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姓名班级考号密○封○装○订○线密○封○装○订○线密封线内不要答题UNIT3SEAEXPLORATION全卷满分120分考试用时100分钟第一部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分

)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。APeoplearealwaysfullofimaginationaboutthedeepandmysterioussea.However,thewa

tersknownastheseaarenotalltheendlessseasaswethink,butmaybebeautifulormagnificentlakes.TheAralSeaTheAralSeaisaninlandlakethatl

iestothenorthofUzbekistanandtothesouthofKazakhstan.Itsnameliterallymeans“theseaofislands”intheTurkiclanguages.Thus,itsnamereferstothemanyislandsth

atdotteditinthepast.AlthoughtheAralSeaoccupiedavastareaofabout68,000squarekmforalongperiodoftime,it’sbelieved

tobelessthan10%ofitsoriginalsize.TheCaspianSeaTheCaspianSeaisalsoaninlandlake.Oftenregardedasthelargestlakeintheworld,theCaspianSeai

slocatedbetweenthecontinentsofAsiaandEurope.TheCaspianSeaisanenclosedwaterbody.Itiscalledthe“sea”probablybecause

ofitsmassivesizeofabout386,400squarekmanditssaltiness.TheSaltonSeaLocatedinCalifornia,theUS,theSaltonSeaisariftlaket

hatissaline(咸的)innature.Severalrivers,creeks,agriculturalrunoff,anddrainagesystemsfeedthislake.TheSaltonSeaencompassesanar

eaofabout890squarekm,makingitthelargestlakeinCalifornia.TheSeaofGalileeTheSeaofGalileeisafreshwaterlakewith“sea”initsname.Itoccupiesa

nareaof166squarekminIsrael.Itisthesecond⁃lowestlakeintheworldaftertheDeadSeawiththesurfaceelevation(海拔)of430.5m

etresbelowsealevel.TheJordanRiveristheprimarysourceofwaterfortheSeaofGalilee.Undergroundspringsalsofeedwaterintothelake.1.Whichisthesecondlargesto

fthefourlakes?A.TheAralSea.B.TheCaspianSea.C.TheSaltonSea.D.TheSeaofGalilee.2.Accordingtothetext,whichofthefollowingisTRUE?A.TheAralSeabelo

ngstoTurkey.B.ThelocationoftheSaltonSeaisCalifornia,theUS.C.TheCaspianSeaislocatedbetweenthecontinentsofA

fricaandEurope.D.TheprimarysourceofwaterfortheSeaofGalileeistheundergroundspring.3.Whoisprobablyinterestedinthistext?A.Astudentwhomajor

sinhistory.B.Someonethatresearchesbiology.C.Apersonwholikesgeography.D.Aboywholovessurfing.BMalloryHaskesurfsnearlyeverydayinthe

summer,anditreallyannoyshertoseetrashinthewateroronthebeach.SowhenherhighschoolEnglishteacherassignedapassionproject,Haskecameupwithacreativeidea

thatconnectedsurfingandtrash.Shecollectedlitteronthebeachandusedittocreateasurfboardinanefforttoraisepeople’sawarenessaboutoceanpollution.“The

feelingofcatchingawaveisfantastic.It’ssuchamentalrelease,”saidHaske,standingonthebeachwaxing(给……打蜡)hernewlyfinishedtrashboard.“Ir

eallyhopeitfloats.”密○封○装○订○线密○封○装○订○线密封线内不要答题HerteacherassignedtheprojectmonthsagoandwassurprisedtoseehowHaske

’senthusiasmaboutitgrewthroughouttheschoolyear.“Noteverystudentfoundherpassion,butshedid,”saidtheteacher.“I’msuperproudofher.”Overthewi

nter,Haske,whowouldgraduatesoon,collectedlitterincludingcigarettebutts,bottlecaps,fast⁃foodcontainers

andmasksalongtheresortareabeach.“Itwasdefinitelyauniquechallenge,”Haskesaid.Shelandedasponsorandraisedmoneyfromfriendstocr

eatethesurfboard,whichcostabout$1,000.Hasketookcustomordersandhelpedpeoplebuildtheirownsurfboards.Makingoneoutoftrashwasafirstforher.

