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2019学年奉贤区学科教学质量调研高三英语试卷（满分140分，考试时间120分钟）I.ListeningComprehensionSectionADirections:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Att

heendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversa

tionandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1.A

.Supermarket.B.Tailor'sshop.C.Departmentstore.D.Conveniencestore.2.A.200pounds.B.600pounds.C.300pounds.D.700p

ounds.3.A.Calltheticketofficelater.B.Ordertheticketsonline.C.NottobuytheticketontheInternet.D.Orderthet

icketswhenit'snotbusy.4.A.Borrowingmoneyfromabusinesscompany.B.Lendingsomemoneytoastudent.C.Askingforsomefinancialai

d.D.Readingstudents'application.5.A.Thebedistoblameforhisnotfallingasleep.B.Hecanfallasleepifhestopsdrinking.C.Hecandrinkmoretofalla

sleepeasily.D.Drinkingisgoodforsleeping.6.A.Heissatisfiedwiththecontent.B.Hefeelssorryforit.C.Hethinksitisvalueless.D.H

ethinksitisvaluable.7.A.ProfessorSmithspokeGreekwhenheexplainedthemathsproblem.B.Thewomanstilldidn'tunderstandthemathsproblem

.C.Unfortunately,shedidn'thearProfessorSmith'sexplanation.D.ProfessorSmithdidn'texplaintheproblemclearly.8.A.Collectpape

rsfortheman.B.Dothetypingonceagain.C.Checkthepaperfortypingerrors.D.Readthewholenewspaper.9.A.Procee

dinhisownway.B.Sticktotheoriginalplan.C.Negotiatewithhiscolleague.D.Trytochangehiscolleague'smind.10.A.Hisprojectprovedtobeunsuccessful.

B.Hewasunabletogetsufficientmoney.C.Lackoflandpreventedhissuccess.D.Hewassuccessfulwithhisproject.Sec

tionBDirections:InSectionB,youwillhearseverallongerconversation(s)andshortpassage(s),andyouwillbeaskedseveralquestionsoneachoftheconver

sation(s)andthepassage(s).Theconversation(s)andthepassage(s)willbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyou

hearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Questions11through13

arebasedonthefollowingtalk,11.A.Toguideandhelpchildren'splay.B.Togivechildrenanopportunitytoplay.C.Tomakechildrenex

cited.D.Tokeepchildrencompany.12.A.Itdeterminesthestandardachildcanreach.B.Itisthehappiestperiodduringone'slife.C.Itisth

emostimportanttimetoshapeone'scharacter.D.Itisthebesttimeforchildrentolearnnewthings.13.A.Therelationshipbetw

eenplayandlearning.B.Thewaytohelpchildrendevelopbothphysicallyandmentally.C.Theimportanceofchildren'splay.D.Dif

ferentstagesofchildren'sdevelopment.Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingpassage,14.A.Ittendstowande

rtowardsunpleasantexperiences.B.Itwandersforalmosthalfoftheirwakingtime.C.Ithastroubleconcentratingafterabraininjury.D.Ittendstobeaf

fectedbytheirnegativefeelings.15.A.Tofindhowhappinessrelatestodaydreaming.B.Toobservehowone'smindaffectsone'sbehavior

.C.Toseewhydaydreamingimpactswhatoneisdoing.D.Tostudytherelationbetweenhealthanddaydreaming.16.A.Participantswithc

leargoalsinmindoutperformedthosewithoutcleargoals.B.Thedifferenceinperformancebetweenthetwogroupswasinsignificant.C.Non-daydreamersweremore

confusedontheirtasksthandaydreamers.D.Daydreamersdidbetterthannon-daydreamersintaskperformance.Questio

ns17through20arebasedonthefallowingconversation.17.A.Theiraveragelifespanwaslessthan50years.B.Itwasverycommonforthemto

have12children.C.Theyretiredfromworkmuchearlierthantoday.D.Theywerequiteoptimisticabouttheirfuture.18.A.Getreadyforecological

changes.B.Adapttothenewenvironment.C.Learntousenewtechnology.D.Explorewaystostayyoung.19.A.Whenallwome

ngoouttowork.B.Whenfamilyplanningisenforced.C.Whenaworldgovernmentissetup.D.Whenallpeoplebecomewealthier.20.A.Eliminatepovertyandinjustice.B.Migratet

ootherplanets.C.Controltheenvironment.D.Findinexhaustibleresources.II.GrammarandVocabularySectionADirections:Afterreadin

gthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankw

iththeproperformofthegivenword:fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.PlantsScreamintheFaceofStressForthefirsttime,researchersappeart

ohaveevidencethatlikeanimals,thoseplantsdeprivedofwateror___1___(force)toendurebodilyharmcanletouttheirpai

n.Thestudy,___2___hasyettobepublishedinascientificJournal,addsanotherdimensiontoscientists___3___(grow)unders

tandingofhowplantsdetectandinteractwiththeirsurroundings.Inrecentyears,ithasbecomeveryclearthatplantsaremoresensitivethan

researchers___4___(think).Theyrespondwhentouchedbyinsectsandturntowardsourcesoflight."Plantsarenotjust

roboticstimulus-responsedevices,"saidFrantisekBaluskaoftheUniversityofBonninGermany."They'relivingorganismswhichhavetheirown

problems/'Actuallymakingtheirsufferinghearable,however,isanothermatterentirely.___5___(test)thatpossibility

,ateamledbyItzhakKhait,aplantscientistatTelAvivUniversityinIsrael,placedmicrophonescapableofdetectingultrasonicfrequencies(超声波

频率)fourinchesfromtomatoandtobaccoplants.Theresearchertheneitherstoppedwateringthemorcuttheirstems.Measuringintherangeof20to150kilohertz(千赫).theresea

rchersfoundthatevenhappy,healthyplantsmadetheoccasionalnoise.Butwhencut,tobaccoplantsemitted___6___averageof15soundswithinanhourofbeingcut___7

___tomatoplantsproduced25sounds.___8___researchersaren'tyetsurehowplantsproducethesesounds,Khaitandhiscolleaguesproposedoneposs

ibilityintheirpaper___9___aswatertravelsthroughtheplants'tubes,airbubbleswillformandexplode,producingsmallvibrations.Allthis"screaming”c

ausedbystresswasn'tinarangedetectablebyhumanears.Butorganismsthatcanhearultrasonicfrequencies—likemice,batsorperhapsotherplants—_____10_____possiblyh

eartheplantscriesfromasfarawayas15feet.【答案】1.forced2.which3.growing4.thought5.Totest6.an7.while8.Although/While/

