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阅读理解技能保分练(八)词句猜测题——代词猜测类A[2020·普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(模拟卷)]Myschoolappearedonthenewslastweekbecausewehadmadeanimportantchangeinourlocalarea.Ourcla

sshadplantedalargegardeninwhatwasonceonlyavacantlot.Itwasalotofworkbutitwasallworthit.Igotblisters(水疱)fro

mdigging,andweallgotinsectbites,too.Ilearnedalotaboutgardeningandcollaboration(合作),andthenIlearnedaboutthemedia.Ourteachertelephone

dtheTVstationandinformedthemofwhatwehadaccomplished.Shespokewiththeproducer.Theproducercheckedwiththedirectors,buttheysaidth

erewereplentyofstoriessimilartoours.Theywantedtoknowwhatwasspecialaboutourparticulargarden,sincemanyschoolsplantgardens.Thet

eacherexplainedthat,aftergoingontheInternettolearnabouttheprairie(大草原),wehadmadeaprairiegarden.Wehadbeent

oaprairieandgottenseedsfromtheplants,andthenweplantedthem.Wedidnotwaterthegarden,butwedidweedit.Wedecidedtoletn

aturewateritwithrain,sincethatwashowprairiesgrewinthepast.Wesentapictureofthegardentothenewsstation.Inthepicture,thegrasswassohighthatitstoodta

llerthanthefourthgradestudents.Asaresult,theproducersentareportertoourschool.Thereporterinterviewedthehea

dmasterandaskedhimmanyquestionsaboutthegarden.Afterthat,heinterviewedus,andweexplainedtohimwhatwehadlearnedthroughthisproject.Thatnight

,wewatchedthenews,andtherewewere.Thenewsreportertoldourstory.Itwasonlytwominuteslong,butitwasus.Wewerefam

ous.Allthatwork,allthoseblisters,itwasworthit.Weknewthatwhenwesawthegardeneveryday,butnowweknewthatthewholecitythoughtso,too.1．Whatse

emedtobetheTVdirectors'initialreactiontothegarden?A．Theywereexcited.B．Theyweresurprised.C．Theywereworried.D．T

heywereuninterested.2．Whatisspecialaboutthegarden?A．Weedswereallowedtospreadnaturally.B．Thegrassgrewfasterthancommongrass.C．Theseed

scamefromtheplantsofaprairie.D．Undergroundwaterwasusedfortheplants.3．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”refertointhelastparagraph?A．Wegotblist

ersonourhands.B．Ourhardworkwasworthwhile.C．Thegardenwouldbefamous.D．Theprojectwouldbefinished.4．Howdidtheauthorfeelabouttheproje

ct?A．Annoyed.B．Curious.C．Proud.D．Regretful.B[2020·福州高三质量检测]Theystillbite,butnewresearchshowslab-grownmosquitoe

sarefightingdenguefever—adangerousdiseasethattheynormallywouldspread.Dengueinfectionsappeartobedroppingfastincommun

itiesinIndonesia,Vietnam,BrazilandAustraliathatarefilledwiththespeciallygrownmosquitoes.Researchersfir

stinjected(注射)mosquitoeggswithWolbachiabacteriathat'scommonininsectsandharmlesstopeopleinalab.Infectedfemalesthenpassthebacteriao

nthroughtheireggs.ReleasingenoughWolbachiacarriers,boththefemalesthatbiteandthemalesthatdon't,allowsmating(交配)t

ospreadthebacteriathroughalocalmosquitopopulation.Ratherthanusingchemicalstowipeoutpests,“thisisreallyabouttransformingthemosquito，”saidCa

meronSimmonsofthenon-profitWorldMosquitoProgram,whichisconductingtheresearch.ThefirstsuccesscamefromAustralia.Startingin2011,mosquitoe

scarryingWolbachiawerereleasedinpartsofNorthQueensland,andgraduallyspreadthroughthelocalmosquitopopulation.Dengueisspreadwhenamosquit

obitessomeonewhoisinfected,andthenbitesanotherperson,butsomehowWolbachiablocksthat—andlocalspreadhasne

arlydisappearedinthoseNorthQueenslandcommunities,Simmonssaid.Thestudiesarecontinuinginothercountries.Butthefindings,present

edatameetingoftheAmericanSocietyofTropicalMedicineandHygiene,suggestit'spossibletoturnatleastsomemosquitoesfromapublichealththreatintoannoying

biters.Theworkmarks“excitingprogress”，saidMichiganStateUniversityprofessorZhiyongXi,whowasn'tinvolvedintheproje

