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2019～2020学年度第一学期期末六校联考高三英语本试卷分为第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分，满分150分，考试时间120分钟。第I卷选择题（共115分）第一部分：听力理解（共两节，满分20分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）听下面五段对

话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatwastheweatherlikeyesterday?A.Rain

y.B.Fine.C.Cloudy.2.Whatisthewomandoing?AShopping.B.Playinggames.C.Searchingfortips.3.Whatisthewoman’snationality?A.Australia

n.B.American.C.Indian.4.Howmuchwillthewomanpay?A.$36.B.$38.C.$40.5.Whydoesthemancomebackhere?A.Toseeaplay.B.Tobuyaticket.C.Tolookforsom

ething.第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）听下面几段材料。每段材料后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段材料前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每

小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段材料读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第6至第8小题。6.Howmanybooksarethereonthelist?A.5.B.8.C.13.7.Whatdid

thewomandothissummer?A.ShetookatriptoBali.B.Shevisitedhercousins.C.Sheboughtanewlaptop.8.Howdoesthewomanadvisetheyshouldsolvetheproblem?A.Sheb

uysthreeandthemanbuystwo.B.Shepaysthemanfiftydollarsforsharing.C.Theyeachpayhalfoftheamountforthebooks.听下面一段对话，回答第9至第11小题。9.Whichpartoft

hebodydidthewomanhurt?A.Herleg.B.Herhand.C.Herfoot.10.Whydidthewomanwanttolearntorideabike?A.Tobelik

etheotherstudents.B.Togotoschoolfaster.C.Tohavefun.11Whatwillthemandoforthewoman?A.Teachherhowtorideabike

.B.Giveherabikeridetoschool.C.HaveJohnnyapologizetoher.听下面一段独白，回答第12至第15小题。12.Whodoestheorganizationmainlyhelp?A.Kidswhohav

edifficultiesinreading.B.Kidswhohavedifficultiesinlistening.C.Dogswhohavedifficultiesinlistening.13.WhatdoesIzzydowhenthekidsarereading?A.Listen

stothem.B.Walksaroundthem.C.Holdsbooksforthem.14.Howmanyschoolsdoestheorganizationworkwithnow?A.7.B.9.C.10.15.Whatisthespeakermai

nlytalkingabout?A.Areadingprogram.B.Afamousschool.C.Acutedog.第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节,满分45分）第一节：单项填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）

1.—Nowordsarestrongenoughtoexpressourheartfeltthanksforyourassistance.—________.A.TakeiteasyB.Withpleasu

reC.It’smypleasureD.Nevermind【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情境交际用语。句意：——对你的帮助，我无法用言语来表达我们衷心的感谢。——别客气。A.Takeiteasy别着急；B.Withpleasure我很乐意；C.It’smypleasure不客气；D.Nev

ermind没有关系。结合句意故选C。2.—Howdisgustingtheweatheris!It________fornearlyaweek.—Idon’tlikerainydayseither.However,therainyseasonusuallylastsaboutamonthher

e.A.hadrainedB.willberainingC.hasbeenrainingD.wasraining【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查动词时态。句意：——多讨厌的天气啊！雨已经下了将近一个星期

了。——我也不喜欢雨天。然而，这里的雨季通常持续一个月左右。根据后文fornearlyaweek可知表示过去发生的动作持续不间断地发生应用现在完成进行时，主语为it，故助动词用has。故选C。3.Theteamdidn’tdeserve________th

egamebutLadyLuckwasontheirside.A.winningB.wonC.towinD.havingwon【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查固定短语。句意：这个队不配赢得这场比赛，但幸运女神站在他们一边。根据固定短语des

ervetodosth.“配得上，值得……”，故选C。4.Summerisalreadyapproaching,butthegarden’sconstructionis________completion.A.apart

fromB.regardlessofC.onaccountofD.farfrom【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：夏天已经来临，但是花园的建设还远远没有完成。A.apartfrom除……之外；B

.regardlessof不管，不顾；C.onaccountof由于，因为；D.farfrom远非。由but可知，前后语意转折，故farfrom“远非”符合句意。故选D。5.ItoldDannyitwasabadidea,buthe’sso________that

hejustneverlistens.A.stubbornB.dynamicC.desperateD.considerate【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我告诉丹尼这是个坏主意，但他太固执了，根本不

听。A.stubborn固执的；B.dynamic动态的；C.desperate令人绝望的；D.considerate体贴的。由“hejustneverlistens”可知，丹尼很固执。故选A。6.—I’msorry.I________toyourbirthda

ypartyif……—Forgetit.IknowyouwereinShanghaionbusinessthen.A.hadcomeB.wouldhavecomeC.needn’thavecomeD.came【答案】B【解析】【详解】查虚拟语气。句意：——我很抱歉。如果……，我就来

参加你的生日聚会了。——不必在意。我知道你那时在上海出差。考此处表示对过去事实相反的假设，if后面省了过去完成时，补充完整应该是ifIhadnotbeenoutonbusiness，故主句中应该用should/would/co

uld/mighthavedone结构，故选B。【点睛】if虚拟条件句和对应主句的动词形式列表：条件从句的谓语动词形式主句谓语动词形式与过去事实相反的假设haddonewould/could/might/shouldhavedone与现在事实相反的假设过去时(was→were)woul

d/could/might/shoulddo与将来事实相反的假设过去时(was→were);shoulddo;would/could/might/shoulddoweretodo有时假设的情况并不是以if引导的条件从句形式出现，而是通过一些短语等形

式暗示虚拟语气的存在，常用的词语有with,without,butfor,otherwise,or，even,incaseof,whatif(如果…将如何)等等，这种句子往往有主句而无从句(考试时多数情况是对过去的假。但是可以转化成if引导

的虚拟条件句。分析句子可知，本句可以转化成是if引导的虚拟条件句，表示与过去事实相反的假设。从句为：IfIhadnothadyourrecommendation,主句为：Iwouldhavemissedit。故C选项正确。7.__

______uponhisyearsofexperienceinthebusiness,ZhangYong,Alibaba’snewlyappointedCEO,cameupwithanovelideaforincreasingsales.A

.TodrawB.BeingdrawnC.DrawingD.Drawn【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：阿里巴巴新任CEO张勇凭借多年的商业经验，想出了一个增加销售额的新点子。分析句子结构可知draw在句中做非谓语动词，与逻辑主语ZhangYong构成主

动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故选C。8.Youshouldn’thavebeensorudetoDennis,________youshouldapologizetohim,Isuppose.A.whichB.forwhichC.whomD.forw

hom【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你不应该对丹尼斯那么粗鲁，我想你应该为此向他道歉。本句为“介词+关系代词”结构定语从句修饰上文整个句子，且根据短语apologizetosb.forsth.“

因为……给……道歉”，介词为for，指事情用which。故选B。【点睛】关系代词前介词选择三原则：一先，二动，三意义1.一先，即根据定语从句中介词与先行词的搭配关系选择。IneverforgetthedayonwhichIcametothisschool.(ontheday)二动，即根据定语从