Though9.that10.could/can【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了最近的研究发现：和动物一样，在面对压力时，植物可以释放它们的痛苦。【1题详解】考查过去分词。句意：研究人员首次有证据表明，与动物一样，那些被剥夺

水分或被迫忍受身体伤害的植物可以释放它们的痛苦。分析句子可知，该简单句已经存在动词“canletout”。故force需用非谓语动词。逻辑主语为“植物”和force存在被动关系。故填forced。【2题详解】考查定语从句。句意：

这项研究尚未在科学杂志上发表。分析句子可知，该处为非限定性定语从句。从句部分缺主语，先行词为“物”，要用关系代词which。故填which。【3题详解】考查形容词。句意：科学家对植物如何探测周围环境并与之互动的理解不断加深，这又增加了一个新的维度。分析句子，需将提示词变为形容词修饰后面的名词“理解

”。故填growing（增加的）。【4题详解】考查动词时态。句意：近年来，人们越来越清楚地认识到植物比研究人员想象的更加敏感。分析句子，文章将现在的研究和过去研究者的看法对比。故用过去时。故填thought。【5题详解】考查非谓语。句意：为了测试这种可能性,Itzhak

Khait领导的研究小组放置了麦克风……。分析句子可知，句中已经有动词placed。故test需填非谓语表示目的。故填Totest。【6题详解】考查固定短语。句意：但当被切割时，烟草植物在被切割后的一小时内平均发出15种声音。固定短语anaverageof

(平均是)。故填an。【7题详解】考查连词。句意：但当被切割时，烟草植株在被切割后的一小时内平均发出15种声音，而番茄植株发出25种声音。分析句子，烟草发出15种声音而番茄发出25种声音。前后句表示对比。故填while。【8题详解】考查

连词。句意：尽管研究人员还不确定植物是如何发出这些声音的，但是Khait和他的同事在他们的论文中提出了一种可能性。分析句子，前句讲科学家还不确定声音如何发出，后句确说他们提出了可能性。故前后表示“让步”。故填Although/While/Though。【9题详解】考查同位语从句。句意：在他们的论

文中提出了一种可能性:当水通过植物的管子时，气泡会形成并爆炸，产生微小的振动。分析句子可知，后面的从句为名词“possibility”的内容。根据同位语从句的定语：先行词为抽象名词，且从句为该名词内容称为同位语从句。此处同位语从句不缺成分不缺任何含义。

故填that。【10题详解】考查情态动词。句意：但是能够听到超声波频率的生物——比如老鼠、蝙蝠或者其他植物——可能能够听到15英尺以外的植物的叫声。分析句子可知，划线后的动词“hear”用了动词原形，

且根据前句讲某些生物能够听到超声频率。可推出划线部分缺“能够”之意，需填情态动词。故填can/could。SectionBDirections:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedon

lyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.Italiansfind"MomentsofJoyinthisMomentofAnxiety"Itstartedwiththenationalanthem.Thencamethepianochords

,trumpetblasts,violinserenades(小夜曲)andeventheclangingofpotsandpans—allofit___11___frompeople'shomes,outofwindowsandfr

ombalconies,andresoundingacrossrooftops.Finally,onSaturdayafternoon,anationwide___12___ofapplausebrokeoutfor

thedoctorsonthemedicalfrontlinesfightingthespreadofEurope'sworstcoronavirusoutbreak.Italiansremain___13___underhousearrestasthenation,theEuropeanfron

tintheglobalfightagainstthecoronavirus,hasorderedextraordinaryrestrictionsontheirmovementtopreventinfection.Butthemusicandnoiseeruptingoverthestr

eets,frompeople___14___intheirhomes,reflectsthespirit,resilienceandhumorofanationfacingitsworstnationalemergencysincetheSeco

ndWorldWarTotheextentthatthisisavirusthattriespeople'ssouls,ithasalsodemonstratedthe___15___ofthosenationalcharacters.InChina,patriot

ictruckdriversriskedinfectiontobring___16___neededfoodtothepeopleofWuhan,theepicenteroftheoutbreak.InIran,videosshowdoctorsinfullcombatd

ressandmasksdancingtokeep___17___up.AndinItaly,thegesturesofgratitudeandmusicringoutabovethecountry'semptystreets,whi

lesocialmediafeedsfillwith___18___,sentimentalandhumorouswebvideos.Imagesofnursescollapsedfromexhaustionortheirfacesbru

ised(使受瘀伤)fromtightly___19___maskshavealsospreadacrossthewebinrecentdays.Parentspostedpicturesofunicornsandrainbowsdrawnbyyoungchildrenwi

ththetitle"ItwillallbeOK."“We'reItalians,andlovingsingingispartofourculture’’,saidGiorgioAlbertini,51,anarchaeologyprofessorwhoclappedfromhisapartm

entbalconyintheuniversitydistrictofMilan,callingitaway"tofeelacommunity,andtohavethe____20____grief''.【答案】11.I12.B13.A14.C15.G16.F17.D18.E19.

K20.J【解析】本文是一篇新闻报道。新冠状病毒疫情全球蔓延，但是各国人们顽强地与病毒作斗争，从焦虑中寻找快乐，相信“一切都会好起来的”。【11题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：它从国歌开始。接着是钢琴地和弦、小号管乐器的声音、小提琴的小夜曲，甚至锅碗瓢盆发出的叮叮当当的声音，所有

这些从人们的房子、窗户、阳台飘出来，回响在屋顶上。根据句意，应是动词spill，意思为“溢出，迅速涌出”；分析句子结构，此处是“代词allofit+现在分词”的独立主格结构，spill和allofit之间为逻辑上的主动关系，用现在分词形式。故选I项。【12

题详解】考查名词。句意：终于，在周六下午，在抗击欧洲最严重的冠状病毒疫情蔓延的医疗第一线的医生们获得了全国范围内的掌声。前面有不定冠词a，因此所填词应该是名词；round是名词，意思为“轮次，回合”，符

合句意。故选B项。【13题详解】考查副词。句意：意大利人基本上仍被软禁，因为该国——全球抗击冠状病毒的欧洲前线——已下令对他们的行动实施特别限制，以防止感染。修饰短语underhousearrest，应

