromAsiaevertoconquertheworld’shighestsummit.ZhangHong,46,reachedthetopfromtheNepaliside,alongwiththreehigh-altitude

guides.Zhang,whowasborninChongqing,losthissightattheageof21.HenowworksatFukangHospitalAffiliatedwithTibetUniversityinLhasa.As

ZhangbeganhisclimbofQomolangma,whichis8,848.86metersabovesealevel,hiscolleaguesinLhasawereexcitedtohearthenewsofhissuccess.“Manypeoplemayhavedou

btedhisattemptofclimbingatfirst,butIwasconfidentinhimfromthebeginning,”saidKyila,thesecretaryoftheFukangAngelFoundation,whoalsoisablindperson

.“Iknewbeforethathecouldmakeit,andhedidmakeit.Iamreallyhappyforhim.Heisamodelforblindpeopletoencouragethemtochasetheirdreams.”Zhang’spas

sionforclimbingwasinspiredbyLotse,afamousTibetanclimberwhoconqueredalltheworld’s14summitsabovethealtitudeof8,000meters.Lotsehadsharedthestoryofthebli

ndUSmountaineerErikWeihenmayer,whoclimbedQomolangmainMay2001.Zhangwastouchedbythestory,whichignitedhisdreamofclimbing.Asana

mateurclimberforyears,Zhanghadconqueredthreemountainsabovethealtitudeof6,000metersbeforeclimbingthew

orld’shighestsummit.HehadbegunpreparingfortheQomolangmaclimbin2019.However,duetotheCOVID-19pandemic(流行病),allmo

untaineeringteamsonQomolangmawerecanceledinNepalandChinalastyear,andhehadtowaituntilrecentlytofinallymaketheattempt.4

．WhatcanweinferfromwhatKyilasaid?A．HehadbeeninspiredbyLotse.B．HehadmuchbeliefinZhang’ssuccess.C．Zhang’scolleagu

esdoubtedhismotivation.D．Zhangcenteredonclimbinginhissparetime.5．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“ignited”inparagraph5mean?A．Lighte

d.B．Accomplished.C．Followed.D．Recalled.6．WhydidZhangHongfailtoclimbQomolangmain2020?A．Hewastooweak.B．Hewasn’twellprepar

ed.C．Apandemicbrokeout.D．Extremeweatheroccurred.7．What’sthebesttitleforthetext?A．ZhangHongSetsanExampletoOthersB．ABlindClimberReache

sQomolangmaSummitC．QomolangmaAttractsMoreChinesetoClimbD．AChineseClimberGotThroughthePandemic【答案】4．B5

．A6．C7．B【解析】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了中国盲人张洪登上珠穆朗玛峰的故事。4．推理判断题。根据第四段Kyila的话“Iknewbeforethathecouldmakeit,andhedidmakeit.Iamreallyhappyforhim.(我之前就知道他能做到

，他确实做到了。我真的为他感到高兴)”可推知，他对张的成功充满信心。故选B项。5．词句猜测题。根据第五段“LotsehadsharedthestoryoftheblindUSmountaineerErikWeihenmayer,whoclimbedQomolangmain

May2001.Zhangwastouchedbythestory,whichignitedhisdreamofclimbing.(洛茨曾分享过美国盲人登山者埃里克·维亨迈尔在2001年5月攀登珠穆朗玛峰的故事。这个

故事感动了他，ignited了他的登山梦想)”中划线词后“hisdreamofclimbing”和可推知，埃里克·维亨迈尔的故事点燃了张的登山梦想，结合选项，动词ignite与light同义，意为“点燃，激起

”。故选A项。6．细节理解题。根据最后一段“HehadbegunpreparingfortheQomolangmaclimbin2019.However,duetotheCOVID-19pandemic(流行病),

allmountaineeringteamsonQomolangmawerecanceledinNepalandChinalastyear,andhehadtowaituntilrecentlytofinallymaketheattempt.(他已经在2019年

开始为攀登珠穆朗玛峰做准备。然而，由于新冠肺炎疫情，去年在尼泊尔和中国的珠峰登山队都被取消了，他直到最近才终于尝试)”可知，一场流行病爆发导致2020年张宏没能登上珠峰。故选C项。7．主旨大意题。通读全文，并结合第一

段“AblindChineseclimberreachedthesummit(顶点)ofQomolangma,knownintheWestasMountEverest,onMondaymorning,becomingthefirstblindpersonfromAsiaevertoconquer

theworld’shighestsummit.(21日上午，一名中国盲人登上了被西方称为“MountEverest”的珠穆朗玛峰。这是亚洲盲人登上珠峰的第一个人)”可知，本文主要讲述了一名盲人攀登者登上了珠穆朗玛峰峰顶的壮举，故“ABlindClimberReachesQomolangm

aSummit(一名盲人攀登者登上了珠穆朗玛峰峰顶)”是文章最佳标题。故选B项。5.【2023届江西省赣抚吉11校高三7月联考】BritishchipmakerWalkersisbeingfloodedwit

hmaildeliveriesofitsownpackaging.Anonlinepetition(请愿)withmorethan312,000signaturessofarurgessignerstomailtheiremptychipplasticbag

stoWalkersasanactofprotestagainstthebags’non-recyclabledesign.AspetitionorganizerGeraintAshcroftexplained

,themajorityofchippackets,madefrommetallizedplastic,arenotrecyclableandhavebeenfoundfullyundamagedupto33yearsafterconsumption.TheUKaloneco

nsumes6billionbagsofchipsayear,andWalkersturnsout11millionbagsdaily.Ashcroftwrote,“Attoday’sconsumptionratein33years’

time,therewillbe200billionpacketseithersenttolandfillorpollutingouroceans.Manywillbeeatenbyanimalsfishorbirdsleadingtoaslowdeath.”MailingthebagstoW

alkersisawaytoholdthecompanyaccountableforitspackagingandtopressureittocomeupwithabetterdesign.BecauseWalkershaswhat’sknownasa’Freepost

’address,theRoyalMailpostalserviceisobligated(有义务的)todeliveranythingthatisaddressedcorrectly—evenifit’sanemptychipbag.Buti

tiscontroversial.RoyalMailisn’thappyaboutit,askingpeopletoputtheirchipbagsinanenvelopetohelpwitheaseofdelivery.CriticsonTwitterq

uestionthelogicofbuyingaproductinordertoprotestagainstitsproducerandsuggestthatgivingupchipsaltogetherwo

uldimproveone’shealthaswellastheenvironment.WalkersissuedastatementonWednesday,sayingitwillmakeitspackagingplastic-freeby2025

.“Wehavereceivedsomereturnedpacketsandrecognizedtheeffortsbeingmadetobringtheissueofpackagingwastetoourattention.Thereturnedpacketswillbeusedinourr

esearchasweworktowardsourcommitmentofimprovingtherecyclabilityofourpackaging.”28．Whydopeoplemailthei

remptychipbagstoWalkers?A．TomakeWalkersusethemoncemore.B．Toexchangethemforsomenewchips.C．ToobjecttoWalkers’plasticpackaging.D．Toappealtopeopl

efornotusingthebags.29．Whatdoesthesecondparagraphmainlyshow?A．Theharmofchipbags.B．Theorganizationofthepetition.C．Theproductionofplasticbags.D．Theopin

ionofGeraintAshcroft.30．Whatistheunderlinedword“accountable”inparagraph3probablymean?A．Explainable.B．Responsible.C．Essential.D．Anxio

us.31．HowdoesWalkersreacttothecampaign?A．Doubtfully.B．Oppositely.C．Cautiously.D．Positively.【答案】28．C29．A30．B31．D【解析】本文是一

篇说明文。文章讲述了在英国，人们把薯片包装盒寄回给薯片公司Walkers，抗议该公司用不能回收、难以降解的塑料包装盒。28．细节理解题。根据文章第一段内容“sofarurgessignerstomailtheiremptychipplasticbagstoW

alkersasanactofprotestagainstthebags’non-recyclabledesign.(到目前为止，呼吁签名者将他们的空芯片塑料袋邮寄给沃克斯，以抗议塑料袋不可回收的设计)”可知，人们把薯片塑料

