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2024年高考英语第三次模拟考试高三英语（考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分）注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题

卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后

有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1．Whatarethespeakersgoingtodo?A．Attendawedding.B．Changeclothes.C．Goshoppi

ng.【答案】A【原文】W:James,you’restillnotready?M:I’mready,I’mready!I’lljustgrabmysuit!W:Ohno!Youshouldbewearingit!M:I’llgetchangedbeforethew

edding;it’llbeokay!2．Wherearethespeakers?A．Inasupermarket.B．Inalibrary.C．Inthestreet.【答案】B【原文】M:Excuseme,Madam.Iamheretolookforthe6thedi

tionofLongmanDictionary.Canyoutellmewherethereferencesectionis?W:Oh,pleasetaketheelevatortothe5thfloor.Itwillbeonyour

right.M:Thankssomuch.3．Whatwilltheweatherbeliketomorrowprobably?A．Rainy.B．Sunny.C．Windy.【答案】C【原文】M:It’sgoingtoraina

lldayaccordingtotheweatherforecast.W:Well,andit’stoowindytomorrow,sothatruinsourplantogohiking.Iwashopingtodaywouldbe

sunny!4．Whendidthemanleavetheoffice?A．At1:00.B．At1:30.C．At2:00.【答案】B【原文】W:Iwasattheofficeattwoo’clock.HowdidImissyou?M:Igotthereatoneo’clockandwait

edforhalfanhour.ThenIleftforameeting.5．Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A．Inthewoman’shome.B．Inaclothingshop.

C．Inashoe-store.【答案】A【原文】M:Wow!Beautifulhomeyouhavehere.W:Thanks.Letmetakeyourcoat.Andwouldyouleaveyourbaghere?M:Ohyeah.ShallItakeoffmyshoes?第二节（共15小

题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段

对话或独白读两遍。【听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。】6．What’sthewomandoingnow?A．WaitingforAnn.B．Typingherpaper.C．Attendingaparty.7．

Whosebirthdayisittoday?A．Mike’s.B．Mary’s.C．Ann’s.【答案】6．B7．C【原文】W:It’salready5:30p.m.now.Ihaven’tfinishedtypingmypaperyet.M:

Don’tworry,Mary.Theclockis10minutesfast.W:Great!FirstmakeacalltoMikeandtellhimtowaitforus.I’llfinishthepapersoon.M:Dowehaveanyotherthings?W:We’regoi

ngtoAnn’sbirthdaypartyat7o’clockinarestaurant.【听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。】8．Wherearethespeakersprobably?A．Inacafe.B．Inapark.C．Inabookstore.9．Whatmainl

ymakesthemaninterestedinthebook?A．Itsthemes.B．Itscharacters.C．Itsauthor.8．Howmanymultiple-choicesremainunfinished

?A．3.B．4.C．7.9．HowdidLindaperforminthefreeresponsequestions?A．Fairlywell.B．Justso-so.C．Quitebadly.【答案】

8．B9．C【原文】M:Linda,wouldyoutellmeallaboutthetest?W:Well,Ithoughtthemultiple-choicewasfairlysimple,butthefreerespon

sequestionskilled!M:Really?Howmanydidyouleaveblanksonthemultiple-choice?W:Ileft4of70blanks,andguessedon3others.Theywereeduca

tedguessesthough.However,Icannotguaranteethattheguessedonesarecorrect.M:That’sokay.That’sbetterthanmostofthepeopleI’vetalkedtosofar.W:Iknow.Itdoesn’t

matterhowwellIdidonthemultiple-choicesinceIprobablymessedupthetestwithmyfreeresponsequestions.【听第8段材料，回答第10至12题

。】10．Howmanynewfriendsdidthemanmakeontheschoolbus?A．One.B．Two.C．Three.11．Whatdidtheartteacherdo?A．Heshowedhisdisappointment.B．Hepraisedmo

stofthestudents.C．Hepraisedthemanforhispaintinggift.12．Whatdoesthemanprobablythinkofhismathteacher?A．Veryserious.

B．Verygood.C．Veryfunny.【答案】10．A11．C12．B【原文】W:Peter,youareinyoursenioryearnow.Doyoustillrememberyourfirstdayinhighschool?M:Yes.Itwasaveryim

pressiveday.IrememberedIwasnervousthatdaybecauseIhadnevervisitedthisschoolbeforeanditisanall-boysschool.W:Howdidthatdaygo?M

:Actuallyitwentverywell.ThingswerenotsobadasIthoughtatall.Ontheschoolbus,Ievenmettwooldfriendsandmadeanewfriend.W:Doyoustillrememberyourfirstc

lass?M:Yes.Myfirstclassonthatdaywasart.Theteacherlookedserious,butitturnedoutthathewasveryeasy-going.HeevenpraisedmeandsaidIhadagiftforpainting.Iwa

sgreatlyencouraged.W:Whatwasyoursecondclass?M:Mysecondclasswasmath.W:Howdiditgo?M:Verywelltoo.Iwasn’tgoodatmath,butthe

teacherwasgoodatteachingandIimmediatelyshowedinterestinhisclass.W:Youarereallylucky.【听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。】13．When

didthespeakersmeetthelasttime?A．Lastyear.B．Adecadeago.C．AtAmanda’sgraduation.14．Whatdoesthemando?A．Heisadesigner.B．Heisalawy

er.C．Heisawriter.15．Wherearethespeakersnow?A．InNewYork.B．InCalifornia.C．InArizona.16．Whattimeoftheyeari

sitnow?A．Fall.B．Winter.C．Summer.【答案】13．B14．C15．A16．B【原文】M:Betty!Isthatyou?Mygosh,it’sbeenages.Howareyoudoing?Thel

astIheard,youwereinCalifornia.WhatbringsyouovertotheEastCoast?W:Michael,hi!Yes,Iamvisitingmyfolks.Theystillliveinexactlyt

hesameplaceaswhenIleftthem.Oh,gosh,adecadeisalongtime,isn’tit?M:Well,IguessithasbeenthatlongsinceyoumovedawaybutIseealotofo

ldfriendsaroundChristmas,soit’snotsurprisingthatI’drunintoyou.W:So,whatareyoudoingwithyourselfthesedays?M:Ispendmytimewritingnow,althoughIamnotverygo

odatit.Ihaven’tbeenabletogetmyselfpublishedyet,butmaybeoneday—andyou?W:Wehaveexpandedthecompany.⑮Wehaveo

fficeshereinNewYork,aswellasWashington,Florida,Nevada,andArizona.M:Goodforyou.AndyouhaveadaughternamedAmanda,right?Shejustgrad

uatedthisfall?W:Yes,shejustgotacceptedbytheUniversityofCalifornia.AndDavidhashislawpractice.M:Well,it’sgoodtohaveyouherefor

theholidays.W:Maybewecangetourfamiliestogetherforamealbeforetheyearends.【听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。】17．WhatdidMiltondo?A．Hecaughtathief.B．Hewenttoathe

mepark.C．Hetraveledacrossthecountry.18．WhathappenedonMonday?A．Somecarswerestolen.B．Arollercoasterstoppedworking.C．TheJohnsonfamilymove

dtoNewYork.19．WhereisSixFlagslocated?A．InOrangeCounty.B．InUnionCity.C．InNewYork.20．Whatwillviewersseenext?