Nearlytheentireboardwasmadefromrecycledmaterialandlitter.OnTuesdayafterschool,Haskewentoutandattemptedtorideaw

aveonhernewboard,butthemostlyflatconditionsmadeitdifficult.Thenoseofthesurfboardmadebyherselfkeptgoingunderthewater,but

Haskestayedupbeat.“It’sprettyheavyupfront,butit’sgoingtobemybestfriend,”Haskesaidaftercomingoutofthewater.“It’smadeforlargewaves.”4.Whyd

idHaskemakethesurfboard?A.Toputtrashtothebestuse.B.Totakeasurfingcompetition.C.Topursueherpassionforsurfing.D.Todrawpeople’sattentiontooceanpoll

ution.5.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeHaske?A.Proudandreliable.B.Responsibleandinnovative.C.Toughandfaithful.D.Imaginativeanddespe

rate.6.HowdidHaskemakethesurfboard?A.Withthehelpofenvironmentalists.B.Bycooperatingwithherparents.C.Byus

ingthetrashcollectedfromthebeach.D.Undertheguidanceofherteacher.7.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“upbeat”inthelastp

aragraphprobablymean?A.Optimistic.B.Cautious.C.Peaceful.D.Discouraged.CScientistshavediscoveredtheworld’slargestknownfieldofseagrass.Theydiditusingv

ideosshotbysomeunusualhelpers—tigersharks.Theworkhelpsprotecttheseagrass,andalsoshowsapowerfulwaytoexploretheocean.Seagrassisafloweringplanttha

tnormallygrowsinshallowwatersnearcoasts.Itgrowsinthickfields,knownasmeadows(草甸).Seagrassmeadowshelpcle

antheocean’swater,andprovidefoodandshelterformanyseacreatures.Importantly,seagrassmeadowsalsohelpinthefightagainsttheclimatecrisis.That’sbecauseth

eystorehugeamountsofcarbon—theharmfulpollutionthat’smakingglobalwarmingworse.Damagingtheseseagrassmeadowscanreleasethispollutionaga

in,soit’simportanttoprotectthem.Thoughthey’reveryimportant,scientistsdon’thaveagoodideaofthesizeandnumberoftheworld’sseagrassmeadows.Froma

bove,themeadowscanbehardtospot,becausethewateriseithertoodeepornotclearenough.Andtheoceanissohugethatit’ssimplynotpossibletostudythemallb

ydiving.Soateamofscientistsdecidedtohavesharkshelpwiththeresearch.Tigersharksarehuge,stronganddeadly.Theyalsoliveunderwater,arefastswimmersands

pendalotoftimeinseagrassmeadows.Between2016and2020,ateamofresearchersattachedcamerasandothertrackerstoseventigersharks

.Aftercatchingthesharks,scientistsworkedquicklytoattachtheequipmentandthenletthemgoagain.Thecamerasweredesignedtofallo

ffafterafewhoursandfloattothesurface.Trackingsignalshelpedthescientistsfindthefloatingcamerasandcollectthevideosthes

harkshadtaken.Thescientistswereleftwithhoursofvideostakenasthesharkstraveledformilesovertheseafloor.姓名班级考号密○封○装○订○线密○封○装○订○线密封线内不要答题8.What

benefitcanthescientists’discoverybring?A.Expandingthelargestseagrassmeadows.B.Reducingtheoceanpollution.C.H

elpingprotecttheseagrassmeadows.D.Improvingtigersharks’livingenvironment.9.Whycanseagrassmeadowsfightagainsttheclimatecrisis?A.Theycleandirtywa

ter.B.Theyproducemanyseacreatures.C.Theyreleasehugeamountsofoxygen.D.Theystorelargeamountsofcarbon.10.Whatcanbeinfe

rredfromtheresearch?A.Tigersharksplayedacriticalpart.B.Theresearchersraisedseveraltigersharks.C.Theres

earchersfoundthecamerasinthedeepsea.D.Tigersharksneedsomedaystoexplorewithcameras.11.Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A.SharksHelpFightA

gainsttheClimateCrisisB.TigerSharksHelpScientistsMapSeagrassMeadowsC.ANewTechnologyContributesaLottoOceanProtectionD.Resea

rchersFoundaLargestSharkintheOceanExplorationDEscapingpredators(食肉动物),digestionandotheranimalactivities—includingthoseofhumans—requireoxygen.Butt

hatessentialingredientisnolongersoeasyformarinelifetoobtain,severalnewstudiesreveal.Inthepastdecadeoceanoxygenlevelshavetakenadi

ve—analarmingtrendthatislinkedtoclimatechange,saysAndreasOschlies,anoceanographerattheGEOMARHelmholtzCentreforOceanResearchK

