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必修第一册Unit4NaturalDisastersⅠ.阅读理解A[2021·广州市高三阶段性训练]TheWuhanInstituteofShipbuildingTechnologywasusedasaquarantines

ite(隔离区)fromFeb8toMarch28.ChengShining,ajuniorofCentralChinaNormalUniversityinWuhan,wasresponsibleforcollectinganddistr

ibutingsuppliesforquarantinedpeopleandmedicalstaff.Astheyoungestvolunteeratthissite,healsochosetolivetheresothathe

couldshowupwheneverhewasneeded.OnedayChengandtwoothervolunteerstookmorethan3hourstomoveall1,462boxesofmineralwatertos

toragewith50firemen'shelp.Chengsays.“Asingleperson'sstrengthislimited,butweknowthewholecountryishelpingus.”ChengwasavolunteerfortheMilitaryWor

ldGamesheldinWuhanlastOctober.Itwasthefirsttimehesawhishometownundertheworld'sspotlight.“I'veexperiencedthehighligh

tofWuhan,andnowwhenmyhometowntouchedalowpoint,Iwanttogetthroughthedifficultytogetherwiththecity，”Chengsays.LikeCheng,28-year-oldWuhanlocalZhuAobingal

sovolunteeredtohelphishomecity.Hesigneduprightawaytobeavolunteerforthevaccine.Atotalof108Wuhanlocalsbecamethefirstgro

upofCOVID-19vaccinevolunteersinMarch.Theyarehealthyadultsagedfrom18to60selectedfromthousandsofpeoplewhoapplied.“Sincethe

lockdown,I'vealwaysbeenthinkingwhatIcandoformyhometownduringtheepidemic，”hesays.ZhuisafreshmanofHubeiUni

versityofTechnologyinWuhan.Hejoinedthearmywhenhewas18yearsoldandservedforfiveyears.However,Zhudidn'twanttom

issthechancetostudyfurther,sohedecidedtogotocollegelastyear.“NomatterhowlongIhavefinishedmymilitaryservice,Ialwayshavetheresponsibilitytogotot

hefrontlinewhenthecountryneedsme,andwhenfacingthispandemic(疫情)，beingavaccinevolunteeriswhatIshoulddo，”hesay

s.1．HowdoesChengsoundwhentalkingaboutthehelpfromthefiremen?A．DescriptiveandseriousB．GenerousandexcitingC．Apprec

iativeandoptimisticD．Cautiousandsupportive2．HowcanZhuhelphishomecity?A．ByservingtheMilitaryWorldGames.B．Byhel

pingrunaquarantinesite.C．Bystudyingfurtherincollege.D．Bybeingavaccinevolunteer.3．Whatdoesthe“highlight”

probablyrefertoinpara.3?A．WuhanheldtheMilitaryWorldGamesuccessfully.B．Wuhanwaslockeddownbecauseofthe

COVID-19.C．ChengwasavolunteerfortheMilitaryWorldGame.D．Chengwasavolunteertostorethemineralwater.4．What

doChengandZhuhaveincommon?A．TheyareWuhanlocals.B．Theyservedinthearmy.C．Theyareofthesameage.D．Theygraduatedfromuniversity.5．Wh

ichofthefollowingismostlikelysaidbyPresidentXitothemduringtheepidemic?A．Diligenceiscrucialforthedevelopmentofourcountry.B．Chines

edreamiswhatpushesthewholecountryahead.C．Lifeisabookandyouareresponsibleforyourownpage.D．TheChineseyouthofthenewer

acanshouldergreatmissions.B[2021·山东一模]Thisseason,thebushfiresinAustraliahaveburnedmorethan12.35millionacresofland

.Atleast25peoplehavebeenkilledand2,000homesdestroyed.AccordingtotheBBC,thisisthemostcasualties(伤亡)fromwildfiresinthecountrysince2009.TheUniversityof

