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Ⅰ.完形填空郑州市2018届高三上学期期中考试Doyouknowhowdisciplinecanhelpyouachieveyourgoals?Doyouknowthatdisciplineisimportantto__1__？Whatisthepowerofdiscip

line?Howtobecomedisciplined?Youmightthinkthatmanypeoplearenotself-disciplined,__2__I'mgoingtoprovetoyouthatpeo

pleingeneralaredisciplined,but__3__，innon-beneficialways.Therearemanypeoplewhosmokedaily__4__thefactthatiti

sharmfuland__5__anditcouldkillthem.Suchpeoplearedisciplinedat__6__cigarettesandsmoking.Therearepeoplewhoarediscipline

datdrinkinglotsofalcoholdaily.Suchpeoplearedisciplinedatconsumingalcohol.Doyou__7__whereIamgoingwiththis?Oneofmyfriendswhohasa__8__

forrunning,andspendshalfanhoureverysinglemorningrunning.Whetheritissnowingorraining,shehastorun.Thisisthekindof__9__disciplinethatyouaresupposedto__1

0__andcreateinyourlife.Doyouknowsomeonewhoboughtabook,butdidn'tfinish__11__itforsomereason?Doyouknowsomeonewhodeci

dedtoimprovehis__12__andstarteatingmorevegetablesandfruit,butaftertwoweeks,he__13__？Theseareallexamplesof__14__ofdiscipline.Ifyouare

notdisciplined，thenyouwillhaveahardtimetogetyour__15__.AsImentionedinmybookTheultimateguidetoachievingyourgoalsthatyoucouldknowwh

atyouwant,__16__andtakeaction,butifyouarenotself-disciplined,youwill__17__giveup.Withdiscipline,youcans

tartgettingupearlyinthemorning,exercise,and__18__yourselfofthenon-beneficialhabitssuchassmokingandeatingnon-healthyfood.Withdiscipline,you

canchangenegativehabitsintopositivehabits.Withdiscipline,youcanjointhegymandstartworkingonhavinga__19__body.Doyouseewhatthe__20__ofdiscipl

inecando?AlwaysrememberwhatJimRohnsaid,“Onedisciplinealwaysleadstoanotherdiscipline.”1.A．wealthB．successC．fortun

eD．health2.A．forB．andC．orD．but3.A．unfortunatelyB．unwillinglyC．unnecessarilyD．unexpectedly4.A．besidesB．despiteC．e

xceptD．without5.A．courageousB．disgustingC．dangerousD．forbidden6.A．sellingB．buyingC．gettingD．consuming7.A．careB．seeC．feelD．mind8.A．passionB

．giftC．respectD．reason9.A．formalB．positiveC．negativeD．religious10.A．formB．learnC．followD．believe11.A．readingB．rec

itingC．analyzingD．reviewing12.A．serviceB．dietC．skillD．performance13.A．brokedownB．turnedupC．gaveupD．setout14.A

．lackB．gestureC．signD．symbol15.A．attentionB．orderC．creditD．desire16.A．planB．listenC．askD．hope17.A．obviouslyB．practicallyC．likelyD．quickly18

.A．persuadeB．informC．deliverD．break19.A．healthierB．weakerC．heavierD．clumsier20.A．demandB．powerC．principleD．measure[语篇解读]这是一篇议论文

。文章主要论述了自律的力量及其对人们的影响，作者呼吁人们做一个自律的人，改掉不良习惯，培养健康向上的生活习惯。1．B【解析】考查名词辨析。wealth财富；success成功；fortune命运；health健康。根据前一句“你知道自律如何帮助你实现你的目

标吗？”可知，此处指自律对成功是很重要的。故选B。2．D【解析】考查连词辨析。根据上文“你也许认为很多人的自律性不高”以及下文“我要证明给你看的是人们一般是有自律性的”可知，上下文之间存在转折关系。故选D。3．A【解析】考查副词辨析。unfortunately不幸地；unwillingly不情

愿地；unnecessarily没必要地；unexpectedly意外地。根据下文列举的吸烟、喝酒的例子可推知，此处指“不幸地是，这些都是不好的(non-beneficial)例子”。故选A。4．B【解析】考查介词辨析。besides除此之外(还有)；despite尽管；except除此