包装盒寄回Walkers是为了抗议该公司用不能回收，难以降解的塑料包装盒。故选C项。29．主旨大意题。根据第二段内容“themajorityofchippackets,madefrommetallizedpl

astic,notrecyclableandhavebeenfoundfullyundamagedupto33yearsafterconsumption.(大多数薯片包装是由金属化塑料制成的，不可回收，在使用了33年后发现完全完好无损。)”以及“Attoday’sconsumptionratei

n33years’time,therewillbe200billionpacketseithersenttolandfillorpollutingouroceans.Manywillbeeatenbyanimals,fishorbirdsleadingtoaslowdeath.(

按照现在33年的消耗速度，将有2000亿个包裹被送往垃圾填埋场或污染我们的海洋。许多会被动物、鱼或鸟吃掉，导致缓慢死亡。)”可知，chipbags不能回收，难以降解，要么送到填埋场，要么污染海洋。这些都是chipbags的危害.故选A项。30．词义猜测题。根据该词后面内容“to

pressureittocomeupwithabetterdesign，(给它施加压力而想出更好的设计。)”可知，把薯片塑料包装寄回到Walkers是让公司对它的包装负责任的一种方式。故选B项。31．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段内容“Walke

rsissuedastatementonWednesday,sayingitwillmakeitspackagingplastic-freeby2025.(沃克尔斯公司周三发表声明称，到2025年，公司将不再使用塑料包装)”可知，Walkers对待这次运动的态度是积极的。故选D项。

6.【2023届江西省新高三第一次摸底考试7月联考】Myhandswereshakinguncontrollably.ItriedincrediblyhardtofocusonthewordsthatIspenthoursputtingdownonpaper.Itriedtoconquermyf

earofspeakinginpubliconnumerousoccasionsthroughoutmylife.Duringcollegeandatmyfirstfewjobs,IwouldgetridiculouslynervouswhenIhadtogiveapresenta

tionorleadameeting.PublicspeakinghadbeenmynemesisforaslongasIcouldremember.Theninmymid-thirties,Idecidedtojointhepublicspea

kinggroupToastmasters.Ateverymeeting,wewereratedandforcedtocompetewithotherspeakersforanaward.YouwouldthinkthatIwouldwa

lkawayfromtheseexperiencesasapolishedspeaker,butnothingseemedtowork.Itwasn’tuntilrecently,whenscienceandscientificinstitutionswerebeing

attackedforunfairreasonsduringthepandemic,thatIdecidedImustspeakout.Sciencehasmadethiscountryaplacewheredreamscometrue—thisiswhyweallne

edtoprotectscience.Inaddition,asasciencewriter,Itrytogetreaderstounderstandhowscienceisrelatedtotheirdailylives.So

IendeduponthatfrighteningstageonthatsunnySaturdayinApril—EarthDay.Despitethebodyshakesandfear,Ipersevered.Thatday,Ilookedoutintothecrowdoflik

e-mindedsciencesupportersandIfeltcomfort.Reachingthatmilestonegoalofgettingthroughaspeechtrulychangedme.Atalmostforty,Ilea

rnedthatpassioncansetoffaflameinmyhearttodothingsIneverdreamedpossible.Thedarknessthatledtomyspeechissuretoleadtonewopportunitiesanda

dventures.4．Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“nemesis”inPara.1?A．Advantage.B．Annoyance.C．Prefe

rence.D．Confusion.5．HowdidtheauthorbehaveaboutpublicspeakingafterleavingToastmasters?A．Hebegantofeellessworried.B．Hebecameapolishedspeaker.

C．Heremainedashyspeaker.D．Thingsbecameworseforhim.6．WhatmadetheauthorwanttospeakoutonEarthDay?A．Itwasagoodchance

tolearnscience.B．Hemustriseuptodefendhisprofession.C．ItwasaprojectorganizedbyToastmasters.D．Hecouldn’thavepeopleattackingscience.7．Whatlesson

didtheauthordrawfromhissuccessfulspeech?A．Passioncanmotiveustoachievetheunachievable.B．Anydifficultycanbeovercomewithgreateffort.C．Sciencecanle

adustomakewonderfulchanges.D．Frustrationcanbesteppingstonestosuccess.【答案】4．B5．C6．D7．A【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。作者一直以来

害怕在公共场合发表演讲，一次偶然的机会，他决定为捍卫科学挺身而出发表演讲并从此战胜了自己。这让作者领悟到，激情能够燃起心中的火焰，让自己做到曾经不可能完成的事。4．词句猜测题。根据第一段中“Duringcollegeandatmyfi

rstfewjobs,IwouldgetridiculouslynervouswhenIhadtogiveapresentationorleadameeting.(在大学期间和我最初的几份工作中，当我必须做报告或主持会议时，我会感

到异常紧张。)”可知，作者在大学期间和参加工作之初，都是不敢当众说话的态度，但是所以一到开会或者需要做公开演讲的时候就会紧张。由此可以推断划线词的含义是“让人恼火的事”。故选B。5．推理判断题。根据第二段中“Atev

erymeeting,wewereratedandforcedtocompetewithotherspeakersforanaward.YouwouldthinkthatIwouldwalkawayfromtheseexperi

encesasapolishedspeaker,butnothingseemedtowork.(在每次会议上，我们都被评分，被迫与其他演讲者竞争奖项。你可能会认为我在经历这些之后会成为一名出色的演说家，但这些经历似乎都不起作用。)”可知，作者参加很多比赛，但是仍然没有成为一个娴

熟的演讲者。故选C。6．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Itwasn'tuntilrecently,whenscienceandscientificinstitutionswerebeingattackedforunfairreaso

nsduringthepandemic,thatIdecidedImustspeakout.(直到最近，当科学和科学机构在大流行期间受到不公平的理由的攻击时，我才决定我必须发声。)”可知，因为自己所在国家的科学和科研机构受到言论攻击，这使作者要挺身而出捍卫科学。故选D。7．推理判断题。根据最

后一段中“Atalmostforty,IlearnedthatpassioncansetoffaflameinmyhearttodothingsIneverdreamedpossible.Thedarknessthatledtomyspeechissuretolead

tonewopportunitiesandadventures.(在将近四十岁的时候，我明白了激情可以点燃我心中的火焰，去做我从未梦想过的事情。导致我演讲的黑暗一定会带来新的机会和冒险。)”可知，作者意识到激情能够燃烧内心的火焰，然自己做到曾经不可能完成的事情

。故选A。7.【云南师范大学附属中学2022-2023学年高考适应性月考卷（一）】Weallneedtodoourparttoreducetheeffectsofclimatechangebyreducingourcarbonfootprint,andthebestway

todothatisn’tbyswitchingtoLEDlightbulbs,drivinghybridcars,orevenrecycling.It’sbychangingourdietstoincludelessmeatandmoreplants.One

waytodothatisbyswappingyourbeef,chicken,andpoultryforplant-basedmeat.There’snoquestionthatso-calledmeatlessmeatwinswhenwe

takethehealthofourplanetintoconsideration.Plant-basedmeat,likeallfoods,hassomeimpactontheenvironment,butitdoesn’tcomec

losetohavingthesortofimpactontheplanetthatmeatdoes.Studieshaveshownthatittakesbetween2,000and8,000gallonsofwatertoproduceasinglepoun

dofbeef;incontrast,ittakesonlyabout300gallonstoproduceonepoundoftofu.Plus,livestock(牲畜)productioncontributestomoregro

undwaterpollution.AndtheFrontiersinSustainableFoodSystemsstudyfoundthatplant-basedmeat’sgreenhousegasemissionswere34percentlower

thanfarmedfish,43percentlowerthanpoultry,63percentlowerthanpig,87percentlowerthanbeeffromdairycows,and93percentlowerthanbeeffrombeefherds.Butp

lant-basedmeatisn’tperfect.Allfoodproductionrequiresresources.AccordingtoMarkHyman,MD,theauthorofFoodFix,mostoftheenvironmental

concernsaroundfakemeathavetodowithindustrialfarming—particularlytheuseofploughing,whichdestroyssoilcarbon.Whe