用副词；essentially是副词，意思为“基本上”，符合句意。故选A项。【14题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：但街道上从困在家中的人们传出的音乐和声音，反映了这个面临二战以来最严重国家危机的国家的精神、坚韧和幽默。短语bestuckin意思为“被困于……

”，此处用过去分词作后置定语，相当于定语从句peoplewhoarestuckin…。故选C项。【15题详解】考查名词。句意：就某种程度而言，这是一种考验人们灵魂的病毒，它也展示了这些民族性格的力量。在定冠词the

后应是名词；strength是名词，意思为“力量”；根据thosenationalcharacters可知，应该是复数形式。故选G项。【16题详解】考查副词。句意：在中国，爱国的卡车司机冒着被感染的危险，将急需的食物

运送到疫情重灾区武汉。修饰过去分词needed，应该用副词；desperately是副词，意思为“极度地”，符合句意。故选F项。【17题详解】考查名词。句意：在伊朗，视频显示医生们穿着全套战斗服，戴着面具跳舞以

保持激昂的精神。短语keepspiritsup意思为“保持情绪高涨”；spirits意思为“精神，情绪”，符合句意。故选D项。【18题详解】考查形容词。句意：在意大利，感谢的手势和音乐响彻这个国家空荡荡的街道，社交媒体上充满了令人

鼓舞、感伤和幽默的网络视频。and连接并列的成分，所填词应该是形容词，与sentimental和humorous并列；encouraging是形容词，意思为“令人鼓舞的”，符合句意。故选E项。【19题详解】考查非谓

语动词。句意：护士因为疲惫而倒下，或他们的脸因为紧紧密封的口罩而有瘀伤的形象近日也在网络上传播。根据句意，此处是动词seal，意思为“密封”；所修饰词mask与seal之间为逻辑上的被动关系，因此用过去分词作定语；tightlysealed修饰名词masks。故选K项。【20题详解】考

查形容词。句意：“我们是意大利人，热爱唱歌是我们文化的一部分。”一位51岁的考古学教授GiorgioAlbertini在米兰大学区的公寓阳台上鼓掌，称这是一种“感受群体、感受集体悲痛”的方式。修饰名词grief，应该用形容词；collective是形容词，意

思为“集体的；共同的”，符合句意。故选J项。III.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:Foreachblankinthefollowingpassageth

erearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA.B.CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Makingchoicesishard.ThatwouldbewhyresearcherMora

nCerfhas___21___itfromhislife.Asarule,healwayschoosesthesecondmenuitematarestaurant.Thisis___22___byhisresearch

inneuroeconomics(神经经济学)(asomewhatnew.divisivefield)atNorthwesternUniversity.AsBusinessInsiderdescribes,Cer

fhasextendedhisideas—whichdrawonsomecontroversialideasinpsychology,includingegodepletionout-intoapieceofadvicethat,t

o___23___happiness,peopleshould"buildalifethatrequires___24___decisionsbysurroundingthemselveswithpeoplewhopossesstraitstheyprefer.Onan

instinctivelevel,Cerf'sidea___25___:Manychoicespeoplemakearetheproductofsocialpressuresandtheinputsof___26___peoplearo

undthem.OneexampleCerffurnishesisthat.___27___consistentlyorderingthesecondmenuitem,heneverpickswheretoeat.Rather,he___28___hisdecisiontohisdiningpar

tner—whichfriendheplanstoeatwith,probablyonehetrusts—andalwaysletsthempick.Whileit’s___29___what,ifanyscienti

ficprinciplesunderliethosepiecesofadvice,thereisnoshortageofresearchshowingthatchoicescansometimesfeelmore____30____thanliberating.A

nexamplefromQuantapoits(假设)：IfyouhaveaclearloveofSnickers(士力架),choosingthatoveranAlmondJoy(杏仁巧克力)oraMilkyWay(牛

奶巧克力)shouldbea____31____.And,asanexperimentconductedbyneuroscientistPaulGlimcheratNYUshowsmostofthetimeitis,____32____youintroducemorechoices.Wh

entheparticipantswereofferedthreecandybars(Snickers,MilkyWay,andAlmondJoy)theyhadnoproblempickingtheirfavorite,butwhenth

eyweregiventheoptionofoneamong20includingSnickers,theywouldsometimesdriftawayfromtheir____33____.Whenthechoiceswe

retakenawayinlatertrials,theparticipantswouldwonderwhatcausedthemtomakesuchabaddecision.AsQuantadetails,accordingtoamodelcalled“divisivenorm

alization”(分裂归一化),whichhasgainedsomepopularity,thewaythebrainencodeschoiceshasalottodowithhowitvaluesallitsoptions.Soifyouh

avetwothingsthatareclearly____34____brainareasinvolvedindecision-makingfireinapatternthatmakesthedecisionc

lear.Whenthechoicesarecomparable,thebraindocsitsbesttofocusonthedistinctionsbetweenthetwo,butmorechoices____35____thatabil

ityout.21.A.relievedB.releasedC.eliminatedD.liberated22.A.influencedB.inheritedC.implementedD.informed23.A.maximi

zeB.balanceC.cherishD.seek24.A.saferB.fewerC.betterD.sounder25.A.standsoutB.comesintoforceC.makessenseD.playsapart26.A.di

stinguishedB.trustedC.authorizedD.honored27.A.inadditiontoB.insteadofC.inspiteofD.regardlessof28.A.conveysB.relatesC.subm

itsD.limits29.A.evidentB.unclearC.criticalD.inevitable30.A.confusingB.inspiringC.worryingD.appealing31.A.stressorB.no-brainerC.challengeD.head

ache32.A.afterB.beforeC.whenD.until33.A.preferenceB.struggleC.statusD.direction34.A.impressiveB.insign

ificantC.uniqueD.distinct35.A.crowdB.figureC.sortD.put【答案】21.C22.D23.A24.B25.C26.B27.A28.D29.B30.A31.B32.D33.A34.D35.A【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在做决定时心理学

理论和大脑的工作过程。选项越少时，人们更容易选择自己喜欢的事物，但当选项变多时，人们往往会偏离自己喜欢的东西。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：做决定是非常困难的，这就是为什么研究者MoranCerf把把做决定这一活动从他生命中消除的原因。A.relieved解除