Sydneyestimatesthat480millionanimalshavediedinSouthWalesalone.ZekeHausfather,anenergysystemsanalystandclimateresearcher

atBerkeleyEarth,saidwarmertemperaturesandextremeweatherhavemadeAustraliamoresusceptible_tofiresandincre

asedthelengthofthefireseason.“Thedrierconditionscombinedwithrecordhightemperaturesin2019createdmainconditionsforthedisastrousfires.Australia'sfi

reswereworsenedbythecombinationofthosetwo.2019wastheperfectstormforbeingthewarmestyearonrecordforAustraliaandthedriestyearonrecord

forAustralia，”HausfatheraddedonFriday.KevinTrenberth,aseniorscientistattheUSNationalCenterforAtmosphericRes

earch,saidwarmeroceantemperaturesarealsocontributedtomorevariableweatheraroundtheworld.Trenberthbeliev

esthatglobalwarmingcontributedtoenergyimbalancesandhotspotsintheoceans,whichcancreateawaveintheatmos

pherethatlocksweatherpatternsinplaces,causinglongerraineventsinIndonesia,forexample,andatthesametimecontributingtodr

oughtinAustralia.Hesaidthatonceanareaexperiencesdroughtconditionsfortwomonthsormore,itincreasestheriskoffirescatchingand

spreading.Thosechangingweatherpatternsduetoglobalwarmingmakedroughteventslonger.Climateexpertsstressthatclimatechangeisnottheonlyf

actorintheseverityofwildfires.Howlandismanagedcanalsoimpacttheamountoffuelavailableforfires.Practiceslikecontrolledburnsandotherfa

ctorscanimpacttherisktopeopleandproperty,suchaswarningsystemsandthetypeofdevelopmentinagivenarea.Changingthosepolicie

shasgreatpotentialtolimitfuturedamagefromwildfiresalongwithchangestohowfiremanagementresourcesaredispatched(派遣)．6．Whatarethenumbersaboutinpar

agraph1?A．ThecausesofAustralianfires.B．TheresultsofAustralianfires.C．ThedamagedareasofAustralianfires.D．Thepropertydest

ructionofAustralianfires.7．Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“susceptibleto”inthesecondparagraph?A．Veryquicklytoadaptto.B．Verys

eriouslytofocuson.C．Verylikelytobeinfluencedby.D．Veryeasilytobeprotectedagainst.8．WhatcanweinferfromTrenberth'sresear

ch?A．Globalwarmingistherootcauseofthebushfires.B．Longerdryweathercontributestoglobalwarming.C．Warmeroceantemperaturespromotefiresspreading.D．Theimb

alancedenergyleadstothetemperaturerising.9．Whatdoestheauthorintendtodointhelastparagraph?A．TostresstheeffectsofAustraliafires.B．Toshowthemethodsfor

controllingburns.C．TopredicttheseriousnessofAustraliafires.D．Toprovidesomeadviceaboutreducingdamage.Ⅱ.完形填空[2021·湖北武汉高三质量检测]SusieGoodallfina

llywasdiscoveredandrescued.Shewasavolunteerinthe__1__GoldenGlobeRaceaccompanyingsailorsthroughthe__2__June.OnWednesdaymorning,G

oodallwas2,000mileswestofSouthAmericawhenherboatwaslikeadrunkenmaninastrongwindandabrokenbarknockedher__3

__unconscious.Butsoonafterthatsheawakenedandatoncerangthealarmthroughheremergencysystemandaseriesoftroubling__4__，whichhadrec

ordedherhappeningsduringthejourney,werepostedonherFacebookatonce.Chile'sMaritimeCenterreceivedher__5__andsoonorderedashiptoc

hangeitscoursetorescueGoodall.Meanwhile，allGoodallcoulddowaswait—tryingtokeepherboat__6__inthewavingSouthP

acificandpumpingoutwaterhatwas__7__intodamagedcabin(船舱),whichmadeherworriedaboutherpresentsituation.WhentheChi

leanshipfinally__8__Goodall,loweringdownasmallboattosaveherseemed__9__becauseupto13feetwaveswill__10__theboatatanytim

e.__11__，crewmembersonboard__12__anotherway—loweredalongthickropefromtheship,and__13__Goodallfromhershiptosafety.

