【文档说明】Unit 2 Healthy Lifestyle-Grammar—动词不定式作主语&Writing—建议信（教师版）-2022-2023学年高二英语课后培优分级练（人教版2019选择性必修第三册）.docx，共(16)页，314.202 KB，由envi的店铺上传

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Unit2HealthyLifestyle-Grammar—动词不定式作主语&Writing—建议信Grammar——动词不定式作主语1.Toseeistobelieve.2.Todomorningexercisesisusefulforourhealth.3.Itisinterestingt

oplaywithsnowinwinter.4.It’simportantforhumanbeingstokeepthebalanceofnature.【自主发现】1.动词不定式在句中可作主语。2.可以用it作形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式。不定式是非谓

语动词的一种，没有人称和数的变化，在句中可以作主语(有名词和代词的作用)，通常表示具体的、特定的行为。1.不定式作主语的用法(1)不定式位于句首TostudyEnglishwellisnoteasy.学好英语不容易。Tosavemoneynowseemsim

possible.现在好像不可能存钱。[名师提醒]表示单一概念的动词不定式作主语时，谓语动词用单数。Tomakeupforlosttimeisnotpossible.要弥补失去的时光是不可能的。(2)多数情况用it作形式主语，把真正的主语(动词不

定式)置于句末，特别是不定式短语较长时。常用于下列句式中。①It＋be＋名词＋todoIt’sourdutytotakegoodcareoftheold.照顾老人是我们的责任。②It＋be＋形容词＋(for/ofsb)＋todoItisdifficultforustofini

shwritingthecompositioninaquarterofanhour.我们很难在一刻钟内写完这篇作文。“Itisstupidofyoutowritedowneverything”，theteachersays.老师说：“你把每件

事都写下来，真是太蠢了。”[名师提醒](1)该句式结构中forsb前常用表示事物的特征、特点的形容词，如easy，hard，difficult，interesting，impossible等。It’snecessary

foryoutolockthecarwhenyoudonotuseit.当你不用车的时候，锁车是有必要的。(2)ofsb前一般用表示人物的性格、品德及主观感情或态度的形容词，如good，kind，nic

e，clever，foolish，right等。Itwassillyofustobelievehim.我们真愚蠢，竟然相信了他。(3)疑问词＋不定式短语作主语可置于句首。Howtousethecomputerisa

question.如何使用计算机是个问题。补全句子①Ittakesabouttenminutes.步行去银行大约用十分钟时间。②Itwaseasyforusfeelingalittlemisunderstoo

d.(2020·江苏卷阅读D)在一天结束的时候，我们很容易在被误解的感觉下入睡。③tosayso.你这样说真是太好了。④Itwasaspecialtimeanditfilledthemwiththewondermentofbooks.这是一个特殊的时刻，我和我的孩子们建立了联系，让他们沉浸在书的奇

妙中。⑤hasn’tbeendecidedyet.什么时候开会还没有定下来呢。⑥Theimplicationoftheseresultsisthattogainthegreatesthealthbenefitsfromexercis

e，itmaybewise.这些结果表明，要想从运动中获得最大的益处最好先不吃东西。【答案】1.towalktothebank2.togotosleepattheendoftheday3.It’sverykindofyou4.tobond

withmychildren5.Whentoholdthemeeting6.toskipeatingfirst2.动词不定式与动名词作主语的区别(1)动名词作主语通常表示抽象动作；而不定式作主语表示具体动作。Sm

okingisprohibitedhere.这里禁止抽烟。(抽象)Itisnotgoodforyoutosmokesomuch.你抽这么多烟对你身体很不好。(具体)(2)动名词作主语时，通常用以表示一件已知的事或经验。不定式短语通常用来表示一件未完成的事或目

的。Climbingmountainsisinteresting.爬山很有趣。(经验)Tofinishthetaskwilltakealongtime.完成这项任务将要花费很长时间。(具体)(3)不定式作主语，一般用it当形式主语，把作主语的不定式短语后置。

动名词作真正的主语的句型有：It’snogood(use，fun)doing/It’sawasteoftimedoing等。Ittookmeonlyfiveminutestofinishthejob.我仅用了5分