ielinGermany,whoseteamtracksoceanoxygenlevelsworldwide.“Wearesurprisedbytheintensityofthechangeswesee,howrapidlythecontentofoxygenisgoi

ngdownintheoceanandhowlargetheeffectsonthemarineecosystemare,”hesays.Itisnosurprisetoscientiststhatwarmingoceansarelosingoxygen,but

thescaleofthedropcallsforurgentattention.Oceanoxygenlevelsinsometropical(热带的)regionshavedroppedbyanastonishing40percen

tinthelast50years,somerecentstudiesreveal.Levelshavedroppedlesssignificantlyelsewhere,withanaveragelossof2percentglobal

ly.Awarmingoceanlosesoxygenfortworeasons.First,thewarmertheliquidbecomes,thelessgasitcanhold.Thatiswhycarbonatedd

rinksgoflatfasterwhenleftinthesun.Second,aspolarseaicemelts,itformsalayerofwaterabovethecolder,saltierseawater.Thisprocesscre

atesasortoflidthatcankeepcurrentsfrommixingsurfacewaterwiththewaterinthedepths.Andbecausealloxygenentersthe

surface,lessmixingmeanslessofitinthedepths.Oceananimals,largeandsmall,however,respondtoevenslightchangesinoxygenbyseekingrefuge(庇护)inzon

eswiththehigheroxygencontentorbyadjustingbehavior,Oschliesandothersinhisfieldhavefound.Theseadjustmentscanexposeanimalstonewpredatorsorforcethemin

tofood⁃scarceregions.Climatechangealreadyposesseriousproblemsformarinelife,suchasoceanacidification(酸化),bu

tdeoxygenation(脱氧)isthemostpressingissueseaanimalsfacetoday,Oschliessays.“Afterall,”hesays,“theyallhavetobreathe.”Asidefr

omfoodwebproblems,animalsfacevariousotherphysiologicalchallengesastheirbodiesadjusttoloweroxygenlevels.Ch

ineseshrimps(虾)movetheirtailslessvigorouslytopreserveenergyinloweroxygenenvironments.Somecreatures,suchas

jellyfishes,aremoretolerantofthelowoxygencontentthanothers.Butallanimalswillfeeltheimpactofdeoxygenationbecausetheyallhaveevolvedtheiroxygencap

acityforareason,saysOschlies.“Anydropintheoxygencontentisgoingtodamagesurvivabilityandperformance,”hesays.

12.Accordingtothefirsttwoparagraphs,whatworriesscientiststhemost?A.Theworseningdeoxygenationinthewarmingocean.B.Thesurvivalofpredatorsandvarious

othermarineanimals.C.Thealarminglychangeableoxygenlevelsintheocean.D.Thelackofattentiontothewarmingoftrop

icaloceans.密○封○装○订○线密○封○装○订○线密封线内不要答题13.Whichofthefollowingisareasonfortheoxygenlossintheocean?A.Themeltofthepolariceconsumesmuchoxygenintheoce

an.B.Globalwarmingreducestheamountofoxygenintheair.C.Thepolaricewateronthesurfacepreventsoxygengoingdown.D.Saltyw

aterholdslessgasintheincreasinglywarmerocean.14.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.Oceandeoxygenationchangessom

eanimals’naturalhabitats.B.Oceanacidificationisamoreseriousproblemthandeoxygenation.C.Notalloceananimalsaredisturbedbythedecreasingoxygenlevels.D.So

meanimalsreducetheirmovementsinordertoabsorbmoreoxygen.15.Wheredoesthepassagemostprobablycomefrom?A.Abiologytextbook.B.Arealisticnovel.C.Abookr

eview.D.Ascientificjournal.第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Aslongaswehavebe

enonearth,wehaveusedtheseaaroundus.Wetakethingsfromthesea,andweshouldgivethingstoit.Wetakefishfromthesea—millionsofkilog

ramsoffish,everyyear—tofeedbillionsofpeople.16Wetakemineralsfromthesea.Onewaytogetsaltistoplaceseawaterinashal

lowbasinandleaveituntilitevaporates(蒸发).17Muchgoldandsilverdissolve(溶解)inthewaterofthesea,too.Butthes

eadoesnotgivethemupbysimpleevaporation.Othergiftsfromtheseaarepearls,spongesandseaweed.Pearlsbecomejewelry.