A．Anadvertisement.B．Aninterview.C．Aweatherreport.【答案】17．C18．A19．B20．A【原文】M:Goodmorning.ThisisMichaelJo

nesherewiththe10:00NewsReport.Earlierthisweek,weheardaboutMilton,thedogthattraveledover3,000milestobere

unitedwithhisfamily.WhentheJohnsonfamilymovedfromCaliforniatoNewYork,theycouldn’tfindtheirdogandtheyweresadtoleavehimbehind.Aboutamonth

later,MiltonshowedupattheirdoorstepinNewYork.Wecannotbelievehowfarthisdogtraveled!Thefamilywillbedoinganinterviewi

nthestudiotomorrowmorning.Inothernews,there’sbeenanoutbreakofcartheftsinOrangeCountythisweek.Abouttencarshavebeenstolenfromouts

idetheirowners’homessinceMonday.Ifyouseeorhearanything,pleasecall911.Abouttenpeoplefoundthemselvesstuckonarollercoas

terafteritbrokedownattheSixFlagsthemeparkonTuesdayinUnionCity.Thevictimsswungupsidedownforaroundthreeminutesasstaffworkedtorestarttherollerc

oaster.Fortunately,noonewashurt.SixFlagshassaidthattheychecktheirridesveryseriously,andthatthiswassimplyanunfortunateaccident.Th

at’sitforthenews.Whenwecomebackfromacommercialbreak,MichelleSmithwillbeherewiththeweatherreport.第二部分阅读（共两节,满分50分）第一节(共15小题:

每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AKnownas“theroofoftheworld”,theQinghai-TibetPlateauhaslongbeenanidealandmysteriousdestinationfor

visitorswhoarepassionateaboutexploringremotelands.HerearesomeofthebesttouristdestinationsinTibetwhichmightsuityourdiscerningtraveltas

tewiththearrivalofspring.TheYarlungZangboRiverGrandCanyonTheYarlungZangboRiverGrandCanyonisthedeepestcanyonin

theworld.Withatotallengthofabout500kilometers,itsaltitudespansfrom7,782metersatNamchaBarwa,thehighestpeakofthe

easternHimalayas,to550metersaroundtheYarlungZangboRiverValleyinMetogcounty.Oneuniquefeatureofthespringsighthereisthatvisit

orscanenjoyboththepeachblossomsandthesnow-cappedmountainsatthesametime.ThewaterPeachBlessomFairisalsoanattractioninthearea.LakeManasaro

vaLakeManasarovasits4,500metersabovesealevelinPurangcounty,Ngariprefecture.SnowmeltfromtheGangdiseMountainshuggingthelakeisthesourceforthenearbyY

arlungZangboRiveraswellasthemightyGanges.TheManasarovawetlandisakey“climateregulator”ontheplateauandh

ometomorethan400rarespeciesincludingtheblack-neckedcraneandtheTibetanwilddonkey.Enshrinedas“holylakeandsacredmountain”alongwithGangRinpoche,LakeMa

nasarovaattractsalargenumberofpilgrimsaswellastouristsfromhomeandabroad.NanyiValleyNanyigouscenicspotis20kilom

etersawayfromMilincountyandisanimportantbirthplaceofthemysteriousTibetanmedicineculture.Thescenicareacoversatotalarea

of820hectares.Theecologicalconditionsherearesogoodthattheplaceisrichinvariousanimalandplantspecies.NanyiV

alleyisknownas“thehighestgreenmysteriousplaceonEarth”.Surroundedbymountainsandshroudedinclouds,NanyiValleyisanidealspringdestinationf

orvisitors,whereyoucanfindpeachandazaleablossomseverywhere.21．WhatisspecialaboutthespringsceneryintheYarlungZangboRiverGrandCanyon

?A．Itispossibleforpeopletoseethedeepestcanyonintheworld.B．VisitorscangotothewaterPeachBlossomFairinMetogcounty.C．

Agreatrangeofculturalheritagesitescanbeenjoyedinpleasantweather.D．Touristscanadmirecharmingflowersaswellasmountainscoveredw

ithsnow.22．Whichplacebestsuitspeoplewhowanttoexploremoreaboutmedicine?A．TheYarlungZangboRiverGrandCanyonB．LakeManasarovaC．NanyiValleyD．Milincounty23

．Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A．Atravelbrochure.B．Anacademicarticle.C．Ageographytextbook.D．Amarketingwebsite.【答案】21．D22．C23．A【导语】本文是篇应用文。文章介绍了三个位于

西藏适合春天旅游的美丽的景点。21．细节理解题。根据TheYarlungZangboRiverGrandCanyon部分“Oneuniquefeatureofthespringsighthereisthatvisitorscanenjoyboththepeachblos

somsandthesnow-cappedmountainsatthesametime.”（这里春天景色的一个独特之处在于游客可以同时欣赏桃花和雪山）可知，春季去雅鲁藏布江大峡谷游玩的特别之处是游客可以同时欣赏桃花和雪山。故选D项。22．细节理解题

。根据NanyiValley中“Nanyigouscenicspotis20kilometersawayfromMilincountyandisanimportantbirthplaceofthemysteriousTibetanmedicinec

ulture.”（南驿沟风景区距米林县20公里，是神秘藏药文化的重要发源地）可知，NanyiValley适合愿意探索医药文化的人游览。故选C项。23．推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“HerearesomeofthebesttouristdestinationsinTibe

twhichmightsuityourdiscerningtraveltastewiththearrivalofspring.”（随着春天的到来，这里有一些西藏最好的旅游目的地，可能会适合你挑剔的旅游品味）并结合下文对西藏不同景点的介绍可知，本文主要介绍了西藏一些著名的旅游景

点，应选自旅游手册。故选A项。BIstarteda“questionoftheday”sectioninafamilytextgroup.We’dtalkabouteverythingfrommoviestopolitics.Butdespitesevera

lwarningsfromlovedonesthatsomeofmyresponseswerejudgmentalandthatIwastooquicktoattackanopinion,Iallbutkilledthatgroup

text.Ithadagood12peopleinit.We’dsharedlaughs,encouragement,andfunnymemes(表情包).Ittookonlyoneconversation—whichIwasinthemiddleof