；B.released释放；C.eliminated消除；D.liberated解放。分析文章内容可知，后文提到“Asarule,healwayschoosesthesecondmenuitematarestaurant.”通常来讲，Mor

anCerf在餐厅时总是选择菜单第二个选项。由此判断，MoranCerf已经放弃了选择这个活动，在他的生活中已经不需要选择了。故选C。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是他在西北大学神经经济学，这一较新的研究领域中得出的。A.

influenced影响；B.inherited继承；C.implemented实施；D.informed通知；了解。分析文章内容可知，MoranCerf是西北大学的研究员，因此才能根据他的研究得出“Makingc

hoicesishard.”做决定很困难这一结论。故选D。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Cerf扩充了他的想法——这些想法借鉴了心理学中一些有争议的想法，包括自我枯竭，他提出了一条建议，即为了使幸福最大化，人们应该多

和自己有着相同喜好的人接触以做出更少的决定。A.maximize最大化；B.balance平衡；C.cherish珍惜；D.seek寻求。分析文章内容可知，Cerf认为做决定是一件很困难的事，而且在他的日常生活中他也尽量避免做决定，从神经经济学的角度来讲，这会让他生活的幸福感提升。故选A

。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Cerf扩充了他的想法——这些想法借鉴了心理学中一些有争议的想法，包括自我枯竭，他提出了一条建议，即为了使幸福最大化，人们应该多和自己有着相同喜好的人接触以做出更少的决定。A.safe安全的；B.fewer更少的；C.better更好

的；D.sounder更合理的。后文提到“bysurroundingthemselveswithpeoplewhopossesstraitstheyprefer.”可以多和与自己有着相同喜好的人接触，喜好相同意味着没有较多的分

歧，这样也不需要再做其他额外的决定。故选B。【25题详解】考查动词词组辨析。句意：在本能层面上来讲，Cerf的想法是有道理的：人们所做的许多决定都是来自于社会的压力和周围可信赖人的输入。A.standsout突出；B.comesintoforce生效

；C.makessense有意义；D.playsapart发挥作用。前文提到“Onaninstinctivelevel”Cerf在神经经济学领域得出的结论，在人类本能层面上也能说的通。故选C。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在本能层面上来讲，Cerf的想法是有道理的

：人们所做的许多决定都是来自于社会的压力和周围可信赖人的输入。A.distinguished尊敬的；B.trusted信任的；C.authorized授权的；D.honored荣幸的。后文提到“whichfriendheplanstoeatwith,probab

lyonehetrusts—andalwaysletsthempick.”在和朋友们吃饭的时候，Cerf也会让他信任的朋友们点餐，由此判断有时候做决定的时候是自己信任的人。故选B。【27题详解】考查介词词组。句意：除了不断点菜单里的第二项之外，他从来不选择去哪里吃饭。

A.inadditionto除此之外；B.insteadof而不是；C.inspiteof尽管；D.regardlessof不管。后文提到Cerf在吃饭地点这件事上从来不做选择，说明他除了点菜单上的第二个菜之外不做任何其他的事情。故选A。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：相反

的是，他会把仅有的决定用在决定他的用餐伙伴上——他会决定和哪个朋友一起吃饭，有可能是他信任的朋友——并且总是让他们挑选吃什么。A.conveys传达；B.relates相关；C.submits提交；D.limits限制。分析文章内容可知，Cerf是一个不怎么做决定的

人，他会做决定的事只有吃菜单上的第二项和决定自己和谁一起吃饭，由此判断Cerf只会在某些事情上做决定，即限制自己做决定的情况。故选D。【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然目前还不清楚，有什么科

学原则作为这些建议的基础。但不乏研究表明，选择有时候会比自由更让人困惑。A.evident显而易见的；B.unclear不确定的；C.critical关键性的；D.inevitable不可避免的。第二

段第三行提到“Cerfhasextendedhisideas—whichdrawonsomecontroversialideasinpsychology”，Cerf的研究结果是借鉴了一些具有争议的观点，而不是具有权威性的理论，因此Cerf这一结果的理论基础是不确

定的。故选B。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然目前还不清楚，有什么科学原则作为这些建议的基础。但不乏研究表明，选择有时候会比自由更让人困惑。A.confusing令人困惑的；B.inspiring鼓舞人心的；C.worrying担心的；D.appealing有吸引力的。分析文章可知，第

四、五段提到了一个实验，如果只有三个巧克力的话人们很快就能选出自己喜欢的那一个，但如果有二十个选项的话人们反而不知道选择哪一个，即拥有更多的选项反而会让人无从选择。故选A。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：如

果你非常喜欢士力架，那么选择杏仁巧克力还是牛奶巧克力就是一件无需动脑筋的事。A.stressor压力；B.no-brainer无需动脑的事；C.challenge挑战；D.headache头痛。分析文章可知，作为巧克力喜爱者在巧克力选项中二选一应该是一件很简单的事情

。故选B。【32题详解】考查介词辨析。句意：而且，正如神经学家PaulGlimcher在纽约大学进行的一项实验所显示的那样，大多数情况都是这样的，直到引入更多的选择。A.after在……之后；B.before在……之前；C.when当……时候；D.until直到……才。第五段提到被试者被给

出了20个选项来做出选择，在有着20个选项的时候，做决定就变成了一件非常困难的事情。故选D。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当被试者在三种巧克力中选择一个最喜欢的时，对他们而言是完全没问题的，但当他们被给予20个选择时，有时候就会偏离他们的喜好。A.preference偏好；B.strugg

le挣扎；C.status状态；D.direction方向。该段最后一句提到“…makesuchabaddecision.”被试者会做出非常糟糕的决定，由此判断在选项很多的情况下，会导致人们不会选择自己喜欢的事

物，这就导致被试者觉得自己做了一个不好的决定。故选A。【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：是明显不同的大脑区域参与决策。A.impressive令人印象深刻的；B.insignificant微不足道的；C.u

nique独特的；D.distinct与众不同的。前文提到“thewaythebrainencodeschoiceshasalottodowithhowitvaluesallitsoptions.”大脑选择编码的方式与大脑如何看待所有的选项有很大的关系，即大脑在做不同抉择时所运用的大脑部分是不一

样的。故选D。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当选项可比较时，大脑会竭尽其所能专注于两者之间的区别，但当选项变多时，这种能力就会被排斥出来。A.crowd挤；B.figure认为；C.sort整理；分类；D.put放。第四、五段提到，当人们只用在三个选项中做出选择时，很快