之外；without没有。句意：尽管(despite)吸烟有害是一个事实，但是很多人每天都吸烟。故选B。5．C【解析】考查形容词辨析。courageous勇敢的；disgusting恶心的；dangerous危险的

；forbidden被禁止的。与前文harmful对应，表示“吸烟是有害和危险的(dangerous)”。故选C。6．D【解析】考查动名词辨析。selling卖；buying买；getting得到；consuming消耗。句意：这些人在消耗香烟和吸烟方面是遵守规律的。

另外根据后文的“Suchpeoplearedisciplinedatconsumingalcohol.”可知，此处应使用consume“消耗”。故选D。7．B【解析】考查动词辨析。care关心；see看到；明白；feel感觉；mind介意

。句意：你明白(see)我从哪里引用这点吗？故选B。8．A【解析】考查名词辨析。passion激情；gift礼物；respect尊重；reason原因。根据下文的“Whetheritissnowingorraining,shehastorun.”可知，

作者的一个朋友有每天晨跑的激情。故选A。9．B【解析】考查形容词辨析。formal正式的；positive积极的；negative消极的；religious宗教的。此处与上文吸烟、喝酒不良习惯形成对比

，这是一种积极的自律性。故选B。10．C【解析】考查动词辨析。form形成；learn学习；follow遵循；believe相信。句意：这是一种在你的生活中，你应该遵循和创造的积极的自律性。故选C。11．A【解析】考查动名词辨析。reading阅读；reciti

ng背诵；analyzing分析；reviewing审查。句意：你知道有的人买了一本书，但是因为某种原因没有读完吗？故选A。12．B【解析】考查名词辨析。service服务；diet饮食；skill技巧；performance表现。根据下文的“starteatingmoreveg

etablesandfruit”可知此处指改善自己的饮食。故选B。13．C【解析】考查动词词组辨析。breakdown抛锚；turnup露面；giveup放弃；setout出发。句意：但是两周后，他就放弃了。故选C。14．

A【解析】考查名词辨析。lack缺乏；gesture姿势；sign符号；symbol象征。根据上文可知，列举的这些例子都是缺乏自律性的。故选A。15．D【解析】考查名词辨析。attention注意；order顺序；cre

dit信用；desire愿望。句意：如果你缺乏自律性，那么实现你的愿望将是很困难的。故选D。16．A【解析】考查动词辨析。plan计划；listen听；ask问；hope希望。句意：正像我在我的《实现你的目标终极指南》一书中提到的，你能知道你想要的

、能计划并采取行动，但是如果你自律性不强，你将可能放弃。故选A。17．C【解析】考查副词辨析。obviously显然地；practically实际上；likely可能；quickly快速地。句意：但是如果你的自律性不强，你将可能放弃。故选C。18．D【解析】考查动词辨析。per

suade劝说；inform通知；deliver传递；break打破，解除。句意：有自律，你就能够每天早上早起、锻炼，把你身上像吸烟和吃不健康食物的不好习惯打破。故选D。19．A【解析】考查形容词辨析。healthier更健康的；weaker更弱的；

heavier更重的；clumsier更笨的。句意：有了自律性，你就能进入体育馆，开始为有一个更健康的身体而努力。故选A。20．B【解析】考查名词辨析。demand要求；power力量；principle纪律；measure措施。句意：你看到自律的力量能做些什么了吗？故

选B。Ⅱ.阅读理解AResearchersattheUniversityofKansassaythatpeoplecanaccuratelyjudge90percentofastranger'spersonalitysimplybylookingatthep

erson'sshoes.“Shoesconveyusefulinformationabouttheirwearers，”theauthorswroteinthenewstudypublishedintheJournalofResearchinPersonal

ity.LeadresearcherOmriGillathsaidthejudgmentswerebasedonthestyle，cost，colorandconditionofsomeone'sshoes.Inthestudy,63UniversityofKansasresearch

erslookedatpicturesshowing208differentpairsofshoeswornbythestudy'sparticipants.Volunteersinthestudywerephotographedintheirmostcommonlyworns

hoes，andthenfilledoutapersonalityquestionnaire.Someoftheresultswereexpected：Peoplewithhigherincomesmostcommonlyworeexpe

nsiveshoes，andflashiershoesweretypicallywornbyoutgoingpeople.However，someofthemorespecificresultsarestrangeen

ough.Forexample，“practicalandfunctional”shoesweregenerallywornbymore“pleasant”people，whileanklebootsweremo

relinkedwith“aggressive”personalities.Thestrangestofallmaybethatthosewhowore“uncomfortable-looking”shoestendtohave“calm”personalities.