Asluckwouldhaveit,thechosenmethodreallyworked.GoodallarrivedattheChileanportwithoutanydelay.OnherFacebook,Goodallwrote：“

TheywerethehardestandloneliestdaysI'veeverhad.Actually,allIwantedwasabreakwithno__14__tothebusydailylif

e.ButImightaswell__15__homeinsteadofgivingup.”1．A.finalB．previousC．monthlyD．annual2．A.tourB．voyageC．tripD．scene3．A.permanentlyB．totallyC．tempo

rarilyD．seriously4．A.updatesB．questionsC．fantasiesD．thoughts5．A.callB．warningC．signalD．reply6．A.dryB．tidyC．stillD．st

eady7．A.leakingB．flyingC．flowingD．dropping8．A.rescuedB．abandonedC．passedD．spotted9．A.fastB．properC．impossibleD．uncomf

ortable10．A.swallowB．liftC．hitD．push11．A.BesidesB．OtherwiseC．InsteadD．Also12．A.changedB．recommendedC．admiredD．described13．A.p

ulledB．keptC．graspedD．fetched14．A.answerB．accessC．damageD．contribution15．A.driveB．rideC．walkD．sailⅢ.语法填空ThewildfiresinAustraliabecameconsiderablywo

rseinJanuary,2020.Thedisasterfacedby1.________countryisfarfromover.Manyofthefires2.________(send)smokehighintotheatmosphereandsom

esmoketurnedintopyrocumulonimbuscloud.Thecloudscanhelpafiredrawinmoreairandshiftsurfacewinds,3.________(result)infiretornadoes(龙卷风)．F

ireshavedestroyedhabitatsforanimalsthat4.________(find)onlyinAustralia,includingkoalasandrarebirds.Itwilltaketimetofullyknowhowmuchharmshavedone5.__

______wildlife.Thewildfiresareexpected6.________(continue)burningformonthsasAustraliaentereditsdryseason.Thispastyear,2019,isthehottestanddries

tyearonrecord.Fireshappen7.________(regular)duringtheAustraliandryseason.However，climateandnaturalchangesaremakingthesituation8._____

___(bad).Atleast12millionacreshavebeenburnedsofarinVictoriaandNewSouthWalesalone.Smokefromthefireshasm

ade9.________toSouthAmerica.Thereissomuchsmokethatitmaystayintheairformonths,10.________couldhaveasmalleffectonthepla

net'sclimate.详解答案必修第一册Unit4NaturalDisastersⅠ.阅读理解A【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章分别讲述了两位来自武汉的志愿者在疫情期间做出的贡献。1．答案与解析：C推理判断题。根据第二段的Asing

leperson'sstrengthislimited,butweknowthewholecountryishelpingus.可知，在程看来，虽然个人的力量有限，但他知道整个国家都在帮助他们。由此推测，

他一方面有对于国家援助的感激之情，另一方面也能感受到战胜疫情的信心。C.Appreciativeandoptimistic(感激并且乐观)符合以上推测，故选C项。2．答案与解析：D细节理解题。根据第四段第一二句LikeCheng,28-year-oldWu

hanlocalZhuAobingalsovolunteeredtohelphishomecity.Hesigneduprightawaytobeavolunteerforthevaccine.(像程一样，28岁的武汉当地人，朱奥兵也自愿帮助自己的家乡。他立刻报名成为疫苗的志愿者。)可知，朱帮

助自己城市的方式就是申请成为疫苗志愿者。D.Bybeingavaccinevolunteer.(通过成为疫苗志愿者)符合以上说法，故选D项。3．答案与解析：A词义猜测题。根据划线上文“ChengwasavolunteerfortheMilitaryW

orldGamesheldinWuhanlastOctober.Itwasthefirsttimehesawhishometownundertheworld'sspotlight.(程是去年十月在武汉举行的

军事世界运动会的志愿者。这是他第一次看到自己的家乡成为世界的焦点)”由此可知，highlight所在句意思为：程说：“我已经经历了武汉的辉煌(即武汉成功举办了世界军事运动会)，现在当我的家乡陷入低谷时，我想和这座城市一起度过难关。”可

知，highlight指的是“武汉成功举办了世界军事运动会”。故选A。4．答案与解析：A细节理解题。根据第四段第一句LikeCheng,28-year-oldWuhanlocalZhuAobingalsovolunteeredtohelphishomecity.可知答