句中谓语动词与介词的搭配关系选择。ThisistheiPadonwhichIspent3000yuan.(spendmoneyonsth.)3.三意义，即根据定语从句的意义来确定介词。Thisismypairofglasses,__withoutwhich__Icannotseeclearly.9

.Devotionisakindofquality,________youshouldhaveifyouwanttogetalongwellwithyourfriends.A.thatB.itC.oneD.what【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查代词。句意：奉献是一种品质，如果

你想和你的朋友相处得好，你应该拥有这种品质。根据上下文可知这里指代上文的akindofquality，用one“泛指”作akindofquality的同位语，it是同类同物，that特指上文的可数名词单数或不可数名词，what引导从句。故选C

。10.LaoGanMaisthebestchillisauceinChina.Thecompanybuiltupits________byconstantlyprovidinghigh-qualityproductsatarelativelylowprice.A.reputationB.c

ampaignC.appetiteD.occupation【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：老干妈是中国最好的辣椒酱。该公司通过不断以较低的价格提供高质量的产品而建立了自己的声誉。A.reputation名誉；

B.campaign运动；C.appetite胃口；D.occupation职业，占有。由“byconstantlyprovidinghigh-qualityproductsatarelativelylowprice”可知，reputatio

n“名誉”符合句意。故选A。11.-WeareclimbingMountTaithisweekend.-Wonderful!Takeanumbrellawithyou________itrains.A.as

ifB.sothatC.incaseD.evenif【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查状语从句。句意：——这个周末我们要去爬泰山。——太棒了！带上雨伞，以防下雨。A.asif好像；B.sothat以便，所以；C.incase以防，假

使；D.evenif即使，虽然。本句为条件状语从句，表示“以防”，故选C。12.—HoweverbusyMaryis,shewill________sometimeforexerciseeveryday.—Nowondershei

salwayssoenergetic.A.setasideB.putawayC.workoutD.pickup【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：——不管玛丽有多忙，她都会留出一些时间每天锻炼。——难怪她总是那么精力充沛。A.setaside留出；B.putaway抛弃；C.work

out解决，算出；D.pickup捡起。由“Nowondersheisalwayssoenergetic.”可知，她总是那么精力充沛是因为管玛丽有多忙，她都会留出一些时间每天锻炼。故选A。13.Wewerewildwithjoywhenwordcam

e________ourschoolteamhadwonfirstplaceinthedebatecontest.A.whetherB.howC.thatD.why【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查连接词。句意：当我们的校队在辩论赛中获得第一名的消息传来时，我们欣喜若狂。本句为同位

语从句修饰word，且从句中不缺少成分，句意完整，故用that。故选C。14.Petersearchedalltheplaceswherehe________haveleftheriPadbutitwasallinvain.A.mightB

.wouldC.mustD.should【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：彼得找遍了所有他可能放她的iPad的地方，但都没有找到。A.might可能；B.would将会；C.must必须，一定；D.should应该。mighthavedone表示对发生过的事情

的推测,意思是“可能已经”或“也许已经”,用于肯定句中。故选A。15.Notuntilthen________thatnobodywashappierthanIwas.A.IhadrealizedB.hadIre

alizedC.didIrealizeD.Irealized【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查倒装句。句意：直到那时我才意识到没有人比我更幸福。not为表示否定意义的副词、介词短语和连词放在句首时要部分倒装。且根据下文was可知为一般过去

时，故应添加主动did，并置于主语之前。故选C。【点睛】部分倒装部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分(多为助动词或情态动词)置于主语之前。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词do,does或did，并将其置于主语之前。(1

)表示否定意义的副词、介词短语和连词放在句首时要部分倒装。此类副词或连词主要有no,not,never,seldom,little,hardly,atnotime,innoway,notonly…butalso…,hardly…when…,nosooner…than…,notuntil…等。如：N

everhaveIseensuchaperformance.我从未见过这样的表演。Notuntilthechildfellasleepdidthemotherleavetheroom.直到孩子睡着了，母亲才离开房间。NosoonerhadIg

othomethanitbegantorain.我刚到家就开始下雨了。(2)当so/neither/nor位于句首时，表示“也”、“也不”，可将其后与前面重复的谓语部分置于主语之前，构成部分倒装。如：TomcanspeakFrench.SocanJack.汤姆会说法语

。杰克也可以。Ifyouwon’tgo,neitherwillI.如果你不去，我也不去。(3)only修饰状语时的部分倒装“only+状语/状语从句”位于句首时，句子的主语和谓语或主句中的主语和谓语要部分倒装。如：Onl

yinthiswaycanyoulearnEnglishwell.只有以这种方法，我们才能学好英语。Onlyafterbeingaskedthreetimesdidhecometothemeeting.他被问了三次才来参加会议。Onlywh

enhereturneddidwefindoutthetruth.只有当他回来时，我们才查明了真相。(4)在so…that…句式中，如果so位于句首，主句中的主语和谓语需部分倒装。如：Sofrightenedwasheth

athedidnotdaretomoveaninch.他太害怕了以至于一动也不敢动。(5)在虚拟条件句中，从句谓语动词有were,had,should等词，if可省略，将were,had,should移到主语之前，

构成部分倒装。如：WereIyou,Iwouldtryitagain.如果我是你，我会再试一次。(6)as/though引导让步状语从句时置于句首时，采用形式倒装，即把强调的内容提至句首，主谓并不倒装。如：①表语的倒装Tiredas/thoughhewas,hestill

wentonwithhiswork.尽管他很累，他还是继续工作。②谓语动词的倒装Tryashemight,hedidn’tpasstheexam.尽管很用功，但他考试还是不及格。③状语的倒装Muchas

helikesthebike,hedoesn’twanttobuyit.他虽然很喜欢那辆自行车，但不想买它。注意：如果是单数名词或形容词的最高级作表语，不再用冠词。如：Childasheis,heknowsalot.尽

管他是孩子，但他懂得很多。Youngestasheisinourclass,hespeaksEnglishthebest.他虽然是我们班年龄最小的，但英语说得最好。第二节：完形填空（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A,

B,C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。MywifeandImovedintoourhometwoyearsago.Wehadayardwithalotof___16__

_Veryoftenwhenwehaveflowers,DeniseorIwouldplantsomebetweentherocks,justtoaddsome___17___tothearea.Lastsummer,Ifoundatiny

little___18___intheyardthatIcouldnotimmediatelyidentify.IknewIdidn’tplantitandDenisesaidshedidn’teither.Wedecidedtol

etit___19___growinguntilwecouldfindoutwhatitwas.WeekspassedandasImademywaybacktothe___20___plant,itappearedtobeasunflower.Idecidedto___21___t

heweedsaroundit.AsIpulledrocksfromtheareatogettotheweeds,Inoticedsomething___22___Thesunflowerhadnot___23___wh

ereIsawitbegin.Itactuallyhadbegununderabig___24___andgrownunderandaroundittoreachthe____25____.That’swhenI____26____thatifatinylittlesu

nflowerdidn’tletabigrockstandinits____27____ofdeveloping,wetoohavetheabilityofdoingthesamething.Ifwe____