钟便完成了工作。Itisnogoodarguingwithhim.Heneverlistenstoothers.和他争论没用，他从不听别人的。单句语法填空①(walk)isagoodformofexerciseforbothyoungandold.②(drive)acard

uringtherushhouristiring.③Itisnouse(cry)overthesplitmilk.④(play)withfireisdangerous.⑤(play)withfirewillbedang

erous.【答案】1.Walking2.Driving3.crying4.Playing5.ToplayⅠ.单句语法填空1.Sometimesit’shard(let)go.FormanyBritishpeople，thatcanapplytoin

stitutionsandobjectsthatrepresenttheircountry’spast—age-oldcastles，splendidhomes...andredphoneboxes.2.Hewillfindiseasytomakefriendsinthisc

ity.3.(get)therebybikewilltakeushalfanhour.4.Itwasabigdealforus(load)upandgotothelocallibrary，wheremykidscouldpickoutboo

kstoreadorbookstheywantedmetoreadtothem.5.It’sveryniceyoutogetmetwoticketsfortheWorldCup.6.It’snecessaryyoutogi

veupsmoking.7.Howlongdidittakeyou(finish)thework?8.Asisknown，only(work)hardleadstohappiness.9.Hesaysit’sno

teasy(convince)peoplethatnutriafurisgreen，buthehasnodoubtaboutit.10.How(learn)Englishwellisimportant.【答案】1.tolet2.

it3.Toget4.toload5.of6.for7.tofinish8.working9.toconvince10.toconvinceⅡ.补全句子1.It’skindofyou.你能帮助我真是太好了。2.isaChinesetraditio

nalvirtueandasymbolofcivilizationaswell.尊敬老人是中华民族的传统美德，也是文明的象征。3.It’shard，butresearchindicatesthatthenumbershavebeenrisingfors

ometime.很难确切说出有多少人同意他的观点，但研究表明，这个数字一段时间以来一直在上升。4.tofinishwritingthecompositioninaquarterofanhour.我们难以在十五分钟内完成这篇作文。5.Nomatterhow

brightatalkeryouare，therearetimes.不论你多么能说会道，有些时候保持沉默会更好。6.becomesadailydiscussiontopic.如何应对日益上涨的生活费用成为人们日常讨论的话题。【答案】1.todomeafavour2.Respe

ctingtheelderly3.totellexactlyhowmanypeopleagreewithhim4.Itisdifficultforus5.whenit’sbettertoremainsilent6.Howtocopewiththerisingcostof

livingⅢ.语法填空Peopleusetheword“friend”ina1.____________(various)ofways.Afriendcanmeananythingfromanacquaintance(泛泛之交)toso

meoneyou’veknown.Whoevertheyare，friendsareanimportantpartoflifeateverystage.Forsomepeople，makingfriendsiseasy.F

orothers，itcanbe2.____________struggle.It’seasyforpeoplewhoknowhowtoconnectwithothers.Butyoudon’tneedtobecleveror3.____________(charm)tomakefrien

ds.Peoplewhomakefriendseasilyknowhowtobe4.____________(them).There’sanoldsaying：“Afriendissomeonewhoknowsy

ouwell—and5.____________(like)youanyway.”Therearethreesimplethingsyoucandotomakefriends.First，youhave

tolikeyourself.Makealistofyour6.____________(strong)，talentsandachievements.Thatway，whenyoumeetnewpeople，you’llknow7.____________youhave

toshare.Next，learnhowtolisten.Tosucceedinfriendships，youneedtoshowaninterest8.____________others.Askquestionsaboutotherpeople.Fi

nally，it’sagoodidea9.____________(join)aclubortakeaclass.Thatway，youcanmeetpeoplewhohavesimilarinterests.Goodfriends10.

