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专题07社会与现象篇（一）Text61（2023秋·重庆·高一西南大学附中校考期末）Manycompanieshavemovedonlinethesedays,withworkmeetingsaroundtheworldtak

ingplacevirtually(虚拟地)insteadofintheoffice.Butarecentstudyhasfoundthatonlinemeetingsmayaffectcreativethinking.Thestudy,pub

lishedinNature,included602peoplewhoweredividedintorandompairs.Eachpairwasgivenfiveminutestothinkofcr

eativeusesforanitemsuchasaFrisbee,andthenoneminutetochoosethemostcreativeidea.Somepairswereaskedtoworktogetheronavideocall,whileotherswork

edinperson.Theresultsshowedthatthein-personpairshadmoreideasthanthevirtualpairs.However,virtualgroupswerebetteratchoosi

ngthebestidea.Theresearchersalsousedeye-trackingtechnologytoseewhetherfocusingonascreencanaffectaperson’screativity.Teamswo

rkingtogethervirtuallyspentmoretimelookingdirectlyateachotherandrememberedlessoftheirsurroundingswhenaskedlater.Thein-personpairsspentm

oretimelookingaroundtheroom,butalsohadmoreideas.Theresearchersdidthesamestudywith1,490companyengineers.

Thepairswereaskedtothinkofnewproductideasandchooseoneasanideafortheircompany.Theresultsweresimilartothefirststudy,withtheenginee

rswhometinpersonthinkingofmoreproductideas,andthevirtualpairsmakingslightlybetterdecisionsaboutwhichideatochoose.S

tudyauthorMelanieBruckssaidthatwhileshethinksthefutureofworkishybrid,theresultssuggestthatbusinessesshouldthinkcarefullyaboutwhichtaskscanbedoneonli

ne,andwhich—likethinkingofnewideas—shouldbedoneinperson.1．Howdidtheexpertsgettheresearchresults?A．Bycarryingoutsurveys.B．Bydoingexperimen

tsinthelab.C．Bycomparingdifferentgroups.D．Bywatchingdifferentvideos.2．Accordingtothestudy,thein-persongrouppa

irsaresuitableto________.A．makeadecisionB．dosomecreativejobsC．communicatewithpeopleD．choosethesurroundings3．Howshouldabossdecidethetasksfor

hiscompany?A．Brainstormproductdesignsthroughvideocalls.B．DecideontherightsalesplanonWeChat.C．Comeupwithadslogansino

nlinemeetings.D．Choosetheproductpackagefacetoface.4．What’stheauthor’sattitudetovirtualworkmeetings?A．ApprovingB．UncaringC．Critical

D．Objective【导语】这是一篇说明文。研究表明网络会议可能会影响人的创造力。1．【答案】C【解析】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Thestudy,publishedinNature,included602peoplewhoweredivi

dedintorandompairs.EachpairwasgivenfiveminutestothinkofcreativeusesforanitemsuchasaFrisbee,andthenoneminute

tochoosethemostcreativeidea.(这项发表在《自然》杂志上的研究包括了602人，他们被随机分成小组。每组有五分钟的时间思考飞盘等物品的创意用途，然后有一分钟的时间选择最具创意的想法。)”以及第二段“Somepairswereaskedtoworktogether

onavideocall,whileothersworkedinperson.Theresultsshowedthatthein-personpairshadmoreideasthanthevirtualpairs.However,virtualgroupswerebettera

tchoosingthebestidea.(一些组被要求一起进行视频通话，而另一些则面对面工作。结果表明，面对面组比虚拟组有更多的想法。然而，虚拟团队更善于选择最好的主意。)”可知专家们通过研究和比较参与者的不同小组得到结果。故选C。2．【答案】B【解析】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Theres

ultsshowedthatthein-personpairshadmoreideasthanthevirtualpairs.(结果表明，面对面组比虚拟组有更多的想法。)”以及第四段“Theresultsweresimilarto

thefirststudy,withtheengineerswhometinpersonthinkingofmoreproductideas,(结果与第一项研究相似，见面的工程师会想出更多的产品想法，)”可知面对面的小组适合

做一些创造性的工作。故选B。3．【答案】B【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段中“However,virtualgroupswerebetteratchoosingthebestidea.(然而，虚拟小组在选择最佳创意方面更胜一筹。)”以及倒数

第二段中“Theresultsweresimilartothefirststudy,withtheengineerswhometinpersonthinkingofmoreproductideas,andthevirtualpairsmakingslightlybetterdecision

saboutwhichideatochoose.(结果与第一项研究相似，面对面的工程师会想到更多的产品创意，而虚拟配对的工程师会在选择创意方面做出更好的决定。)”可知，虚拟小组在做出选择方面更加有优势

。故B选项“DecideontherightsalesplanonWeChat.(在微信上决定正确的销售计划。)”能够突出虚拟小组的选择方面的优势，适合老板为公司决定任务。故选B。4．【答案】D【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“theresultssuggestthatbusin

essesshouldthinkcarefullyaboutwhichtaskscanbedoneonline,andwhich—likethinkingofnewideas—shouldbedoneinperson.

(研究结果表明，企业应该仔细考虑哪些任务可以在网上完成，哪些任务(就像思考新想法一样)应该亲自完成。)”可知，作者认为企业应该仔细考虑哪些任务可以在网上完成，哪些任务应该亲自完成即虚拟工作会议并不是适合所有的工作任务，有的适合有的不适合，由此体现出作者

客观的态度。故选D。Text62（2023秋·河南郑州·高一校考期末）Itwaswinterof1973andSingaporeanL.Shanmugamwaitedattheguardhouseofabuildinginthesmalltown

ofHermannsburg,Germany.TheOutwardBoundSingapore(OBS)instructorhopedfortheonce-in-a-lifetimechancetocallonKurtHahn,thefatherofexperient

ialeducationandfounderofOutwardBound.WhenastaffmembertoldhimthattheelderlyHahnwasasickandweakmanwhodidnotentertainguests,Shanm

ugamstillwaited.Hesaidhehadhitchhiked(搭便车)hiswayfromWalestoGermany,crossingtheAlpsjusttoshowhisgreatadmirationforHahn’sextraordinarya

chievements—ifthatwasnotthespiritofadventure,whatwas?Thenextmoment,hewasinvitedin.ItwasadreamlikeexperiencetofinallymeetHahn,herecalled.