—toendit.IrealizedthatIhadaproblem.Themediumformyproblemisthesmartphone.Beforesmartphonesenabledinstantcommunication,peopletalkedonthetelephone.Inper

son,youcouldcutina“Whatdoyoumeanbythat?”tocorrectamisunderstandingbeforeitgotoutofhand.Don’tgetmewrong:Iloveagoodgroupt

ext.ItmakesmefeelconnectedtopeopleinawaythatIjustcan’tseemtoanymore,nowthatIhaveawifeandkids.I’mlearning,butIhadarelapse(复发)recently.Ijoinedanewtext

group.Iintroducedmy“questionoftheday”feature.IfooledmyselfintothinkingthatIwasencouragingahealthydebateonc

urrentevents.No.Othersinthegroupsawitasmetryingtoprovethatmywaywastherightway.ThenImadethemistakeofsharingsomepersonalinformationthaton

efriendhadtoldmeduringaphoneconversation.Ithoughteveryoneknew.Thenthisfriendstartedreferringtomeasasnitch—nottermsofkindword.SoIaskedhimaboutit—i

nperson.That’swhenhetoldmeI’dsharedsensitiveinformationhehadn’ttoldanyoneelse.Iapologizedplentifullyandcameawayfromtheconversationmoredete

rminedtoslowdownmytexts.Mynewresolveseemstobeworking.YoushouldbepleasedtoknowthatIhaveavoidedmakingafewpointsthatIwa

stempted(鼓动)tomakeinindividualandgrouptexts.Insomecases,Ididn’tevenrespond.Ihaven’tlostanymoreconnectionsb

ydoingthis.24．Howdoestheauthorintroducethetopic?A．Bymakingjudgmentsonpolitics.B．Byrespondingtosometextmessages.C．

Bypresentingapersonalexperience.D．Bystartingafunnyconversation.25．Whatproblemdoestheauthorhaveindigitalc

ommunication?A．Ignoringtheneedtolistentoothers.B．Makingquickandsharpresponses.C．Failingtoexpresshimselftimely.D．Focusingont

heissuesofhisown.26．Whywastheauthorattackedbyhisfriendinthetextgroup?A．Hegaveawaytheprivacyofhisfriend.B．Healwaysmademistakeso

ncurrentevents.C．Hemadeafoolofhimselfinchatting.D．Helikedenquiringpersonalinformation.27．Whatdoestheauthorle

arnfromhisexperience?A．Hurrymakeswaste.B．Understandingeachotherisvital.C．Sometimesfastisjusttoofast.D．Trustisthebridgeofcommuni

cation.【答案】24．C25．B26．A27．C【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者通过个人经历反思了智能手机和即时通讯带来的沟通问题，特别是在群聊中容易引发误解和冲突，了解到自己的不当行为对他人造成的影响，进而决定改变自己在短信交流中的方式

，更加谨慎地对待信息分享和回应速度，以维护人际关系和促进有效的沟通。24．推理判断题。根据第一段的“Istarteda“questionoftheday”sectioninafamilytextgroup.We’dtalkaboute

verythingfrommoviestopolitics.ButdespiteseveralwarningsfromlovedonesthatsomeofmyresponseswerejudgmentalandthatIwastooquicktoattackanopinion,Iallbutk

illedthatgrouptext.(我在一个家庭短信群里开了一个“每日问题”版块。我们无所不谈，从电影到政治。但是，尽管我的亲人多次警告我，说我的一些回复带有评判性，而且我太急于攻击别人的观点，我还是差点取消了那条

群发短信。)”和第二段“IrealizedthatIhadaproblem.Themediumformyproblemisthesmartphone.(我意识到我有问题了。我的问题的媒介是智能手机。)”可知，作者通过个人经历引入了本文的

主题。故选C。25．细节理解题。根据第一段的“Iwastooquicktoattackanopinion(我太急于反驳一个观点了)”和倒数第二段的“Iapologizedplentifullyandcameawayfromtheconversationmore

determinedtoslowdownmytexts.(我再三道歉，然后离开了谈话，下定决心放慢我发短信的速度。)”可知，作者的问题是在群组讨论中，急于反驳他人的观点，对于分享信息不谨慎等，故选B。26．推理判断题。结合第三段的“ThenImadethem

istakeofsharingsomepersonalinformationthatonefriendhadtoldmeduringaphoneconversation.Ithoughteveryoneknew.Thenthisfriendstartedreferringtomeasasnitc

h—nottermsofkindword.(然后我犯了一个错误，分享了一个朋友在电话中告诉我的一些个人信息。我以为每个人都知道。然后这个朋友开始说我是告密者——这可不是什么好话。)”可知，作者的一位朋友在群组中攻击作者，是因为作者在群里说出了他和朋友

之间私下交流的内容，故选A。27．推理判断题。根据第一段的“Iwastooquicktoattackanopinion(我太急于反驳一个观点了)”和倒数第二段的“Iapologizedplentifullyandcameawayfromtheconversationmoredeterminedt

oslowdownmytexts.(我再三道歉，然后离开了谈话，下定决心放慢我发短信的速度。)”可知，作者通过在一次家庭群聊中的经历意识到自己的问题在于急于反驳他人的观点，因此作者从他的经历中学到的是有时候就是太快了，故选C。CWenormallythinkofbacteriaasour

enemies.Buttheyaren’tallbad.Ourbodiesarefullofthemanditturnsoutwecan’tlivewithoutthem.Fromthemomentwe’r

eborn,weacquire,anddevelopaninternalecosystemofsymbioticbacteriaandothermicrobes(微生物)-theyareinterdependentplayersinourbod

y.Infact,thereareroughlyasmanymicrobialcellsinourbodiesashumancells.Thismicrobialworldiscalledourmic

robiome(微生物组).Whilesomemicrobescanmakeusill,weneedourmicrobiometosurvive.Combined,theyareeverybitasessentialasourheart,ourlungs,orourbrain.Mostofth

emicrobiomeisfoundinourgut(肠道).Theyareessentialfordigestionandhelpregulatehormonesandboostourimmunesyst

em.Ahealthycollectionofmicrobesseemstobevitalforourwell-being,protectingagainstsomeofthebiggesthealththreats.Ontheotherh

and,havinganunhealthymicrobiomemaybeacontributingfactorformanycommondiseases.Ourmodernlifestyles,westerndietsandoveruseofanti

bioticsmightallbehavingaharmfuleffectonourinternalecology.Sohowdoyoudevelopahealthymicrobiomeinthegut?Well,itseemsthatthemorediverseyourmicrobi

alpopulationis,thebetter.Andthebestwaytoincreaseyourdiversityistoeatawiderangeofplant-basedfoods.Researchshowsthatpeoplewhohaveat

least30plant-basedelementsintheirdieteveryweekhaveawiderrangeofbacteriaintheirgut,andthat’slinkedtobetterweightmanagement,betterheartheathan

dbettermentalhealth.Oneeasywaytoboostyournumbersistoaddateaspoonofmixedseedstoyourbreakfast.Theinfluenceofyourgutmicrobesgoe

salotfurtherthanyoumightthink.Inthelast20years,we’velearnedthattheycommunicateconstantlywiththebrain,perhapsevenhavingcontro

loveryourmoodandemotions.28．Whichcanbestreplacetheunderlinedwordsymbioticinthefirstparagraph?A．Coexisting

