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绝密★启用前2017年1月上海普通高等招生统一考试英语试卷（满分150分，考试时间120分钟）考生注意：答题前,务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名,并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上,在答题纸反而清楚地填写姓名。1.ListeningComprehensio

nDirections：InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeaks.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedabout

whatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandaquestionaboutit,readthefourposs

ibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1.A.Pie.B.Icecream.C.

Chocolatecake.D.Cheesecake.2.A.Themuseumopensat8everyday.B.Shecan’tseethesignclearly.C.Theglassmuseumclosestooearly.D.Shecan’tunders

tandthesign.3.A.Delighted.B.Doubtful.C.Relieved.D.Respectful.4.A.Sheworksasalibrarian.B.Shedoesalotofreadingathome.C.Shespendsm

uchtimereadinginthelibrary.D.Shewantstoborrowsomebooksfromthelibrary.5.A.Heisn’tsureiftheweatherwillbego

od.B.Heprobablywon’tgoskiing.C.Theweatherwon’tbeasbadasforecastD.Theweatherforecastisn’treliable.6.A.Hisbrot

herateupthefood.B.Hisbrotherhelpedhimcleanthefridge.C.Hisbrotherlosthisappetite.D.Hisbrotherwentouttodinewithhim.7.A.Keepsomesmal

lchange.B.BuyanotherT-shirt.C.Invitesomeoneelsetotheconcert.D.Dresshimselfproperly.8.A.Seeadoctor.B.Repairhiscar.C.Gotoschool.D.Givethewom

anaride.9.A.Shehasnointerestintheman’swords.B.Shedoesn’tunderstandtheman.C.Shedoesn’twanttofollowtheman.D.Shehatest

ostudypicturesbykids.10.A.Shemissedthebeginningoftheprogram.B.Shewasawakenedduringthequiz.C.Shefellasleep

beforetheprogramended.D.Shewishesshehadgonetosleepearlier.SectionBDirections:InSectionB,youwillheartwopassengersandonelongerconversatio

n.Aftereachpassageorconversation,youwillbeaskedseveralquestions.Thepassengersandtheconversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespoke

nonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Questions

11through13arebasedonthefollowingannouncement.11.A.dangerousroom.B.Anexplosivedevice.C.Asuspecthandbag.D.Afireextinguisher.12.A.Ha

ndinvaluableitemstothepolice.B.Helpelderlyanddisabledpeople.C.Letchildrenandwomengofirst.D.Leavebythenearestexit.13.A.Atatheatre.B.Atapolic

estation.C.Atanairport.D.Atadepartmentstore.Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingtalk.14.A.Anad-

blockingdevice.B.Aparentedscreen.C.Atelephoneansweringmachine.D.Asoundcontroller.15.A.Shespenttwentyy

earsonthenewinvention.B.Shedesignedthenewinventionforthedeaf.C.Sheinvestedfourthousandpoundsinthenewinvention.D.Sheworkedwithherhusband

onthenewinvention.16.A.Itissimilartoherpreviousinvention.B.ItcanbeusedjusttocontroltheTVset.C.Itmustbekeptataparticularangle.D.Itistoobig

tohold.Questions17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.17.A.Howtoorganizethoughtsforaspeech.B.Howtogetanexpectedgrade.C.Howto

giveaspeakingassignment.D.Howtoprepareaspeech.18.A.Bearinglistenersinmind.B.Developingideassoundly.C.Addingasenseofhumour.D.Beinginformative.19.A

.Thepurposeofthespeech.B.Thespeaker’sinfluence.C.Theinstructor’sadvice.D.Thestructureofthespeech.20.A

.Listinterestingexamples.B.Readamodelspeech.C.Putdownalltherelatedideas.D.Starttowritethewholespeech.II.GrammarandVocabulary

SectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillin

eachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.“Zootopia”BrokeDisn

eyRecordsLastweekend,thelatestDisneymovie,“Zootopia,”brokerecords.ThemoviehadthelargestopeningweekendforaD

isneyanimation（动画片）.PeopleacrosstheUnitedStatesboughtmorethan$75millionworthoftickets.“Zootopia”isacityofanim

als.Themoviestarsarabbitpoliceofficerandafoxcriminal(21)teamuptofindamissingotter（水獭）.Heisamongseveralanim

alsthathavesuddenlydisappearedfromthecity.“Zootopia”(22)(praise)foritssharphumorandstrongmessagesinceitsrelease.Thefilmexploresracismand

otherissuesinitsdescriptionofrelations(23)twokindsofanimalsinthecity.JaredBushandPhilJohnstonwrote“Zootopia.”Theytoldreportersthatitst

artedoutasaspymovie(24)(set)inseveraldifferentcontexts.Buttheychangedthestory(25)theyfoundtheanimalworldespeciallyinteresting.Theysa

idto(26)somethinglikethis.“What’sthisworldlike?What’sthehistoryofthisworld?”Andthen,Bushsaid,theywenttotheexperts.Notonl

y(27)thewritersspeakwithpeoplewhostudycoutureandgroupbehavior,butalsotheytalkedwithanimalexpertslikezookeepers.Thecreatorshavenotedthatth

evarietyofanimalswasnoteasy(28)(produce)indrawings.Inthemovie,64speciesliveinmultipleneighborhoods(29)(represent)differen

tanimals’livingenvironments.Disneysays“Zootopia”isits(30)(complex)animationyet.Theextraeffortiscertainlypayingoffattheboxoffice.SectionBDirections:A

fterreadingthepassagebelow,fillineachblankwithaproperwordgiveninthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonemorewordthanyouneed.

A.acknowledgementB.actuallyC.commonlyD.confirmE.consciousF.crackG.eliminateH.independentI.logJ.shortcutK.unimaginativeWhyyourP

asswordMayNotBeAsSafeAsItSeemsDoes“qaz2ws”strikeyouasanicesafepassword?Whatabout“adgjmptw”?Ananalysishasfoundthemtobeamongthepasswor

dsthataremost31used,whichofcoursemeanstheyarenotsecureatall.Whentenmillionpasswordswereleakedontotheinternet,theyappearedto32thata

ttemptsbyinternetsecurityexpertstomakeusimproveourpasswordstrengthhadbeensuccessful,evenif,inthespecificcaseofth

eleakedpasswords,theyarealsocompletelypointless.Whilemanyofthepasswordswerestillsinglewords,suchas“password”,therewasalsoaclearat

temptbymanytomakethemharderto33.Theproblemwasthatpeopleseemedtodosointhesameway.“Usersarebecomingslight

lymore34ofwhatmakesapasswordstrong,”explainedWPEngine,aninternetcompanythatperformedtheanalysis.“Forinstance,addinganumberortwoattheendofate

xtphrase.Thatmakesitbetter,right?”But35no.Theyfoundthatalmosthalfamillionpasswordsdidthis---andin20percentofthoseallpeopledidwasputthenu

mber“1”attheend.Perhapsthisiswhysomecompaniesarenowtryingtomovegraduallybeyondpasswords.Yahoo!isgivinguserstheoptiontoassociatetheirmobilephonewitha

naccount,hadhaveasingleusepasswordstextedtoiteachtimetheywantto36on.Althoughtheservicesisvoluntary,DylanCaseyanexecutiveatYahoo

!,saidthatitwas“thefirststepto37passwords”.Hesaiditwasa(n)38thatitwasincreasinglyhardforpeopletorememberallthep

asswordstheyhad.“Idon’tthinkwe,asanindustry,havedoneagoodenoughjobofputtingourselvesintheshoesofthepeopleusingour

products,”hesaid.Itwouldcertainlybeamoresensiblestrategythansamepeople’simprovingupon“password”byusing“w

asspord”or,tran5p053dnumb3r5f0r13tt3r5.“Weare,forthemostpart,predictably39whenitcomestochoosingpasswords,despiteadecad

eofwarningsfrompasswordstrengthcheckersduringsign-ups,”saidWPEngine.“Welovetakinga(n)40,andsodopasswordcrackers.III.Re

adingComprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphras

ethatbestfitsthecontext.Everbeenjustabouttocallsomeonewhenthephoneringsandthepersoninquestionisontheother

end?Orhaveyouexperiencedasuddenfeelingofuneaseordangereventhoughyou’reina(n)41situation?Ifyoudon’tbelieveinit,you’llputitdownto42an

donoveractiveimagination.Butsomepeoplebelieveitis43thatthereisasixthsensebeyondsmell,taste,touch,hearingandsight.Now,scienti

stsarecarryingoutexperimentsnotonlytoprovethatitexists,butalsotofindouthowyoucan44ittoyouradvantage.DeanRadin,aresearcherinCalifornia,hassetuptheB

oundaryInstituteinLosAltosandiscurrentlyusingitswebsitetorecruit（招募）4,000peoplein57countriestofindoutifthereareany45inst

ancesofsixthsenseor,ashecallsit,“precognition”—theabilitytopredictoutcomes.Theresultssofarare46.Inacardtest,whereyo

uhaveto47whichofthefivecardsonacomputerscreenwillbeturnedovertorevealapicture,thetopscorershittherightcard48%ofthetime—the4