案为A。5．答案与解析：D推理判断题。根据第一段的ChengShining,ajuniorofCentralChinaNormalUniversityinWuhan,wasresponsibleforcoll

ectinganddistributingsuppliesforquarantinedpeopleandmedicalstaff.Astheyoungestvolunteeratthissite,healsochosetolivether

esothathecouldshowupwheneverhewasneeded.(程，武汉华中师范大学二年级学生，负责为隔离区和医护人员收集和分发供给品。作为这个点最小的志愿者，他也选择了住在这里，这样他就可以在任何需要他

的时间出现)和最后一段的NomatterhowlongIhavefinishedmymilitaryservice,Ialwayshavetheresponsibilitytogotothefrontlin

ewhenthecountryneedsme,andwhenfacingthispandemic，beingavaccinevolunteeriswhatIshoulddo(不管我已经服完兵役多久，当国家需要我的时候我都有责任去

到最前线，当面对疫情时，成为疫苗志愿者就是我应该做的)可知，两位志愿者虽然年轻但都能为国家为大局挺身而出负起责任，由此推断D.TheChineseyouthoftheneweracanshouldergr

eatmissions.(中国新时代的年轻人能肩负伟大的职责)更有可能是习总书记对他们说的话，故选D项。B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了澳大利亚森林大火产生的条件和蔓延的原因。6．答案与解析：B推理判断题。由第一段Thisseason,thebushfiresinAus

traliahaveburnedmorethan12.35millionacresofland.Atleast25peoplehavebeenkilledand2,000homesdestroyed.这

个季节，澳大利亚的森林大火已经烧毁了1235万英亩的土地。至少25人死亡，2000间房屋被毁。本段数据表明森林大火产生的严重后果。7．答案与解析：C词句猜测题。由第二段“ZekeHausfather,anenergysyste

msanalystandclimateresearcheratBerkeleyEarth,saidwarmertemperaturesandextremeweatherhavemadeAustraliamoresusceptible_tofiresandincrease

dthelengthofthefireseason.”(加州大学伯克利分校地球分校的能源系统分析师萨福尔说，气温升高和极端天气使澳大利亚更容易发生火灾，并延长了火的长度。)可推测气温升高和极端天气更容易发生火灾，moresusceptibleto意为“更容易受到”与C项Veryli

kelyto“对……可能”意思相近。故选C项。8．答案与解析：A推理判断题。由第三段Hesaidthatonceanareaexperiencesdroughtconditionsfortwomonthsormore,itincreases

theriskoffirescatchingandspreading.Thosechangingweatherpatternsduetoglobalwarmingmakedroughteventslonger.(他说，一旦一个地区经历了两个月或更长时间的干旱，它就会增

加火灾蔓延的风险。那些由于全球变暖而改变的天气使得干旱持续的时间更长。)可推断，全球气候变暖是森林火灾的根本原因。9．答案与解析：D推理判断题。由第四段Practiceslikecontrolledburnsandotherfactorscanimpac

ttherisktopeopleandproperty,suchaswarningsystemsandthetypeofdevelopmentinagivenarea.(控制烧伤等做法和其他因素可影响对人员和财产的风险，如预警系统和特定地区

的开发类型。)可知，作者在最后一段介绍控制火灾造成的伤害的方法。Ⅱ.完形填空【语篇解读】文章主要讲述了一名航海志愿者SusieGoodall在航海过程中先遇险后获救的故事。1．答案与解析：D考查形容词词义辨析。根据2题后面的everyJune可知，该航海比赛每年举行一次。fina

l意为“最终的”previous意为“先前的”；monthly意为“每月的”；annual意为“每年的”。故选D。2．答案与解析：B考查名词词义辨析。根据上下文的语境可知，此处举办的是航海比赛。tour意为“旅行”；voyage意为“航海”；trip意为“短途旅行”；scene意为“场景”。故选

B。3．答案与解析：C考查副词词义辨析。permanently意为“永久地”；totally意为“总共地”；temporarily意为“暂时地”；seriously意为“严重地”。根据下文的Butsoonafterthatsheawakened可知

，她很快苏醒了过来，所以当时她应是暂时昏迷了，故选C。4．答案与解析：A考查名词词义辨析。根据语境可知，此处表达的是，她在Facebook上实时更新她航行的一些消息。update意为“更新”；question意为“问题”；fantasy意为“幻想

