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1/17第03讲代词目录01考情透视·目标导航······················································································

····································202知识导图·思维引航·········································································

·················································303考点突破·考法探究·················································································

·········································3【基础详单】·································································

········································································3知识点代词概述及命题方向········································

···························································3考点一代词的词形转换··································

···················································································4知识点1人称代词··················································

···································································4知识点2物主代词····························

·························································································5知识点3反身代词····································

·············································································6考点二it知识点1it的基本用法·························

····················································································7知识点2it的高频考查句型和短语·····································

···················································8知识点3it用法易错点···········································

···························································10考点三不定代词知识点1基本用法和解题技巧····························································

··································10知识点2易错总结··········································································

····································11考点四疑问代词、相互代词、指示代词04真题练习·命题洞现2/171.真题实战······························

·································································································132.命题演练·······································

························································································13题型考情分析语法填空、改错、单选但年份卷别代词代词是高考重要考点。分析近年高考真题可知

，代词考点在新课标卷、北京卷、浙江卷中主要出现在语法填空中，全国甲乙卷语法填空和短文改错都会考查到代词，各卷的书面表达中也会大量涉及代词的运用。语法填空中主要考查以下两类有提示词：1.宾格形式：在句中作宾语或表语。2.物主代

词：形容词性物主代词在名词前作定语。名词性物主代词作主语、宾语或表语。3.反身代词。无提示词：1.it替代真正的主语或宾语2.some,any,another,both，one等不定代词。注意：解题时要仔

细观察复杂语境中代词所充当的真正句子分成。2024全国甲卷is;me改为mine浙江1月卷ones2023新高考Ⅰ卷they-theirs全国甲卷we改为us(改错）全国乙卷his改为her（改错）天津第二次one2022北京卷themselves全国甲卷去掉my（改错）全

国乙卷its;they改为you（改错）3/174/17【基础详单】知识点代词概述代词是用来替代名词的词，也用来代替起名词作用的短语和句子。英语中的代词根据其意义和作用可以分为9类：人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、疑

问代词、相互代词、关系代词、连接代词和不定代词。命题方向：高频考点:1.以考查代词的词形转换为主；2.it作形式主语和形式宾语或用于固定短语和句型；低频考点为不定代词的用法。种类常见用法人称代词主格：I,we,you,he,she,they,it宾格：

me,us,you,him,her,them,it物主代词形容性物主代词：my,our,your,his,her,their,its，近年对its考查较多，值得重点关注。名词性物主代词：mine,ours,yours,his,hers,t

heirs,its反身代词形式：myself,ourselves,yourself,yourselves,herself,himself,themselves,itself,oneself用法：动词宾语、介词宾语、表语、同

位语动词短语：behaveoneself,dressoneself,enjoyoneself,expressoneself；介词短语：byoneself,foroneself,inoneself,tooneself，这些固定搭配应该重点记忆。不定代词all,both,eith

er,none,neither,each,any，这里要注意并列连词的使用，它也是解题的关键。some-,any-,no-等+thing,+body的合成代词many,much,(a)few,(a)lit

tle，这里注意所修饰的名词的单复数。theother,another,that,those,theothers,others,one,ones注意指代(2024年浙江1月高考考查ones)it用法1.做形式主语：Itisnecessar

ytorepeatthewholething.2.做形式宾语：Shemadeitclear(that)wewerenotwelcome.3.做宾补：Ihavemadeitclearthateverybodyisnotallowedtosmokehere.

4.用于强调句：It’sSpainthathewentto,notPortugal.5.模糊指代：表示一般情况。指代气候、天气、温度、时间、地点、距离等。5/17考点一代词的词形转换知识点1人称代词人称代词主格Iweyou(你)you(你

们)hesheitthey人称代词宾格meusyouyouhimheritthem名师提醒：1.作主语：人称代词主格(I、we、you等)。2.作宾语/表语：人称代词宾格(me、us、you等)、名词

