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平谷区2019-2020学年度第二学期高三年级质量监控英语试卷第一部分知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分)A阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处

用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。ThisyeartheWorldCuphasbeenplayedacrossdifferent___1___(city),andTeamChinahadtrainingsessionsevenontravelingdayswhensomeparticipatingte

amschosetorestupafteratiringflight.Whentheteamstruggled,CaptainZhuTingwasalwaysthere,doingwhateverwasneede

d___2___(carry)theteamforward.That’swhyshehasbecomeanationalvolleyballicon(偶像),justlike“IronHammer”Lang.Nevergivingup,espec

iallyinadifficultsituation,that’s___3___thespiritofChinesewomen’svolleyballmeans.【答案】1.cities2.tocarry3.what【解析】本

文是一篇新闻报道，中国女子排球队在旅游日还在训练，在球队拼搏时，队长朱婷总是和队员们在一起，永不放弃是中国女排精神所在。【1题详解】考查名词。句意：今年，世界杯在不同城市举行比赛。根据theWorldCuphasbeenplayedac

rossdifferent得知世界杯在不同城市举行比赛。形容词different修饰名词复数。故填cities。【2题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：队长朱婷做她能做的为了带球队前进，表示目的用动词不定式。故填tocarry。【

3题详解】考查表语从句。句意：永不放弃，尤其是在逆境中。这是中国女排精神的含义。be动词后是表语从句，从句动词means缺少宾语，且指物。故填what。B阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当

的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Therailwayline___4___(connect)BeijingandZhangjiakou,theco-hostcityoftheBeijing2022WinterOlympics,istheworl

d'sfirstintelligent,high-speedrailway.It___5___(go)intooperationonDec30,2019.Therailwayis174kmlong,withamaximumdesignspeedof350kph.Itreduces

thetraveltimebetweenBeijingandZhangjiakoufromoverthreehoursto47minutes.Thetrainisdesignedwithanareatostoresnowboards,ade

vicetosecurewheelchairsandamobilenewscenter___6___passengerscanwatchliveOlympicbroadcasts.【答案】4.connecting5

.went6.where【解析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了连接北京与2022年冬奥会合办城市张家口的高速铁路。【4题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：连接北京和张家口的铁路线是世界上第一个智能高铁。谓语动词是is，连接和谓语动词

之间没有连词，要用非谓语动词，主语是铁路线和连接是主动关系，用现在分词。故填connecting。【5题详解】考查动词时态。句意：2019年12月30日它投入运行。onDec30,2019.提示是过去时态。故填went。【6题详解】考查定语从句。句意：火车上设计有存放滑雪板

的区域，一个确保轮椅安置和移动新闻中心，在那里乘客可以看奥林匹克直播，先行词是amobilenewscenter，在定语从句中做地点状语。故填where。C阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个

适当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。The“Twenty-fourSolarterms”istheChinese___7___(tradition)wayofdividingandmarkingtime.Itshowstherelationshipbetweentheun

iverse,seasons,climateandagriculture,whichisuniquelycreated___8___Chineseancestors.TheTwenty-fourSolarTermsareimportan

tinstructionsfortheagriculturalproductionaswellaspeople'sdailylives.Attheinitialstageofagriculturaldev

elopment,peoplebegantoexplorerulesofnatureandused___9___(they)toguidesowing,harvestingandotheragriculturalac

tivities.Untilnow,it___10___(become)anessentialtooltoguidetheagriculturalproductioninChina.Anditscharmandvaluehavebeen

increasinglyrecognizedbythepublic.【答案】7.traditional8.by9.them10.hasbecome/becomes【解析】本文是说明文。介绍了中国划分时间的传统方式“二十四节气”.【7题详解】考查形容词。句意：二十四节气是中国传统的划分时

间的方法。形容词修饰名词，方法是名词，故填traditional。【8题详解】考查介词。句意：它表示宇宙、季节、气候和农业的关系，它被中国祖先创造。表示被动用be动词加过去分词+by，故填by。【9题详解】考查代词。句意：人们开始探索自然的规律并使用它们来引导播种、收获或其他

农业活动。动词后用宾格代词。故填them。【10题详解】考查时态。句意：直到现在，它已经成为了引导中国农业生产重要的工具。untilnow可以理解为现在之前用现在完成时或当前的状态用一般现在时。故填hasbecome/becomes。

第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。NeverSayQuitInmytwenty-fiveyearsofcoaching,Ien

counteredmanyextraordinaryathletes.Yettheathletewhomadethegreatestimpressiononmewasn'toneofthosepromisingyoungmen,butBobbyColson.Earlyint

heseason,Bobby,wholookedheavybutstrong,___11___meintheschoolhallway.Hetoldmehewaseagertojoininourtrackteamandbelievedhecouldmakeanimportant___12___.