”；thought意为“想法”。故选A。5．答案与解析：C考查名词词义辨析。根据上文Goodall在醒来之后的求救行为(rangthealarm)可知，此处表达的是，智利海事通信中心接收到了她发出的信号。call意为“呼叫”；warning意为“警报”；signal意为“信号”；re

ply意为“回复”，故选C。6．答案与解析：D考查形容词词义辨析。根据前文的whenherboatwaslikeadrunkenmaninastrongwind可知，此处应是指需要在海浪中保持平稳以确保安全，故选D。7．答

案与解析：A考查动词词义辨析。根据上文可知，Goodall在航行过程中遇险，船一定漏水了，故要处理渗入船舱的水。leak意为“渗入”；fly意为“飞行”；flow意为“流淌”；drop意为“掉落”。故选A。8．答案与解析：D考查动词词义辨析。根据下文的内容可知，智利方面的船

发现了Goodall。rescue意为“援救”；abandon意为“抛弃”；pass意为“通过”；spot意为“发现”。故选D。易错警示：本题很多考生会错选A项，单看此句及该事件的结果可错选A项。但是由下文的一系列做

法可知，A处应是指船“发现”Goodall。9．答案与解析：C考查形容词词义辨析。根据下文内容可知，搜救船只采取了别的方法。由此可推断，这种方法是不可行的，所以此处表达的是，放下一条小船去救她似乎是不可能的。故选C

。10．答案与解析：A考查动词词义辨析。句意：因为高达13英尺的海会随时淹没这艘船。根据上下文语境及常识可知，此处指，海高达13英尺，会随时淹没这条船。swallow意为“吞没”；lift意为“上升”；hit意为“打击”；push意为“推”。故选A。11．答案与解析：C考查副词词义辨析

。根据上文可知，放出小船来进行营救不可行，但是，搜救的船准备了其他的方案。前后文是转折关系。故选C。12．答案与解析：B考查动词词义辨析。根据语境可知，在第一种方法不可行的前提下，船员应是“推荐”了另一种方法。change

意为“改变”；recommend意为“推荐”；admire意为“钦佩”；describe意为“描述”。故选B。13．答案与解析：A考查动词词义辨析。根据上文可知，从船上放下了一根绳子，故此处应是指(船)拉着Goodall到安全的

地方。pull意为“拉”；keep意为“保持”；grasp意为“抓住”；fetch意为“取来”。故选A。14．答案与解析：B考查名词词义辨析。根据语境可知，此处指进入到繁忙的生活中。accessto意为“进入”，为固定用法。故选B。15．答案与解析：D考查动词词义辨析。根据语境可知，C

oodall可能还是要坐船回家，故选D。Ⅲ.语法填空【语篇解读】澳大利亚的森林大火在2020年1月变得更加严重，同时火灾中产生的烟雾又引发了火灾龙卷风。1．答案与解析：the考查冠词。此处的country特指上文的Australia，故应用定冠词。故填the。2．

答案与解析：sent考查时态。根据后文的turnedinto可知，此处应用一般过去时，且主语Manyofthefires与谓语动词send之间是主谓关系。故填sent。3．答案与解析：resulting考查非谓语

动词。分析句子成分可知，result在句中作非谓语动词，且与逻辑主语clouds构成主动关系，故应用现在分词。故填resulting。4．答案与解析：arefound考查时态及语态。本句的主语animals与动词find

构成动宾关系，且该句话描述的是当前的事实故应用一般现在时的被动语态。故填arefound。5．答案与解析：to考查介词。doharmto为固定短语，意为“伤害”。故填to。6．答案与解析：tocontinue考查非谓语动

词。beexpectedtodosth.为固定搭配，意为“被期望做某事”。故填tocontinue。7．答案与解析：regularly考查词性转换。修饰动词happen应用副词。故填regularly。8．答案与解析：worse考查形容词的比较级。根据句意可知，此处表

示“更糟”，故应用形容词的比较级形式。故填worse。9．答案与解析：it考查代词。makeitto为固定短语，意为“到”。故填it。10．答案与解析：which考查非限制性定语从句。分析句子成分可知，空处所在是非限制性定语从句，修饰上文的整个句子，且从句中缺少主语，故

用关系代词which。获得更多资源请扫码加入享学资源网微信公众号www.xiangxue100.com