____________(usual)likethesamethings.【语篇解读】本文是说明文，主要介绍了交朋友的三个简单步骤。【答案】1.variety考查固定搭配。句意：人们用各种各样的方式使用“朋友”这个词。根据句意可知，此处考查固定搭配avar

ietyof。2.a考查冠词。句意：对其他人来说，它可能是一种挣扎。此处struggle为可数名词，表示“挣扎”，且struggle的发音以辅音音素开头，所以用冠词a。3.charming考查词性转换。根据空前的“cl

everor”并结合句意可知，此处应用形容词。4.themselves考查代词。句意：交朋友的人很容易明白如何做自己。根据句意和主语People可知，此处应用themselves。5.likes考查时态和主谓一致。此处是对一般情况的描述，应用一般现在时，且此处和knows并列作谓语，故填l

ikes。6.strengths考查名词。根据后面的“talentsandachievements”并结合句意可知，此处应用名词，且strength作“优点”讲时为可数名词，所以用strengths。7.what考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，在从句中作宾语，表示“……的事物”，

故用what引导该宾语从句。8.in考查介词。此处表示你需要对他人表现出兴趣。showaninterestin...意为“对……表现出兴趣”，为固定用法。9.tojoin考查动词不定式。分析句子结构可知，此处是it作形式主语，

动词不定式作真正的主语，故填tojoin。10.usually考查副词。句意：好朋友通常喜欢相同的东西。空处修饰空后的动词like，故用副词usually。Writing——建议信一、写作分析建议信属于半开放性作文，大多要求考生根据所给的材料给出有针对

性的解决办法或者提出合理的建议，材料多为征求建议的信件。二、篇章结构建议信一般采取三段式结构：首段：针对对方对自己的信任简单表示感谢，亦可表明自己的意图。中段：围绕对方的困惑、烦恼等问题，用委婉的语言提出自己的建议、方法。末段：表达希望，希望自己的建议能

对对方有所帮助。三、语言特点1.建议内容要详尽具体，不能含糊其辞；要充分考虑到对方的实际问题，表达时应选择得体的语言，语气要诚恳，有礼貌，切忌用语生硬呆板，泛泛而谈。2.可提供的建议通常是多个，因此要注意各个建议之间的衔接。一、常用词汇1.havetrou

ble/difficulty(in)doingsth做某事有困难2.followtheadvice遵从建议3.advise/recommendsbtodosth建议某人做某事4.attachimportancetofoodquality

注重食品质量5.developahealthyeatinghabit养成健康的饮食习惯6.buildupabody增强体质7.takeintoomuchfat摄入过多的脂肪8.keepabalanceddiet保持均衡的饮食9.guaranteethe

safetyoffood保障食品安全10.takeregularexercise有规律的锻炼二、常用句式引出话题1.I’msorryyouhavetroublein...2.Iamwritingtosharesomeadvicewithyou.3.Youhaveaskedforsome

adviceconcerning...andIwilltrytogiveyoumysuggestions.建议方法1.Ithinkitwouldbeagoodideaif...2.Inmyopinion，itwouldbewi

seto...3.IfIwereyou，Iwould...4.Whynot...？/Whydon’tyou...?提出希望1.Ihopeyouwillfindtheseproposals/suggestions/tipspractical/useful/helpful.2.Iwouldapprec

iateitverymuchifyoucouldconsidermysuggestions.为了帮助中学生健康成长，某中学英文报开辟了“HEART-TO-HEART”专栏。假设你是该栏目的编辑Jamie，收到一封署名为Worri

ed的求助信。信中该同学向你诉说了自己的困扰：近日容易发脾气，使正常的学习和生活受到了影响。请用英文给该同学写一封回信。内容要点如下：1.表示理解并给予安慰；2.提出建议并说明理由。注意：1.词数100左右；2.信中不能出现与本人相关的信息；3.信的开头与结尾已为你拟好，不计入总词

数。参考词汇：tempern.脾气；情绪HiWorried，I’msorrytoknowthatyou’rehavingsuchabadtimeatthemoment.Yours，Jamie第一步审题

谋篇体裁建议信时态一般现在时和将来时主题有关生活和学习的建议人称第一和第二人称布局首段：对问题表示理解和安慰；中段：具体建议及理由；尾段：希望和祝愿。第二步要点翻译1.这是一个让你的愤怒发泄而不伤害别人或自己的好方法。Thisisagoodwayo

flettingyourangeroutwithouthurtingothersoryourself.2.这样一种积极的生活态度可以帮助提升你的精神。Suchapositiveattitudetowardslifecanbehelpfulinliftingyourspirits