Overlunch,ShanmugamtoldtheeducatorthathehadcomefromafarawaycountrycalledSingapore.Hetalkedabouthowthesmall

flattropical(热带的)islandhadlittleexperiencewithmountaineering,polarexplorationorextremelandscapes.Despitethelimitat

ions,thisdidnotstopyoungSingaporeansfromcontinuingtofollowinHahn’srichlegacy(遗产)ofoutdoorlearning.Hahnwasamongtheearliestpioneerswh

obelievedthattheoutdoorscouldshapethepersonaldevelopmentofyoungpeople.In1934,asthefounderandheadmasterofGordonstounSchoolinMoray,S

cotland,heaskedhisstudentstomakeregularsailingexpeditions(定期航海探险)andhill-walking.DuringtheSecondWorldWar,

HahnstartedanewkindofschoolinAberdoveyinWalestotrainyouths:aone-monthcourseinvolvingexpeditionsacrossthreemountainranges,rescuetraining

andvolunteerworkinthelocalcommunity.In1941,OutwardBound,acharitableeducationalorganizationthatprovidesadventureprograms,wasborn.Eightyyea

rson,OutwardBoundhasbecomeanationalpolicyinSingapore.InfollowingHahn’sfootsteps,thecountryhasdiscoveredthattheactofcommunicatingwiththeoutdoor

sbringsacertainkindofmagic.“Wewantallouryoungpeopletobestrong,adaptableandcreative.Outdooradventurelearningisespeciallyusefu

lingivingtheselessons,whichareveryhardtoteachintheclassroom,”saidSingapore’sPrimeMinisterLeeHsienLoong.5．WhydidShanmuga

mcometovisitHermannsburg?A．Toshowhisspiritofadventure.B．TotreattheoldHahn’sdisease.C．ToexpresshisadmirationforHahn.D．Todiscusstheideaofexperiential

education.6．WhatmadeithardforyoungSingaporeanstodevelopoutdoorlearning?A．Havingfewexperiencedinstructors.B．Nothav

ingdifferentlandforms.C．Notreceivingstronggovernmentsupport.D．Knowinglittleaboutexperientialeducation.7．WhatdidtheschoolsinMorayandAberdoveyhav

eincommon?A．Bothtaughtstudentsadventure.B．Bothtrainedyouthstobesailors.C．Bothinstructedresearchskillsoutdoors.D．Bothencouragedstud

ent-centeredlearning.8．WhichstatementmightLeeHsienLoongagreewith?A．Educatorsshouldteachmanydifferentskills.B．Studen

tsshouldlearnaboutnatureinmanyways.C．Youngpeopleshouldspendmoretimelearninginthewild.D．Thegovernmentshouldprovideab

etterenvironmentforkids.【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了新加坡国策之一的拓展训练是如何走进新加坡以及其带给新加坡的变化。5．【答案】D【解析】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Hesa

idhehadhitchhiked(搭便车)hiswayfromWalestoGermany,crossingtheAlpsjusttoshowhisgreatadmirationforHahn’sex

traordinaryachievements—ifthatwasnotthespiritofadventure,whatwas?(他说他从威尔士搭便车到德国，翻越阿尔卑斯山只是为了表达他对Hahn非凡成就的

钦佩——如果这不是冒险精神，那是什么？)”以及文章第三段“Despitethelimitations,thisdidnotstopyoungSingaporeansfromcontinuingtofollowinHahn’srichlegacy(遗产)of

outdoorlearning.(尽管有这些限制，但这并没有阻止年轻的新加坡人继续追随Hahn丰富的户外学习遗产。)”可推断，Shanmugam来到Hermannsburg的目的就是了解拓展训练。故选D。6．【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Overlunch,Shanmuga

mtoldtheeducatorthathehadcomefromafarawaycountrycalledSingapore.Hetalkedabouthowthesmallflattropical(热带的)

islandhadlittleexperiencewithmountaineering,polarexplorationorextremelandscapes.Despitethelimitations,thisdidnots

topyoungSingaporeansfromcontinuingtofollowinHahn’srichlegacy(遗产)ofoutdoorlearning.(午餐时，Shanmugam告诉这位教育家，他来自一个遥

远的国家，名叫新加坡。他谈到这个平坦的热带小岛，几乎没有登山、极地探险或极端景观的体验。尽管有这些限制，但这并没有阻止年轻的新加坡人继续追随Hahn丰富的户外学习遗产。)”可知，这位新加坡小伙子没有办法在新加坡进行户外培训项目是因为新加坡地势平坦，没有各种各样的地形。故选

B。7．【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第四段“In1934,asthefounderandheadmasterofGordonstounSchoolinMoray,Scotland,heaskedhisstudentstomakere

gularsailingexpeditions(定期航海探险)andhill-walking.(1934年，作为苏格兰马里Gordonstoun学校的创始人和校长，他要求他的学生定期航海探险和爬山。)”以及文章第五段“DuringtheSecondWor

ldWar,HahnstartedanewkindofschoolinAberdoveyinWalestotrainyouths:aone-monthcourseinvolvingexpeditionsacrossthreemountainra

nges,rescuetrainingandvolunteerworkinthelocalcommunity.(第二次世界大战期间，Hahn在威尔士的阿伯多维开办了一所新式学校来训练年轻人：为期一个月的课程，内容包括穿越三座山脉的探险、救援训练和

当地社区的志愿工作。)”可知，这两个地区学校的共同之处在于都对学生进行户外生活技能。故选C。8．【答案】C【解析】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段““Wewantallouryoungpeopletobestrong,adaptableandcreative.Outdooradventur

elearningisespeciallyusefulingivingtheselessons,whichareveryhardtoteachintheclassroom,”saidSingapore’sPrimeMini

sterLeeHsienLoong.(“我们希望我们所有的年轻人都强壮、适应能力强、富有创造力。户外冒险学习对于教授这些课程尤其有用，而这些课程在课堂上很难教授。”新加坡总理李显龙说。)”可推断，李显龙总理认为年轻人应该学习在野外生存。故选C。Text63（2023秋·河南郑州·高一校考期

末）Long-timereferees(裁判)indifferentyouthsportssaythere’sanexpectationforrefereestobeperfect.Parentswanttheirchildrentoexcel,andcoachesa

reunderpressuretowin.Sometimes,theysay,refereesbecomeascapegoat(替罪羊).PerryPetterle,whoiswiththeUSAHockeyOfficiatingProgram,saysthenumberof

teenandpre-teenrefereesisdropping.HesaysbeforetheCOVID-19pandemictheprogramhadabout4,000registeredreferees,butthey’renow

downtoabout1,700.“It’shappeninginsoccer,it’shappeninginothersports,theabuse(辱骂)thatiscomingfromcoachesa

ndparents.Ithasabadeffectonayoungkid,youngladyoryoungmanthat’soutthererefereeing,“saysPetterle.Refereeshavetobear

theabuse.“I’vebeeninrinks(溜冰场)whereI’vehadtogouptoparents,andit’shappenedthreetimesthisyear,becauseyouhaveparentsbangingontheg