18Seaweedbecomesmanykindsoffoods—evencandyandicecream—aswellasmedicine.Believeitornot,freshwaterisanothergiftfromthesea.Wecannotdrinkseawate

r.19Butseawaterbecomesfreshwaterwhenthesaltandotherimpuritiesareremoved.Inthefuture,wewillfindourselvesdependingmor

eandmoreonfreshwaterfromthesea.Theseagivesusfood,fertilizer,minerals,water,andothergifts.Whatdowegivetothesea?Garbage.20Huge

asitis,theseacannotholdallthewastewaterthatwepourintoit.Dumpinggarbageintotheseaiskillingoffsealife.Yetastheworldpopulationgrows,wemayneedtheseaandi

tsgiftsmorethanever.Wearefinallylearningthatifwedestroyoursea,wemightalsodestroyourselves.Hopefully,itisnottoolate.A.Naturalspongesbeco

mecleaningaids.B.Wepollutetheseawhenweuseitasagarbagedump.C.Theareaoftheseaisbecomingsmallerandsmaller.D.Alongwithsalt,othermineralsareleftafterev

aporation.E.Weevenusetheirbonesforfertilizer.F.Someofitsingredientsmaycauseillness.G.Wetakealotfromtheseaandgivelitt

letothesea.16.17.18.19.20.第二部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Myjourneytoisola

tionwassomewhataccidental.Isawanadvertisementforajobasaleaderforanexpedition(探险)toAntarctica—andIhaveto21itwas

thepenguinintheadthat22myattention.Theadnotedthattheywerelookingforsomeonetoleada23ofexpeditionersinoneofthemost24andisolatedplaceson

theplanet.Itookpartinan25andthengotajobthatIknewIwouldregretifIdidn’t26it.Leading18strangersforafullyear—th

roughmonthsofdarknessandwithno27fromthefreezingcold—Ilearnedsome28lessons.姓名班级考号密○封○装○订○线密○封○装○订○线密封线内不要答题Afterthe

journey,Iwrotetwobest⁃sellingbooksandbecameamotivationalspeaker.BeinginisolationmeantIhadtodolotsofself29.Ikepta30,andeverydayIwouldthink3

1ofhowIhadoperatedasaleader.Thatdisciplineof32myselftaughtmehowtotellrightfromwrong.Ioftenthinkbackto33Isawthepictureo

fthepenguinthat34metolookattheadforthejob.It’samomentthat35mylifecompletely.21.A.admitB.believeC.indicateD.realize22.A.demand

edB.deservedC.caughtD.needed23.A.kindB.sumC.teamD.piece24.A.awfulB.remoteC.promisingD.disturbing25.A.experimentB.interviewC.elect

ionD.investigation26.A.makeforB.prepareforC.registerforD.gofor27.A.escapeB.departureC.protectionD.direction28.A.hardB.powerfulC

.privateD.terrible29.A.serviceB.repairC.studyD.reflection30.A.petB.secretC.journalD.promise31.A.clearl

yB.carefullyC.highlyD.badly32.A.evaluatingB.forgivingC.behavingD.enjoying33.A.whereB.whyC.whenD.how34.A.enabl

edB.permittedC.allowedD.inspired35.A.improvedB.formedC.endedD.changed第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,在空白处

填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Deepbelowtheocean’ssurfaceisamysteriousworldthattakesup95%ofEarth’slivingspace.Butt

hedeepsearemains36(large)unexplored.Asyoudivedownthroughthisvastlivingspaceyouwillnoticethatlightstartsfadingrapidly.Thedeeperyoudive,the3

7(low)thetemperaturebecomes.At13,000feet,thetemperaturestaysaroundfreezingpoint,andthere’snosunlightatall.Yetthereislife—anastonishing38

(vary)ofcreaturesthatyou’llneverimagine.Youcan’tdiveintothedeepoceanonyourown,ofcourse.Butscientistsnowhavelotsofadva

ncedandcomplicatedtechnologies39(explore)thevastdeepsea.It’shardtoimaginethatthousandsoffascinatinganima

lshaveadaptedtolifeinthis40(challenge)environment.Manyofthemlookquitestrange.Somehavehugeeyeswhileotherssee

mtobeallmouths.Theirjaws—oftenfilledwithsharpteeth—41(be)alwaysopen.TheCensusofMarineLifeisaninternationalproject,42record

sthediversity,distribution,43abundanceofmarinelife.Theresearchershavediscoveredmorethan5,000newspeciessofar.Thedataandin

formation44(collect)bytheCensus—30millionrecordsand2,600paperscontributed45thescientificliterature—willserveasabaselineinthecomingyears.3