.B．Beneficial.C．Special.D．Complicated.29．Whichstatementmighttheauthoragreewith?A．Plant-baseddietsmakepeoplehealthier.B．Micro

biomeismoreimportantthanourbrain.C．There'ssomelinkbetweenthediversityofbacteriaandhealth.D．Theoveruseofantibioticsleadstodistinctincreaseinmi

crobiome.30．Whatmightbediscussedafterthelastparagraph?A．Examplesofgutmicrobes.B．Gutmicrobesandmentalwellin

g-being.C．Interactionsofmicrobesinourbody.D．Waystoidentifybeneficialgutmicrobes.31．What'sthebesttitleforthepassage?A．Gutmicrobes:Fightersint

hebodyB．Themicrobiome:AcureofalldiseasesC．Gutmicrobes:ProtectorsofmentalhealthD．Themicrobiome:Acontributortoo

urhealth【答案】28．A29．C30．B31．D【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述的是肠道中的细菌和微生物对人类身体健康的积极作用。28．词句猜测题。根据前文“Ourbodiesarefull

ofthemanditturnsoutwecan’tlivewithoutthem.(我们的身体充满了它们，事实证明我们的生活不能没有它们)”可知，我们和细菌是共存的关系，推知symbiotic意为“共生的”，和A项意思相近。故选A项。29．推理判断题。由第四段

“Andthebestwaytoincreaseyourdiversityistoeatawiderangeofplant-basedfoods.Researchshowsthatpeoplewhohaveatleast30pl

ant-basedelementsintheirdieteveryweekhaveawiderrangeofbacteriaintheirgut,andthat’slinkedtobetterweightmanagement,betterh

eartheathandbettermentalhealth.(增加多样性的最好方法是吃各种各样的植物性食物。研究表明，每周饮食中至少含有30种植物性元素的人肠道细菌种类更广，这与更好的体重管理、心脏健康和心理健康有关)”可知，每周

食用至少30种植物元素的人，他们的肠道中有更多种类的细菌，而细菌的种类越多，与更多的体重管理，更好的心脏健康，更好的精神健康相关。故选C项。30．推理判断题。由文中最后一段“Theinfluenceofyourgutmicrobesgoesalotfurtherthanyoumight

think.Inthelast20years,we’velearnedthattheycommunicateconstantlywiththebrain,perhapsevenhavingcontroloveryourmoodande

motions.(肠道微生物的影响比你想象的要大得多。在过去的20年里，我们已经了解到它们不断地与大脑交流，甚至可能控制你的情绪和情绪)”可知，下文作者可能会写肠道微生物对于人类的精神健康的影响。故选B项。

31．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Wenormallythinkofbacteriaasourenemies.Buttheyaren’tallbad.Ourbodiesarefullofthemanditturnso

utwecan’tlivewithoutthem.Fromthemomentwe’reborn,weacquire,anddevelopaninternalecosystemofsymbioticbacteriaando

thermicrobes(微生物)-theyareinterdependentplayersinourbody.Infact,thereareroughlyasmanymicrobialcellsinourbodiesashumancells.Thismicrobialw

orldiscalledourmicrobiome(微生物组).(我们通常认为细菌是我们的敌人。但也不全是坏事。我们的身体充满了它们，事实证明我们的生活不能没有它们。从我们出生的那一刻起，我们就获得并发展了一个由共生细菌和其他微生物组成的内部生态系统——它们是我们体内相互依存的参与者

。事实上，我们体内的微生物细胞和人体细胞一样多。这个微生物世界被称为我们的微生物群)”以及纵观全文可知，本文的主旨主要是讲的肠道微生物对人类的健康的积极影响，所以D项“Themicrobiome:Acontributortoourhealth(微生物群：对我们的健康有贡献)”是本文最好的标题。

故选D项。DEachyear,theworldlosesabout10millionhectaresofforest—anareaaboutthesizeofIceland—becauseofcuttingdowntrees.Atthatrate,somescientistspredi

cttheworld’sforestscoulddisappearin100to200years.Tohandleit,nowresearchersatMassachusettsInstituteofTechno

logy(MIT)havepioneeredatechniquetogeneratewood-likeplantmaterialsinalab.Thismakesitpossibleto“grow”awoodenproductwithoutcutt

ingdowntrees.Inthelab,theresearchersfirsttakecellsfromtheleavesofayoungplant.Thesecellsareculturedinliquidmediumfortwoda

ys,thenmovedtoanothermediumwhichcontainsnutrientsandtwodifferenthormones.Byadjustingthehormonelevels,theresearcherscantunethephysicalandmechanicalqu

alitiesofthecells.Next,theresearchersusea3Dprintertoshapethecell-basedmaterial,andlettheshapedmaterialgrowinthedarkforthreemonths.Finally

,theresearchersdehydratethematerial,andthenevaluateitsqualities.Theyfoundthatlowerhormonelevelsleadtoplantmaterialsw

ithmorerounded,opencellsoflowerdensity,whilehigherhormonelevelscontributetothegrowthofplantmaterialswithsmallerbutdense

rcellstructures.Lowerorhigherdensityofcellstructuresmakestheplantmaterialssofterormorerigid,helpingthematerialsgrowwithdifferen

twood-likecharacteristics.What’smore,it’stobenotedthattheresearchprocessisabout100timesfasterthanthetimeittakesforatreetogrowtomaturi

ty!Researchofthiskindisground-breaking.“Thisworkdemonstratesthegreatpowerofatechnology,”saysleadresea

rcher,JeffreyBerenstain.“Therealopportunityhereistobeatitsbestwithwhatyouuseandhowyouuseit.Thistechnologycanbetunedtomeettherequirementsyougiveabo

utshapes,sizes,rigidity,andforms.Itenablesusto‘grow’anywoodenproductinawaythattraditionalagriculturalmethodscan’tachieve.

”32．WhydoresearchersatMITconducttheresearch?A．Togrowmoretrees.B．Toprotectplantdiversity.C．Toreducetreelosses.D．Topredict

forestdisappearance.33．Whatdoesparagraph2mainlytellusaboutthelabresearch?A．Itstheoreticalbasis.B．Itskey

procedures.C．Itsscientificevidence.D．Itsusualdifficulties.34．Whatdoesthefindingsuggestabouttheplantmaterials?A．Thehormonelevelsaffecttheirrigidity.B

．Theyarebetterthannaturallygrownplants.C．Theircells’shapesmainlyrelyontheirdensity.D．Theirgrowthspeeddetermine

stheircharacteristics.35．Whyistheresearchground-breakingaccordingtoBerenstain?A．Itusesnewbiologicalmaterialsinlabexperiments.B．It

revolutionizesthewaytomakewoodenproducts.C．Itchallengestraditionalscientifictheoriesinforestry.D．Ithasasignificantimpactonworldwideplantgrowt

h.【答案】32．C33．B34．A35．B【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了为了避免砍伐树木，麻省理工学院的研究人员开创了一种技术，在实验室里生产类似木材的植物材料。解释了其实验过程以及其积极意义。32．细节理解题。根据第一段“Eachyear,theworldloses

about10millionhectaresofforest—anareaaboutthesizeofIceland—becauseofcuttingdowntrees.Atthatrate,somescientistspredicttheworld’sforestscoulddisappe

arin100to200years.Tohandleit,nowresearchersatMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology(MIT)havepioneeredatechniquetogene

ratewood-likeplantmaterialsinalab.(每年，由于砍伐树木，世界上损失了大约1000万公顷的森林——面积约为冰岛的大小。一些科学家预测，按照这个速度，世界上的森林可能会在10

0到200年内消失。为了解决这个问题，麻省理工学院的研究人员开创了一种技术，在实验室里生产类似木材的植物材料)”可知，麻省理工学院的研究人员进行这项研究是为了减少树木损失。故选C。33．主旨大意题。根据第二

段“Inthelab,theresearchersfirsttakecellsfromtheleavesofayoungplant.Thesecellsareculturedinliquidmediumfortwodays,thenmovedtoanothermediumwhichcontai

nsnutrientsandtwodifferenthormones.Byadjustingthehormonelevels,theresearcherscantunethephysicalandmechanicalqualitiesofthec

ells.Next,theresearchersusea3Dprintertoshapethecell-basedmaterial,andlettheshapedmaterialgrowinthedarkforthreemonths.