性物主代词(mine、ours、yours等)。知识点2物主代词形容词性物主代词myouryour(你的)your(你们的)hisheritstheir名词性物主代词mineoursyoursyourshishersitstheirs名师提醒:作定语：形容词性物主代词(my、our、

your等)。名词性物主代词相当于“形容词性物主代词+n.”。典例1.（2024湖南长沙·雅礼中学模拟）Afterworkingformanyyearstoincrease(they)numbers,therea

renowmorethan1800giantpandasthatliveinthewild.典例2.（2024福建·福州高三模拟）Themaindifferencebetweenourbrainsandthoseo

fmonkeysisthat(we)arebigger.变式训练1.Growingupinadifferentenvironmentfrom________(they)elders,theyhavew

itnessedChina’sriseasaglobaleconomicpowerhouseandformedabrand-newconsumptionconcept.变式训练2Toysofthechildre

ntodayhardlyhaveanyresemblancetothoseof_______（we）whenwewerelittlekids.6/17知识点3反身代词含反身代词的高频短语enjoyoneself玩得愉快c

ometooneself苏醒byoneself独自地teachoneself自学devoteoneselfto致力于……ofoneself自动地behaveoneself举止得体helponeselfto自己取用……for

oneself为自己seatoneself坐下makeoneselfathome不拘束beoneself身心自在applyoneselfto致力于.....dressoneself穿衣；穿着，打扮saytoo

neself心里想【名师提醒】反身代词在句中可用作宾语、表语、同位语等。如果宾语与主语是指同一人或物，用反身代词(myself、yourself、itself等)。【易错点】1.混淆代词宾格和形容词性物主代词。考查代词作定语修饰名词时，设空处后面的名词容易被考生容易忽略，只关注空格前面的动词或

介词误填代词宾格。2.代词前后指代逻辑意义不一致以及单复数形式混淆是高频易错点。典例1.（2024·江苏扬州·高三模拟）Nowadays,havingalreadybeenlistedasProvincialIntangibleCultureHerit

agebytheSichuanProvincialGovernment,thisartisengaging(it)inthegeneralpublicentertainment.典例2.（2024·江苏南通·期末试题）Whenin

teractingwithothers,peopleshouldput(they)intheotherperson’sposition,regardingitasacodeofconducttoliveharmoniouslywithothers

.变式训练1.Shehasbeenpostingvideosof(she)dressedinhanfuontheInternet,whichhasattractedmanyfansonChineselifestyle.变式训练2.Wemust

firstofallhaveconfidencein(we).单数myselfyourselfhimself,herself,itself复数ourselvesyourselvesthemselves7/17考点二it知识点1代词it基本用法1.it指天气、时间、距离、环境；Itistwenty

milesfromheretothevillage.从这里到那个村庄有20英里路。2.it代前面所提到过的事物、群体、想法等；Althoughhedidn’tlikeit,Idecidedtoseethemov

ieanyway.尽管他不喜欢看这部电影，但我还是决定去看一看。3.身份不明的人或婴儿；Whatwillyoucallitifitisaboy?要是男孩的话，你会给他取个什么名字？4.it用于强调句型中。Itisonthefarmwhereweworkedtogethert

hatwegottoknoweachother.我们是在一起工作过的农场上相互认识的。5.it充当形式主语或宾语。典例1.（2018·高考英语全国卷I）Ifyouaretimepoor,youneedrunforonlyhalfthetimetogetthesamebenefitsaso

thersports,soperhapsweshouldallgive_______atry.典例1.（2024湖北襄阳·高三·期末）“TheWudialectmakesPingtanstandoutbutalsomakesinaccessibletoawideraudien

ce,”Geadded.知识点2it高频考查句型和短语常考it作形式主语的句型1.It+be+adj./n.+for/of+不定式。“对某人来说做某事是......”。形容词easy,difficult,hard,necessary,unnecessary,possible等用for。

形容词kind,nice,wise,silly,polite,impolite,friendly,foolish等用of。2.It+is+nogood/use/uselessdoingsth.；做某事是没用的。Itisnousearguingwithhim;hew

on'tchangehismind.同他争论没用，他不会改变主意。3.It+be+名词词组（apity/afact/nowonder...）/adj.+that从句Itisapitythatyoucan’tgowithher.你不能和她一起去真是太遗憾了。8/174.