.第三步词句升级1.用so合并句子。Thetruthiseveryonewillhaveoneofthoseperiodswhenthingsseemtobewrong.Youdon’thavetoworrysomuch.→Thetruthiseveryonewillhaveoneofthose

periodswhenthingsseemtobewrong，soyoudon’thavetoworrysomuch.2.用sothat和定语从句合并句子。Theimportantthingistolearntocontrolyourtemper.Youmaynotdoorsay

anythingandyouwillregretit.→Theimportantthingistolearntocontrolyourtempersothatyoumaynotdoorsayanythingyou’l

lregret.3.用as合并句子。Gooutdoorsandplayteamgameswithyourfriends.Physicalexerciseisaneffectivewaytogetridofanger.→Gooutdoorsandpla

yteamgameswithyourfriends，asphysicalexerciseisaneffectivewaytogetridofanger.第四步连句成篇HiWorried，I’msorrytoknowthatyo

u’rehavingsuchabadtimeatthemoment.Thetruthiseveryonewillhaveoneofthoseperiodswhenthingsseemtobewrong，soyoudon’thavetowo

rrysomuch.Theimportantthingistolearntocontrolyourtempersothatyoumaynotdoorsayanythingyou’llregret.Herearet

hreeusefultips：First，talktosomeoneyoutrustabouthowyoufeel.Thisisagoodwayoflettingyourangeroutwithouthurtingothers

oryourself.Second，gooutdoorsandplayteamgameswithyourfriends，asphysicalexerciseisaneffectivewaytogetridofanger.Andthird，remainoptimisticabou

tyourfuture.Suchapositiveattitudetowardslifecanbehelpfulinliftingyourspirits.Ihopeyou’llsoonfeelcalmerandcarryonasnormal.You

rs，Jamie为了使同学们更加健康快乐地成长，学校决定向同学们征求建议。假如你是刘波，用英语向校长写一篇100词左右的建议信。注意：1.文中应包含所有要点，并适当发挥；2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。DearHeadm

aster，I’mverygladtowritealettertoyou.Thesedayswearetalkingabouthowtohaveabetterschoollife.Herearesomeofmysuggestions.First，Iho

peourschoolwillHopemysuggestionswillbehelpful.Thanksforreadingmyletter!Yourssincerely，LiuBo【参考范文】DearHeadmaster，I’m

verygladtowritealettertoyou.Thesedayswearetalkingabouthowtohaveabetterschoollife.Herearesomeofmysugges

tions.First，Ihopeourschoolwillopenthelibrarymoreoften.Second，Ithinkourschoolcanorganizemoreafter-classactivities.NextIhopeou

rschoolwillgiveusmoretimeforsports，artandmusic.AndIsuggestourschoolshouldorganizefewerexamsaswell.Asforourteachers，Ihope

theywillbeourfriendsandmakeclassesmoreinteresting.Andiftheycantalklessbutmoreclearlyinclass，wewillbemoreinterestedinstudyingandhavemoreti

metopractice.What’smore，Ihopetheywillgiveuslesshomeworkandfinishclassesontime.Hopemysuggestionswillbehelpful.Thank

sforreadingmyletter!Yourssincerely，LiuBo能力提升Ⅰ.阅读理解AMostpeoplelookingforwaystoquitsmokingworryaboutweightga

in，andwithgoodreason.Smokerswhoquittendtopackonanaverageof5poundsaftertheystopsmokingcigarettes.Anewstudy，publishedbythejou

rnalScience，explainswhythishappens.Thenewresearchexplainsthatnicotineappearstocombinewithappetite-regulatingneurons(调节食

欲的神经元)inthebrain，besidesthereceptors(感受器)thatbringaboutaddiction.Theseneuronshelpregulatehowmuchfoodgetsc

onsumed，butundertheinfluenceofnicotine，theylosetheirself-control.Thisiswhywhensmokersquit，theytendtoeatmoreandga

inweight.Theresearchersbelievethattheirdiscoverywillleadtothedevelopmentofdrugsthataimatnicotinereceptorsonbraincellsthatcontrolappetite.Inthefuture