Finally,theresearchersdehydratethematerial,andthenevaluateitsqualities.(在实验室里，研究人员首先从幼小植物的叶子上提取细胞。这些细胞在液体培养基中培养两天，然后转移到另一种含有营养物质和两种

不同激素的培养基中。通过调节激素水平，研究人员可以调节细胞的物理和机械特性。接下来，研究人员使用3D打印机来塑造细胞基材料，并让成型的材料在黑暗中生长三个月。最后，研究人员将材料脱水，然后评估其质量)”可知，第二段主要告诉我们关于实验室研究的关键程序。故选B。3

4．细节理解题。根据第三段“Theyfoundthatlowerhormonelevelsleadtoplantmaterialswithmorerounded,opencellsoflowerdensity,whilehigherh

ormonelevelscontributetothegrowthofplantmaterialswithsmallerbutdensercellstructures.Lowerorhigherdensityofcellstructuresmakes

theplantmaterialssofterormorerigid,helpingthematerialsgrowwithdifferentwood-likecharacteristics.(他们发现，较低的激素水平会导致植物材

料的细胞更圆、更开放，密度更低，而较高的激素水平会导致植物材料的细胞结构更小，但密度更大。细胞结构的密度或高或低，使植物材料更柔软或更坚硬，帮助材料生长出不同的类木特性)”可知，激素水平影响植物材料的硬度。故选A。35．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Thistechnologycan

betunedtomeettherequirementsyougiveaboutshapes,sizes,rigidity,andforms.Itenablesusto‘grow’anywoodenprodu

ctinawaythattraditionalagriculturalmethodscan’tachieve.(该技术可以调整以满足对形状、大小、刚性和形式的要求。它使我们能够以传统农业方法无法实现的方式“种植”任何木制品)”可知，贝伦斯坦认为这项研究具有开创性

因为它革新了制作木制品的方法。故选B。第二节(共5小题:每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。ThedayswhenartwasanOly

mpicsportDidyouknowthatcreatingworksofartusedtobeanOlympiccompetition?36Inthefirstyear,WalterWinansbecamethefirstan

dtheonlyOlympiantowinmedalsforbothartandsports.Despitethisseeminglyoptimisticstart,theideaoftheartsbeingincludedintheOlympicG

amessoonmetwithdisinterest,finallyresultingintheremovaloftheartcompetitionfromtheOlympicGames.37TheideatoincludeartintheOlymp

icscamefromBaronPierredeCoubertin,whowasthefounderoftheInternationalOlympicCommittee,whichcreatedthemodernOly

mpics.Coubertinbelievedthattheartsandsportswerelinkedandwasimpressedbyanyonewhohadafirmcommandofbothasport

andanartisticdiscipline(项目).Whyaren’ttheartsincludedintheOlympicstoday?Forstarters,onlyamateurswereallowedtocompeteintheartspartoftheOlymp

ics.38Havingartistsofaveragequalitycompetingwhileonlythemostcompetentathleteswereallowedtocompetecreatedadramaticd

ivideandgavetheimpressionthattheartswerenotasimportantassports.Secondly,worksofartcreatedhadtohavesportsasthesubj

ectmatter.39LimitingthesubjectsalsocontributedtomakingtheartspartoftheOlympicGamesboringtothegeneralpublic.Finally,oneofthebigge

streasonswasthattheartsaresubjective.Sportscanbejudgedbytimeanddistance,makingiteasytodeterminewhoisthewin

ner.40Thisdifficultyinjudgingadefinitewinnerresultedintheartspartbecominganon-competitiveexhibitionthatranforthedurat

ionoftheOlympicGames.A．WhywasartmadeanOlympicdiscipline?B．WhatisadisciplineintheOlympicGames?C．Thisrulema

detheobjectsproducedseemreallyboring.D．Thearts,ontheotherhand,arenotquitesoeasytojudgeE．However,theartspartoftheOlympicsGameswass

oonabandonedF．Thismeansthatmanyfamousartistswerebannedfromparticipating.G．For36years,from1912to1948,artistsparticipatedi

ntheOlympicGames.【答案】36．G37．A38．F39．C40．D【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了创作艺术作品是奥林匹克运动的项目的相关历史以及阐述了为什么今天的奥运会不包括艺术项目的原因。36

．根据前文“DidyouknowthatcreatingworksofartusedtobeanOlympiccompetition?(你知道创作艺术作品曾经是一项奥林匹克竞赛吗？)”可知，此处指出创作艺术作品曾经是奥林匹克竞赛的项目。G选项“For36years,from1912

to1948,artistsparticipatedintheOlympicGames.(从1912年到1948年的36年间，艺术家们参加了奥运会。)”中指出艺术家们参加奥运会。artists与前文的creatingworksofart

相呼应。故选G。37．根据后文“Coubertinbelievedthattheartsandsportswerelinkedandwasimpressedbyanyonewhohadafirmcommandofbothasportand

anartisticdiscipline(项目).(Coubertin相信艺术和体育是联系在一起的，他对任何既精通体育又精通艺术的人都印象深刻。)”回答了为什么艺术会成为奥运项目。A选项“WhywasartmadeanOlympicdiscipline?(为什么艺术会成为奥运项目?)”符合语境

。故选A。38．根据前文“Forstarters,onlyamateurswereallowedtocompeteintheartspartoftheOlympics.(首先，只有业余选手才被允许参加奥运会艺术部分的比赛。)”可知，只

有业余选手才被允许参加奥运会。后文应该提到该项规定造成的影响。F选项“Thismeansthatmanyfamousartistswerebannedfromparticipating.(这意味着许多著

名艺术家被禁止参加。)”指出，由于只有业余选手才被允许参加奥运会，这意味着许多著名艺术家被禁止参加。故选F。39．根据前文“Secondly,worksofartcreatedhadtohavesportsasthesubjectmatter.(其

次，创作的艺术作品必须以体育为题材。)”指出，创作艺术作品必须要以体育为题材，由此该项规则对作品进行了限制。C选项“Thisrulemadetheobjectsproducedseemreallyboring.(这个规则让制作出来的作品看起来很无聊。

)”承接前文，指出前文限定规则后导致作品看起来无聊，符合语境。故选C。40．根据前文“Finally,oneofthebiggestreasonswasthattheartsaresubjective.(最后，最大的

原因之一是艺术是主观的。)”可知，由于艺术是主观的，所以很难去判定。以及“Sportscanbejudgedbytimeanddistance,makingiteasytodeterminewhoisthewinner.(运动可以用时间和距离来评判，因此很容易决定谁是赢家。)”可知，后