therornotmealsmadewithvegetarianmeatarebetterforyourbodythananimalproductsdependsontherecipe.Thinkaboutitthisway:Asteamedchickenbreastmaybewors

efortheplanet,butit’sbetterforyourbodythananImpossibleBurger.ButanImpossibleBurgermaybebetterthanathickpieceofbeef.Dr.Hymanwantspeopletokeep

inmindthattheseplant-basedmeatalternativesarehighlyprocessedfoods,whicharesomethingweshouldbestayingawayfrom,notincreasin

g,inourdiets.“Coca-ColaandDoritosareplant-based,”hesays.“Thatdoesn’tmeanthey’rehealthy.”32．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“swapping”inparagraphone

probablymean?A．Curving.B．Wrapping.C．Exchanging.D．Referring.33．Whatisthefunctionoffiguresmentionedinparagra

phs3and4?A．Toshowthatdevelopingtheplant-basedmeatcanprotectenvironment.B．Toshowthatdevelopingtheplant-basedmeatca

nsavewater.C．Toshowthatdevelopingtheplant-basedmeatneverreleasesgreenhousegas.D．Toshowthatdevelopingtheplant-basedmeatcanwasteenergy

.34．WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?A．Plant-basedmeatishealthyforourbody.B．Plant-basedmeatismoreeco-friendl

y.C．livestockproductiondoesnoharmtogroundwater.D．Highlyprocessedfoodsaregoodchoices.35．Accordingtothepassage,whatistheauthor’

sattitudetowardplant-basedmeat?A．Negative.B．Positive.C．Objective.D．Subjective.【答案】32．C33．A34．B35．C【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了植物肉的优点和不足。32．词义猜测题。根据画线单词上句“I

t’sbychangingourdietstoincludelessmeatandmoreplants.”（这是通过改变我们的饮食，减少食用肉类和食用更多的植物。）可知，上文告诉我们为了减少碳足迹对气候带来的影响，我们应该改变我们的饮食，减少食用肉类，食用更多的植物，由

此可知，画线单词所在句指的是把你的牛肉、鸡肉和家禽的肉换成植物肉，“Exchanging”意为“交换”，能够表达画线单词在句中所要表达的意思。故选C项。33．推理判断题。根据第三段关键句“Studieshaveshownthatittakes

between2,000and8,000gallonsofwatertoproduceasinglepoundofbeef;incontrast,ittakesonlyabout300gallonstoproduceonepoundo

ftofu.”（研究表明，生产一磅牛肉需要2000到8000加仑的水；相比之下，生产一磅豆腐只需要大约300加仑的水。）和第四段内容“AndtheFrontiersinSustainableFoodSystemsstudyfoundth

atplant-basedmeat’sgreenhousegasemissionswere34percentlowerthanfarmedfish,43percentlowerthanpoultry,63perce

ntlowerthanpig,87percentlowerthanbeeffromdairycows,and93percentlowerthanbeeffrombeefherds.”（《可持续食品系统前沿》研究发现，植物肉的温室气体排放量比养殖鱼类低34%

，比养殖家禽低43%，比养殖猪低63%，比养殖奶牛的牛肉低87%，比养牛场的牛肉低93%。）可知，第三段和第四段通过列举具体的数字告诉我们生产植物肉用的水更少，排放的温室气体更少，可以保护环境，由此可知，第3段和第4段中提

到的数字的功能是为了表明发展植物肉可以保护环境。故选A项。34．细节理解题。根据第二段关键句“Plant-basedmeat,likeallfoods,hassomeimpactontheenvironment,bu

titdoesn’tcomeclosetohavingthesortofimpactontheplanetthatmeatdoes.”（植物肉和所有食物一样，对环境有一定影响，但对地球的影响远不如肉类。）和第三段关键句“Studie

shaveshownthatittakesbetween2,000and8,000gallonsofwatertoproduceasinglepoundofbeef;incontrast,ittakesonlyabout300gallonstoproduceonepoundo

ftofu.”（研究表明，生产一磅牛肉需要2000到8000加仑的水；相比之下，生产一磅豆腐只需要大约300加仑的水。）可知，和肉类相比，植物肉对环境的影响更小，消耗的资源更少，由此可知，植物肉更环保。故选B项。35．推理判断题。根据第二段关键句“Plant-basedmeat,likeallfo

ods,hassomeimpactontheenvironment,butitdoesn’tcomeclosetohavingthesortofimpactontheplanetthatmeatdoes.”（植物肉和所有食物一样，对环境

有一定影响，但对地球的影响远不如肉类。）和最后一段关键句“Dr.Hymanwantspeopletokeepinmindthattheseplant-basedmeatalternativesarehighlyprocessedfoo

ds,whicharesomethingweshouldbestayingawayfrom,notincreasing,inourdiets.”（海曼博士希望人们记住，这些以植物为基础的肉类替代品是高度加工的食物，我们应该在饮食

中远离而不是增加。）可知，作者对植物肉的态度是客观的，既介绍了植物肉有利于环境的优点，同时告诉我们植物肉并不完美，它们是高度加工的食物，我们应该在饮食中远离，由此可知，作者对植物肉的态度是客观的。故选C项。8.【江苏省苏州实验中学2021-2022学年高三3月份学情调研】It’snose

cretthatcollegeisexpensive.Ireceivedfinancialaid,andIwasabletocoverthecostofenrollment,books,supplies,coursematerials,andadditionalsch

ool-relatedfees.ButIcouldnotaffordhousing,transportation,food,healthcare,orotherbasicnecessities.Thelongereachseme

sterwenton,theharderthechoicesbecame.Whenspringsemesterendedthatfirstyearatcollege,Ihadgoodgrades,butIdidn

othavetwoquarterstomyname.IdecidedthatifIcouldaffordtobeafull-timestudent,Iwouldneedtoworkafull-timejob.Soon,Istartedwork

ingattheairportasacleanerofaircraftcabins.Myfirstshiftattheairportwasagraveyardshift,whereIdetailedaircraftofvaryingsizes.Duringthi

stotalnightshift,Ihavetodo“deepcleaning”,whichmeantcleaningeverythingandevenIhadtocheckeverysafetycompartmentandreplaceanymissingitems.Thisc

ouldbedisgustingwork.Anotherfactupsetmealotthatworkingattheairportandgoingtoschooldidnotfiteasilytogether.Somedays1wastooexhaustedafteranightsh

ifttogettoclass.OtherdaysIdidn’thavetimetocompleteschoolassignmentsowingtoabusyworkday.Attheendofthefallsemester,Ireceivedafinalwarningformyattend

anceatmyjob.Onceagain,Iwasbetweenarockandahardplaceandhadtomakeadecision.Iwantedtogotoschoolandexcel,butIalsohadgrowna

ccustomedtofinanciallysupportingmyself.Ultimately,Ichosetotemporarilystopgoingtoschoolandtocontinueworking,adecision.Iwouldlaterregret.Theairlinecl

osedforvariousreasons.Ifeltstupid.Ihadputalotintothisjob,evensacrificingmyeducation,andnowIwouldhaveneitherjobnoreducation.I’dfinallylearned

whatmygrandmothermeantwhensheoncesaidthatyourjobistemporary,andyoureducationisforever.1．Whatcanweinferaboutthe

authorfromparagraph1?A．Hemetwithalongboringsemester.B．Foodaccountedforhisbiggestexpense.C．Helefthimselffin

anciallyembarrassed.D．Hisfinancialaidcouldcoverhisnecessities.2．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“detailed”inparagraph2mostprobablymean

?A．Cleaned.B．Listed.C．Repaired.D．Replaced.3．Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheauthorinparagraph3?A．Confused.B．Critical.C．Decisive.D．Dilig

ent.4．Whatisconveyedinthetext?A．Hewhomakesnomistakesmakesnothing.B．Nothingisdifficulttothemanwhowilltry.C．Oneshouldbefinanciallysuppo

rtedbyhimself.D．Thesignificanceofschoolingshouldberecognized.【答案】1．C2．A3．A4．D【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在经济上陷入困境，为了负担得起成为一名全日