，weightgainmaynolongerbeareasonforsmokerstodelaythedecisiontokickthehabit，butthat’snoreasontowait.Nicot

ine-replacementtreatment，whilenotforeveryone，canhelp.Hereareafewmorewaystoquitsmokingandstayslim.Drinkwater.Toimprovemetabolic(新陈代谢的)rates

whichishelpfulinlosingweight，makehalfofthoseglassesicewater.Juicecanbetoohighincalories，somethingyou’llwanttokeepan

eyeonyourjourneytowardbeingaslimmernon-smoker.Planyoursnacks.Healthysnackshelpkeepyourmetabolismworking，soyoucontinuetoburncalorieswhilestoppingw

ildhungerpain，orfakehunger.Keepmoving.Exercisekillstwobirdswithonestone.Ithelpsyouburncaloriesandpreventsyoufromeatingwh

enyou’renottrulyhungry.It’salsoafeel-goodstressreliever(缓解物).Focusonyourfitnessandhowbeinghealthymakesyouf

eel.Makeexerciseagoalandthinkofquittingasyourrewardforbeingphysicallyfit.【语篇解读】为什么戒烟后人会发胖？该如何应对戒烟后发胖的问题呢？1.Whichofthefollowingchangespeople’sappetite

accordingtothenewresearch?A.Nicotine.B.Appetite-regulatingneurons.C.Thereceptorsthatbringaboutaddiction.D.Thefoodthathasbeen

consumed.【答案】A推理判断题。根据第二段可知，在尼古丁的作用下，调节食欲的神经元失控，故归根结底，是尼古丁“改变”了人们的食欲。2.Theauthorbelievesthat________.A.icewatercanimpro

vemetabolicratesB.smokersshouldeatfewersnackstokeepslimC.stresscanleadtofakehungerD.exercisecanhelpone

eatless【答案】A细节理解题。由文章倒数第三段“Toimprovemetabolic(新陈代谢的)rates...icewater.”可知，A项正确。3.Accordingtothepassage，wecaninferthat________.A.exercise

helpsyouburncaloriesandmakesyounotwanttoeatB.speedingupmetabolicratesishelpfultoloseweightC.itisnicotinethatre

gulateshowmuchfoodgetsconsumedD.drinkingwaterisgoodtoreducethestress【答案】B推理判断题。由第四段第二句可知，加快新陈代谢的速度可以帮助减轻体重，故B项正确。4.The

purposeofthetextis________.A.tointroducetheresultofanewstudyB.toexplainthereasonwhysmokersbecomeslimC.toprovethepossibilityofbeing

aslimnon-smokerD.totelluswaystoquitsmokingwithoutgainingweight【答案】D主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章从一项新的研究成果谈起，分析了戒烟后体

重增加的生理原因，并重点介绍了几种应对方法。故选D项。BPeoplewhokeepdoingsomeworkintheirfieldaftertheyretiremayenjoybetterphysicalandmental

healththanthosewhostopworkingcompletelyorswitchtoanotherareaofwork，accordingtoaU.S.study.Researchersfro

mtheUniversityofMarylandsaidthatthefindingssuggestthatprospectiveretireesshouldconsidermovingintoso-called“bridgeemployment”asatransition(过渡)to

fullretirement.Fortheirstudy，Wangandhiscolleaguesuseddataonmorethan12，000workersinaU.S.healthstudybegunin1992.Overall，Wang’stea

mfoundthatpeoplewhowentintosomeformofbridgeemploymentwerereportedtohavelowerratesofmajordiseaseslikehighbloodpressure，heart

disease，diabetes(糖尿病)andarthritis(关节炎)duringthestudyperiodthantheircounterpartswhowentstraightintofullretirement.Ontopoftheirbetterphysica

lhealth，“bridge”workersalsotendedtohavefewermentalhealthproblems，suchasdepression.Thesamementalhealthben

efitswerenotseen，however，whenretireestookpart-timeworkinotherfields—possibly，Wangsaid，becausemanyofthesepeoplemayhavetakenthosejobsou

toffinancialneedratherthanchoice.Henotedthatthelackofbenefitcouldalsostemfromthefactthattheseretireeshadtoadjusttoanunfamiliarjobpositionorhadtoma

kelifestylechanges.Bridgework，particularlyinone’saccustomedfield，maybenefitphysicalandmentalhealthforanumberofreasons，accordingtoWa

ng.Ingeneral，heexplained，suchworkmayhelpolderadultsmaintaintheactivelifestylestheyhadduringtheircareersanddecreaseanystresstheymightfeelfromth

etransitionintoretirement.Wangsaid，“Whenitcomestomentalhealth，forinstance，bridgeworkmayhelpbyallowingpeopletokeepsomeofth

e‘roleidentity’thattheyhaveformedovertheircareers.”Stayingactiveingeneral，notonlythroughwork，canalsobenefitretirees