28____ourselveslikethatlittlesunflower,wecanreachwherewe____29____togoandgetwhatweneedforgrowth.Weneedtobelieveinourselvesknowingwehavethe__

__30____toachieveourgoals.Likethe____31____,itknewithadtheabilitytogetovertherocksbecauseithad____32____initselfthatitwo

uldsucceed.Standtalllikethesunflowerandbe____33____ofwhoandwhatweare,thentheenvironmentwillbeginto____34___

_us.Wewillfindawaytogounderor____35____any“rocks”inordertoreachourgoals.16.A.flowersB.rocksC.insectsD.vege

tables17.A.shapeB.waterC.fertilizerD.colour18.A.weedB.seedC.plantD.rock19.A.continueB.stopC.improveD.escape20.A.weakB.strangeC.lo

nelyD.pretty21.A.collectB.tendC.watchD.remove22.A.wonderfulB.terribleC.unusualD.valuable23.A.startedB.passedC.leftD.died24

.A.treeB.rockC.tableD.wall25.A.airB.sunC.topD.house26.A.hopedB.doubtedC.regrettedD.realized27.A.wayB.plac

eC.courseD.process28.A.fillinB.putinC.believeinD.worryabout29.A.forgetB.aimC.hateD.wait30.A.ideaB.wishC.planD.ability31

.A.sunflowerB.yardC.homeD.summer32.A.energyB.virtueC.faithD.courage33.A.awareB.proudC.afraidD.tired34.A.forgiveB.affectC.upsetD.support

35.A.aroundB.intoC.throughD.From【答案】16.B17.D18.C19.A20.B21.D22.C23.A24.B25.B26.D27.A28.C29.B30.D31.A32.C33.B34.

D35.A【解析】这是一篇记叙文。作者通过讲述自己院子里顽强生长的向日葵悟出一个道理：如果我们相信自己，我们可以克服一切困难。【16题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们有一个院子，院子里有很多石头。A.flowers花；B.rocks石头；C.insects

昆虫；D.vegetables蔬菜。由DeniseorIwouldplantsomebetweentherocks,可知，Denise和作者想在石头缝中种一些花。所以院子里有很多石头。故选B。【17题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：丹尼斯和我经常会在石头之间种上一些

花，只是为了给这个地方增添一些色彩。A.shape形状；B.water水；C.fertilizer化肥；D.colour颜色。由生活常识种一些花朵会给院子增添一些色彩。故选D。【18题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：去年夏天，我在院子

里发现了一株我不能马上认出来的小植物。A.weed野草；B.seed种子；C.plant植物，工厂；D.rock岩石。后文提到itappearedtobeasunflower可知，那是一株向日葵，所以发现了一株不能马上认出来的小植物。故选C。【19题详解】考查动词词义辨

析。句意：我们决定让它继续生长，直到我们发现它是什么。A.continue继续；B.stop停止；C.improve提高；D.escape逃离。由后文untilwecouldfindoutwhatitwas可知，作者想让它继续生长。故选A。【20题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：几个星期过去了

，当我再次回到那棵奇怪的植物时，它看起来像一棵向日葵。A.weak弱的；B.strange奇怪的；C.lonely孤独的；D.pretty漂亮的。到目前为止作者还不知道它究竟是一种什么植物，所以这是一棵奇怪的植物。故选B。【21题详解】考查动词

词义辨析。句意：我决定清除它周围的杂草。A.collect收集；B.tend趋向，照顾；C.watch观看；D.remove移除；由下文的AsIpulledrocksfromtheareatogettotheweeds可知,

作者要除草。故选D。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我注意到一些不寻常的事情。A.wonderful精彩的；B.terrible糟糕的；C.unusual不寻常的；D.valuable有价值的。由下文可知，向

日葵并没有生长在作者最开始发现它的位置，这件事是不寻常的。故选C。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：向日葵并没有生长在我最开始发现它的位置。A.started开始；B.passed过，递给；C.left留下；D.died死亡。由Itactuallyhadbegunundera

bigrockandgrownunderandaroundittoreachthesun可知，它实际上是从一块大石头下面开始生长的，然后在石头下面和周围生长，朝着太阳生长。所以向日葵并没有生长在作者最开始发现它的位置。故选A。【24题详解

】考查名词词义辨析。句意：它实际上是从一块大石头下面开始生长的，然后在石头下面和周围生长，朝着太阳生长的。A.tree树；B.rock石头；C.table桌子；D.wall墙。文章前面提到院子里有很多石头，另外作者要为它除草的时候搬走了石头可知，它应该是长在石头下面的。故选B。【25题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：它实际上是从一块大石头下面开始生长，然后在石头下面和周围生长的，朝着太阳生长的。A.air空气；B.sun阳光；C.top顶部；D.house房子。由常识可知，向日葵是朝着太阳生长的。故选B。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在那时，

我意识到，如果一株小小的向日葵不让一块大石头挡住它成长的道路，我们也有能力做同样的事情。A.hoped希望；B.doubted怀疑；C.regretted后悔；D.realized意识到，了解。由ifatinylittlesunflowerdi

dn’tletabigrockstandinitswayofdeveloping,wetoohavetheabilityofdoingthesamething可知，如果一株小小的向日葵不让一块大石头挡住它成长的道路，我们也有能力做同样的事情，这是作者意识到的事情。故选D。【27题

详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：就在那时，我意识到，如果一株小小的向日葵不让一块大石头挡住它成长的道路，我们也有能力做同样的事情。A.way方法；B.place地方；C.course课程，一道菜；D.process过程，步骤。由前文可知，向日葵并没有让一块大石头挡住它成

长的道路。standinone’sway表示挡道，阻碍。故选A。【28题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：如果我们像那棵小向日葵一样相信自己，我们就能达到我们的目标。A.fillin填写；B.putin放入；C.be

lievein信任；D.worryabout担心。由下文Weneedtobelieveinourselves可知，我们要像那棵小向日葵一样相信自己。故选C。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我们

像那棵小向日葵一样相信自己，我们就能达到我们的目标，得到我们成长所需要的东西。A.forget忘记；B.aim瞄准；C.hate讨厌；D.wait等待。最后一段作者提到achieveourgoals,所以此空应填a

im。故选B。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们需要相信自己，同时也要知道我们有能力实现我们的目标。A.idea主意；B.wish愿望；C.plan计划；D.ability能力。havetheabilitytodosth表示有能力做某事。

由下文“itknewithadtheabilitytogetovertherocks…”可知，空处填ability。故选D。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：就像向日葵一样，它知道自己有能力克服石头的阻碍，因为它相