8ofthishappeningare2,669to1.49,Radin’smostfamousstudyinvolvesparticipantslookingatavarietyofimagesthataredesig

nedtostimulateaspecificresponses.Intheexperiment,participantssitaloneinaroominfrontofacomputer,withdevicesattachedtotheirbodiestomeasure

changesinskinresistanceandbloodflow,whicharemeasuresofemotionalarousal.Radinhasfoundthatoneinsixpeoplehasar

iseinarousebeforetheyseetheroadaccident-typepictures,whileremaining50beforethetree-typepictures.Buteveni

fyoudoacceptthatasixthsenseexists,thequestionis,doesitactually51?Radinsaysitdoes.“thefutureofourcivilisationdependson52thata

rebeingmadenow,whetherit’sabouthowwefarmourfood,howwegetridofourwasteorwhetherweallowchemicalstobeincludedineverydayproducts.Wedon’thaveanswerstot

heseimportantquestions,yetwhatwedecideonwill53ourlivesfordecadesorlonger.Anythingwecandotoimproveourabilitytopredictfutureeventsiswellworth

the54,”hesays.“Ifitturnsoutthatsomepeoplecangenuinelyforecastthefuturesomeofthetime,asIbelievethedatashows,then55thisab

ilityisasimportantascutting-edgescience.41.A.unfamiliarB.toughC.harmlessD.ridiculous42.A.coincidenceB.resistanceC.innovationD.distraction

43.A.mysteryB.evidenceC.falsehoodD.innocence44.A.alterB.defineC.findD.use45.A.historicalB.strangeC.mist

akenD.true46.A.extraordinaryB.inevitableC.alarmingD.disappointing47.A.askB.guessC.recallD.learn48.A.f

iguresB.methodsC.scoresD.chance49.A.HoweverB.OtherwiseC.MeanwhileD.Consequently50.A.activeB.calmC.silentD.alert51

.A.serveanypurposeB.takeanyadvantageC.makeanyprogressD.winanysupport52.A.inquiriesB.decisionsC.donationsD.comparisons53.A.ruinB.improveC.affect

D.wait54.A.expenseB.riskC.effortD.wait55.A.provingB.challengingC.limitingD.understandingSectionBDirection

s:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.Foreachofthemtherearefourchoicesmark

edA,B,Candd.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhaveread.(A)Whathappensinaparticu

larclassonaparticulardaydependsontheinteractionsthatoccurbetweentheteacher,thestudents,andthematerialbeingst

udied.Theclassroomcontext,generallyspeaking,includesallthosefactorsthatinfluencewhathappensduringteachingandlearning.Thesefactorsoperateondifferent

levels.Thephysicalcontext,forexample,influenceswhathappensintheclassroom.Spacemayrestrictparticipation,dependingonhowateacherinterpretsthes

ituation.Someteachersusetheirsurroundingstopromotelearning.Noticeboardsreflectthemesortopicsbeingstudied;adisplayareapresentsstudents’writtenworkforo

therstoread.Ofcourse,someteachersremainunawareofthephysicalenvironmentthattheyandtheirstudentsinhabittogether.A

room,afterall,isjustaroom.Yetthephysicalenvironmentoftheclassroomaffectsthenatureandtypesofinteractionsthatwil

loccur.Straightrowsoftables,forexample,arefavourabletoclassroomlecturesandturn-takingroutinesinwhichstuden

tsonebyone,reciteanswerstoateacher’squestions.Aroomisn’tjustaroomforteacherswhoseektomakethephysicalenvironmentsuitableforinteractive

learning.Interactivelearninginvitesthinking,reading,writing,speaking,listening,andsharing.Suchclassroo

msarearrangedforindividualsratherthanforthe“class”asawhole;theywelcomestudentsasactiveparticipants.Variousphysicalarrangementsencourageinteract

ivelearning,buttheydependonthesizeoftheroomandthefurniturethatisavailable.Aclasscanbeorganizedforindiv

idual,group,orwhole-classactivities.Studentsareinitiallyassignedseatsatacombinationofsmallandlargetables.However,whenthestudentswor

kindividuallyoringroups,theyarefreetoabandontheassignedseating.Thechalkboardoccupiesacentralpositionintheroomtoaccommodatewhole-classstudy

.56.Accordingtothepassage,“thephysicalcontext”(paragraph2)mayinclude.A.teachers’rolesB.themesbeingstudiedC.

adisplayareaD.students’participation57.Whichofthefollowingisthemostsuitableforaclassroomlecture?A.B.C.D.58.Fromthelastparagraph,wecanlearnthat.