’physicalhealth，Wangnoted.Headded，however，thatanymentalhealthbenefitsarelikelytodependonthetypeofactivity—whetheritissomethi

ngthatthepersontrulyenjoys，andthatitwillhelpeaseanystressofmovingintoretirement.【语篇解读】研究表明退休人员继续从事一份过渡性的工作，尤其是在自己熟悉的领域，有益于身心健康。5.Whenretire

estakepart-timejobsinunfamiliarfields，theywill________.A.belesslikelytohavediseasesthanthosewhodon’ttakeanyjobB.benefitasmuchasth

osewhotakeajobintheaccustomedfieldsC.benefitnomorethanthosewhogostraightintofullretirementD.benefitmuchi

ntheirmentalhealth【答案】A细节理解题。根据第二段第二句可知，退休人员跨领域继续工作比不工作的人患病概率低。6.Whichofthefollowingisnotapossiblereasonwh

ytheretireeswhotookjobsinotherfieldsbenefitedlessinmentalhealth?A.Theytooktheirjobsoutofearningmoney.B.Theywerenotaccustomedtoth

enewjob.C.Theyhadtoadjusttheirlifestyle.D.Theyregrettedhavingmadeawrongchoice.【答案】D细节理解题。第三段指出，跨领域从事过渡性工作的退休人员在心理健康方面受益并不明显，这是因为他

们从事工作大多出于经济原因，他们不得不调整生活方式，适应新的工作。7.Whatwouldbethebesttitleofthetext?A.WorkingafterretirementcanbegoodforyourhealthB.Howtokeephealthyafter

retirement?C.ThewaysoffindingbridgeworkD.Thebestwaytorelax【答案】A标题归纳题。综合分析文章内容可知A项最符合文章主旨。8.Whichofthefollowingistrueof“bridgework”？A.

Itmustbeapart-timejob.B.Itcanbelongtotheretirees’unfamiliarfield.C.Itcancertainlybringcomforttoretireesinmentality.D.Itcan

’thelptoeasethestresstheretireesmightfeel.【答案】B细节理解题。过渡性工作是指退休人员退休后从事的工作，也包括跨领域的工作。CIt’stoughtoconnectwithnatureatthistime

ofyear.Yourdaysarespentunderartificiallightsinaroom，whilethelastofautumn’sflowersarehiddenbeneathpile

soffallenleaves.NDD，ornaturedeficit(不足)disorder，hasbecomehotlately.Althoughit’snotarecognizedmedicalcondition，c

oncernsaboutitseffectsonhealthareattractingwidespreadattention.“Iguessit’sasymptomofthecurrentlifestyle，”saysDrRossCameronof

SheffieldUniversity.“We’resoabsorbedinmoderntechnologyandthingsthatwe’relessobservantoftheworldaroundusandwe’remorelikelytolearnaboutwildlifefromthe

mediathanfromawalkinthewoods.”RichardLouvcoinedthephrase“naturedeficitdisorder”inhisbookLastChildint

heWoods.Hearguesthatallofus，especiallychildren，arespendingmoretimeindoors，whichmakesusseparatefromnature.Dr

Camerongavehisviewsonthesubjectinalecturethismonth.“Thephrasehasbeenusedtodescribethethingwhereweusedtohavenaturalprocessesandnaturalex

perienceinourlife，andthatseemstobebecominglesscommon，”hesaid.“Anygreenenvironment—frompotplantstoweeds—c

anprovidegreenspacethatattractswildlifeandexposespeopletothebenefitsofthenaturalworld.Andifwedon’texperiencenaturalplaces，thiscanbebadforo

urmentalhealth.”“Asbiologicalbeingsweareadaptedtobeinacertaingreenenvironment—torun，toplay，tohuntandtobeactivebasically，”saidDrCame