6.37.38.39.40.41.42.43.44.45.第三部分写作(共两节,满分40分)第一节(满分15分)假定你是李华,上周六你校在图书馆举办了一场学生英语演讲比赛,主题为“是否应该进行海洋探索”。现在请你为校

英文报写一篇报道,内容包括:1.参赛对象;密○封○装○订○线密○封○装○订○线密封线内不要答题2.比赛情况;3.比赛意义。注意:1.写作词数应为80左右;2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。AnEnglishSpeechContestonO

ceanExploration第二节(满分25分)阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。Rafaelismyparents’friendwhoownsabakerywiththeyummiest(最美味的)treatsimaginable.He

happenedtostopbywhenmyfriendsMareyaandDaniel,mylittlesisterIndiandIweredrawingwithchalkinfrontofmyhouse.Hesa

idourdrawingswerecool,tryingnottosteponthemashewalkedtowardthedoortofindmydad.Weexpressedourthanksandcontinuedtodraw.Alittlewhilelater

,whenhecamebackoutwithmydad,Rafaelsaidhehadbeenthinkingaboutourwonderfuldrawings,andthathe’dreallyloveourhelp.Hewasgoingtosell

cookies,andtheprofitswouldgotoanorganizationthatworkedtosavetherainforests.Whenaskedifhewantedustohelptastethecookies,Rafaellaughedandsaid,“Ofcourse.

”Buthesaidhealsoneededsomeartworkforthebags.Hewonderedifwewouldbeupformakingsomesketches(草图)onpaperthathecouldco

nsiderforthelabel.Wesaidyesrightaway.Imean,whowouldn’twanttohelptherainforests—andsamplesomeofRafael’sdeliciouscookies?Rafaelh

adtoleaveforameetingbutpromisedtobebackbyfouro’clock.“Don’tworryaboutmakingthepicturesperfect,”hesaidasheleft.“Justhavefundrawing.”Afterwereadalittl

ebitabouttherainforests,mymomhelpedgetussetupwithartsuppliesandbackgroundmusic.Andawaywedrew!Finally,aboutfiveminutesbeforefouro’clock,wedecided

tostopandlookatoneanother’swork.Toourgreatsurprise,Danielmadeanincredibledrawing.Whenaskedwhyhenever

toldusthathecoulddrawlikethat,Danieljustsmiled.Hesaidhewasgladwelikeditandthathethoughtallofourswerereallyawesometoo.注意:续写词数应为150左右。Pa

ragraph1:Ilikedmydrawing,butaftercomparingitwithDaniel’smasterpiece,Ifeltliketheworsteverartist.Paragraph2:WhenIlookedcloselyateveryone’sart,Icoul

dseewhatRafaelmeant.姓名班级考号密○封○装○订○线密○封○装○订○线密封线内不要答题密○封○装○订○线密○封○装○订○线密封线内不要答题UNIT3SEAEXPLORATION1.A2.B3.C4.D5.B6.C7.A8.C9.D10.A11.B12.A13.

C14.A15.D16.E17.D18.A19.F20.B21.A22.C23.C24.B25.B26.D27.A28.B29.D30.C31.B32.A33.C34.D35.D36.largely37.low

er38.variety39.toexplore40.challenging41.are42.which43.and44.collected45.to第一部分阅读第一节A◎语篇解读本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了

几个被称为海洋的湖泊。1.A细节理解题。根据TheAralSea中的“avastareaofabout68,000...itsoriginalsize”可知,咸海的面积不到68,000平方千米的10%,也就是说它的面积不到6,800平方千米;又根据TheCaspianSea中的“size

ofabout386,400squarekm”、TheSaltonSea中的“anareaofabout890squarekm”和TheSeaofGalilee中的“anareaof166squarekm”可知,面积第二大的是

咸海(TheAralSea)。故选A。2.B细节理解题。根据TheSaltonSea中的“LocatedinCalifornia,theUS...innature.”可知,索尔顿湖位于美国加利福尼亚州。故选B。3.C推理判断题。根据第一段中的“How

ever,thewatersknownastheseaarenotalltheendlessseas...magnificentlakes.”以及下文介绍的几个被称为海洋的湖泊可知,本文介绍的是地理方面的知识,故可推断出喜欢地理的人会对该文章感兴趣。故选C。B◎语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述

