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练习15阅读理解＋应用文写作Ⅰ.阅读理解A2021·全国乙卷记叙文268词★★★☆☆You'veheardthatplasticispollutingtheoceans—between4.8and12.7milliontonnesenteroceanecosystemseveryyear.Butd

oesoneplasticstraworcupreallymakeadifference?ArtistBenjaminVonWongwantsyoutoknowthatitdoes.Hebuildsmassivesculpturesoutofplast

icgarbage,forcingviewerstore­examinetheirrelationshiptosingle­useplasticproducts.Atthebeginningoftheyear,theartistbuiltapiececalled“Strawpo

calypse，”apairof10­foot­tallplasticwaves,frozenmid­crash.Madeof168，000plasticstrawscollectedfromseveralvolunteerbeachcleanups,thesculp

turemadeitsfirstappearanceattheEstellaPlaceshoppingcenterinHoChiMinhCity,Vietnam.Just9%ofglobalplasticwasteisrecycled.Plasticstrawsarebynomeansth

ebiggestsource(来源)ofplasticpollution,butthey'verecentlycomeunderfirebecausemostpeopledon'tneedthemtodrinkwithand,becauseoftheirsmallsizea

ndweight,theycannotberecycled.Everystrawthat'spartofVonWong'sartworklikelycamefromadrinkthatsomeoneusedforonlyafewminutes.Oncethedrinkisgone,the

strawwilltakecenturiestodisappear.Inapiecefrom2018,VonWongwantedtoillustrate(说明)aspecificstatistic:Every60seconds,atruckload'sworthofpl

asticenterstheocean.Forthiswork,titled“TruckloadofPlastic，”VonWongandagroupofvolunteerscollectedmorethan10，000piece

sofplastic,whichwerethentiedtogethertolooklikethey'dbeendumped(倾倒)fromatruckallatonce.VonWonghopesthathisworkwilla

lsohelppressurebigcompaniestoreducetheirplasticfootprint.1．WhatareVonWong'sartworksintendedfor?A．Beautifyingthecityhelivesin.B．Introducing

eco­friendlyproducts.C．Drawingpublicattentiontoplasticwaste.D．Reducinggarbageonthebeach.2．Whydoestheauthordiscuss

plasticstrawsinParagraph3?A．Toshowthedifficultyoftheirrecycling.B．Toexplainwhytheyareuseful.C．Tovoicehisviewsonmodernart.D．Tofindasubstituteforth

em.3．Whateffectwould“TruckloadofPlastic”haveonviewers?A．Calming.B．Disturbing.C．Refreshing.D．Challenging.4．Whic

hofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．Artists'OpinionsonPlasticSafetyB．MediaInterestinContemporaryAr

tC．ResponsibilityDemandedofBigCompaniesD．OceanPlasticsTransformedintoSculpturesB2023·全国甲卷说明文285词★★☆☆☆Iwasabout13whena

nunclegavemeacopyofJosteinGaarder'sSophie'sWorld.Itwasfullofideasthatwerenewtome,soIspentthesummerwithmyheadinandoutofthatbook.Itspoketomeandbroughtm

eintoaworldofphilosophy(哲学).ThatloveforphilosophylasteduntilIgottocollege.Nothingkillstheloveforphilosophyfasterthanpeoplewhothinktheyun

derstandFoucault,Baudrillard,orConfuciusbetterthanyou—andthentrytoexplainthem.EricWeiner'sTheSocratesExpress:InSearchofLifeLessonsf

romDeadPhilosophersreawakenedmyloveforphilosophy.Itisnotanexplanation,butaninvitationtothinkandexperiencephilosop

hy.Weinerstartseachchapterwithasceneonatrainridebetweencitiesandthenframeseachphilosopher'sworkinthecontext(背景)ofonethingtheycanhelpusdobetter.

TheendresultisareadinwhichwelearntowonderlikeSocrates,seelikeThoreau,listenlikeSchopenhauer,andhavenoregretslikeNietzsche

.This,morethanabookaboutunderstandingphilosophy,isabookaboutlearningtousephilosophytoimprovealife.Hemakesphilosophicalthoughtanappealingexerc

isethatimprovesthequalityofourexperiences,andhedoessowithplentyofhumor.Weinerentersintoconversationwithsomeofthemostimportantphilosophe

rsinhistory,andhebecomespartofthatcrowdintheprocessbydecoding(解读)theirmessagesandaddinghisowninterpretation.TheSocra

tesExpressisafun,sharpbookthatdrawsreadersinwithitsapparentsimplicityandgraduallypullsthemindeeperth

oughtsondesire,loneliness,andaging.Theinvitationisclear:Weinerwantsyoutopickupacoffeeorteaandsitdownwiththisbook.Iencourageyoutotake

hisoffer.It'sworthyourtime,eveniftimeissomethingwedon'thavealotof.5．Whoopenedthedoortophilosophyfortheauthor?A．Foucault.B．EricWeiner.C．Joste

inGaarder.D．Acollegeteacher.6．WhydoestheauthorlistgreatphilosophersinParagraph4?A．TocompareWeinerwiththem.B．Togiveexamplesofgreatworks.C．

Topraisetheirwritingskills.D．TohelpreadersunderstandWeiner'sbook.7．WhatdoestheauthorlikeaboutTheSocratesExp

ress?A．Itsviewsonhistoryarewell­presented.B．Itsideascanbeappliedtodailylife.C．Itincludescommentsfrom

readers.D．Itleavesanopenending.8．WhatdoestheauthorthinkofWeiner'sbook?A．Objectiveandplain.B．Daringandambitious.C．Seriousandhard

tofollow.D．Humorousandstraightforward.Ⅱ.应用文写作[2023·山东省潍坊市高三期末]假定你是李华，得知在你校交流学习的新西兰朋友Oliver对中国菜很感兴趣。请你给他写封邮件，内容包括：1．邀请他周

日到你家做客；2．教他做一道中国菜。注意：1.词数80左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。______________________________________________________

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