信自己会成功。A.sunflower向日葵；B.yard庭院；C.home家；D.summer夏天。就像这株向日葵一样，与前文sunflower相呼应。故选A。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：就像向日葵一样，它知道自己有能力克

服石头的阻碍，因为它相信自己会成功。A.energy能量；B.virtue美德；C.faith信念；D.courage鼓励。与前文提到的believein相呼应，向日葵相信自己会成功。故选C。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：像向日葵一样昂首挺胸，为自己感到骄傲，周围的环境和事物也会开

始支持我们。A.aware意识到的；B.proud自豪的；C.afraid害怕的；D.tired疲惫的。像向日葵一样昂首挺胸，要自己感到自豪。故选B。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：像向日葵一样昂首挺胸，为自己感到骄傲

，周围的环境和事物也会开始支持我们。A.forgive原谅；B.affect影响；C.upset使…心烦；D.support支持。由Standtalllikethesunflower可知，像向日葵一样昂首挺胸，周围的环境和事物也会开始支持我们。故选

D。【35题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：为了达到我们的目标，我们会找到一个方法钻过或绕过任何“石头”。A.around周围；B.into里面；C.through穿过，通过；D.From从，来自。由前文grownunderandaroundittorea

chthesun，可知，我们会找到一个方法钻过或绕过任何“石头”。故选A。第三部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分）ACasteldell’OvoisoneofNaples’mostfamous

monuments.ItofferssweepingviewsoverthecityandMountVesuviusinthedistance.TheBasicsThesiteonwhichCasteldell’Ovonowstands

hasalonghistory,beginningasasettlementforGreekcolonists(殖民地定居者).Thecurrentcastlewasbuiltinthe15thcentury,andtoday,the19th-cen

turyfishingvillageofBorgoMarinari,knownforitsexcellentseafoodrestaurantsandmarina(游艇停靠区),sitsatthebaseofthec

astle.TheEggCastleTheoriginofthecastle’snamecomesfromastoryabouttheRomanpoetVirgil,whoissaidtohavepla

cedamagicalegginthefoundationsbeneathwherethecastlenowstands.Aslongastheeggstayswell,Casteldell’Ovowillremainstanding.ThingstoKnowBeforeyouG

o·Casteldell’Ovoisamust-seeforhistoryandarchitectureenthusiasts.·Admissiontothecastleandthemuseumisfree.·Theinnerha

llsofthecastleareopentothepubliconlyduringspecialeventsandexhibitions;theramparts(城墙)andtowersarealwaysopen.·

Thereisaliftfromthegroundfloortotheramparts,makingthecastleaccessibletowheelchairs.HowtoGetThereCasteldell’OvoislocatedintheBayofNaplesjustoffth

ecoastalroad.Bus151fromthetrainstationand140fromtheportstopatCasteldell’Ovo.WhentoGetthereThecastleisopenMondaythroughSaturdayfrom8:30amt

o7pm,andSundaysandholidaysfrom8:30amto1:30pm.ThePrehistoricMuseumisopenonlyonweekendsfrom10amto1pm.AsNaplesisoneo

fItaly’smostvisitedcities,itssightscanbeverycrowdedinthehigh-seasonsummermonths.Visitintheearlymorningorlateafte

rnoontoavoidthecrowdsandtotakeadvantageofthebestlightfortakingphotosfromthecastle’stowers.BookOnlineorCall+1(702)6

48-587336.WhosesettlementdidthesiteofCasteldell’Ovobelongto?A.Britishcolonists’.B.Frenchcolonists’.C.Greekcolonists’.D.Germancolon

ists’.37.WhichofthefollowingcorrectlydescribesCasteldell’Ovo?A.ItliesnexttoMountVesuvius.B.It’salsonamedtheEggcastle.C.Itwasoriginallybuil

tinthe19thcentury.D.It’swell-knownforitsseafoodandmarina.38.WhoaremostprobablyinterestedinvisitingCasteldell’Ovo?A.Historylovers.B.Sportslovers.

C.Literaturelovers.D.Astronomylovers.39.WhatshouldyouknowbeforeyoutourCasteldell’Ovo?A.Theticketshavetobebookedinadvance.B.Thosewithlegproblemsc

annottourtheramparts.C.It’seasilyaccessiblebybusfromthetrainstation.DThetowerscanbevisitedonlyduringspecialevents.40.WhenshouldyougotothePrehistor

icMuseum?A.OnSundaysfrom8:30to13:30.B.Onholidaysfrom9:00to13:30.C.Onweekdaysfrom8:30to19:00.D.Onweekendsfrom10:00to13:00.【答案】36.C37.B

38.A39.C40.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了dell'Ovo城堡的基本信息，名字的由来以及参观游览前需要知道的一些信息。【36题详解】细节理解题。根据TheBasics部分中ThesiteonwhichCasteldell’Ovonowstand

shasalonghistory,beginningasasettlementforGreekcolonists.（Casteldell’Ovo现在所在的地方历史悠久，最初是希腊殖民者的定居点）可知卡斯特戴尔蛋遗址属于希腊殖民者的

殖民地。故选C。【37题详解】细节理解题。根据TheEggCastle部分中Theoriginofthecastle’snamecomesfromastoryabouttheRomanpoetVirgil,whoissai

dtohaveplacedamagicalegginthefoundationsbeneathwherethecastlenowstands.（这座城堡的名字来源于罗马诗人维吉尔的一个故事，据说维吉尔在城堡的地基下放置了一个魔法蛋）可知Casteldell’Ov

o也叫鸡蛋城堡。故选B。【38题详解】细节理解题。根据ThingstoKnowBeforeyouGo部分中·Casteldell’Ovoisamust-seeforhistoryandarchitectu

reenthusiasts.（Casteldell’Ovo是历史和建筑爱好者必看的景点。）可知历史爱好者最有兴趣参观Casteldell’Ovo。故选A。【39题详解】细节理解题。根据HowtoGetThere部分中Casteldell’OvoislocatedintheBa

yofNaplesjustoffthecoastalroad.Bus151fromthetrainstationand140fromtheportstopatCasteldell’Ovo.（Casteldell'Ovo坐落在那不勒斯海湾，离海岸不远。从火车站开出的151路公共汽车和从港口开出的

140路公共汽车在Casteldell’Ovo停靠）可知在你参观Casteldell’Ovo之前，你应该了解从火车站乘公共汽车去那里很方便。故选C。【40题详解】细节理解题。根据WhentoGetthere部分中ThePrehistoricMuseumisopenonlyonweekendsfro

m10amto1pm.（史前博物馆只在周末上午10点到下午1点开放）可知你应该在周末10点到13点去史前博物馆。故选D。【点睛】文章主题和中心思想的阐述往往需要大量细节信息的支持，这些细节对于理解全文内容至关重要，同时也是归纳和概括文章中

心思想的基础。命题人往往会要求考生根据不同的要求阅读文章，以获得某些特定的信息，或准确地寻求所需的细节，并对细节进行直接或间接辨认和理解。文章细节的理解可以细化为：（1）一一对应型。（2）语言转述型。（3）语意理解型。（4）是