就能选择出自己喜欢的那一个，但如果在二十多个选项中人们就很难做出很好的选择，即做选择的能力就被削弱了，且此处为固定词组crowdout，意为“挤出；驱逐；排斥”。故选A。SectionBDirections:Readthefollo

wingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B.CandD.Cho

osetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)Onespringday.oncethe

flowershavebeguntoopen,abeewillhover(盘旋)andzipthroughyouryardanddive-bombyourpicnictable.Whileyou'rethinkingaboutavoidinganattack,tha

tbeeisfocusedonsomethingelseentirely:me.Ahoneybeehasaboutsixweekstolive.Today,likemostdays,hertaskistoflyasmanyasthreemi

lesfromhome,stickherlong,straw-liketongueintoahundredorsoflowers.Whenthebeehashadherfill,she'llflyhome.Therethebeewilldepositwhatshehasgo

tintothemouthofoneofherco-workers,whowillrelayittoanother,andsoonforabout20minutes,untilthemixtureisread

ytobeplacedintothecomb.Thensheandher50.000orsomateswillhoverinthedarkallnighteverynight,flappingtheirwingstocreatehot,breezycond

itionstoremovethewaterfromthemixture.Severalsunriseslater,theywillsealmeoffinagoldencellofbeeswax.Inherlifetime,

ourbeemayvisit4.000flowers,andyetwillproduceonlyone-twelfthofateaspoonofme.TheaverageAmericanconsumesnearlyapoundandahalfofmeeveryyear

,intea,ontoast,andbeyond.IfIdosaysomyself,Iamatimelesstreasure.Literally—Inevergobad.Unfortunately,mygoodh

ealthisnotguaranteed.Theproblemliesinthegrowthofindustrialagricultureandtheuseofpestcontrolchemicals,aswellaschangesinweath

erpatterns,allofwhichreducethenumberofflowersbeeshavetovisit.I'dappreciateyourlettingyourowngardengrowjustalittlewild.Myfuturedepe

ndsonallofusfosteringspringandsummerswildflowers,thushelpingthebees,whogivesomuch—toyou,tome—withouteveraski

ngforanythinginreturn.36.Whatdoes"me"refertointhepassage?A.Theflower.B.Thebee.C.Water.D.Honey.37.Whatisthe2ndparagraphma

inlyabout?A.Bees'specialtalent.B.Bees’hardwork.C.Bees'livingenvironment.D.Bees'socialbehavior.38.Whichoneofthefollowingistrueaccordingtoth

epassage?A.Abeewillalwaysprioritizeattackingpicniclovers.B.Before"me"issealedoffinbeeswax,thedryingprocesscantakeafewnights.C.Thelifeworkofabees

atisfiestheaveragedemandofanAmericanconsumerannually.D.Beesaremorelikelytovisitthosedeliberatelypest-controlledgarden

s.39.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A.Toappealforhelpforhoneybees.B.Totalkaboutthehistoryofatreasure.C.Toputforwardtechniquesforgardeners.D.Toargueagai

nstthecontrolofchemicals.【答案】36.D37.B38.B39.A【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章以蜂蜜自述。讲述了蜜蜂采蜜，酿蜜的过程。最后强调了工业化农业的发展对采蜜的影响以及寻求帮助。【3

6题详解】词义辨析题。根据第一段可知，当春季百花盛开，蜜蜂会在你的院子上盘旋或轰炸你的野餐。但当你在躲避攻击时，蜜蜂却完全在关注另外一件事。在根据第二段，大多数的日子里，蜜蜂会飞到离家三英里远的地方去采蜜。故

综合分析：蜜蜂关注的是蜂蜜而不是人。故选D项。【37题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段可知，蜜蜂要飞离家三英里的地方采蜜，采完密后还要加工。同时提到，一生中蜜蜂可能会采集4000多花。综合分析，整段都在讲蜜蜂的辛

苦。故选B项。【38题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段倒数第3行中Severalsunriseslater,theywillsealmeoffinagoldencellofbeeswax可知，要成为最终的蜂蜡，要经过几个日出之后。故选B项。【39题详解】主旨大意题。分析最后一段可知，工业化农业

的发展、害虫防治化学的使用以及气候的变化，都影响了蜜蜂的采蜜行为。最后表示感谢如果能让花园荒废点，蜜蜂的未来取决于所有人培育的春天和夏天的野花。综合分析可知，它们在寻求帮助。故选A项。(B)GetYourUnlimit

edCardatCineworldCinemasEnjoyUnlimitedFilmsWatchallthefilmsyouwantatanyCineworldforjustonemonthlyprice.BeinganUnlimitedc

ardholdergivesyouaccesstoallthe2Dfilmsyoucanhandleforonemonthlyprice.Watchwhatyouwant,whenyouwant,asmanytimesasyouwant.Plus,savemoneywhenwatc

hingfilmsin3Dandothers.Afteryou’vebeenwithusformorethan1yearwe’llupgradeyoutoaPremiumCardandyou’llgetinto3Dfilmscompletelyfr

eetoo!Startenjoyingtodaybyusingatemporarypasswhileyouwaitforyourcardtoarriveinthepost.SaveOnSnacksAndDrinksGet10%offallin-

cinemafoodanddrink.Plusget10%offatCineworldStarbuckslicensedstores.Firstyearcardholdersget10%off.WhilstPremiumcardholdersget25%of

fCineworld’sin-cinemafoodanddrinksincluding,alldrinks,popcorn,nachos,hotdogs,icecream,picknmixandmuchmore.Plusallcardholdersget10%discountsatCine

worldStarbuckslicensedstores.Allyouneedtodoisshowyourcardatthecounterandyourdiscountwillbeapplied.RecommendAFriendU

nlimitedmemberscangetfreemonthsofmembershipwhentheyrecommendUnlimitedtotheirfriends!RecommendUnlimitedtoyourfriendsandwe