A.classroomsshouldbearrangedfortheclassasawholeB.thechalkboardshouldbeabandonedduringgroupworkC.seatingcanbechangedfordifferentclassroomac

tivitiesD.interactioncanbeencouragedbycombiningsmallandlargetables59.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Thephysicalclassroomenvironmentvari

eswithdifferenttypesofinteraction.B.Thephysicalenvironmentisadecidingfactorforasuccessfullesson.C.Interactivelearningdependsonindividuals’

activeinvolvement.D.Groupworkhasbecomeatrendinclassroomteaching.(B)•$15.00USD-8.5x11Paper•$24.00USD-11x17Paper•$30.00U

SD-13x19Paper•$45.00USD-17x22Paper•$95.00USD-24x30Paper•$185.00USD-34x47Paper•$70.00USD-17x22ExhibitionCanvas（帆布）•$140.00USD-24x30Exhibitio

nCanvas•$275.00USD-36x50ExhibitionCanvas•$350.00USD-44x61ExhibitionCanvas•$80.00USD-8.5x11Framed(Black)•$85.00USD-8.5x11

Framed(Brown)•$140.00USD-11x17Framed(Black)•$150.00USD-11x17Framed(Brown)•$215.00USD-17x22Framed(Black)•$225.0

0USD-17x22Framed(Brown)AGermantravelpostershowingtheImperialAddtoCartThisproductshipsforfree(bothinU.S.A.andoverseas)Ca

stleinNuremberg.IllustratedbyJuppWiertz,c.1930s.MadeinU.S.A./SatisfactionGuaranteedChristmasShipping

Deadlines•DomesticordersplacedbyDecember20willarriveforChristmas.•OverseasordersplacedbyDecember9willarriveforChristma

s.•OvernightordersplacedbyDecember22willarriveforChristmasforanadditionalfee.Framedorders(domesticoroverseas)requiread

ditionaltimefordelivery.AboutOurPaperWeusehigh-quality,acid-freepapersorheavyweightExhibitionGalleryCanvas.PaperSizesPapersizesar

eininches.Ifanimage’sdimensions（尺寸）don’texactlymatchthepaper’sdimensionstherewillbeawidermarginonthenarrowestsid

e.Thelongedgeonprints34x47andlargerwillvarydependingonthedimensionsofthephotoandmaybelongerthanthesizelisted.Custom（定制的）FramesWe’vepartneredwithSi

mplyFramedtoofferhigh-qualitycustomframesmadeintheUSAPleaseallowanadditional3weeksfordelivery.Framescomeinblackorbr

ownwoodenfinishandincludeprotectivepaperbackfinish,wallbumpers,hanginghardware+nails,hangingandcareinstructions.Fra

mesarrivegift-wrappedinbrownpaper.Framedsalesarefinal.60.Ifyouwanttoordera17x22printoncanvaswithablackframe,howmuchareyouexpectedt

opay?A.$45.00USD.B.$70.00USD.C.$215.00USD.D.$225.00SD.61.IfyouhopeyourframedorderwillreachyourfriendinGermanyforChristmas,you’dbetterplacey

ourorderby.A.December20B.December9C.November30D.November1962.Theaboveadvertisementismainlyintendedtopromote.A.apaintingexhibitionB.superiorprintsC

.GermanyasaromanticdestinationD.high-qualitycustomframes(C)We’veallheardthedangersofhelicopterparenting.Remainingtooinvolvedinakid’slife,esp

eciallythroughoutcollege,canleadtodepression,lackofself-relianceandfeelingsofentitlement.Thiswisdomseemssound.Butsomeacademicsandeducatorsnowsaythe

yseesignsofatroublingresistance.Theconcern:thattoomuchofwarningsandhorrorstories—thecoverofJulieLythcott-Haims’bestsellerHowtoRaiseanAdultinstr

uctsmomsanddadstoavoid“theoverparentingtrap”—isdiscouragingparentsfromgettinginvolvedatall.“Yes,parentscanbeintruders,”saysMarjorieSa

vage,aresearcherintheUniversityofMinnesota.“Atthesametime,thereareincreasingexamplesofparentsrefusingtostepupwhenstudentsgenuinelyneedtheirfamily.