制学生，作者开始做一份全职工作，结果因为出勤率问题收到了最后一次警告，只能选择暂时停止上学，继续工作。后来公司关闭了，作者为自己的决定后悔。1．推理判断题。根据第一段“It’snosecretthatcollegeisexpensive

.Ireceivedfinancialaid,andIwasabletocoverthecostofenrollment,books,supplies,coursematerials,andadditionalschool-relatedfees.ButIcouldnotaffordho

using,transportation,food,healthcare,orotherbasicnecessities.Thelongereachsemesterwenton,theharderthechoicesbecame.(大学学费昂贵已经不是什么秘密了。我得到了经济援助，我能够负担入学

费用、书籍、用品、课程材料和其他与学校相关的费用。但我负担不起住房、交通、食物、医疗和其他基本生活必需品。每学期时间越长，做出选择就越困难)”可推知，作者在经济上陷入困境。故选C。2．词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“Soon,Istartedworkingattheairportasacl

eanerofaircraftcabins.Myfirstshiftattheairportwasagraveyardshift,whereI”可知，作者很快开始在机场做飞机客舱清洁工，在机场的第一个班次是夜班，就要清理各种大小的飞机。故画线词意思是“清理

”。A.Cleaned.清理；B.Listed.列出；C.Repaired.修理；D.Replaced.替换。故选A。3．推理判断题。根据第三段“Anotherfactupsetmealotthatw

orkingattheairportandgoingtoschooldidnotfteasilytogether.SomedaysIwastooexhaustedafteranightshifttogettoclass

.OtherdaysIdidn’thavetimetocompleteschoolassignmentsowingtoabusyworkday.Attheendofthefallsemester,Ireceivedafinalwarningformyattendanceatmyjob.

Onceagain,Iwasbetweenarockandahardplaceandhadtomakeadecision.Iwantedtogotoschoolandexcel,butIalsohadgrownaccustomedtofinanciallysupporti

ngmyself.(另一个让我很难过的事实是，在机场工作和上学不太容易兼顾。有几天我上了夜班，累得连上课都去不了。另一些日子，由于工作日繁忙，我没有时间完成学校的作业。在秋季学期结束时，我因为出勤率问题收到了最后一次警告。我又

一次处于进退两难的境地，不得不做出决定。我想去上学，取得优异成绩，但我也已经习惯了在经济上养活自己)”可推知，作者很困惑。故选A。4．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Ihadputalotintothisjob,evensacrificingmyeducati

on,andnowIwouldhaveneitherjobnoreducation.I’dfinallylearnedwhatmygrandmothermeantwhensheoncesaidthatyourjobiste

mporary,andyoureducationisforever.(我为这份工作付出了很多，甚至牺牲了我的教育，现在我将既没有工作也没有教育。我终于明白了我祖母曾经说过的一句话：你的工作是暂时的，而你所受的教育是永远的)”可推知，学校

教育的重要性应该得到承认。故选D。9.【福建省宁德市部分达标中学2021-2022学年高三上学期期中联考】Evenlightactivitysuchashouseworkmighthelptokeepthebrainyoung,researcherss

ay,addingtoagrowingbodyofevidencethat,whenitcomestoexercise,everylittlehelps.WritinginthejournalJamaNetworkOpen,theinternationa

lteamofresearchersreporthowtheycametotheirfindingsbystudyingatleastthreedaysofactivity-trackerdatafrom2,354middle

-agedadultsfromtheUS,togetherwiththeparticipants'brainscans.Fromthelatter,theresearchersworkedoutindividuals'brainvolume,

ameasurelinkedtoageing:about0.2%ofthevolumeofthebrainislosteveryyearaftertheageof60.Lossorshrinkage(萎缩)ofbraintissueislinkedtodementia(痴呆),Spar

tanonoted.Aftertakingintoaccountfactorsincludingsex,smokingstatusandage,theteamfoundthateveryextrahour

oflightphysicalactivityperdaywaslinkedto0.22%greaterbrainvolume,equaltojustoverayear'slessbrainageing.What'smore,thosewhotookatleast10,

000stepsadayhada0.35%greaterbrainvolumethanthosewhotook,onaverage,fewerthan5,000stepsaday—equivalentto1.7

5years'lessbrainageing.However,thestudyhaslimitations.Itusedmainlywhiteparticipants,andcannotprovecauseandeffect.Theautho

rsaddthatnotalltimespentsedentaryisnecessarily"bad"forthebrain—particularlyifpeopleareengagedinataskt

hattakesalotofthinking.DrJamesPickett,headofresearchatAlzheimer'sSociety,said,"Don'tworryifyou'renothill-running,butfindsomethingyoue

njoyanddoitregularly,becauseweknowthatwhat'sgoodfortheheartisgoodforthehead."1．WhatcanbeinferredfromthestatisticsinParagraphs3&4?A．Lossofbrainti

ssueislinkedtodisease.B．Lightphysicalactivityraisesthebrainvolume.C．Taking10000stepsperdayisbestforourbrain.D．Lightphysic

alactivityslowsdownthebrainageing.2．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“sedentary”meaninParagraph5?A．Sitting.B．Walking.C．Sleeping.D．Working.3

．What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardsthestudy?A．Doubtful.B．Supportive.C．Objective.D．Indifferent.4．Whichofthefollow

ingstatementwillDr.Pickettpossiblyagreewith?A．Regularexercisemakesyouhappy.B．Themoreexercise,thebetter.C．Doingwhatyoulikeregularlyisbeneficial.D

．Lightphysicalactivitiesarethebest.【答案】1．D2．A3．C4．C【解析】本文是说明文。文章讲述研究表明，轻体力活动有助于减缓大脑衰老。1．推理判断题，根据文章第四段“Aftertakingintoaccountfactorsincludi

ngsex,smokingstatusandage,theteamfoundthateveryextrahouroflightphysicalactivityperdaywaslinkedto0.22%greaterbrainvolume,equaltojustoveraye

ar'slessbrainageing.What'smore,thosewhotookatleast10,000stepsadayhada0.35%greaterbrainvolumethanthosewhotook,onaverage,fewerthan5,000stepsaday—e

quivalentto1.75years'lessbrainageing.(在考虑了性别、吸烟状况和年龄等因素后，研究小组发现，每天每多进行一小时的轻度体育活动，大脑容量就会增加0.22%，相当于略低于一年的大脑衰老。而且，那些每天至少走1万步的人

的脑容量比那些平均每天走不到5000步的人多0.35%，相当于少1.75年的大脑衰老。)”可知，每天每多做一小时的轻体力活动或者每天多走一些步数，大脑容量都会有所增加，因此推断轻体力活动可以减缓大脑衰老，故选D。2．词义猜测题

。根据第一段“Evenlightactivitysuchashouseworkmighthelptokeepthebrainyoung,researcherssay,addingtoagrowingbodyofevidencethat,whenitcomestoexercise,

everylittlehelps.(研究人员称，即使是像做家务这样的轻微活动也可能有助于保持大脑年轻。越来越多的证据表明，当涉及锻炼时，一点一滴都有帮助。)”可知，一点一滴的锻炼对大脑都有帮助，划线句上文

说“However,thestudyhaslimitations.(然而，研究也有局限性)”结合划线所在句“"bad"forthebrain—particularlyifpeopleareengagedinataskthattakesalotof

thinking(作者补充说，并不是所有的Sedentary时间都必然对大脑“有害”——尤其是当人们在从事一项需要大量思考的任务时)”可推断，这里是说的是并非所有久坐的时间都对大脑有害，划线词与A项意思

相近。故选A。3．推理判断题。根据第一段“Evenlightactivitysuchashouseworkmighthelptokeepthebrainyoung,researcherssay,addingto

agrowingbodyofevidencethat,whenitcomestoexercise,everylittlehelps.(研究人员称，即使是像做家务这样的轻微活动也可能有助于保持大脑年轻。越来越多的证据表明，当涉及锻炼时，一点一滴都有帮助。)”和第五段“However,thest

udyhaslimitations.(然而，研究也有局限性)”可知，作者对于这项研究的态度是客观的。故选C。4．细节理解题。根据最后一段的DrJamesPickett说的“Don'tworryifyou'renothill-running,b

utfindsomethingyouenjoyanddoitregularly,becauseweknowthatwhat'sgoodfortheheartisgoodforthehead.(如果你不是在跑山，不要担心，但要找一些你喜欢的事情，经常去做，因为我们知道对心脏有