文应该与此形成对应。D选项“Thearts,ontheotherhand,arenotquitesoeasytojudge.(另一方面，艺术就不那么容易判断了。)”与段首呼应的同时，与前文形成对应，符合语境。故选

D。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题:每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。In2023,Muskreachedanoutstandinglandmark:hisspacecompany,SpaceX,se

ntthefirstgroupoftravelerstoMars.Thissignificantevent41anewchapterinspacetravelandsparkedtheimaginationsofpeopleacrosstheg

lobe,encouragingafreshgenerationtodreambigandexplorethe42.InadditiontohisgroundbreakingworkatSpaceX,Muskhasalsomadealastingimpactinthefi

eldof43energy.Tesla,ledbyMusk,hasbeenattheforefrontofelectricvehicle44,drivingtheautomotiveindustrytowardsamoreenvironmentally4

5direction.Musk’sdedicationtopromoting46energythroughSolarCityhasalsobeeninstrumentalinreducingourrelianceonfossilf

uelsandaddressingclimatechange.Musk’srelentlessdrivetoachieveambitiousgoals,suchascolonizingMarsandrevolutionizingtransportationwithhyperlooptechnolo

gy,showcasesthepowerofforward-thinking.Despitefacingobstaclesand47,Musk’sunwaveringcommitmentandresiliencehave48hisventuresfo

rward,highlightingtheimportanceofpersistencein49challenges.However,Musk’sjourneyhasnotbeenwithoutcontroversy.Hisoutspokenp

ersonalityand50approachtobusinesshaveoftenledtodebateand51.Yet,itispreciselythis52tochallengethenormthathasenabledMusktopushboundariesandachiev

eremarkablefeats.Insummary,ElonMusk’sstoryservesasatestamenttothetransformativepotentialofhuman53andperseverance.Hisvisionforthefutureextendsbey

ondthelimitsofEarth,embracingaboldandambitious54forhumanity’sroleintheuniverse.Aswelookaheadtothefuture,letusdraw55fromMusk’sexamplean

ddaretodreamofabrighter,moreinnovativeworldforall.41．A．beganB．erasedC．markedD．closed42．A．pastB．prese

ntC．unknownD．world43．A．disposableB．sustainableC．safeD．mechanical44．A．productionB．developmentC．innovationD．destruction45．A．h

armfulB．friendlyC．neutralD．indifferent46．A．renewableB．idealC．effectiveD．inexpensive47．A．opportunitiesB．praisesC．agreementsD．crit

icism48．A．propelledB．impactedC．interruptedD．simplify49．A．hesitatingB．persistingC．ignoringD．overcoming50．A．traditionalB．cautiousC．

unconventionalD．unwilling51．A．reluctanceB．appreciationC．praisesD．skepticism52．A．wishB．courageC．decisionD．ab

ility53．A．ingenuityB．genuinenessC．diligenceD．indifference54．A．planB．dayC．visionD．mission55．A．fearB．inspirationC．sadn

essD．excitement【答案】41．C42．C43．B44．C45．B46．A47．D48．A49．D50．C51．D52．B53．A54．C55．B【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了企业家埃隆·马斯克的成就、影响和争议。41．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这一重大事件标志着

太空旅行的新篇章，激发了全球人民的想象力，鼓励新一代大胆梦想，探索未知。A.began开始；B.erased擦掉；C.marked标志；D.closed关闭。根据下文“anewchapterinspacetravel(太空旅行的新篇章)”可知下文表达了该事件对于太空旅行历史的重要

性，它起到了一个里程碑式的作用，预示着新的阶段或时期的开启，可推理出空白处应填表示“标志着”含义的动词，故选C项。42．考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A.past过去的；B.present现在的；C.unknown未知的；D.world世界。根据上文“In2023,M

uskreachedanoutstandinglandmark:hisspacecompany,SpaceX,sentthefirstgroupoftravelerstoMars.(2023年，马斯克取得了杰出的里程碑：他的太空公司SpaceX将第一批旅行者送上了火星)”可推理出此处说的是对未知

世界的探索，故选C项。43．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：除了在SpaceX的开创性工作，马斯克还在可持续能源领域产生了持久的影响。A.disposable一次性的；B.sustainable可持续的；C.safe

安全的；D.mechanical机器的。根据下文“energythroughSolarCityhasalsobeeninstrumentalinreducingourrelianceonfossilfuelsandaddressingclimatechange(通过Sola

rCity……能源，这也有助于减少我们对化石燃料的依赖和应对气候变化)”可知，此处说的是可持续的能源，故选B项。44．考查名词词义辨析。句意：马斯克领导的特斯拉一直走在电动汽车创新的前沿，推动汽车行业朝着更加环保的方向发展。A.production生产；B.developm

ent发展；C.innovation创新；D.destruction破坏。根据下文“drivingtheautomotiveindustrytowardsamoreenvironmentally…direction(推动汽车行业朝着对环境更加……的方向发展)”可推理出此处

说的是电动汽车创新，故选C项。45．考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A.harmful有害的；B.friendly友好的；C.neutral中立的；D.indifferent漠不关心的。根据下文“reducingourrelianceonfossilfuelsan

daddressingclimatechange(减少我们对化石燃料的依赖和应对气候变化)”可推理出此处说的是对环境友好的方向，故选B项。46．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：马斯克致力于通过SolarCity推广可再生能源，这也有助于减少我们对化石燃料的依赖和应对气候变化。A.ren

ewable可再生的；B.ideal理想的；C.effective有效的；D.inexpensive不贵的。根据下文“reducingourrelianceonfossilfuelsandaddressingclimatechange(

减少我们对化石燃料的依赖和应对气候变化)”可知此处说的可再生能源，故选A项。47．考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管面临重重阻碍和批评，马斯克坚定不移的承诺和毅力推动了他的事业不断前进，突显出在克服挑战中坚持不懈的重要性。A.opp

ortunities机会；B.praises表扬；C.agreements同意；D.criticism批评。根据空白处上文“obstacles(阻碍)”以及并列连词and可推理出此处说的是马斯克的事业受到的不利影响，分析待选项，D项

“criticism批评”表达的含义符合语境，且与前面obstacles情感色彩一致，故选D项。48．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.propelled推动；B.impacted影响；C.interrupted打断；D.simplify简化。根据下文“forward(向前)”可推理

出空白处应填表示“推动”含义的动词，故选A项。49．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.hesitating犹豫；B.persisting坚持；C.ignoring忽视；D.overcoming克服。根据上文“Musk’sunwaveringcommitmentandresilience(马

斯克坚定不移的承诺和毅力)”以及“highlightingtheimportanceofpersistence(突显出坚持不懈的重要性)”可推理出，此处表达的是马斯克坚定不移的承诺和毅力对于推动事业发展的重要性，并凸显出在克服挑战中坚持不懈的重要性，所以空白处应填表示“