Iwasdeeply___13___byhispresentationandself-confidence.Givenhisphysique,thelogicalroleforBobbywasthatofa"

weightman”.Sohedidhisbestintryingdiscus(铁饼),shotpot…,onlytofindouttheseeventswerenot___14___forhimatall.SoBobbyintendedtotryanothermorediffic

ultevent:two-milerace.IadmiredBobby's___15___,buttomyself,Iquestionedwhetherthetwo-mileracewasagoodchoice.YetBobby

was___16___andforthefollowingweeks,hepainfullybut___17___struggledthroughhisworkouts.Threemonthslater,thetwo-mileracewaswellunderway.Whileal

ltheotherrunnershadalreadyfinished,Bobby___18___hadthreelapstogo.AsBobbycompletedhislasttwoofhis___19___laps,sever

alboysfromtheotherteamsstartedmakingfunofhimand___20___athimtogetoffthetrack.Bobbywascryingnoticeablybutkeptgoing.Atthism

oment,ourteammembersnoticedandwentto___21___Bobbyon.Onthelastlap,allourathletesstooduptocheerBobbyon.Imagineamovingsight:

Ourwholeteamlinedup___22___thetrack,clappingandcheeringforBobbyastears___23___downhisface.Afterthat,Bobbyputinefforttosupporthisteammates.H

ewentfromeventtoevent___24___histeammates.Whenoneofourathletestookafirstplace,Bobbywasevenmoreexcitedthanthewinner.Everyteamma

te___25___himverymuchandfeltluckytohavehimintheteam.Bobbyhadbeenrightwhenhetoldmehefelthecouldmakeasignificantcontribution.Hehadjoinedagoodte

amandmadeitintoagreat___26___.Sincethen,I'veseenmanytopathletes___27___thetrackwhentheyknewtheyweren'tgoingtowinarace.Bobby,onthecontra

ry,neveronce___28___leavingthattwo-milerace.Oncehe___29___,quittingwasnotanoption.Hisexamplehelpedusal

ltounderstandthattalentisGodgiven,andthosewhohaveitshouldbethankful,butthespiritof___30___isself-given,andweshouldvalueit.11.A.wa

vedB.informedC.limitedD.stopped12.A.appearanceB.promiseC.contributionD.influence13.A.impressedB.frightenedC.puzzledD.em

barrassed14.A.satisfactoryB.challengingC.suitableD.attractive15.A.enthusiasmB.generosityC.achievementD.cooperation16.A.worr

iedB.confusedC.determinedD.hesitated17.A.cautiouslyB.proudlyC.secretlyD.diligently18.A.stillB.alreadyC.everD.rather19.A.spareB.remaini

ngC.extraD.additional20.A.cryingB.throwingC.shoutingD.criticizing21.A.pullB.assistC.driveD.urge22.A.overB.arou

ndC.withD.beyond23.A.rolledB.pavedC.coveredD.measured24.A.convincingB.appreciatingC.competingD.encouraging25A.enviedB.lovedC.respe

ctedD.believed26.A.familyB.organizationC.institutionD.system27.A.checkoutB.giveoffC.walkoffD.carryout28.A.

supposedB.consideredC.imaginedD.concerned29.A.provedB.realizedC.discoveredD.started30.A.braveryB.unityC.perseveranceD.devotion【答案】11.D12.C13.A14.B

15.A16.C17.D18.A19.B20.C21.D22.B23.A24.D25.B26.A27.C28.B29.D30.C【解析】本文是记叙文。文中笨重强壮的鲍比通过自己的毅力和对队员的关爱告诉我们：毅力的精神是自发的，我们应该珍惜它。【

11题详解】考查动词。句意：在赛季初，看起来笨重但是很强壮的鲍比在学校走廊拦住我。A.waved挥手；B.informed通知；C.limited有限；D.stopped停止。根据Hetoldmehewaseagertojoininourtrack

team得知鲍比拦住作者说了一些话。故选D。【12题详解】考查名词。句意：他说他相信他会做出重要贡献。A.appearance外表；B.promise答应；C.contribution贡献；D.influ

ence影响。根据下文Bobbyhadbeenrightwhenhetoldmehefelthecouldmakeasignificantcontribution.鲍比当时很自信，他说会做出重要贡献。故选C。【13题详解】考查形容词。句意：鲍比的自我介绍和自信，给我留下

印象深刻。A.impressed有印象的；B.frightened害怕；C.puzzled困惑的；D.embarrassed尴尬的。根据Iwasdeeply3byhispresentationandself-confidence.鲍比很自信，这让我印象深刻。故选A。【14题详解】考查形容词。句

意：鲍比尽最大努力练习投铁饼，结果发现这些事情没有挑战性。A.satisfactory满意的；B.challenging挑战的；C.suitable合适的；D.attractive吸引人的。根据SoB

obbyintendedtotryanothermoredifficultevent:two-milerace.鲍比选了更难的赛事，说明他觉得上面的练习没有挑战性。故选B。【15题详解】考查名词。句意：我钦佩鲍比答题技巧激情

。A.enthusiasm热情；B.generosity大方；C.achievement成就；D.cooperation合作。根据Iquestionedwhetherthetwo-mileracewasagoodchoice.鲍比选了更难的赛事，我钦佩他的热情，但不知这是否是好的选择。故选

A。【16题详解】考查形容词。句意：然而鲍比下定决心。A.worried担心的；B.confused困惑的；C.determined决心的；D.hesitated犹豫的。forthefollowing

weeks,hepainfullybut___7___struggledthroughhisworkouts.虽然锻炼很痛苦，他仍然坚持着，这是很有决心的人。故选C。【17题详解】考查副词。句意：在接下来几周，鲍比痛苦但是勤奋的挣扎着锻炼。A.cautiously谨慎；B.pr

oudly骄傲；C.secretly秘密；D.diligently勤奋。hepainfullybut___7___struggledthroughhisworkouts.得知鲍比锻炼时很勤奋。故选D。【18题详解】考查副词。句意：尽管其他选手

已经跑完比赛，鲍比还有三圈才到终点。8.A.still仍然；B.already已经；C.ever曾经；D.rather相当。根据Whilealltheotherrunnershadalreadyfinished,得知其他人跑完了，鲍比还没有跑完。故选A。【19

