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巴蜀中学高2026届高一上期末模拟试题B1U4-U5第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每

段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.HowwillCrystalspendmostofhertimeinItaly?A.Dealingwithherwork.B.Travelingaround.

C.Visitinghersister.2.Whatelsedothespeakersneed?A.Potatoes.B.Beef.C.Porksausages.3.WhydidthewomangotoMatt’sshop?A.For

itscats.B.Foritscoffee.C.Foritsbooks.4.Whatarethespeakersmainlydiscussing?A.Anactor.B.Amovie.C.Afriend.5.Whatdoe

sthemanthinkoftherestaurant?A.Verydisappointing.B.Quitesatisfactory.C.Justso-so.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独

白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。6.Wh

atdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?A.ShowhisIDcard.B.Payextra.C.Openhissuitcases.7.Whatwillthemanprobablydonext?A.Gothroughsec

urity.B.Boardtheplane.C.Gethisboardingpass.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。8.WhatisSteve’sfavoritesport?A.Running.B.Swimming.C.Basketball.9.Wheredoesthewomanlike

torun?A.Inthegym.B.Inherneighborhood.C.NeartheWestLake.10.WhoisSteveprobablytalkingto?A.Hiscolleague.B.Hisneighbor.C.Hiscoach.听下面一段较长对话，回

答以下小题。11.Whatisthewomangoingtodoafterschool?A.Gotoheruncle’shouse.B.Adoptalittlecat.C.Buysomefoodforh

erself.12.Whydoesthemanrefusethewoman’sinvitation?A.Hedoesn’tfeelwell.B.Heneedstolookafterhismother.C.Hehastogotothepetclinic.13.H

owmanycatsdoesthemanhavenow?A.One.B.Two.C.Three.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。14.Howdoesthewomansoundatfirst?A.Con

cerned.B.Unhappy.C.Amazed.15WhatdoesthewomansuggestBilldo?A.Apologizeforhismistake.B.Workinanotherind

ustry.C.Enrichhisknowledgefirst.16.Whatdidthewomanmajorin?A.Education.B.Economics.C.ComputerScience.17.Whatis

Billlikelytodonext?A.Signupforacourse.B.Meethisleader.C.Makeaphonecall.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。18.Howdidmostpeo

pleintheroomreacttothespeaker’sidea?A.Favorably.B.Anxiously.C.Calmly.19.Whatdidthespeaker’sgrandfatheraskhimtodo?A.Befriendlytoot

hers.B.Acceptthechanges.C.Learntobehimself.20.Whatdoweknowaboutthespeaker?A.Heisahostnow.B.Hehasmorethanonechild.C

.Hewritesbooksaboutchildren.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分AAreYouaMoringPerson?Morningsarenotforeveryone.Knowingthatourownbodiesmaybewi

redtopreferacertaintimeofdayiscertainlyarelief.Butmanyofusstillhavetowakeupandfunctionduringthosefirstdaylighthours.Sowhatcanyoudo?Wetapped

avarietyofexperts-fromsleepexpertstonutritioniststolifeorganizationalpros(生活管理达人)—tosharetheirtricksonhow

tomakemorninglessstressfulandmorepleasantforeventhemostafter-hoursofnightowls.1.NightwakingPoorsleepqualitycanexplainwhywesometimeswakeupfromei

ghthoursofsnoozingandfeellikeweonlyclockedinatfour.“It’snormaltohaveoneortwoawakenings,butmorethanthatlea

vesusfeelinggroggy(昏昏沉沉)inthemorningbecauseofthefragmentedsleep,”explainsShelbyHarris,directorofthebehavioralsleepmedicinep

rogramatMontefioreMedicalCenter.2.TheScienceofsnoozingThesnoozebuttondoesmoreharmthangood.Noddingoffagainsendsyouintoalig

htandfragmentedsleep!Multiplesnoozescanleaveyoufeelinggroggierthanjustgettingoutofbedthefirsttime.Instead,behonestaboutt

hetimeyouintendtogetupandthenenjoyeverylastminuteofsleep,soyoucanwakeupalertandreadytogo.3.Don’teaseintoyourworkdayItcan

betemptingtoplowthroughtheeasythingsearlyon—checkinge-mail,scanningtheheadlines—butit’swisetotacklethebiggerstufffirst.“Gettingto

workonthemostimportanttasksnotonlyupsthechancesthattheyactuallygetdone,butitalsoleavesyouwithaburstofaccomplishmenttotakewithyouther

estoftheday,”saysJasonSelk,coauthorofOrganizeTomorrowToday.4.SavesocialmediaforlaterScheduleasocialmediablocklaterintheafternoontocheckinwhen

you’relikelytoneedabreakanyway,andsavethemorningfortheimportantstuff.1.What’sthepurposeofthepassage?A.Tohelpustogetthemostoutofourmornings.B.Toreli

eveusfromtheguiltofmultiplesnoozesinthemorning.C.Towarnusoftheharmofnotgettingoutofbedimmediately.D.Toinformusabout

thefactthatourbodiesarewiredtopreferacertaintimeofday.2.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Oneortwoawakeningsensureusagoodn

ight’ssleep.B.Tobeanearlybird,betterforgetaboutthesnoozebutton.C.It’simportantnottoblocksocialmediumifyouwanttosaveyourmorning.D.Beginningaday

witheasythingsarousedourinterestandasenseofaccomplishment.3.Wherecanwefindthepassage?A.ClassifiedAdvert

isementB.TravelBrochureC.LifeandStudyD.ScientificJournal【答案】1.A2.B3.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了如何让人们早晨的压力更小、更愉快，以便更能充分利用早晨。【1题详解】推理判断

题。文章第二段讲到“tosharetheirtricksonhowtomakemorninglessstressfulandmorepleasantforeventhemostafter-hoursofnightowls(分

享他们的诀窍，如何让即使是最晚下班的夜猫子也能减轻早晨的压力，让早晨更愉快)”可知，这篇文章的目的是帮助我们充分利用早晨。故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。文章TheScienceofsnoozing讲到“Thesnoozebuttondoesmoreharmtha

ngood.Noddingoffagainsendsyouintoalightandfragmentedsleep(小睡按钮弊大于利。再次打瞌睡会让你进入一种轻微的、支离破碎的睡眠)”可知，打盹按弊大于利最好不要小睡。所以B选项“作为

一个早起的人，最好忘记打盹的按钮。”正确。故选B。【3题详解】推理判断题。短文介绍了如何让人们早晨的压力更小、更愉快，以便更能充分利用早晨。文章第二段讲到“Butmanyofusstillhavetowakeupandfunctionduringthosefirstdaylighthou

rs.Wetappedavarietyofexperts–fromsleepexpertstonutritioniststolifeorganizationalpros(但我们中的许多人仍然必须在最初的白天醒来并正常工作。我们聘请了各种各样的专家—从

睡眠专家到营养学家，再到生活组织专家)”可知，所以这篇短文是关于生活，工作和学习类的短文。故判断出我们可以在“生活和学习”中找到这篇短文。故选C。BSittinginthegardenformyfriend’sbirthday.Ifeltabuzz(