克服”含义的表达，故选D项。50．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他直言不讳的个性和非常规的商业方式经常引发争论和怀疑。A.traditional传统的；B.cautious小心谨慎的；C.unconventional非常规的；D.unwilling不愿意的。根据下文“challeng

ethenorm(挑战规范)”可推理出此处上下文说的是他的商业运作方式是非常规的，故选C项。51．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.reluctance勉强；B.appreciation欣赏；C.praises表扬；D.skeptici

sm怀疑。根据上文“However,Musk’sjourneyhasnotbeenwithoutcontroversy.Hisoutspokenpersonalityandunconventionalapproachtobusinesshaveoftenledtodebat

e(马斯克的旅程并非没有争议。他直言不讳的个性和非常规的商业方式经常引发争论)”可知，空格处需要填入一个与“debate(辩论)”相匹配的名词，以表达这种辩论所带来的情感或态度。分析待选项，D项“skepticism怀

疑”表示的含义符合语境，它表示对某事物或某人持怀疑、不信任的态度，这与“debate(辩论)”所引发的争议和分歧是相符的，故选D项。52．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，正是这种挑战规范的勇气，让马斯克突破了界限，取得了非凡的成就。A.wish愿

望；B.courage勇气；C.decision决定；D.ability能力。根据下文“challengethenorm(挑战规范)”可推理出此处表达的是马斯克有挑战规范的勇气，故选B项。53．考查名词词义辨析。句意：总之，埃隆·马斯克的故事证明了人类创新思维和坚韧不拔的精神所蕴含的巨大变革

潜力。A.ingenuity独创力；B.genuineness真诚；C.diligence勤奋；D.indifference漠不关心。根据下文并列连词and以及“perseverance(毅力)”可推理出空白处描述埃隆·马斯克的故事

所证明的某种人类的特质或能力，分析选项，A项“ingenuity独创力”表达的含义符合语境，“ingenuity独创力”和“perseverance(毅力)”一起强调了人类通过智慧和毅力所能实现的变革潜力，符合上下文语境，故选A项。54．考查名词词

义辨析。句意：他对未来的构想超越了地球的界限，拥抱了一个关于人类在宇宙中角色的宏大而雄心勃勃的愿景。A.plan计划；B.day天；C.vision远见卓识；D.mission使命。根据上文“Hisvisionforthefutureextendsbeyondthelimitsof

Earth(他对未来的构想超越了地球的界限)”以及下文“humanity’sroleintheuniverse(人类在宇宙中角色)”可推理出空白处下文是对未来愿景的具体内容进一步描述，所以空白处应填表示“愿景”含义的名词，故选C项。55．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我们展望未来时

，让我们从马斯克的榜样中汲取灵感，敢于梦想一个更光明、更创新的世界。A.fear恐惧；B.inspiration灵感；C.sadness悲伤；D.excitement兴奋。根据上文“Aswelookaheadtothefuture(当我们展望未来时)”以及下文“fromM

usk’sexampleanddaretodreamofabrighter,moreinnovativeworldforall(从马斯克的榜样中汲取……，敢于梦想一个更光明、更创新的世界)”可知，空白处需要填入的名词应该表示

一种能够激发我们灵感、激励我们向前看、敢于梦想的力量或品质。而B项“inspiration灵感”恰好符合这一要求，它表示一种灵感、鼓舞或激励，通常来自于某个人的成就、行为或态度，符合句意，故选B项。第二节(共10小题:每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词

或括号内单词的正确形式。Forcenturies,globalizationwaslargelyshapedbythesea.WhileWesternnationsrapidlydevelopedthroughcoloni

alexpansion(殖民扩张),landlockednationsweretrapped56acycleofpovertyOverthepastdecade,atransformativeinitiative57(launch)tobreakthiscyclea

ndisrecoveringtheeconomiesofinlandcountries—theBeltandRoadInitiative(“一带一路”),58wasestablishedin2013.Thisnetworkhasbro

ughttogethertheeconomiesofEastAsiaanddevelopedEuropewiththevasthinterlandcountries,59(result)inincreasedeconomicandtradeexchanges,the

growthofboomingcities,andtheemergenceofanewcenterofglobaleconomicgrowth.Bytacklinginfrastructuredifferencesindevelopingcountries,60initiati

veishelpingbreakobstaclesthathavelonglimitedtheirdevelopment.TheChina-LaosRailwayrealizes61theLaopeoplelon

gdreamedof—transformingtheircountryfromalandlockedoneintoaland-linkedcenter.Ithasalsofacilitatedthe62(adopt)ofcleanenergyinAfrica,helpingitavoidt

hepollution63(associate)withWesternindustrialization.TheBeltandRoadInitiativehasattractedtheparticipatio

nofmorethanthree-quartersofcountries64(global),substantiallyimprovingthelivesof30%oftheworld’spopulation.ForChina,everythingthesec

ountriesgainfrom65(it)helpisagainfortheworld.【答案】56．in57．hasbeenlaunched58．which59．resulting60．the61．what

62．adoption63．associated64．globally65．its【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了“一带一路”及其带来的影响。【详解】1.考查介词。句意：当西方国家通过殖民扩张迅速发展的时候，内陆国家却陷入了贫困的循环。betrappedin“被困于

……”，为固定搭配，故填in。2.考查动词时态。句意：过去10年，一项旨在打破这种循环的变革性举措已经启动，目前正在恢复内陆国家的经济——2013年成立的一带一路举措。根据本句的时间状语Overthepastdecade可知此处应该用现在完成时，且句

子主语与launch之间为被动关系，应用现在完成时的被动语态，主语是单数，助动词应用has。故填hasbeenlaunched。3.考查定语从句。句意：过去10年，一项旨在打破这种循环的变革性举措已经启动，目前正在恢复内陆国家的经济——2013年成立的一带一路举措。根据句子结构可知，空处引

导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词theBeltandRoadInitiative，指物，且关系词在主句中作主语，应用which引导的非限制性定语从句。故填which。4.考查非谓语动词。句意：欧洲与广大内陆国家的经贸往来日益增多，城市蓬勃发展，并出现了新的全球经济增长中心。根据句子结构可知，

此处应用现在分词作状语，表示自然而然的结果。故填resulting。5.考查冠词。句意：通过解决发展中国家的基础设施差异，该倡议正在帮助打破长期限制其发展的障碍。根据句意可知，此处特指“一带一路”倡议，应用定冠词the。故填the。6.考查宾语从句。句意：中老铁路实现了老挝人民长期以

来的梦想——把他们的国家从一个内陆国家转变为一个陆地相连的中心。根据句子结构可知，此处应引导宾语从句，作realizes的宾语，且在从句作dreamedof的宾语，指物，应用what引导宾语从句，故填what。7.考查名词。句意：它还促进了非洲采用清洁能源，帮助非洲避免了与西方工业化相关的污染。根

据空前的the和空后的of可知此处应该填名词adoption作宾语，为不可数名词。故填adoption。8.考查非谓语动词。句意：它还促进了非洲采用清洁能源，帮助非洲避免了与西方工业化相关的污染。根据句意可知此处应该为非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰pollution，且动词as

sociate和pollution是被动关系，应用过去分词作后置定语。故填associated。9.考查副词。句意：一带一路倡议吸引了全球四分之三以上国家的参与，大大改善了世界30%人口的生活。根据句意可知此处应该填副词作状语。故填globally。1