题详解】考查形容词。句意：当鲍比跑最后两圈时，几个其他队的男孩子开始嘲笑他，喊着要他离开跑道。A.spare多余的；B.remaining剩余的；C.extra额外的；D.additional另外的。根据前面Bobby___8___hadthreelapstogo.得知鲍比还剩

几圈没跑完。故选B。【20题详解】考查动词。句意：当鲍比跑最后两圈时，几个其他队的男孩子开始嘲笑他，喊着要他离开跑道。A.crying哭泣；B.throwing扔掉；C.shouting大喊；D.critici

zing批评。根据Asseveralboysfromtheotherteamsstartedmakingfunofhimand___10___athimtogetoffthetrack.得知其他队的男孩嘲笑他，冲他喊叫，shoutatsomebody，冲某人喊。故选C。【21题详解】考查动

词。句意：这时我们队成员注意到鲍比在哭着坚持上前给他加油。A.pull拽开；B.assist帮助；C.drive开车；D.urge催促。根据Ourwholeteamlinedup___12___thetrack,clappingandc

heeringforBobby得知队员上前给他加油。urgeon加油鼓劲。故选D。【22题详解】考查介词。句意：我们整个队站在跑道边给鲍比加油鼓掌。A.over上面；B.around周围；C.with和；D.beyond超出。BOurwholeteamlinedup___12___thetr

ack,clappingandcheeringforBobbyastears___13___downhisface.跑道周边站着，用around，故选B。【23题详解】考查动词。句意：我们整个队站在跑道边给鲍比加油鼓掌，鲍比眼泪顺着脸颊滑落。A.r

olled滚动；B.paved铺路；C.covered覆盖；D.measured测量。Imagineamovingsight:Ourwholeteamlinedup___12___thetrack,clappingandcheeringforBobbyastears___13___down

hisface.这是一个感人的场景，鲍比哭着坚持，故选A。【24题详解】考查动词。句意：他一个赛事接着一个赛事给队员们鼓励。A.convincing确信；B.appreciating感激；C.competing竞争；

D.encouraging鼓励。Afterthat,Bobbyputinefforttosupporthisteammates.得知鲍比鼓励队友。故选D。【25题详解】考查动词。句意：每个队员都很爱鲍比，感觉队里有他很幸运。A.envied羡慕；B.loved热爱；C.respected

尊重；D.believed相信。feltluckytohavehimintheteam.说明队员们都很爱鲍比。故选B。【26题详解】考查名词。句意：鲍比加入了一个优秀的团体，让它成为一个家庭。A.family家庭；B.organization组织；C

.institution机构；D.system体系。Afterthat,Bobbyputinefforttosupporthisteammates.说明鲍比用行动让整个团体像一个家庭一样。故选A。【27题详解】考查动词短语。句意：我见过很多优秀的选手在获胜无望的情况下离开赛场。A.ch

eckout检查；B.giveoff发出；C.walkoff走开；D.carryout执行。whentheyknewtheyweren'tgoingtowinarace.他们选择离开跑道。故选C。【28题详解】考查动词。句意：相反鲍比从来不考虑离开两公

里比赛。A.supposed认为；B.considered考虑；C.imagined想象；D.concerned关心。Bobby,onthecontrary,neveronce___18___leavingthattwo-milerace.和前面优秀选

手对比，鲍比从不考虑放弃。故选B。【29题详解】考查动词。句意：一旦鲍比开始，从不选择退出。A.proved证明；B.realized意识；C.discovered发现；D.started开始。根据quittingwasnotanoption.得知鲍比有

恒心，开始了就不会放弃。故选D。【30题详解】考查名词。句意：鲍比的例子告诉我们毅力的精神是自发的，我们应该珍惜它。A.bravery勇敢；B.unity团结；C.perseverance毅力；D.devotion贡献。Oncehe

___19___,quittingwasnotanoption.鲍比一直坚持赛跑，很有毅力，故选C。第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给A、

B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AThreeModernServicesWhenyou'reworkingafull-timejob,studyingoronthehuntforwork,lifecanf

eelexhausting.Thegoodnewsisthatmoderntechnologyhasmadelifeeasierinmanyways,andwiththefollowingservice

s,you'llfindyouhavemoretimeandenergyforthethingsthatmatter.MealkitdeliveryservicesMealkitdeliveryservicesareoneofthemostunderestimatedinnovationso

fthe21stcentury.Howtheyworkissimple.Atthebeginningyouchoosehowmanypeopleneedtoeatinyourhousehold.Then,

whatyourdietaryrequirementsare,andanyotherpreferences.Finally,yougettochoosewhichmealkitswillbedeliveredtoyourdoor.Nomatteryourdiet,youc

anhaveanappropriatemealkitdelivered.Forexample,checkouttheselowcarbmealdeliveryoptions.Thekitcomescompletewithalltheingredientsyouneed,alreadyprepar

ed.Allyouhavetodoistofollowthesimplerecipetoputthemtogetherandpopyourmealintheoven.Withmealkitdelivery,youdon’thavetoworryaboutcookingorspend

ingmoneyontakeout.Yourtripstothegrocerystorewillbecomeeasierandyou'llwastelessmoneyandfood.TaskrabbitOneofthemostfrustratingaspect

sofhavingaplaceyoucallyourownisthatyouhavetotakecareofthemaintenance(维修).Evenifyouarerenting,therearecertaintasksthatyourl

andlordwillexpectyoutoseeto,whetheraleakytaporaproblematicelectricalappliance.Forthis,Taskrabbitconnectsyouwithfreelancerswhoarewillingtotak

eonjustaboutanytaskforyou.Youcanhiresomeonetotakecareofyourleakytapratherthanspendingyourowntimeandenergydoingit.You'regivingsome