Andifyouhaveseveralpairsofnewshoesortakeextremecareofthem，youmaysufferfrom“attachmentanxiety”，spendinglotsoftimeworryin

gaboutwhatotherpeoplethinkofyourappearance.Therewasevenapoliticalcalculationinthemixwithmoreliberal(主张变革

的)typeswearing“shabbierandlessexpensive”shoes.Theresearchersnotedthatsomepeoplewillchooseshoestylest

omasktheiractualpersonalities，butresearchersnotedthatvolunteerswerealsolikelytobeunawarethattheirfootwearchoi

ceswereshowingthedeepsideoftheirpersonalities.1．Whatdoesthistextmainlytellus?A．Shoescanhidepeople'srealpers

onalities.B．Shoesconveyfalseinformationaboutthewearer.C．People'spersonalitiescanbejudgedbytheirshoes.D．Peopleknowlittleabou

ttheirpersonalities.2．Theparticipantswereaskedto________.A．providepicturesoftheirshoesB．lookatpicturesofdifferentshoesC．designapersonalityquestionn

aireD．handintheircommonlywornshoes3．Whichoftheresultsisbeyondpeople'sexpectation?A．Wealthypeopleoftenwearexpensiveshoes.B．Pleasantpeoplel

ikewearinguncomfortableshoes.C．Aggressivepeoplearelikelytowearankleboots.D．Fashionshoesaretypicallywornbyoutgoingpeople.4．Peoplesufferingfrom“attachm

entanxiety”tendto________.A．wearstrangeshoesB．worryabouttheirappearanceC．haveacalmcharacterD．becomeapoliticalleader[语篇解读]一项新的研究表明根据一个人的鞋子可以

判断他的性格，甚至是陌生人的性格，准确率能达到90%。研究人员指出有些研究成果是在意料之内的，而有些结果是出乎人们意料的。1．C【解析】主旨大意题。本文是一篇调查报告，第一段提出了“‘Shoesconveyusefulinformationabouttheirwearers’”然后对调查活

动进行了详细的介绍，最后一段通过“theirfootwearchoiceswereshowingthedeepsideoftheirpersonalities”进一步印证主题，所以文章主要讲述的是人们所穿的鞋子能反映出人的性格。2．A【解析】

细节判断题。根据第二段中的“researcherslookedatpicturesshowing208differentpairsofshoeswornbythestudy'sparticipants”以及“Volunteersinthestudy

werephotographedintheirmostcommonlywornshoes”可知参与调查的人们被要求提供他们鞋子的照片。3．C【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“However，someofthem

orespecificresultsarestrangeenough.Forexample，‘practicalandfunctional’shoesweregenerallywornbymore‘pleasant’people，whileankleboot

sweremorelinkedwith‘aggressive’personalities.”可知穿高跟短靴的人更具有攻击性是出乎人们意料的。4．B【解析】词义猜测题。根据文章的第三段中的“…youmaysufferfrom‘attachmentanxiety’，spend

inglotsoftimeworryingaboutwhatotherpeoplethinkofyourappearance.”可知，患有依恋焦虑症的人们，会更担心他们的外表。B2019·辽宁省五校协作高三联合模拟题IttookmultipleweddingsforChristi

neLawtorealizewhatsheneededtodo.Inthesummerof2014,herschedulewaspackedwithfriends'marriagecelebrations—fl

ower-filledoccasionsthatgotherthinking,“Wheredoalltheflowersgoaftertheparty？”Moreoftenthannot,theywerethrownaw

ay.Lawwasconfidentshecouldfindabetteruseforthem.ByAugust,shehadaplan:convincecouplesandcompanieshostingeventstodonatetheirflowers,wh