非辨别型。（5）事实排序型。如第三小题属于一一对应型，根据ThingstoKnowBeforeyouGo部分中·Casteldell’Ovoisamust-seeforhistoryandarchitectureenthusiast

s.（Casteldell’Ovo是历史和建筑爱好者必看的景点。）可知历史爱好者最有兴趣参观Casteldell’Ovo。故选A。BInthekitchenofmymother’shousesthere

hasalwaysbeenawoodenstand（木架）withasmallnotepad（记事本）andaholeforapencil.I’mlookingforpaperonwhichtonotedownthenameofabookIamrecommendingtomymother.O

verfortyyearssincemyearliestmemoriesofthekitchenpadandpencil,fivehouseslater,thecurrentpaperandpencill

ookthesameastheyalwaysdid.Surelyitcan’tbethesamepencil?Thepadismoremodern,butthewoodenstandisdefinitelytheoriginalone.“I’mjustamazedyoustillhav

ethesamestandforholdingthepadandpencilafteralltheseyear.”Isaytoher,walkingbankintotheliving-roomwithasheetofpaperandthepencil.“Youstillusea

pencil.Can’tyouaffordapen?”Mymotherrepliesalittlesharply.“Itworksperfectlywell.I’vealwayskeptthestandinthekitchen.IneverknewwhenImi

ghtwanttonotedownanidea,andIwasalwaysinthekitcheninthesedays.”ImmediatelyIcanpictureher,hairwild,bluehousecoatcoveredinflour,awo

odenspooninonehand,thepencilintheother,hermouthmovingsilently.Mymothersmilesandsays,“OnedayIwascookingandwatchingbabyPauline,andIhadabrilliantthough

t,butthestandwasempty.Oneofthechildrenmusthavetakenthepaper.SoIjustpickedupthebreadboardandwroteitalldownontheback.Itturnedouttob

earealbreakthroughforsolvingthemathematicalproblemIwasworkingon.”Thisstory—whichhappenedbeforeIwasborn—remindsmehowextraordin

arymymotherwas,andis,asagiftedmathematician.IfeelembarrassedthatIcomplainaboutnothavingenoughchild-freetimetowork.Later,whenmy

motherisinthebathroom,Igointoherkitchenandturnoverthebreadboards.Sureenough,onthebackofthesmallestone,areso

mepenciledmarksIrecognizeasmathematics.Thosesymbolshavetraveledunaffectedthroughfiftyyears,rootedinthesoilofacheapwoodenbre

adboard,invisible（看不到的）exhibitsateverymeal.41.Whyhastheauthor’smotheralwayskeptthenotepadandpencilinthekitchen?A.Toleavemessages.B.Tolisthereveryd

aytasks.C.Tonotedownmathsproblems.D.Towritedownaflashofinspiration.42.Whatistheauthor’soriginalopinionaboutthewoodenstand?A.Ithasgreatval

ueforthefamily.B.Itneedstobereplacedbyabetterone.C.Itbringsherbacktoherlonelychildhood.D.Itshouldbepassedonto

thenextgeneration.43.Theauthorfeelsembarrassedfor_______.A.blaminghermotherwrongly.B.givinghermotheralotof

trouble.C.notmakinggooduseoftimeashermotherdid.D.notmakinganybreakthroughinherfield.44.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.Them

otherissuccessfulinhercareer.A.Thefamilymembersliketraveling.B.Theauthorhadlittletimetoplaywhenyoung.C.Themarksonthebreadboardhave

disappeared.45.Inthauthor’smind,hermotheris_________.A.strangeinbehavior.B.keenonherresearch.C.fondofcollectingoldthings.D.carelessabouth

erappearance.【答案】41.D42.B43.C44.A45.B【解析】这是一篇记叙文。作者妈妈的厨房里总是放着一个记事本架子和一支铅笔。我很不解为什么她到现在还保持用铅笔的习惯。母亲向作者讲述了保持用铅笔的习惯原因。作者后悔没能像母亲那样利用自己的时间。【4

1题详解】细节理解题。由第三段IneverknewwhenImightwanttonotedownanidea可知，母亲不知道什么时候就会该记下自己的一个想法。所以为什么作者的母亲总是把记事本和铅笔放在厨房里是因为它们是母亲用来记录下自己突然的灵感的工具。故选D

。【42题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段I'mjustamazedyoustillhavethesamestandforholdingthepadandpencilafteralltheseyears可知，作者只是很惊讶，这么多年过去了，母亲还用着记事本和铅笔。所以判断出，作

者对母亲一直用很早以前的工具不解，认为她早就应该换更好的了。故选B。【43题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的Thisstory—whichhappenedbeforeIwasborn—remindsmehowextraordinarymymo

therwas,andis,asagiftedmathematician.IfeelembarrassedthatIcomplainaboutnothavingenoughchild-freetimetowork可知，这个故事——发生在作者出生之前——让作者想起了自己的母亲是一个多么非凡

的有天赋的数学家。作者感到很尴尬，因为作者抱怨没有足够的时间工作。所以判断出作者后悔没能像母亲那样利用自己的时间。故选C。【44题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的Thisstory—whichhappenedbefo

reIwasborn—remindsmehowextraordinarymymotherwas,andis,asagiftedmathematician可知，母亲是一个有天赋的数学家。所以从最后一段推断

出出这位母亲事业有成。故选A【45题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段第二句“OnedayIwascookingandwatchingbabyPauline,andIhadabrilliantthought,butthestandwasempty.SoI

justpickedupthebreadboardandwroteitalldownontheback.Itturnedouttobearealbreakthroughforsolvingthemathematicalpro

blemIwasworkingon.”可知，有一天母亲一边做饭一遍看小波林，母亲有一个很棒的想法，但是没有任何地方可以记录。所以母亲拿起面板，把它的想法写在了背面。事实证明，这是解决母亲正在研究的数学问题的真正突破。所以判断出作者的母亲很热衷于自己的研究。故选B。CTheterm“gr

affiti”isanItalianwordmeaningscratchingorscribbling(乱涂).ItenteredtheEnglishlanguageinthe1850s,specificallytodescribethecasualwal

lwritingthatexpertsfoundinPompeiiandtheRomantombs.Originallyatermusedonlyinancientscribbling,thewordhasundergoneconsiderableexpansionofmeanin

ginthepast75yearssothatitnowreferstoanywrittenmessageonawall.Graffitiarecharacterizedbytheircasualness;iftheyweremoreformal,theywouldbeknownasins

criptions(铭文).ThefirstpieceofgraffitiwasfoundononeofthewallsofthecityPompeii,whichwasdestroyedbytheeruptionof