lass,shoutingattheofficialforamissedcall(裁判员的判决).Yes,they’regonnamakemistakesandIgoupandtrytoeducatethatparent’,Hey,

we’vegota13-year-oldkidouthere.Youknow,weneedhimtostayintheprogram,’”hesays.Ofthe41yearshe’sbeeninvolvedinrefereeing,Petterlesay

stheabusehasbecomemorecommoninthelast10years.CarlosFolino,who’srefereedsoccerfor37years,agrees.“Forthemostp

art,it’sgettingtothepointwhereyouthusedtothinkthatitwasagoodwaytomakeafewextradollars,betterthanflippinghamburgers.Butwithalltheshoutingandabusingt

hattheyget,it’snotworthit.Andthatwordgetstohisorherfriendandhisorherfriendwon’tjoinbecauseofthat,”saysFo

lino,MichiganStateRefereeAdministrator.Folinosaysitneedschanging.Petterlesayseducationandcommunicationarepartofapossi

blesolutiontobringingrespectforrefereesbacktoyouthsports.9．Whatdoesparagraph1mainlytellus?A．Coaches’pressuretowin.B．Referees’rolesinamatch.C．Refere

es’difficultsituationinyouthsports.D．People’sexpectationsforyouthreferees.10．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“It”inparagraph3referto

?A．Thepandemic.B．Theprogram.C．Thenumber.D．Theabuse.11．WhatdoesPetterlehopeparentswilldo?A．Respecttheyouthreferees.B．Admittheirownmistakes.C．Reportmi

ssedcallsbravely.D．Helpimproveyouthreferees’abilities.12．InFolino’sopinion,whatdoyouthrefereesthinkofthe

irwork?A．Itbringsinlittlemoney.B．Itcausesmorepainthangood.C．Itmakesthemlosetheirfriends.D．Itpromisesmuchinthelongrun.【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了由于家长们希望自己

的孩子出类拔萃，有时候就会对青少年和未成年裁判过于苛责，而这也导致越来越少的年轻人愿意从事这份工作。9．【答案】C【解析】主旨大意题。根据第一段内容“Long-timereferees(裁判)indifferentyouthsportssaythere’san

expectationforrefereestobeperfect.Parentswanttheirchildrentoexcel,andcoachesareunderpressuretowin.Sometimes,theysay,refereesbecomeascapegoat(替罪羊)

.(不同青少年体育项目的资深裁判表示，人们对裁判的期望是完美的。家长们希望自己的孩子出类拔萃，教练们也承受着取胜的压力。他们说，有时裁判会成为替罪羊。)”可知，第一段讲的是青少年裁判的艰难处境。故选C。10．【答案】D【解析】词义猜测题。根据划线单词

前一句“It’shappeninginsoccer,it’shappeninginothersports,theabuse(辱骂)thatiscomingfromcoachesandparents.(在足球和其他运动中，教练和父母的辱骂都在发生。)”可知，而

划线单词“it”所在句“(hasabadeffectonayoungkid,youngladyoryoungmanthat’soutthererefereeing对年轻的孩子、年轻的女士或年轻的男人都有

不好的影响)”可知，it指的是辱骂。故选D。11．【答案】A【解析】推理判断题。根据第五段“““I’vebeeninrinks(溜冰场)whereI’vehadtogouptoparents,andit’shappenedthreetimesthisye

ar,becauseyouhaveparentsbangingontheglass,shoutingattheofficialforamissedcall(裁判员的判决).Yes,they’regonnamakemistakesandIgo

upandtrytoeducatethatparent’,Hey,we’vegota13-year-oldkidouthere.Youknow,weneedhimtostayintheprogram,’”hesays.(“我去过溜冰场，我不得不去找父母，今年已经

发生了三次，因为有父母敲打玻璃，为裁判员的判决向工作人员大喊大叫。是的，他们会犯错误，我会去教育那个家长，“嘿，我们这里有一个13岁的孩子。你知道，我们需要他留在项目中，’”他说。)”可推断，Petterle希望父母能够

多尊重青少年裁判。故选A。12．【答案】B【解析】推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段““Forthemostpart,it’sgettingtothepointwhereyouthusedtothinkthatitwasagoodwaytomakeafewextradollars,be

tterthanflippinghamburgers.Butwithalltheshoutingandabusingthattheyget,it’snotworthit.Andthatwordgetstohisorherf

riendandhisorherfriendwon’tjoinbecauseofthat,”saysFolino,MichiganStateRefereeAdministrator.(“在很大程度上，年

轻人过去认为这是一个赚外快的好方法，比烙汉堡包要好。但是由于他们经常受到责骂，他们觉得不值得这么从事这份工作。这样的话传到他或她的朋友那里，他或她的朋友因此不会从事这份工作，”密歇根州裁判行政官Folino说。)”可推断

，年轻人觉得这份工作带来的痛苦大于好处，不愿意从事这份工作。故选B。Text64（2022秋·重庆·高一重庆市第三十七中学校校考期末）“Longtimenosee.”isaveryinterestingsente

nce.WhenIfirstreadthissentencefromanAmericanfriend’se-mail,Ilaughed.IthoughtitwasaperfectexampleofChinglish.Obvi

ously,itisaword-by-wordtranslationoftheChinesegreetingwithwrongEnglishgrammarandstructure!Lateron,myfriendtoldmethatit

isastandardAmericangreeting.Iwastoosurprisedtobelieveher.Herwordswereunbelievableatall.SoIdidresearchonGoogle.com.Tomysurprise,thereareover60thousand

webpagescontaining“Longtimenosee.”.Thoughitissortofinformal,itispartofthelanguagethatAmericansusedaily.Interesti

ngly,ifyoutypethisphraseinMicrosoftWord,thesoftwarewilltellyouthatthegrammarneedstobecorrected.Nobodyk

nowstheoriginofthisChinglishsentence.SomepeoplebelievethatitcamefromCharlieChan’smovies.Inthe1930s,Hollyw

oodmovie-makerssuccessfullycreatedaworldwidefamousChinesedetective(侦探)named“CharlieChan”onwidescreen

s.DetectiveChanlikedtoteachAmericanssomeChinesewisdombyquotingConfucius.“Longtimenosee.”washissymbol.SoonafterCharlieChan,“Longtimenosee.”became

apopularexpressioninAmericathankstothepopularityofthesemovies.SomeexpertscompareAmericatoahugemelting

pot.Allkindsofculturesaremixedinthepottogether,andtheychangethecolourandtasteofeachother.Languageisusuallythefirstthingtobeinfluencedinthe

mixedpot.Youcanhavesomeexamplesfromothercountries,suchaspizzafromItalian,sushifromJapanese,anddéjàvufromFrenchetc.Thereisalonglist!