ichshewouldpickupanddeliverwithin48hourstoseniorsacrossthecity.Shewantedtobringbeautyintothelivesoftheelder

ly.Shedrewonherexperiencethroughbeingavolunteerinnon-profitinstitutionsinordertosetupherownorganization,whichshecalledFloranthrop

ie.Nothavingenoughbouquets(花束)forall150peopleofahealthcenter,Lawaskedthestafftoprovidealistofpatientswhoneededcheeringupmost,“Thefirstwo

manIapproachedthoughtitwasamistake,andthattheflowerscouldn'tpossiblybeforher，”saysLaw.“Isaidtheywere

agift,andwetalkedforahalfhour.”Inadditiontohealthcenters,Floranthropiefocusesoncommunitygroupsdevotedtotheelderly.La-titiaThélèmeisavolunteerforLesP

etitsFières,anorganizationthataimstohelptheelderlywhodon'thaveasupportsystem.ThegroupreceivesadozenorsobouquetsfromFloranthropiemo

nthly,andthenredistributesthem.“Ourmottois‘flowersbeforebread’，”saysThélème.“Wedon'tfocusonprimaryca

re,butratheronnourishing(滋养)thespirit.Floranthropiehelpsusdothat.It'samazingwhatabigdifferenceasmallbouq

uetcanmake.”Inthebeginning,mostofFloranthropie'sdonationscamethroughwordofmouth.Thesedays,Lawreceivesmessages

fromstrangersviaherorganization'sFacebookpageandhasconnectedwithcorporationsandflowerwholesalers.LawhopestoexpandFloranthrop

ienationally,butatthispointishappytobeabletooverseeeachdeliverypersonally.5．WhatmadeChristineLawsetupFloranthropie?A．Thewasteofflowers.B．Thelonel

inessofseniors.C．Thepersuasionofotherfriends.D．Thewarmatmosphereofweddings.6．Whatwasthewoman'sreactiontoChristineLaw'sflowers?A．Shewa

smoved.B．Shewasexcited.C．Shewasworried.D．Shewassurprised.7．WhatcanweinferaboutFloranthropiefromLa-titiaThélème'swords?A．Itshouldfocus

onprimarycare.B．Itisbenefitingmorethantheelderly.C．Itisdoingsomethingofgreatimportance.D．Itshouldcooperatewithmorenon-profitinstitutions.8．What

isthebesttitleforthetext?A．VolunteerYourTimeB．Don'tThrowFlowersAwayC．SpecialDeliveryMakesYourDayD．BrightenSeniors

'LivesWithFlowers[语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了ChristineLaw把婚礼上用过的花送给老人们，为他们的生活增加美的享受，她的做法得到了很多人的支持。5．A【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“‘Wheredoalltheflowersgoaftertheparty

？’Moreoftenthannot,theywerethrownaway.Lawwasconfidentshecouldfindabetteruseforthem.”可知，婚礼上使用过的花束的浪费使ChristineLaw成立了Flor

anthropie这个机构，故选A。6．D【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“ThefirstwomanIapproachedthoughtitwasamistake,andthattheflowerscouldn'tpossiblybeforher”可推知，当Christine

Law给第一位女士送花时，她感到难以置信、相当惊讶，故选D。7．C【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Floranthropiehelpsusdothat.It'samazingwhatabigdifferenceasmallbouquetcanmake.”可推知，La-titiaT

hélème认为Floranthropie做的事产生了很大影响，故C项符合文意。8.D【解析】标题判断题。本文主要讲述了ChristineLaw为了不浪费婚礼上用过的花，把花送给老人们，给他们的生活带来了美，故D项适合作文章标题