ctbuthaslongstudiedhowWolbachiacanturnmosquitoesagainstthemselves.Moreresearchisneeded,specialistscautioned.“Theresultsareprettyexciti

ng—stronglevelsofreductions—butthereclearlyaregoingtobethingstobelearnedfromtheareaswherethereductionsarenotasgreat，”saidPennStateUniversity

professorElizabethMcGraw.5．Whatcanwelearnaboutthelab-grownmosquitoes?A．Theylosetheabilitytobitepeople.B．Theybecomeharmfultohuma

nbeings.C．TheycarrydangerousWolbachiabacteria.D．TheyspreadWolbachiabacteriabymating.6．Whatdoestheunderline

dword“that”refertoinParagraph4?A．Thebitefromamosquito.B．Thelocalcommunity.C．Thespreadofdengue.D．Theinfectedperson.7

．Whatdoesthelastparagraphsuggest?A．Thisresearchprovesacompletesuccess.B．Scientistsagreeonthisresearch.C．The

reisstillroomforimprovement.D．Mosquitoesturnthemselvesagainstharmfulones.8．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．Bacteria-infectedMosquitoe

sBiteDeadlyDengueB．TransformMosquitoesintoAnnoyingBitersC．FightAgainstMosquitoeswithWolbachiaD．HarmlessMosquitoesAreonTheirWayC[20

19～2020·西安五校高三联考]Wouldyouhelpatrappedrobot?Someratswould.Theycanformsocialbondswithrobotsandwillevenrescuearobotrattha

tistrappedinacage.Ratsneedtobehighlyattuned(熟悉)tosocialsignalsfromotherssotheycanidentifyfriendstocooperatewithanden

emiestoavoid.Tofindoutifthisextendstolifelessthings,LalehQuinnattheUniversityofCalifornia,SanDiego,andh

ercolleaguestestedwhetherratscandetectsocialsignalsfromrobotrats.Theyhousedeightadultratswitharobotratforfourdays.Therobotratresembleda

largeversionofacomputermousewithwheelstomovearoundandcolorfulmarkings.Duringtheexperiment,thesocialrobotratf

ollowedthelivingratsaround,playedwiththesametoys,andopenedcagedoorstolettrappedratsescape.Next,theresearcherstrapped

thesocialrobotinacageandgavetheratsthechancetosetitfreebypressingalever(杠杆).Across18trialseach,theliving

ratswerelikelytosetthesocialrobotfree.“Thissuggeststheratsviewedthesocialrobotasarealsocialbeing，”saysQuinn.“Therat

smayhavebondedwiththesocialrobotbecauseitshowedbehaviorlikecommunal(共有的)exploringandplaying.Thiscouldleadtotheratsbetterrememberinghavin

gfreeditearlier,andwantingtherobottoreturnthefavorwhentheygettrapped，”saysshe.Therobotwasthesamesizeasaregularrat.“We'dassum

edwe'dhavetogiveitamovingheadandtail,facialfeatures,andputasmellonittomakeitsmelllikearealrat,butthatwasn'tnecessary，”saysJanetWilesattheUniversityof

QueenslandinAustralia,whohelpedwiththeresearch.“Thefindingshowshowsensitiveratsaretosocialsignals,evenwhenthey

comefromrobots.”9．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“this”inParagraph2referto?A．Thesensitivityofratstosocialsig

nals.B．Therats'approachtoidentifyingfriends.C．Theabilityofratstoavoidenemies.D．Thewillingnessofratstotalkwithrobots.10．Whatistherobotratinth

eexperimentlike?A．Itssmellisthesameasarealrat's.B．Itlookslikeabigcomputermouse.C．Itsheadandtailcanmov

enaturally.D．Itcanbehaveandthinklikehumans.11．WhydidthelivingratssetthesocialrobotfreeaccordingtoLalehQ

uinn?A．Tomakefriendswithitinthefuture.B．Toreturnthefavortheygotfromit.C．Toviewitasareallivingrat.D．Togetaccesstoitshelpsomeday.12．Whatcanbeasuita

bletitleforthetext?A．RobotsHaveSocialSkillslikeAnimalsB．RatsAreFondofRobotslikeHumansC．RatsCanBondwithSocialRobot

sD．RobotsAreAbletoSendSocialSignals阅读理解技能保分练(八)A语篇类型：记叙文主题语境：人与社会——学校——草原式花园[文章大意]介绍了我们班培植的“草原式花园”上电视的故事。1．答案与解析：D考查推理判断。根

据第二段中的“Theproducercheckedwiththedirectors,buttheysaidtherewereplentyofstoriessimilartoours...manyschoolsplantgardens.”可知，电视台的制片人