SinceAmericansthinkhighlyofChineseculturemoreandmorenowadays,IbelievemoreChinesewordswillbecomeAmericanEnglishinthefuture.Inthisway,theAmerican’s

meltingpotkeepsaddingrichnessandflavour.13．Whatdidthewriterfeelsurprisedataccordingtoparagraph2?A．TheChinglishexpression“Longtimenosee.”.B．

Americansusingtheexpressionwithwronggrammar.C．OthertranslationsofsuchexpressionsusedinAmerica.D．“Longtimenosee.”beingusedasstandardAmericangreeting.

14．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“meltingpot”inParagraph4probablyreferto?A．Amixtureofculture.B．Amixeddishin

thepot.C．Amixtureofcolorandtaste.D．Amixedexpressioninthemovie.15．Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A．Themixedpotgreatlyaffectsall

thelanguages.B．Hollywoodmade“Longtimenosee.”popular.C．Culturescannotbechangedinthemixedpot.D．Detectiv

eChantaughtChinglishinAmerica.16．What’sthemainideaofthispassage?A．SomeAmericanexpressionscanbeusedinChina.B．SomeChineseex

pressionsareintroducedintoEnglish.C．AmericanEnglishkeepsbeingenrichedbydifferentcultures.D．Thephrase“Longtimenosee.”iswidelyaccept

edinAmerica.【答案】13．D14．A15．B16．C【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了以Longtimenosee!这句话为例，说明了美国英语不断被不同的文化所丰富的社会现象。13．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Late

ron,myfriendtoldmethatitisastandardAmericangreeting.Iwastoosurprisedtobelieveher.Herwordswereunbelievableatall.”（后来，我的朋友告诉我，这是一个标

准的美国问候。我太惊讶了，不敢相信她。她的话简直令人难以置信）可知，作者感到惊讶的是“Longtimenosee.”竟然被用作标准的美式问候语。故选D项。14．词句猜测题。根据第四段中“Allkindsofculturesaremixedinth

epottogether,andtheychangethecolourandtasteofeachother.”（各种各样的文化混合在一起，他们改变彼此的颜色和味道）即一些学者把美国文化比喻一个巨大的文化混合物，故可猜测划线单词meltingpot为“文化的混合物”的意思。结合选

项A项Amixtureofculture“文化的混合”意思一致，故选A项。15．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Inthe1930s,Hollywoodmovie-makerssuccessfullycreatedaworldwidefamousChinesedetectivename

d“CharlieChan”onwidescreens.DetectiveChanlikedtoteachAmericanssomeChinesewisdombyquotingConfucius.“Longtim

enosee.”washissymbol.SoonafterCharlieChan,“Longtimenosee.”becameapopularexpressioninAmericathankstothepopul

arityofthesemovies.”（20世纪30年代，好莱坞电影制作人成功地在大银幕上塑造了一个举世闻名的中国侦探“陈查理”。陈侦探喜欢引用孔子的话来教美国人一些中国智慧。“好久不见”。这是他的

象征。陈查理之后不久，“好久不见。”由于这些电影的流行，这句话才在美国流行起来）故可推知，是好莱坞让“Longtimenosee.”流行了起来。故选B项。16．主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段“SomeexpertscompareAmericatoahugemeltingpot

.Allkindsofculturesaremixedinthepottogether,andtheychangethecolourandtasteofeachother.Languageisusuallythefirstthingtobeinfluencedinthemix

edpot.”（些专家把美国比作一个巨大的熔炉，各种各样的文化混合在一起，他们改变彼此的颜色和味道。在混合的环境中，语言通常是最先受到影响的）结合文章以Longtimenosee!这句话为例，说明了美国英语不断被不同的文化所丰富的社会现

象。可知，文章的主旨是美国英语不断被不同的文化所丰富。故选C项。Text65（2023秋·山东济南·高一济南市历城第二中学校考期末）Inthismodernage,mostofushaveforgottentobepatientandgetangryveryquic

klyoverminorthingslikeatrafficjam,ababycryingandsuchthings.Itoftenseemssoeasytogetwhatwewantrightawaythatwhenwehavetowaitevenalittlewhile,itseemslike

wearewaitingforages.Weusedtobehappytowait10-15minutesittooktoreheatfoodintheoven(烤箱),butnowwe’reimpatientwhenwait

ingtwominutesittakesinthemicrowave.Withtheconvenienceprovidedbymodernsociety,ispatiencestillavirtue(美德)inthefast-pacedworld?Tobeginwith,I’d

liketosharethemeaningoftheword“patience”.Generallyitmeansbeingabletotoleratedelaywithoutgettingimpatient.However,itisn’tnecessarilyapassiveact

ivity.Ittakesanactivecommitment,knowingwhentotakeactionandwhennotto.SoIwouldarguethatpatienceisstill—andalwa

ys—avirtue.Sure.Iusedtobeoneofthosewhooftenstaredatthemicrowaveforthefulltwominutesittooktoheatmyfood.Andintheend,thefoodtastedbad.Iflhadhadthepati

encetoheatthefoodproperlyintheoven,Iwouldhaveenjoyedadeliciousmeal.Actuallythebenefitsofpatiencegobeyondjustheatingupourfood.

Patienceisanexerciseinself-controlwhichshowsthatwecanhandlelifeproblemswhenthingsgettough,andthatwecanexercisegoodjudgment

.Lackofpatiencecancauseustomakewrongdecisionsthatnegativelyaffectourhealthandhappiness,wasteourtime,putusunderalotofstressandaffe

ctourrelationshipsinaverynegativeway.Everythinginlifehappensforareason.Sometimeswefaceanobstacle(障碍)becauseweneedtogrowinwayswedidn

’trealize.It’snotalwaysobviouswhenthatwashappening,butwithpatiencewewillsoonseeclearlywhyithappened;andwhatweweremeanttolearnfromit.

Takingtimetothinkaboutouractionsandbeingpatientareasmallpricetopaywhenwedeterminethebestpossiblesolutiontoanyproblems.17．The

authorusestheexampleofreheatingfoodtoshowthat.A．peoplehavenotimetoenjoythemealB．hightechnologybringsmorebenefitsC．morepeoplelackp

atiencenowD．thefast-pacedlifemakespeoplestressed18．WhatcouldbeinferredfromParagraph4?A．Peopleunderstre

sstendtogetangry.B．Patientpeoplearemorelikelytomakebetterdecisions.C．Peoplewithself-controlareeasiertosucceed.D．Patientpeople

areunlikelytomakemistakes.19．WhatdoestheauthorintendtotellusinParagraph5?A．Awisemanlearnsfromexperience.B．Ab

ravemanisnotafraidofchallenges.C．Amanshouldfindoutreasonsforwhathappened.D．Amanshouldbepatienttodealwithdifficulties.