了MalloryHaske利用从海边捡的垃圾来制作冲浪板,并借此提醒人们注意保护海洋的故事。4.D细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知,Haske收集海滩上的垃圾制作冲浪板是想提高人们对海洋污染的认识。故选D。5.B推理判断题。第一段最后一句“因此,当她的高中英语老师布置

了一个热情项目时,Haske想出了一个创造性的想法,将冲浪和垃圾联系在一起。”说明她有创意。第二段第一句“她收集了海滩上的垃圾,并用它制作了一个冲浪板,以提高人们对海洋污染的认识。”说明Haske注意海

洋环境保护,是一个有责任心的人。故选B。A.自豪的和可靠的;C.严厉的和忠诚的;D.富有想象力的和不顾一切的。6.C细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“整个冬天,即将毕业的Haske在度假区的海滩上收集垃圾,包括烟头、瓶盖、快餐容器和口罩。”和第五段最后一句“几乎整个冲浪

板都是由回收材料和垃圾制成的。”可知,Haske的冲浪板是由她在海边捡到的垃圾制作成的。故选C。7.A词义猜测题。通过画线词所在句及后面一句“她自己做的冲浪板的前端一直在水下,但Haske保持upbeat。Haske从水里出来后说:‘它的前面很沉,但它将

成为我最好的朋友。它是为大浪而制作的。’”可知,虽然冲浪板不太好用,前端无法翘出水面,但Haske依旧很喜欢这块冲浪板,认为它适合在有大浪时使用,结合四个选项可猜测upbeat的意思是“乐观的,积极的”。故选A。

C◎语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了科学家利用虎鲨发现了世界上已知的最大的海草地,这也是一种有效的探索海洋的方式。8.C细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句中的“Theworkhelpsprotecttheseagrass”可知,科学家的发现能帮助保护海草。故选C。姓名班级考号密○封○

装○订○线密○封○装○订○线密封线内不要答题9.D细节理解题。根据第二段中的“That’sbecausetheystorehugeamountsofcarbon”可知,海草草甸可以对抗气候危机是因为它们储存了大量的

碳。故选D。10.A推理判断题。根据第四段可知科学家决定让虎鲨帮助他们进行研究,虎鲨体型巨大,强壮且致命,生活在水下,游动速度快,且长时间生活在海草草甸中。所以虎鲨是适合做这件事情的,在研究中起了关键作用。故选A。11.B主旨大意题。第一段点明了文章的主题:科学家利用一些

不寻常的帮手——虎鲨发现了世界上已知的最大的海草地。后面几段分别介绍了海草草甸的作用,选择虎鲨来协助研究的原因以及具体的研究方式。由此可知文章主要介绍了虎鲨帮助科学家绘制海草草甸地图。故选B。D◎语篇解读这是一篇说明文。文章指出,海洋氧含量下降是一个与气候变化相关的令人担忧

的趋势。12.A细节理解题。由第二段后三句可知,对于科学家来说,变暖的海洋正在失去氧气并不奇怪,但下降的幅度需要引起人们的注意。一些最近的研究表明,在过去的50年里,一些热带地区的海洋氧含量下降了惊人的40%,其他地区的降幅较小,全球平均降幅为2%。所以,科学家最担心的是变暖的海洋中日益

恶化的脱氧现象。故选A。13.C细节理解题。第三段说明了变暖的海洋缺氧的两点原因,分别是:一、液体温度越高,它能容纳的气体就越少;二、当极地海冰融化时,它会在更冷、更咸的海水上形成一层水。这个过程会形成一种类似盖子的

东西,它可以防止水流将表面的水与海洋深处的水混合。因为所有的氧气都进入表面,所以较少的混合就意味着海洋深处的氧含量更少。所以表面的极地冰水阻止氧气下沉是海洋缺氧的原因之一。故选C。14.A推理判断题。由第四段前两句可知,Oschlies和他所在领域的其他人发现,无论大

小,海洋动物对氧气的微小变化都有反应,它们在氧含量较高的区域寻求庇护或调整行为。这些调整可能使动物暴露在新的食肉动物面前,或迫使它们进入食物匮乏的地区。所以海洋氧含量减少迫使动物离开自己的栖息地,去氧气含量较高的地区寻求庇护。故推断