0.考查代词。句意：对中国来说，这些国家从中国的帮助中获得的一切都是世界的收获。此处应该用形容词性的物主代词，作定语，修饰名词help。故填its。第四部分写作（共两节,满分40分）第一节（满分15分）假设你是晨光中学的李华，你的英国好友Peter最近给你来信，询问你对自己未来职业的规划。请你

给他回信，内容要点包括：1.梦想中的职业；2.选择此职业的原因；3.如何为实现梦想努力。DearPeter,_______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours,LiHua【答案】DearPeter,I’mgladtohearfromyou.Inyourletter,youaskedmeaboutmyfuturecareerplans.Firstofall,thankyouforyourconcern.Mydreamcaree

ristobealife-savingdoctor.IhavehadthisambitionsinceIwasachild,especiallyduringthecurrentepidemic,whenIsawthosemedi

calworkersleavingtheirfamiliesandchildrenbehindtogotothefrontlineattheriskofpersonalsafety,whichinspiredmydeterminationtobecomeadoctor.Inorde

rtorealizethisdream,Imuststudyhardandbeadmittedtotheidealmedicaluniversitywithexcellentresults.YoursLiHua【

导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国好友彼得回信，介绍自己未来的职业规划，说明选择此职业的原因并介绍如何为实现梦想而努力。【详解】1.词汇积累高兴的：glad→pleased询问：ask→enquire志向：ambition→aspi

ration激励：inspire→encourage2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Inordertorealizethisdream,Imuststudyhardandbeadmittedtotheidealmedicaluniv

ersitywithexcellentresults.拓展句：InorderthatIcanrealizethisdream,Imuststudyhardandbeadmittedtotheidealmedica

luniversitywithexcellentresults.【点睛】【高分句型1】IhavehadthisambitionsinceIwasachild,especiallyduringthecurrentepidemic,whenI

sawthosemedicalworkersleavingtheirfamiliesandchildrenbehindtogotothefrontlineattheriskofpersonalsafety,whichinspiredmyd

eterminationtobecomeadoctor.（运用了since引导时间状语从句，when引导时间状语从句，which引导非限制性定语从句）【高分句型2】Inordertorealizethisdream,Imu

ststudyhardandbeadmittedtotheidealmedicaluniversitywithexcellentresults.（运用了介词短语inorderto作目的状语）第二节（满分25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和

所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。OnSunday,Nicholas,ateenager,wentskiingwithhisfatheratSugarloafMountaininMaine.Theyhadawonderfuldayanddecide

dtodrivehometoMassachusettsafterafinalrun.Theytookachairlifttothetopofthemountain,wheretheysplituptogodownindifferenttrails.Whenthefatherfinished

hisrun,heheadedtotheparkinglottowaitforhisson.However,Nicholasnevershowedup.ItturnedoutthatafiercesnowstormhadsweptintotheareaasNicholaswaso

nhiswaydown.Unabletoseefar,heaccidentallyturnedoffthepathandventureddownthewestsideofthemountain.Beforeheknewit,Nicholaswaslostandallalone.Hiswaybac

ktotheskitrailswasblocked.What'sworse,hedidn'thaveanyfoodorwaterwithhim,letalonehiscellphoneorothersupplies.Thesunbegantosinkandhew

asgettingcolderbytheminute.Nicholashadnoideawherehewas.Hetriednottopanic.HethoughtaboutBearGrylls'survivalshowManvs.Wildthathe

usedtowatchonTV.Intheshow,Gryllsisabandonedinawildareaandhastohelphimselfout.Itwastimetoputthetipshehadlearnedtouse.Hedec

idedtostopmovingaround.Heneededtheenergy,andthewindsweren'tasstronginthevalleywherehestoodastheywereuponthemountain.Plus,therewasabetterchance

ofsomeonefindinghimifhestayedput.Thefirstthinghedidwastoseekshelterfromthefreezingwindandsnow.Usinghisskis,Nicholasbuilta

snowcave.Hegatheredahugemassofsnowanddugoutaholeinthemiddle.Thenhepiledbranchesontopofhimself,likeablanket,tostayaswarmashecould.Wheneveni

ngcame,Nicholaswasreallyhungry.Heatesomesnowanddranksomewaterfromnearbystreamsothathewouldn'tdehydrat

e(脱水）。Thenhereturnedtohiscaveandslept.Paragraph1:WhenNicholasdidn'tshowup,hisfatherrealizedtheremustbesomething

wrong._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________Paragraph2:Thenextday,Nicholasheardthesoundofasnowmobil

e.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________【答案】WhenNicholasdidn'tshowup,hisfatherrealizedtheremustbesomethingwrong.Thefather

contactedthepolice,andasearchteamwasgatheredtolookforthemissingteenager.Althoughtheweatherconditionwaspoorandthewindwasstillfierce,theydidn'tlose

hopeoffindingNicholasalive.However,theyknewtheclockwasticking,andNicholasstoodabetterchanceofsurvivaltheearliertheyfoundhim.Thet

eamsplitup,andoneofthesearcherswhoknewtheareabetterdecidedtosweepamountaintrailheusedtohikeup.Thenextday,Nicholasheardthesoundofasnowmobile.Hewent

outandfollowedthesoundtofindhelp.Hehadwalkedforaboutamilewhenheheardsomeonecallinghisname.Hemovedtowardsthesound,andsureeno

ugh,afewminuteslater,hecamefacetofacewiththesearcher.Despitefeelingweak,Nicholaswasgenerallyinagoodcondition,andhewasreallyhappyashewascarri

edbacktotheskiresorttoreunitewithhisfamily.【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，十几岁的尼古拉斯和父亲去缅因州的SugarloafMountain滑雪，在下山的时候，古拉斯已经迷

失了方向，孤身一人。他想起了以前在电视上看的贝尔·格里尔斯(BearGrylls)的生存节目“荒野求生”，成功自救并最终获救的故事。【详解】1.段落续写：由第一段首句内容“当尼古拉斯没有出现时，他的父亲意识到一定出了什么事

”可知，第一段可描写尼古拉斯的父亲报了警，警察以及派出小分队寻找尼古拉斯的过程。②由第二段首句内容“第二天，尼古拉斯听到了雪地摩托的声音。”可知，第二段可描写尼古拉斯被救的过程以及尼古拉斯的状况。2.续写线索：意识到出了什么事情——报警——救援队出去搜索——发

现尼古拉斯——状况良好以及精神状态——与家人团聚3.词汇激活行为类意识到出了什么事情：realized/besomethingwrong/救援队出去搜索：lookfor/search/losehopeof/find/s

weepamountaintrail发现尼古拉斯：followthesound/move/camefacetoface情绪类①状况良好以及精神状态：weak/good/happy/delighted/pleased

【点睛】[高分句型1]Althoughtheweatherconditionwaspoorandthewindwasstillfierce,theydidn'tlosehopeoffindingNicholasalive.although引导的让步状语从句。[高分句型2]Theteamspl

itup,andoneofthesearcherswhoknewtheareabetterdecidedtosweepamountaintrailheusedtohikeup.who引导的定语从句。