oneworkwhileenjoyingyourtimeoff.PostmatesFinally,oneofthemostconvenientandusefulservicesis,ofcourse,Postmates.WithPostmates,youcang

etjustaboutanythingdeliveredordeliversomethingyourself.Youcangetsomeonetodoyourgroceriesforyou–simplymakealistofwhatyouneedandchoosewhetherthe

shoppershouldcallyouifsomethingisoutoriftheycandecideonreplacementsthemselves.Youcanalsouseitfortakeout,tos

endorreceivedocuments,andanyotherdeliveryneedsyouhave.Weliveinanageofconvenience,andweshouldtakeadvantageofit.Startu

singtheaboveservicesandyou'llseeyourstresslevelsdrop.31.WhatwillpeoplefirstdotoenjoyMealkitdeliveryservices?A.Tocheckoutsomeoptions.B.Topo

pyourmealintheoven.C.Toconfirmtheexactnumberofpeople.D.Tofollowthesimplerecipetoputthemtogether.32.WhatdothethreeModernServiceshave

incommon?A.Theycanhelppeoplesavemoney.B.AlltheModernServicesaretop-level.C.Theycanmakepeopleeasilyenjoytheirlives.D.Youngpeople

showtheirpreferenceforthethreeModernServices.33.Whereisthepassagemostlikelytobetakenfrom?A.Amagazine.B.Abookreview.C.Anovel.D.Aguidebook.【答案】31.C32.

C33.A【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了三款让生活更便捷的现代科技发明。【31题详解】细节理解题。根据Mealkitdeliveryservices中Atthebeginningyouchoosehowmanypeopleneedtoeatinyourho

usehold.得知餐盒递送服务中你需要首先选择多少人要在家里就餐。要首先确认就餐人们的确切数量。故选C。【32题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段Thegoodnewsisthatmoderntechnologyhasmadelifeeasierinman

yways,andwiththefollowingservices,得知本文介绍的三款科技发明都是提升生活水平，帮人们更容易享受生活的发明。故选C。【33题详解】推理判断题。文章介绍三款现代科技发明，是节选自杂志。不是

书评、小说或导游手册。故选A。【点睛】对于直接信息题此类题型，可以首先从问题中找到关键词,然后以此为线索，运用略读及查阅的技巧在文中迅速寻找这一细节，找到后再把这一部分内容仔细阅读一遍，仔细比较所给选项与文中细节的

细微区别，在准确理解细节的前提下，最后确定最佳答案。例如:小题1问享受餐盒递送服务首先做什么?在文章中找到相关的句子,由第二段Atthebeginningyouchoosehowmanypeopleneedtoeatinyourhouse

hold.可知,需要首先选择多少人要在家里就餐,关键词是Atthebeginning…,C选项Toconfirmtheexactnumberofpeople.是对youchoosehowmanypeopleneedtoeatinyourhouse

hold.…的同义改写，故选C。BLastsummer,KatieStellerpulledoffthefreewayonherwaytoworkinMinneapolis.Shestoppedatatrafficlight,whereamanwassittingwit

hasignaskingforhelp.Sherolleddownherwindow.“Hey!”sheshouted.“I’mdrivingaroundgivingfreehaircuts.IfIgograbmycha

ir,doyouwantonerightnow?”Themanlookedtobeinhis60s.Hewasbalding,andmissingafewteeth.AsStellerlikedtotellthestory,helaughed,thenpaused

.“Actually,”hesaid,“Ihaveafuneraltogotothisweek.Iwasreallyhopingtogetahaircut.”Stellerpulledoutaredchairfromhercarandhelpedthemancuthishairim

mediately.Aftertheworkwasfinished,Edwardlookedinamirror.“Ilookgood!”hesaid.Untillastyear,Stellerhadgivensuchhaircutstopeoplelivingonthemargins(边缘

)aroundthecity.Shewaskeenlyawareofthepowerofhercleanupjob.“It’smorethanahaircut,”shesaid.“Iwantittobeagateway,tosh

owvalueandrespect,butalsotogettoknowpeople.Iwanttobuildrelationships.”Stellerknewthatahaircutcouldchangealife.On

echangedhers:Asateen,shesufferedfromaseveredisease,herhairthinneddrastically.Seeingthis,hermotherarrangedforStel

ler’sfirstprofessionalhaircut.“Tositdownandhavesomebodylookatmeandtalktomelikeapersonandnotjustanillness,ithelpedmefeel

caredaboutandlessalone,”shesaid.Afterthat,Stellerknewshewantedtohaveherownsalonsoshecouldhelppeoplefeelthewayshe’dfeltthatday.Notlongafterfin

ishingcosmetologyschoolin2009,shebeganwhatshenowcallsherRedChairProject,reachingouttopeopleonthestreets.Heraimwa

sthatbydoingsomekindacts,otherswouldbeinspiredtospreadtheirown.“Partofwhatbrokemyheartwasjusthowlonelypeoplelooked,”shesaid.“IthoughtmaybeI’dgoaround

andaskifpeoplewantfreehaircuts.Ican’tfixtheirproblems,butmaybeIcanhelpthemfeellessaloneforamoment.”Itallbeganwithabeliefinsimpleactsofkindness