和导演们核实了情况，但他们说有许多像我们这样的故事。他们想知道我们的花园有什么特殊之处，因为许多学校都培植花园。由此可推知，电视台的导演们最初对我们的花园是不感兴趣的。2．答案与解析：C考查细节理解。根据第三段第二句中的“W

ehadbeentoaprairieandgottenseedsfromtheplants,andthenweplantedthem.”可知，我们去过大草原，在那里获取草原植物的种子，然后把它们种在花园里。由此可知，我们的花园的特殊之处在于种子来

自草原植物。故选C。3．答案与解析：B考查词义猜测。根据最后一段中的“Allthatwork,allthoseblisters,itwasworthit.”可知，画线词指代的是其中的“itwasworthit”，即我们培植花园所付出的努力是值得的。故选B。4．答案与解析：C考

查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Thenewsreportertoldourstory.Itwasonlytwominuteslong,butitwasus...thewholecitythoughtso,too.”可知，新闻记者报道了我们的故事，虽然只有两分钟

，但是它是有关我们的。我们每天看到花园都觉得我们的努力是值得的，而且现在整个城市的人也会这样认为。由此可推知，作者为他们培植花园的项目感到自豪。故选C。B语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与社会——疾病防治——携带沃尔巴克氏菌的蚊子能够对抗登革热[文章大

意]本文介绍了一项新的研究：研究人员在实验室里向蚊子的卵注射沃尔巴克氏菌，然后释放携带该细菌的蚊子，让其通过交配传播该细菌，以阻止通过蚊子传播的登革热。5．答案与解析：D考查细节理解。根据第二段尾句“Releasingenoug

hWolbachiacarriers,boththefemalesthatbiteandthemalesthatdon't,allowsmating(交配)tospreadthebacteriathr

oughalocalmosquitopopulation.”可知，实验室成长的蚊子通过交配传播沃尔巴克氏菌。故选D。6．答案与解析：C考查代词指代。根据画线词所在句中的“Dengueisspreadwhenamosquitobitessomeonew

hoisinfected,andthenbitesanotherperson,butsomehowWolbachiablocksthat”可知，that在这里指代上文所说的登革热的传播。故选C。7．答案与解析：C考查推理判断。根据第七段第一句“Moreresearchisneeded,specia

listscautioned.”以及第二句中的“butthereclearlyaregoingtobethingstobelearnedfromtheareaswherethereductionsarenotasgreat”可知，专家提醒，还需要做更多的研究；宾夕法尼亚州立大学的教授Eliza

beth说对登革热发病率降低效果不明显的地区应做研究学习。由此可知，答案选C。8．答案与解析：A考查主旨大意。根据第一段第一句并结合其他内容可知，本文主要介绍了一项新的研究：研究人员在实验室给蚊子的卵注射沃尔巴克氏菌，然后释放携带沃尔巴克氏

菌的蚊子，让其交配来传播该细菌以阻止通过蚊子传播的登革热。故A项最适合作本文标题。C语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与社会——科学实验——老鼠解救受困机器鼠[文章大意]该文介绍了来自加州大学圣地亚哥分校的LalehQuinn

及其团队通过实验发现老鼠可以察觉到机器鼠发出的社交信号，并释放受困的机器鼠。9．答案与解析：A考查代词指代。根据第二段第一句“Ratsneedtobehighlyattuned(熟悉)tosocial

signalsfromotherssotheycanidentifyfriendstocooperatewithandenemiestoavoid.”及画线词所在句中的“whetherratscandetectsocialsignalsfromrobotrats”可推知，this指的是老鼠

对社交信号的敏感度。故选A。10．答案与解析：B考查细节理解。根据第三段第二句中的“Therobotratresembledalargeversionofacomputermouse”可知，实验中使用的机器鼠长得很像

加大版的鼠标。故选B。根据最后一段JanetWiles所说的话“We'dassumedwe'dhavetogiveit...thatwasn'tnecessary”可知，A、C两项只是研究人员在设计机器鼠时的想法，并没有真正实施，故排除。11．答案与解析：D考查推理判断。根据第五段中的“want

ingtherobottoreturnthefavorwhentheygettrapped”可推知，老鼠之所以愿意释放受困的机器鼠，是因为它们想在自己将来有难时对方能报答它们。故选D。12．答案与解析：C考查主旨大意。根据第一段第三句“Th

eycanformsocialbondswithrobotsandwillevenrescuearobotratthatistrappedinacage.”和本文介绍的老鼠解救受困机器鼠的科学实验可知，本文主要讲的

是老鼠可以和社交机器人建立信任关系。故选C。获得更多资源请扫码加入享学资源网微信公众号www.xiangxue100.com