振动)inmypocket.MyheartracedwhenIsawtheemailsender’sname.Theemailstartedoff:“DearMrGreen,thankyouforyourinterest”and“thereviewprocesst

ooklongerthanexpected.”Itendedwith“Wearesorrytoinformyou…”andmyvisionblurred(模糊).Theposition—measuringsoilquali

tyintheSaharaDesertaspartofanundergraduateresearchprogramme—hadfeltliketheanswerIhadspentyearslookingfor.Ihadputsomuchtimeandemo

tionalenergyintoapplying,andIthoughttherejectionmeanttheendoftheroadformysciencecareer.SoIwasshockedwhen,notlongaftertheemai

l,ProfessorMaryDevon,whowasrunningtheprogramme,invitedmetoobservetheworkbeingdoneinherlab.Ijumpedatthechance,andafewweekslaterIwas

equallyshocked—andoverjoyed—whensheinvitedmetotalkwithheraboutpotentialprojectsIcouldpursueinherlab.Whatsheproposeddidn’tseemas

excitingastheoriginalprojectIhadappliedto,butIwasgoingtogiveitmyall.Ifoundmyselfworkingwitharoboticsprofessorontechniquesforcollectingdata

fromthedesertremotely.Thatproject,whichIcouldcompletefrommysofainsteadofintheburningheatofthedesert,n

otonlysurvivedthelockdownbutworkedwheretraditionalmethodsdidn’t.Intheend,Ihadanewscientificinteresttopursue.WhenIappliedtogradua

teschool,Ifoundthreeprogrammespromisingtoallowmetofollowmydesiredresearchdirection.AndIappliedwiththesameanxiousexciteme

ntasbefore.WhenIwasrejectedfromonethathadseemedlikeaperfectfit,itwasundoubtedlydifficult.ButthistimeIhadtheperspective(视角)tokeep

itfromsendingmeintopanic.IthelpedthatintheendIwasacceptedintooneoftheotherprogrammesIwasalsoexcitedabout.Ratherth

ansettingplansinstone,I’velearnedthatsometimesIneedtotaketheopportunitiesthatareoffered,eveniftheydon’tsoundper

fectatthetime,andmakethemostofthem.4.Howdidtheauthorfeeluponseeingtheemailsender’sname?A.Anxious.B.Angry.C.Surprised.D.Settled

.5.AftertalkingwithProfessorDevon,theauthordecidedto________.A.criticisethereviewprocessB.staylongerintheSaharaDesertC.ap

plytotheoriginalprojectagainD.puthisheartandsoulintothelabwork6.Accordingtotheauthor,theprojectwiththeroboticsprofessorwas________.A.demandi

ngB.inspiringC.misleadingD.amusing7.Whatcanwelearnfromthispassage?A.Aninvitationisareputation.B.Aninnovationis

aresolution.C.Arejectioncanbearedirection.D.Areflectioncanbearestriction.【答案】4.A5.D6.B7.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章中作者结合自己被拒绝后得到了更

好的职业发展机会，告诉我们最初的拒绝给予了更好的方向。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“MyheartracedwhenIsawtheemailsender’sname.Theemailstartedoff:“DearMrGreen,thankyoufory

ourinterest”and“thereviewprocesstooklongerthanexpected.”Itendedwith“Wearesorrytoinformyou…”andmyvisionblurred(模糊).(当我看到邮件发件人的名字时，我的心

跳加速了。这封邮件是这样开头的：“亲爱的格林先生，感谢您的关注”，“审核过程比预期的要长。”信的结尾是“我们很抱歉地通知你……”，我的视线模糊了)”可知，收到的是被拒绝的邮件，所以推测作者在看到电子邮件发件人的名字时感到焦虑。故选A。【5题详解】细节理解题

。根据第三段“SoIwasshockedwhen,notlongaftertheemail,ProfessorMaryDevon,whowasrunningtheprogramme,invitedmetoo

bservetheworkbeingdoneinherlab.Ijumpedatthechance,andafewweekslaterIwasequallyshocked—andoverjoyed—whens

heinvitedmetotalkwithheraboutpotentialprojectsIcouldpursueinherlab.Whatsheproposeddidn’tseemasexcitingastheoriginalprojectIhadappliedto,butIwasgo

ingtogiveitmyall.(因此，当我收到这封邮件后不久，负责这个项目的玛丽·德文教授邀请我去她的实验室观察正在进行的工作时，我感到非常震惊。我欣然接受了这个机会，几周后，当她邀请我和她谈谈我可以在她的实验室里从事的潜在项目时，我同样感到震惊——同时也是欣喜若狂。她提出的建

议似乎没有我最初申请的项目那么令人兴奋，但我打算全力以赴)”可知，与德文教授交谈后，作者决定全心全意地投入实验室工作。故选D。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“Ifoundmyselfworkingw

itharoboticsprofessorontechniquesforcollectingdatafromthedesertremotely.Thatproject,whichIcouldcompletef

rommysofainsteadofintheburningheatofthedesert,notonlysurvivedthelockdownbutworkedwheretraditionalmethodsdidn

’t.Intheend,Ihadanewscientificinteresttopursue.(我发现自己和一个机器人教授一起研究从沙漠中远程收集数据的技术。我可以在沙发上完成这个项目，而不是在沙漠的酷热中完成，它不仅在封锁期间幸存下来，而且在传统方法不奏效的地

方也奏效了。最后，我有了新的科学兴趣去追求)”可推知，机器人学教授的项目很鼓舞人心。故选B。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Ratherthansettingplansinstone,I’velearnedthatsometimesIneed

totaketheopportunitiesthatareoffered,eveniftheydon’tsoundperfectatthetime,andmakethemostofthem.(我明白了有时候我需要抓住提供的机会

，即使这些机会在当时听起来并不完美，也要充分利用，而不是一成不变地制定计划)”结合文章中作者结合自己被拒绝后得到了更好的职业发展机会，告诉我们最初的拒绝给予了更好的方向。故C选项“拒绝可以是重定向”最符合文章的主旨。故选C。【点睛】CAnimmersiveandslow-

pacedCitywalkisbecomingtrendyacrossChina.Incontrasttorushingpastovercrowdedtouristlandmarks,thenewtrendhasemergedasapo

pularalternativetoexplorebustlingmarkets,ancientstreets,andcharmingalleysataleisurelypace.TheappealofCitywalkcatersparticular

lytotheyoungergenerationoftencaughtupindemandingworkschedules.Asevidencedbytheincreasingpopularityofhashtagslike“Citywalkforvacation”

onlifestylesharingplatformXiaohongshu,withastaggering465millionviewsandnearly464,600engagements,thetrendistrulycapturingunbeli

evableattention.Citywalk,ormeanderingthroughtheurbanlandscapes,meanstheactofwalkingfreelyalongcitystreetsunburdenedbyexhaustiveplans.Itofferspe

opleanavenuetointimatelyexperienceurbancultureandlocaltraditions.Citywalkisnotmerelyaboutsightseeing.Itcreatesanopportunityforsocialinteractionsand

deepconnectionswiththecities.Citywalkroutesaretailoredtothespecificinterestsofbothout-of-towntouristsandlocals.Fortourists,thefocusisonsharinglocalc

ustomsandtraditions,whileforlocals,discussionsrevolvearoundthecity’spast,present,andfuture.Thegrowingtrendo

fCitywalkreflectsachangingattitudetowardslife,embracingawarmer,morerelaxed,andslower-pacedlifestyle.AsCitywalkexpandsbeyondfirst-

tiercitieslikeBeijingShanghai,andGuangzhou,tosecond-andthird-tiercitiesacrossthecounty,itbringsfreshopportunitiesforthetou

rismindustry,insuchareasasdining,shopping,andaccommodation.GovernmentsinBeijingandShandonghaverecogn

izedthepotentialofCitywalk,incorporatingitintotheiractionplanstopromoteculturaltourismandleisureactivi

ties.InShanghai,publicbuslinesspeciallydesignedhavebeenintroducedtoelevatetheoverallCitywalkforparticipant

s.“Byslowingdownanddelvingintothenarrowalleys,observingthelivesofcityresidents,andimmersingoneselfint

hecontextofmuseumsandartgalleries,oneisentitledtoembracethepleasureoflife,”saidLuoJun,aculturaltourismenthusia

st.8.What’sthemainreasonforthepopularityofCitywalkamongyoungpeople?A.Itmainlyfocusesonurbansightseeing.B.Socialm

ediaoffermanytemptingvideos.C.Busyworkschedulelimitsthechoiceofpeople.D.Conventionaltouristlandmarksarelosingcharm.9.What’sthemeaningofund

erlinedword“staggering”inthesecondparagraph?A.Astonishing.B.Rewarding.C.Embarrassing.D.Shrinking.10.

WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTCitywalk?A.AnimmersiverouteforforeignerstoenjoythealleysinChengdu.,B.Aholidaytravelt

ohurriedlyvisitcrowdedlandmarksinShanghai.C.AfreewalkincludingvisitingmuseumsandoldtownsinQingdao.D.AleisurelytouralongQiantangRivertoexperiencec

itytransformation.11.WhathavesomegovernmentsdonetopromoteCitywalk?A.Facilitiesinthemuseumshavebeenenhanced.B.Coo

perationhasbeenstrengthenedamongcities.C.Opportunitieshavebeenofferedtothird-tiercities.D.Specificpublictransportation

routeshavebeenintroduced.【答案】8.C9.A10.B11.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了沉浸式的慢节奏城市漫步正在中国成为一种时尚。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“TheappealofCitywalkcatersparticularlytoth

eyoungergenerationoftencaughtupindemandingworkschedules.(城市漫步的吸引力尤其迎合了经常被繁忙的工作日程所困的年轻一代。)”可知，城市漫步在年轻人中流行的主要原因是繁忙的工作日程限制了人们的选择。故选C项。【9题详解】词句猜测题。划线词句

后半部分“thetrendistrulycapturingunbelievableattention(这一趋势确实吸引了令人难以置信的关注)”说明这一趋势引起的广泛关注令人难以置信，从而推知划线部分“Aseviden

cedbytheincreasingpopularityofhashtagslike‘Citywalkforvacation’onlifestylesharingplatformXiaohongshu,withastaggering465millionviewsandnear

ly464,600engagements(生活方式分享平台小红书上的‘城市漫步度假’等标签越来越受欢迎，阅读量达到了staggering4.65亿次，参与量接近46.64万次)”其中划线词汇意思是“难以置信的，令人惊讶的”。故选A项。【10题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，并根据第一段“A

nimmersiveandslow-pacedCitywalkisbecomingtrendyacrossChina.Incontrasttorushingpastovercrowdedtouristlandmarks,thenewtrendhasemergedasapopularaltern

ativetoexplorebustlingmarkets,ancientstreets,andcharmingalleysataleisurelypace.(沉浸式的慢节奏城市漫步正在中国成为一种时尚。与匆匆走过拥挤的旅游地标不同，这种新趋势已经成为一种流行的选择，人们可以悠闲地探索

繁华的市场、古老的街道和迷人的小巷。)”可知，城市漫步不包括“匆忙游览上海拥挤的地标的假日旅行”。故选B项。【11题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“InShanghai,publicbuslinesspecia

llydesignedhavebeenintroducedtoelevatetheoverallCitywalkforparticipants.(在上海，专门设计的公交线路为参与者提升了整个城市漫步。)”可知，一些政府为了促进

城市漫步引入了特定的公共交通路线。故选D项。DWeallhaveatendencytofakelaugh,particularlywhenauthorityfiguresinourlivestrytomakeajokethatjustdoesn’tland.Thoughitmig

htfeelrudenottolaughwhenyourin-lawsorbosstrytosaysomethingfunny,pretendingtodosomightnotbemuchbetter.Itturns

out,evenifyouthinkthatyourforcedlaughingsoundsgenuine,peopleareusuallyprettygoodatseparatingtrulyspiritedbellylaughsfromfakeones.Buthowcantheypossi

bleknowthedifference?Well,whenresearchersattheUniversityofCalifornia,LosAngelesstudiedtheacousticandperc

eptualdifferencesbetweenrealandfakelaughter,theyfoundthatsomeofthesoundsassociatedwithgenuinelaughteris“reallyhard

tofake.”Intheirstudy,theresearchersdeterminedthatsubjectswereonlyfooledby37percentoffakelaughter.Themostprominentfactordistin

guishingreallaughterfromfakelaughterisduration--or,morespecifically,thenumberofbreathstakenininbetweensounds.Seeingasittakesmor

eeffortandconcentrationtofakealaughasopposedtodoitgenuinely,peopletendtopausemoreinbetweentheir“ha-ha’s”whenthe

y’refakingit.Evidently,thatpausingisprettynoticeable.“Afakelaughisbasicallyanimitationofareallaugh,butpro

ducedwithaslightlydifferentsetofvocalmusclescontrolledbyadifferentpartofourbrain,”GregBryant,theleadUCLAresearcheronthestudy,e

xplained.“Theresultisthattherearesubtlefeaturesofthelaughthatsoundlikespeech,and...peopleareunconsciouslyquitesensitivetothem.”Peoplehavealsoprov

entobeemotionallysensitivetolaughteraswell.“Ourrainsareverysensitivetothesocialandemotionalsignificanceoflaughter

,”saidCarolynMcGettigan,ascientistatRoyalHolloway,UniversityofLondon.McGettiganconducteda2014studythatrecordedparticipants

’brainresponsesastheylistenedtothesamepeopleproducegenuinelaughterbywatchingfunnyvideos,asopposedtofakelaughter.“Duringourstu

dy,whenparticipantsheardalaughthatwasposed,theyactivatedregionsofthebrainassociatedwithmentalizinginanattempttoundersta

ndtheotherperson’semotionalandmentalstate,”shesaid.So,whilewemayunderstandthatcertainsocialsituationssometimesrequirefake

laughter,mostofthetime,ourinstinctsandemotionalintelligencearejusttoosmarttobuyintothem.AccordingtoMcGettigan,that’sagoodthing

.“Evolutionarilyspeaking,it’sgoodtobeabletodetectifsomeoneisauthenticallyexperiencinganemotionorifthey’renot,”shesaid.“Becausey

oudon’twanttobefooled.”12.WhatdoresearchersattheUniversityofCaliforniawanttofindoutinthisstudy?A.Whatisthedifferencebetweena

fakelaughandarealone.B.Whichpartofthebraincontrolsthesoundofourlaughter.C.Whydopeopleneedtofakelaughwhentheydon’twantto.D.Howtolaughasgenuinelyaspo

ssiblewhenyouarefakingit.13.Yourforcedlaughingismorenoticeablethanyouthink,mainlybecause_______.A.youseemmoreconcentratedwhenyoulaughforrealB.you

takemorebreathswhenyoutrytofakealaughC.afakelaughoftenhappensafterasuddenpauseD.areallaughusuallylastslongerthanafakeone14.Whichofth

efollowingistrueaccordingtoGregBryant?A.Reallaughterisnotatallcontrollablebyourbrain.B.Peoplemaynoticefakelaughterwithoutknowingwhy.C.Peopl

eusethesamesetofmusclestolaughandtospeak.D.Fakinglaughsharesthesametechniquesasmakingspeech.15.WhathasCarolynMcGettigan’s2014studypr

oven?A.Certainsocialsituationsmayrequireustofakealaugh.B.Evolutionhasenabledustorecognizeother’semotions.C.Byinstincts,weareabletotellaperson

’smentalstate.D.Wecansenseother’semotionalstatewhentheylaugh.【答案】12.A13.B14.B15.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。我们都有一种假笑的倾向，尤其是当我们生

活中的权威人物试图说一个无法成功的笑话时。事实证明，即使你认为你的强迫笑听起来很真实，人们通常很擅长区分真笑和假笑。一项针对真笑和假笑在声学和感知上的差异的研究发现，区分真笑和假笑最重要的因素是声音之间的呼吸次数。文章中两位研究人员对此进行了一些说明。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中Well

,whenresearchersattheUniversityofCalifornia,LosAngelesstudiedtheacousticandperceptualdifferencesbetweenrealandfakelaughter,theyfoundthatsomeofthesoun

dsassociatedwithgenuinelaughteris“reallyhardtofake.”可知加州大学洛杉矶分校的研究人员研究了真笑和假笑在声学和感知上的差异，他们发现一些与真笑相关的声音“

真的很难假装”。由此可知，加州大学的研究人员想在这项研究中发现了假笑和真笑的区别。故选A。13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中Themostprominentfactordistinguishingreallaughterfromfakela

ughterisduration—or,morespecifically,thenumberofbreathstakenininbetweensounds.Seeingasittakesmoreeffortandconcentrationtofakealaughasoppo

sedtodoitgenuinely,peopletendtopausemoreinbetweentheir“ha-ha’s”whenthey’refakingit.可知区分真笑和假笑最重要的因素是持续时间，或者更具体地说，是声音