,suchasafreehaircut.“Thewayyoushowupintheworldmatters,”saidSteller.“Youhavenoideawhatpeoplearegoingtodo

withthekindnessthatyougivethem.”34.HowdidStellerreacttotheman’saskingforhelp?A.Shepaidnoattention.B.Sheofferedafreehaircuttohim.C.She

sentaredchairtohimasapresent.D.Shetoldaninterestingstorytomakehimhappy.35.WhatdidStellermeanbysaying“It’smorethanahaircut”i

nparagraph6?A.Shethoughtitwasarespectablejob.B.Shehadfoundmoreadvantagesforthejob.C.Sheconsideredhaircutas

awaytomakefriends.D.Shehopedherjobcouldmakeadifferencetoothers.36.WhatdidStellerexpectfromRedChairProject?A.Toearnalotofmoney.B.Toknowmorepeople.C.To

passdownthekindness.D.Tomakeherselfstandout.37.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.ACutAbove.B.ABeautifulSalon.C.TheGoodBelief.D.TheMira

cleofLove.【答案】34.B35.D36.C37.A【解析】【分析】本文是记叙文。讲述了凯蒂·斯泰勒在去明尼苏达州工作的路上下了高速公路后给陌生人免费理发传递善行的事迹。【34题详解】细节理解题。根据前两段Shestoppedat

atrafficlight,whereamanwassittingwithasignaskingforhelp.Sherolleddownherwindow.“Hey!”sheshouted.“I’mdrivingaroundgivingfre

ehaircuts.IfIgograbmychair,doyouwantonerightnow?”得知当陌生人求助时，凯蒂·斯泰勒提供免费给他理发。故选B。【35题详解】句意理解题。根据第6段shesaid.“Iwantittobea

gateway,toshowvalueandrespect,butalsotogettoknowpeople.Iwanttobuildrelationships.”得知凯蒂·斯泰勒想通过理发和陌生人建立关系，给他人带来影响。故选D。【36题详解】推理判断题。根据

倒数第三段Heraimwasthatbydoingsomekindacts,otherswouldbeinspiredtospreadtheirown.得知凯蒂·斯泰勒的红椅子项目旨在于通过自己的善行，其他人能够传递善行。故选C。【37题详解

】主旨大意题。本文主要讲述凯蒂·斯泰勒在去明尼苏达州工作的路上下了高速公路后给陌生人免费理发的事迹。ACutAbove.这个标题既和“剪发”切题，又有“更胜一筹”的用法。故选A。【点睛】主旨大意题是篇章阅读一个主要的考查方式，最佳标题（besttitle）是

其一个典型的考点，也是高考阅读中每年的必考题。主旨大意题解题技巧是不要被文章细节所干扰。一般有两种方式解题：一是看首尾段，根据首尾段内容总结主题思想；二是看每段段首句，根据所有段首句总结主题思想。例如本文中的第四题，这是一篇记叙文，根据文体特点可知，记叙文

一般会在文章最后点名文章中心，所以由文章最后一段中的““Thewayyoushowupintheworldmatters,”saidSteller.“Youhavenoideawhatpeoplearegoingtodowi

ththekindnessthatyougivethem.”可知凯蒂·斯泰勒通过在去明尼苏达州工作的路上下了高速公路后给陌生人免费理发传递善行。且选项A中的cut与freehaircut两个关键词都与故事情节紧密相关，故选A。CWh

yispovertysodifficulttoovercome?Whyarepoorerpeoplelesslikelytoinvestintheirownlearningandabilitydevelopment,

butmorelikelytobeaddictedtotelevisionandvideogames?Inthepast,apoorpersonwasnormallyconsideredtohavebadcharacterorhavenoambition.Banerjeecorrectss

uchviewsandexplainstheeconomicsbehindthepoor.Poorpeopletendtolivewithmoreworriesintheirlives,hesaid,sotheyneedtoolssuch

astelevisions,cellphones,junkfoodandvideogamestorelieveworriesmorethanothers.Butinvestmentinlearningoftentakesalongtimetogetrewards,while

thepoorareoftenimpatientduetoeconomicreasons,andtheirlifeinthemeantimeisgettingmoreworrisomeandboring.Thatgo

esforhealth.Banerjeeandhiswifefindthatthepoorspendthesameamountofmoneyandtime,orevenmoreonhealthandmedicalcarethanthe

middleclassgroup,buttheytendtogetbadeffects.Thereasonisthatthepooroftenlacktheessentialmedicalandhealthyknowledgeandtheytendtoge

tmedicaltreatmentwhenthediseasehasworsenedtoacertainstage.Besides,theytendtotrustthedoctorswho“givestron

gmedicine”becausetheybelievesuchdoctorsarethe“good”ones.Butinfact,“strongmedicine”alwaysleadstoresistancetodr

ugsandovertreatment.Thiskindofattitude,whichemphasizestreatmentratherthanearlyprevention,hasbroughtmanypoorpeoplemoreeconomicstressandphysical

damage,andevenhasaffectedtheeducationoftheirnextgeneration.Accordingtothestudy,childreninpoorerphysicalconditiontend

tospendlesstimeinschoolandhavelowerincomesaftergraduation,sopovertygets“inherited”.Whenitcomestofinance,Banerjee'sresearchhasfound

thatthepooroftenneedtoborrowlittleandshort-termloanswhilepayingextremelyhighinterestrates.Itisalsobecausethepoortendtotakehigher

financialrisks----theyoftenhaveunstableincomesandareunabletogetworkingcapitalfrombanks,sotheyrelymoreonthesehigh-interestloans.Andthesesmalll

oansputabrakeontheirsavingsagainstrisks.Howcouldthepoorstepintothemiddleclass?Maybestartingabusinessisawayout.Butfortheextr

emelypoor,it'simpossibletogetthecapitaltheyneedtostartabusiness.Inmostcases,amorepracticaloptionisgettingajobingovernmentagenciesb

