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题型组合练(九)Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2019·广州高中毕业班综合测试一)WhenLinawasawokenbythesoundofthunder,shewasaloneontheisland.Theairwascoolandbullfrogscr
oaked.Itwasthatbriefmomentwhenthesummersunhadsetbutthestarshadn’tyetappeared.Linarubbedhereyesandlookedaround.“Hello?”sh
ecalled.“Celia?Marie?”Therewasnoresponse.Themoonwasrisingnow,sheddinglightontheisland.Theyhadalwayscalledit“Forgotte
nIsland”becausenoonebuttheyseemedtorememberitsexistence.Itwasn’tonanyofthemapstheycouldfind,andeventhefo
restrangersdidn’tknowaboutit.Linalovedthattheisland,hiddeninaheavilywoodedsidestreamoftheriver,wasasecretbetweenthethree
friends—her,Celia,andMarie.ButnowLinawasherealone,anditwasnight.Worsestill,itwasherownfault.“Comeon,Lina,letMar
ierowtheboat.”Celiahadsaid.MariewastwoyearsolderthanLina,butshewasahopelessrower.That’swhyLinarefusedandrowedtheboattotheisland.Th
eargumentthatfollowedtherefusaltooktheusualform.CeliatookMarie’sside,asshealwaysdid.Linahadexplodedandyelledatthemtojustleave.Sotheygo
tbackintheboatandleft.Aboltoflightningcrossedthedarkenedsky,accompaniedbyadeafeningthunderclap.Thestormwashere.Asthefirstco
ldraindropsliddownherneck,Lina’smindreturnedtohercurrentproblem.Shewasstuckherebyherself.Shejusthopedshedidn’tbecomeasforgottenasthei
sland.Thethoughtofitsentachill(寒意)downherback.Suddenly,Linaspottedsomethinginthewater.Itwasaboat,andinsideitwereMarie,Celia,
andMarie’sdad,whowassteeringthroughthefastflowingwaters.Astheboatapproached,theysawLinawavingandtheworriedexpres
sionsontheirfacesturnedtorelief.InherexcitementLinajumpedintotheriver.Onlyonceshewasintheicywaterdidsherememberhowfastthewaterwasmoving.Lu
ckilyastrongarmreachedintothewaterandpulledherout.ShesmiledweaklyatMarie’sdadand,withoutaword,hugged
CeliaandMarie.Theydidn’tseemtomindbecomingwet.语篇解读这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了三个女孩儿一同去一座无人的小岛上,因为让谁划船产生了分歧,其中一个女孩丽娜生气离开了队友独自留在了岛上,最后被朋友的父亲营救出来的故事。1.Wh
atcanbeinferredabouttheisland?A.Itisveryneartheocean.B.Itisapopularplaceforboating.C.Itissurroundedbythickforest.D.Ithasneverbeenreachedbyothers.答案
C解析推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句“Linalovedthattheisland,hiddeninaheavilywoodedsidestreamoftheriver,wasasecretbetweenthethreefriends—her,Celia,andMarie.”可知小岛隐藏在一条树
木繁茂的河边,故可推知小岛是被浓密的森林包围着。故选C。2.WhydidLinagetangry?A.Mariedidnothelprowtheboat.B.Linawasleftaloneontheisland.C.Mariedidn
’tknowhowtorowtheboat.D.CeliasupportedMarieinthedisagreement.答案D解析细节理解题。根据第六段倒数第三句“CeliatookMarie’sside,asshealwaysd
id.”可知西莉亚一如既往地站在玛丽一边,这使得丽娜很生气,故选D。3.WhatcausedLinatofeelachill?A.Hershameabouttheunnecessaryargument.B.Thefirs
traindropoftheapproachingstorm.C.Theideathatnoonewouldcometosaveher.D.Thedropintemperatureasthesunwentdown.答案C解析细节理解题。根据倒数第三段最后两句
可知丽娜一想到自己可能会像这个岛一样被遗忘,没有人来救她,不禁感受到一阵寒意,故选C。B(2019·武汉高三4月调研)Whileelephantsbornwithouttusks(长牙)arenotun
heardof,theynormallyformjust2to6percentofthepopulation.However,thatisnotthecaseatMozambique’sGorongosaNationalPark,whereanasto
nishing33percentoffemaleelephantsbornafterthecountry’scivilwarendedin1992aretuskless.Whilethatmayappearto
bejustacoincidence,JoycePoole,anelephantbehaviorexpert,hasanothertheory.Theresearcherthinkswemaybewitnessingunnaturalevolutionofthespeciesdue
totheconstanthuntingofelephantsforvaluableivory.Poolesaysbeforethecountry’s15yearlongcivilwar,the100,000acr
eparkwashometoover4,000elephants.However,bythetimetheconflictendedin1992,about90percentofthemhadbeenk