出海洋脱氧改变了一些动物的自然栖息地。故选A。15.D推理判断题。通读全文可知,文章说明了海洋氧含量下降是一个与气候变化有关的令人担忧的趋势,还说明了海洋氧含量下降的原因以及其对海洋生物的影响。所以文章主要是围绕着海洋氧含量下降而展开的,而这属于科学的范畴,所以可推测出该

文章很可能来自科学期刊。第二节◎语篇解读这是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了我们越来越依赖海洋的资源,但是我们却不断地污染海洋,作者希望人们减少海洋污染。16.E根据空前句可知,我们每年从海洋中捞取数百万千克的

鱼来养活数十亿人。由此推断空处讲述海洋中的鱼对人类的好处,故选E项。倒数第二段提到的fertilizer也是对此处的提示。17.D根据空前两句可知,人们从海洋中提取矿物,一种方式是通过蒸发海水获得盐,故D项承接上文关于从海水中获得盐的描述,符合题意。故选D。18.

A根据空前两句可知,来自海洋的其他礼物是珍珠、海绵和海藻。珍珠可以被制成珠宝,空后句说海藻可以被制成多种食物——甚至糖果和冰激凌——以及药品。故设空处应讲海绵的用途。结合选项,A项符合题意。故选A。19.F根据空前句可知,人

不能喝海水,而空后句表明去掉海水中的盐和其他杂质就能得到淡水。空处应该承接上文,讲喝海水的不良影响,F项符合题意。故选F。20.B本段主要讲述了人们对海洋的污染。根据空前两句可知,人们给海洋带来了垃圾,污染了海洋,B项承上启下,符合

题意。故选B。第二部分语言运用第一节◎语篇解读这是一篇记叙文,讲了作者带领探险队员去南极洲探险,度过了数月的严寒和黑暗。密○封○装○订○线密○封○装○订○线密封线内不要答题21.A根据最后一段中的“...Isawthepictureofthepenguinthat34metoloo

kattheadforthejob.”可知,作者看到企鹅的照片之后才看到工作的广告,由此可知,作者承认是招聘广告中的企鹅照片引起了他的注意。故选A。22.C根据最后一段中的“...metolookattheadforthejob.”可知,此处表示引起了“我”的注意。故选C。23.Ckind种类;s

um金额,总和;team队,组;piece块。根据第二段中的“Leading18strangers...”可知,18个人应为一队。故选C。24.B根据本段首句“Isawanadvertisementfo

rajobasaleaderforanexpedition(探险)toAntarctica...”可知,作者看到一则招聘南极洲探险领队的广告,而南极洲是地球上最偏远的地方之一。故选B。25.B根据上文的“Itookpartin”以及下

文的“andthengotajob”可知,作者参加了面试,然后得到了工作。故选B。26.D根据第三段的“Afterthejourney”可知,作者得到了这份去南极洲的工作。由此推断出“我知道如果我不去努力争取

,我会后悔的”。故选D。27.A根据上文“monthsofdarkness”可知,南极洲处于黑暗状态,是非常寒冷的,此处指无法摆脱寒冷。故选A。28.B根据第三段首句可知,探险归来后,作者成了一名励志演说

家。故作者在探险过程中,学到了一些有影响力的教训。故选B。29.D根据下文的“everydayIwouldthink31ofhowIhadoperatedasaleader”可知,与外界隔绝意味着作者必须做大量的自我反省。故选D。30.C上文提及作者

探险归来后,写了两本畅销书并成了一名励志演说家,在与外界隔绝期间做了大量的自我反省。根据下文“andeverydayIwouldthink...asaleader”可知,作者每天都会进行自我反省。所以这里用kept

ajournal表示“写日记”,符合语境。故选C。31.B根据下文的“howIhadoperatedasaleader”可知,作为探险队的领队,作者每天都要仔细地思考自己的所作所为。故选B。32.A上文提到作者在探

险中做大量的自我反思以及写日记,这些工作有利于作者自我评价。故选A。33.C根据下文的“It’samoment”可知,作者回忆的是看到招聘广告的那个时候。故选C。34.D第二段提及作者承认是广告中企鹅的照片吸引了他的注意。由此推断出广告上的企鹅

图片激发了作者对招聘广告的兴趣。故选D。35.D根据文章开头,作者完全是因为偶然看到了那则招聘广告,然后才踏上探险之旅。作者探险归来后,写了两本畅销书并成了一名励志演说家。所以就在看到广告的那一刻,作者的生活彻底地改变了。故选D。第二节◎语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章主