ecausecomparativelyspeaking,governmentjobsareverystable,whichgivethepoortheopportunitiestobehiredforthelongterm,toincreasetheran

geoftheirthinkingandthusenablingfamiliestomovefrompovertytothemiddleclass.Banerjee'sresearchprovidesanewperspectiveforgovernmentstounde

rstandpoverty,sothatpoliciescanbetailoredtodecreasepovertyandultimatelyeliminate(消除)it.38.Howdothepoordealwithth

eissueofhealth?A.Theyspendlessmoneyinpreventingdisease.B.Theyfocusmoreonthediseasesthanearlyprevention.C.Theyusu

allythinkitessentialtoresiststrongmedicine.D.Theyarewillingtogetfreemedicaltreatmentfromthegovernment.39.Fromt

heunderlinedsentence,wecanlearnthat_______.A.povertyisproducedbythepoorB.povertyispasseddownbytheirparentsC.povertyhassomebadeffectso

nthepoorD.povertycausespeopletobearmoreeconomicstress40.Banerjeeconsidersitdifficulttoovercomepovertybecause________.A.thepoorhavebadcharac

terorhavenoambitionB.thepoorprefertoinvestinbusinessratherthanworkC.thegovernmenthasn’ttakenproperandeffe

ctivemeasureD.thepoorweretroubledbytheirlives,healthandfinance41.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Thepoorhaveattachedimportancetoeducatio

n.B.Thegovernmentcan’tprovidethejobsforthepoor.C.Allthepoorneedtostartabusinessfortheirsurvival.D.Banerjee'sresearchishelpfulforthegovernme

nttoridofpoverty.【答案】38.B39.B40.D41.D【解析】本文是议论文。为什么贫穷很难克服？班纳吉从对穷人们在生活、健康和财务方面的研究三方面分析为政府提供了一个新的视角。【38题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段.This

kindofattitude,whichemphasizestreatmentratherthanearlyprevention,hasbroughtmanypoorpeoplemoreeconomicstressan

dphysicaldamage,得知穷人们对待健康的方式是关注疾病而不是早期预防。故选B。【39题详解】句意猜测题。根据前句andevenhasaffectedtheeducationoftheirnextgeneration.Accordingtoth

estudy,childreninpoorerphysicalconditiontendtospendlesstimeinschoolandhavelowerincomesaftergraduation,得知贫穷

父母会影响下一代的教育，穷人家的孩子体质更差，在学校学习少。贫穷是可以遗传的。故选B。【40题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段Poorpeopletendtolivewithmoreworriesintheirlives,第三段Thatg

oesforhealth.Banerjeeandhiswifefindthatthepoorspendthesameamountofmoneyandtime,第四段Whenitcomestofinance,Banerjee'sresearchhasfoun

dthatthepooroftenneedtoborrowlittle得知班纳吉认为克服贫穷很难，因为穷人们在生活、健康和财务方面被困扰。故选D。【41题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段Banerjee'sresearchprovidesanewperspective

forgovernmentstounderstandpoverty,sothatpoliciescanbetailoredtodecreasepovertyandultimatelyeliminate(消除)it.得知班纳吉的研究为政府提供了一个新的视角。可以推断出

班纳吉的研究有助于政府来解决贫困。故选D。DAIcanidentifyraregeneticdisordersPeoplewithgeneticsyndromes(基因遗传综合症)sometimeshave

revealingfacialfeatures,butusingthemtomakeaquickandcheapdiagnosiscanbetrickywhentherearehundredsofpossibleconditionstheymayhave.Anewne

ural(神经的)networkthatanalysesphotographsoffacescanhelpdoctorsnarrowdownthepossibilities.GurovichatbiotechnologyfirmFDNAinBostonandhisteambu

iltaneuralnetworktolookatthegestalt(形态)–oroverallimpressionoffacesandreturnalistofthe10geneticsyndro

mesapersonismostlikelytohave.Theytrainedtheneuralnetwork,calledDeepGestalt,on17,000imagescorrectlylabeledtocorresp

ondtomorethan200geneticsyndromes.TheteamthenaskedtheAItoidentifypotentialgeneticdisordersfromafurther

502photographsofpeoplewithsuchconditions.Itincludedthecorrectansweramongitslistof10responses91percentofthetime.GurovichandhisteamalsotestedtheAI’s

abilitytodistinguishbetweendifferentgeneticmutations(突变)thatcanleadtothesamesyndrome.TheyusedimagesofpeoplewithNoonansyndrome,whichcanresu

ltfrommutationsinoneoffivegenes.DeepGestaltaccuratelyidentifiedthegeneticsourceofthephysicalappearance64percentofthetime.“It

’sclearlynotperfect,”saysGurovich.“Butit’sstillmuchbetterthanhumansareattryingtodothis.”Asthesystemmakesitsasses

sments,thefacialregionsthatweremosthelpfulinthedeterminationarehighlightedandmadeavailablefordoctorstoview.Thishelpsthemtounderstand

therelationshipsbetweengeneticmake-upandphysicalappearance.Thefactthatthediagnosisisbasedonasimplephotographraisesquestionsofprivacy.Iffacescanreveal

detailsaboutgenetics,thenemployersandinsuranceproviderscould,inprinciple,secretlyusesuchtechniquestodiscriminateag

ainstpeoplewithahighprobabilityofhavingcertaindisorders.However,Gurovichsaysthetoolwillonlybeavailabletodoctors.ChristofferNellakeratth

eUniversityofOxfordsaysthistechniquecouldbringsignificantbenefitsforthosewithgeneticsyndromes.“Thisisnotfundamentallydifferentinformationthanwe’resha