20．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．Thecausesofimpatience.B．Waystoexercisepatience.C．Ispatiencereallyavirtue?D．Whatdoes“patien

ce”mean?【答案】17．C18．B19．D20．C【导语】本文是议论文。作者通过现代人缺乏耐心，讲述了耐心仍旧是一种美德，是处理问题，做处正确决定必须的品德，倡议人们要学会有耐心。17．推理判断题。根据第一段“Inthismodernage,mostofushavefo

rgottentobepatientandgetangryveryquicklyoverminorthingslikeatrafficjam,ababycryingandsuchthings.(在这个现代社会，我们大多数人都忘记了要有耐心，并且会

因为一些小事情很快就会生气，比如交通堵塞，婴儿哭闹等等)”提到在这个时代，我们中的大多数人都忘记了耐心，并很快就会因为小事而生气，下文举例“Weusedtobehappytowait10-15minutesitto

oktoreheatfoodintheoven(烤箱),butnowwe’reimpatientwhenwaitingtwominutesittakesinthemicrowave.(我们过去很高兴等待在烤箱中重新加热食物需要的10-15分钟，但现在我们等待两分钟时

就不耐烦了，这是微波炉需要的时间)”可推断作者使用加热食物的例子是为了表明现在更多的人缺乏耐心。故选C。18．推理判断题。根据第四段的“Patienceisanexerciseinself-controlw

hichshowsthatwecanexercisegoodjudgment.Lackofpatiencecancauseustomakewrongdecisions(耐心是一种自我控制的锻炼，表明我们可以行使良好的判断力。缺乏耐心会导致我们做出错误的决定)”

可推断，有耐心的人往往会做出更好的决定。故选B。19．推理判断题。根据第五段“Sometimeswefaceanobstacle(障碍)becauseweneedtogrowinwayswedidn'treali

ze.It'snotalwaysobviouswhenthatwashappening,butwithpatiencewewillsoonseeclearlywhyitoccurredandwhatweweremeanttolearnfromit.(有时我们面临一个障碍，因为我们需要以

我们没有意识到的方式成长。当这种情况发生时并不总是显而易见的，但有了耐心，我们很快就会明白为什么会发生这种情况，以及我们应该从它中学到什么)”可推断，一个人应该耐心地处理困难。故选D。20．主旨大意题。文章第一段作者提出现代人缺乏耐心，

二、三段阐述耐心是一种美德；第四段阐述耐心的益处；第五段阐述处理困难要有耐心；第六段阐述做决定需要耐心。因此推断文章主要阐述耐心是一种美德。故选C。Text66（2023秋·山西运城·高一康杰中学校考期末）ThevillageofHallstattinAustriaisacol

lectionofoldbuildings.Insummer,themountainsaregreenandthevillageislovely.Inwinter,it’slikesomethingoutofasno

w-coveredfairytale.Nowitisbeingoverrunwithtourists,partlybecauseitlookslikethevillagefromthemovieFrozen.Thetown’smayorisac

tuallyhopingthatmanytouristswillstayaway.Hallstattissmall.Fewerthan800peoplelivethere.Butthenumberofvisitorswhoar

riveeachdayishuge—upto10,000visitorsaday.Hallstatt’spopularityfirstbeganwhenitbecameaWorldHeritageSitein1997.B

utthenumberofvisitorsincreasedquicklyafterthereleaseofDisney’smovieFrozenin2013.ThoughmuchofFrozenwasbasedonlifeinNorway,Hallstattlook

salotlikeArendelle,themainvillageinthemovie.SomepeoplebelievethatArendellewasbasedonHallstatt.Muchofthetourismisdrivenbysocialmedia.Manyoft

hevisitorsseemmainlyinterestedintakingphotoswiththevillageinthebackground.Somelocalpeoplefeelstressedaboutit.With10,000visitorsaday,that’sover

12touristsforeverypersoninHallstatt.Onemansaidhismotherhadwokenuponedaytofindtouristsinherbedroom.Them

ayorwouldprefertohavefewertourists.Hethinksthetownwouldbejustfinewithaboutonethirdfewervisitorseachyear.Startingfromthisyear,Hallst

attwillbeginaprogramtoreducethenumberofbusesbringingvisitorstothevillage.Beforethetourismboomed,localpeoplewouldleaveHallstat

ttofindwork.Nowmanypeopledependuponthetouristsfortheirliving.Hotelroomscancostbetween$350and$450.Anditcostsoveronedollartousethepubli

cbathroominHallstatt.With10,000visitorsaday,eventoiletscanbegoodbusiness.21．Whatdoweknowaboutthevillageo

fHallstattinAustria?A．Ithasappearedinmanyfamousmovies.B．Itisbeautifulbutcrowdedwithtourists.C．Ithasasmallpopulationforitsbadweather.D．Itisanoldvilla

gewithpoorcustomerservice.22．WhatdidthemanmentionedinParagraph3wanttoexpress?A．Visitorswerewelcometostayatlocalhomes.B．Locallifewasbadlyinflu

encedbyvisitors.C．Socialmediabroughtvisitorstohisvillage.D．Thelocalshadacloserelationshipwithvisitors.23．Whichofthefollowingbestexpl

ainstheword“boom”inthelastParagraph?A．Sigh.B．Drop.C．Decline.D．Rocket.24．Whatcanweconcludefromthetext?A．Hallstattishavingfewervisitors

forthehighcost.B．LocalpeoplearesatisfiedwiththeirlifeinHallstatt.C．Tourismbringsbothtroubleandbenefitstolocalpeople.D．Localpeop

lehavedifficultyimprovingthehousingservice.【答案】21．B22．B23．D24．C【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍的是澳大利亚的一个小村庄Hallstatt变得受游客欢迎的原因以

及对当地人们生活的影响。21．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Insummer,themountainsaregreenandthevillageislovely.Inwinter,it’slikesomethingoutofasnow-coveredfairytale.