要介绍了针对海洋深处的世界的探索发现。36.largely考查副词。设空处后是形容词,所以用副词作状语,修饰形容词unexplored。故填largely,表示“在很大程度上,主要地”。句意:但是深海在很大程度上仍没有被探索。37.lower考查形容词的比较级。此处构成“the+比

较级...,the+比较级...”的句型,意为“越……,就越……”。根据Thedeeper可知,这里填lower。句意:你潜得越深,温度就变得越低。38.variety考查名词。avarietyof为固定搭配,意为“各种各样的”。故填variety。39.toexplore考查不定式。句意:但

科学家们现在有很多先进而复杂的技术来探索广阔的深海。根据句意可知,此处是动词不定式短语作定语。故填toexplore。40.challenging考查形容词。根据空前的this及空后的名词environment可知,此处用形容词challenging作定语,修饰environme

nt。故填challenging。thischallengingenvironment意为“这种充满挑战的环境”。41.are考查时态和主谓一致。句意:它们的颌——经常长满锋利的牙齿——总是张着的。根据句意可知,此处叙述的是一般情况,所以使用一般现在时,主语jaws

为复数,故填are。姓名班级考号密○封○装○订○线密○封○装○订○线密封线内不要答题42.which考查定语从句。设空处无提示词,且前面有逗号隔开,将project代入后面句子中,意义完整,所以推测设空处引导的是一个非限制性定语从句,先行词为project,指物,关系词在从句中作主语

,所以用关系代词which。句意:海洋生物普查计划是一个国际计划,它记录海洋生物的多样性、分布和丰富度。43.and考查连词。句意见上一题。diversity、distribution和abundance三个名词并列。故填and。44.collected考查过去分词。本句已有谓语willserv

e,所以设空处为非谓语动词,结合设空处后的bytheCensus可知,collect与Thedataandinformation之间为逻辑上的被动关系,所以用过去分词形式作后置定语,修饰Thedataandinformat

ion。故填collected。45.to考查介词。“contributesth.to...”为固定结构,意为“把某物贡献给……”。故填to。此处“contributedto...”作后置定语。第三部分写作第一节Onepossibleve

rsion:AnEnglishSpeechContestonOceanExplorationAnEnglishspeechcontestaboutwhetherweshouldexploretheoceanwasheldinourschoollibrarylastSaturday.Thec

ompetitionstartedat9:00amandlastedtwohours.StudentswhohaveagoodcommandofEnglishandshowgreatinterestinthistopicto

okturnstogiveusaspeech.Theirperformancesonthestageweresowonderfulthattheyweregreetedwithapplauseandpraise.Theact

ivitywashighlyspokenofbecausenotonlydiditenrichourschoollifebutitalsoenabledustorealizetheimportanceofprotecti

ngtheocean.第二节Onepossibleversion:Paragraph1:Ilikedmydrawing,butaftercomparingitwithDaniel’smasterpiece,Ifeltliketheworsteverartist.It

riedtotellmyselfthatitwasjustforfunandthatitdidn’tmatterhowgoodorbadmydrawingwas,butIcouldn’tshakeoffthefeelingofdisa

ppointment.Justthen,Rafaelwalkedinandnoticedmydowncastexpression.HeaskedifeverythingwasalrightandItoldhi

mhowIfelt.Rafaelsmiledandasked,“Doyouwanttoknowthesecretofmyyummycookies?”“What’sthesecret?”Iasked,expecti

ngtheanswer.“It’sthefunandjoyinthebakingprocess.Youknow,themostimportantthingaboutdrawing,likewise,isn

othowperfectitlooks,buthowitmakesyoufeel.Doesyourdrawingmakeyouhappy?Ifitdoes,thenit’samasterpiece.”Paragraph2:WhenIlookedclo

selyateveryone’sart,IcouldseewhatRafaelmeant.Eventhoughsomeofthedrawingswerenottechnicallyperfect,theyallhadaspecialqualitythatmadethemun

iqueandbeautifulintheirownway.Mareya’sandIndi’swereboldandcolorful,whileminewasdelicateandintricate.Weall

happilyengagedindrawingandeachdrawingrepresentedourownobservationandimagination.IthinkRafael’swordsreal

lycapturedtheessenceofwhatartisallabout.It’snotaboutconformingtoacertainsetofrulesorstandards,butratheraboutexpressingoneselfinawayt

hatbringsjoyandmeaningtothedrawerandthosewhoviewthework.