之间的呼吸次数。假笑比真笑需要更多的努力和注意力，所以人们在假装笑的时候，往往会在“哈哈大笑”的间隙停顿更多。由此可知，你的假笑比你想象的更引人注目，这主要是因为当你试图假笑时，你会做更多的呼吸。故选B

。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中“Theresultisthattherearesubtlefeaturesofthelaughthatsoundlikespeech,and...peopleareunconsciousl

yquitesensitivetothem.”可知“其结果是，笑声中有一些微妙的特征听起来像在说话，而且……人们在不知不觉中对它们相当敏感。”由此可推知，根据GregBryant的说法，B选项“人们可能会在不知道

原因的情况下注意到假笑声”正确。故选B。【15题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中“Duringourstudy,whenparticipantsheardalaughthatwasposed,theyactivatedregionsoftheb

rainassociatedwithmentalizinginanattempttounderstandtheotherperson’semotionalandmentalstate,”shesaid.可知她说：“在我们的研究中，当参与者听到

别人发出的笑声时，他们会激活大脑中与精神化相关的区域，试图理解对方的情绪和精神状态。”由此可知，CarolynMcGettigan2014年的研究证明了当别人笑的时候，我们可以感觉到他们的情绪状态。故选D。第二节共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5

分阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出最佳选项，其中有两项为多余选项。WillTraditionalTVEverBeReplacedbyStreaming?Foralongtime,peoplehadtolistentotheradiotogetnews,

drama,andmusicathome.Thisallchangedwiththedevelopmentofthetelevisionintheearly20thcentury.___16___Sincethen,BritishTVviewershaveenjoyedthelaunchofcom

mercialTV,theadditionofChannel4,andthenChannel5,andfinallythebirthofpaidservicesthroughsatelliteandcable.ASlowDeclineWhiletheuptak

eofTVownershipexploded,thedeclineoftelevision'sdominancehasbeenslowandhasbeengoingonforthepastdecade.___17___Stre

amingserviceshavegivenusaccesstomorecontentthanwasever【possible,includingbackcataloguesofclassicshowsandblock

bustermovies.ChangingViewingHabitsIntheUK,adultsarespendingmoretimewatchingcontentonYouTubeandstreamingservicesthaneverbefore.In2018,thesefigureswere

30minutesand26minutesperdayrespectively.___18___StilltheKing___19___Forexample,in2018UKadultscontinuedtowatchBBCOnefora

naverageof41minutesperday,morethananystreamingservice.AverageviewingtimeforalltraditionalTVchannelscontinuestodeclinethough,despitemuchlar

gerquantitiesoforiginalcontentbeingproducedbytheseorganisations.___20___WhilethetraditionalTVnetworkshavese

enadecline,thetelevisionsetitselfdoesn'tlooklikeit'sgoinganywhereanytimesoon.A.Thishasbeenthetrendforthelastcoupleofdecades.B.T

heoriginalcontenthasincludedmassivelypopularshows.C.Suddenly,wewereabletoseewhatwasgoingon,notjustlistenalong.D.Thetraditi

onalTVchannelsaretakingawayaudiencesfromstreamingservices.E.MostmajorTVchannelshavetheirowncatchupstreamingservice.F.Whi

ledemandforstreamingservicesisup,TVcontinuestobethemostwatchedoverall.G.Today,wehavethepowertowatchwhat

ever,whenever,whereverwewant.【答案】16.C17.G18.A19.F20.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文。文章从几个方面针对传统电视会不会被流媒体取代这个话题展开了讨论。【16题详解】上文“Foralongtime,peoplehadtolistent

otheradiotogetnews,drama,andmusicathome.Thisallchangedwiththedevelopmentofthetelevisionintheearly20thcentury.（有很长一段时间，人们不得不听收音机在家里收听新闻、戏剧和音乐。这一切

都随着20世纪初电视的发展而改变）”和下文“Sincethen,BritishTVviewershaveenjoyedthelaunchofcommercialTV,theadditionofChannel4,andthenChannel5,andfi

nallythebirthofpaidservicesthroughsatelliteandcable.（从那时起，英国电视观众开始享受商业电视的推出，第四频道和第五频道的加入，最后通过卫星和有线电视的付费服务的诞生）”说明电视的发展改变了之前只能听不能看的状态，选

项C项“突然间，我们能够看到正在发生的事情，而不仅仅是听着”承接上文并引出下文，说明自从有了电视后，不仅能听还能看。选项和上下文语义相关，符合语境。故选C项。【17题详解】下文“Streamingserviceshavegivenusaccesstomorecontenttha

nwaseverpossible,includingbackcataloguesofclassicshowsandblockbustermovies.（流媒体服务让我们可以访问比以往任何时候都多的内容，

包括经典节目和大片电影的过期目录）”说明我们可以看的内容更多了。G项“今天，我们可以随时随地看任何我们想看的节目”引出下文，选项中wehavethepowertowatchwhatever,whenever,whereverwewant和下文中access

tomorecontentthanwaseverpossible语义一致，符合题意。故选G项。【18题详解】上文“IntheUK,adultsarespendingmoretimewatchingcontentonYouTubea

ndstreamingservicesthaneverbefore.In2018,thesefigureswere30minutesand26minutesperdayrespectively.（在英国，成年人花费在YouTube和流媒体服务上的时间比以往任何时候都多。2018年，这两个

数字分别为每天30分钟和26分钟。）”说明成年人花费在流媒体上的时间一直在增涨。A项“这是过去几十年来的趋势”是上文的概括总结，符合题意。故选A项。【19题详解】上文“StilltheKing.(仍然是王者。)”和下文“Forexamp

le,in2018UKadultscontinuedtowatchBBCOneforanaverageof41minutesperday,morethananystreamingservice.（例如，在2018年，英国成年人平均每天看BBC一台41分钟，超

过任何流媒体服务。）”说明电视的观看率还是很高。F选项“虽然对流媒体服务的需求在上升，但电视仍然是整体收视率最高的”承接上文，引出下文，和上下文语义逻辑一致，符合语境，选项中themost和上文theKing及下文morethananystreamingservice描述一致。故选F项

。【20题详解】上文“AverageviewingtimeforalltraditionalTVchannelscontinuestodeclinethough,despitemuchlargerquantitiesoforiginalcontentbeingpro

ducedbytheseorganizations.（不过，尽管这些机构制作了大量原创内容，但所有传统电视频道的平均收视时间仍在继续下降。）”说明虽然制作了原创内容，传统电视频道收视时间在减少。B项“原创内容包括大量受欢迎的节目”承接上文，对上文中的“原创作品”进行补充说明。选

项中originalcontent和上文中originalcontent描述对象一致。故选B项。第三部分语言运用(共五节，满分55分)第一节单项选择(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)21._____hisconclusionontheev

idencehecollectedonthespot,heprovedthatthemurdererwasguilty.A.BasedB.BasingC.TobaseD.Beingbased【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：根据他当场搜集的证据得出的结论，证明凶手是有罪的。base…

on意为“以……为依据”，base的逻辑主语是句子的主语he，它们之间存在主动关系，所以应该用base的现在分词形式basing，在句子中做方式状语。故选B项。【点睛】现在分词作状语，通常表示主语正在进行的另一个动

作，用来对谓语动词表示的动作加以解释或说明，它可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式或伴随状语，相当于相对应的状语从句；现在分词做状语，它与逻辑主语（即句子的主语）之间存在主动关系。本题中base的逻辑主语是句子的主语he，它们之间存在主动关系，所以

应该用base的现在分词形式basing，在句子中做方式状语。故选B项。22.Belovedbypeopleofallclasses,Nerudaisoneofthemostwidelyreadpoetsinhistory,whowaso

nce_________asthePicassoofpoetry.A.respectedtoB.relatedtoC.referredtoD.connectedto【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：聂鲁达深受

各阶层人民的喜爱，是历史上阅读量最大的诗人之一，曾被称为诗歌中的毕加索。A.respected受尊重的，后面一般不加介词to；B.relatedto和……有关；C.referredto被称为；D.connectedto与……有联系。根据下文“

thePicassoofpoetry(诗歌中的毕加索)”可推理出空白处应填表示“被称为”含义的表达，故选C项。23.IttookmealongtimebeforeIwasabletofully____________whatmyparentshaddoneforme.A.appreciateB

.relateC.regardD.refer【答案】A【解析】【详解】本题考查动词辨析。解题步骤：1.确定各选项意思：A.appreciate领会、感激；B.relate联系；C.regard认为；D.refer涉及。2.