Nowitisbeingoverrunwithtourists,partlybecauseitlookslikethevillagefromthemovieFrozen.(夏天，山上绿意盎然，村庄很可爱。在冬天，它就像一个冰雪覆盖的童话故事。现在它被游客淹没了，部分原因是它

看起来像电影《冰雪奇缘》中的村庄)”可知，这个村庄很美丽，但是挤满了游客。故选B项。22．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Somelocalpeoplefeelstressedaboutit.With10,000visitorsaday,that’sover12touristsfo

reverypersoninHallstatt.Onemansaidhismotherhadwokenuponedaytofindtouristsinherbedroom.(一些当地人对此感到有压力。每天有1万名游客，在哈尔施塔特，每个人就有12名游客。

一名男子说，他母亲有一天醒来发现卧室里有游客)”可推知，文中提到这名男子的事情是想证明当地的生活受到游客的严重影响。故选B项。23．词句猜测题。根据最后一段中“Beforethetourismboomed,localpeoplewouldleaveHa

llstatttofindwork.Nowmanypeopledependuponthetouristsfortheirliving.(在旅游业boomed之前，当地人会离开Hallstatt去找工作。现在许多人依靠游客生活)”可知，当地

人会离开Hallstatt特去找工作是在旅游业“boomed”之前的事情，但在旅游业“boomed”之后，许多人依靠游客生活.由此推知，boom的意思是“快速增长，猛增”，与动词rocket意思相近。故选D项。24．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Thet

own’smayorisactuallyhopingthatmanytouristswillstayaway.(镇长其实是希望很多游客能远离)”以及第三段中的“Somelocalpeoplefeelstress

edaboutit....Onemansaidhismotherhadwokenuponedaytofindtouristsinherbedroom.(一些当地人对此感到压力……一名男子说，他的母亲有一天醒来发现她的卧室里有游

客)”可知，过多的游客给当地人们带来了很多的困扰，再结合最后一段“Nowmanypeopledependuponthetouristsfortheirliving.Hotelroomscancostbetween$350and$450.

AnditcostsoveronedollartousethepublicbathroominHallstatt.With10,000visitorsaday,eventoiletscanbegood

business.(现在许多人依靠游客为生。酒店房间的价格在350美元到450美元之间。使用Hallstatt的公共浴室要花一美元多。每天有10，000名游客，即使是厕所也可以做生意)”可知，旅游业的发展也给人们

带来了更多的收入。由此推知，旅游业的发展既给人们带来了困扰，也使得当地人受益。故选C项。Text67（2023秋·吉林通化·高一梅河口市第五中学校考期末）Severalweeksago,Ipulledanoldroadmapoutoft

hegloveboxandpassedittomychildren.TheyhadneverseentheprovinceofOntariolaidoutlikethatbefore.Theystaredatthemap,askingaboutallthetowns,

parks,andotherlandmarkswe’dvisited,andIpointedthemoutonthemap.DigitalmapsandGPSaremodernwondersthathavegotten

meoutofmanyconfusingplaces,butpapermapsstillhavearoletoplayinourlives.Mostofusadultslearnedtoreadthemoutofnecessit

y,butit’suptoustopassonthatskilltochildrenwhoseneedmaynotbesoobvious,butwhostillwillbenefitfromit.AsTrevorMuirwroteinanarticleo

nthistopic,“Whenkidslearnhowtocreateandusepapermaps,theyaredoingmorethanjustlearninghowtogetaround.Theyareact

uallydevelopingafundamentalskillthattheywillusefortherestoftheirlives.Mapskillstillbelongintoday’sclassroom.”A

sachild,IhadNationalGeographicMapstapedtomybedroomwalls.Thisarousedmycuriosityandimaginationaboutthoseplacesandthusmademeeagertorememb

ermygeographyandhistorylessonsbecausetheyweretiedtoplacesI’d“seen”.Evennowasamotheroffour,I’vealsosparedtimetotraveltomanyo

fthecountrieswhosemapsIstudiedasachild.Additionally,inthisfast-changingworld,unexpectedeventscanrapidlyinfluenceone’

susualwayoflife.WhenGPSsatellitesorInternetconnectionsareaffected,thisold-fashionedskillcangetyououtofamess

withoutrequiringasmartphone.Lastbutnotleast,papermapsarousebigpicturethinking,showingkidsthatthere’samuchbiggerworldoutthereandhelpingtod

irectthemwithinit.So,nowisagoodtimetopulloutthosedustyoldmapsandlaythemonthekitchentable.25．Howdidthechildrenreactwhentheyweregiventhepape

rmap?A．Theyshowedgreatcuriosity.B．Theyseemedtotallyconfused.C．TheyfounditlessconvenientthanGPS.D．Theyrefusedtoreaditw

ithouthesitation.26．WhatisTrevorMuir’sattitudetowardsteachingpapermapskillforkids?A．Neutral.B．Negativ

e.C．Supportive.D．Doubtful.27．Whichofthefollowingwilltheauthoragreewith?A．Papermapsarealreadyoutofdate.B．Int

ernetconnectionsarealwaysreliable.C．Papermapsprovidekidswithagrandvision.D．GPSwillsoonerorlaterreplacepapermaps.28．Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthet

ext?A．TimetoEncourageKidstoExploreaRealWorldB．HowtoTeachKidstoSurviveintheWildC．HowtoTeachKidstoRecognizeStrangePlacesD．TimetoTeachKid

stoReadPaperMaps【答案】25．A26．C27．C28．D【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者认为纸质地图对我们有很多益处，父母应该教给孩子看纸质地图的技能。25．细节理解题，根据第一段“T

heystaredatthemap,askingaboutallthetowns,parks,andotherlandmarkswe’dvisited,andIpointedthemoutonthemap.(他

们盯着地图，询问我们去过的所有城镇、公园和其他地标，我就在地图上指出来。)”可知，孩子们对这张纸质地图非常地好奇。故选A。26．推理判断题，根据第三段“Whenkidslearnhowtocreate

andusepapermaps,theyaredoingmorethanjustlearninghowtogetaround.Theyareactuallydevelopingafundamentalskillthattheywillusefortherest

oftheirlives.Mapskillstillbelongintoday’sclassroom.(当孩子们学习如何创建和使用纸质地图时，他们所做的不仅仅是学习如何四处走动。他们实际上是在培养一种基本技能，这种技能将在他们的余生中使用。地图技能仍然属于

今天的课堂。)”可知，TrevorMuir支持教给孩子们看纸质地图的技能。故选C。27．细节理解题。根据第五段“Lastbutnotleast,papermapsarousebigpicturethinking,showingkidsthatthere’samuchbigge

rworldoutthereandhelpingtodirectthemwithinit.(最后但并非最不重要的是，纸质地图能唤起大局观思维，向孩子们展示外面有一个更大的世界，并帮助他们在这个世界里指