益的事情对头部也有好处。)”可知，DrJamesPickett认为经常做一些喜欢的事情是有益的。故选C。10.【河南省郑州市2021-2022学年高中毕业年级第一次质量预测】Starch(淀粉)isthemaincomponentofflour,riceandcornamongot

hers,whilecarbondioxidemakesupthevastmajorityofgreenhousegases.Oneday,humansmaybeableto“eat”carbondioxide,andglobalwarmingcouldbe“eat

enaway”bycarbonlovers.Althoughitsoundswild,thedayiscoming.Chinesescientistshavecreatedstarchusingcarbondioxide,hydrogenandele

ctricity,accordingtoastudypublishedinScienceinSeptember,2021.“Plantscreatestarchthroughphotosynthesis(光合作用),whichisacomplexandinefficie

nt(效率低得)process,”MaYanhe,thedirectoroftheTianjinInstituteofIndustrialBiotechnologyoftheChineseAcademyofSciences,toldChinaDaily.Headdedthatitwouldtak

eaplantabout60stepstoturncarbondioxide,waterandsunlightintostarch.“Ourbreakthroughshowsthatmakingstarchisachievableinalab.Thismethodmakesitpossibleto

producefoodinfactoriesandtherearemanyindustriesthatcanbenefitfromthistechnology,”MatoldChinaDaily.Theteamh

asbeenworkingontheprocessfor6years.“Thefirststepofthemethodistoconvertcarbondioxideandhydrogenintomethanol(甲醇),whichisamolecule(分子)thatco

ntainsasinglecarbonatom,”CaiTao,oneofthefirstauthorsofthestudy,toldChinaDaily.Scientiststhenpiecethesesingl

e-carbonmoleculesintobiggerandmorecomplexmolecules.Withthehelpofsupercomputing,Chinesescientistshavesimplifiedthenaturalstarch-mak

ingprocessfromabout60stepsinto11.“Thenewprocesshasmadeitpossibletoturnstarchproductionfromtraditionalagriculturalfanningtoindustrialproduction.Andit

maybepossibletosatisfyourneedswithoutfarminginthefuture.Thiswillnotonlyhelpsavewater,fertilizerandlandbutalsoh

elprecyclecarbondioxidetodealwithclimatechange,”aresearchfellowwiththeChineseAcademyofSciencestoldtheGlobalTimes.Thestudycanalsobenefitspaceexpl

orationinthefuture.Thestarchmayprovideasecurefoodsourceforastronautsastheytravellongdistancesinspacebysimplyt

urningthecarbondioxidetheybreatheoutintofood.1．WhatdoesMaYanhethinkofthenewmethodofcreatingstarch?A．It’sextremelyco

mplexandinefficient.B．It’sachievablethroughphotosynthesis.C．It’sawayofdealingwithglobalwarming.D．It’smoreefficientthanthenaturalmetho

d.2．Theunderlinedword“convert”inParagraph5probablymeans________.A．pushB．changeC．divideD．mix3．Whatcanbelearnedaboutthebreakthrough?A．Itcanhelpimprovep

eople’shealth.B．Itcanchangethewayofstarchproduction.C．Itcanprovideastronautswithnutritiousfood.D．Itcansavefarmersfromtraditio

nalagriculture.4．Whatcanbethebesttitleofthispassage?A．SmartwithstarchB．HungryforstarchC．Secureaboutfoodsu

pplyD．Beneficialtofooddiversity【答案】1．D2．B3．B4．A【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了根据2021年9月发表在《科学》杂志上的一项研究，中国科学家已经利用二氧化碳、氢和电制造出了淀粉。1．推理判断题。根据文章第三段““Plantscre

atestarchthroughphotosynthesis,whichisacomplexandinefficientprocess,”MaYanhe,thedirectoroftheTianjinInstituteofIndustrialB

iotechnologyoftheChineseAcademyofSciences,toldChinaDaily.（“植物通过光合作用产生淀粉，这是一个复杂而低效的过程，”中国科学院天津工业生物技术研究所所长马延河在接受《中国日报》采访时表示）”可知，他认为自然界产生淀粉的过程复杂而低

效，由此可推知，他认为新方法比自然方法更有效。故选D。2．词句猜测题。根据后文“whichisamolecule(分子)thatcontainsasinglecarbonatom（这是一个只有一个碳原子的分子）”可知，甲醇这种物质是由二氧化碳和氢气转化而成的。convert意为“转化，转变”

。故选B。3．细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“Thenewprocesshasmadeitpossibletoturnstarchproductionfromtraditionalagricultur

alfanningtoindustrialproduction.（这种新工艺使淀粉生产从传统的农业生产转向工业生产成为可能）”可知，这项突破改变了淀粉生产的方式。故选B。4．主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“Chinesesc

ientistshavecreatedstarchusingcarbondioxide,hydrogenandelectricity,accordingtoastudypublishedinScienceinSeptember,2021.（根据2021年9月发表在

《科学》杂志上的一项研究，中国科学家已经利用二氧化碳、氢和电制造出了淀粉）”可知，文章主要讲述了中国科学家成功把二氧化碳合成淀粉。故“智能与淀粉”可以作为最佳标题。故选A。11.【广西玉林市和贵港普通高中2021-

2022学年高三上学期12月联合统考】I’mnotateaperson.Idokeepaboxofassorted(什锦)teasonhandforcompanyandforbeingsociable.

Oneday,feelingtroubled,Ipulledouttheteabox.Camomile(洋甘菊)isoneoftheteasthatalwaysgetleftoverafterpeoplehavepickedouttheirfavorites.Igavetheneglectedc

amomileasniff.Itdidn'treallysmelllikeanything.Accordingtothebox,itpromotesrelaxation.Sodoesacupofhotwater,whichismostsimilarto

camomiletea.Overacupofcamomiletea,somethinghappened.Iwastransportedtosomeplaceveryspecific:myuncleCliff’sfarm.UncleCliffwasoneof

thebestlandfarmersinNorthDakota.Scents(气味)helpevokememories.Ifoundthecatshangingaroundthefarmalwaysshowed

upatmilkingtime,waitingforUncleClifftoloseadropofmilk.Butheneverlostadrop.AtGrandma’shouse,youcouldneverbeintrouble.Youco

ulddoanythingthatinterestedyou.Evenifyourolledinthemud,everyonestillthoughtyouweregoodenough.Everyonelaug

hedasoftenastheycould.Eveniftheywerelaughingatyou,itwasOK.Grandmahassoftwrinklyskin,andshelovesyousomuch.She'srighthere,inthesteam.Therewillalways

betroublesinlife,andIwon'tsolvethemall.ButifIcanburymyfaceinGrandma’sfloweredapron,ifIcanbea6-year-oldgirlagain,justbydrinkingacupofcamomiletea,that

’swhatI'mgoingtodo.1．Whydoestheauthorkeepaboxofassortedteasonhand?A．Togetrelaxed.B．Tokeepawake.C．Totreatvisitors.D．Toenjoytheteas.2．Whatcanwelearn

abouttheauthoraftershedrankthecamomiletea?A．Shedreamedanicedream.B．Sherecalledherchildhood.C．Shecalledonhergr

andma.D．Shepaidavisittoheruncle.3．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"evoke"probablymean?A．Refresh.B．Release.C．T

ransport.D．Expand.4．Whatmessagedoestheauthorconveyinthetext?A．Sheintroducescamomileteatofriends.B．ShelovesthecatsonuncleCl

iff'sfarm.C．Shefindsawaytosolvetroublesinlife.D．Shemissesherhappychildhoodbadly.【答案】1．C2．B3．A4．D【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。本文以洋甘菊茶为线索，讲述了作者在品