MountVesuviusin79AD.Itwasoneof1,600piecesofgraffitiuncoveredinPompeiiduringadiginthe19thcentury.Nots

urprisingly,thereismuchevidenceofgraffitiwritingonthepyramidandtemplesofancientEgypt.Itislikelythateversincepeoplehavehadwallsandmat

erialstoscratchorpaintwith,theyhavebeenengagedinthissimplestformofcommunication.Thewritingofgraffitigivespeopleauniqueopportunitytoachievesomekind

ofpublicaudience.Thusshortpoems,declarationsoflove,piecesofpoliticalandrevolutionarypolemic(论战),andcriticism

sofinstitutionsandpeopleformasignificantpartofgraffiti.Apartfromitsusefulnessintermsofself-expression,graffitiisalsoavaluablesourc

eforhistorians.Thereisalwaysthepossibilitythathistoricaleventsmayberecordedbythepresenceofgraffiti.Perhapsthemostinterestingexampleofthisisthegraff

itirelatingtothegladiatorial(角斗士)contestsheldinPompeii.Graffiticanalsogiveusauniqueviewintothedailylifeandcustomsof

apeople,foritscasualexpressionencouragestherecordingofdetailsthatmoreformalwritingwouldtendtoignore.Inthelate1970s,graffitibecam

epopular.AthoughtwrittenonatoiletwallinWolverhamptoncannowbereadinChicagoorAdelaide.Initsownway,thisisp

robablythemostfascinatingexampleofMcLuhan’sconceptof“theglobalvillage”.Wenowhaveaworldwidetoiletwall.46.Accor

dingtothefirstparagraph,graffiti________.A.isanothernamefor“inscription”B.gotitsnamefromtheEnglishla

nguageC.wasborninthe1850sD.Mainlyreferstocasualwritingorpicturesonwalls47.Whatcanbeinferredfromthesecondparagraph?A.Gra

ffitihasalonghistory.B.Graffitiisanattractiveformofart.C.GraffitimadetheancientcityPompeiifamous.D.GraffitiwasancientEgyptian’smainwayofcom

munication.48.Whatdoesthethirdandfourthparagraphsmainlytellus?A.Graffiti’sgreatvalue.B.Graffiti’sfeature

s.C.Graffiti’swayofexpression.D.Graffiti’sconnectionwithpeople’sdailylife.49.Thegraffitirelatingtothegladiatorialcontest

sismentionedinthepassagetoprovethat______.A.graffiticanshowpeople’scustomsB.graffiticanprovidevaluablehistoricalevidenceC.graffiti

wasmainlyusedtorecordimportanteventsD.graffiticanprovidemoredetailedinformationthanformalwriting50.Theunderlinedsentenceinthelastparagr

aphimpliesthat______.A.thepresenceofgraffitimakestheworldcloselyconnectedB.theconceptof“theglobalvillage”isfamousworldwideC.graffiti

hasbecomeverypopularallovertheworldD.peoplelikeusingtoiletwallstosharetheirgraffiti【答案】46.D47.A48.A49.B50.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了“scribbling（涂鸦）

”一词的来源，以及涂鸦的历史和价值，涂鸦已在世界各地变得流行。【46题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中ItenteredtheEnglishlanguageinthe1850s,specificallytodescribet

hecasualwallwritingthatexpertsfoundinPompeiiandtheRomantombs.Graffitiarecharacterizedbytheircasualness（它在1

9世纪50年代进入英语，专门用来描述专家在庞贝和罗马坟墓中发现的随意性的壁画。涂鸦的特点是随意性）可知涂鸦主要是指随意的文字或墙上的图画。故选D。【47题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段第一句Thefirstpieceofgraffitiwasfoundonone

ofthewallsofthecityPompeii,whichwasdestroyedbytheeruptionofMountVesuviusin79AD.（第一块涂鸦是在庞贝古城的一面墙上发现的，庞贝古城在公元79年的维苏威火山爆发中被摧毁）可推知涂鸦有

很长的历史。故选A。【48题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段第一句Thewritingofgraffitigivespeopleauniqueopportunitytoachievesomekindofpublicaudience.（

涂鸦的书写给了人们一个独特的机会去获得某种公共受众）以及第四段第一句Apartfromitsusefulnessintermsofself-expression,graffitiisalsoavaluablesourceforhistorian

s.（除了它在自我表达方面的用途，涂鸦对历史学家来说也是一个有价值的来源）结合三、四段主要告诉我们涂鸦的巨大价值，故选A。【49题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中Thereisalwaysthepossibilitythathistoricaleventsmay

berecordedbythepresenceofgraffiti.Perhapsthemostinterestingexampleofthisisthegraffitirelatingtothegladiatorialcontestsheldin

Pompeii.（历史事件总是有可能被涂鸦的存在所记录。也许最有趣的例子是关于庞贝角斗士比赛的涂鸦）可知与角斗相关的涂鸦在文章中被提及，是为了证明涂鸦可以提供有价值的历史证据。故选B。【50题详解】推

理判断题。根据最后一段中Initsownway,thisisprobablythemostfascinatingexampleofMcLuhan’sconceptof“theglobalvillage.Wenowhaveaworldwidetoiletwall.”.（这可能是麦克

卢汉“地球村”概念中最引人入胜的例子.我们现在有一个全球性的厕所墙）可知最后一段加下划线的句子暗示涂鸦已在世界各地变得非常流行。故选C。【点睛】隐含意义推理判断题。这类题的题干中常含有：infer，suggest，imply，conclude，intend，p

urpose，belikelyto等标志性词语。解决这类问题时要理解文章潜在的含义和作者所给的提示。同时，要对文章的含义和作者的暗示作出合理的猜测和推断。如第二小题，根据第二段第一句Thefirstpieceofgraffitiwasfoundononeofthe

wallsofthecityPompeii,whichwasdestroyedbytheeruptionofMountVesuviusin79AD.（第一块涂鸦是在庞贝古城的一面墙上发现的，庞贝古城在公

元79年的维苏威火山爆发中被摧毁）可推知涂鸦有很长的历史。故选A。DFromnowon,neverspendyourprecioustimethinkingofreasonsforyourfailuresandshortcomings.Instead,realizethatthesee

dsofsuccesswereplantedwithinyouwhenyouwereborn.Onlyyouhavethepowertomakethoseseedsgrow.Theseeds,andthepo

wertogrowthem,arecontainedinthemostawesomemachineevercreated：thehumanmind.Successisachoiceandnotachance.Youw

erebornawinner.Youwerebornrich.Youcanbeasuccessifonlyyoumaketherightchoice.Youcannotbesuccessfulwithoutfi

rstdevelopingyourself-esteem.Yourlevelofself-esteemisalwaysbasedonthedegreeofcontrolthatyouareabletoexercise

overyourself,andthusoveryourlife.Peoplewithlowself-esteemarepeoplewhodonotbelievethattheyhaveanypower,orresponsibilityf

ortheirlives.Theyaretheperennial(长期的)victimsandmartyrs.Theyareleavestossed(摇摆)bythewindsofchanceblownaboutwithanysuddenchangeintheweather.Youcanexe