引方向。)”可知，作者认为纸质地图能帮助孩子形成全局思维。故选C。28．主旨大意题。综合全文内容可知，文章讲述了作者认为纸质地图对我们有很多益处，父母应该教给孩子看纸质地图的技能，所以孩子学会看纸质地图是有诸多益处的。D选项“TimetoTeachKidstoRea

dPaperMaps(是时候教孩子看纸质地图了)”能够概括文章大意。故选D。Text68（2023秋·山东·高一山东省实验中学校考期末）Shouldweallowmodernbuildingstobebuiltnexttoolderbuildingsinahistoricareaof

acity?Inordertoanswerthisquestion,wemustfirstexaminewhetherpeoplereallywanttopreservethehistoricfeelofana

rea.Notallhistoricalbuildingsareattractive.However,theremaybeotherreasons—forexample,economicreasonswhytheyshouldbep

reserved.So,letusassumethathistoricalbuildingsarebothattractiveandimportanttothemajorityofpeople.Whatshou

ldwedothenifanewbuildingisneeded?Inmyview,newarchitecturalstylescanexistperfectlywellalongsideanolderstyle.Indeed,therearemanyexamplesin

myownhometownofTours,wheremoderndesignshavebeenplacedverysuccessfullynexttooldbuildings.Aslongasthebuildinginquestionispleasinganddoesnotdomi

nate(影响)itssurroundingstoomuch,itoftenimprovestheattractivenessofthearea.Itistruethatthereareexamplesofnewbui

ldingswhichhavespoilt(破坏)theareatheyarein,butthesamecanbesaidofsomeoldbuildingstoo.Yetpeoplestillspeakagainstnewbuildingsinhistoricare

as.Ithinkthisissimplybecausepeoplearenaturallyconservative(保守的)anddonotlikechange.Althoughwehavetores

pectpeople’sfeelingsasfellowusersofthebuildings,Ibelievethatitisthedutyofthearchitectandplannertomovethingsforward.Ifwealwaysreproducedwhatwastherebe

fore,wewouldallstillbelivingincaves.Thus,Iwouldargueagainstcopyingpreviousarchitecturalstylesandchoosesomethingfreshanddifferent,eventhoughthat

mightbethemoreriskychoice.29．Whatcanwelearnabouthistoricalbuildingsfromparagraph1?A．Allofthemarenotattractive.B．Mostofthemarehardto

preserve.C．Peoplewanttopreservethehistoricfeel.D．Theyaremorepleasingthanmodernones.30．Whatistheauthor’sattitudetocoexistenceofoldbuild

ingsandnewones?A．Doubtful.B．Unclear.C．Conservative.D．Favourable.31．Whatdoesthephrase“movethingsforward”inthelastparagraphreferto?A．Destroyold

buildings.B．Putthingsinadifferentplace.C．Choosenewarchitecturalstyles.D．Respectpeople’sfeelingsforhistoricalbuildin

gs.32．Whatisthemainpurposeofthetext?A．Toinstruct.B．Toargue.C．Towarn.D．Toeducate.【答案】29．A30．D31．C32．B【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了现代建筑

是否可以建在历史悠久地区的老建筑旁边。29．细节理解题。根据第一段关键句“Notallhistoricalbuildingsareattractive.”（并非所有的历史建筑都具有吸引力。）可知，并非所有的历史建筑都具有吸引力，由此可

知，从第1段中我们可以了解到不是所有的历史建筑都具有吸引力。故选A项。30．推理判断题。根据第二段关键句“Inmyview,newarchitecturalstylescanexistperfectlywellalongsideano

lderstyle.”（在我看来，新的建筑风格可以与旧的风格完美共存。）可知，作者认为新的建筑风格可以与旧的风格完美共存，由此可知，作者对新旧建筑共存的态度是支持的。故选D项。31．词义猜测题。根据画线短语下文“Ifw

ealwaysreproducedwhatwastherebefore,wewouldallstillbelivingincaves.”（如果我们总是复制以前的样子，我们都仍然会住在洞穴里。）可知，作者认为如果我们不

选择新的建筑样式，总是复制以前的建筑风格，那么现在我们将仍然会住在洞穴里，由此可知，作者认为建筑师有责任选择新的建筑样式，推动建筑的发展，“Choosenewarchitecturalstyles”意为“选择新的建筑样式”，能够表达画线短语在句中所要表达的意思。故选C项。32．推理判断题。通读

全文，结合第一段关键句“Shouldweallowmodernbuildingstobebuiltnexttoolderbuildingsinahistoricareaofacity?”（我们是否应该允许在城市历史区的老建筑旁边建造现代建筑？）可知，文章主要针对现代

建筑是否可以建在历史悠久的地区进行了争论，由此可知，文章主要目的是争论现代建筑是否可以建在历史悠久的地区。故选B项。Text69（2023秋·四川遂宁·高一射洪中学校考阶段练习）ThefamousSpanishpainterPabloPicassooncesaid,“Every

childisanartist.Theproblemhehasishowtoremainanartistoncehegrowsup.”Thisisbothencouraginganddiscouraging.Thefactt

hatwewereallborntobeartistsiscertainlyexciting,andyettherealityhasproventhatmanyofushavefailedtoremainone.Fortunately,somepeoplehaveseentheproblem

andwanttosolveit.Westerneducatorshavesuggestedthatweintroducetheconceptof“STEAM”insteadof“STEM”—traditional“coremaj

ors”includingscience,technology,engineering,andmath—sincethe“A”,whichstandsfor“art”,isjustasimportant.AndonApril11,China’s

MinistryofEducationissuedaguideline.Collegesanduniversitiesarerequiredtoprovidemoreart-relatedcoursesandstudentsneedtoearnacerta

innumberofartcreditsinordertograduate.Theseeffortscameaftermanyscientificstudieshadfoundthatarteducationhe

lpsstudentsdevelopself-confidenceandteamworkskills,aswellashabitsofmindsuchasproblemsolvingandcriticalthinking,accordingtoTheWashi

ngtonPost.It’struethatnoneoftheseskillsisaimedforspecificjobs.ButasformerUSballetdancerDamianWoetzeltoldTheAtlantic,thepur

poseofartis“togivekidsthetoolstobecomeadultswhoarecreative,adaptable,andexpressive—capableofhavingtheireyesandearsandsensesalive”.Andwe

cannowseehowwelosttrackofourborn“artistself”onourwaytogrowingup:Wefailedtokeepourabilitiestosee,hearandfeel,andbecameblind,deafandinsensitiveadul

ts.Hopefully,arteducationcanhelpturnthingsaround.33．Whatisthefunctionofthefirstparagraph?A．Tointroducethetopic.B．Tosummariz

ethewholepassage.C．Tointroduceafamousartist.D．Toencourageustobeartists.34．Whyshouldtheconceptof“STEAM”beintroducedacco

rdingtowesterneducators?A．Artisasimportantastraditional“coremajors”.B．Allofusshouldlearnartincollege.C．Traditional“coremajors”areouto

fdate.D．Westerneducationismorehelpful.35．WhatcanwepredictfromtheguidelineissuedbyChina’sMinistryofEducation?A．Moreart-relatedcou

rseswillappearinallschools.B．Collegestudentswillhavetogainenoughartcreditstograduate.C．Morestudentswillmajorinartatcollegesanduniversities.D．Artwi

llbecomemuchmoreimportantthanscience.36．Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A．EverychildisanartistB．LearningfromtheartistsC．Bringingartto

lifeD．Lifeisart【答案】33．A34．A35．B36．C【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。本文主要介绍了一些人已经意识到了人在长大时通常无法保持艺术灵性这一问题，他们想将艺术带入青少年的生活中，通过艺术教育来解决这一问题。33．推理判断题。