”AtHofstraUniversity,forexample,parentsnowaskembarrassedlyaboutmental-healthandcampus-safetyresources,asifbringingupthosetopics

wereforbidden,saysBrankaKristie,whoheadsthefamily-outreachprograms.AndSavagerecallstalkingtoamomwhokeptquietaboutherson’ssignsofdepressionun

tilrightbeforehefailedasemester.Shedidnotwantto“helicopterin.”Thatmeanscolleges,whichhavespentthepastd

ecadelearningtocopewithparentswhogettooinvolved,nowhaveadifferentproblem.Inrecentyears,hundredsofcollegeshaveeitherlaunchedo

rincreasedtheirparentoffices,whichserveasone-stopshopsformomsanddadslookingtomakecomplaints,reportproblemandgenerallystayintouch.Muchofthisbeg

an,ofcourse,becauseschoolswereforcedtocopewithagenerationofstudentsconnectedwiththeirparentslikeneverbefore.Onave

rage,theycommunicate22.1timesperweek,accordingtoresearchfromBarbaraHofer,apsychologyprofessoratMiddleburyCollege.That’smorethantwic

etherateofadecadeago,beforealmosteverystudenthadasmartphone.Withsomemomsanddadsthinkingtwiceofcontactingtheschoolinthefirstplace,someprogramsa

rebeingusedtoencourageamorebalancedapproach,oftenthroughemailandothersocialmedia.Hofstra’sKristicadvi

sesparentsto“beaguide,whilegrantingthatthestudentownsthejourney.”Thatmeansaskingquestions,listeningtoanswers,beingpatientandtrus

tingkidstoresolvetheirownproblems.Butifissuespersist,orifastudentisinseriousmentalorphysicaldanger,italsome

anshoppinginthechopper,atleastforalittlewhile.63.Inparagraph3,parentsofHofstraUniversitystudentsarementio

nedto.A.showthatparentshavegonetotheotherextremeofoverparentingB.provideeducatorswithanewunderstandingofoverparentingC.giveafurtherexam

pleofsupportiveoverparentingD.placeemphasisonthenecessityofoverparenting64.Thephrase“hoppinginthechopper”inthelastparagraphrefersto.A.havi

ngtrustinkidsB.steppingintosolvekids’problemsC.joiningafamily-outreachprogramD.turningtosocialmediaforhelp65.Whatcanbein

ferredfromthepassage?A.Mental-healthandcampus-safetyresourcesareforbiddentopicsamongparents.B.HowtoRaiseanAdultencouragesparentsto

getengagedinfamilyeducation.C.Overparentingisnolongeraproblembecauseofstudents’self-reliance.D.Therewaslessstudent-parentcommunicati

oninthepastthantoday.66.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.WhyCollegesNeedHelicopterParentsB.Howto

ImproveParent-schoolRelationsC.WhyOverparentingIsinQuestionD.HowtoCommunicateMoreasParentsSectionCDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Fillinea

chblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyoune

ed.A.Thetwotypesofcomicsarecreatedinverydifferentways.B.Butforpeoplewholovecomicbooks,theycanbeafantasticescape

fromthetoughrealitiesofmodernlife.C.Theyfindithardtounderstandwhycomicbooksappealsomanypeople.D.ComicshavelostitscharminAmerica.E

.InJapan,thecontrastcouldn’tbegreater.F.Mangaheroeslooksmaller,youngerthanall-conqueringAmericanheroeswhohavelargemuscl

esandlotsofthemedclothes.JapaneseandAmericanComicBookHeroesTosomepeople,theideaofreadingcomicbooksseemschildish.67Comicsarepublishedglobally,b

utJapaneseandAmericanversionsdominatethemarketdespitethefact—orperhapsbecause—theydifferinanumberofways.68Americancomicsareagroupeffort,beginningwith

thestory-writingteamandtheartistwhoproducesdrawingsofinitialideas.Whenthesedraftsarefinalized,theoutlines,dialogue,andcolorareadded.Al