’llgiveyoufreemonthsofmembershiptosaythankyou.ForeveryfriendthatsignsupusingyouruniqueRecommendaFriendcodeyouwillboth

receiveonemonth’sfreemembershiponcetheyhavebeenanactiveUnlimitedmemberfor90days.Thefreemonthwillbeautomaticallyaddedtotheendofyourcurren

tsubscription.Youcanearnamaximumof12FreeMonthswithyourRecommendaFriendcode,sorecommendUnlimitedto12friendsandyoucou

ldgetafullyearoffreeUnlimitedcinema!40.Thecinemanamesitsmembershipcard“Unlimited”because__________.A.onecanhavethebenefitsforgoodupon

joiningthemembershipB.Cineworldmemberscanenjoyasmany2Dand3DfilmsastheylikeforfreeC.itfreesamemberfromanyregularpaymenttothemovieti

cketsatCineworldD.cardholderscansharelimitlessdiscountsandofferswithfriendsandrelatives41.Whichofthest

atementisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Thebenefitsabovearenotavailableuntilthecardisdelivered.B.Premiumcardholder

scanhave25%offatalicensedStarbucks.C.Whoeverpersuades6friendsintoUnlimitedcanenjoyahalfyearoffreemembership.D.Asecondyearofinvestmentisworthw

hileifyouareacinemagoer.42.Thispassageisprobablywrittento__________.A.securetheloyaltyofpotentialcustomersB.introducethelatestmov

iesanddiscountsC.promotethepopularityofCineworldcinemasD.giveawaymoviecardstoreadersforfree【答案】40.C41.D42.A【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了办理

Cineworld无限卡的各种好处。【40题详解】细节理解题。根据EnjoyUnlimitedFilms部分BeinganUnlimitedcardholdergivesyouaccesstoallthe2Dfilmsyou

canhandleforonemonthlyprice.Watchwhatyouwant,whenyouwant,asmanytimesasyouwant.Plus,savemoneywhenwatchingfilmsin3Dandothers.(作为一

个无限持卡人，你可以用一个月的价格观看所有的2D电影。当你想看的时候，你想看多少次就看多少次。另外，看3D电影和其他类型的电影也可以省钱)可知，这家影院将其会员卡命名为“无限”，因为它免除了会员在Cineworld购买

电影票的任何常规费用。故选C。【41题详解】推理判断题。根据EnjoyUnlimitedFilms部分Afteryou’vebeenwithusformorethan1yearwe'llupgradeyoutoaPremiumCardandyou'llgetinto3Dfilmscomplet

elyfreetoo!(在你和我们在一起超过一年之后，我们将把你升级到高级卡，你也将完全免费进入3D电影！)可推断出，如果你是电影院的常客，第二年的投资是值得的。故选D。【42题详解】推理判断题。根据文章的标题GetYourUnlimitedCardatCineworldCinemas

(在Cineworld电影院获得你的无限卡)以及各个段落的标题，可知这篇文章主要介绍了办理Cineworld无限卡的各种好处。由此推断出，这篇文章可能是为了确保潜在客户的忠实而写的。故选A。(C)Arar

eholehasopenedupintheozonelayerabovetheArctic,inwhatscientistssayistheresultofunusuallylowtemperaturesintheat

mosphereabovethenorthpole.Thehole,whichhasbeen(rackedfromspaceandthegroundoverthepastfewdays,hasreachedrecorddimensions,

butisnotexpectedtoposeanydangertohumansunlessitmovesfurthersouth.Ifitextendsfurthersouthoverpopulatedareas,suchassouthernGreenland,people

wouldbeatincreasedriskofsunburn.However,oncurrenttrendstheholeisexpectedtodisappearaltogetherinafewweeks.Lowtemperaturesinthenorth

ernpolarregionsledtoanunusualstablepolarvortex（极地漩涡），andthepresenceofozone-destroyingchemicalssuchaschlorine（氯）intheatmosphere--fromhumanactivitie

s-causedtheholetoform.“Theholeisprincipallyageophysicalcuriosity."saidVincent-HenriPeuch.directoroftheCopernicusAtmosphereMonitoringService."W

emonitoredunusualdynamic（动态的）conditions,whichdrivetheprocessofchemicaldepletionofozone.Thosedynamicsallowedforlowertemperaturesandamorestablevo

rtexthanusualovertheArctic,whichthentriggeredtheformationofpolarstratospheric（平流层的）cloudsandthecatalytic（催化的）dest

ructionofozone."TheholeisnotrelatedtotheCovid-19shutdownsthathavedramaticallycutairpollutionandreduc

edgreenhousegasemissions.ItisalsotooearlytosaywhethertheunusuallystableArcticpolarvortexconditionsarelinkedwiththeclimatecrisis,orpartof

normalstratosphericweathervariability.Peuchsaidtherewerenodirectimplicationsfortheclimatecrisis.Tempera

turesintheregionarealreadyincreasing,slowingthedepletionofozone,andtheholewillstarttorecoveraspolarairmixeswithozone-richa

irfromlowerlatitudes.Thelasttimesimilarconditionswereobservedwasinspring2011.WhileaholeovertheArcticisarareevent,themuchlargerholeintheozonelayerover

theAntarctichasbeenamajorcauseforconcernformorethanfourdecades.Theproductionofozone-depletingchemicalshasbeendramaticall

yreduced,underthe1987MontrealProtocol蒙特利尔协议），butsomesourcesappearstilltobefunctioning—in2018.unauthorizedemissionsweredetectedfromsomeareas.New

sourcesofozone-depletingchemicalswerenotafactorintheholeobservedintheArctic,saidPeuch."However,thisisareminderthaton

eshouldnottaketheMontrealProtocolmeasuresforgranted,andthatobservationsfromthegroundandfromsatellitesarecentraltoavoidasituationwheretheozone-

destroyingchemicallevelinthestratospherecouldincreaseagain.''43.Whatisthepossiblemeaningoftheunderlinedword"depletion"?A.replacementB.consumption

C.increaseD.production44.Accordingtothepassage,scientistsareconcernedabouttheholebecause.A.itisexpectedtobeathreattothemankindB.thenewh

oleiscausedbyairpollutionandgreenhousegasemissionsC.itmayencouragefurtherscientificresearchandenvironmentalawarenessD.itwarnsusofan

oncomingclimatecrisis45.Whatcanbelearnedfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.TheholeovertheArcticsharesthesamecausesastheoneovertheAnt

arctic.B.Humanactivitiesarehighlyresponsibleforproducingozone-destroyingchemicals.C.TheMontrealProtocolhassucc

essfullypreventednewemissions.D.SomenewillegalemissionsaretoblamefortheholeovertheArctic.46.Thebesttitleforthepassageisprobably.A.