尝洋甘菊茶的过程中，回忆起了自己在叔叔家和奶奶家度过的童年时光，表达了自己对童年的怀念之情。1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Idokeepaboxofassorted(什锦)teasonhandforcompanyandforbeingsociable.（我手边确实有一盒什锦茶，以备结伴和社交之用

。）”可知，作者要存放一盒茶的目的是为了招待朋友和保持社交之道。C选项totreatvisitors招待访客，符合题意。故选C项。2．推理判断题。根据第二段“Overacupofcamomiletea,somethinghappened.（

喝着一杯甘菊茶，一些事情发生了。）”以及第三段“Iwastransportedtosomeplaceveryspecific:myuncleCliff’sfarm.（我被送到了一个非常特别的地方：我叔叔克里夫的农场。）”和第三段“Scent

s(气味)helpevokememories.（气味有助于唤起回忆）”可知，作者在喝了一杯柑橘茶之后，不禁回忆起来了小时候在叔叔家农场的生活点滴。B选项Sherecalledherchildhood.她想起了童年的生活，符合题意。故选B项。3．词义猜测题。根据第三段“Iwastransported

tosomeplaceveryspecific:myuncleCliff’sfarm.（我被送到了一个非常特别的地方：我叔叔克里夫的农场。）可知，作者在喝了甘菊茶之后，就不禁想起了自己在叔叔家农场的童年时光，不难推断“evoke

”memory就是唤起记忆的含义，和A项的refreshmemory词义相近。故选A项。4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“ButifIcanburymyfaceinGrandma'sfloweredapron,ifIcanbe

a6-year-oldgirlagain,justbydrinkingacupofcamomiletea,that'swhatI'mgoingtodo.（但如果我能把脸埋在奶奶的花围裙里，如果我能重新成为一个6岁的女孩，只要喝一杯甘菊茶就能实现，那这就是我要做的。）”可知甘菊茶唤起

了作者的回忆。她多么想通过喝茶来思念奶奶，回忆童年。D选项Shemissesherhappychildhoodbadly.她非常想念她的童年时光，匹配文章语境。故选D项。12.【四川省乐山市高中2022届第一次调查研究考试】Humansocietiesdependon

healthyecosystems(生态系统).Peopleusetheirproductsintheshapeoffish,meat,cropsandfiberssuchascottonandsilk.Medicinesmaybedi

rectlyharvestedfromthenaturalworldorinspiredbymolecules(分子)andelementsfoundwithinit.Throughlightreaction,treesandotherplantstakeincarbo

nandpumpoutoxygen.Theservicesthatecosystemsprovidetohumansdepend,inturn,ontherebeingadiversityoflivingthings.Mor

ethan75%ofglobalfood-croptypes,includingcoffee,cocoaandalmonds,arepollinated(授粉)byanimals.Thecomplexwebsupportingeveryfoodchainandecosystemme

ansthatthenarrowrangeofspeciesthathumanseatandexploitcannotbesustained(维持)withouttheexistenceofamuchgreaterdiversityofanimals,plants

andbacteria.WhenIPBESpublisheditsassessmentofthestateofglobalbiodiversityin2019,itofferedasoberingpicture.Roughly1millionanimaland

plantspecieswereconsideredtobeatriskofextinction.Theseincludedmanythatareusedinfarming.Atleast9%ofthe6,200sortsofhouse-trainedmammalsthathuma

nseat,orusetoproducefood,hadbecomeextinctby2016,andatleast1,000morearethreatened.Andone-thirdofoceanfishstockswerebeingunsustainablyexploitedin20

15.Surveysalsoshowthatthelossofbiodiversityistheresultofacombinationoffactors:climatechange,pollution,hu

manexploitationofland,sea,plantsandanimals,andthemovementofsomespeciesintonewterritorieswheretheydestroyexistingecosystems.Understandingap

roblem,however,isanecessarysteptowardssolvingit.Andthatiswheretechnologycanhelp.Ironically(讽刺地),itishumans’useoftechnology,whetherinsimplefo

rmssuchaschainsaws(链锯)ordragnets,ormorecomplexonessuchasmodernagricultureandtransportation,thatischieflyresponsibleforbiodiversityloss.Thechallengeno

wistoarrangeitsothatitisnotjustpartoftheproblem,butpartofthesolution.1．Whatdoesparagraph1trytotell?A．Greatsuccessachieve

dbyhumansocieties.B．People’sroleinreconstructingtheecosystems.C．People’swisdomandexperienceinexploitingnature.D．Benefitsbroughtbyecosystem

stohumansocieties.2．Inparagraph2,theauthortriestoexplaintherelationshipbetween________.A．humansandecosystemsB．ecosystemsandbiodiversityC．animalsan

dfoodchainD．biodiversityandresources3．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“sobering”inparagraph3mean?A．Saddening.B．Comprehensive.C．Concrete.D．Thoro

ugh.4．Whichofthefollowingwilltheauthorprobablyagree?A．Weneedtoridtechnologytopromotebiodiversity.B．Lossofbiodiversityissimplyrelat

edtohumanactivities.C．Technologyisdouble-edgedwhenitcomestobiodiversity.D．Climatechangeposesgreaterrisks

thanlossofbiodiversity.【答案】1．D2．B3．C4．C【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章说明生物多样性及其丧失的原因，希望合理地利用技术来保持生物多样性。1．推理判断题。根据第一段“People

usetheirproductsintheshapeoffish,meat,cropsandfiberssuchascottonandsilk.Medicinesmaybedirectlyharvestedf

romthenaturalworldorinspiredbymoleculesandelementsfoundwithinit.Throughlightreaction,treesandotherplantstakeincarbonandpumpoutoxygen.”（人们使用健康的

生态系统所提供的鱼、肉、农作物和棉花、丝绸等纤维产品。药物可以直接从自然界获取，也可以从自然界中发现的分子和元素中获得灵感。通过光反应，树木和其他植物吸收碳并排出氧气）可知，本段主要介绍人类可以从生态系统中得到各种不同的东西，生态系统能给人类社会带来了

好处。故选D项。2．细节理解题。根据第二段“Theservicesthatecosystemsprovidetohumansdepend,inturn,ontherebeingadiversityoflivingthi

ngs.”（生态系统为人类提供的服务反过来又取决于生物的多样性）可知，作者在本段解释生态系统和生物多样性之间的关系。故选B项。3．词句猜测题。根据第二段“thatthenarrowrangeofspeciesthathumanseatandexplo

itcannotbesustained(维持)withouttheexistenceofamuchgreaterdiversityofanimals,plantsandbacteria.”（如果没有更多样化的动物、植物和细菌，人类食

用和利用的物种范围就无法维持）可知，生物多样性对人类而言至关重要，再根据第三段中“Roughly1millionanimalandplantspecieswereconsideredtobeatriskofextinction.Theseincludedman

ythatareusedinfarming.Atleast9%ofthe6,200sortsofhouse-trainedmammalsthathumanseat,orusetoproducefood,hadbecomeextinctby2016,and

atleast1,000morearethreatened.Andone-thirdofoceanfishstockswerebeingunsustainablyexploitedin2015.”（大约100万种动植物物种被认为有灭绝的危险。其中包括许多用于农业的作物。到2016年，人类食用或用来

生产食物的6200种家养哺乳动物中至少有9%已经灭绝，至少还有1000种受到威胁。2015年，三分之一的海洋鱼类被不可持续地开发）可知，全球生物多样性状况评估所展示的是：动植物种类减少，受到威胁的种类越来越多。这是令人警醒，也令人感到难过的画面，给合选项，saddening从情感色彩上与sober

ing更接近。故选C项。4．推理判断题。根据第五段“Understandingaproblem,however,isanecessarysteptowardssolvingit.Andthatiswheretechnologycanhelp.Ironically(讽

刺地),itishumans'useoftechnology,whetherinsimpleformssuchaschainsaws(链锯)ordragnets,ormorecomplexonessuch

asmodernagricultureandtransportation,thatischieflyresponsibleforbiodiversityloss.”（然而，理解问题是解决问题的必要步骤。这就是技