ron，“Therealityiswetendtositformostoftheday.”【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了自然缺失症对人身心健康的危害及应对措施。9.WhatisthecommonconcernaboutNDD?A.Howtoconnectwithnature.B.Whattod

owithfallenleaves.C.Howitaffectspeople’shealth.D.Whatthelatesthotwordactuallyis.【答案】C细节理解题。根据第二段中的“concernsa

boutitseffectsonhealthareattractingwidespreadattention”可知，引起人们广泛担忧的是自然缺失症对健康的影响。故正确答案为C。10.Whichofthefollowing

canreplacetheunderlinedword“coined”inParagraph4?A.Created.B.Repeated.C.Hid.D.Observed.【答案】A词义猜测题。根据语境可知，这句话的意思是“在《林间最后的小孩》一书

中，RichardLouv创造出了这一短语——自然缺失症”。故正确答案为A。11.WhatdidDrCameronsuggestdoinginthetext?A.GivingourownviewsonNDD.B.Bringingnaturebackintoourlife.C.Sittingi

naroomformostoftheday.D.Providingabetterenvironmentforwildlife.【答案】B推理判断题。根据最后两段内容可知，自然缺失症对人的健康有害，所以我们应该多接触绿色的自然世界，而不是久坐在室内。故正确答案为B。Ⅱ

.七选五Haveyoueverhadtimesquestioningyourselfandfeelingdiscouraged?Ifyouansweryes，whatyou’veexperiencedisnegativ

eself-talk.__1__.Yousaytoyourselfuntruethingslike，“I’mnotgoodenough.I’madisappointment.”Thesefalsebeliefsstopusinourtracks.S

o，howdoyoustopthenegativeself-talk?·__2__Knowyou’respecial.Youare“OneofaKind”！Thereisnootherpersonthatthinksexactlylikeyou.Whenyoubegintosincere

lybelievehowspecialyouare，it’seasiertofightthenegativeself-talk.·ChangeyourassociationsYournegativeself-ta

lkcomesfromyourenvironment.Youdidn’tjustaccidentallywakeuponedaythinkingofbadthingsaboutyourself.Itmaybebecausesomeone，so

mewhereinyourlife，hastoldyounegativethingsaboutyouandwhetheryouacceptitornot，youbelievethem.However，ifyousurroundyourselfwiththerightpeople

，theywillbuildyouup，inspireyouandmakeyoufeelbetter.__3__.·ChangeyourdialogueReadandsayallthewonderfulthingsaboutyourselfatleast5timesperday.Lookat

yourselfinthemirrorandsay，“Iamamazing！”__4__，andyou’llbelieveyouareawesomeprettysoon.Ofcourse，thereareotherthingstostopnegative

self-talk.__5__，butifyouaredeterminedtothinkpositivelyineverysituation，thatwillbringapositivechangeinyou

rlife.A.ThinkthesamewayB.ChangeisnoteasyC.ChangeyourpositionD.ItbeginsinyourbrainE.Changeyourstateofmind

F.You’llseekouttherightpeopletohelpchangeyourthoughtsG.You’llstarttobelievethegreatthingstheytellyoulittlebylittle【语篇解读】本文是说明文，

主要介绍了如何停止消极的自我对话。1.【答案】D空前一句是说如果你的答案是肯定的，那么你所经历的就是消极的自我对话。空后是说你对自己说一些不真实的情况，由此可推知，D项“它始于你的大脑”衔接上下文，符合语境。2.【

答案】E根据文章结构和空处所处位置可知，空处为本段的小标题。本段内容都是在描述一个人好的心态的表现，故E项“改变你的心态”最能概括本段内容。3.【答案】G根据空前一句“然而，如果你结交了正确的人，他们会让你振作起来，激励你，让你感觉更好”可知，G

项“你会开始逐渐地相信他们告诉你的美好的事情”衔接上文，符合语境。4.【答案】A空前一句是说看着镜子中的自己对自己说“我太棒了”，空后是说你很快就会相信你很棒，由此可知A项符合语境。5.【答案】B空后表示“但如果你决心在任何情况下都积极思考

，这将给你的生活带来积极的改变”。其中but为表转折意义的提示词，故B项“改变并不容易”符合语境，衔接下文。