It’swellworthdoing...在该句型中，doing用主动形式表达被动含义。5.It+appear/seem/turnout/occurtosb....+that...“似乎/好像/证明/

某人突然想到......”。6.It+is+said/believed/supposed/thought/reported+that从句...“据认为/据报道......”=Peoplesay/believe/suppose/reportthat...=Sb/Sth.i

ssaidtodo...Itisreportedthat16peoplewerekilledintheearthquake.据报道有16人在这次地震中丧生。7.It+takessbsometime/somemoneyt

odosth.“做某事花费某人多长时间”。8.Itisnatural/necessary/important/strange＋that从句”中，从句的谓语动词常用“should＋动词原形”，且should可以省略。常考it作形式宾语的句型1.主语＋b

elieve/consider/find/feel/think/guess/suppose/make＋it＋adj./n.＋不定式/动名词/从句。IfinditeasytogetonwithJohn.我发现和约翰相处很容易。Hedidn’tmakeitclearwhenandwhere

themeetingwouldbeheld.他没有说清楚何时何地举行会议。2.某些及物动词或短语后不能直接跟从句。此时须先用it，然后接从句，有此用法的动词(短语)：like,dislike,hate,appreciate,dependon,relyon,cou

nton等。Youcandepend/countonitthat...你可以相信/指望......IhateitwhenIhavetospeakinFrenchonthephone.不得不用法语打电话，我感到很厌烦。Ilikeitwhenshesingsmeasong.我喜欢她为我

唱歌。3.it可用于表达意义不明确的语境中，如：getit(明白了)；makeit(成功了)；forgetit(算了）4.Assomeoneputsit...像某人所说的那样......典例1.（2024·全国甲卷高考真题）Thisarea,with_________(it)uni

queandbreathtakingnaturalbeauty,mustbewellpreservedforallpeopleofthenationtoenjoy-asanationalpark.典例2.（2018·高考英语浙江卷）Manyw

esternerswhocometoChinacookmuchlessthanintheirowncountriesoncetheyrealizehowcheap_______canbetoeatout.变

式训练1.Unlike(it)seeminglysimpleappearance,makingaguqinisextremelydemanding.变式训练2.Yourhouseisalwayssoneat----howd

oyoumanage___________withthreechildren?9/17知识点3it用法易错点It＋be＋时间段＋since引导的状语从句，“自……以来已多久了”。表示现在的情况时，主句多用一般现在时或现在完成时，从句多用一般过去时；表示过去的情况时，主句用一般

过去时，从句用过去完成时。1.Itisthreeyearssincehisfatherpassedaway.自从他父亲去世已经三年了。2.Itwas10yearssincetheyhadmarried.自从他们结婚已经十年了。It＋be＋时间段＋before引导的状语从句句型中的“时间段”

一般为sometime,long,...years,...months,...weeks,...days,...hours,...minutes等。主句中的be可用一般过去时was/were或一般将来时willbe：用was/were时，before从句用一般过去时；用willbe时，be

fore从句常用一般现在时。1.Itwasn'tlongbeforehetoldusaboutthisaffair.没过多久他就告诉了我们这件事情。2.Itwillbemanyyearsbeforethesituationimproves.这种状况要过许

多年才能得到改善。It＋be＋时间点＋when引导的状语从句这个句型中，it指时间，而且表示时间的词语前没有介词(时间一般为具体时间)。主句的谓语动词和从句的谓语动词在时态上一般是一致的，但是当主句是将来时时

，从句一般用一般现在时代替将来时。Itwasalready8o'clockwhenwegothome.我们到家时已经8点了。It＋be＋time＋that引导的从句这个句型中从句需用虚拟语气，该句型表示“是做……的时候了”，从句谓语动词常用过去式(be用were)。ti

me之前有时可加上high或about以加强语气。Itishightime(that)shewrotealettertohermother.她早该写一封信给她妈妈了。It＋be＋thefirst/second/third...time＋that引导的从句，“这/那是某人第几次

做某事”。主句中be是is时，从句要用现在完成时；主句中be是was时，则从句需相应地用过去完成时。Itisthefirsttime(that)theseEuropeanshavevisitedtheGreatWall.这是这些欧洲人第一次参观长城。10/17考点三不定代词知识点1基本

用法和解题技巧1.one,ones,theone,theones,those,it,that的区别one代指可数名词，单数，泛指；复数ones;theone代指可数名词，单数，特指;复数theones/thosethat代指不可数名词或可数名词单数

或相当于theoneit上文中所提到的同一个事物2.theother,other,another,others的区别theother指两者中的另一个，常与one连用，构成one...,theother...“一个……另一个……”。otherother不能单独使用，只能修饰名词，表示泛指意义ano

ther可单独使用，也可修饰名词，泛指三者或三者以上的人或物中的“另一个”，代替或修饰单数可数名词。另外another后可接“基数词/few＋复数名词”形式，表示“另外的……(多少)”others单独使用，表示泛指意义，意为