术可以提供帮助的地方。具有讽刺意味的是，正是人类对技术的使用，无论是链锯或拖网等简单形式，还是现代农业和交通等更复杂形式，才是生物多样性丧失的主要原因）可知，作者认为技术可以帮助解决生物多样性面临的问题，同时又

会导致生物多样性丧失，当谈到生物多样性时，技术是一把双刃剑。故选C项。13.【安徽省皖南八校2021-2022学年高三第一次联考】CambridgeFolkFestivalhasbeenrunningsince1965;ittakesplaceinJulyandhasacapacityof1

4,000people.Thefestivaliscommittedtoreducingtheenvironmentalimpactoftheeventandhasfoundthatastrongrelationshipwiththeiren

ergysupplier,PearceHire,iskeytoreduction.CambridgeFolkFestivalhasworkedwithPearceHireforover30yearsandtheyhavecometounderstandthefestival'senv

ironmentalvalues.Theyworkcloselywiththefestival'sProductionManager,tocontinuallyimproveenergyefficiency,introducenewinnovations

andtomeetthecriteriaforagreenerfestival.AsPearceHireprovidesbothpowerandlighting,theycaninvestinmoreefficientlighting,knowin

gthattheirinvestmentwillbesubsidizedbytheresultingreductioningenerator(发电机)sizeandfuelcosts.Theyarealsouniquely

placedtoidentifywhereandwhentoturnon/offgeneratorsandthereforesavefuel.Overtheyearstheyhaveintroducedanumber

ofinnovationsinlighting:addingsensors,manufacturedin-house,toswitchsitelightingonandoffatdawnandduskasrequired

,resultinginhugesavingsinenergyuseandcosts.Theyalsoreplacedpower-hungrylightswithLEDlightingsite-wide,andsuppliedLEDequipmentforstageligh

ting.Generatorsusedon-siteareoneofthemostenergy-efficientgeneratorsyoucangetandtheyarearrangedinanefficientsyst

emofmanysmallergeneratorsratherthantwobigsets.Thefestivalsaves12,000-15,000litersofdiesel(柴油)pereventandmakes

amassivesavingonthecarbonfootprint.Meterreadingsaretakeneverythreehoursduringthefestivalsothatthecarbon

footprintcanbeaccuratelycalculatedandthefestival'smajorimpactsidentifiedandimprovementsmadewherenecessary.Thefestivalencouragesallstaffandfoodselle

rsto“switchoff”whenpossible;visitorsareaskedtoreuseplasticcupstoreducelitterandwaste;backstage,watercool

ersareusedinsteadofplasticbottles.Thefestivalcommissiongoestogreatlengthstoprotectlocalwaterways,landandthebiodiversityoftheareaf

romnegativeimpactsoftheevent.Overthelastfiveyearsthefestivalhasreduceditsdieselusagebyathird.Thesereductionshavebeenachieve

dthroughthejointeffortsofsupplierandfestivalteams.1．WhydoesthefestivalcooperatewithPearceHire?A．Tobee

co-friendly.B．Totryrenewableenergy.C．Torebuildtheirrelationship.D．Toincreaseitsimpactsonvisitors.2．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“subs

idized”inPara3probablymean?A．Putoff.B．Addedto.C．Paidback.D．Broughtup.3．Whatcanmeterreadingsbeusedtodo?A

．Improvethelighting'seffect.B．Recordthecarbonfootprint.C．Identifythetypeoflitterandwaste.D．Calculatethetotalhoursofthefestival.4．Whatdo

esthefestivalencouragefestival-goerstodo?A．Switchofftheirpersonalequipment.B．Gobackstagetohavecoolwater.C．Stayclearof

thelocalwaterways.D．Recyclestuffconsciously【答案】1．A2．C3．B4．D【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了剑桥民乐节与电力供应商合作以最大程度地确保节能环保。1．推理判断题。根据第一段“Thefestiva

liscommittedtoreducingtheenvironmentalimpactoftheeventandhasfoundthatastrongrelationshipwiththeirenergysupplier,PearceHire,iskeytoreduction.(该节日致力于减少

活动对环境的影响，并发现与他们的能源供应商PearceHire的牢固关系是减少活动的关键)”可推断，剑桥民乐节与电力供应商之间的合作的最终目的是为了节能环保。故选A。2．词义猜测题。根据第三段划线词前半句“AsPearceHireprovidesb

othpowerandlighting,theycaninvestinmoreefficientlighting,(由于PearceHire同时提供电力和照明，他们可以投资于更高效的照明)”可知，花巨资打造灯光是为了节能。灯光的投资能够被

减少的发电机和燃油费用来弥补。由此推知，subsidized为“给与补助金或奖助金、资助、补助”之意。故选C。3．细节理解题。根据第五段“Meterreadingsaretakeneverythreehoursduringthefestivalsothatthecarbonfootpr

intcanbeaccuratelycalculatedandthefestival'smajorimpactsidentifiedandimprovementsmadewherenecessary.(在节日期间，每三个小时就会进行一次

仪表读数，以便准确计算碳足迹，确定节日的主要影响，并在必要时作出改进)”可知，查看表的读数是为了精确记录节日的碳足迹。故选B。4．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“visitorsareaskedtoreusepl

asticcupstoreducelitterandwaste(要求游客重复使用塑料杯，以减少垃圾和废物)”可知，举办方鼓励来参加节日的人有意识回收利用一些东西。故选D。14.【江苏省泰兴市第一高级中学2021-2022学年高三下学期阶段测试一】Peoplerepresentingo

ver100countriesmetvirtuallyinKunming,China,lastweektodiscusshowtoprotectEarth’sbiodiversity(生物多样性).ThisC

BDMeeting(alsoknownasCOP15)ranfromOctober11to15,2021.Therearesomanydifferentspecies.Sadly,speciesaredisappearingallthetime.Onerecentstudysuggeste

dthataroundamillionspeciesareindangerofextinction.Liketheclimatecrisis,theworld’slossofbiodiversityiscausedmainlybyhumans,

whodon’talwayscooperate.Climatechangeisplayingapart.Thebiggestwayhumansarecausingbiodiversitylossisbytakingoverthehomesthatallkindsofplantsandani

malsdependonandusingthemforthingslikefarming,mining,orcuttingdowntreesforwood.Hu-mansarealsoharmingtheoce

ansbyfishingtoomuch,andbyseverelypollutingtheseaswithplastic,oil,andotherchemicals.In1992,theworld’scountriesbegansigning

anagreementcalledtheConventiononBiologicalDiversity(CBD).Themeetingisbeingheldintwoparts.Lastweek'smeetingdiscussedplansandgoalsforprot

ectingbiodiversitythroughtheyear2030,whichledtoaplancalledthe“KunmingDeclaration”.Anin-personmeetingwillbeheldinKunmingnextMayto

formallyagreetotheplan.OneofitsbiggoalsannouncedinKunmingistocutdangerouschemicalpollutionfromfarmin

g.Theplanalsoincludesaskinggovernmentstocutupto$500billionoftheirsupportforactivitiesthathurtbiodiversity,likesomemethodsoffarming,andproducin

gfossilfuels.CBDorganizershopetheworld’scountriesarereallyreadytoworkonbiodiversityproblemsthistime.In2010,over100countriesagreedtoa20-PartPlantopr

otectbiodiversityby2020.Butnoneoftheplan’s20goalshadbeenconsummatedby2020.Solvingtheproblemdoesn’tdependonwhatcountriessa

ythey’lldo.Itdependsonwhattheyactuallydo.5．Whatmainlyleadstotheworld’sbiodiversityloss?A．Thedisappearanceofwildareas.B．Worldwideclimatechange.C．Thes

eriousoceanpollution.D．Lackofinternationalcooperation.6．Whatdoweknowaboutthe“KunmingDeclaration”?A．Itbelongstothe1