确定答案：根据whatmyparentshaddoneforme.可知是感激父母为我所做的一切。句意：我花了很长时间才完全理解父母为我所做的一切。故选A24.InAugust,radioactivewastewaterfromJapanwasreleasedinto

thePacificOcean,_________effectspeoplearestillsuffering.A.bywhichB.fromwhichC.fromwhoseD.bywhose【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：今年8月，来自日本的放射性废水被排放到太平洋，其影

响至今仍在折磨着人们。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面整个句子，且关系词在从句中作effects的定语，应用whose引导定语从句，且从句中suffer的宾语是whoseeffects，suffer

是不及物动词，其后面应用介词from构成短语sufferfrom，介词提到关系词的前面，故选C。25.Despite_________undertheruinsaftertheearthquakeandthegreattroublehehad_________,hewasstillposi

tiveandrelivedayoungergirlbesidehim.A.trapped;breathingB.trapping;tobreatheC.beingtrapped;breathingD.trapping;breathed【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查非谓

语动词。句意：尽管地震后他被困在废墟之下，呼吸困难，但他仍然保持着积极的心态。despite是介词，其后需要用动名词形式，此处表示“被困在废墟中”应用动名词的被动语态beingtrapped，havetrouble(in)doingsth.固定搭配，意为“做某事有困难”，hehad____

_____是省略关系词的定语从句，修饰先行词thegreattrouble，故选C。26.Anancienttemple_________theNorthernQiDynastywasdestroyedinflames,_________concernsabouttheeffecti

veprotectionofculturalrelics.A.datingbackto;causedB.datingfrom;causingC.datedbackto;causingD.datedfrom;caused【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：一座北

齐古刹毁于一旦，引发了人们对文物有效保护的担忧。分析句子结构，第一个空白处在句子中做后置定语，使用非谓语动词，因与其逻辑主语anancienttemple之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，使用现在分词；分析第二个空白处，第二个空白处在句子中作状语，表示一个

自然而然的结果，使用现在分词，故选B项。27.Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachild______heorshewants______richyouare.A.whatever,h

oweverB.nomatterwhat,nomatterhowC.whenever,howeverD.nomatterwhen,nomatterhow【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查名词性从句和状语从句。句意：无论你多么富有，

给孩子他或她想要的任何东西都是不明智的。根据句意可知，giveachild后缺少宾语从句引导词引导宾语从句，从句部分wants后缺少宾语，此处表示“任何东西”用连接代词whatever；“______richyouare”部分为让步状语从句，表示“无论你多么富有”，可以用how

everrichyouare或者nomatterhowrichyouare。故选A项。28.China’simageisimprovingsteadily,withmorecountries_________itsrol

eininternationalaffairs..A.beingrecognizedB.recognizingC.toberecognizedD.recognized【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查with复合结构。句意：随着越来越多

的国家认识到中国在国际事务中的作用，中国的形象正在稳步改善。此处是with复合结构，即with+宾语+宾语补足语，宾语morecountries和动词recognize(认识到)是主动关系，应用现在分词作宾语补足语，故选B。29.Therea

son________hedidn’tcometoschoolontimeis________hehadtotakecareofhissickbrotherathome.A.That;becauseB.tha

t;thatC.why;becauseD.why;that【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查定语从句和表语从句。句意：他没有按时上学的原因是他不得不在家照顾生病的弟弟。第一个空是thereason引导的定语从句，在定语从句中，句子缺少原因状语，所以用关系副词why进行引导表示原因。第二个空是

跟在is后的表语从句，从句中成分完整不缺其他含义，这里只需要起引导作用，所以用that。故此题选D。30.Therewasatime_________,ifaladygotontoacrowdedbusortrain,agentlemanwouldstand

upandofferherhisseat.A.whileB.asC.whenD.until【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：曾几何时，如果一位女士上了拥挤的公共汽车或火车，一位绅士会站起来给她让座。A.while当……时候；B.as当……时候；C.when当……时候；引导定语

从句作关系副词；D.until直到。空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词time，且从句中缺少地点状语，应用关系副词when引导定语从句，其他几个选项均不能引导定语从。故选C。第二节完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)Thebeauty,majesty,andtimelessnessofapri

maryrainforestareindescribable.Itisimpossibleto___31___onfilm,todescribeinwords,ortoexplaintothosewhohaveneverhadtheawe-inspiringe

xperienceofstandingintheheartofaprimaryrainforest.Rainforestshave___32___overmillionsofyearstoturnin

totheincrediblycomplexenvironmentstheyaretoday.Rainforestsrepresentastoreoflivingand___33___renewablenatura

lresourcesthatforanimmeasurablylongperiodoftime,byvirtueoftheirrichnessinbothanimalandplantspecies,have___34___awealth

ofresourcesforthesurvivalandwell-beingofhumankind.Theseresourceshaveincludedbasicfoodsupplies,clothing,shelter,fuel,spices,industrialrawma

terials,andmedicineforallthosewhohavelivedinthemajestyoftheforest.___35___,theinnerdynamics(动力学；相互作用的方式)ofatropicalrain

forestisacomplexandfragilesystem.Everythingisso___36___thatupsettingonepartcanleadtounknowndamageorevend

estructionofthewhole.Sadly,ithastakenonlyacenturyofhumaninterventiontodestroywhatnaturedesignedto___37___forever.Thescaleofhuman___38___onec

osystemseverywherehasincreasedenormouslyinthelastfewdecades.Since1980theglobaleconomyhastripledinsizeandthewo

rldpopulationhasincreasedby30percent.Consumptionofeverythingontheplanethasrisen—atacosttoour___39___.In2001,TheWorldResourcesInstituteesti

matedthatthedemandforrice,wheat,andcornisexpectedtogrowby40%by2025,increasingirrigationwaterdemandsby50%ormore.Theyfurtherreporte

dthatthedemandforwoodcoulddoublebytheyear2050;____40____,itisstillthetropicalforestsoftheworldthatsupplythemostpartoft

heworld’sdemandforwood.In1950,about15percentoftheEarth’slandsurfacewascoveredbyrainforest.Today,morethanhalfhasalreadygoneupin____41____

.Infewerthanfiftyyears,abouthalfoftheworld’stropicalrainforestshavefallen____42____tofireordeforestation,andtherateofdestructionisstill____43____.Unb

elievably,morethan200,000acresofrainforestareburnedeveryday.Thatismorethan150acreslosteveryminuteofeveryday,and78millionacres

losteveryyear!Morethan20percentoftheAmazonrainforestisalreadygone,andmuchmoreisseverely____44____asthedestructioncontinues.Ifnothi

ngisdonetocontrolthis____45____,theentireAmazoncouldwellbegonewithinfiftyyears.Fewerrainforestsmeanlessrain,lessoxygenforustobreathe,andanincreasedth

reatfromglobalwarming.31.A.establishB.claimC.captureD.prove32.A.extendedB.evolvedC.expandedD.resolved33.A

.energizingB.healingC.isolatingD.breathing34.AdestroyedB.contributedC.reducedD.affected35.A.HoweverB.FurthermoreC.ThereforeD.Otherw

ise36..A.activeB.positiveC.interdependentD.dominant37.A.restoreB.supportC.relieveD.last38.A.pressureB.resourcesC.co

ncernD.strengths39.A.existenceB.ecosystemC.speciesD.survival40.A.unfortunatelyB.consequentlyC.naturallyD.similarly41.A.storeB.foodC.smokeD.