“其他的人或事物”，常与some一起出现；特指其他的全部人或事物时用theothers3.either,both,neither,all,none,any的区别either表示两者中的一个，作主语时，谓语动

词常用单数。both表示两者都，作主语时，谓语动词用复数neither表示两者都不，作主语时，谓语动词常用单数否定all表示三者或三者以上都，作主语时，谓语动词的人称和数应与all所指代的人或事物保持一致none表示三者或三者以上都不，作主语后接复数名词时，谓语动词可用单数也可用

复数；后接不可数名词时，谓语动词用单数否定。any表示三者中的任意一个，作主语时，谓语动词用单复数均可，常与of连用4.none,noone与nothing的区别1.none指人或物，表特指，可与of短语连用，回答疑问词howm

any/much引起的问句。2.nothing指物，表泛指，不与of短语连用，回答疑问词what引起的问句。11/173.noone/nobody指代人，表泛指，不与of短语连用，回答疑问词who引起的问句。Iwasgoingtoofferyousomecakes,butthereisnonele

ft.我本打算请你吃些蛋糕，但一点也没剩下。1.理清句子结构，确定不定代词1.若指代前面出现过的不可数名词或单数可数名词则用that，若指代复数形式用those；2.若指代前面出现过的某类事物中的“一个”则用one，若指代复数形式用ones。知识点2易错总结

易错提醒：1.两者：二者选其一用either;二者都不选用neither;二者都选用both；2.三者或三者以上：三者或三者以上的任何一个用any;三者或三者以上都不选用none;三者或三者以上都选用all；3.其

他：若表示“(三者或三者以上中的)另外一个”用another；若表示“(两者中的)另一个”用theother；若表示“其余的，另外的”，在名词前用other;若不跟名词且指代复数，用others。4.all,both,every,everybody,everything与not用于同一句

中，表示部分否定；全部否定用neither,none,noone,nothing及“no与名词连用”等都表示全部否定。Noneofuswasgoingtotheparty.我们之中没人去参加那个聚会。Notallofthemsmoke.=Allofthemd

on'tsmoke.他们当中不是所有的人都抽烟。不定代词用于习惯搭配中nothingbut仅仅，只是;anythingbut决不somethingof有几分，略微;orsomething诸如此类的人或物ifanything要说有什么两样的话;havesomething/nothingt

odowith...与......有/无关allbut几乎，差不多;everyotherday每隔一天典例1.（2024·广东广州·高三模拟）TravelportalTrip.comGroupsaidthatasofAug1

7searchesforgrouptourstoJapanexceededforThailandandSingapore—traditionaltopchoicesforChinesetravelers.典例2.（202

4·重庆名校·模拟试题）Justanhouraftercompletingherfirstaidcourse,Mamtawaswaitingatabusstopwhensheheardacrashandsawamotorcyclistfl

yingthroughtheair—hishelmetwasgoingonewayandhismotorbikethe.12/17变式训练1.Inhumans,babiescanputaroundshapeinaroundholefromaroundoneyearof

age,butitwillbeyearbeforetheyareabletodothesamewithlesssymmetrical(对称的)shapes.变式训练2.Additionally,fromtime

totimeIwillassigngroupworktobecompletedinclassorshortassignmentstobecompletedathome,ofwhichwillbegraded.考点四疑问代

词、相互代词、指示代词疑问代词：疑问代词在高考试题中主要以听力题干和阅读的形式出现。有who,whom,whose,which,what,whose等。相互代词：是表示相互关系的代词，eachother(两者),oneanother(三者或三者以上)。指示代词：指上文提到的，单数this/tha

t;复数these/those;常见习惯搭配：thatistosay=thatis...也就是说That’it.对啦！可不是嘛！That’enough!我受够了！Thatwilldo.那正好。疑问代词1.what的习惯用法Whatif...？表示假设、建议、征求意见或疑虑Whatdoy

oumean(by...)？表示愤怒、不满等情绪What/Howabout...？用于征求对方意见、询问对方的情况Sowhat？那又怎么样呢？(表示不感兴趣或认为不重要)Guesswhat？你猜怎么着

？(用以引起他人的注意)Likewhat？比如说？Whatishe?他是干什么的？13/17WhatisthepopulationofChina？中国人口是多少？thedistance？距离有多远？

theprice？价格是多少？youraddress？你住在哪里？yourattitude？你的态度怎样？theheight/weight/depth/length/width/size？高度/重量/深度/长度/宽度/大小是多少？2.w

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