992CBDagreement.B．It’llraise$500billiontoprotectnature.C．Itadvisesstoppingusingchemicals.D．It’llbeapprovedof

ficiallyin2022.7．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“consummated”inthelastparagraphmean?A．Explained.B．Ignored.C．Reached.D．Refused.8．What’sthetext

mainlyabout?A．Thenewtrendofbiodiversity.B．TheKunmingCBDMeeting.C．Thechallengeslivingthingsface.D．ThedifferentspeciesontheEa

rth.【答案】5．A6．D7．C8．B【解析】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了在昆明举办的CBD会议的相关情况。5．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Thebiggestwayhumansarecausingbiodiv

ersitylossisbytakingoverthehomesthatallkindsofplantsandanimalsdependonandusingthemforthingslikefarming,mining,orc

uttingdowntreesforwood.(人类造成生物多样性丧失的最大方式是占领了各种动植物赖以生存的家园，并将其用于农业、采矿或砍伐树木以获取木材)”可知，动植物赖以生存的家园，即野外地区受到破坏而消失，是导致生物多样性丧失的主要原因。故选A项。6．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“T

hisCBDMeeting(alsoknownasCOP15)ranfromOctober11to15,2021.(本次CBD会议（也称为COP15）从2021年10月11日持续到15日)”可知，CBD会议是2021年10月11日开始举办的；再根据文章第三段“Anin

-personmeetingwillbeheldinKunmingnextMaytoformallyagreetotheplan.(将于明年5月在昆明举行线下会议，正式批准这一计划)”可推知，本句中的“明年5月”应该指的是2022年的5月，所以名为《昆明宣言》的计划将于2022年被正式批准。故

选D项。7．词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“In2010,over100countriesagreedtoa20-PartPlantoprotectbiodiversityby2020.(2010年，100多个国家同意了一项到2020年保护生物

多样性，由20个部分组成的计划)”和“Butnoneoftheplan’s20goals.(但该计划的20个目标都没有)”以及下文“Solvingtheproblemdoesn’tdependonwhatcountriessaythey’lldo.(解决这个问题并不取决于各国说他们会

做什么)”可推知，此处指各国指定的计划没有实现，下文指出了应该如何解决这个问题“Itdependsonwhattheyactuallydo.(这取决于他们实际做什么)”。由此推知，画线词“consumma

ted”表示“完成”，与C项“Reached(达到)”意思接近。故选C项。8．主旨大意题。通读全文，再根据文章第一段“Peoplerepresentingover100countriesmetvirtuallyinKunmi

ng,China,lastweektodiscusshowtoprotectEarth’sbiodiversity.ThisCBDMeeting(alsoknownasCOP15)ranfromOctober11to15,2021.(上周，来自100多个国家的代表在中国昆明举行会议，讨论

如何保护地球的生物多样性。这次CBD会议（也称为COP15）从2021年10月11日持续到15日)可推知，本文主要介绍了在昆明召开CBD的会议的相关情况。故选B项。15.【江苏省镇江市、南通市（通州区、启东市）2021

~2022学年高三质量监测】Overthephone,Jack'smothertoldhim,“Mr.Belserdiedlastnight.ThefuneralisWednesday."Memories

flashedthroughhismindlikeanoldnewsreelashesatquietlyrememberinghischildhooddays.“Jack,didyouhearme?"“Oh,sorry,M

um.Yes,Iheardyou.It'sbeensolongsinceIthoughtofhim.I'msorry,butIhonestlythoughthediedyearsago,"Jackreplied.“Youknow,Jack,afteryourfatherdied,Mr.B

elsersteppedintomakesureyouhadaman'sinfluenceinyourlife,'shesaid.Asbusyashewas,hekepthisword.Jackcaughtthenextflighttohishometown.Mr

.Belser'sfuneralwassmallanduneventful.Thenightbeforehehadtoreturnhome,JackandhisMumstoppedbytoseetheoldhousenextdo

oronemoretime.Standinginthedoorway,Jackpausedforamoment.Itwaslikecrossingoverintoanotherdimension,aleapthroughspaceandti

me.Thehousewasexactlyasheremembered.Everystepheldmemories.Everypicture,everypieceoffurniture.Jackstoppedsuddenly...“What'swrong,Jack

?”hisMumasked.“Theboxisgone,"hesaid.“Whatbox?"Mumasked."Therewasasmallgoldboxthathekeptlockedontopofhisdesk.Imusthaveaskedhimathousandtimeswhatwas

inside.Allhe'devertoldmewasthethinghevaluedmost.NowI'llneverknowwhatwassovaluabletohim,"Jacksaid.ReturninghomefromworkonedayJackdiscoveredanotei

nhismailbox.'Signaturerequiredonapackage.Nooneathome.Pleasestopbythemainpostofficewithinthenextthreedays,'thenoter

ead.EarlythenextdayJackretrievedthepackage.Thereinsidewasthegoldboxandanenvelope.Jackshandsshookashereadthe

noteinside."Uponmydeath,pleaseforwardthisboxanditscontentstoJackBennett.It'sthethingIvaluedmostinmylife.'Jackcarefullyunlockedthe

box.Thereinsidehefoundabeautifulgoldpocketwatch.Runninghisfingersslowlyoverthefinelyetchedcasing,heunlatchedthec

over.Insidehefoundthesewordsengraved(雕刻):'Jack,Thanksforyourtime!-HaroldBelser.'9．WhatdidMr.BelserdowhenJa

ckwasachild?A．Heplayedtheroleofafather.B．HetaughtJackschoolsubjects.C．HesponsoredJackforeducation.D．HebroughtJacklongermemories.10．WhywasJackd

eeplyimpressedwiththegoldbox?A．ItbelongedtoMr.Belser.B．Itremainedamysterytohim.C．Itwashischildhoodmemory.D．Itwasworthalotofmone

y.11．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“retrieved”inParagraph11probablymean?A．Takeover.B．Reachfor.C．Pullout.D．Getback.12．Whatcanwelearnfromthestory?A．Ag

oldpocketwatchisthebestgift.B．Goodcompanydeservestreasuring.C．Lossoffatherinfluencesaboydeeply.D．Closeneighborsshouldhelpeachothe

r.【答案】9．A10．B11．D12．B【解析】本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述陪伴杰克长大的HaroldBelser先生去世了，但是他很珍惜和杰克在一起的美好时光。9．推理判断题。根据第四段“Youknow,Ja

ck,afteryourfatherdied,Mr.Belsersteppedintomakesureyouhadaman'sinfluenceinyourlife”（你知道，杰克，在你父亲去世后，Belser先生就总是来拜访，以确保在你的人生中有男人的影响。）可知，当杰克是个孩子的

时候，父亲去世了，Belser先生就开始在杰克的人生中起父亲的作用。故选A。10．推理判断题。根据第十段“Imusthaveaskedhimathousandtimeswhatwasinside.Allhe'devertoldmewasthethinghevaluedmos

t.NowI'llneverknowwhatwassovaluabletohim,”（我问过他1千次那里面是什么，他总是跟我说是他最宝贵的东西。现在我将永远不会知道什么对他最宝贵了。）可知，作者对那个金盒子印象深刻，是因为他

一直想知道里面是什么。故选B。11．词句猜测题。根据上文“ReturninghomefromworkonedayJackdiscoveredanoteinhismailbox.'Signaturerequiredonapackage.Nooneathome.Pleasestopb

ythemainpostofficewithinthenextthreedays,'thenoteread.”（有一天下班回到家，杰克在他的信箱里发现了一张便条，‘一个包裹需要签字。家里面没人。请3天内到邮局来取。’便条上说。）可知，杰克有个包裹需要到邮局去拿。所以这

句话“EarlythenextdayJackretrievedthepackage.”（第二天一早，杰克retrieved那个包裹。）应该的杰克第二天一早去邮局取回了包裹。retrieve应该是“取回，拿回来”的意思，D选项意思相近。故选D。12．推理判断题

。根据最后一段“Insidehefoundthesewordsengraved(雕刻):'Jack,Thanksforyourtime!-HaroldBelser.'”（在盒子里面，他发现这些话被雕刻在上面：“杰克，感谢你的时间！——HaroldBelse

r。”）可知，HaroldBelser最珍惜的是杰克和他在一起的时间和陪伴。所以这篇文章主要讲述好的陪伴是最值得珍惜的。故选B。获得更多资源请扫码加入享学资源网微信公众号www.xiangxue100.com