wealth42.A.subjectB.downC.apartD.victim43.A.runningoutB.goingupC.holdingbackD.fallingdown44.A.releasedB.revealedC.threatenedD.

boosted45.A.trendB.practiceC.intentionD.attitude【答案】31.C32.B33.D34.B35.A36.C37.D38.A39.B40.A41.C42.D43.B44.C45.A【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文。雨林生态系统经过几百万年的进化变成了现在这么复杂的系统，为生活在它庇佑下的人们提供食物、衣料、住宿、燃料、工业原料等等。但是这个系统也很脆弱，环环相扣，随着人类对环境系统的破坏，它正在以惊人的速度消失。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：

用电影捕捉它、用文字描述它或向没有去过雨林深处体验过这种令人惊叹的经历的人解释它几乎是不可能的。A.establish建立；B.claim宣称，要求；C.capture捕获；D.prove证明。根据前文“Thebeauty,majesty,andtimelessnessofapr

imaryrainforestareindescribable.”可知，原始雨林的美丽、雄伟和永恒是无法形容的，这句话强调电影无法捕捉到雨林的美和神秘。故选C项。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：雨林进化了几百万年才变成现在这样不可思议

的复杂的环境系统。A.extended延伸；B.evolved进化；C.expanded展开；D.resolved解决。根据后文“turninto”可知，这里指的是雨林的进化过程。故选B项。【33题详解】考查动词和形容词词义辨析

。句意：雨林是一个有生命和呼吸的可再生自然资源库，由于其丰富的动植物物种，在无限长的一段时间内为人类的生存和福祉贡献了丰富的资源。A.energizing激励，使充满热情；B.healing痊愈中的；C.isolating孤立的；D.breathing呼吸的。根据空前“and”可知，此处和“

living”是并列关系，指的是活着的，有生命的。D项breathing“呼吸”符合语境。故选D项。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：雨林是一个有生命和呼吸的可再生自然资源库，由于其丰富的动植物物种

，在无限长的一段时间内为人类的生存和福祉贡献了丰富的资源。A.destroyed摧毁；B.contributed贡献；C.reduced减少；D.affected影响。根据后文的“awealthofresourcesforthesurvivalandwell-beingofhuma

nkind”可知，雨林为人类提供了资源，做出了贡献。故选B项。【35题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，热带雨林的内部动力系统是一个很复杂的，也很脆弱的系统。A.However然而；B.Furthermore此外；C.Therefore因此；D.Otherwise否则。根据前文的“Thes

eresourceshaveincludedbasicfoodsupplies,clothing,shelter,fuel,spices,industrialrawmaterials,andmedicineforallthosewhohavelivedinthema

jestyoftheforest.”（这些资源包括所有生活在雄伟森林中的人的基本食物、衣服、住所、燃料、香料、工业原材料和药品。）和后文的“Everythingisso___6___thatupsettingonepartcanleadtounknowndamageo

revendestructionofthewhole.”（一切都是如此……，破坏一部分就会导致不可预知的损坏或甚至整个森林的毁坏）可知，上下文是转折关系。故选A项。36题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一切都是如此相互依赖的，破坏一部分就会导

致不可预知的损坏或甚至整个森林的毁坏。A.active主动的；B.positive积极的；C.interdependent相互依存的；D.dominant占主导地位的。根据后文的“upsettingonepartcanleadtounknowndamageorevendestructionoft

hewhole.”可知，雨林中的一切都是相互依赖的。故选C项。【37题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：令人悲伤的是，人类只花了一个世纪的时间就破坏了大自然设计的永恒。A.restore恢复；B.support支持；C.relieve缓

解；D.last持续。根据句意可知，大自然几百万年来进化成的生态系统本是可以持续永远的，却被人类破坏了。故选D项。【38题详解】【考查名词词义辨析。句意：在过去的几十年间，人类对各地生态系统的压力已经大大地增加。A.pressure压力；B.re

sources资源；C.concern关注；D.strengths优点。根据后文“Since1980theglobaleconomyhastripledinsizeandtheworldpopulationhasincreasedby30percent”（自1980年以来，全球经济规模增加了两倍，

世界人口增长了30%）可知，人类对生态系统的压力也相应增加。故选A项。【39题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：地球上一切事物的消耗都增加了——以我们的生态环境为代价。A.existence存在；B.ecosystem生态系统；C.species种类；D.sur

vival幸存。根据前文“Thescaleofhuman___8___onecosystemseverywherehasincreasedenormouslyinthelastfewdecades.”可知，此空格与段落首句中的ecosystem呼应。故选B项。【40题详解】考查副词词义

辨析。句意：不幸地是，依然是地球上的热带雨林来提供世界上大量的木头需求。A.unfortunately不幸地；B.consequently因此；C.naturally自然地；D.similarly类似地。根据段落内容，人口增加了，对木头需求

的压力依然落在热带雨林，这是很不幸地。故选A项。【41题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，一半多的雨林已经像烟一样消失了。A.store商店；B.food食物；C.smoke烟雾；D.wealth钱财。根据下文“abouthal

foftheworld’stropicalrainforestshavefallen___12___tofireordeforestation”可知，一半多的雨林消失了，固定短语goupinsmoke“像烟一样一下子就消

失了”。故选C项。【42题详解】考查名词和副词词义辨析。句意：在不到50年的时间里，世界上大约一半的热带雨林成为火灾或森林砍伐的受害者，而且破坏速度仍然很快。A.subject主题；B.down向下；C.apart分开；D.victim受害者。根据下文“deforesta

tion”可知，森林被破坏，成为人类发展的牺牲品。固定短语fallvictimto“成为……的牺牲品”，故选D项。【43题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：在不到50年的时间里，世界上大约一半的热带雨林成为火灾或森林砍

伐的受害者，而且破坏速度仍然很快。A.runningout用完；B.goingup上升；C.holdingback抑制；D.fallingdown跌倒。根据下文“Unbelievably,morethan200,000

acresofrainforestareburnedeveryday.Thatismorethan150acreslosteveryminuteofeveryday,and78millionacreslosteveryyear!Morethan20percentoftheAmazonrainfor

estisalreadygone”（令人难以置信的是，每天有超过20万英亩的雨林被烧毁。每天每分钟损失150多英亩，每年损失7800万英亩！超过20%的亚马逊雨林已经消失）可知，森林的破坏速度在上升。故选B项。【44题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：超过20%的亚马逊雨林已经消失，随着

破坏的继续，更多的雨林受到严重威胁。A.released释放；B.revealed揭示；C.threatened威胁；D.boosted增强，促进。根据下文“asthedestructioncontinues”可知，雨林会受到更多的威胁。故选C项。【45题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果什么都不做去控制这种趋势，整个亚马逊森林会在50年内消失。A.trend趋势；B.practice实践；C.intention意图；D.attitude态度。根据前文“Morethan20percentoftheAmazonrainforestisalreadygon

e,andmuchmoreisseverely___14___asthedestructioncontinues.”（超过20%的亚马逊雨林已经消失，随着破坏的继续，更多的雨林受到严重威胁）可知，这是一种很严重的趋势。故选A项。第三节语法填空(共1

0小题;每小题1分，满分10分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。JianbingisoneofChina’smostpopularstreetbreakfasts._____46_____Chinesedumplingshaves

preadwellbeyondthecountry’sborders,JianbingmightbeChina’sbest-keptculinarysecret.EveryneighborhoodhasitsownJianbingvendor(摊贩)servin

gbreakfastfromdawnthroughmid-morning,satisfyinghungry____47____(local)ontheirwaytowork.Contrary____48