根据第一段“ThefamousSpanishpainterPabloPicassooncesaid,“Everychildisanartist.Theproblemhehasishowtoremainanartistoncehegrowsup.””（西班牙著名画家巴勃罗·毕加索曾说:

“每个孩子都是艺术家。他的问题是长大后如何继续做艺术家。）而下文作者开始介绍一些人是怎样解决这一问题的。由此可推出，第一段的作用是引出本文的话题。故选A项。34．细节理解题。根据第四段“Westerneducatorshavesuggestedthatweintroducetheco

nceptof“STEAM”insteadof“STEM”—traditional“coremajors”includingscience,technology,engineering,andmath—s

incethe“A”,whichstandsfor“art”,isjustasimportant.”（西方教育工作者建议我们引入“STEAM”的概念，而不是“STEM”——包括科学、技术、工程和数学在内的传统“核心专业”——因为“A”所代表“艺术”同其它学科

同样重要。）可知，在西方教育家看来，为什么要引入“STEAM”的概念是因为艺术和传统的“核心专业”一样重要。故选A项。35．细节理解题。根据第五段“Collegesanduniversitiesarerequiredtoprovidemoreart-relatedcourses

andstudentsneedtoearnacertainnumberofartcreditsinordertograduate.”（高校被要求提供更多与艺术相关的课程，学生需要获得一定数量的艺术学分才能毕业。）从中国教育部发布的指导意见中，我们能预测到大学生必须获得足够的艺术学分

才能毕业。故选B项。36．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了一些人已经意识到了人在长大时通常无法保持艺术灵性这一问题，他们想将艺术带入青少年的生活中，通过艺术教育来解决这一问题。所以短文的最佳标题为“将艺术带入生活”。故

选C项。Text70（2023秋·重庆南岸·高一重庆第二外国语学校校考期末）EnglishandChinesehaveforalongtimebeenthelanguagesmoststudiedaroundtheworldbutthelineupofotherlanguagesofstudy

isever-changing.In2020,Spanishovertook(超越)FrenchasthesecondmostlearnedlanguageonthepopularlanguagelearningappDuolingo.Thiscouldb

eexplainedbyanumberoffactors.TheSpanish-speakingcommunityisincreasinglyinfluentialintheUSandLatinAmericaisseenasincreasinglyinfluentialworldwide.

ItcouldbethatformanypeopleintheUSthere’sapracticalneedtospeakSpanishdomestically(国内地)thathasoverridden(比……更重要)thewishtospeakFrenchfortravel.Asianla

nguagesarealsoincreasinginpopularity.There’srecentlybeengreatinterestinJapanesefromChina,aswellasfrom

someAfricancountriesincludingChadandEthiopia.WecanmainlyrelatethisgrowinginteresttoJapan’sculturaloutputandgeneralattractiontoitsuniqueculture.Nottom

entiontheOlympicsgettingtheinterestoflanguagelearnersfromaroundtheworld.What’sstrikingisthatChineseisnowamorepopularchoicethanRus

sianforlanguagelearners.That’sprobablybecausetheincreasingglobalinfluenceofChinameansitisseenasamoreusefullan

guagetospeakcomparedtoRussian.Over100millionlearnersarethoughttobestudyingChineseworldwidewithinterestfromtheUK,US,IndiaandAfrica

.It’sinterestingtoseearelativelynewsuperpowerovertakeamoreestablishedone—inlanguagetermsatleast.It’shardtojudg

etheculturalinfluenceofacountrybutthenumberofpeoplespendingtimelearningmoreaboutitthroughitslanguageissurelyasignthatitisexerting(施加)

influence.37．WhatcanweinferaboutLatinAmericans?A．TheyoftentraveltoFrance.B．TheymostlyspeakSpanish.C．TheyinfluencetheUSmost.D．Theylearnt

hemostlanguages.38．WhatcontributesmosttothegrowingpopularityofJapanese?A．Culture.B．Tourism.C．TheOlympics.D．Theglobalinflue

nce.39．ThefactthatmorepeoplearelearningChinesethanRussianmakestheauthor_________A．confused.B．interes

ted.C．proud.D．anxious.40．Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A．LanguagesmoststudiedB．TheappmostdownloadedC．ChangesinlanguagelearningD．

ThebattlebetweenEnglishandChinese【答案】37．B38．A39．B40．C【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文主要介绍了学习某国语言的人数的变化，它反应出该语言国、地区在世界上的影响力的变化。37．推理判断题。根据第二段“In2020,Spani

shovertook(超越)FrenchasthesecondmostlearnedlanguageonthepopularlanguagelearningappDuolingo.Thiscouldbeexplainedbyanumberoffactors.TheSpa

nish-speakingcommunityisincreasinglyinfluentialintheUSandLatinAmericaisseenasincreasinglyinfluentialworldwide.”（2020年，在流行语言学习程序“Duol

ingo”上，西班牙语取代法语成为第二大学习语言。这可以用许多因素来解释。西班牙语社区在美国的影响力越来越大，拉丁美洲在世界范围内的影响力也越来越大）可知，推出，拉丁美洲说西班牙语。故选B项。38．细节理解题。根据第三段“W

ecanmainlyrelatethisgrowinginteresttoJapan’sculturaloutputandgeneralattractiontoitsuniqueculture.”（我们主要可以将这种日益增长的兴趣与日本的文化产出和其独特文化的普遍吸引力联系起来

。）由此可知，文化对日语日益普及的贡献最大。故选A项。39．细节理解题。根据第四段“It’sinterestingtoseearelativelynewsuperpowerovertakeamoreestablishedone—inlanguageter

msatleast.”（看到一个相对较新的超级大国取代一个更成熟的超级大国是很有趣的——至少在语言方面是这样。）可知，学习汉语的人比学习俄语的人多这一事实引起了作者的兴趣。故选B项。40．主旨大意题。根据第一段“EnglishandCh

inesehaveforalongtimebeenthelanguagesmoststudiedaroundtheworldbutthelineupofotherlanguagesofstudyisever-changing.”（长期以来，英语和汉语一直是世界上学习最多的语言，但其他

语言的学习顺序也在不断变化。）根据最后一段“It’shardtojudgetheculturalinfluenceofacountrybutthenumberofpeoplespendingtimelearningmor

eaboutitthroughitslanguageissurelyasignthatitisexerting(施加)influence.”（很难判断一个国家的文化影响力，但花时间通过语言了解这个国家的人的数量无疑是一个信号，表明这个国家正在发挥影响力。）可知，短文的最佳标题为“语言

学习的变化”。故选C项。