illedforivorytohelpfinanceweapons(武器)andmeattofeedthesoldiers.Ofthelessthan200survivors,over50percentofadultfem
aleshadnotusks.Therefore,itisnotsurprisingthatthepark’stusklesselephantpopulationhasgrowngreatly.Thisisnotthef
irsttimeresearchershaveobservedagreatchangeinthepopulationofelephants.AtZambia’sSouthLuangwaNationalParkandLupandeGameManagementArea,areaswhich
wereheavilyhuntedinthe1970sand1980s,35%ofelephants25yearsorolderand13%ofthoseyoungerthan25arenowwithouttusks.A2008study
publishedintheAfricanJournalofEcologyfoundthatthenumberoftusklessfemalesattheRuahaNationalParkinTanzaniawentfrom10.5percentin1969to
almost40percentin1989,largelyduetoillegalhuntingforivory.TherecentbanonivoryinboththeUSandChinashouldhelpgetridof,oratleas
treduce,elephanthunting.However,scientistsarenotsurehowlongitwilltakeforelephantswithahigherrateoftusklessfemales,tocha
ngethetrend.语篇解读这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了由于不断猎杀大象以获取有价值的象牙,我们可能正在目睹该物种的非自然进化——越来越多的母象没有象牙。4.Whatistheprobablecaus
eofthephenomenonmentionedinParagraph1?A.Illegalhunting.B.Constantfarming.C.Apurecoincidence.D.Natura
levolution.答案A解析细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知,越来越多无牙母象出现的原因是非法狩猎,故选A。5.WhydidpeoplekillsomanyelephantsduringthecivilwarinMozambique?A.Toget
fundsbysellingivory.B.Todevelopnewweapons.C.Toprovidefoodforlocalpeople.D.Tomakeivoryproducts.答案A解析细节理解题。根据第二段第二句可知,在莫桑比克内战期间,人们杀死那么多
大象是为了通过出售象牙来获得资金,故选A。6.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“thetrend”inthelastparagraphreferto?A.Elephantsfacinggreaterdanger.B.Elephants
growingmoreslowly.C.Fewerfemaleelephantsstayingalive.D.Morefemaleelephantsbeingtuskless.答案D解析词义猜测题。由画
线词所在的句子“However,scientistsarenotsurehowlongitwilltakeforelephantswithahigherrateoftusklessfemales,tochangethetrend
.”可知,thetrend指的是更多的母象没有象牙,故选D。CWhenitcomestofocusingatwork,thereisnolackofthingstotakeresponsibilityf
orourwanderingminds.RefreshingTwitter,scanningthenews,talkingwithcolleaguesaboutsmallbeer.Butthere’sonepossiblecauseoffrequentdistraction(分心
).Ourworkisn’tcomplexenough,andthereisn’tenoughofit.Thisideaisn’tpopular,especiallywiththosewhofeelthey’realreadyworkingbus
ily.Actuallycomplextasksdemandmoreofourworkingmemoryandattention,withlittlementaldistraction.Wegetboredwhenourskillsgobeyo
ndthedemandsofourwork.Andwefeelanxiouswhenthedemandsofataskgobeyondourskills.Understandingyourskilllevel,andmatching
thiswithaworthytaskwillmakeyoumorelikelytobefullydevotedtoyourwork.Besidesquestioningthecomplexityoftasks,it’sworthreflectingonwhetheryouhaveeno
ughworktodoingeneral.Ifnot,you’reinvitingdistraction.Thinkbacktoyourlastdeadline.Thattimelineoffersyouno
distractionslikeusingsocialmedia.Ourworkloadtendstoexpandtofitthetimeavailableforthecompletionofwork.Smalltaskst
hatshouldtaketwohourswilltakeanentireworkdayifwehavethattimeavailable.Distractionsaretoblameforthistimetrap.Afewyears
ago,afterIfinishedareportonatightdeadline,Icontinuedtobejustasbusy.IenteredmysocialmediaaccountswhenIshouldhavebeenworking.Icheckednewe
mailsconstantly.IfeltguiltywhenIwasn’tbusy,andIalleviatedthisguiltbyfillingmytimewithbusywork.LaterIrealizedbusyworkcouldn’treallybringtherelief,for
theguiltcamefromthefactthatIwasworkingwithoutintention.Whenwehavemoretodo,choosingwhatwedoaheadoftimebecomesnecessary.
Therefore,ifyouhavedistraction,considerthatyoumightneedtoworkharderonprojectsthatwillfillyourdaysandenrichyourlife.