Record-sizeHoleOpensinOzoneLayerabovetheArcticB.ActionsUrgentlyNeededforaNewHoleinOzoneLayerC.EnvironmentalDisasterandInte

rnationalCooperationD.HowaHoleinOzoneAffectsourLifeonEarth【答案】43.B44.C45.B46.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。北极上空的臭氧层出现了一个罕见的空洞，科学家说这是北极上空大气异常低温的结果。

【43题详解】词意猜测题。根据划线词后的句子ThosedynamicsallowedforlowertemperaturesandamorestablevortexthanusualovertheArctic,whichthentriggeredthefor

mationofpolarstratospheric（平流层的）cloudsandthecatalytic（催化的）destructionofozone.可知，在北极与平常相比，这些动力学允许较低的温度和较稳定的旋涡，这就触发极地平流层云的形成，并催化臭氧层的毁灭。由此

可以看出，depletionofozone与destructionofozone是相似的意思，再结合选项，可知consumption（消耗）符合语境，意为“臭氧层的消耗”。故选B。【44题详解】细节理解题。根据第

二段butisnotexpectedtoposeanydangertohumansunlessitmovesfurthersouth.可知，除非它进一步向南移动，否则不会对人类造成任何危险。因此A项“它将对人类构成威胁”的说法不对；根据第五段Theholeisnotr

elatedtotheCovid-19shutdownsthathavedramaticallycutairpollutionandreducedgreenhousegasemissions.这个空洞与Covid-19shutdowns无关，Covid-19s

hutdowns大大减少了空气污染和温室气体排放，因此B项“这个新的空洞是空气污染和温室气体排放造成的”这个表达不对；根据第六段Peuchsaidtherewerenodirectimplicationsfortheclimat

ecrisis.可知，Peuch说，对气候危机没有直接影响，因此D项“它警告我们有即将到来的气候危机”不对。已经排除了A、B和D项，故选C。【45题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段WhileaholeovertheA

rcticisarareevent,themuchlargerholeintheozonelayerovertheAntarctichasbeenamajorcauseforconcernformorethanfourdecades.可知，北极出现空洞是罕见的，

南极的大一些的空洞四十多年来，一直是人们关注的主要问题。根据这个表达看不出“北极和南极的空洞有相同的起因”，故A不对；根据倒数第二段Theproductionofozone-depletingchemicalshasbeendramaticallyreduced,

underthe1987MontrealProtocol蒙特利尔协议），butsomesourcesappearstilltobefunctioning—in2018.unauthorizedemissionsweredetec

tedfromsomeareas.可知，在1987年签订的《蒙特利尔协议》的约束下，产生的消耗臭氧层的化学物质已经急剧减少，但一些来源仍然在起作用：2018年，从一些区域探测到了未经授权的排放。因此，《蒙特利尔协议》没有成功阻止新的排放，故C不对；根据最后一段Newsource

sofozone-depletingchemicalswerenotafactorintheholeobservedintheArctic可知，消耗臭氧层化学物质的新来源，不是在北极观察到的洞里的一个因素。因此，“北极上空的空洞应

该归咎于一些新的非法排放物”，这个描述是不对的，因此D不对；根据第三段thepresenceofozone-destroyingchemicalssuchaschlorine（氯）intheatmosphere--fromhumanactivities-causedthehol

etoform.可知，破坏臭氧层的化学物质的存在，导致了这个洞的形成，比如大气中的氯——是人类活动产生的，所以“人类活动是产生破坏臭氧的化学物质的主要原因”是对的。故选B。【46题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段Arareholehas

openedupintheozonelayerabovetheArctic,inwhatscientistssayistheresultofunusuallylowtemperaturesintheatmosphereabovethenorthpole.可知，北极上空的臭氧层出现了一个罕见

的空洞，科学家说这是北太平洋上空大气异常低温的结果。由此可知，“北极上空出现罕见臭氧层空洞”可以作为文章标题，故选A。【点睛】概括主旨的方法是：先看首尾或各段开头再看全文找主题句，若无明显主题句，就通过关键词句来概括(如议论文中寻找表达作者观

点态度的词句，记叙文寻找概括情节和中心的动词或反映人物特点的形容词)。文中出现两种或两种以上的不同观点时，务必牢记作者的观点才是体现全文中心的。该文是一篇科技类文章，介绍一种自然现象，该类文章的中心一般就在第一段。因此，考生直接抓住第一段中的“Arare

holehasopenedupintheozonelayerabovetheArctic,inwhatscientistssayistheresultofunusuallylowtemperaturesintheatmosphereabovethenorthpole.”即可找到文章中心。Sec

tionCDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce

.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.Peopleliketoposttheirselfies(自拍!onsocialmedia.Toknowmoreaboutit

,scientistsatSyracuseUniversityinNewYorkrecentlydidaresearchandcameupwithsomesurprisingfindings.Peoplewhoposts

elfiesanduseeditingsoftwaretomakethemselveslookbettershowbehaviorsconnectedtonarcissism,theresearcherssaid.___47___MakanaChock,aprofesso

rfromSyracuseUniversity,saidbecausesocialmediaismostlyusedbypeopletoshareunimportantinformationaboutthei

rlives,itisagoodplaceforpeopleto"worktowardssatisfyingtheirownvanity.''Those“likes"undertheirFacebookselfiesmakethemfeelgood.___48

___Somepeoplefeel"peerpressure"topostselfiesandsomefollowthepopularbeliefthatifthereisnopictureofaneventorexperience,itdidnotr

eallyhappen."Anyway,itshouldn'tbeseenasnegative.Peoplegetsenseofsatisfactionespeciallywhentheygetlikes.Anditdoesnoharm,"Chock

said.Otherfindingsfromthestudyinclude:Therearenomajordifferencesonhowoftenmenandwomenpostselfiesandhowoftentheyuseeditingsoftware.___49__

_Chocksaidpostingselfiesonsocialmediaisnotallthatdifferentfromwhatpeoplehavedoneformanyyears.Ontripsandspecialevents,ourparentsandgrandparent

susedcamerasinsteadofphonestotakephotos.Theywouldbringbackphotostoshowfriendsandfamily.Youhadnochoicebuttolookatthem.Youpr

obablycommentedabouthowniceeveryoneinthephotoslooked,especiallychildrenandthepersonshowingthephotos.Theywerehappytohearyourcomments.___50___Onsocialm

edia,however,peoplecandecidenottolookatphotos--eveniftheyclick“like".A.Takingselfiesisdefinitelyoneexperiencethatmanypeopl

elikedoingandsharingwiththeonlineworld.B.Peoplewhopostgroupselfiesalsoshowaneedforpopularityandaneedtobelongtoagroup.C.Narcissist

sarepeoplewhothinkveryhighlyofthemselves,especiallyhowtheylook.D.Thatwastheoldwayof"clickinglike".E.Thedrivetotakeselfiescanneverthelessdosomegoodtos

ocietyasawhole.F.Butmenwhopostselfiesshowedmoreofaneedtobeseenaspopularthanwomendid.【答案】47.C48.B49.F50.D【解析】这是一篇说明文。讲述一些研究者对喜欢将自拍