____whatyoumightthink,Jianbingisnograb-and-gostreetbreakfast._____49_____(preserve)thecrispness(酥脆)ofthepancake,Jia

nbingisnevercookedaheadoftime,sowaitinginalineispartoftheculture.But_____50_____(basic),Jianbingisabreakfastworthwaitingfo

r.JianbinghasalongerhistorythanalmostanyotherChinesestreetfood.ThoughttohaveoriginatedinShandongProvinceduringtheThreeKingdomsPeriod,militar

ystrategistZhugeLianghadhissoldierscookfoodonshields(盾)_____51_____(hold)overthefire.Ofcourse,ifJianbingwerethateasytomake,itwouldha

vetakentheworldbystormlongbeforenow.Partof_____52_____challengeincopyingthedishisthattherecipeforaJianbingdiffersbyregion,andevenbyvend

or.Manyconsiderit_____53_____(possible)tomakeyourownJianbingwithoutmonthsofpracticeandtuitionfromamaster.Yeta

fewcommittedforeignershavemadeit,who_____54_____(inspire)tobringJianbingtoahungryaudienceaftertheirfirsttasteinChinabackinthe1980s.IntheUK,twin

sMelissaandOliverFu,ownersofMeiMei’sStreetCartarebringingthejoysofjianbingfirsttoLondonandnowManchesterdespiteallthedifficultytheyhavein_____

_55______(perfect)theirtechnique.【答案】46Although##Though##While.47.locals48.to49.Topreserve50.basically51.held52.the53.impossible54.wereinspired55.p

erfecting【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国传统小吃——煎饼的历史及流行。【46题详解】考查连词。句意：虽然中国的饺子已经传遍了世界各地，煎饼可能是中国保守得最好的烹饪秘密了。分析句子结

构可知，空处需填连词，根据句意可知，前后构成让步关系，故用表示让步关系的连词Although或Though或While，表示“尽管，即使”。故填Although或Though或While。【47题详解】考查名词。句意：每个社区都有自己的煎饼小贩，从黎明到上午10点左右供应早餐，满足

了上班路上饥饿的当地人。根据“hungry”可知，空处需填名词，local作名词，表示“当地人”，此处不止一个当地人，故用名词复数。故填locals。【48题详解】考查介词。句意：与你所想的相反，煎饼可不是随便拿就能带走的街头早餐。Contraryto表示“与……相反”，

符合句意。故填to。【49题详解】考查动词不定式。句意：为了保持煎饼的酥脆，煎饼从来不会提前做好，所以排队等候是中国文化的一部分。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词“iscooked”，故空处需填非谓语动词，

根据句意可知，煎饼从来不会提前做好是为了保持煎饼的酥脆，故用动词不定式作目的状语。故填Topreserve。【50题详解】考查副词。句意：但是，基本上，煎饼是一种值得等待的早餐。根据句意可知，空处需填副词作状语，修饰整个句子。故填basica

lly。【51题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：据认为，这种做法起源于三国时期的山东，军事战略家诸葛亮让他的士兵在火上用盾牌做饭。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词“had”，故空处需填非谓语动词，“shields”和“hold”之间是被动关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。故填h

eld。【52题详解】考查冠词。句意：模仿这道小吃的挑战之一是，不同地区甚至不同摊主的煎饼食谱都不一样。根据“challenge”可知，空处需填冠词，此处指“模仿这道小吃的挑战”，表示特指，用定冠词。故填the。【53题详解】考

查形容词。句意：许多人认为，没有几个月的练习和师傅的指导，自己做煎饼是不可能的。根据“Manyconsiderit”可知，空处需填形容词作宾补，根据句意可知，此处表示“不可能的”。故填impossible。【54题详解】考查时态语态。句意：然而，有几个坚定

的外国人成功了，他们在上世纪80年代第一次品尝中国煎饼后，受到启发，将煎饼带给了一位饥饿的观众。分析句子结构可知，“who____9_____tobringJianbingtoahungryaudienceaftertheirfirsttasteinChinabackinthe1980s”

是定语从句，缺谓语动词，描述过去的事情用一般过去时，先行词是复数名词“foreigners”，和“inspire”是被动关系，故用一般过去时被动语态。故填wereinspired。【55题详解】考查非谓语

动词。句意：在英国，梅梅街头小推车的老板梅莉莎和奥利弗·傅先把煎饼的乐趣带到伦敦，现在又把煎饼的乐趣带到曼彻斯特，尽管他们在完善他们的技术方面遇到了很多困难。根据“in”可知，空处需填动名词作宾语。故填perfecting。第四节单

词拼写(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)请根据首字母或汉语提示，使用必修一unit4-5两个单元中的单词的正确形式填空，每空一词。56.Therearemanykeyf________determiningyoursuccess,oneofwhic

hisyourperseverance.(根据首字母单词拼写)【答案】factors##actors【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：决定你成功的关键因素有很多，其中之一就是你的毅力。根据句意和首字母可知，此处表示“因素”为名词factor作主语，由many可知，

应用复数，故填factors。57.OurannualartfestivalisscheduledtotakeplacenextThursdayandyourpresenceiscordiallya________.(根据首字母单词拼写)【答案】appreciated##ppreciated

【解析】【详解】考查过去分词、被动语态。句意：我们一年一度的艺术节定于下周四举行，非常感谢您的光临。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作谓语，使用被动语态，根据上文“yourpresence(您的光临)”可推理出空白处应填表示“感谢”含义的动词，根据首字母提示

，以a开头且表示“感谢”含义的词为：appreciate，与主语构成被动关系，因空白处前面有be动词is，空白处填过去分词，构成被动语态。故填appreciated。58.Itisnecessarythatwelearnvariousfirstaidte

chniquefore________.(根据首字母单词拼写)【答案】emergencies##mergencies【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：我们有必要学习各种急救技术。根据句意和首字母可知，此处表示“紧急情况”为名词emergency作宾语，为可数名词，

前面无冠词，应用复数形式表示泛指，故填emergencies。59.Theeyewitness’uncleard________ofthescenehasmadethecasemoreconfusing,

whichwilltakeawhileforthepolicetomakeclearofwhatreallyhappened.(根据首字母单词拼写)【答案】description##escription【解析】【详解】

考查名词。句意：目击者对现场的模糊描述让案件变得更加扑朔迷离，警方还需要一段时间才能弄清楚到底发生了什么。根据句意和首字母可知，此处表示“描述”，应用名词description作主语，由has可知，应用单数，故填description。60.Lossofslee

pisacommonprobleminmodernsociety,a________thequalityofpeople’slife.(根据首字母单词拼写)【答案】affecting##ffecting【解析】【详解】考查非谓语

动词。句意：睡眠不足是现代社会普遍存在的问题，影响着人们的生活质量。根据句意及汉语提示，可知为affect。设空处在句中作非谓语，应用现在分词的形式作结果状语，故填affecting。61.Inresponsetothedestructiveea

rthquake,humanitarianorganizationsimmediatelysentreliefsuppliessuchasfood,waterandmedicalaidtothe________a

rea(灾区).(根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】stricken【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：为应对这场破坏性地震，人道主义组织立即向灾区运送了食品、水和医疗援助等救援物资。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作定语使用形容词，且意义为“受灾的，受侵害的”，所以应该用形容词stricken，构成

短语strickenarea“灾区”，故填stricken。62.Whenwewereshownaroundtheschool,wewerefascinatedby________(琳琅满目)ofartworksmadebystudentsondisplay.(根据汉语提

示单词拼写)【答案】varieties【解析】【详解】考查固定短语。句意：当我们被带到学校参观时，我们被展出的学生们制作的各种艺术作品迷住了。根据汉语提示“琳琅满目”可知，此处使用固定短语varietiesof。故填varieties。63.Coloursmayhavedif

ferentmeaningsindifferentculturalcontext,forinstance,red________(象征)violenceandbloodinthewestbutluckandhappinessinCh

ina.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】symbolizes【解析】【详解】考查动词、时态。句意：颜色在不同的文化背景下可能有不同的含义，例如，红色在西方象征暴力和血腥，在中国象征幸运和幸福。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作谓语，使用动词，根

据汉语提示，表示“象征”含义的动词为：symbolize，因句子表示的是一个客观情况，句子时态使用一般现在时，又因主语为第三人称单数形式，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式，故填symbolizes。64.Dueto

theoutbreakofCOVID-19,hundredsofprivatecompanies,whichfoundithardtorunbusinessintherampantpandemic,hadto