rcisecontroloveryourlifeonlytothedegreethatyoubelievethatyouareresponsibleforeverythingthathappensinyourlife.Failuresthi

nkthateverythinghappensbyaccidentandchance.Successfulpeoplerealizethattheyareresponsible.Everythinghap

pensasaresultofsomething.Ifwecanidentifythecause,wecancontroltheeffect.Weareresponsibleforwhatwechoosetothinkand

believe.Onegenerallyrisestothelevelthatoneexpects.Weareresponsibleforsettingourexpectations.Oursuccessisdependentuponou

rlevelofconfidence.Ifyouassociatewithpositive-thinkingpeople,youaredefinitelygoingtoachievesuccess.Onthecontrary,theopposit

ehappens.Weareresponsibleforfinding,planting,andnurturingtheseedsthatcontainfuturevictory,bornfromsetbacks.Inshort,inallareas

ofyourlife,whethertheybefinancial,physical,emotional,orspiritual,youareresponsible.Onceyourecognizethis,acce

ptit,andfirmlybelieveit,youareontheroadtosuccess.51.Peoplewithlowself-esteemarecomparedtoleavesbecausethey______________.A.ar

ereadytochangetheirminds.B.areeasilyaffectedbywindyweather.C.don’thavethepowertofacetheirfate.D.can’

texercisecontroloverthemselves.52.Loserswouldthinkthat.A.successistheresultofhardwork.B.workinghardwillleadtosucc

ess.C.theirfailureisonlybecauseofbadluck.D.theydon’tmakeeffortstosucceed.53.Itcanbeinferredfromparagraph5that.A.whetherwewillsucceeddependson

ourattitudes.B.developingconfidenceisthekeytofuturesuccess.C.thoughtsandbeliefsaretheresultofcreativemind.D.settingoure

xpectationsisessentialbeforetakingaction.54.Thelastparagraphservesas.A.theproofoftheauthor’spoints.B.theconclusionoft

heargument.C.anintroductiontoanothertopic.D.acomparisonbetweentwoviews.55.Whichisthebesttitleforthetext?A.Successi

sachoice.B.Thesecretsofsuccess.CDevelopourconfidence.D.Howtoachievesuccess.【答案】51.D52.C53.A54.B55.A【解析】这是一篇议论文。成功是一种选择

，而不是机会。你生来就是赢家。你生来就要富有。只要你做出正确的选择，你就能成功。同时告诉读者怎么样做才能成功。【51题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Theyaretheperennial(长期的)victimsandmartyrs.Theyareleavestossed(摇摆)byth

ewindsofchanceblownaboutwithanysuddenchangeintheweather”可知，他们是受害者和殉道者。它们是风吹来的树叶，随着天气的突然变化而四处飘散。所以自尊心不强的人通常认为他们不能控制生活，就像风中的树叶

一样，任凭风吹向何方。故选D。【52题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Failuresthinkthateverythinghappensbyaccidentandchance.”可知，失败者认为一切都是

偶然发生的。所以失败者会认为失败是因为运气不好。故选C。【53题详解】推理判断题。根据文章的第五段“Everythinghappensasaresultofsomething.Ifwecanidentif

ythecause,wecancontroltheeffect.Weareresponsibleforwhatwechoosetothinkandbelieve.Onegenerallyrisestothelev

elthatoneexpects.Weareresponsibleforsettingourexpectations.Oursuccessisdependentuponourlevelofconfidence.”可知，万事都有因，如果我们能找出原因，我们就能控制结果。我们

要对自己选择的想法和信仰负责。一个人通常会达到自己期望的水平。我们有责任设定我们的期望。我们的成功取决于我们的自信程度，由此推断出可，我们能否成功取决于我们的态度。故选A。【54题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Inshort,inal

lareasofyourlife,whethertheybefinancial,physical,emotional,orspiritual,youareresponsible.Onceyourecognizethis,

acceptit,andfirmlybelieveit,youareontheroadtosuccess”可知，简而言之，在你生活的各个领域，无论是经济、身体、情感还是精神，你都要有责任感。一旦你认识到这一点，接受它，并坚信它，你就走上了成功之路。所以最后一段作为论点的结论。故选B。【5

5题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文尤其是第二段“Successisachoiceandnotachance.Youwerebornawinner.Youwerebornrich.Youcanbeasuccessifonl

yyoumaketherightchoice”可知，成功是一种选择，而不是机会。你生来就是赢家。你生来就富有。只要你做出正确的选择，你就能成功以及下文介绍了怎么样做才能成功。所以短文的最佳标题是“成功是一种选择”。故选A。第Ⅱ卷（共35分）第四部分：写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节：阅读表达

(满分10分)阅读下面短文，按照要求完成阅读任务。Whywouldhumanbeingswasteathirdoftheirlivessleepingwhentheycouldbedoingmoreimportantthingslikelo

okingaftertheirfamiliesorworking?Somescientistsbelievesleepinghelpsrechargethebody,whileothersthinkitisimportantforstrengtheningne

wly-formedmemories.Now,thereisnewevidencewhichsuggeststhatthepurposeofsleepmaybetoforgetsomeofthemillionsofnewthing

swelearneachday.Theneuronsinthehumanbrainconsistoffiberscalleddendrites(树突).Thesegrowaswelearnnewthingsandconnectthebrain’scellstoeachoth

eratcontactpointscalledsynapses(突触).Thelargerthedendritesbecomeandthemorecellstheyconnect,themoreinformationwestore.In2018,GiulioTononiandChia

raCirelli,bothbiologistsattheUniversityofWisconsin-Madison,suggestedanewidea:Thethingsourbrainslearneachdayresult

insomanysynapsesthatthingsstarttogetalittlemessy.Sleepingallowsustosortthrough(整理)the“noise”anddispensea

lltheunnecessaryinformation,leavingbehindonlythemostimportantmemories.Recently,theuniversity’sresearchhasprovideddirectevidencetosu

pportthetheory.Theexperimentinvolvedanalyzing6,920synapsesinthebrainshavingsfromtwogroupsofmiceoverafo

ur-yearperiod;onegrouphadbeenallowedtosleep,whiletheotherhadbeenkeptawakeandentertainedwithtoys.Theresearchersdiscoveredth

atthebrainshavingsofthesleepingmicehadnearly20percentfewersynapsesthanthosethathadbeenkeptawakeandentertained.Itwasalsoevidentduringthe

studythatthebraindoesnotshaveeverysynapse.20%ofneuronsremainedunchanged;theseweremostlikelywell-establishedmemories.Therefore,alt

houghwemaybesleepingtoforgetsomeofwhatwe’velearned,thebrain“forgets”inasmartway.Mostresearchersbelieveclearingourbrainsisnottheon

lypurposeofsleep.Restingourmindsandbodieshasalsobeenfoundtohelpwithotherbiologicalfunctionslikestrengtheningourimmun

ity.Thoughscientistsmayneveragreeonasinglereason,theyareallsureofonething－agoodnight’srestisessentialforourhealth.Sotryandspendatleasta

thirdofyourdaysleeping!56.What’sthenewdiscoveryaboutthepurposeofsleepingaccordingtothetext?(nomorethan15words)_