。Ⅲ.理解七选五Secretcodes(密码)keepmessagesprivate.Banks,companies,andgovernmentagenciesusesecretcodesindoingbusiness,especiallywheninformationissentbycomput

er.Peoplehaveusedsecretcodesforthousandsofyears.__1__Codebreakingneverlags(落后)farbehindcodemaking.Thescie

nceofcreatingandreadingcodedmessagesiscalledcryptography.Therearethreemaintypesofcryptography.__2__Forexample,thefirstlettersof“Myelep

hanteatstoomanyeels”spelloutthehiddenmessage“Meetme”．__3__Youmightrepresenteachletterwithanumber,forexample.Let'snumberthelettersofthealphab

et,inorder,from1to26.Ifwesubstituteanumberforeachletter,themessage“Meetme”wouldread“135520135”．Acodeusessymbolstorepla

cewords,phrases,orsentences.Toreadthemessageofarealcode,youmusthaveacodebook.__4__Forexample，“bridge”mightstandfor“meet”and“o

ut”mightstandfor“me”．Themessage“Bridgeout”wouldactuallymean“Meetme”.__5__However,itisalsohardtokeepacodebooksecretforlong.Socodesmustbechangedf

requently.A．Itisveryhardtobreakacodewithoutthecodebook.B．Inanylanguage,somelettersareusedmorethanothers.C．Onlypeoplew

hoknowthekeywordcanreadthemessage.D．Aslongastherehavebeencodes，peoplehavetriedtobreakthem.E．Youcanhideame

ssagebyhavingthefirstlettersofeachwordspellitout.F．Withacodebook,youmightwritedownwordsthatwouldstandforotherwords.G．Anotherwaytohideamess

ageistousesymbolstostandforspecificlettersofthealphabet.[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文，主要向读者介绍了几种类型的密码。1．D【解析】根据空格后的“Codebreakin

gneverlags(落后)farbehindcodemaking.”及关键词breaking可知，D项“只要有密码的存在，人们就会试图破解它们”承上启下，符合语境。故选D。2．E【解析】根据空格后的“thef

irstlettersof‘Myelephanteatstoomanyeels’spelloutthehiddenmessage‘Meetme’”并结合选项可知，此处指可以利用每个单词的首字母来隐藏信息，E项是下文

例子的概括，符合语境。故选E。3．G【解析】根据空格后的“Youmightrepresenteachletterwithanumber，forexample.”，并结合下文内容可知，也可以使用代号来代表字母表中特定的字母，G项

可以引起下文，符合语境，故选G。4．F【解析】根据空格前的“youmusthaveacodebook”并结合空格后的“‘bridge’mightstandfor‘meet’…”可知，空格处指的是密码本的作用，因此F项“使用密码本，你可以记录那

些代表其他单词的单词”能够衔接上下文，符合语境。故选F。5．A【解析】根据空格后的“However,itisalsohardtokeepacodebooksecretforlong.”可知，空格后的内

容表示转折，由此结合选项可知，A项“如果没有密码本，人们很难破解密码”能够与下文内容相衔接，且A项中的“Itisveryhard”与下句中的“itisalsohard”相照应。故选A。Ⅳ.短文改错Manyyearsago，whenIwasateenager，Ihadachance

attendtheNationalProfessionalDanceCompetitioninBeijing.Itisoneofthenation'sbiggestartevent.Beforethecompetitionwasstarted，Ipracticedver

yhardtoimproveeachstep，gradually，oneandone.IforgotthatitwastobetiredandjustthoughtthatIhadtowin.Everydancerhadtochoosethenumber.BecauseIwastoocon

centratedonpracticingformyperformance，whenthejudgescalledhernumber，thatIdidn'thearit.EventuallyIheardit.IcannotdescribehowexcitingIwas.Althoughthisf

irstcompetitionwasalongtimeago，Istillclearrememberit.【答案】Manyyearsago，whenIwasateenager，Ihadachance∧toattendtheNationalProfessionalDanceCompetitio

ninBeijing.Itisoneofthenation'sbiggestarteventevents.Beforethecompetitionwas＼started，Ipracticedveryhardtoimproveeachstep，gradually，oneandbyon

e.IforgotthatwhatitwastobetiredandjustthoughtthatIhadtowin.Everydancerhadtochoosetheanumber.BecauseIwastoosoconcentratedonpracticingformyperfo

rmance，whenthejudgescalledhermynumber,thatIdidn'thearit.EventuallyIheardit.Icannotdescribehowexcitingexcit

edIwas.Althoughthisfirstcompetitionwasalongtimeago，Istillclearclearlyrememberit.