ringwalkingdownthestreet,orwe’rehappytosharewithFacebookorGoogle,”hesays.“Butquestioningthedatainthiswaymeansyoucanobtaininformati

onabouthealthordiseasestatus.“Therealvaluehereisthatforsomeoftheseextremerarediseases,theprocessofdiagnosiscan

bemany,manyyears.Thiskindoftechnologycanhelpnarrowdownthesearchspaceandthenbeconfirmedthroughcheckinggeneticmarkers,”hesays.Forsomediseases,thiskind

oftechnologywillcutdownthetimetodiagnosethoroughly.Forothers,itcouldperhapsaddameansoffindingotherpeopl

ewiththediseaseand,inturn,helpfindnewtreatmentsorcures.42.WhatisthepurposeofGurovich’sneuralnetwork?A.Tot

esttheAI’sability.B.Toanalyzephotographsoffaces.C.Tohelpdoctorsreducetherangeofthediagnosis.D.Toresearchtheoverallimpressionofpatients’faces.

43.WhatdisadvantagedoesDeepGestaltbring?A.Itwillprobablyinvolveinthepeople’sprivacy.B.Itcannotprovideinformationab

outhealthordisease.C.Thediagnosisbasedonasimplephotographisnotaccurate.D.Itcouldperhapsaddameansoffindingotherpeoplewiththedisease.44.What

canwelearnfromthepassage?A.Theresultoftheassessmentsforthissystemisperfect.B.DeepGestaltcancorrectlylab

el200geneticsyndromes.C.ItseemsdoubtfultouseAItodistinguishgeneticmutations.D.Thiskindoftechnologycanspeedupthediagno

sticprocess.45.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetothistechnique?A.Supportive.B.Puzzled.C.Doubtful.D.Negative.【答案】42.C43.A4

4.D45.A【解析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了古罗维奇研究的新的神经网通过分析面部图片帮助医生缩小诊断范围。实现人工智能看脸识疾病。【42题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段Anewneural(神经的)networkthatanalysesphotographsoffacescanhelpdoc

torsnarrowdownthepossibilities.得知古罗维奇研究的新的神经网通过分析面部图片帮助医生缩小诊断范围。故选C。【43题详解】细节理解题。根据第七段Thefactthatthediagnosisisbasedonasimp

lephotographraisesquestionsofprivacy.Iffacescanrevealdetailsaboutgenetics,thenemployersandinsuranceproviderscould,inprinciple,secret

lyusesuchtechniquestodiscriminateagainstpeoplewithahighprobabilityofhavingcertaindisorders.得知面部图像识别的诊断会引起隐私问题。可以判

断出深度学习算法带来的弊端是它会泄露人们的隐私。故选A。【44题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段theprocessofdiagnosiscanbemany,manyyears.Thiskindoftechnologycanhelpnarrowdownthesearc

hspaceandthenbeconfirmedthroughcheckinggeneticmarkers,”hesays.得知原来诊断过程可能需要很多年完成，现在这种科技可以加速诊断进程。故选D。【45题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段Forsomediseases,thiskindofte

chnologywillcutdownthetimetodiagnosethoroughly.Forothers,itcouldperhapsaddameansoffindingotherpeoplewiththediseaseand,inturn,helpfindnewtre

atmentsorcures.得知对于某些疾病，这种技术可以缩短诊断时间，对于其他人来说，这可能会增加一种发现其他人也有这种疾病，反过来帮助找到新的治疗方法，可以判断出作者的态度是支持。故选A。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短

文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。TheWorldWaterDayhasbeencelebratedannuallyon22Marchsince1992.Eachyearhasadifferenttheme,lookingatthings

liketheroleofcleanwaterintheworldofwork,waystostopwastingwater,findingwaystosupplywatertounderprivilegedgroupsandsoon.___

46___Butitisalsovitalforsanitation(卫生).Itisestimatedthatmorethan700childrenundertheageofsevendieeverydayfromillnesseslinkedt

ounsafewaterandpoorsanitation.Therighttowaterandsanitationwasrecognizedasahumanright.___47___Theseincluderuralcommunities,peoplewhohavebeendispla

cedduetowarandlocalconflictsandareaswhereclimatechangeismakingwatermoreandmorescarcer.Apartfromtheobvioushealthissues,alackofaccessiblecl

eanwatermeansthatpeople–oftenwomenandchildren–spendhourseverydaywalkingtoandfromdistantwatersupplies.Thismeanstheydon’thaveti

metodedicatetowork,studiesandotherdomesticduties.___48___Andpeoplewhoarenotabletowalktogettheirownwat

erareparticularlyvulnerable.Therearemanycharitiesworkingoncreatingsustainablesuppliesofcleanwaterfordifferentcommunitiesaroundthewo

rld.___49___Butthefundamentalproblemofincreasingdemandforalimitedresourcecanonlybeaddressedbymoreefficientuseofwater,es

peciallyinindustryandagriculture.Waste-waterrecycling,capturingrainwater,moreefficientirrigationtechniquesandreforestationareallexamp

lesofhowwatercanbeusedmoreefficiently.___50___Weshouldsupportcharities,raiseawareness,takepartintheWorldWater

Dayeventsthatarehappeningallaroundtheworldand,ofcourse,becarefulwithhowweusewaterinourownlives.VisittheUNWorldWaterDa

ywebsitetofindoutaboutaneventnearus.Followworldwaterdayonsocialmediaandhelpspreadthewordaboutthisincrediblyimpo

rtantissue.A.Cleandrinkingwaterisfundamental.B.Asindividuals,whatcanwedotohelptheissue?C.Thesearchforwaterbecomestheirmainoc

cupation.D.Thisimportantworkneedstocontinueandtoexpand.E.Everylivingcellinthebodyneedswatertokeepfunctioning.F.Innormalconditions