________________________________________________________________________57.What’sthemainideaofParagraph2?(no

morethan10words)_________________________________________________________________________58.Whatdoestheunderlinedword

“dispense”inParagraph3probablymean?(nomorethan5words)___________________________________________________________

______________59.Whatagreementdoallthescientistsprobablyreachaboutsleepingaccordingtothetext?(nomorethan10words

)_________________________________________________________________________60.Whatkindofsleepinghabitdoyouhav

e?Pleaseexplain.(nomorethan25words)_________________________________________________________________________【答案】56.Toforgetso

meofthemillionsofnewthingswelearneachday.57.Howtheneuronsinthehumanbrainhelpstoreinformation.58.Getridof./Doawaywith./

Takeout./Remove.59.Agoodnight’srestisessentialforourhealth.60.Iusuallysleepearlyandgetupearly,whichisagoodsleephabitandhelpsmekeepenerge

ticduringthedaytime.(Open)【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了睡眠是为了帮助我们清理大脑里的一些无用信息，同时睡眠也是为了帮助我们恢复身体疲劳，让我们能够更好的学习和生活。【56题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句Now,thereisnewevid

encewhichsuggeststhatthepurposeofsleepmaybetoforgetsomeofthemillionsofnewthingswelearneachday.（现在，有新的证据表明，睡眠的目的可能是忘记我们每天学习的数百万新事物中的一些）可知新的研究发

现睡觉的目的是为了忘记我们每天学习的数百万新事物中的一些。故答Toforgetsomeofthemillionsofnewthingswelearneachday.【57题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段Theneuronsinthehumanbrai

nconsistoffiberscalleddendrites.（人类大脑中的神经元由称为树突的纤维组成）以及后文主要说明了人类大脑中的神经元如何帮助储存信息，故第二段主旨大意是人类大脑中的神经元如何帮助储存信息。故答Howtheneuronsinthehumanbra

inhelpstoreinformation.【58题详解】词义猜测题。根据第三段Sleepingallowsustosortthroughthe“noise”.leavingbehindonlythemostimportantmemories可知

睡眠让我们能够对“噪音”进行分类,能让我们从“噪音”中筛选出所有不必要的信息，只留下最重要的记忆。故可知划线单词意思为“摆脱，删除”，故答Getridof./Doawaywith./Takeout./Remove.【59题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中Thou

ghscientistsmayneveragreeonasinglereason,theyareallsureofonething－agoodnight’srestisessentialforourhealth.（尽管科学家们可能永远不会在一个单一的原因上达成一致，但他们都确信一

件事——一夜好眠对我们的健康至关重要）可知所有的科学家一致同意晚上好好休息对我们的健康很重要。故答Agoodnight’srestisessentialforourhealth.【60题详解】本题为开放性题目，言之有理即可。如可答“我通常早睡早起，这是一个良好的睡眠习惯，帮助我

在白天保持精力充沛。”。故答Iusuallysleepearlyandgetupearly,whichisagoodsleephabitandhelpsmekeepenergeticduringthedaytime.【点睛】词

义猜测题是高考阅读理解中常考题型之一，可以大致分为①定义猜词，可以根据定义信息和举例猜测词义。如文中常用referto，becalled或that’stosay，suchas等。②逻辑猜词可以根据同义词、反义词、因果关系词等猜测词义，例如，similarly,thesameas,but,how

ever,while,ontheotherhand,since,because等，所猜词与这些提示词前/后面部分的含义一样、相反或是前因后果。③语法猜词，可以根据构词法，再结合上下文进行猜词。④语境猜词，猜测词义离不开上下文的语境，通过上下文提供的情景和线索进行合理的分析，同时还

要关注其所在的整段及整篇文章。如第三小题，根据上文Sleepingallowsustosortthroughthe“noise”leavingbehindonlythemostimportantmemories.可知睡眠让我们能够对“噪音”进行分类,能让我们从“噪音”中筛选出所有不必要的信息，

只留下最重要的记忆。故可知划线单词意思为“摆脱，删除”，故答Getridof./Doawaywith./Takeout./Remove.⑤指代猜词即找出人称代词、指示代词、关系代词或关系副词等所指代的内容，做题时要注意指代词的位置，以便于判断，然后用

所找的指代内容替换划线代词，核实其逻辑、意义、位置等是否一致，最后比较所找部分与选项，确定意思最接近的选项。第二节：书面表达（满分25分）61.假定你是李华，你校英语俱乐部将就“Howtokeephealt

hy”这一话题进行讨论。请你用英语写一篇发言稿，谈谈健康的重要性，并从饮食、运动、睡眠等方面就应该如何保持健康给出自己的建议。注意：（1）词数不少于100；（2）发言稿的开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数；（3）可适当补充细节，

使内容充实，行文连贯。Goodmorning,everyone!_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

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________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________________________That’sall.Thankyou!【答案】Go

odmorning,everyone!Asweallknow,healthisthemostimportantthingintheworld.Butwhatshouldwedotokeephealthy?Myviewsareasfollows.Fir

stly,eatinaproperway.It’sgoodforustoeatsomefreshvegetablesandfruitrichinvitaminsandmineralseveryday.Andbreakfastisnecessar

y.Itgivesusenergyforthemorning.Secondly,exerciseregularly.Exercisecanhelpkeepusstrongandactive.Thirdly,getenoughsleep.Stayinguplateisbadforourhealth

.Gotobedearlyandwe’llfeelrefreshednextmorning.Lastbutnotleast,enjoythetimewithyourfriendsandfamily,whichwillalsocontributetoyourgoodhealth.That’sall

.Thankyou!【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文写作。【详解】第1步：根据提示可知,假定你是李华，你校英语俱乐部将就“Howtokeephealthy”这一话题进行讨论。请你用英语写一篇发言稿，谈谈健康的重要性，并从饮食、运动、睡眠等方面就应该如何保持

健康给出自己的建议。第2步：根据写作要求,确定关键词（组）：asweallknow（众所周知）；keephealthy?（保持健康）；freshvegetables（新鲜蔬菜）；exerciseregularly（定期锻炼）；st

ayup（熬夜）等。第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句,注意主谓一致和时态问题。此处文章主要应用一般现在时。第4步：连句成文,注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡,书写一定要规范清晰,保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。

【点睛】范文内容完整,语言规范,语篇连贯,词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式,如It’sgoodforustoeatsomefreshvegetablesandfruitrichinvitaminsandmineralseveryday.运用了it做形式

主语；Lastbutnotleast,enjoythetimewithyourfriendsandfamily,whichwillalsocontributetoyourgoodhealth.运用非限定性定语从句。全文中没有中国式英语

的句式,显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外,文章思路清晰、层次分明,上下句转换自然,为文章增色添彩。