so,creatorsofcomicsuperheroessometimesselltheirtitlestoothercreativeteams,whokeepthesuperhero“alive.”Thisisinsharpcon

trasttomanga（日本漫画）creators,whoareoftenindividualauthorsmerelyresponsibleforthestorylines,dialogue,andartwork.Whenaman

gacreatordecidestostop,sodoesthehero.Anotherdifferenceistheappearanceoftheheroes.69Also,mangaheroesrarelylookJapanese,a

ndthestoriesdonottypicallytakeplaceinaJapanesecontext.However,Americancomicheroes,despitetheirmasks,areproudlyA

mericanandareadmiredfortheirreadinesstodefendU.S.cities.Probablythebiggestdifferenceisthereadership.U

puntilthe1950s,Americancomicbookswerereadbybothchildrenandadults,withpopulartitlessuchasSupermansellingasmanyas

halfamillioncopiespermonth.ThearrivalofTV,however,ledtoadeclineinsalessothatnowtheaveragereaderofanAmericancomicbookisateenageboywithaninterest

insuperheroes.70Theremangasalesarestillbooming,reachingashighas$7billioneachyearlargelybecausereadersrangefrom

youngboysandgirlsuptomiddle-agedmenandwomen.Mangaformenandboys,liketheAmericancomics,tendtobeaction-oriented,whilemangaforwomenand

girlstendtobefocusedonrelationships.IV.SummaryWritingDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainp

oint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.ShynessIfyousufferfromshyness,y

ouarenotalone,forshynessisauniversalphenomenon.Itisnotsurprisingthatsocialscientistsareexploringitsenvironmentalcauses.Thefirstenvironmentalca

useofshynessmaybeachild’shomeandfamilylife.Today’schildrenaregrowingupinsmallerandsmallerfamilies,withfewerandfewerrelativeslivingnearby.Growingup

inhomesinwhichbothparentsworkfulltime,childrenmaynothavethesocializingexperienceoffrequentvisitsbyneighborsandf

riends.Becauseoftheirlackofsocialskills,theymaybegintofeelshywhentheystartschool.Asecondenvironmentalcauseofshynessinanindivid

ualmaybeone’sculture.InalargestudyconductedinJapan,57percentofparticipantsratedthemselvesasshy.ResearchersLynneHendersonandPhilipZimbard

osay,“OneexplanationisthatinJapan,anindividual’sperformancesuccessiscreditedexternallytoparents,grandparents,teachers,coaches,andothers

,whilefailureisentirelyblamedontheperson.”Therefore,Japaneselearnnottotakerisksinpublicandrelyinsteadongroup-shareddecisions.Technolo

gymayalsoplayarole.IntheUnitedStates,thenumberofyoungpeoplewhoreportbeingshyhasrisenfrom40percentto50percentinrecen

tyears.Duetoourhugeadvancesintechnology,watchingtelevision,playingvideogames,andsurfingtheWebhavereplacedrecreationalact

ivitiesthatinvolvesocialinteractionformanyyoungpeople.Adults,too,arebecomingmoreisolatedasaresultoftechnology.Face-t

o-faceinteractionswithbankclerks,gasstationattendants,andshopassistantsarenolongernecessarybecausepeoplecanusemachinestodotheirbanking,filltheirg

astanks,andordergoods.Inshort,theybecomeshy.Itappearsthatmostpeoplehaveexperiencedshynessatsometimeintheirlives.Therefore,ifyouareshy,youhavelotsofco

mpany.V.TranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets.72.你不必在乎他人对你的评论。

(care)73.大量阅读书籍有助于我们的成长。(expose)74.你的网站内容越实用，使用起来越方便，就越有可能成功。(themore…,themore…)75.正因为她按部就班地实现了每一个短期目标，才会在科学领域不断有所

突破。(It)VI.GuidedWritingDirections:WriteanEnglishcompositionin120-150wordsaccordingtotheinstructionsgivenbelowinChinese.假设你是明启中学的学生王磊，你的

好友李宏今年暑期将赴英国参加为期两个月的海外交流活动。如果选择主办方安排的住宿，他需要额外支付较高的费用。但他也可以通过为当地社区养老院提供每月三十小时的义工服务，获得在养老院免费住宿的机会。李宏通过邮件向你征求意见。写一封回信，内容须包括：1.你对此事的明确

态度；2.你的理由。