,thehumanbodycanonlysurvivethreeorfourdayswithoutwater.G.However,therearestillatleast2.1billionpeoplearoundtheworldlivingwith

outsafewater.【答案】46.A47.G48.C49.D50.B【解析】本文是说明文。自1992年3月22日起，每年都庆祝世界水日。【46题详解】根据空前Butitisalsovitalforsanitation(卫生).得知但是水在卫生方面也是

至关重要的，说明前面在说水在什么方面是重要的。选项A：干净的饮用水是基础的切题。故选A。【47题详解】根据空后Theseincluderuralcommunities,peoplewhohavebeend

isplacedduetowarandlocalconflictsandareaswhereclimatechangeismakingwatermoreandmorescarcer.包括偏远地区，由于战争和当地冲突，气候变化导致水奇缺。这

里在说世界上仍然有21亿人没有干净的水。故选G。【48题详解】根据空前Thismeanstheydon’thavetimetodedicatetowork,studiesandotherdomesticduties.得知缺水地区的人们没有时间工作学习，搜寻水是他们的主要工作。故选C。【4

9题详解】根据空前Therearemanycharitiesworkingoncreatingsustainablesuppliesofcleanwaterfordifferentcommunitiesaroundthew

orld.有许多慈善机构致力于为世界不同社区创造清洁水的可持续供应。世界有很多地方需要干净的水，得知这种工作需要持续和扩大范围。故选D。【50题详解】根据空后Weshouldsupportcharities,raiseawareness,takepartinthe

WorldWaterDayevents得知我们需要慈善，提升意识，参加世界水日的活动。这是对“作为个人，我们要做些什么来帮助解决这个缺水的问题呢？”提问的回答。故选B。第三部分书面表达（共两节，35分）第一节（15分）51.假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，你的美国朋友Jim对北京的历史文化感

兴趣。你校暑假期间将为交换生组织“KnowingBeijing”游览活动，请你写信邀请Jim来参加。内容包括：1时间安排；2活动内容；3邀请参加。注意：1．词数不少于50；2．开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。De

arJim,________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________Yours,LiHua【答案】DearJim，Howisitgoing？I'mwritingtoinviteyoutoouractivity-"KnowingBeijing"．Wearegoingtoorganizetheactivitya

tschoolnextFridayafternoon．We'llexperienceChinesetraditions，suchasmakingdumplings，learningadragondance，drinkingChineseteaandsoon．Ihopewe

'llenjoyourselves．IbelieveyoucanlearnmoreaboutChinaandloveChinesetraditionalculturebyhavingthiskindofactivity．I'mlookingforwardtoyourearlyreply．

Yours，XiaoHua【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。【详解】根据提示可知,本篇为一封信;假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，你的美国朋友Jim对北京的历史文化感兴趣。你校暑假期间将为交换生组织“KnowingBeijing”游览活动，请你写信邀请Jim来参加。内容包括：1时间安排；2活动内容

；3邀请参加。根据提示及关键词(组)进行遣词造句,注意主谓一致和时态问题。【点睛】本文内容完整,语言规范,语篇连贯,词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式,如Inthemorning,wewillgotoTheForbidden

CitywhichusedtobetheimperialpalacefortheMingandQing24emperorstolive.定语从句的运用，IbelieveyoucanlearnmoreaboutChinaandloveChinesetraditionalculturebyhaving

thiskindofactivity．中使用了宾语从句。全文中没有中国式英语的句式,显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外,文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然,为文章增色添彩。第二节（20分）52.假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，用英语写一篇短文向校刊“英

语园地”投稿，记述你班上周组织主题为“平安校园”法制教育系列活动的全过程。注意：词数不少于60。提示词：平安校园：SafeCampus法律意识：legalawareness_____________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________【答案】Lastweek,ourschoolorganizedanactivitywiththetheme“safecampus”whichwillmak

eusawarethatsafetyshouldalwayscomefirstwhateverwedo.Attheclassmeeting,ourteacherstressedtheimportanceofsafetyatscho

ol.Afterthat,,ourPEteachergaveusalecture.Accidentscanhappeneasilyatschool.Wesearchedtheinternetforrelatedinformation.Besides,toreaisemorest

udents’leagalawareness,wemadeaposter.Thenextday,wewenttothecampustofindourdemonstration.Backhome,IsharedwhatIhadlearnedwithmyparents

.Throughtheexperiene,Ideeplyrealizetheimportanceofsafetyatschool.【解析】【分析】本文属于图画作文，根据图画内容写一篇短文投稿。【详解】假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。请根据以下四幅图的先

后顺序，用英语写一篇短文向校刊“英语园地”投稿，记述你班上周组织主题为“平安校园”法制教育系列活动的全过程。分析四幅图可知，图画作文内容要点比较清晰，其中包括：老师宣布活动内容和意义，我参加平安校园活动的过程，介绍活动感受

。这样有利于学生写作时发挥与扩展。全文分成三部分，开头段概括活动，中间段描述图画，结尾段总结收获和意义。文章用第一人称来写，使用一般过去时。【点睛】本文内容完整，语言表述通顺。使用了连接词，衔接词，使文章自然，流畅。文章使用了定语从句

ourschoolorganizedanactivitywiththetheme“safecampus”whichwillmakeusawarethatsafetyshouldalwayscomefirstwhateverwedo.还使用了Besides等过渡词，使文章上下文衔接流畅。