语篇解读这是一篇议论文。作者说我们在工作的时候常会分心,这不是因为社交媒体等因素的影响,而是我们手头的工作太简单或者工作量不足,但是我们的工作太难时,我们又会觉得焦虑。关于如何应对分心问题,作者给出了自己的
见解。7.Whatdopeopleusuallyblameforbeingdistracted?A.Theabsenceofworkcomplexity.B.Theircolleagues’lackofteamwork.C.So
cialmediaorchatswithcolleagues.D.Thetirednessafterhoursofhardwork.答案C解析细节理解题。第一段引出作者的观点,说人们工作时会分心,这是因为工作不够复杂,或者工作
量不够,但是我们却总是把责任归咎于更新推特、浏览新闻和与同事闲聊等,总结信息可得出,人们通常会将他们的分心归咎于C项“社交媒体或是和同事的闲聊”。8.Whenwillwefeelanxiousatwork?A.Whenwedon’thaveenou
ghtaskstodo.B.Whenourabilitycan’tmeetjobrequirements.C.Whenwearebusywithworkforalongwhile.D.Whenwespen
dtoomuchtimeonsocialmedia.答案B解析细节理解题。根据第二段第四句“Andwefeelanxiouswhenthedemandsofataskgobeyondourskills.”可知,当我们的工作要求超过了我们的能力时,我们就
会感到焦虑,因此选B。9.Whichofthefollowingcanbestexplaintheunderlinedword“alleviated”inParagraph4?A.Forgot.B.Researched.C.Dee
pened.D.Eased.答案D解析词义猜测题。根据画线词后面的“byfillingmytimewithbusywork”和第五段第一句“LaterIrealizedbusyworkcouldn’treallybringtherelief...”可知,该词与bringtherelief相对应,
意为“减轻,缓解”,因此选D。10.What’stheauthor’ssuggestionondealingwithdistraction?A.Workhardwiththeintentiontofillourlife.B.Balancebetweenourworka
ndsocialactivities.C.Expandourworkloadtofitthetimeavailable.D.Removethesenseofguiltaboutmind’swanderingaway.答案A解析推理判断题。根据最后一段中“guiltc
ame...workingwithoutintention”“considerthatyoumightneedtoworkharderonprojectsthatwillfillyourdaysandenrichyourlife”可知,作者认为内疚来自工作无计划,如
果我们工作时分心,就要考虑在一些能丰富我们生活的事上多做努力。由此推知,作者建议有计划地在能丰富我们生活的事情上努力,因此选A。Ⅱ.七选五(2019·湖北七市3月模拟)Therewasasurveyoft
hepeoplewhowerebornfrom1980to2000,askingthemwhattheirmostimportantlifegoalswere.Over80percentsaiditwastogetrich.11
We’reconstantlytoldtodevotemoretoourwork,topushharderandtoachievemore.We’regiventheimpressionthatthesearethet
hingsthatweneedtogoaftertohaveagoodlife.Butisthatthetruth?12Butwhatifwecouldstudypeoplefromthetimewhentheywereteenagersallthewayintooldagetoseew
hatreallykeepspeoplehappyandhealthy?TheHarvardStudyofAdultDevelopmentdidit.For75years,they’vetrackedth
elivesof724men.Studieslikethisareextremelyrare.Almostallprojectsofthiskindfallapartwithinadecadebecausetoomanyp
eopledropoutofthestudy.13Ortheresearcherscan’tgettogether.Butthroughacombinationofluckandthepersistenceofse
veralgenerationsofresearchers,thisstudyhassurvived.Sowhathavetheylearned?Theconclusionisthatit’snotwealthorfamethatcounts.1
4They’velearnedthreebiglessonsaboutrelationships.Firstly,peoplewhoaremoresociallyconnectedtofamily,tofriendsandtocommunityarehappierandphys
icallyhealthier.Thesecondisthatit’snotjustthenumberoffriendsyouhavebutthequalityofyourcloserelationshipsthatmatters.Andthethirdisthatgoodrelationshi
psdon’tjustprotectourbodies.15A.Theycanevenprotectourbrains.B.Tobecomefamouscamesecond.C.Orfundingfortheresearc
hdriesup.D.Thegoodlifeisbuiltwithrelationships.E.Itturnsoutthatbeinginconflictisbadforourhealth.F.Itisgoodrelationshipsthatkeepushappierandh
ealthier.G.Tobefrank,sometimeswealthandfamecanmakepeoplehappy.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项研究:什么能真正让人们快乐和健康呢?坦率地说,有时财富和名望能让人快乐,但是良好
的人际关系让我们更快乐、更健康。11.答案B解析根据前文“Therewasasurveyofthepeoplewhowerebornfrom1980to2000,askingthemwhattheirmostimportantlifegoal
swere.Over80percentsaiditwastogetrich.”可知有一项针对1980年到2000年出生的人的调查,询问他们最重要的生活目标是什么,超过80%的人说是发家致富。结合选项可知B项“Tobecomefamouscamesecond.”符合
文意。12.答案G解析前文说“一直以来我们的印象是,为了过上美好的生活,我们需要追求名和利。但这是事实吗?”,结合选项只有G项“Tobefrank,sometimeswealthandfamecanmakepeoplehappy.”说到了名和利,故选G。13.答案C解析根据前文“Almos
tallprojectsofthiskindfallapartwithinadecadebecausetoomanypeopledropoutofthestudy.”可知几乎所有类似的项目在十年内都会分崩离析,因为有太多人退出了这项研究。紧接着下面就提到了导致失败的
原因。故C项“或是研究经费枯竭”符合文意。14.答案F解析根据下文“They’velearnedthreebiglessonsaboutrelationships.”可知F项“Itisgoodrelationshipsthatkeepushappierandhea
lthier.(良好的人际关系让我们更快乐、更健康)”符合文意。15.答案A解析根据前文“Andthethirdisthatgoodrelationshipsdon’tjustprotectourbodies.”可知是在
说良好的人际关系的好处,故A项“Theycanevenprotectourbrains.(它们甚至可以保护我们的大脑)”符合文意。