照放到网络上的行为进行研究，并且得出了一些惊人的发现。【47题详解】根据前句“研究人员称，那些上传自拍照并使用编辑软件使自己看起来更好的人表现出了与自恋有关的行为”承接上文，C选项“自恋者是那些非常看重自己的人，尤其是他们的长相”。和上文构成递进进一

步说明。切题。故选C项。【48题详解】根据后文的Peoplegetsenseofsatisfactionespeciallywhentheygetlikes可知，当人们收到点赞时会很满足。B选项中的s

howaneedforpopularity刚好和下文的“获得点赞感到满足”契合。故选B项。【49题详解】根据前句“男性和女性上传自拍照的频率和使用编辑软件的频率并没有太大区别”。前后转折，选项F“但相比于女性，上传自拍照的男性更需要被视为受欢迎”。切题。

故选F项。【50题详解】划线前提到：家里人给你看照片，除了好评之外你别无选择。选项D“这是老式的点赞方式”。中的that刚好可以指代前面对照片的评价方式。切题。故选D项。IV.SummaryWriting51.Di

rections:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyo

urownwordsasfaraspossible.It'snaturaltofeeltheneedtocontrolsomethingwheneverythingaroundyoufeelsoutofcontrol,andyoufeelhelpless.Whenafriendofminefirs

theardaboutthecoronavirusoutbreak,shegotdownonherhandsandkneesandcleanedherkitchenfloor.Shetoldme,“Myfloorwasn'tevendirty,butd

oingsomethingconstructivemademefeelincontrolandthatIwasholdingontomypower,despitethedesperatecircumstances.”Yourmostpowerfulweap

onagainstuncertaintyisyourperspectivebecausenobodyandnosituationcantakethatfromyouunlessyougiveitaway.Yourperspectivecanvictimize

orempoweryou.Whenyoulookfortheupsideinadownsidesituationandfigureoutwhatyoucancontrolandwhatyoucan't,it'seasiertoacceptwhateverisbeyondyourcontrol.【

答案】Forreference:Strengtheningorretrievingasenseofcontrolisanaturaldemand.First,goodperspectiveisofthegreatesthelp,forevaluatingthesituationprop

erlybringsaclearerpicture.Second,kindbehaviorsduringtoughtimescansecureyouasenseofcontrolaswell.Third,actionsandthoughtsofpositivityalsohelpasth

eymaycreatehopeandoptimism.It'sessentialtofeelyoucancontrolsomethinginacrisisoremergency.Positiveperspectiveisthemostimport

ant,sinceitwillensureyouconfidenceandpowertopullthroughthedifficultsituation.Thendoingsmallgooddeedscanfreeyou

fromworrytemporarilybyhelpingothers.Lastly,takesomepositiveactiontoarousethehopewithinyou.【解析】【分析】本文考查概要写作。这是一篇说明文。文章陈述了加强或恢复控制感是一种

自然的需求。文章陈述了几种方法来加强或恢复控制感。【详解】本文是一篇读写任务型的作文，要求写出文章的主题大意和要点，要写全要点，抓住重点，要使用自己比较熟悉的词汇、短语和句型，恰当使用过渡词和连接词，以使文章连贯、流

畅。要尽量使用高级词汇和句型、各种从句以及非谓语动词等高级形式，以体现较高的写作水平。本文写作时人称以第三人称为主，时态采用一般现在时。VTranslation52.我们从来没有像现在这样渴望上学。53.既然你只能

呆在家里，为什么不做你喜欢但又没时间做的事呢？54.在欧洲，许多咖啡馆作为社会交往的理想场所，不得不关闭商店以应对公共卫生危机。55.事实证明，当我们的国家面临困难时，每一个中国人，无论在国内还是国外，都愿意为祖国作出贡献。【答案】52.Neverbefor

ehavewebeensoeager/keentogotoschoolaswearenow.53.Whynotdosomethingyoulovebutdon'thavetimetodosinceyoucanonlystayathome?54.InEuropema

nycoffeehouseswhichserveasidealplacesforsocialinteractionhavetoclosetheirstorestorespondtothepublichealthc

risis.55.Itturnsoutthatwhenourcountryisfacingdifficulties,everyChinese,whetherathomeorabroad,iswillingtomakecontributionstotheirmother

land.【解析】【52题详解】考查动词短语和部分倒装。分析句子可知，never为否定词，放在句首，后面的句子用部分倒装（助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语），又因为固定短语：beeager/keentodosth.(渴望

)。根据分析，主语为we，谓语为beeager/keentogo，宾语为school。在根据其他翻译，故翻译为：Neverbeforehavewebeensoeager/keentogotoschoolaswearenow。【53题详解】考查固定短语和since引导的原因状语从句。分析句子可知，本

句为since引导的原因状语从句。Whynot“为什么不”，后面加动词的原形。Whynot后面插了一个定语从句用以修饰something。再根据整个句子的时态为一般现在时。故翻译为：Whynotdosomethin

gyoulovebutdon'thavetimetodosinceyoucanonlystayathome?【54题详解】考查定语从句和动词短语。分析句子可知，咖啡馆后面需加一个定语从句来修饰它。动词短语serveras(作为)是定语从句的动词

。respondto(应对)作为主句的不定式表示目的。分析句意，整句的时态为一般现在时。再根据其他中文提示，故翻译为：InEuropemanycoffeehouseswhichserveasidealplacesforsocialinteractionhavet

oclosetheirstorestorespondtothepublichealthcrisis.【55题详解】考查形式主语、时间状语从句和动词短语。分析句子，“事实证明”后面的从句为形式主语的真正主语。t

urnout(证明是，结果是)为形式主语的谓语，it为形式主语的主语。真正的主语部分，包含了一个由when引导的时间状语从句。从句中whether….or(是……还是)。句子的整体时态是一般现在时，在根据其他汉语提示。故翻译为：Itturnsoutthatwhenou

rcountryisfacingdifficulties,everyChinese,whetherathomeorabroad,iswillingtomakecontributionstotheirmotherl

and.