________(挣扎，斗争)forasurvival.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】struggle【解析】【详解】考查动词。句意：由于新冠肺炎的爆发，数百家私营公司发现在肆虐的疫情中很难经营，不得不为生存而斗争。根据句意和中文提示可知，表示“挣扎，斗争”应用

struggle，为动词，在本句中作谓语，且haveto后应用动词原形。故填struggle。65.She________(讲述)toushowherhusbandwenttoherrescueintimeofdange

r.Onlythenwassheawareofherhusband’sloveforher.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】related【解析】【详解】考查动词、时态。句意：她向我们讲述了她丈夫是如何在危险时刻去救她的。直到那时，她才意识到丈夫对她的爱。分析句子结构，空白处在句

子中作谓语，使用动词，根据汉语提示，表示“讲述”含义的动词为：relate，因句子表示的是过去发生的动作，谓语动词使用一般过去时，故填related。第五节完成句子(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)根据中文意思，使用所给提示词的正确搭

配补全句子，请使用必修一unit4-5中的课文原句。66.Inlessthanoneminute,alargecity________________________.(ruin)在不到一分钟的时间里，一座大城市沦为废墟.【答案】①.lay②.in③.ru

ins【解析】【详解】考查固定短语和动词时态。根据句意可知，空处应为固定搭配lieinruins“沦为废墟”。本句为对过去情况的描述，应为一般过去时，故用lie的过去式lay。故填layinruins。67.However,dangerouscond

itionsanddamagedroadswill________________________________deliverfoodandsupplies.(make)但是，危险的条件和受损的道路使得运送食物和物资都会很困难。【答案】①.make②.

it③.difficult④.to【解析】【详解】考查固定句型。“使做某事是……”为固定句型makeit+形容词+todosth.，it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是不定式，“困难”为形容词difficult，由will可知，动词make应用原形，故填makeitdif

ficultto。68.Nowforouremergencysupplies,wewouldsuggestalways________________________enoughwaterandfoodfor

threedays.(hand)对于我们的紧急物资，我们建议随时有足够的水和三天的食物。【答案】①.having②.on③.hand【解析】【详解】考查固定搭配。“建议做某事”为固定搭配suggestdoingsth.，“随时”此处理解为“可用的，在手边的”为固定搭配onhand，“有”为动词

have，此处应用动名词作宾语，故填havingonhand。69.Everythingbegantoshake.Itseemed________________theworld________________toanend!(as)一切都开始摇晃起来。仿佛世界末日即将来临。【答案】①.a

s②.if③.were④.coming【解析】【详解】考查固定短语和虚拟语气。根据句意可知，句中应用asif“仿佛”引导表语从句。cometoanend“结束”，根据汉语“仿佛世界末日即将来临”可知，从句动作与实际情况不符，应用过去进行时形式的虚拟

语气，werecoming表示对将来事情的虚拟。故填①as②if③were④coming。70.EmperorQinshihuangunitedthesevenmajorstatesintooneunified

countrywheretheChinesewritingsystembegantodevelop________________________.(dirction)秦始皇统一七个诸侯国后，在这个统一的国家里，汉字书写体系开始朝着一个方向发展。【答案】①.in②.o

ne③.direction【解析】【详解】考查固定搭配。“朝一个方向发展”为developinonedirection，故填inonedirection。71.Thatwritingsystemwas_____

___________________________unitingtheChinesepeopleandculture.(importance)该书写体系对于统一中国人民和中国文化非常重要。【答案】①.of②.great③.importance④.in【解析】【详解】

考查固定短语。句意：这一本书写体系对于凝聚中华民族和中华文化具有重要意义。表达“有着重要的意义”应用动词短语beofgreatimportance，“在……方面”可使用介词in。故填ofgreatimportancein。72.AsChinaplaysagre

aterroleinglobalaffairs________________________________internationalstudentsarebeginningtoappreciateChina’scultureandhistorythroughthisamazi

nglanguage.(number)随着中国在全球事务中扮演着越来越重要的角色，越来越多的国际学生开始通过汉字这一奇妙的语言了解和欣赏中国的文化和历史。【答案】①.an②.increasing③.nu

mber④.of【解析】【详解】考查固定搭配。“越来越多的”为固定搭配anincreasingnumberof，故填anincreasingnumberof。73.IusedtogethighmarksinEn

glish,butnowI’m________alotof________________mylistening.(trouble)我以前英语常常拿满分，但是现在听力遇到了很多麻烦。【答案】①.having②.trouble③.with【解析】【详解】考查固

定搭配和时态。“在某事上有麻烦”为固定搭配havetroublewithsth.，由I’m和句意可知，此处表示现在正在发生的事情，应用现在进行时，动词have应用现在分词形式与am构成现在进行时，故填havingtroublewith。74.O

urrelationshipiscloseandweareequals,soIonlyneedafewwords________________________________betweenus.(gap)我们的关系很亲密，而且我们是同等的人，因此我只需说几个

字就能消除我们之间的距离。【答案】①.to②.bridge③.the④.gap【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。“消除”为动词bridge，“差距”为名词gap，此处特这我们之间的距离，应用定冠词来修饰，“消除我们之间的差距”为bridgethegapb

etweenus，在句中作目的状语，应用动词不定式，故填tobridgethegap。75.WrittenChinesehasalsobecomeanimportant________________________China’spresentiscon

nectedwithitspast.(定语从句)汉字书写也成为连接中国的过去与现在的一种重要手段。【答案】①.means②.by③.which【解析】【详解】考查名词和定语从句。“手段”为名词means，由an可知，应用单数，第二空和第三空引导定语从句，修饰先行词means，

从句缺少“通过这种方式”之意，应用介词+关系词引导定语从句，“通过这种方式”为bythemeans，关系词在从句中作宾语，指物，应用by+which引导定语从句，故填meansbywhich。第三部分写作(共1题，共15分)76.假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Jim很喜欢

中国文化，最近他在学习汉语，但他发现记忆汉字很困难，因此发邮件向你求助。请你给他回一封电子邮件，内容包括：1.给予理解；2.提出建议；3.表达祝愿。注意：1.词数80左右;2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯Dear

Jim,__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_______Yours,LiHua【答案】DearJim,I’mverygladtohearfromyou,learningthatmemorizingChinesecharactersisreallyaheadac

heforyou.Asamatteroffact,itisnotuncommonformanynon-nativelearnerstofindthemselvesinyoursituation.Justtakeiteasyandherecomesmyadvice.Firstofall,it

istobuildupthesenseoflanguagethatreallymatters,whichcanbeachievedbyrecitingasmanyshortChinesestoriesaspossible.Beside

s,extensivereadingisalsopreferable,becauserepetitionhelpsimproveyourmemoryofnewwords,sothatyoucanrememberChine

secharactersinasubtleway.Equallyimportantistowritethecharactersrepeatedlyandmechanically,whichservesthepu

rposeofmemorizingthewords.Ihopemyadviceisofhelptoyou.Bestwishes!Yours,LiHua【解析】【导语】本文是应用文。假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Jim很喜欢中国文化，最近他在学习汉语，但他发现记忆汉字很困难，因此

发邮件向你求助。请你给他回一封电子邮件。【详解】1.词汇积累高兴的：glad→delighted首先：Firstofall→Atfirst此外：Besides→Inaddition有帮助的：beofhelp→behelpful2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Asamatteroffact,i

tisnotuncommonformanynon-nativelearnerstofindthemselvesinyoursituation.拓展句：Asamatteroffact,itisnotunco

mmonthatmanynon-nativelearnersfindthemselvesinyoursituation.【点睛】【高分句型1】I’mverygladtohearfromyou,learningthatmemorizingChinesecharactersisreallya

headacheforyou.(运用了that引导的宾语从句)【高分句型2】Firstofall,itistobuildupthesenseoflanguagethatreallymatters,whichcanbeachievedbyreciti

ngasmanyshortChinesestoriesaspossible.(运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)听力答案：1-5BCABA6-10BABCA11-15ACBAC16-20BCBCA获得

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